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### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What are the areas covered in the eV2X work of Rel-15 to enhance 3GPP support for V2X scenarios? option 1: Vehicle platooning, advanced driving, and remote driving option 2: Basic safety services, extended sensors, and general aspects option 3: Advanced driving, remote driving, and extended sensors option 4: Vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving option 5: Advanced driving, extended sensors, and general aspects ### Response: option 4: Vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving explanation :The eV2X work of Rel-15 covers vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving to enhance the 3GPP support for V2X scenarios.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of local breakout in the Evolved Packet System? option 1: To optimize routing for user plane traffic option 2: To support mobility within and across access systems option 3: To minimize packet loss during inter- and/or intra-access technology changes option 4: To provide service continuity during changes of access systems option 5: To support simultaneous usage of multiple accesses ### Response: option 1: To optimize routing for user plane traffic explanation :Local breakout allows routing to be optimized so that user plane traffic does not need to leave the current region.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What architectural or protocol changes are expected to have minimum impact on the 5G system? option 1: Voice service continuity from NG-RAN to UTRAN CS option 2: Voice service continuity from NG-RAN to GERAN option 3: CS fallback from NG-RAN to UTRAN option 4: Seamless handover between NG-RAN and UTRAN ### Response: option 1: Voice service continuity from NG-RAN to UTRAN CS explanation :Architectural or protocol changes needed to support voice service continuity from NG-RAN to UTRAN CS are expected to have minimum impact on the 5G system.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What happens when the AF requests EAS rediscovery for impacted applications in HR-SBO context? option 1: H-SMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_Update Request to the target V-SMF option 2: V-SMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_Update Response to the H-SMF option 3: H-SMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_Update Response to the AF option 4: V-SMF initiates PDU Session Modification command to the UE ### Response: option 1: H-SMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_Update Request to the target V-SMF explanation :When the AF requests EAS rediscovery for impacted applications, the H-SMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_Update Request to the target V-SMF.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of timing resiliency in a 5G system? option 1: To provide backup timing sources in case of GNSS signal degradation. option 2: To enhance the accuracy of primary reference Time Clocks. option 3: To monitor and report timing errors to UEs and applications. option 4: To support ranging-based services in 5G networks. ### Response: option 1: To provide backup timing sources in case of GNSS signal degradation. explanation :Timing resiliency enhances the 5G system to act as a backup for loss of GNSS references.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of NWDAF in the 5G system architecture? option 1: To interact with different entities for data collection option 2: To store and retrieve data from ADRF option 3: To provide analytics to consumers option 4: To exchange analytics and collect input data between PLMNs option 5: To request and subscribe to trained ML model provisioning services ### Response: option 1: To interact with different entities for data collection explanation :NWDAF interacts with different entities for data collection based on subscription to events.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of Extended Access Barring? option 1: To prevent overload of the access network and/or the core network option 2: To control access to network provided services or functions option 3: To allow/prevent new access attempts from particular applications option 4: To differentiate between CS and PS domains option 5: To specify the categories of subscribers who are barred from network access ### Response: option 1: To prevent overload of the access network and/or the core network explanation :The purpose of Extended Access Barring is to prevent overload of the access network and/or the core network.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What happens when the UE applies a zero value for a timer? option 1: The timer starts and immediately expires option 2: The timer stops and is reset option 3: The timer is paused indefinitely option 4: The timer is set to an infinite value option 5: The timer is set to a predefined default value ### Response: option 1: The timer starts and immediately expires explanation :When the UE applies zero value for a timer, the timer shall be started and immediately expire unless explicitly stated otherwise.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What are the 3GPP PS Data Off Exempt Services? option 1: Services provided by the home PLMN only. option 2: Services provided by any VPLMN. option 3: Operator services defined in specific standards. option 4: Services related to non-3GPP access. ### Response: option 3: Operator services defined in specific standards. explanation :The 3GPP PS Data Off Exempt Services are a set of operator services defined in TS 22.011 and TS 23.221.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the N5CW device in the control plane for trusted WLAN access? option 1: To establish a secure NAS signalling connection between the UE and the WLAN access network option 2: To handle EAP-based access authentication procedure option 3: To manage session management between the UE and the TNGF option 4: To manage user plane PDU Session establishment and release option 5: To provide access control for the UE connecting to the WLAN access network ### Response: option 2: To handle EAP-based access authentication procedure explanation :The N5CW device in the control plane for trusted WLAN access is used to handle the EAP-based access authentication procedure for connecting to a trusted WLAN access network.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of Real-Time Text conversation? option 1: To support multimedia services with IP telephony option 2: To support multimedia services with circuit-switched technology option 3: To enable real-time, character by character, text conversation option 4: To provide streaming services using packet-switched technology ### Response: option 3: To enable real-time, character by character, text conversation explanation :Real-Time Text (RTT) conversation is a service enabled in 3GPP networks by the Global Text Telephony ( GTT ).
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the Network Slice AS Group (NSAG)? option 1: To monitor and control the number of registered UEs per network slice option 2: To allocate resources to a slice in case of slice resources shortage option 3: To provide Target NSSAI and RFSP to RAN to steer the UE to another cell option 4: To perform slice aware cell reselection and slice specific RACH configuration option 5: To support slice specific RACH configuration ### Response: option 4: To perform slice aware cell reselection and slice specific RACH configuration explanation :The NSAG mechanism is introduced to perform slice aware cell reselection and slice specific RACH configuration.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the prohibit timer in the network? option 1: To trigger SR counters option 2: To perform rate adaptation option 3: To limit frequent query messages option 4: To enable CSFB option 5: To configure bundle frequency hopping ### Response: option 3: To limit frequent query messages explanation :The prohibit timer is configured by the network to limit UEs from sending frequent query messages, ensuring efficient use of resources.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What factors are considered when deciding on service delivery? option 1: User preferences and network conditions option 2: User preferences and serving network capabilities option 3: User profile and network conditions option 4: User profile and serving network capabilities option 5: User preferences, user profile, and network conditions ### Response: option 4: User profile and serving network capabilities explanation :The decision on service delivery shall be based on preferences identified in the user profile and serving network capabilities and conditions.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the sub-frame structure in V2V communications? option 1: To handle high Doppler and improve tracking option 2: To transmit scheduling assignments option 3: To provide time synchronization option 4: To allocate data resources ### Response: option 1: To handle high Doppler and improve tracking explanation :The sub-frame structure in V2V communications is designed to handle high Doppler associated with relative speeds of up to 500kph and improve tracking of the channel at high speed.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of credit pooling in charging? option 1: To reserve all the user's credit for new services option 2: To avoid credit fragmentation and unnecessary load on the server option 3: To calculate network access charges for home subscribers option 4: To determine charges for inter-operator settlement option 5: To facilitate charging for roaming architecture for Voice over IMS ### Response: option 2: To avoid credit fragmentation and unnecessary load on the server explanation :Credit pooling is used to avoid credit fragmentation and unnecessary load on the server by linking multiple quotas into a single pool of credit.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the NEF (PFDF) send in response to the SMF after PFD retrieval? option 1: Nnef_PFDManagement_Subscribe option 2: Nudr_DM_Query option 3: Nnef_PFDManagement_Create/Update/Delete option 4: Nnef_PFDManagement_Fetch ### Response: option 4: Nnef_PFDManagement_Fetch explanation :The NEF (PFDF) replies to the SMF with Nnef_PFDManagement_Fetch (Application Identifier(s), PFD(s)).
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview Which 3GPP release introduced Device to Device (D2D) communication? option 1: Rel-8 option 2: Rel-12 option 3: Rel-14 option 4: Rel-16 ### Response: option 2: Rel-12 explanation :D2D communication was introduced in LTE-advanced (Rel-12).
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview How are network nodes and NG-RAN configured with Disaster Condition? option 1: Based on operator policy and the request by government agencies. option 2: Based on operator policy only. option 3: Based on the request by government agencies only. option 4: Based on international standards. option 5: Based on customer requests. ### Response: option 1: Based on operator policy and the request by government agencies. explanation :The network nodes and NG-RAN are configured with Disaster Condition via OAM based on operator policy and the request by the government agencies.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of User Plane Security Enforcement information? option 1: To enforce maximum UP integrity protection data rate option 2: To indicate whether UP confidentiality protection is required option 3: To determine User Plane Security Policy locally option 4: To communicate the maximum supported data rate for integrity protection option 5: To provide NG-RAN with User Plane security policies ### Response: option 5: To provide NG-RAN with User Plane security policies explanation :User Plane Security Enforcement information provides the NG-RAN with User Plane security policies for a PDU session.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How do non-supporting UEs handle the broadcast system information in a shared network? option 1: They rely on the SIM/USIM card for information. option 2: They decode the broadcast system information to determine available operators. option 3: They request the broadcast system information from the RAN. option 4: They ignore the broadcast system information. ### Response: option 4: They ignore the broadcast system information. explanation :Non-supporting UEs in a shared network ignore the broadcast system information.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications In which scenario is the UL CL/BP UPF and L-PSA UPF co-located in the single V-UPF? option 1: Home-routed roaming option 2: EAS discovery with V-EASDF option 3: EAS discovery with Local DNS option 4: EAS discovery with IP replacement mechanism ### Response: option 1: Home-routed roaming explanation :In the home-routed roaming scenario, the UL CL/BP UPF and L-PSA UPF can be co-located in the single V-UPF.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the UEAssistanceInformationSidelink message? option 1: To request UE sidelink capabilities option 2: To include the system information transmitted by a UE via SL-BCH option 3: To indicate the failure of a PC5 RRC AS reconfiguration option 4: To include sidelink DRX assistance information used to determine the sidelink DRX configuration option 5: To transfer UE radio access capabilities ### Response: option 4: To include sidelink DRX assistance information used to determine the sidelink DRX configuration explanation :The purpose of the UEAssistanceInformationSidelink message is to include sidelink DRX assistance information used to determine the sidelink DRX configuration.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview How many blind physical layer transmissions are required in the new coverage class mapping for EC operation? option 1: Same as existing coverage classes option 2: Twice the number compared to existing coverage classes option 3: Half the number compared to existing coverage classes option 4: One less than the number compared to existing coverage classes option 5: Three times the number compared to existing coverage classes ### Response: option 2: Twice the number compared to existing coverage classes explanation :In the new coverage class mapping for EC operation, blind physical layer transmissions need to be extended over twice the number of TDMA frames compared to existing coverage classes.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the QoE measurement configuration received from OAM or CN encapsulated in? option 1: A QoE Measurement Configuration container option 2: A Measurement Report message option 3: A Measurement Configuration container option 4: A QoE Measurement Control message option 5: A Measurement Control message ### Response: option 5: A Measurement Control message explanation :The QoE measurement configuration received from OAM or CN is encapsulated in a container, which is inserted in a Measurement Control message and forwarded to the UE transparently.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the measure of modulation quality for NB-IoT? option 1: Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) in dB option 2: Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) option 3: Carrier-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (CINR) option 4: Frequency deviation ### Response: option 1: Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) in dB explanation :The EVM of each NB-IoT carrier on NB-PDSCH shall be better than the limits in Table 6.5.2-2, which is a measure of the difference between the ideal symbols and the measured symbols after the equalization.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of bundle frequency hopping in the LTE network? option 1: To enhance bundle frequency hopping option 2: To enable UL/DL bitrate recommendation option 3: To improve PUSCH enhancement mode option 4: To support multi-subframe channel estimation ### Response: option 4: To support multi-subframe channel estimation explanation :Bundle frequency hopping in the LTE network is used to support multi-subframe channel estimation.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications When the user profile is changed in the UDM/UDR and affects the user profile in the AMF, how does the UDM notify the affected AMF? option 1: By invoking Nudm_SDM_Notification service operation option 2: By invoking Nudm_SDM_Info service operation option 3: By initiating a UE Configuration Update procedure option 4: By initiating a UE Parameters Update via UDM Control Plane Procedure ### Response: option 1: By invoking Nudm_SDM_Notification service operation explanation :The UDM notifies the affected AMF by invoking the Nudm_SDM_Notification service operation.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the Access Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting (ATSS) feature in 5G networks? option 1: To establish a Multi Access (MA) PDU Session for data communication between the UE and UPF option 2: To improve network performance measurements in Rel-16 option 3: To support 3GPP access over EPC only option 4: To prioritize 3GPP access over non-3GPP access in load balancing ### Response: option 1: To establish a Multi Access (MA) PDU Session for data communication between the UE and UPF explanation :The ATSS feature enables the establishment of a Multi Access (MA) PDU Session, which supports multipath data communication between the UE and UPF.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How are MCCH transmissions and associated radio resources indicated to the UE? option 1: Via PCFICH addressed to MCCH-RNTI option 2: Via PCPICH addressed to MCCH-RNTI option 3: Via PDCCH addressed to MCCH-RNTI option 4: Via PHICH addressed to MCCH-RNTI ### Response: option 3: Via PDCCH addressed to MCCH-RNTI explanation :MCCH transmissions and the associated radio resources and MCS are indicated to the UE via the PDCCH addressed to MCCH-RNTI.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which message is used for the indication of measurement results of NR sidelink? option 1: SCCH-Message option 2: RRCReconfigurationSidelink option 3: NotificationMessageSidelink option 4: MeasurementReportSidelink option 5: UECapabilityInformationSidelink ### Response: option 4: MeasurementReportSidelink explanation :The MeasurementReportSidelink message is used for the indication of measurement results of NR sidelink.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the reference condition for the SAN total power dynamic range? option 1: OFDM symbol power for a SAN when transmitting on all RBs at maximum output power option 2: Average power for single RB transmission option 3: RS power indicated on the DL-SCH option 4: Minimum deviation between the DL RS power indicated on the DL-SCH and the DL RS power of each E-UTRA carrier at the SAN antenna connector ### Response: option 1: OFDM symbol power for a SAN when transmitting on all RBs at maximum output power explanation :The upper limit of the dynamic range is the OFDM symbol power for a SAN when transmitting on all RBs at maximum output power.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF)? option 1: To measure PRB usage for MIMO option 2: To optimize inter-system load balancing option 3: To support network automation option 4: To calculate the energy efficiency of base stations ### Response: option 3: To support network automation explanation :The purpose of the Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) is to support network automation.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What type of data security and privacy methods does the 5G system support? option 1: Authentication and authorization methods option 2: Integrity protection and confidentiality methods option 3: Protection against tampering and spoofing option 4: End-to-end encryption option 5: Protection of user location information ### Response: option 2: Integrity protection and confidentiality methods explanation :The 5G system supports integrity protection and confidentiality methods to ensure data security and privacy.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the value of SCSREFSENS used in the Noc methodology? option 1: 120 kHz option 2: 100 MHz option 3: 12 option 4: -1 dB ### Response: option 1: 120 kHz explanation :The value of SCSREFSENS used in the Noc methodology is 120 kHz.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the Evolution to and Interworking with eCall in IMS work item? option 1: To introduce password protection for activation of supplementary services in IMS option 2: To specify eMBMS enhancements for LTE option 3: To provide media handling extensions for IMS-based telepresence option 4: To introduce the support of end-to-end eCall over IMS ### Response: option 4: To introduce the support of end-to-end eCall over IMS explanation :The Evolution to and Interworking with eCall in IMS work item introduces the support of end-to-end eCall over IMS.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How does the RNC indicate the UE selected core network operator to the CN for supporting UEs? option 1: By sending a Target ID in the Relocation Required message option 2: By sending an RRC signalling message option 3: Implicitly from an already existing signalling connection option 4: By transmitting it in broadcast system information option 5: By using the SNA Access Information IE ### Response: option 3: Implicitly from an already existing signalling connection explanation :The RNC indicates the UE selected core network operator to the CN for supporting UEs either by the UE in RRC signalling or implicitly from an already existing signalling connection.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is a requirement for ProSe Discovery to determine whether other ProSe-enabled UEs are of interest to a discovering ProSe-enabled UE? option 1: Proximity to each other. option 2: Support from the EPC. option 3: Authorisation from the operator. option 4: PLMN registration. option 5: Use of WLAN direct discovery. ### Response: option 3: Authorisation from the operator. explanation :For ProSe Discovery, determining whether other ProSe-enabled UEs are of interest to a discovering ProSe-enabled UE requires authorisation from the operator.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does NWDAF stand for? option 1: Network Analytics Data Function option 2: Network Data Analytics Framework option 3: Network Data Analytics Function option 4: Network Data Analytics Federation option 5: Network Analytics Data Framework ### Response: option 3: Network Data Analytics Function explanation :NWDAF stands for Network Data Analytics Function.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which identity is used for filtering of packets at the physical layer of the receiver in NR sidelink communication? option 1: CS-RNTI option 2: TPC-SRS-RNTI option 3: Source Layer-2 ID (LSB part) option 4: CI-RNTI option 5: TPC-PUCCH-RNTI ### Response: option 3: Source Layer-2 ID (LSB part) explanation :Source Layer-2 ID (LSB part) is used for filtering of packets at the physical layer of the receiver in NR sidelink communication.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What do the reference architectures for supporting Edge Computing in 5GS build upon? option 1: Reference architectures for non-roaming and LBO roaming scenarios option 2: Reference architectures for non-roaming, LBO roaming, and HR-SBO roaming scenarios option 3: Reference architectures for LBO roaming and HR-SBO roaming scenarios option 4: Reference architectures specified in TS 23.501 ### Response: option 4: Reference architectures specified in TS 23.501 explanation :The reference architectures for supporting Edge Computing are based on the reference architectures specified in clause 4.2 of TS 23.501.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the management service producer responsible for DV measurement control allow its authorized consumer to do? option 1: Request measurement data for PEE parameters option 2: Request measurement data for DV parameters option 3: Start and stop the collection of DV measurement data option 4: Fetch PEE performance data files option 5: Indicate the reporting method for PEE measurement data ### Response: option 3: Start and stop the collection of DV measurement data explanation :The management service producer responsible for DV measurement control allows its authorized consumer to request starting and stopping the collection of DV measurement data.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the QFI in the downlink? option 1: To indicate QoS flow mapping in RQoS option 2: To differentiate GBR and non-GBR flows option 3: To establish PDU sessions option 4: To determine radio interface treatment ### Response: option 1: To indicate QoS flow mapping in RQoS explanation :The QFI is signalled in the downlink for the purpose of RQoS to indicate QoS flow mapping.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications When does a UE start and stop PDCCH monitoring according to search space sets with different group indexes? option 1: At the beginning of a slot after the last symbol of a PDCCH reception option 2: At the beginning of a slot after a PUCCH transmission option 3: At the beginning of a slot following timer expiration option 4: At the beginning of a slot after a PDCCH skipping duration expires option 5: At the beginning of a slot after a PDCCH reception providing the DCI format with the PDCCH monitoring adaptation field ### Response: option 5: At the beginning of a slot after a PDCCH reception providing the DCI format with the PDCCH monitoring adaptation field explanation :A UE starts and stops PDCCH monitoring according to search space sets with different group indexes at the beginning of a slot after a PDCCH reception providing the DCI format with the PDCCH monitoring adaptation field.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Under what conditions can the target UE be positioned? option 1: Only if allowed in the UE subscription profile option 2: Only if the target UE gives explicit authorization option 3: Only if required by local regulatory requirements option 4: All of the above ### Response: option 4: All of the above explanation :The target UE can be positioned if allowed in the UE subscription profile, if there is explicit authorization, and if required by local regulations.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does a control-resource set consist of? option 1: Symbols option 2: Resource blocks option 3: Bits option 4: Control-channel elements option 5: Control-resource sets ### Response: option 2: Resource blocks explanation :A control-resource set consists of resource blocks in the frequency domain.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What were the RF requirements introduced in TS 36.101 for new CA scenarios? option 1: Support of Carrier Aggregation (CA) for mode-4 option 2: Support for 64-QAM option 3: Reduction of the maximum time between packet arrival and resource selection option 4: Radio resource pool sharing between mode-3 and mode-4 UEs option 5: Transmit diversity ### Response: option 1: Support of Carrier Aggregation (CA) for mode-4 explanation :The RF requirements introduced in TS 36.101 for new CA scenarios include support of Carrier Aggregation (CA) for mode-4.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which security procedure is used for RRC and UP security algorithms negotiation and RRC security activation? option 1: AMF SMC procedure option 2: NAS SMC procedure option 3: AS SMC procedure option 4: UE SMC procedure option 5: gNB SMC procedure ### Response: option 3: AS SMC procedure explanation :The AS SMC procedure is used for RRC and UP security algorithms negotiation and RRC security activation.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which power states are considered in the power consumption model for a BS? option 1: Sleep mode only option 2: Non-sleep mode only option 3: Both sleep and non-sleep modes option 4: No power states are considered ### Response: option 3: Both sleep and non-sleep modes explanation :The power consumption model for a BS considers both sleep and non-sleep modes.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What information is incorporated into the CDRs produced by IMS network elements for inter operator accounting purposes? option 1: Charging events generated by CTF. option 2: IOI identities received in the session signalling. option 3: Operator identification information used for IOI. option 4: Addresses and identifiers of IMS NEs and applications. option 5: Correlation information for the same resource usage. ### Response: option 2: IOI identities received in the session signalling. explanation :IOI identities received in the session signalling are incorporated into the CDRs produced by IMS network elements for inter operator accounting purposes.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which position accuracy can be achieved using carrier phase measurements in NR carrier phase positioning? option 1: Decameter-level accuracy option 2: Meter-level accuracy option 3: Centimeter-level accuracy option 4: Millimeter-level accuracy option 5: Kilometer-level accuracy ### Response: option 3: Centimeter-level accuracy explanation :The evaluation results show that, in certain scenarios and conditions, the use of carrier phase measurements in NR carrier phase positioning can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the NEF (PFDF) do after determining whether to create/update/delete PFDs? option 1: Invokes Nudr_DM_Query option 2: Invokes Nnef_PFD_Management_Notify option 3: Invokes Nnef_PFDManagement_Subscribe option 4: Invokes Nnef_PFDManagement_Create/Update/Delete ### Response: option 2: Invokes Nnef_PFD_Management_Notify explanation :The NEF (PFDF) invokes Nnef_PFD_Management_Notify (Application Identifier, PFDs, PFDs operation) to the SMF(s) to which the PFD(s) shall be provided.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications When does the need for NG-RAN to continue reporting the UE's location cease? option 1: When the UE transitions to CM-IDLE state option 2: When the UE receives a cancel indication from the AMF option 3: When the NG-RAN sends a cancel indication to the AMF option 4: When the UE moves out of or into an area of interest option 5: When Dual Connectivity is activated ### Response: option 1: When the UE transitions to CM-IDLE state explanation :The need for the NG-RAN to continue reporting the UE's location ceases when the UE transitions to CM-IDLE state or the AMF sends a cancel indication to the NG-RAN.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does BA configuration in the UE mean? option 1: The UE has to monitor PDCCH on the entire DL frequency of the cell option 2: The UE does not have to monitor PDCCH on the entire DL frequency of the cell option 3: The UE has to monitor PDCCH on dedicated SSSG option 4: The UE has to monitor PDCCH continuously ### Response: option 2: The UE does not have to monitor PDCCH on the entire DL frequency of the cell explanation :When BA is configured, the UE only has to monitor PDCCH on the one active BWP, not the entire DL frequency of the cell.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the ChannelAccess-CPext field indicate in Type-2 random access procedure for operation with shared spectrum channel access in FR1? option 1: Frequency band option 2: CP extension option 3: Frequency hopping flag option 4: Channel access type option 5: MCS index ### Response: option 4: Channel access type explanation :The ChannelAccess-CPext field in Type-2 random access procedure for operation with shared spectrum channel access in FR1 indicates the channel access type.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the charging extensions in the feature related to WLAN access in EPC? option 1: To enable QoS differentiation and better user experience option 2: To integrate WLAN direct discovery technologies option 3: To identify and charge for traffic transported over unlicensed access option 4: To enhance LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum ### Response: option 3: To identify and charge for traffic transported over unlicensed access explanation :The purpose of the charging extensions in the feature related to WLAN access in EPC is to identify and charge for traffic transported over unlicensed access.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What conditions must be met for voice call continuity during emergency calls? option 1: The source network is IMS, the user is moving out of coverage, and the target network belongs to the same operator option 2: The source network is IMS, the target network supports emergency calls, and the user is moving into coverage option 3: The source network is CS, the target network supports emergency calls, and the user is moving out of coverage option 4: The source network is CS, the target network supports emergency calls, and the user is moving into coverage ### Response: option 1: The source network is IMS, the user is moving out of coverage, and the target network belongs to the same operator explanation :Voice call continuity for emergency calls is only performed when the source network is IMS, the target network supports emergency calls, the user is moving out of coverage, and the source and target network belong to the same operator.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What are the types of analytics that the NF can request in the Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe Request? option 1: Statistics option 2: Predictions option 3: Both statistics and predictions option 4: The type of analytics cannot be requested in Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe Request ### Response: option 3: Both statistics and predictions explanation :The NF can request both statistics and predictions in the Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe Request.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does the NG-RAN do immediately following step 1a of the Connection Inactive procedure? option 1: Sends N2 MT Communication Handling request message to AMF option 2: Sends RRC message to suspend the RRC Connection towards the UE option 3: Sends Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request to AMF option 4: Sends N4 Session Modification Request to UPF ### Response: option 1: Sends N2 MT Communication Handling request message to AMF explanation :Immediately following step 1a, the NG-RAN sends N2 MT Communication Handling request message to AMF to indicate that the UE is transitioning to RRC_INACTIVE state.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What are the key functionalities of MDT enhancement? option 1: To optimize inter-system load balancing option 2: To enhance energy efficiency option 3: To improve mobility optimization option 4: To enhance network data analytics services ### Response: option 4: To enhance network data analytics services explanation :The key functionalities of MDT enhancement are aimed at enhancing network data analytics services.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Who decides on the service delivery in a roaming scenario? option 1: The serving network option 2: The subscriber option 3: The Home environment option 4: The network operator option 5: The user profile ### Response: option 3: The Home environment explanation :The Home environment shall be able to decide on the service delivery in a roaming scenario.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What role can the 3GPP network play in the selection of an Evolved ProSe UE-to-Network Relay? option 1: Control the selection explicitly through signaling option 2: Control the selection implicitly through provisioning of policies option 3: Pre-configure Relay UE discovery information option 4: Provision relay UE selection information in the Evolved ProSe Remote UE option 5: All of the above ### Response: option 5: All of the above explanation :The 3GPP network can control the relay UE selection explicitly or implicitly through signaling, provision Relay UE discovery information, and information in the Evolved ProSe Remote UE.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is one major limitation of Release 15 in 5GC that Release 16 Network Slicing addresses? option 1: Inadequate support for interworking between EPC and 5GC option 2: Lack of network slice based authentication and authorization option 3: Insufficient performance measurements for 5G networks option 4: Limited management capabilities for multiple tenant environments option 5: Inadequate performance assurance for 5G networks ### Response: option 1: Inadequate support for interworking between EPC and 5GC explanation :Release 16 Network Slicing addresses the limitation of inadequate support for interworking between EPC and 5GC in Release 15.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What happens if a UE wants to access the 5GS and is configured for Extended Access Barring (EAB)? option 1: Unified Access Control checks are performed for Access Category 1 option 2: Unified Access Control checks are ignored for Access Category 1 option 3: Unified Access Control checks are performed for Access Category 2 option 4: Unified Access Control checks are ignored for Access Category 2 option 5: Unified Access Control checks are not supported by the UE ### Response: option 1: Unified Access Control checks are performed for Access Category 1 explanation :If a UE is configured for Extended Access Barring (EAB) and wants to access the 5GS, it shall perform Unified Access Control checks for Access Category 1.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of Ethernet Header Compression (EHC) in the support of NR Industrial Internet of Things? option 1: To increase efficiency of Ethernet frames transmission over the NR air interface option 2: To provide redundancy over N3 tunnel between UPF and NG-RAN on a per QoS flow basis option 3: To support strict synchronization accuracy requirements of Time Sensitive Communications option 4: To maximize the reliability of transmission over the air interface option 5: To optimize handling of a mixture of URLLC and eMBB traffic ### Response: option 1: To increase efficiency of Ethernet frames transmission over the NR air interface explanation :The purpose of Ethernet Header Compression (EHC) in the support of NR Industrial Internet of Things is to increase the efficiency of Ethernet frames transmission over the NR air interface.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What controls the additional behavior of the SMF for 3GPP PS Data Off? option 1: Local configuration from the PCF. option 2: The list(s) of 3GPP Data Off Exempt Services provisioned in the UE. option 3: The ATSSS feature. option 4: The IMS domain policy. ### Response: option 1: Local configuration from the PCF. explanation :The additional behavior of the SMF for 3GPP PS Data Off is controlled by local configuration or policy from the PCF.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of the S8HR architecture for VoLTE roaming? option 1: To enable local breakout in VoLTE roaming option 2: To improve voice quality in VoLTE roaming option 3: To reduce latency in VoLTE roaming option 4: To locate all entities in the HPLMN option 5: To establish emergency calls in VoLTE roaming ### Response: option 4: To locate all entities in the HPLMN explanation :The purpose of the S8HR architecture for VoLTE roaming is to locate all the involved entities in the HPLMN.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of Network Broadcast Geographic Area Coverage Management? option 1: To provide privacy and non-identification of users outside of the MNO option 2: To restrict the reception of Subscribed TV services based on subscriber groups option 3: To ensure quality of experience for the TV service throughout the coverage area option 4: To support network capacity assignment for TV services option 5: To enable the MNO to authenticate subscribers before providing TV transport services ### Response: option 3: To ensure quality of experience for the TV service throughout the coverage area explanation :The document states that Network Broadcast Geographic Area Coverage Management is required to ensure the quality of experience of the TV service throughout the coverage area.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview How can UE power saving be enabled by relaxing measurements for RLM/BFD? option 1: By reducing PDCCH monitoring in connected mode option 2: By reducing UE power consumption during synchronization option 3: By reducing UE power consumption during idle/inactive mode option 4: By reducing UE power consumption during RAR/MsgB window monitoring option 5: By reducing UE power consumption during data scheduling ### Response: option 3: By reducing UE power consumption during idle/inactive mode explanation :UE power saving can be enabled by relaxing measurements for RLM/BFD, which helps reduce UE power consumption during idle/inactive mode.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does SN-DU indicate in the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message if SCG activation is requested? option 1: SCG deactivated option 2: SCG activated option 3: UE scheduling stopped option 4: UE context released option 5: Source cell group configuration ### Response: option 2: SCG activated explanation :If SCG activation is requested, the SN-DU shall indicate SCG activated in the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the definition of OTA Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (ACLR)? option 1: The measure of the difference between the actual SAN transmit frequency and the assigned frequency. option 2: The difference between the power of an RE and the average RE power for a SAN at maximum output power. option 3: The difference between the maximum and the minimum transmit power of an OFDM symbol for a specified reference condition. option 4: The ratio of the filtered mean power centered on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centered on an adjacent channel frequency. option 5: The difference between the DL RS power indicated on the DL-SCH and the DL RS power of each E-UTRA carrier within the OTA coverage range. ### Response: option 4: The ratio of the filtered mean power centered on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centered on an adjacent channel frequency. explanation :OTA Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) is the ratio of the filtered mean power centered on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centered on an adjacent channel frequency.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which flow directions should have configurable absolute cyclic time boundaries for infrastructure dedicated to high performance Ethernet applications? option 1: DL direction only option 2: UL direction only option 3: DL and UL directions option 4: IEEE 802.1Qbv option 5: Routing based on Ethernet header information ### Response: option 3: DL and UL directions explanation :Absolute cyclic time boundaries shall be configurable for flows in both DL direction and UL direction for infrastructure dedicated to high performance Ethernet applications.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What should happen to the traffic on a cell in energy saving state? option 1: It should be drained to other cells before the cell moves to energySaving state option 2: It should be doubled to increase coverage option 3: It should be terminated to create a coverage hole option 4: It should be redirected to a different frequency band option 5: None of the above ### Response: option 1: It should be drained to other cells before the cell moves to energySaving state explanation :When a cell is in energy saving state, all traffic on that cell is expected to be drained to other overlaid/umbrella candidate cells before the cell moves to energySaving state.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What services can modify the originating network's caller identity information? option 1: IMS Multimedia Telephony service option 2: OIP service and eCNAM service option 3: Additional timing information services option 4: User configuration services ### Response: option 2: OIP service and eCNAM service explanation :The OIP service and eCNAM service can modify the originating network's caller identity information based on terminating operator policy.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the purpose of CC5 in the 3GPP release 14? option 1: To support extended access burst formats option 2: To improve coverage in downlink traffic channels option 3: To increase the number of bits for channel estimation option 4: To increase the number of physical layer transmissions option 5: To improve coverage in uplink traffic channels ### Response: option 5: To improve coverage in uplink traffic channels explanation :CC5 in 3GPP release 14 aims to improve coverage in uplink traffic channels.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which feature enhances the granularity of RSTD reporting? option 1: OTDOA enhancements in shared physical cell identity scenario option 2: PRS based Beacon option 3: PRS plus CRS measurement for OTDOA option 4: Multipath Time of Arrival (ToA) option 5: Reduced quantization error ### Response: option 5: Reduced quantization error explanation :This feature improves the granularity of RSTD reporting, leading to improved positioning accuracy.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the IM-GSN in a GLR-equipped VPLMN? option 1: To handle location management of roaming subscribers option 2: To relay messages between home network and serving MSC option 3: To handle GTP signalling messages option 4: To optimize signalling traffic between PLMNs option 5: To provide IMS services ### Response: option 3: To handle GTP signalling messages explanation :The purpose of the IM-GSN in a GLR-equipped VPLMN is to handle GTP signalling messages.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What is the impact of mobility between a 5G core network and an EPC (4G) on the user experience? option 1: Significant impact on the user experience option 2: No impact on the user experience option 3: Minimal impact on the user experience option 4: Negative impact on the user experience option 5: Neutral impact on the user experience ### Response: option 3: Minimal impact on the user experience explanation :Mobility between a 5G core network and an EPC (4G) has minimal impact on the user experience.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which specification defines Lawful Interception functionality? option 1: TS 22.261 option 2: TS 23.401 option 3: TS 24.501 option 4: TS 33.126 option 5: TS 38.300 ### Response: option 4: TS 33.126 explanation :The definition and functionality of Lawful Interception are described in TS 33.126.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How can the lists of 3GPP PS Data Off Exempt Services be provided to the UEs? option 1: Through PCO during the inter-RAT mobility. option 2: Through HPLMN via Device Management or UICC provisioning. option 3: Through the ATSSS feature. option 4: Through a specific standard defined in TS 23.503. ### Response: option 2: Through HPLMN via Device Management or UICC provisioning. explanation :The lists of 3GPP PS Data Off Exempt Services are provided to the UEs by HPLMN via Device Management or UICC provisioning.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications In addition to 5G-based Ethernet links, what other ethernet transports should the 3GPP system support clock synchronization for high performance Ethernet applications? option 1: Coexistence of hard-RT and lower priority traffic option 2: Time-sensitive networking defined by IEEE 802.1Q option 3: IEEE 802.1AS option 4: Wired and optical (EPON) option 5: Routing based on Ethernet header information ### Response: option 4: Wired and optical (EPON) explanation :The 3GPP system should support clock synchronization defined by IEEE 802.1AS across 5G-based Ethernet links and other ethernet transports such as wired and optical (EPON) for high performance Ethernet applications.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the NotificationMessageSidelink message? option 1: To request UE sidelink capabilities option 2: To include the system information transmitted by a UE via SL-BCH option 3: To indicate the failure of a PC5 RRC AS reconfiguration option 4: To include sidelink DRX assistance information used to determine the sidelink DRX configuration option 5: To send notification message from U2N Relay UE to the connected U2N Remote UE ### Response: option 5: To send notification message from U2N Relay UE to the connected U2N Remote UE explanation :The purpose of the NotificationMessageSidelink message is to send notification message from U2N Relay UE to the connected U2N Remote UE.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How does a UE determine the number of repetitions and MCS for a PUSCH transmission scheduled by a RAR UL grant? option 1: By the number of RBs in the initial UL BWP option 2: By the SCS for the PUSCH transmission option 3: By the MCS field in the RAR UL grant option 4: By the PUSCH repetition type ### Response: option 3: By the MCS field in the RAR UL grant explanation :The UE determines the number of repetitions and MCS for a PUSCH transmission by the 2 MSBs of the MCS field in the RAR UL grant.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the Nmfaf_3caDataManagement_Fetch service operation? option 1: To configure the MFAF to map data or analytics received by the MFAF to out-bound notification endpoints option 2: To configure the MFAF to stop mapping data or analytics received by the MFAF to out-bound notification endpoints option 3: To supply data or analytics from the MFAF to notification endpoints option 4: To fetch data or analytics from the MFAF based on fetch instructions ### Response: option 4: To fetch data or analytics from the MFAF based on fetch instructions explanation :The Nmfaf_3caDataManagement_Fetch service operation is used by the consumer to retrieve data or analytics from the MFAF based on fetch instructions.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications In which case is the HARQ-ACK message transmitted on PUCCH? option 1: When the first uplink symbol of the PUCCH starts no earlier than at symbol L1 option 2: When the PUCCH resource is overlapping with another PUCCH or PUSCH resource option 3: When the UE is configured with multiple active component carriers option 4: When the PDSCH DM-RS position for the additional DM-RS is 0 option 5: When the uplink switching gap is triggered for the PUCCH ### Response: option 2: When the PUCCH resource is overlapping with another PUCCH or PUSCH resource explanation :If the PUCCH resource is overlapping with another PUCCH or PUSCH resource, then the HARQ-ACK is multiplexed following a certain procedure. Otherwise, the HARQ-ACK message is transmitted on PUCCH.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What does TsteeringWLAN represent? option 1: The timer value during which the rules should be fulfilled for traffic steering between E-UTRAN and WLAN. option 2: The RSRP threshold for traffic steering from WLAN to E-UTRAN. option 3: The WLAN channel utilization threshold used by the UE for traffic steering. option 4: The WLAN RSSI threshold used by the UE for traffic steering from WLAN to E-UTRAN. option 5: The backhaul available uplink bandwidth threshold used by the UE for traffic steering from E-UTRAN to WLAN. ### Response: option 1: The timer value during which the rules should be fulfilled for traffic steering between E-UTRAN and WLAN. explanation :TsteeringWLAN specifies the timer value during which the rules for traffic steering between E-UTRAN and WLAN should be fulfilled.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How does the UE determine the p0-PUCCH-Value value if it is not provided any of pdsch-HARQ-ACK-Codebook? option 1: From the pathlossReferenceRSs value option 2: From the pucch-PathlossReferenceRS-Id value option 3: From the p0-Set value option 4: From the pucch-PowerControl value option 5: From the p0-nominal value ### Response: option 3: From the p0-Set value explanation :If the UE is not provided PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo and is not provided more than one sets of power control parameters for operation in FR1, the UE obtains the p0-PUCCH-Value value from the P0-PUCCH with p0-PUCCH-Id value equal to the minimum p0-PUCCH-Id value in p0-Set.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview What does TSC stand for in the context of integration with IEEE TSN? option 1: Transport Service Capability option 2: Traffic Support Coordination option 3: Time-Synchronized Control option 4: Time-Sensitive Communication ### Response: option 4: Time-Sensitive Communication explanation :TSC stands for Time-Sensitive Communication in the context of integration with IEEE TSN.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Does a UE support a secure mechanism for the home operator to disallow selection of one or more of its radio technologies, regardless of PLMNs? option 1: Yes option 2: No ### Response: option 1: Yes explanation :A UE supports a secure mechanism for the home operator to disallow selection of one or more of its radio technologies, regardless of PLMNs.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Under high network load conditions, how does the network protect itself? option 1: By restricting access attempts from UEs option 2: By increasing resource allocation option 3: By encrypting all data traffic option 4: By prioritizing certain services option 5: By disabling identification and authentication ### Response: option 1: By restricting access attempts from UEs explanation :Under high network load conditions, the network may protect itself by using Unified Access Control functionality to limit access attempts from UEs.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How are charges for roaming traffic settled between operators? option 1: By means of the GSM Association's Transferred Account Procedure (TAP) option 2: Through credit pooling and balance management option 3: Based on the charges calculated for home subscribers option 4: By exchanging TAP records with each HPLMN option 5: By performing bulk settlement with fixed network operators ### Response: option 1: By means of the GSM Association's Transferred Account Procedure (TAP) explanation :Inter-PLMN accounts for roaming traffic are determined in accordance with ITU-T principles and settled by means of the GSM Association's Transferred Account Procedure (TAP).
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How does the NWDAF collect input information for PDU Session traffic analytics? option 1: By querying the SMF for input data. option 2: By querying the UPF for input data. option 3: By subscribing to UPF event exposure and collecting data indirectly via the SMF or directly from the UPF. option 4: By monitoring the location of UEs where PDU Session traffic is analyzed. ### Response: option 3: By subscribing to UPF event exposure and collecting data indirectly via the SMF or directly from the UPF. explanation :The NWDAF collects input information for PDU Session traffic analytics by subscribing to UPF event exposure and collecting data indirectly via the SMF or directly from the UPF.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the purpose of the N2 interface in 5G-AN and 5G Core? option 1: To manage the N2 interface configuration option 2: To manage NAS transport procedures option 3: To manage resources for PDU Sessions option 4: To manage handover procedures option 5: To manage the connection of multiple types of 5G-AN to the 5GC ### Response: option 5: To manage the connection of multiple types of 5G-AN to the 5GC explanation :The N2 interface in 5G-AN and 5G Core is used to connect multiple different kinds of 5G-AN to the 5GC via a unique Control Plane protocol.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which power saving scheme can potentially reduce the UE power consumption by reducing the number of PDCCH blind decoding? option 1: Triggering of PDCCH monitoring option 2: PDCCH skipping option 3: Go-to-sleep signaling option 4: Dynamic DRX configuration ### Response: option 2: PDCCH skipping explanation :PDCCH skipping can potentially reduce the UE power consumption by reducing the number of PDCCH blind decoding.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications How does the NWDAF provide new analytics to the NF in continuous reporting? option 1: By invoking OAM or NRF or UE Input data notification option 2: By using Nnrf_NFManagement_NFStatusNotify service operation option 3: By invoking Nnef_EventExposure_Subscribe or Naf_EventExposure_Subscribe service option 4: By providing the Validity Period option 5: By generating new analytics periodically ### Response: option 1: By invoking OAM or NRF or UE Input data notification explanation :In continuous reporting, the NWDAF provides new analytics to the NF by invoking OAM or NRF or UE Input data notification.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What are the optional inputs for the Nadrf_DataManagement_StorageRequest service operation? option 1: Formatting Instructions, Processing Instructions, DataSetTag, Data Deletion Notification Endpoint option 2: Formatting Instructions, Processing Instructions, DataSetTag, Storage Handling Information option 3: DataSetTag, DSC information, Data Deletion Notification Endpoint option 4: DataSetTag, Storage Handling Information, Data Deletion Notification Endpoint option 5: DataSetTag, DSC information, Storage Handling Information, Data Deletion Notification Endpoint ### Response: option 5: DataSetTag, DSC information, Storage Handling Information, Data Deletion Notification Endpoint explanation :The optional inputs for the Nadrf_DataManagement_StorageRequest service operation include DataSetTag, DSC information, Storage Handling Information, and Data Deletion Notification Endpoint.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What happens if non-SDT data appears in a buffer during the SDT procedure? option 1: The UE stops the SDT procedure and transitions to RRC_IDLE state. option 2: The UE initiates a transmission of a non-SDT data arrival indication to the network. option 3: The UE continues with the SDT procedure and ignores the non-SDT data. option 4: The UE transitions to RRC_CONNECTED state. option 5: The UE transitions to RRC_RELEASE state. ### Response: option 2: The UE initiates a transmission of a non-SDT data arrival indication to the network. explanation :If non-SDT data appears in a buffer during the SDT procedure, the UE initiates a transmission of a non-SDT data arrival indication to the network.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards overview Which service areas are considered for eMBB deployments in 5G? option 1: Outdoor and indoor areas option 2: Urban and rural areas option 3: Office and home areas option 4: Local and wide areas connectivity option 5: All of the above ### Response: option 5: All of the above explanation :eMBB deployments in 5G consider outdoor and indoor areas, urban and rural areas, office and home areas, and local and wide areas connectivity.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications What is the interfering signal for the in-channel selectivity requirement? option 1: An AWGN signal option 2: A CW signal option 3: An E-UTRA signal option 4: An interfering signal with a positive offset option 5: An interfering signal with a negative offset ### Response: option 3: An E-UTRA signal explanation :The document specifies that the interfering signal for the in-channel selectivity requirement is an E-UTRA signal.
### Instruction: Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation. Category :Standards specifications Which specifications describe the access technologies offered by the BSS? option 1: 36-series option 2: 25-series option 3: 45-series option 4: 48-series option 5: None of the above ### Response: option 3: 45-series explanation :The access technologies offered by the BSS are described in the 45-series of 3GPP specifications.