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56e8fbad0b45c0140094cdc6
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
The area the museum occupies dates back to when?
{ "answer_start": [ 261 ], "text": [ "1065" ] }
56e8fbad0b45c0140094cdc7
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when?
{ "answer_start": [ 310 ], "text": [ "1908" ] }
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd5
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
What is located in the vaulted overcroft beneath the monks' dormitory?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd6
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
What is located in the vaulted undercroft above the monks' dormitory?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd7
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
The area the store occupies dates back to when?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd8
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory hasn't been a museum since when?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd9
Westminster_Abbey
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
The vaulted overcroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e8fc6799e8941900975f51
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What belonging to Henry V is in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [ 71 ], "text": [ "funeral saddle, helm and shield" ] }
56e8fc6799e8941900975f53
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What kind of panels are in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [ 162 ], "text": [ "panels of mediaeval glass" ] }
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce5
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What belonging to Henry VI is in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce6
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What belonging to Henry V isn't in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce7
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What not belonging to Henry V is in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce8
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What kind of panels aren't in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce9
Westminster_Abbey
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edward III, Henry VII and his queen, Elizabeth of York, Charles II, William III, Mary II and Queen Anne.
What kind of panels are in the library?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f59
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
Who modelled the effigies in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [ 190 ], "text": [ "sculptor Patience Wright" ] }
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f5a
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What are the effigies made of?
{ "answer_start": [ 6 ], "text": [ "wax" ] }
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f5b
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What is the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing?
{ "answer_start": [ 75 ], "text": [ "some of his own clothes" ] }
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd01
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
Who never modelled the effigies in the museum?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd02
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What aren't the effigies made of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd03
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What are the fridges made of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd04
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What is the effigy of Discount Nelson wearing?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd05
Westminster_Abbey
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 was found on the figure and is now displayed separately.[citation needed]
What isn't the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f63
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was recently added to the museum exhibit?
{ "answer_start": [ 48 ], "text": [ "13th-century Westminster Retable" ] }
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f64
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What is the Westminster Retable?
{ "answer_start": [ 82 ], "text": [ "England's oldest altarpiece" ] }
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f65
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was the altarpiece designed for?
{ "answer_start": [ 152 ], "text": [ "high altar of the abbey" ] }
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f66
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was damaged but cleaned and then conserved?
{ "answer_start": [ 99 ], "text": [ "altarpiece" ] }
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd15
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was recently subtracted from the museum exhibit?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd16
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What wasn't recently added to the museum exhibit?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd17
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What isn't the Westminster Retable?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd18
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was the altarpiece undesigned for?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd19
Westminster_Abbey
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
What was undamaged but cleaned and then conserved?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcb
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
What was proposed for the abbey in June 2009?
{ "answer_start": [ 23 ], "text": [ "major building work" ] }
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcc
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would not be continued?
{ "answer_start": [ 356 ], "text": [ "4 August 2010" ] }
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcd
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
Panter Hudspith refurbished a 14th-century foodstore into what?
{ "answer_start": [ 692 ], "text": [ "a restaurant" ] }
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdce
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
What kind of furniture is in the restaurant?
{ "answer_start": [ 710 ], "text": [ "English Oak" ] }
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcf
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
Who supplied the furniture for the restaurant?
{ "answer_start": [ 772 ], "text": [ "Luke Hughes and Company" ] }
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd23
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
What was proposed for the abbey in June 2008?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd24
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would be continued?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd25
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
Panter Hudspith refurbished a 13th-century foodstore into what?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd26
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
What kind of furniture isn't in the restaurant?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd27
Westminster_Abbey
In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.
Who never supplied the furniture for the restaurant?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6b
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
What will be created in the medieval triforium?
{ "answer_start": [ 48 ], "text": [ "The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries" ] }
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6d
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
What has been designed to help with the gallery?
{ "answer_start": [ 260 ], "text": [ "Gothic access tower with lift" ] }
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6f
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
When will the new galleries open?
{ "answer_start": [ 423 ], "text": [ "2018" ] }
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd37
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
What will be destroyed in the medieval triforium?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd38
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
What will be created in the medieval biforium?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd39
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
What has been undesigned to help with the gallery?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd3a
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
When will the new galleries close?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd3b
Westminster_Abbey
A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey architect and Surveyor of the Fabric, Ptolemy Dean. It is planned that the new galleries will open in 2018.
When will the old galleries open?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
56e9ebac5a205f1900d6d326
Political_corruption
Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. An illegal act by an officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to their official duties, is done under color of law or involves trading in influence.
What is it called when government officials use their power for private gain?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Political corruption" ] }
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32c
Political_corruption
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.
One form of corruption involves the hiring of family members, which is called what?
{ "answer_start": [ 68 ], "text": [ "nepotism" ] }
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32d
Political_corruption
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.
Another form of corruption, the practice of usury, is called what?
{ "answer_start": [ 78 ], "text": [ "gombeenism" ] }
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32e
Political_corruption
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.
Three forms of corruption that can promote criminal activities include drugs, money laundering, and what?
{ "answer_start": [ 253 ], "text": [ "human trafficking" ] }
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32f
Political_corruption
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.
The repression of what is also considered political corruption?
{ "answer_start": [ 387 ], "text": [ "political opponents" ] }
56e9f4805a205f1900d6d336
Political_corruption
The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal actions. Worldwide, bribery alone is estimated to involve over 1 trillion US dollars annually. A state of unrestrained political corruption is known as a kleptocracy, literally meaning "rule by thieves".
Which crime costs over one trillion U.S. dollars every year, world-wide?
{ "answer_start": [ 356 ], "text": [ "bribery" ] }
56e9f4805a205f1900d6d337
Political_corruption
The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal actions. Worldwide, bribery alone is estimated to involve over 1 trillion US dollars annually. A state of unrestrained political corruption is known as a kleptocracy, literally meaning "rule by thieves".
What does kleptocracy mean?
{ "answer_start": [ 522 ], "text": [ "rule by thieves" ] }
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33c
Political_corruption
Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.
What are some forms of corruption now called?
{ "answer_start": [ 39 ], "text": [ "institutional corruption" ] }
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33d
Political_corruption
Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.
Institutional corruption is distinguished from what type of corruption?
{ "answer_start": [ 90 ], "text": [ "bribery" ] }
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33e
Political_corruption
Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.
This type of problem happens in any organization where the interests of the people who financially support it conflicts with what?
{ "answer_start": [ 286 ], "text": [ "the primary purpose of the institution" ] }
56ea90465a205f1900d6d342
Political_corruption
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.
What does corruption undermine in politics?
{ "answer_start": [ 35 ], "text": [ "democracy" ] }
56ea90465a205f1900d6d343
Political_corruption
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.
What does corruption disregard in politics?
{ "answer_start": [ 96 ], "text": [ "formal processes" ] }
56ea90465a205f1900d6d344
Political_corruption
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.
Political corruption in legislature reduces what, overall?
{ "answer_start": [ 169 ], "text": [ "accountability" ] }
56ea90465a205f1900d6d345
Political_corruption
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.
Corruption in what compromises the rule of law?
{ "answer_start": [ 247 ], "text": [ "judiciary" ] }
56ea90465a205f1900d6d346
Political_corruption
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.
Corruption in what creates weak provision of services?
{ "answer_start": [ 304 ], "text": [ "public administration" ] }
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34c
Political_corruption
More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in the levels of corruption amongst high-income democracies can vary significantly depending on the level of accountability of decision-makers. Evidence from fragile states also shows that corruption and bribery can adversely impact trust in institutions.
What two democratic values are soiled due to corruption?
{ "answer_start": [ 255 ], "text": [ "trust and tolerance" ] }
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34d
Political_corruption
More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in the levels of corruption amongst high-income democracies can vary significantly depending on the level of accountability of decision-makers. Evidence from fragile states also shows that corruption and bribery can adversely impact trust in institutions.
Corruption disintegrates government capacity when public offices are what?
{ "answer_start": [ 157 ], "text": [ "bought and sold" ] }
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34e
Political_corruption
More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in the levels of corruption amongst high-income democracies can vary significantly depending on the level of accountability of decision-makers. Evidence from fragile states also shows that corruption and bribery can adversely impact trust in institutions.
The level of corruption can vary in richer democracies in regards to the what of those officials making decisions?
{ "answer_start": [ 425 ], "text": [ "accountability" ] }
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d352
Political_corruption
In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also induce officials to contrive new rules and delays. Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations are better than covertly allowing them to be bypassed by using bribes. Where corruption inflates the cost of business, it also distorts the playing field, shielding firms with connections from competition and thereby sustaining inefficient firms.
Corruption raises the cost of business because of illegal payments in what sector?
{ "answer_start": [ 7 ], "text": [ "private" ] }
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d353
Political_corruption
In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also induce officials to contrive new rules and delays. Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations are better than covertly allowing them to be bypassed by using bribes. Where corruption inflates the cost of business, it also distorts the playing field, shielding firms with connections from competition and thereby sustaining inefficient firms.
Some people feel that corruption actually reduces costs because it cuts what?
{ "answer_start": [ 271 ], "text": [ "bureaucracy" ] }
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d355
Political_corruption
In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also induce officials to contrive new rules and delays. Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations are better than covertly allowing them to be bypassed by using bribes. Where corruption inflates the cost of business, it also distorts the playing field, shielding firms with connections from competition and thereby sustaining inefficient firms.
What process is better than allowing bribes to remain in place?
{ "answer_start": [ 371 ], "text": [ "Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations" ] }
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d356
Political_corruption
In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also induce officials to contrive new rules and delays. Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations are better than covertly allowing them to be bypassed by using bribes. Where corruption inflates the cost of business, it also distorts the playing field, shielding firms with connections from competition and thereby sustaining inefficient firms.
Corruption changes the playing field by allowing businesses with connections to be shielded by what?
{ "answer_start": [ 611 ], "text": [ "competition" ] }
56ea94715a205f1900d6d35c
Political_corruption
Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government.
Economic distortion is created by corruption in the public sector by diverting what into capital projects?
{ "answer_start": [ 80 ], "text": [ "public investment" ] }
56ea94715a205f1900d6d35d
Political_corruption
Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government.
What is more plentiful in capital projects?
{ "answer_start": [ 126 ], "text": [ "bribes and kickbacks" ] }
56ea94715a205f1900d6d360
Political_corruption
Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government.
Corruption can lower what with environmental regulations?
{ "answer_start": [ 346 ], "text": [ "compliance" ] }
56ea95025a205f1900d6d366
Political_corruption
Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts). In Nigeria, for example, more than $400 billion was stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.
African dictators often have what kind of bank accounts?
{ "answer_start": [ 341 ], "text": [ "Swiss" ] }
56ea95025a205f1900d6d367
Political_corruption
Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts). In Nigeria, for example, more than $400 billion was stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.
What form has corruption taken in Africa?
{ "answer_start": [ 164 ], "text": [ "rent extraction" ] }
56ea95025a205f1900d6d368
Political_corruption
Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts). In Nigeria, for example, more than $400 billion was stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.
In Africa, the finances are often moved where?
{ "answer_start": [ 223 ], "text": [ "overseas" ] }
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d36e
Political_corruption
University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets. This encouraged officials to stash their wealth abroad, out of reach of any future expropriation. In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.
Which researchers studied corruption from Sub-Saharan countries from 1970 to 1996?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "University of Massachusetts Amherst" ] }
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d370
Political_corruption
University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets. This encouraged officials to stash their wealth abroad, out of reach of any future expropriation. In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.
The 187 billion exceeded what in these countries?
{ "answer_start": [ 168 ], "text": [ "external debts" ] }
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d371
Political_corruption
University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets. This encouraged officials to stash their wealth abroad, out of reach of any future expropriation. In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.
What was one of the factors for this behavior in Africa?
{ "answer_start": [ 367 ], "text": [ "political instability" ] }
56ea97140030b61400a34fbd
Political_corruption
Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the funds that were donated for health usages were never invested into the health sectors or given to those needing medical attention.
Where is corruption most noticeable?
{ "answer_start": [ 36 ], "text": [ "countries with the smallest per capita incomes" ] }
56ea97140030b61400a34fbe
Political_corruption
Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the funds that were donated for health usages were never invested into the health sectors or given to those needing medical attention.
These countries rely on foreign aid for what?
{ "answer_start": [ 111 ], "text": [ "health services" ] }
56ea97140030b61400a34fbf
Political_corruption
Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the funds that were donated for health usages were never invested into the health sectors or given to those needing medical attention.
In Sub-Saharan African countries, what level of government is corruption especially prevalent at?
{ "answer_start": [ 128 ], "text": [ "Local" ] }
56ea97140030b61400a34fc0
Political_corruption
Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the funds that were donated for health usages were never invested into the health sectors or given to those needing medical attention.
Which report described this corruption?
{ "answer_start": [ 269 ], "text": [ "the 2006 World Bank Report" ] }
56ea97140030b61400a34fc1
Political_corruption
Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the funds that were donated for health usages were never invested into the health sectors or given to those needing medical attention.
How many funds did not reach their intended recipients who needed medical attention?
{ "answer_start": [ 301 ], "text": [ "about half" ] }
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d378
Political_corruption
Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require.
What kind of employees received payments?
{ "answer_start": [ 128 ], "text": [ "ghost employees" ] }
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d379
Political_corruption
Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require.
Where were drugs siphoned off to?
{ "answer_start": [ 94 ], "text": [ "the black market" ] }
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d37a
Political_corruption
Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require.
In addition to ghost employees and the black market receiving drugs, what other way was money expended?
{ "answer_start": [ 49 ], "text": [ "counterfeit drugs" ] }
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d37b
Political_corruption
Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require.
If local corruption did not exist, there would be enough what to help the people in these countries needing medical help?
{ "answer_start": [ 21 ], "text": [ "money" ] }
56ea98980030b61400a34fc7
Political_corruption
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.
Corruption aids what as far as the environment is concerned?
{ "answer_start": [ 23 ], "text": [ "environmental destruction" ] }
56ea98980030b61400a34fc8
Political_corruption
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.
Formal legislation cannot be regulated when officials are what?
{ "answer_start": [ 179 ], "text": [ "bribed" ] }
56ea98980030b61400a34fc9
Political_corruption
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.
Bribes also halt unions, the protection of children in labor, and what?
{ "answer_start": [ 207 ], "text": [ "social rights worker protection" ] }
56ea98980030b61400a34fca
Political_corruption
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.
When these laws are broken, corrupt countries gain what in the international market?
{ "answer_start": [ 347 ], "text": [ "illegitimate economic advantage" ] }
56ea99270030b61400a34fcf
Political_corruption
The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur.
Who has stated that apolitical food problems do not exist?
{ "answer_start": [ 34 ], "text": [ "Amartya Sen" ] }
56ea99270030b61400a34fd1
Political_corruption
The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur.
What can trigger famine conditions?
{ "answer_start": [ 126 ], "text": [ "drought" ] }
56ea99270030b61400a34fd2
Political_corruption
The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur.
While natural occurrences can cause famine, what determines the severity of it?
{ "answer_start": [ 208 ], "text": [ "government action or inaction" ] }
56ea99c90030b61400a34fd7
Political_corruption
Governments with strong tendencies towards kleptocracy can undermine food security even when harvests are good. Officials often steal state property. In Bihar, India, more than 80% of the subsidized food aid to poor is stolen by corrupt officials. Similarly, food aid is often robbed at gunpoint by governments, criminals, and warlords alike, and sold for a profit. The 20th century is full of many examples of governments undermining the food security of their own nations – sometimes intentionally.
Even if a harvest is good, food security can be crippled when a government has tendencies toward what?
{ "answer_start": [ 43 ], "text": [ "kleptocracy" ] }
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d381
Political_corruption
The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the manipulation of assessments, targeting, registration and distributions to favor certain groups or individuals.
Along with food aid, what is most at risk in these countries?
{ "answer_start": [ 141 ], "text": [ "construction" ] }
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d382
Political_corruption
The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the manipulation of assessments, targeting, registration and distributions to favor certain groups or individuals.
How is food aid usually directly redirected from the people it should go to?
{ "answer_start": [ 239 ], "text": [ "physically diverted" ] }
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d383
Political_corruption
The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the manipulation of assessments, targeting, registration and distributions to favor certain groups or individuals.
Food aid can also be indirectly diverted from its intended recipients through the manipulation of what?
{ "answer_start": [ 332 ], "text": [ "assessments" ] }