VolumeName string | ClinicalInformation_EN string | Technique_EN string | Findings_EN string | Impressions_EN string | Medical material int64 | Arterial wall calcification int64 | Cardiomegaly int64 | Pericardial effusion int64 | Coronary artery wall calcification int64 | Hiatal hernia int64 | Lymphadenopathy int64 | Emphysema int64 | Atelectasis int64 | Lung nodule int64 | Lung opacity int64 | Pulmonary fibrotic sequela int64 | Pleural effusion int64 | Mosaic attenuation pattern int64 | Peribronchial thickening int64 | Consolidation int64 | Bronchiectasis int64 | Interlobular septal thickening int64 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
train_13212_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. There are millimetric calcific foci in the aortic arch and coronary arteries. Other mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal an... | Mild atelectatic changes at basal levels in both lung lower lobes. Hypertopic, osteophytic taperings and millimetric Schmorl nodules are observed in the dorsal vertebra corpus end plateaus. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13213_a_1.nii.gz | Headache | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Thoracic CT examination within normal limits | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13214_a_1.nii.gz | Cough and back pain | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstruction was performed at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. There is no obstructive pathology in the trachea and both main bronchi. In the peripheral and central parts of both lungs, there are many round-shaped ground-glass appearances and consolidations accompanying ground-glass appearances from time to time. The appearances described du... | Findings consistent with viral pneumonia in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13215_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. Mediastinal main vascular structures are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. Mild hiatal hernia is observed. No pathologically sized and configured l... | Mild bronchiectasis appearance at the central level in both lungs. A few nodules with nonspecific millimetric sequelae in both lungs. Mild hiatal hernia. Although the wall thickening is observed in the area extending towards the greater curvature at the level of the gastric fundus, it cannot be evaluated optimally ... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13216_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was observed in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic... | Nodular density increases in the right lung lower lobe posterobasal - laterobasal segments, accompanied by band atelectatic changes, with areas of ground glass around it; the appearance is compatible with infective processes. It is not typical for Covid-19 pneumonia. However, due to the pandemic, Covid-19 pneumonia and... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13217_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is within normal limits. The aortic arch calibration is 332 mm, wider than normal. Calibration of other mediastinal vascular structures is natural. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophageal calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph ... | No finding compatible with pneumonia was detected | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13218_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | The mediastinal main vascular structures and heart could not be evaluated optimally because of the lack of contrast. As far as can be seen; mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. No pericardial, pleural effusion or thickening was observed. Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive... | Active infiltration or mass lesion is not detected in both lung parenchyma, and there are a few nonspecific nodules in millimetric sizes. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13218_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea and both main bronchi were in the midline and no obstructive pathology was observed in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not... | Active infiltration-mass lesion was not detected in both lung parenchyma. Several nonspecific parenchymal nodules in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13219_a_1.nii.gz | Cough asbestos? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the lumen. Mediastinal main vascular structures were evaluated as suboptimal since cardiac examination was unenhanced. No obvious pathology was detected. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophageal calibration was norm... | Nonspecific millimetric parenchymal nodules in both lungs. Atelectatic changes in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13220_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MD CT. | In the previous examination, in the upper lobe apicoposterior segment of the left lung, in the peripheral lung parenchyma, there are nodular consolidation areas with ground glass around it. In the current examination, minimal pleuroparenchymal sequelae densities are observed in the regressed sites. No obvious pathology... | Not given. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13221_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Findings consistent with Covid pneumonia in both lungs. Nonspecific millimetric nodules in bilateral lungs. Bilateral nephrolithiasis. Hypodense lesion compatible with angiomyolipoma in the upper pole of the left kidney. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13222_a_1.nii.gz | Asthma | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node was observed in the supraclavicular fossa, axilla and mediastinum in pathological size and appearance. Heart dimensions and compartments are of normal width. Pericardial effusion was not detected. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is normal. Trachea, both main bronchi, lobar and segment... | Increased aeration in both lung parenchyma Tubular bronchiectasis and middle lobe atelectasis in the right lung middle lobe Filling defects due to secretions in the right lung lower lobe bronchi Bronchial wall thickness increase in both lungs Cysts in the left kidney | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13223_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Calcific atheroma plaques are observed in the aorta and coronary arteries. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was... | Minimal emphysematous changes in both lungs with millimetrically sized, few sequelae calcific nodules and areas of linear subsegmentary atelectasis. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13224_a_1.nii.gz | In-vehicle traffic accident, sternum fracture? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | There is a fracture in the inferior of the sternum, which shows a posterior displacement and shows slight separation. No effusion was detected in the mediastinium. Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial ef... | Fracture in the inferior sternum, displacing posteriorly, with slight separation; no significant effusion and space-occupying fluid localization were detected in the mediastinum. Mild pleural effusion in the right hemithorax. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13225_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MD CT. | Trachea and main bronchi are open. Right upper paratracheal millimetric lymph node is observed. No pathological LAP was detected in the mediastinum. The cardiothoracic index increased in favor of the heart. Millimetric sized calcific plaques are observed on the walls of the coronary artery. Pleural effusion-thickening ... | Subsegmental atelectasis causing parenchymal retraction in the left lung lingular segment | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13226_a_1.nii.gz | Operated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, post-treatment control. | Non-contrast IV contrast images were obtained in the axial plane with a slice thickness of 1.5 mm (Opaxol 300 mg/100 ml IV contrast medium). | No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. Mediastinum and heart are deviated to the right. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral... | Other findings are stable. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13227_a_1.nii.gz | Operated lung Ca. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be observed: It was learned that bilateral upper lobectomy was performed in the case due to pulmonary Ca. The upper lobe bronchi of both lungs end bluntly, and the densities of the post-op suture material are observe... | Operated lung Ca in follow-up. Bilateral upper lobectomy, sequelae changes in both lungs. Newly revealed free pleural effusion on current examination on the left. Pericardial effusion. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13227_b_1.nii.gz | operated lung ca. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Calcific atheroma plaques are observed in the aorta and coronary arteries. Pericardial minimal effusion is stable. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was dete... | Operated lung ca. Bilateral upper lobectomy. Emphysema and sequelae changes in both lungs. Decreased pleural effusion on the left. Stable minimal pericardial effusion. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13228_a_1.nii.gz | Chest pain, mediastinal pathology? | Sections were taken in the axial plane without contrast material and reconstruction was performed at the workstation. | There is a triangular isodense area in the anterior mediastinum that may be compatible with the thymic remnant. Although the examination was without contrast, no demarked mass lesion was detected in this area. Heart contour and size are normal. No pleural or pericardial effusion or thickening was detected. The diameter... | A few millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs and mild sequelae at the apical levels | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13229_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea was in the midline of both main bronchi and no obstructive pathology was observed in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; The anterior-posterior diameter of the ascending aorta was 42 mm, and it was observed wider than normal. Calibr... | Fusiform aneurysmatic dilatation in the ascending aorta. Suspicious findings in terms of early Covid-19 pneumonia in the lung parenchyma; It is recommended to be evaluated together with clinical and laboratory. Subsegmentary atelectatic changes in the middle lobe of the right lung and the inferior lingular segment of ... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13230_a_1.nii.gz | high blood pressure | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. (300/100 ml Opaxol IV with contrast) | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Centrilobular paraseptal emphysematous changes in both lungs, mostly at the apical levels and superiorly in the upper lobes, fibrotic sequelae changes at the apical levels. Multiple cysts in the liver. A finding in the medial leg of the right adrenal gland, within the limits of the examination, in favor of adenoma. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13231_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is natural. No lymph node with pathological size and configuration was detected at the hilar level in the mediastinum, in the upper-lower paratracheal area. No pathological size and configuration of lymph nodes were detected at both hilar levels. Thora... | Significant pneumonic infiltration was not detected in the case. A few nonspecific millimetric nodules formation in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13232_a_1.nii.gz | covid? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophageal calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in p... | Emphysematous changes in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13233_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. In the posterior segment of the right lung upper lobe, there is consolidation in which an air bronchogram is observed. The described appearance was evaluated in favor of pneumonic infiltration when evaluate... | Appearance evaluated primarily in favor of pneumonic infiltration in the upper lobe of the right lung. Emphysematous changes in both lungs. Atelectasis in both lungs. Millimetric nodules in both lungs. Atherosclerotic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13233_b_1.nii.gz | Covid positive malignancy? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node was observed in the supraclavicular fossa, axilla and mediastinum in pathological size and appearance. Heart dimensions and compartments are of normal width. Pericardial effusion was not detected. Calibrations of mediastinal major vascular structures are natural. The air passages in the trachea and both l... | In the case with Covid positivity, subpleural linear density increases are observed, which is thought to belong to the late recovery period findings of the infection in the lung parenchyma. No suspicious nodule or mass-occupying lesion in favor of malignancy was observed. Increased heart size, diffuse calcific athero... | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13233_c_1.nii.gz | Shortness of breath | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Mediastinal structures cannot be evaluated optimally because contrast material is not given. As far as can be observed: The heart is larger than normal. Especially the left atrium is observed to be significantly larger than normal. Atheroma plaques are observed in the aorta and coronary arteries. The ascending aorta me... | Cardiomegaly, atherosclerotic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries Bilateral pleural effusion, interlobular septal thickenings in both lungs Mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes Emphysematous changes in both lungs Atelectasis in both lungs | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13234_a_1.nii.gz | Not specified. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node was observed in the supraclavicular fossa, axilla and mediastinum in pathological size and appearance. Heart size increased. Left ventricular diameter increased. The ascending aorta diameter increased by 48 mm. The diameter of the thoracic aorta is slightly increased to 30 mm at its widest point. Pulmonar... | Increase in the diameter of the left ventricle, calcified atheroma plaques in the coronary arteries . Sequelae parenchymal changes in the superior segment of the lower lobe of the right lung . Subsegmental atelectasis in the right lung middle lobe and the appearance of a slightly prominent kinking vascular structure in... | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13235_a_1.nii.gz | Cough. | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. No mass or infiltrative lesion was detected in both lungs. Mediastinal structures cannot be evaluated optimally because contrast material is not given. As far as can be observed: Heart contour and size are ... | Findings within normal limits. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13236_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea was in the midline of both main bronchi and no obstructive pathology was observed in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen, the mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour and size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening wa... | No evidence of infection-mass was detected in the lung parenchyma. Minimal thickening of the left adrenal gland corpus. Accessory spleen inferior to the spleen hilus. Slight degenerative changes in bone structures. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13237_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Inspection within normal limits. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13238_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is natural. Pectus excavatus appearance is observed in the case. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No lymph node with pathological size and configuration was detected at the mediastinal a... | Pectus excavatus view. Mild degenerative changes in bone structure. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13239_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in prevascular, pre-paratracheal, s... | Thoracic CT examination within normal limits | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13240_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was observed in the lumen. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour and size are normal. Pericardial, pleural effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was detecte... | Multisegmental indistinct ground-glass densities are observed in both lungs, and Covid-19 pneumonia was primarily considered in the etiology of the findings. Evaluation and post-treatment control are recommended together with clinical and laboratory findings. Partial fusion of the right posterior 5th and 6th ribs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13240_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 2 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in p... | Not given. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13241_a_1.nii.gz | covid? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. No enlarged lymph nodes in prevascular, pre-paratracheal, subcarinal or bilateral hilar-axillary pathological dimensions were de... | Typical-probable Covid-19 pneumonia. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13242_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. In the anterior mediastinum, there is thymic tissue that has undergone fatty involution and has no mass effect. Mediastinal main vascular structures are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significan... | No significant pathology was detected in both lung parenchyma. Two hypodense well-circumscribed lesions in the liver. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13243_a_1.nii.gz | Lung ca. | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstruction was performed at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. A malignant mass measuring approximately 95x85 mm was observed in the upper lobe of the right lung. Apart from this, there are many nodules in both lungs and they were evaluated in favor of metastases. The ... | Mass in the upper lobe of the right lung, metastases in both lungs, mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies, multiple hypodense lesions in both lobes of the liver Bilateral pleural effusion, more prominent on the right. Diffuse emphysematous changes in both lungs and sequelae in the right lung. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13243_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Bilateral gynecomastia was observed. No obstructive pathology was detected in the lumen of the trachea and both main bronchi. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusio... | Mass in the upper lobe of the right lung, metastases in both lungs, mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies, multiple hypodense lesions in both lobes of the liver, nodular soft tissue mass lesion in the left adrenal gland corpus; Size increases are available. More pronounced bilateral pleural effusion on the right; i... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13244_a_1.nii.gz | Chronic cough etiology | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Mediastinal main vascular structures and cardiac examination were not evaluated optimally because of the lack of IV contrast. As far as can be observed, the calibration of the vascular structures and the heart contour size are normal. Pericardial, pleural effusion was not detected. Trachea, both main bronchi are open a... | Sliding type mild hiatal hernia at the lower end of the esophagus Diffuse mild ectasia in the bronchial structures of both lungs Hepatosteatosis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13245_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Heart contour and size are normal. Calcific atheroma plaques are observed in the aorta and coronary arteries. Other mediastinal main vascular structures are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration wa... | Aortic and coronary artery atherosclerosis Minimal emphysema in lungs, thickening of central bronchial walls Millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs Thoracic kyphosis, scoliosis | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13246_a_1.nii.gz | Cough. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Enlarged veins with ground glass densities are observed in the posterobasal levels in the lower lobes of both lungs in a patchy manner. The findings were initially evaluated in favor of Covid-19 viral pneumonia. Clinical, laboratory correlation and close follow-up are recommended. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13247_a_1.nii.gz | Mass in the liver, stomach pain. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Fibrotic sequelae changes are observed at the apical levels. Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumora... | Not given. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13248_a_1.nii.gz | unexplained dyspnea | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MDCT. | A peripherally located asymmetrical density of approximately 1.2 cm in diameter was observed in the upper inner quadrant of the left breast. Evaluation with breast ultrasonography is appropriate. Both nipples are retracted, structural? Trachea and main bronchi are open. No pathological LAP was detected in the mediastin... | Asymmetrical density in the left breast is appropriate to be evaluated by breast ultrasonography. pectus carinatum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13248_b_1.nii.gz | dyspnea. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | An asymmetrical density increase with a diameter of approximately 1.7 cm was observed peripherally located in the upper-inner region of the left breast. It is recommended to be evaluated together with breast US. Trachea was in the midline of both main bronchi and no obstructive pathology was observed in the lumen. Medi... | Asymmetrical density increase in the upper inner quadrant of the left breast is recommended to be evaluated together with breast US. Linear pleuroparenchymal sequelae density increases in the right lung middle lobe medial, left lung lower lobe anteromediobasal segment. Tubular bronchiectasis prominent in the center o... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13249_a_1.nii.gz | CLL, pneumonia?. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be observed: The ascending aorta is wider than normal with an anterior-posterior diameter of 38 mm. Calibration of other vascular structures ... | Fusiform ectasia in the ascending aorta, calcific atheroma plaques in the thoracic aorta-coronary arteries. Pathologically sized lymph nodes in the mediastinum and both axillary regions. Sequelae atelectatic changes in both lungs, segmental-subsegmental peribronchial thickening Findings consistent with pneumonic in... | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13249_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | There is also a decrease in the size of the lymph nodes observed in the mediastinum and both axillary regions. Centriacinar nodular infiltration in both lungs upper lobe apical segment, lower lobe basals, peripheral subpleural areas and areas of increased density in ground glass density in the appearance of bud trees ... | Not given. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13250_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Mediastinal vascular structures and cardiac examination could not be evaluated optimally because of the lack of IV contrast. As far as can be seen; bilateral pulmonary artery is wider than normal. The diameter of the right pulmonary artery was 28 mm, and the left pulmonary artery diameter was 27 mm. A slight increase i... | Emphysematous changes in both lungs, nodular lesions in both lung parenchyma. Consolidation-ground glass density increase areas evaluated in favor of viral pneumonia in both lungs; Evaluation with clinical and laboratory findings is recommended in terms of Covid-19 pneumonia. Increased diameter and heart size of bot... | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13251_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Mediastinal structures are deviated to the left. Thoracic esophageal calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thic... | Emphysematous changes in both lungs . Bronchectatic changes, prominent in the left lung lower lobe in both lungs, . Peribronchial thickening in the left lung lower lobe, density increases in ground glass density, and areas of consolidation-atelectasis and subsegmentary atelectasis including air bronchogram in the poste... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
train_13251_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a slice thickness of 1.5 mm. bronchiectatic control | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in p... | Emphysematous appearance in both lungs . Cystic bronchiectatic enlargements in the posteromediobasal region of the lower lobe of the right lung; Peribronchial thickening, density increases and ground-glass appearances around bronchiectatic enlargements in the previous examination are almost completely regressed in the ... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13251_c_1.nii.gz | pneumonia, control | Before IVKM was given, sections were taken in the axial plan and reconstruction was performed at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are normal. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. Cystic - cylindrical bronchiectasis and minimal peribronchial thickening are observed in the left lung. There is also minimal bronchiectasis in the left lung upper lobe lingular segment. There is diffuse ... | Bronchiectasis in the left lung lower lobe and upper lobe lingular segment . Diffuse emphysema in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13251_d_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Trachea and lumen of both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. Mediastinal structures were considered suboptimal when the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be seen; The heart contour size is natural. Pericardial thickening-effusion was not de... | Left lung lower lobectomy, minimal bronchiectatic changes in left lung upper lobe, right hemithorax deviation to the left due to volume loss. Diffuse emphysema areas in both lungs. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13251_e_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Trachea and lumen of both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. Heart contour size is natural. Pericardial thickening-effusion was not detected. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is natural. Mediastinal structures are displaced to t... | Left lower lobectomy Emphysema, bronchiectasis Consolidations described on the left | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
train_13251_f_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | The trachea was in the midline of both main bronchi and no obstructive pathology was detected in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; mediastinum and heart are deviated to the left. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size ... | Hiatal hernia . Left lung with lower lobectomy, decreased left lung volume . Panlobular-paraseptal emphysematous changes in both lungs . Cylindrical bronchiectasis in both lungs | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13252_a_1.nii.gz | Cough for 2 weeks, Covid-19 pneumonia? | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. There is bronchiectasis in both lungs, especially in the central parts. Bronchiectasis is observed more prominently in the mediobasal segment of the lower lobe of the right lung. Ground glass areas are obse... | Findings evaluated primarily in favor of viral pneumonia in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
train_13252_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Millimetric calcific plaque is observed in LAD. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was detected. In the medi... | Centrally weighted bronchiectasis in both lungs, most prominently in the right lower lobe, minimal bronchial wall thickening. Millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs. Calcific plaque in LAD. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13253_a_1.nii.gz | covid | Transverse sections of 3 mm thickness obtained without the application of IV contrast material were evaluated. | Trachea and main bronchi are open. No pathological lymph node was detected in the mediastinum. The heart and mediastinal vascular structures have a natural appearance. Esophagus is within normal limits. Pleural effusion-thickening was not detected in both hemithorax. In the evaluation of both lung parenchyma; Patchy, p... | Viral pneumonia? Outlooks include classic or probable findings for COVID. Note: Other infectious agents such as influenza, parainfluenza, mycoplasma, other organized pneumonias such as drug toxicity, connective tissue diseases should be considered in the differential diagnosis as they may cause similar appearances. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
train_13254_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be seen; In the anterior mediastinum, a triangular soft tissue density without mass effect was observed (Remnant thymus?). Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, siz... | No sign of pneumonia was detected. Suspected hypodense lesion at liver segment 7 level. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13255_a_1.nii.gz | Weakness, fatigue and back pain. | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. Minimal emphysematous changes are observed in both lungs. There are millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs. No mass or infiltrative lesion was detected in both lungs. Mediastinal structures cannot be... | Minimal emphysematous changes in both lungs. Millimetric nodules in both lungs. Minimal atherosclerotic changes in the aorta. Adenoma in the right adrenal gland. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13256_a_1.nii.gz | chest pain, shortness of breath | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open and no occlusive pathology is detected. The mediastinal main vascular structures could not be evaluated optimally due to the lack of IV contrast in the heart examination, and the calibration of the vascular structures and the heart contour size are normal. Pericardial-pleural effusio... | Widespread consolidation - ground glass densities are observed in all segments in both lung parenchyma, and viral pneumonia is considered in the etiology of the findings. It is recommended to evaluate it together with clinical and laboratory findings in terms of Covid-19 pneumonia, and to control after treatment. Chol... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13256_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | The mediastinal main vascular structures are not optimally evaluated because the heart examination is without IV contrast, and the calibration of the mediastinal vascular structures and the heart contour size are natural. Pericardial effusion is observed in minimal plastering style. No pleural effusion or thickening wa... | Widespread consolidation-ground glass densities are observed in all segments of both lung parenchyma, and a decrease in their size and densities is observed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13257_a_1.nii.gz | Cough, fever, phlegm, chills, shivering for 3 days | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. There are millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs. Ventilation of both lungs is normal and no mass or infiltrative lesion was detected in both lungs. Mediastinal structures cannot be evaluated optimal... | Millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13258_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MD CT. | Trachea and main bronchi are open. Calcific atherosclerotic plaques are observed in the ascending aorta, descending and abdominal aorta, and coronary artery walls. The diameter of the descending aorta is 3 cm. Right upper-lower paratracheal millimetric lymph node is observed. No pathological LAP was detected in the med... | Pleuroparenchymal sequelae in both lungs, a few millimetric nodules smaller than 5 mm and pleuroparenchymal sequelae in the posterior segment of the right lung upper lobe | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13259_a_1.nii.gz | covid? | The examination was carried out without contrast at a slice thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is within the normal range. Calibration of the main mediastinal vascular structures is natural. No lymph node was detected in the mediastinum in pathological size and configuration. No pathological size and configuration lymph nodes were detected at both hilar levels. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and n... | There was no finding compatible with pneumonia. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13260_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node was observed in the supraclavicular fossa and axilla in pathological size and appearance. There are mediastinal lymph nodes with bilateral lower paratracheal localization and subcarinal localization in the mediastinum, the largest of which is 13 mm in diameter in the right lower paratracheal localization.... | Bilateral asymmetric subpleural and peribronchial ground-glass density areas in both lungs, septal thickenings and pleuroparenchymal linear density increases. Radiological findings are compatible with lung parenchymal involvement of Covid-19. Mediastinal lymph nodes accompany. Cholelithiasis. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13261_a_1.nii.gz | Cough | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MD CT. | Trachea and main bronchi are open. A triangular density secondary to the thymic remnant is observed in the mediastinum. Right upper paratracheal aortopulmonary lymph nodes with millimetric size are observed. No pathological LAP was detected in the mediastinum. The heart and mediastinal vascular structures have a natura... | No mass nodule infiltration was observed in both lung parenchyma | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13261_b_1.nii.gz | cough, fatigue | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in prevascular, pre-paratracheal, s... | Thoracic CT examination within normal limits | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13262_a_1.nii.gz | Covid-19 pneumonia. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | An increase in the size of the left thyroid gland is observed, and there are nodular lesions with calcified walls in both thyroid glands. Evaluation with USG examination is recommended. It could not be evaluated optimally because of mediastinal vascular structures and cardiac examination without IV contrast. An increas... | Increased heart size, increased caliber of the ascending aorta and descending aorta. Calcified atheromatous plaques in the wall of the thoracic aorta and coronary vascular structures. Mosaic attenuation pattern in both lungs (small airway disease? small vessel disease?), millimeter-sized nodules in both lungs, Follo... | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13263_a_1.nii.gz | Operated kidney malignant neoplasm | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Diffuse calcific plaques are observed in the aorta and coronary arteries. Other mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and n... | Operated RCC at follow-up. Aortic and coronary artery atherosclerosis. Sequelae changes and millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs. Thoracic spondylosis. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13264_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | The left thyroid gland extends retrosternally to the aorticopulmonary window and is observed in heterogeneous density. USG verification is recommended. Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive was observed in the lumen. The trachea is deviated to the right due to the space-occupying effect of the left lateral ... | Significant increase in size of the left thyroid gland, retrosternal extension and heterogeneous appearance, followed by deviation of the trachea to the right . Mosaic attenuation pattern in both lungs (small vessel disease? Small airway disease?). Nonspecific nodules in millimetric sizes in both lungs. Appearances in... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13265_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea and both main bronchi were open and no obstructive pathology was detected. Mediastinal vascular structures could not be evaluated optimally because the cardiac examination was without IV contrast. As far as can be seen; Calibration of vascular structures, heart contour, size is natural. No pericardial-pleural e... | Findings consistent with viral pneumonia in both lungs. Right nephrolithiasis. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13266_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 3 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the lumen. The mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally in the non-contrast examination. As far as can be seen; Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-th... | Thoracic CT examination within normal limits | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13267_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is within normal limits. Calibration of major vascular structures in the mediastinum is natural. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thymic tissue without mass effect is observed in the anterior mediastinum. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detec... | No finding compatible with pneumonia was detected. Density reduction consistent with mild emphysema was observed. Mild hiatal hernia is observed. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13268_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is natural. Millimetric sized calcific atheroma plates are observed in the aortic arch. A mild air appearance is observed in the pulmonary trunk. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no signifi... | Findings consistent with mild emphysema in both lungs. Sequelae changes, more pronounced at the basals, and a specific slight ground-glass-like density increase at the posterobasal level on the right. Sequelae changes in rib structures in the posterolateral right hemithorax. Hepatosteatosis. Hiatal hernia. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13269_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea and both main bronchi were in the midline and no obstructive pathology was observed in the lumen. In the non-contrast examination, the mediastinal could not be evaluated optimally. As far as can be seen; The thoracic aorta is tortuous and elongated. The anterior-posterior diameter of the ascending aorta was 42 ... | Tortiose elongated appearance in the thoracic aorta, fusiform aneurysmatic dilatation, increased diameters of both pulmonary arteries, calcific atheroma plaques in the thoracic aorta and LAD. Malignant mass in the posterior segment of the right lung upper lobe. Right pleural effusion. Parenchymal nodules in both lu... | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13270_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MDCT. | Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be observed: Trachea, both main bronchial lumens are open. No obstructive pathology was detected in the lumen of the trachea and both main bronchi. There is soft tissue density of remnant thymus tissue in the anterio... | Mild bronchiectatic changes, sequelae changes, no signs of pneumonia were detected in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13271_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophageal calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in p... | Findings are compatible with COVID-19 pneumonia. However, other viral pneumonias are included in the differential diagnosis. Evaluation together with clinical and laboratory findings is recommended. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13272_a_1.nii.gz | Traffic accident | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node or space-occupying lesion in pathological size and appearance was detected in the axilla, supraclavicular fossa, and mediastinum. Heart dimensions and compartments appear natural. Calibrations of mediastinal major vascular structures are natural. Pericardial effusion was not detected. The esophagus is obs... | Acute traumatic pathology was not observed in thorax CT sections. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13273_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. The esophagus is slightly dilated. No enlarged lymph nodes in prevascular, pre-paratracheal, subcarinal or bilateral hilar-axill... | Dependent densities in both lungs. Subpleural reticulations and minimal ground glass densities in both lungs (interstitial lung disease?). Moderate dilatation of the esophagus. Borderline spleen size, hypodense nodular lesion in the upper pole of the spleen that cannot be characterized in this examination. Hepatos... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13274_a_1.nii.gz | Dyspnea, Covid? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Several nonspecific millimetric nodules in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13275_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | The endotracheal tube, which terminates approximately 2.3 cm proximal to the carina, was observed. No occlusive pathology was observed in the lumen of the trachea and both main bronchi. A catheter extending from the right internal jugular vein to the superior middle part of the vena cava was observed. Mediastinal main ... | Common patchy consolidations thought to be compatible with Covid 19 pneumonia in both lungs; clinical and laboratory evaluation is recommended. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13276_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main lumens. In the non-contrast examination, the mediastinal could not be evaluated optimally. As far as can be seen; mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus ca... | High suspicious findings for Covid-19 pneumonia in the lung parenchyma, accompanying linear atelectasis. Millimetric nonspecific parenchymal nodule in the right lung middle lobe lateral segment. Hepatic steatosis. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13277_a_1.nii.gz | not given | Sections were taken without contrast medium and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. Linear atelectasis was observed in the medial segment of the right lung middle lobe. There are minimal emphysematous changes in both lungs. No mass or infiltrative lesion is detected in both lungs. Mediasti... | Minimal emphysematous changes in both lungs . Left nephrolithiasis . Multinodular goiter . Thoracic spondylosis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13278_a_1.nii.gz | Aspergillus? | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Trachea and lumen of both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. Since the borders in the anterior mediastinum were unenhanced, the lobulated contoured HU value measured 27 mm in the posterior vascular structures and in the thickest part indistinguishab... | Irregularly circumscribed soft tissue lesion with lobulated contours, whose borders cannot be distinguished from adjacent vascular structures since the examination in the anterior mediastinum is uncontrast. Contrast-enhanced Thorax MRI is recommended for its characterization. Nonspecific parenchymal nodule in the upper... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13278_b_1.nii.gz | Lymphoma, pneumonia in follow-up? | Before IVKM was given, sections were taken in the axial plan and reconstruction was made at the workstation. | Mediastinal structures cannot be evaluated optimally because contrast material is not given. Heart contour and size are normal. No pleural or pericardial effusion was detected. The widths of the mediastinal main vascular structures are normal. In the anterior mediastinum, there is an appearance of soft tissue density w... | Lymphoma on follow-up . Appearance of unbounded soft tissue density in the anterior mediastinum . Millimetric nodules in the right lung . Nonspecific ground-glass areas in the right lung | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13278_c_1.nii.gz | covid? | Transverse sections of 3 mm thickness obtained without the application of IV contrast material were evaluated. | Trachea and main bronchi are open. No significant change was observed in the appearance of soft tissue density in the anterior mediastinum, which did not show any clear mass border. The heart and mediastinal vascular structures have a natural appearance. Esophagus is within normal limits. Pleural effusion-thickening wa... | There was no evidence of active infection in the lungs. However, it should be known that CT may be false negative in the first few days. Clinical and laboratory evaluation will be appropriate. It should be tested in a laboratory. Unlimited soft tissue density in the anterior mediastinum. Millimetric non-specific nodule... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13278_d_1.nii.gz | covid. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in p... | Thoracic CT examination within normal limits. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13279_a_1.nii.gz | Patient with liver cirrhosis and COPD, history of fever and cough. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | In both supraclavicular fossas, no lymph node in pathological size and appearance was observed in the cross-section. No lymph node was observed in pathological size and appearance in both axillae. Thyroid gland sizes are natural. No lymph node was observed in the mediastinum in pathological size and appearance. There a... | Increased emphysematous aeration in both lungs, areas of centriacinar emphysema in the upper lobes (a case with COPD). Endobronchiolar prominence and budding tree appearance were observed in a focal area in the right lung middle lobe lateral segment and lower lobe posterobasal segment, and it was evaluated as compatibl... | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13279_b_1.nii.gz | Liver right lobe transplantation, control. | Before IVCM was given, axial plane sections were taken with MDCT and reconstructions were made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are normal. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. Emphysematous changes are observed in both lungs. Minimal pleural effusion is observed on the right. There is consolidation in the lower lobe of the right lung, especially in the posterobasal segment, in ... | Liver right lobe transplantation, minimal free fluid in the perihepatic region. Right pleural effusion. Consolidation in the lower lobe of the right lung with air bronchogram (pneumonic infiltration? atelectasis??). | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13279_c_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be seen; Calcific atherosclerotic changes were observed in the thoracic aorta and coronary artery walls. Trachea and lumen of both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen o... | Calcific atherosclerotic changes in the wall of the thoracic aorta and coronary artery. Liver right lobe transplantation, minimal free fluid in the perihepatic area. Ground-glass density increases with septal thickenings in the lower lobe and middle lobe of the right lung; the appearance is nonspecific, it may be co... | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13280_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane. | Trachea and lumen of both main bronchi are open. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and lumen of both main bronchi. Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be observed: Calibration of thoracic main vascular structures is natural. No dilatat... | No sign of pneumonia detected. Hepatosteatosis. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13281_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. In the non-contrast examination, the mediastinum could not be evaluated optimally. As far as can be seen; Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no signific... | Linear atelectatic changes in both lungs . Nodular thickening in both adrenal glands . | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13282_a_1.nii.gz | Dyspnea and cough. | Before IVKM was given, sections were taken in the axial plan and reconstruction was made at the workstation. | Trachea and both main bronchi are normal. No occlusive pathology was detected in the trachea and both main bronchi. Diffuse emphysematous changes are observed in both lungs, with the lower lobes being more prominent. There is linear atelectasis in the anterior segment of the left upper lobe of the lung. In addition, at... | Diffuse emphysematous changes in both lungs. Millimetric nonspecific nodules in both lungs. Atherosclerotic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries. Hypodense lesions (cysts?) in the left kidney that cannot be characterized on this examination. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13283_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. The examination was considered suboptimal since no contrast agent was given. As far as can be seen; Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. In the coronary arteries, the most prominent calcific atheroma ... | Calcific atheroma plaques in the coronary arteries . High suspicious findings in terms of Covid-19 pneumonia in the lung parenchyma; It is recommended to be evaluated together with clinical and laboratory. Millimetric nonspecific parenchymal nodules in both lungs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13284_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | 1.5 mm thick non-contrast sections were taken in the axial plane with MDCT. | Trachea, lumen of both main bronchi are open. No obstructive pathology was detected in the lumen of the trachea and both main bronchi. Mediastinal structures were evaluated as suboptimal since the examination was unenhanced. As far as can be observed: Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal... | Typical-probable findings for Covid-19 pneumonia in both lung parenchyma. Clinical and laboratory correlation is recommended. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
train_13285_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | No lymph node was observed in the supraclavicular fossa, axilla and mediastinum in pathological size and appearance. Heart dimensions and compartments are of normal width. Pericardial effusion was not detected. Calibrations of mediastinal major vascular structures are natural. No space-occupying lesion was detected in ... | Sequelae of pleuroparenchymal calcification in the lower lobe of the right lung, several air cysts in both lungs, millimetric focal ground-glass parenchyma area in the lingular segment of the left lung upper lobe; it is nonspecific. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13285_b_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | In the right lower lobe, fibrotic changes causing slight retraction of the diaphragm and linear pleuroparenchymal opacities at this level are stable (may be a post-op suture line). Focal ground glass density in the superior lingular segment of the left lung is observed to be stable in this examination. No newly develo... | Air cysts in both lungs, subdiaphragmatic in the right lower lobe, pleuroparenchymal sequelae changes in the subpleural area and linear opacity (post-op? Calcification?). Stable focal ground glass density in the superior lingular segment of the left lung, millimetric nonspecific nodules in the right lung. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13286_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | CTO is normal. The aortic arch calibration is 28 mm. It is natural. Calibration of other major vascular structures is also natural. Millimetric calcific atheroma plaques are observed in the aortic arch, descending aorta, and left subclavian artery. Nodules are observed in both lobes of the thyroid gland. No lymph node ... | Mosaic atteniation pattern in both lungs. Posterobasal nodule in the left lung. Consolidation area containing air bronchograms adjacent to the fissure in the right lung lower lobe superior segment; the appearance is atypical for Covid pneumonia. Clinical and laboratory correlation is recommended. Hepatosteatosis . Bi... | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
train_13287_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 3 mm. | CTO is normal. Calibration of mediastinal major vascular structures is natural. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant pathological wall thickening was detected. No pathologically sized and configured lymph nodes were detected in the mediastinum and at both hilar levels. When examined in the lung ... | No findings compatible with pneumonia were detected. Findings compatible with emphysema . Horseshoe kidney variation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
train_13288_a_1.nii.gz | pneumonia? | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophagus calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. No enlarged lymph nodes in pr... | Emphysematous appearance in both lungs. Bronchiectatic enlargements in both lungs. Sequelae change in both lungs. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
train_13289_a_1.nii.gz | Not given. | Non-contrast images were taken in the axial plane with a section thickness of 1.5 mm. | Trachea, both main bronchi are open. Mediastinal main vascular structures, heart contour, size are normal. Thoracic aorta diameter is normal. Pericardial effusion-thickening was not observed. Thoracic esophageal calibration was normal and no significant tumoral wall thickening was detected. Calcific millimetric lymph n... | Compatible with bilateral Covid pneumonia. Nonspecific calcific nodule in left lung Bilateral nephrolithiasis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
CT-RATE Bronchiectasis Cases
Retrieves sample records where the Bronchiectasis condition is present, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight into the dataset's patterns or relationships.
Bronchiectasis Cases - Train
Retrieves sample records where the Bronchiectasis condition is present, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight into the dataset's patterns.