id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
572e89ce03f9891900756759 | Seven_Years%27_War | The War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Neither group, however, found ... | What was gained or lost by Austria? | {
"answer_start": [
459
],
"text": [
"British military effort had not saved Silesia for Austria"
]
} |
572e89ce03f9891900756758 | Seven_Years%27_War | The War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Neither group, however, found ... | What was the major gain by Great Britain by having Austria as it ally? | {
"answer_start": [
370
],
"text": [
"British subsidies to Austria had produced nothing of much help to the British"
]
} |
572e89ce03f989190075675b | Seven_Years%27_War | The War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Neither group, however, found ... | What alliances were formed in the "diplomatic reversal"? | {
"answer_start": [
871
],
"text": [
"The collapse of that system and the aligning of France with Austria and of Great Britain with Prussia constituted what is known as the “diplomatic revolution”"
]
} |
572e89ce03f989190075675a | Seven_Years%27_War | The War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Neither group, however, found ... | Did the loss of Silesia by Austria intensify its battle with Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
516
],
"text": [
". Prussia, having secured Silesia, had come to terms with Austria"
]
} |
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f127e | Seven_Years%27_War | In 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They also agreed to a secret clause... | What Russian-Austrian agreement preceded the Seven Years War that started in 1755-56? | {
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire"
]
} |
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f127f | Seven_Years%27_War | In 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They also agreed to a secret clause... | According to the Russian-Austrian pact of 1746, what would happen to Silesia in the event of hostilities with Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
285
],
"text": [
"They also agreed to a secret clause that promised the restoration of Silesia and the countship of Glatz (now Kłodzko, Poland) to Austria"
]
} |
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1280 | Seven_Years%27_War | In 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They also agreed to a secret clause... | What other area was mentioned regarding Prussian dominion in the Russian-Austrian pact? | {
"answer_start": [
366
],
"text": [
"the countship of Glatz (now Kłodzko, Poland) to Austria"
]
} |
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1281 | Seven_Years%27_War | In 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They also agreed to a secret clause... | What individual was the main target of the pact? | {
"answer_start": [
464
],
"text": [
"Their real desire, however, was to destroy Frederick’s power altogether"
]
} |
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1282 | Seven_Years%27_War | In 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They also agreed to a secret clause... | Why couldn't Petrovich persuade Austria to invade Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
865
],
"text": [
"he could not persuade Austrian statesman Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz to commit to offensive designs against Prussia"
]
} |
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d11f | Seven_Years%27_War | The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco... | What was the house of king George II? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Hanover"
]
} |
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d120 | Seven_Years%27_War | The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco... | Name two diverse geographies that king George II had to protect. | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas"
]
} |
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d121 | Seven_Years%27_War | The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco... | How anxious was France to assist Prussia to take over Hanover? | {
"answer_start": [
482
],
"text": [
"it had no desire to divert forces to central Europe for Prussia's interest."
]
} |
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d122 | Seven_Years%27_War | The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco... | Why would France want to invade Hanover? | {
"answer_start": [
338
],
"text": [
"France was very much interested in colonial expansion and was willing to exploit the vulnerability of Hanover in war against Great Britain"
]
} |
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d123 | Seven_Years%27_War | The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco... | What was Britain's obligation to Hanover if colonial expansion via war with France was to be resumed? | {
"answer_start": [
280
],
"text": [
"Hanover had to be secured against Franco-Prussian attack"
]
} |
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d7 | Seven_Years%27_War | French policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds wit... | What was the objective of le Secret du roi? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds with France’s publicly stated policies"
]
} |
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d8 | Seven_Years%27_War | French policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds wit... | Who did King Louis XV want on the Polish throne? | {
"answer_start": [
440
],
"text": [
"his kinsman Louis François de Bourbon, prince de Conti,"
]
} |
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d9 | Seven_Years%27_War | French policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds wit... | What was King Louis XV's secret ambition for Sweden and Turkey? | {
"answer_start": [
527
],
"text": [
"Sweden, and Turkey as French client states in opposition to Russian and Austrian interests"
]
} |
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1da | Seven_Years%27_War | French policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds wit... | What French official was kept in the dark about le Secret du roi? | {
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"Unbeknownst to his foreign minister,"
]
} |
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1db | Seven_Years%27_War | French policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds wit... | What countries did King Louis XV want keep in his sphere of influence to thwart the interests of Russia? | {
"answer_start": [
519
],
"text": [
"Poland, Sweden, and Turkey as French client states in opposition to Russian"
]
} |
572e9cadc246551400ce43ec | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Au... | What two geographies did Frederick want for Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
14
],
"text": [
"Saxony and Polish west Prussia"
]
} |
572e9cadc246551400ce43ed | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Au... | What country would refuse support if Frederick wen to war for Saxony and west Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
83
],
"text": [
"could not expect French support"
]
} |
572e9cadc246551400ce43ee | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Au... | What was his concern about trying take Hanover from the British? | {
"answer_start": [
234
],
"text": [
"he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack"
]
} |
572e9cadc246551400ce43ef | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Au... | What kept Augustus III from consolidating Saxony and Poland? | {
"answer_start": [
386
],
"text": [
"the two territories were physically separated by Brandenburg and Silesia"
]
} |
572e9cadc246551400ce43f0 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Au... | Who was Poland's ancient ally? | {
"answer_start": [
576
],
"text": [
"Poland, despite its union with the ancient lands of Lithuania,"
]
} |
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f1388 | Seven_Years%27_War | In the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complications arose. Britain's bas... | What country was pleased that Britain used its Hanover vote to elect Joseph as Te Holy Roman Emperor? | {
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"Austria"
]
} |
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f1389 | Seven_Years%27_War | In the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complications arose. Britain's bas... | What country and person were displeased that Britain used it Hanover vote to elect Joseph as the Holy Roman Emporer? | {
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"Frederick and Prussia"
]
} |
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138a | Seven_Years%27_War | In the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complications arose. Britain's bas... | What was the French view about the dismemberment of Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
663
],
"text": [
"saw the complete dismemberment of Prussia as unacceptable to the stability of Central Europe."
]
} |
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138b | Seven_Years%27_War | In the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complications arose. Britain's bas... | What was a major objective of Britain in joining the Austro-Russian alliance? | {
"answer_start": [
361
],
"text": [
"to protect Hanover's interests against France."
]
} |
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138c | Seven_Years%27_War | In the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complications arose. Britain's bas... | What was Kaunitz's objective with the French? | {
"answer_start": [
432
],
"text": [
"Kaunitz kept approaching the French in the hope of establishing such alliance with Austria"
]
} |
572ea33603f989190075687f | Seven_Years%27_War | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | What was Kaunitz of Austria willing to trade for French help in capturing Silesia? | {
"answer_start": [
185
],
"text": [
"willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid"
]
} |
572ea33603f9891900756880 | Seven_Years%27_War | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | What did Russia use Britain's money for? | {
"answer_start": [
449
],
"text": [
"to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover"
]
} |
572ea33603f9891900756881 | Seven_Years%27_War | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | What countries teamed together at the Convention of Westminster? | {
"answer_start": [
972
],
"text": [
"Britain and Prussia"
]
} |
572ea33603f9891900756882 | Seven_Years%27_War | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | When was the Convention of Westminster signed? | {
"answer_start": [
905
],
"text": [
"January 16, 1756"
]
} |
572ea33603f9891900756883 | Seven_Years%27_War | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | Why was Beshuzev happy to put the troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border? | {
"answer_start": [
573
],
"text": [
"Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia,"
]
} |
572ea61f03f98919007568a3 | Seven_Years%27_War | The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, partic... | What was the response of Empress Elizabeth of Russia to the English-Prussian agreement? | {
"answer_start": [
131
],
"text": [
"Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged"
]
} |
572ea61f03f98919007568a4 | Seven_Years%27_War | The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, partic... | Why was France mad at the British-Prussian agreement? | {
"answer_start": [
226
],
"text": [
"France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria,"
]
} |
572ea61f03f98919007568a5 | Seven_Years%27_War | The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, partic... | France was now in a desperate position, what did they do? | {
"answer_start": [
400
],
"text": [
"France was forced to accede to the Austro-Russian alliance"
]
} |
572ea61f03f98919007568a6 | Seven_Years%27_War | The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, partic... | Who were the parties to the treaty of Versailles? | {
"answer_start": [
305
],
"text": [
"Austria, particularly Kaunitz, used this situation to their utmost advantage. The now-isolated France"
]
} |
572ea61f03f98919007568a7 | Seven_Years%27_War | The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, partic... | How many troops did Austria and France pledge to defend each other? | {
"answer_start": [
574
],
"text": [
"24.000 troops"
]
} |
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25b | Seven_Years%27_War | The most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at "the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort th... | Where did the French build Fort Duquesne? | {
"answer_start": [
77
],
"text": [
"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River"
]
} |
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25c | Seven_Years%27_War | The most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at "the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort th... | What city is now located where Fort Duquesne was built? | {
"answer_start": [
172
],
"text": [
"Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"
]
} |
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25d | Seven_Years%27_War | The most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at "the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort th... | Were the British successful in stopping the building of Fort Duquesne? | {
"answer_start": [
208
],
"text": [
"British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful"
]
} |
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25e | Seven_Years%27_War | The most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at "the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort th... | Who led the British militia to drive the French out of Fort Duquesne? | {
"answer_start": [
417
],
"text": [
"Led by George Washington"
]
} |
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25f | Seven_Years%27_War | The most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at "the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French proceeded to build the fort th... | Where did the French for General George Washington's surrender? | {
"answer_start": [
613
],
"text": [
"Fort Necessity"
]
} |
572ea92e03f98919007568d1 | Seven_Years%27_War | News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immedia... | Which country dispatched regular troops to North America? | {
"answer_start": [
38
],
"text": [
"Britain and France"
]
} |
572ea92e03f98919007568d2 | Seven_Years%27_War | News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immedia... | What was the result of the British attack on Ft Duquesne? | {
"answer_start": [
513
],
"text": [
"the expedition ended in disastrous defeat"
]
} |
572ea92e03f98919007568d3 | Seven_Years%27_War | News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immedia... | Who led the British assault on Ft. Duquesne? | {
"answer_start": [
378
],
"text": [
"British Major General Edward Braddock"
]
} |
572ea92e03f98919007568d4 | Seven_Years%27_War | News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immedia... | What was the result of the naval encounter between Britain and France? | {
"answer_start": [
575
],
"text": [
"Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships"
]
} |
572ea92e03f98919007568d5 | Seven_Years%27_War | News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immedia... | Who won the Battle of Lake George? | {
"answer_start": [
737
],
"text": [
"inconclusive"
]
} |
572eab27cb0c0d14000f142e | Seven_Years%27_War | For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a ... | How much effort did France put into wars to defend its colonies? | {
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help"
]
} |
572eab27cb0c0d14000f142f | Seven_Years%27_War | For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a ... | Identify a major factor in this feckless strategy by France of not defending its colonies with enthusiasm? | {
"answer_start": [
347
],
"text": [
"geography, coupled with the superiority of the British navy, made it difficult"
]
} |
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1430 | Seven_Years%27_War | For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a ... | Why did the French rulers need a large domestic army? | {
"answer_start": [
521
],
"text": [
"several long land borders made an effective domestic army imperative"
]
} |
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1432 | Seven_Years%27_War | For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a ... | How much success did France have in adding European territory with this approach? | {
"answer_start": [
1137
],
"text": [
"France had few counterbalancing European successes."
]
} |
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1431 | Seven_Years%27_War | For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a ... | In treaty negotiations, what trades did France hope to make. | {
"answer_start": [
886
],
"text": [
"in treaty negotiations, to trade territorial acquisitions in Europe to regain lost overseas possessions."
]
} |
572ead8003f989190075691f | Seven_Years%27_War | The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly... | How did the British avoid having large contingents of troops in continental Europe? | {
"answer_start": [
192
],
"text": [
"allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies,"
]
} |
572ead8003f9891900756920 | Seven_Years%27_War | The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly... | Identify an advantage that Britain had during the Seven Year's War. | {
"answer_start": [
384
],
"text": [
"Britain could turn London's enormous financial power to military advantage"
]
} |
572ead8003f9891900756921 | Seven_Years%27_War | The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly... | Who led the armies supporting British interests in central Europe? | {
"answer_start": [
563
],
"text": [
"Frederick the Great of Prussia"
]
} |
572ead8003f9891900756922 | Seven_Years%27_War | The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly... | What country was driven into an alliance with France by the British pairing with Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
844
],
"text": [
"leaving Austria to side with France"
]
} |
572ead8003f9891900756923 | Seven_Years%27_War | The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly... | How did the British behave in defending their colonies compared to the French approach? | {
"answer_start": [
881
],
"text": [
"In marked contrast to France, Britain strove to prosecute the war actively in the colonies"
]
} |
572eb0c2c246551400ce4520 | Seven_Years%27_War | William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was... | What was the grand strategy of prime minister William Pitt? | {
"answer_start": [
186
],
"text": [
"a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire"
]
} |
572eb0c2c246551400ce4522 | Seven_Years%27_War | William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was... | What was Pitt's primary military advantage? | {
"answer_start": [
295
],
"text": [
"Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy"
]
} |
572eb0c2c246551400ce4521 | Seven_Years%27_War | William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was... | What locations did Pitt want from France? | {
"answer_start": [
270
],
"text": [
"North America and India"
]
} |
572eb0c2c246551400ce4523 | Seven_Years%27_War | William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was... | How did Pitt plan to augment the British regular troops? | {
"answer_start": [
416
],
"text": [
"He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies"
]
} |
572eb0c2c246551400ce4524 | Seven_Years%27_War | William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was... | How did Pitt's strategy affect Britain's future plans? | {
"answer_start": [
684
],
"text": [
"even after that the British continued his strategy"
]
} |
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149a | Seven_Years%27_War | The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt ... | What was the reason that the British Prime Minister thought that ware in Europe could be prevented? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
"the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe"
]
} |
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149b | Seven_Years%27_War | The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt ... | What country initiated conflict? | {
"answer_start": [
205
],
"text": [
"the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca"
]
} |
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149c | Seven_Years%27_War | The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt ... | What was the result for Admiral Byng? | {
"answer_start": [
417
],
"text": [
"Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed"
]
} |
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149d | Seven_Years%27_War | The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt ... | When was war declared between Britain and France? | {
"answer_start": [
465
],
"text": [
"War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May"
]
} |
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149e | Seven_Years%27_War | The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt ... | How did the timing of the declaration of war compare to the conflicts in North America between Britain and France? | {
"answer_start": [
533
],
"text": [
"nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country."
]
} |
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a4 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | How did Frederick II of Prussia respond to news of British and French clashes in North America? | {
"answer_start": [
143
],
"text": [
"he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony"
]
} |
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a5 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | What country was Saxony aligned with? | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria"
]
} |
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a6 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | Fpr what possession of Prussia was the Saxony invasion a distraction? | {
"answer_start": [
277
],
"text": [
"pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French invasion of Silesia"
]
} |
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a7 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | What was one goal of the invasion of Saxony? | {
"answer_start": [
395
],
"text": [
"he would seize Saxony and eliminate it as a threat to Prussia"
]
} |
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a8 | Seven_Years%27_War | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | What was another goal of the invasion of Saxony? | {
"answer_start": [
549
],
"text": [
"to advance into Bohemia where he might set up winter quarters at Austria's expense"
]
} |
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14ae | Seven_Years%27_War | Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army march... | How did Frederick protect Silesia when he went to invade Saxony? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary"
]
} |
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14af | Seven_Years%27_War | Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army march... | How did Frederick protect East Prussia when he went to invade Saxony? | {
"answer_start": [
148
],
"text": [
"leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east"
]
} |
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14b0 | Seven_Years%27_War | Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army march... | Describe the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. | {
"answer_start": [
358
],
"text": [
"a column of about 15,000 men"
]
} |
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14b1 | Seven_Years%27_War | Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army march... | Describe the command of the Duke ofBrunswich-Bevern. | {
"answer_start": [
455
],
"text": [
"a column of 18,000 men"
]
} |
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14b2 | Seven_Years%27_War | Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army march... | Describe the command of Field Marshall James Keith | {
"answer_start": [
611
],
"text": [
"a corps of 30,000 troops."
]
} |
572eb9e9cb0c0d14000f14ca | Seven_Years%27_War | The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians ... | How much resistance did Frederick encounter in Saxon? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered."
]
} |
572eb9e9cb0c0d14000f14cb | Seven_Years%27_War | The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians ... | What reinforcements were the Saxons expecting? | {
"answer_start": [
198
],
"text": [
"Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne"
]
} |
572eb9e9cb0c0d14000f14cc | Seven_Years%27_War | The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians ... | What happened to the Saxon army? | {
"answer_start": [
372
],
"text": [
"Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army"
]
} |
572eb9e9cb0c0d14000f14ce | Seven_Years%27_War | The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians ... | What was the result of the fury of Europe? | {
"answer_start": [
528
],
"text": [
"led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition"
]
} |
572eb9e9cb0c0d14000f14cd | Seven_Years%27_War | The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians ... | What characteristic of Saxony caused Europe to be mad? | {
"answer_start": [
470
],
"text": [
"attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage"
]
} |
572ebd11c246551400ce45c2 | Seven_Years%27_War | Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The ... | How did Britain Protect Hanover? | {
"answer_start": [
162
],
"text": [
"combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover"
]
} |
572ebd11c246551400ce45c3 | Seven_Years%27_War | Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The ... | How did the British support Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
74
],
"text": [
"shipping supplies and ₤670,000"
]
} |
572ebd11c246551400ce45c4 | Seven_Years%27_War | Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The ... | Why did the Dutch reject Britain's offer to join the alliance? | {
"answer_start": [
424
],
"text": [
"the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral"
]
} |
572ebd11c246551400ce45c5 | Seven_Years%27_War | Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The ... | Who had done better, the Prussians in Europe or the Brits in North America? | {
"answer_start": [
523
],
"text": [
"successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America."
]
} |
572ebd11c246551400ce45c6 | Seven_Years%27_War | Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The ... | Who led the force to defend Hanover? | {
"answer_start": [
271
],
"text": [
"under the command of the Duke of Cumberland"
]
} |
572ebebbc246551400ce45dc | Seven_Years%27_War | In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications ... | Where did the Austrians retreat in May of 1757? | {
"answer_start": [
301
],
"text": [
"the fortifications of Prague"
]
} |
572ebebbc246551400ce45de | Seven_Years%27_War | In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications ... | What were casualties like in the 1757 battle in Prague? | {
"answer_start": [
217
],
"text": [
"both forces suffered major casualties"
]
} |
572ebebbc246551400ce45dd | Seven_Years%27_War | In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications ... | Who led the Prussian assault on Prague in 1757 | {
"answer_start": [
15
],
"text": [
"Frederick II"
]
} |
572ebebbc246551400ce45df | Seven_Years%27_War | In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications ... | Why did Frederick reduce his manpower at Prague? | {
"answer_start": [
410
],
"text": [
"Frederick took 5,000 troops from the siege at Prague and sent them to reinforce the 19,000-man army under the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern at Kolin in Bohemia"
]
} |
572ebebbc246551400ce45e0 | Seven_Years%27_War | In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications ... | How did Austrian Marshall Daun reverse the situation at Prague? | {
"answer_start": [
649
],
"text": [
"picked up 16,000 men who had escaped from the battle. With this army he slowly moved to relieve Prague."
]
} |
572ec004c246551400ce45f6 | Seven_Years%27_War | Later that summer, the Russians invaded Memel with 75,000 troops. Memel had one of the strongest fortresses in Prussia. However, after five days of artillery bombardment the Russian army was able to storm it. The Russians then used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fier... | What led to the defeat of the Prussians at Memel? | {
"answer_start": [
135
],
"text": [
"five days of artillery bombardment"
]
} |
572ec004c246551400ce45f7 | Seven_Years%27_War | Later that summer, the Russians invaded Memel with 75,000 troops. Memel had one of the strongest fortresses in Prussia. However, after five days of artillery bombardment the Russian army was able to storm it. The Russians then used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fier... | How did the Russians used the captured Memel? | {
"answer_start": [
227
],
"text": [
"used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia"
]
} |
572ec004c246551400ce45f8 | Seven_Years%27_War | Later that summer, the Russians invaded Memel with 75,000 troops. Memel had one of the strongest fortresses in Prussia. However, after five days of artillery bombardment the Russian army was able to storm it. The Russians then used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fier... | What caused the Russians based in Memel to be successful deeper into Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"defeated a smaller Prussian force"
]
} |
572ec004c246551400ce45f9 | Seven_Years%27_War | Later that summer, the Russians invaded Memel with 75,000 troops. Memel had one of the strongest fortresses in Prussia. However, after five days of artillery bombardment the Russian army was able to storm it. The Russians then used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fier... | What was Frederick's response to the Russian invasion? | {
"answer_start": [
566
],
"text": [
"he was now forced to withdraw further into Prussian-controlled territory"
]
} |
572ec004c246551400ce45fa | Seven_Years%27_War | Later that summer, the Russians invaded Memel with 75,000 troops. Memel had one of the strongest fortresses in Prussia. However, after five days of artillery bombardment the Russian army was able to storm it. The Russians then used Memel as a base to invade East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fier... | What additional country felt emboldened to invade Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
794
],
"text": [
"Sweden"
]
} |
572ec240cb0c0d14000f1510 | Seven_Years%27_War | Things were looking grim for Prussia now, with the Austrians mobilising to attack Prussian-controlled soil and a French army under Soubise approaching from the west. However, in November and December of 1757, the whole situation in Germany was reversed. First, Frederick devastated Prince Soubise's French force at the B... | What were reasons that the late 1757 time frame looked bad for Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"the Austrians mobilising to attack Prussian-controlled soil and a French army under Soubise approaching from the west"
]
} |
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