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hp0zgv
Data Collection Methodology
URL_0 The link above talks about data collection regarding TikTok. Is someone able to explain what the original Reddit user is saying from the line "they set up a local proxy server on your device" onwards?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxlddgu" ], "text": [ "By setting up a proxy server on the local device, they are basically allowed to listen to web requests from other applications. It would be like giving someone the key to your mailbox so they can look for coupons. Sure, they say they're not going to loot the birthday ca...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hp3xlk
how one installs a operating system on a computer without anything on it alteady
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxlu1bp", "fxlvp94" ], "text": [ "the short answer is that there's already something on the computer. the motherboard has a program called BIOS that does really low level stuff (like load the OS from the drive). An installer for the OS is on a disk or flash drive and the BIOS will load th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hp5zcn
I never really understood SSD/HDD IOPS
Like the title, can someone provide an easy to understand explanation of what IOPS are? I understand it's the number of "operations" a drive can do per second or something like that? But I cannot for the life of me relate it to speed When does IOPS become a bottleneck vs when does NAND Speed become the bottleneck
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxn4yd0" ], "text": [ "IOPS is used to measure a drive’s random IO performance, as opposed to throughput, or MB/s, being used to measure sequential IO performance. Random IO refers to the starting address of each IO being random. HDDs have a lot of trouble dealing with this type of IO pattern...
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[ "url" ]
hpbol2
How exactly do photographs work?
How can you freeze an image of reality onto a tangible surface?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxp9r4l", "fxp4c9t", "fxoztax" ], "text": [ "There are certain chemicals that are sensitive to light. When exposed to light they change colors (specifically get darker). To make a picture with film, you first have transparent plastic that is coated with a chemical that burns depending...
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[ "url" ]
hpe95n
What is sn API? And the differences between API and API REST?
Hello everyone, i'm getting into code recently and i have heard these terms a lot. Can someone explain what are they? And if you have a good source or tutorials to learn API, you can leave the link in the answer. PD: URL_0 has free courses and certifications about API, but i don't know ,if they are good and if would be...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxpu5e9", "fxpv210" ], "text": [ "An API is a way of making data available to applications. Say you have a database of useful information. Say, weather. You can't just send the database to anyone who wants it. Apart from practical implications, it's constantly being updated. So you host t...
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[ "url" ]
hpfmi8
What are carbon nanotubes and why are they such a big deal in so many fields?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxqfgaf" ], "text": [ "Carbon nanotubes are like microscopic straws made of carbon. You can't see them, because they are on the atomic scale. You can confirm their presence with things like Raman spectroscopy. Some people think we'll be able to make the world's strongest rope with it. Some pe...
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[ "url" ]
hpfq5s
How do sleep trackers actually lead to better sleep?
I understand what sleep tracking is. What I don't understand is how the data it provides actually helps you sleep better. Every time I think about buying one, I feel like it's just gonna tell me "you're not sleeping well" and I won't know what to do with that info.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxqgghu" ], "text": [ "Sleep tracking apps and features don’t help you sleep better because they can’t put you in bed and make you fall asleep, same as they can’t make you get out of bed in time. Those things are on you. But provided you can enact behavior changes like these, even if just sli...
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hpiruc
Are websites just like files saved on a server somewhere far away?
Windows specifies drive letters for everything connected (like C:\ for the main storage or E:\ for a flash drive) and I was wondering if web servers are kinda like "Drive HTTP" then a folder with no name on the root directory and then inside that nameless folder is millions of files with .COM extensions.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxrhe28" ], "text": [ "In a way yes, though websites are a bit different. Firstly you typically don't have millions of sites stored on one server, indeed even single sites like reddit are often spread across many servers to load balance all the users connecting to them. Your idea of a website...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hpjg0a
Recently, many scandals have come out about various apps secretly reading their users’ clipboards. Why is that such a bad thing? Oftentimes many people don’t have anything of value copied, so why is the clipboard specifically such a dire development?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxrnhj5" ], "text": [ "Some password manager apps use the clipboard so you can paste in your user name/password on a login screen. Monitoring the clipboard makes it very easy to collect a bunch of login credentials." ], "score": [ 11 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hpn3wf
how Google claims not to 'sell' your data, so what does Google do to give data to others, and what data is being shown to them?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxsh3br", "fxsgw9x", "fxt3dq8", "fxtn6th" ], "text": [ "Google does not directly give your data to anyone. They don't want to- access to your data is the secret sauce that makes Google ads more valuable than ads from other places. Instead, companies can come to them with an advert...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hpndl2
How is a new video game sometimes "ready to play" when less than half the game is downloaded?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxsjoeu", "fxsy9j9", "fxsjcmm" ], "text": [ "Some games are packaged in a way that gives you what you need to start the game first. The game is a bunch of separate files. There’s sound, music, levels, character models etc. if the game is set up for it, you can download the title scree...
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[ "url" ]
hpnxhw
why does traditional charcoal/wood fire ovens produce better pizzas than my home oven? It’s just heat isn’t it?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxsoqjw", "fxsoo9v", "fxspues" ], "text": [ "Its not just heat though. Those wood fired/charcoal ovens are HOT (like 700-800 degrees) and the pizza sits directly on the surface of the oven rather than suspended from a rack. This means it gets a very crisp crust, very quickly, with a h...
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[ "url" ]
hpvlnd
Why do remote controls still work but weirdly when the battery is low?
What I mean by weirdly, is for example the AC remote sometimes wont work unless I stand directly in front of the AC, and then I get new batteries and it works from anywhere as usual. Or for example, when my wireless mouse is low on battery, it starts skipping across the screen. Or my wireless backlit keyboard, I normal...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxu23aw", "fxu17nh", "fxu2e81" ], "text": [ "Remotes, or IR remotes in particular (by far the most common type) work by sending a very short sequence of infrared light, which is picked up by an infrared receiver on the TV/AC/etc. It's conceptually extremely similar to if you and a fri...
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[ "url" ]
hpxd1z
Libraries in programming. what do they help in?
I am trying to learn JS and I just can't understand libraries. What are different libraries like node.js or p5.js used for? Can we code without using any library? What are pros & cons of libraries?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxud3qx", "fxucvtm", "fxucw6y" ], "text": [ "Libraries are just pieces of reusable code. Think copy/pasting a chunk of code into your program, but better. So they help with pretty much everything. You can code without using them, but you'll find that you have to do a lot of work lots ...
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[ "url" ]
hq1tnx
what makes a computer slow down?
i absolutely don’t understand computers, so please bear with me, and please use words that i’d understand ✌️ (or at least explain what they mean) basically, i’m getting a new Mac because my current one is extremely slow, and i’d like to not make my new one slow, if that makes sense. so, what should i do to avoid making...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxv5z1i", "fxv5mmt" ], "text": [ "Three things can make a computer slow: 1) having too many programs open at once, 2) having more files than you need, and 3) old technology. My 2012 MacBook Pro, which I am using right now, used to be slow because it had a hard disk drive. Upgrading to a s...
[ "url" ]
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hq2dcg
if video/pictures are stored as a collection of pixels, how is audio stored?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxv8scl" ], "text": [ "Samples of the amount of the deflection of the microphone's diaphragm over regular points in time. So a microphone is pretty much the same thing as a speaker, except optimized differently. You can push on a speaker's cone, or pull on it. Pushing it positive values, pull...
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[ "url" ]
hq2s0z
Why did it take so much time to introduce dark theme on the most common platforms? And why do companies act like it was such a difficult task to realize it?
I mean, when they add dark theme it seems to be the biggest revolution in history, instead of saying "we are sorry it took 10 years to accomplish this pathetic color change"
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxvl0tu", "fxvjwbs", "fxvjyhz", "fxviaad", "fxw17nx", "fxwyegk", "fxwlb30", "fxvfqbk", "fxwnvwd", "fxvfhpb", "fxvv16n", "fxvii8d", "fxxu06t" ], "text": [ "Software developer here. TL;DR: Realistically dark mode is just much more complicated than...
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[ "url" ]
hq3py3
Why do game developers store assets outside the map rather than just spawn them when needed?
Hi everyone, I've been watching the 'Boundary Break' series on YouTube focusing on taking the camera outside maps on video games (in this case, Zelda: OOT) to see what we otherwise wouldn't be able to, and I've noticed a common theme. Developers seem to treat the digital worlds and assets they create as though they wer...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxvi9tn", "fxvij7z", "fxwwc69" ], "text": [ "I can’t give an exact answer here but I can tell you that in most engines, loading an asset into a scene takes a *lot* longer than moving it around the scene. It usually involves at least one round trip to the hard drive, some kind of deser...
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[ "url" ]
hq4419
how was old school film editing done? Like, aside from the veg basic two pieces of film taped together on reel, I cannot get my head around how titles, music, dissolves, VFX etc were done without computers.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxw1pvn", "fxvkk73" ], "text": [ "Imagine that you've got two projectors focused on the same screen. Now imagine that you dim the bulb in one projector while lighting up the other one. Now you dim the second while bringing up the first. Voila, you've just faded from one scene to another. ...
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[ "url" ]
hq5454
How does dubbed anime sync up with the camera angles so nicely?
I can’t find a better way to word it in title so I’ll try to give a more thorough explanation here. I’ve noticed dubbed (let’s use English just as an example) anime and subbed (Japanese) anime audio syncs up almost perfectly, but the sentences sound much longer to say in subbed. For example the character could be sayin...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxvqm1q" ], "text": [ "Because you only speak your language you wouldn't notice how different the sentences are, what the subtitles read is not word for word from the original dubs, they do change quite a bit to fit them, but the end result of conversation or context ends up being similar eno...
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[ "url" ]
hq75pw
Why are computer loading or installing timelines so intermittent in giving a correct time?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxw5fm7" ], "text": [ "Installations are complicated procedures that often involve retrieving, decompressing, and writing a large amount of files. The speed of these three steps will vary relative to each other from one computer to the next. Trying to estimate how long the decompression will ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hq7njg
How can advanced film cameras record so much data (IMAX, 8K, 4K) and the finished film only totalling to a couple of gigabytes in retail, when just my phone alone gets up to 3GB just recording 20 minutes on 1080p?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxwa3rl", "fxw73cn", "fxw85rb" ], "text": [ "Filmmaker here! So yes cinema cameras record MASSIVE files, all for the purpose of saving as much data and information in the image as possible. That doesn't just mean resolution, but dynamic range (brightness from the blackest blacks to th...
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[ "url" ]
hqcl9h
How do you touchscreens distinguish between human skin and other materials, such as clothing? Was it intensional?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxwzlh2", "fxx05hq", "fxwzpao", "fxwzz4q" ], "text": [ "There are wires embedded in the glass. If it's a material that can cause a short (skin is conductive) it will determine x-y co-ordinates from where the short occurs. Old-school touch-screens were pressure sensor activated but...
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hqd647
Question about how code turns into everything coded (computer screen, games, webpages, etc.)
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxx2mfp", "fxx8ce9" ], "text": [ "At the very basic level, the computer screen has a bunch of tiny lights on it which the computer code tells to turn on and off in order to produce pictures. Different lights are differently coloured (each pixel has a red, green and blue light) in order to...
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hqey20
when people get sentenced to the death penalty, why does it take so many years (sometimes decades) before the penalty is carried out?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxxd4zh", "fxxe0ta" ], "text": [ "There are a lot of oppertunities to appeal the conviction. We might find new evidence in the case, new evidence might show that the methods used in the old cases does not work as intended, new cases might show that the interpretation of the laws might hav...
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hqftn2
I’ve just read that “Vinyl like” super Solid State Drives could one day make Hard Disk Drives completely obsolete?
Apparently using 3D QLC NAND technology, “wafer SSD’s” could totally revolutionise the way we make Drives - What on earth is 3D QLC NAND and what is a wafer SSD please?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxxjze4", "fxxlbq8" ], "text": [ "Old news by now I think? * NAND - A type of flash memory. Not really important for ELI5 purposes. * QLC - Quad Level Cell. Each cell of the device can store 4 bits in it. Initially we had 1 bit, then 2, then 3, now we're up to 4. The more you try to squee...
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hqggmw
Why do some app’s features change depending on the device it’s used on?
For example: why is Microsoft one note able to have colourized text blocks in the pc versions but not only is it not an option on iPhone’s one note app, but it even omits the colourized text if added from a different device.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxxmahx" ], "text": [ "The most common two reasons would be: 1) Phone limitation: With all phones being different, some are able to handle and display features better than others. If my phone can't show multi colours, then it doesn't matter if the app offers it, it just won't be possible. 2) ...
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hqh9su
Why does the volume for the same show vary so much when you’re watching it?
For example, the speaking parts will be quieter than the music or the intro. So I have to keep adjusting the volume while watching a show. It’s so obnoxious!
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxxsknv" ], "text": [ "Badly designed, or your speakers/headphones might be optimised for different things which are more common in music than speech." ], "score": [ 6 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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hqikcs
Why do SIM cards need to have programs running on them?
Most sim card run JavaCard, a subset of Java. They also have the capability to have their software updated by the network provider. Why do they need this?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxy2278" ], "text": [ "Because that's what allows the SIM to interface with the carrier network. It needs the ability to update so carriers can push new data to the SIM because they're constantly updating their own network software." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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hqj57x
In video game piracy, how does cracking work?
I've heard of video games which have antipiracy software such as Denuvo. But how does cracking work and how does antipiracy software make it harder to crack those games?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxy466z" ], "text": [ "It really depends on the game in question - there are all manner of security systems in software. In the olden days, validation of the software's legitimacy was done by validating a license key. The games could be cracked either by developing a keygen (an algorithm that...
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hqk4wo
how do wireless wifi ‘repeaters’ actually work?
So I’ve seen some wireless wifi extenders or whatever they’re called online and it doesn’t make sense to me how they work so if you needed to extend your wifi, it would be most likely because for example a part of your house doesn’t get as much signal, therefore slow wifi, right? And since you want more signal you’d pu...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxy94m9" ], "text": [ "A repeater has a higher gain antenna than your phone or laptop or whatever, so it can pick up weaker signals better. But yes if you put a repeater at a bad spot it wont do much. So you should put it just before the bad spot where it can still pick up a good signal and t...
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hqrqzm
Is it possible to string multiple computers together to increase performance?
Or do the parts bottleneck each other? I thought supercomputers were just multiple computers strung together; do gamers ever do that with their PC's? Why wouldnt it be better to buy two cheap graphics cards instead of one higher end one?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxzninc", "fxznxmt" ], "text": [ "Sometimes yes, sometimes no. It depends on the problem if it can be solved in parallel or not. A task which depends on the output of a prior step cannot be worked on by another computer before the first is completed, so there are no benefits to having a b...
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hqshfx
Why do you still have to close files in order to move them to a different folder?
I've never understood why, even on Windows 10, that you have to close a file before moving it to a different folder. It seems like an archaic holdover from more primitive days. Why can't this issue be fixed? After all, you can now attach an open file to an email, something you couldn't do in Windows 95. It seems like i...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fxzthyl" ], "text": [ "This is intentional. The operating system knows which files still have running programs referencing them. Moving a file will invalidate the references. It isn’t enough to “notify” programs holding a reference to they file — a program might not be coded to handle such a ...
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hqszf3
How did early pioneers of the computer actually manage to turn ones and zeroes into something more meaningful than on and off?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy03vun", "fxzvy32", "fxzxbyg", "fy00ypc", "fxzvtlv", "fy06ryx", "fy049s0" ], "text": [ "Humans have been using the concept of using one thing to represent another for thousands of years. [Drawings on a wall represent real animals and objects]( URL_21 ). [Symbols on a ...
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hqun3l
Why are physical passports necessary in 2020? Why isn't there an optional system in place which uses fingerprints?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy0aw70", "fy07j9n", "fy0azg5", "fy0c738" ], "text": [ "Every country in the world runs their own passport and custom systems differently butgenerally interchangeably. This means that countries like Germany that could afford to use fingerprints only have to have passport technolog...
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hqw0j1
Why do government broadcasts have sign interpreters instead of just subtitles?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy0emym", "fy0eiol" ], "text": [ "Because American Sign Language is it’s own language that has it’s own unique grammar and syntax. Also there is a large number of deaf people who don’t read english well because of educational barriers for deaf people (particularly deaf children born to he...
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hqyjcn
How do lights in digital radios / alarm clocks / keyboards / etc, stay on for years and years without ever burning out?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy0svnw", "fy0sujn" ], "text": [ "They use LEDs at relatively low power. There is nothing that really cause them to burn out like other light sources do. Most other light sources like incadecent bulbs or fluorecent lights have parts that require very high temperature to give off light. Th...
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hqyvqn
what does the memory mean in a Macbook?
so, i’m planning on getting the Macbook Air and i don’t know if i want 8 GB memory or 16 GB, basically what does memory mean? will the computer be stronger with 16 GB?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy0u8x0", "fy20n9u" ], "text": [ "Your RAM or memory is what allows you to multitask. If you have more RAM you can have more operations as well as more complex operations running at the same time. It depends on how you'll be using your Mac. If you need heavy video editing etc, you'll want...
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hr3bar
How do you program the concept time into a software system?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy1ko28", "fy1lwyx", "fy1o34o", "fy1neh9", "fy1rg8u" ], "text": [ "There are crystals that when electricity is shot into them, they slightly expand and contract at a regular rate. This size difference can be measured.", "That depends on what you're doing with time. There a...
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hr5y04
How can significant changes be made to video games from beta to final product in a month before release?
Currently playing a beta of an upcoming game and have no idea if/how much the developers can change things when there’s a month before release. When there is already so much work and detail put into creating a video game over years, how much can really be changed in a month or even a few and how?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy22ll4", "fy28na1" ], "text": [ "The biggest changes are sweeping changes, like the algorithms used by non-player entities. The texture on that chest is just one of a zillion textures. It's not like changing all the textures is feasible, so changing that one needs to be for a very good r...
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hr89bd
How are sound and video perfectly synchronised in film?
I know that sound and video for films or other video productions in general are recorded on separate channels and then combined together during the editing stage so my question is how that process works and how do they achieve perfect synchronisation so one of them isn't delayed.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy2ijwu", "fy2ju14", "fy2kvxe" ], "text": [ "Have you ever seen those big clapper boards? Someone holding a board in front of the camera goes \"scene 1 take 1\" and the board makes a loud-ish and sudden sound? That sound is sudden, loud, and distinctive. And because someone held the b...
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hr8z8n
Why the ‘Bullet Time’ effects from the Matrix were created using hundreds of cameras all situated in a circle around the objects/people being filmed instead of one or two cameras that were setup to quickly move around the objects/people being filmed.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy2n3rm", "fy2vfem", "fy4ttl0", "fy47ph8" ], "text": [ "Uncertain, but I think it's to do with motion blur. A camera works by opening the \"shutter\", a physical cover that stops light getting onto the sensor (the bit that records the colour information), for a small amount of tim...
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hr9w9z
How does my computer prevent feedback when on a video call and my mic isn’t muted?
I don’t understand why, when video conferencing with two computers in the same room, one will pick up the other’s audio as feedback yet my computer doesn’t pick up its own feedback when I’m by myself in a room on a video call and the mic isn’t muted.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy2s948" ], "text": [ "Because your computer _knows_ what its sending out of _its_ speakers/headphones/audio out and will actually _cancel_ that signal out of anything coming in from your microphone. Same reason why a conference call phone or a phone on speakerphone doesn't have the problem y...
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hrarwj
Why are computer CPUs the size they are? Wouldn't making them bigger give way to more processing power without needing better technology?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy2y4eg", "fy31cy0", "fy2y40s", "fy30yce", "fy2xv7v", "fy3kzsb" ], "text": [ "Couple of reasons: - You lose efficiency, which ultimately slows processors down - You increase signal noise, which means that more resources have to be used to error check - You generate _a lot_...
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hrcn4z
How do weather instruments calculate where lightning strikes?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy3f06y" ], "text": [ "There are lightning detectors all over the world. The radio transmissions from lightning are very strong and can actually go around the earth several times. Next time there is a storm nearby sit in your car and turn on the radio, switch it to AM and tune to a frequency ...
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hrfdrr
How is volume typically calculated on devices like iPhones, laptops, TVs, etc...?
If the volume on your tv goes up to 100, is volume level 1, 1/100th of 100 and volume level 65, 65/100th of 100? Or is volume scaling at a different rate? If so, does this vary across devices? It seems with TVs especially, that there is often a point where the increase in volume from one number to the next is too drast...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy3wp1l" ], "text": [ "Usually it's because of how we percieve sound, and limits on the speaker hardware. For one audio amplification doesn't directly correlate linearly to loudness. It's logarithmic, ish and if you try and use a linear scale for volume it's bad. It's a pretty big mistake so ...
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hrfgzg
Why do you need to press so many buttons to start a plane? Can’t there be just one button to start everything in sequence automatically?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy3ydpn", "fy3u91u", "fy3uq7k", "fy42la3" ], "text": [ "You don't \"start a plane\" You start individual components that all are a part of a plane. These all are separate for redundancy and to give the crew the most options in isolating a problem should it arise. Let me summarize ...
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hrgnp5
why is camera zoom measured in millimeters?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy40l3z" ], "text": [ "Focal distance of the lens. Of course, the x factor of \"magnification\" is related to sensor size too. It's focal distance and sensor size. That gives the true zoom value. But to answer your question, millimeters is because it's the distance from the lens at which para...
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hrjfme
Why is it that watching movies at 24 fps feels completely normal and smooth but playing games at anything below 50fps feels rough, laggy and like it's having constant micro stutters?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy4ho9j", "fy4ho9q", "fy59kcj" ], "text": [ "Motion blur. A videogame generates a sequence of static images. Meanwhile, a movie captures real life images which naturally makes movements a little blurry, which appear smoother when played back.", "When you’re gaming you’re interacti...
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[ "url" ]
hrjnze
How was trance music and the likes made in the 90s, before the release of "user-friendly" software?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy4onh4", "fy4mjxl", "fy4nykp", "fy582hb" ], "text": [ "Others have roughly given the answer. But.... Most of us had minimal gear. A lot of things like the \"acid\" synthesiser (the TB303) were cheap by 1988. They were failed products. The tb303 has an onboard sequencer, meaning a...
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hrlie0
Why do newer apps take more resources even when doing more or less the same thing as before?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy4te5c" ], "text": [ "To cut down time in developing apps, a developer rarely makes anything completely from scratch. Instead they use a pre-existing library of tools that's readily available, and makes developing a lot faster, and a lot less complex. As systems evolve, more and more tools b...
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hrs5pd
How are aliens expected to decode the golden record on Voyager 1 and 2?
I understand that an advanced civilization would have to use science to decode them, but how would they be expected to decode something that is based on human-constructed measurements, such as the use of cm, AU, time in seconds, etc.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy5zrwx", "fy60033", "fy60nh5", "fy6beu4", "fy7c3er" ], "text": [ "The golden record tries to take that into account. It has a number of aspects of math that are assumed to be universal along side how we notate that in our language. It then tries to define our units of measure...
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[ "url" ]
hrtiba
Why do some software require a restart to work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy68s6o" ], "text": [ "It resets the software to a known starting position. Its a little like your kitchen as you make dinner. If you just finished making dinner and I ask you to make _another_ dinner, you'd say Uh huh. The vegetable peels need to be taken out, there's flour all over the coun...
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[ "url" ]
hrw8i0
How are bank balances stored?
Are bank balances stored as integers, a hash only the end user can decrypt, or a completly diffrent way? Could an admin in principle change his own balance to $1B?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy6tpkq" ], "text": [ "Generally bank and other financial systems don't actually store a balance. Not entirely anyway. Usually they will save all of the transactions that the account has had, and add them all up to calculate the balance. Sometimes they will cache the number, and usually it wi...
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hrxg9f
Why does European 50hz electricity translate to 50hz refresh rate on displays? Does this apply to 120hz displays too?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy755qn" ], "text": [ "Early televisions were synced to the AC frequency of power to avoid interference that would be caused by having them run on different timings. Even though we can design electronics better and make better parts than we could in the 30's, it's still easier to make display...
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[ "url" ]
hrzw21
How do we save an image in our computer?
How is it that we just right click an image and it’s saved? How does the computer know what to copy and how does it do it so perfectly?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy7e8b6" ], "text": [ "It might help to think of a simple image file as a little map and a set of instructions for reading the map! In the map part, the file gives the computer a grid and tells it, \"Okay, in this location on our grid, you'll have a red pixel. Right next to that one, another ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hrzxxj
How do jet engines work?
how do jet engines make a plane fly. and how do they spin so fast and loud?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy7eef9" ], "text": [ "Jet engines are basically two fans. One sucks air in and compresses it, while the other gets spun by the burned fuel/air escaping out the back. The back fan powers the front fan. Meanwhile, all of that hot air escaping out the back pushes the engine forward on their way...
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hs1li0
why are counterfeit items never perfectly copied ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy7q0q5", "fy7yn0j" ], "text": [ "As with most things, economics. The original manufacturer has an incentive to hold a high quality bar:. It affects their reputation and their product reputation. Investments in quality can pay off. With counterfeit goods, the manufacturer has little incen...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hs36lo
How does a dashcam work? Won't recording for a long time use up a lot of disk space?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy7zvb3", "fy80i9b" ], "text": [ "It typically overwrites the oldest files when the storage gets full. Therefore its \"infinite loop\"", "Different cameras have different settings. some have park mode that starts recording when there is activity on the screen. Others have a button tha...
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hs6oo0
Why is it than we were able to put men on the moon with a 5kb RAM but my game keeps lagging and heating up my phone with a 4gb RAM?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy8l1pp", "fy8l49u", "fy8o9ul", "fy8kg8f", "fy8qhcq", "fy8km69" ], "text": [ "Because your game is immensely more complex than the lander's program. The math needed to land is easy. The hard part is engineering the rocket. Also, graphics are huge.", "A host of differen...
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[ "url" ]
hsc7jf
Why can't you install a program as it downloads from the internet?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fy9jdx4" ], "text": [ "Think of it like a car.... You can't drive it if you only have the wheels. A program is made of multiple files all packaged together inside the installer. When you install the application, the files are extracted and put into the correct places. If you don't have all th...
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hsgjhe
what exactly a factory unlocked iPhone is, and what you can do with it
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fya99b8" ], "text": [ "It means you can use it with any wireless carrier you want just by changing the SIM card. Usually phones are \"locked\" to the phone carrier in question - wireless carriers give the phones away in exchange for multi-year service plan lockin. If you could buy an iPhone f...
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hshlcw
How do 1's and 0's and electricity tell chemical elements to move?
For example, a car or any other device with wheels moves. What I never fully understood is how the heck are they moving giant masses of sorts by that electrical and chemical process, and how rubber withstands that much metal on top of it. How exactly does data tell wheels to move giant pieces of metal? Is it the combus...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyafrha", "fyag74i", "fyagmp8" ], "text": [ "\"Data\" doesn't move cars. Explosions in an engine causes a rod on the underside of the car to rotate, which rotates the wheels. I would recommend [this]( URL_0 ) video on how an engine works, and then [this]( URL_1 ) video on how a cranks...
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hsiv4l
What causes that delay on cellphone that you hear sometimes where you hear your own voice back a second or 2 later and how can that happen if your voice isn't being recorded and played back?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyaq0yg", "fyau91d" ], "text": [ "Basically, lag and feedback. You talk, and because it has to travel to the other person's phone via a complicated series of telecommunications systems, it takes a second for the sound to come out of their phone. Then, the noise travels from the listening ...
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hsk1wf
Modern cars have parking assistance where it looks like a drone flies over it. It even works indoor. It even shows the surrounding in real, not just in outlines How does this work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyavylx", "fyawa2r" ], "text": [ "Wide angle cameras are placed around the car. The cars computer then takes it all and puts into a single view for us to see", "The car has cameras all around it, and the car's computer system warps the camera images to create an image that looks convi...
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hskenc
Why it's common to have two (or more) graphic cards in computer, but there is always only one processor? Wouldn't it help to have two of them?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyayjw1" ], "text": [ "It is common to have multiple processors, they're just built into the CPU package. This is what \"dual core\" or \"quad core\" processes are. It's not uncommon for a modern CPU package to hold 16 independent processors. And actually, GPUs are the same, but on a much lar...
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hslddh
Why do cheap quality or lower voltage chargers cause devices to heat up so much more than oem and higher voltage ones?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyb5dh0" ], "text": [ "Different types of metal have different conductivity, gold is one of the metals with less conductivity, imagine using it for cables? Well cheap or low quality metals can be used to make cheap or low quality chargers. Also keep in mind that energy can’t be created nor de...
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hsm8eb
Why were 4-speed automatic/manual transmissions so common in so many cars? What made them THE choice?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fybby4o", "fyc4wa1", "fybbs21", "fybalq6" ], "text": [ "It is possible to have 4 forward gears and reverse with only one layshaft and a reverse idler. 3F + R is even easier, only one layshaft back in the column days. To have 5 forward gears takes three layshafts. A 50% increase in...
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hspjfc
Why do some websites only work on certain browsers? Sometimes it’s only safari or sometimes anything but safari
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fybwabh", "fybxwb1" ], "text": [ "A web browser is a program on your computer that reads instructions, and uses them to draw things onto your screen. You can send a web browser any instructions you like, but it can only correctly draw using the instructions it knows. If a browser hasn't b...
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hspzsr
What happens if you turn a computer off while it says not to turn it off?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fybyxwi", "fyc14gf", "fyc1idb", "fyc9khs" ], "text": [ "Updates often have changes for operating system files. If the PC should lose power, some files may only be partially saved, causing system corruption, and potentially destroying the software. In such a situation, your only op...
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[ "url" ]
hsrvkj
How do trains work? Especially, how does the electricity flow between the power lines and the train, for example, while changing tracks?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fycgxjo", "fycjdtf" ], "text": [ "Trains run on DC, meaning that the one electrical terminal will always be positive and the other will always be ground. For trains, the positive terminal is the overhead cabling. The rails it drives on is the ground terminal. So when a train extends its b...
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hssra3
how does the internet go around the whole world?
I have basic understanding of hardware. I get wifi, kind of... But like, shouldn't there be cables in the ocean to connect our continents? But that's so stupid. How is it done?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fycejh3", "fycg6mx", "fycg5rq" ], "text": [ "There are cables in the ocean that connect our continents. Like 380 cables, over 1.2 million kilometers (745,645 miles) long.", "There are thousands of miles of fibre poetics cable under the oceans, it’s nothing new, there’s been telegr...
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hstf5x
I have a Reverse Osmosis water purifier and I've noticed that it has a pipe that constantly pours out 'waste' water. Why does it do that?
Can't it just purify all the water?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyci8wh", "fycipa2", "fyciygn" ], "text": [ "The machine moves salts and other contaminants from one section of water to another. The “waste” water contains everything that was in the original tap water.", "And do what with the impurities? The waste water is water that has everyth...
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hsupps
how does a electronic weighing scale work ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyct0ms", "fydpn22" ], "text": [ "There are materials that change their electrical resistance if they get stretched or compressed. If you attach strips of them to a metal bar, you'll be able to measure how much said metal bar bends. If you fix one end to a frame and put a plate for people...
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hsur9y
How come forging doesn't seem to have improved since the metal ages ?
I'm a huge fan of "forged in fire" and it seems to me that technology hasn't done a great job of improving this craft. I mean except for things like a power hammer, how is it possible that we're not able to control a quench. There are so many "castrophical failures"from what seems to be competent bladesmith. I don't un...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fycscat", "fyct64s", "fycrpda", "fyd2gzb", "fyct8uw", "fycy4gi", "fycss8v" ], "text": [ "Things like forged by fire and other hand crafted forging is more for the novelty than practicality. There are modern ways to make knives for example, but they don't make good TV s...
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hsvede
Has photorealism / hyperRealism in art always been possible? If not, what changed?
It seems that old masters also tried for realism. Is that not the case? If they did, how have people gotten so much better at it recently?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyd0atu", "fycvy1a" ], "text": [ "Its always been possible to some degree. However, photorealistic art wasn't considered appealing in the art world until relatively recently. And many artists still hate photorealistic artwork because its seen as lacking creativity. As counter intuitive as...
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hsvm4m
Why are photos and selfies different from real life? Is the mirror more accurate?
I notice this with myself and others. For instance, my face shape looks different in a selfie than in the mirror (or apparently real life according to other people). It's really unflattering. Why does this happen?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fycvrjs", "fycvq6r" ], "text": [ "Firstly, there is the fact that the mirror is reflecting your image. As this is the version of you that you see most often, it tends to be the one you prefer (due to something called the Mere Exposure Effect - we like familiarity), rather than the unrefle...
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hsvpkw
Whats the difference between OpenAI vs DeepMind?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fycx939" ], "text": [ "Deepmind is a company owned by Google (well, really Google's parent Alphabet Inc). OpenAI is a company owned by a non-profit corporation called OpenAI Inc. Like Ford and Toyota, they are companies producing products in the same space." ], "score": [ 3 ], "te...
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hsxmwb
if everything is registered in computers and databases, why do fake passports still work? Should they fail on arrival when read thru the machine? Like a 404?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyd9khm", "fydkqfe", "fye19ld", "fydza2x", "fyf9264", "fyf6zty", "fyfluk6", "fyfkvi8" ], "text": [ "Because as example the US customs does not have access to the \"British citizen passport database\". The data on the passport is the same as the written one, includi...
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ht5agg
I often hear how scary and dangerous Biotechnology (gene manipulation etc.) is or will be. Why is it that? What is so scary about it?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyeomhb" ], "text": [ "Normally I am just an observer, but this is a topic that is important to me. The truth of it is it is no scarier than traditional breeding methods such as selective breeding. The process that got us dogs from wolves. In fact many modern biotechnology products are safer ...
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htaujp
Why/How do programs get signed?
I'm a novice programmer and have been seeing around the internet this concept of signing an application. IRL, signing documents is vital to make sure some is legit and not a forgery and these signatures are unique to each person. In the computer world I assume it is to make sure that the program you are running is from...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyfp5vv" ], "text": [ "Very similar to encryption. The operating system contains a collection of “root” public keys linked to the private keys of certificate authorities. The OS provider then encrypts these keys against their own private key. When someone signs an app, they sign it using a pr...
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htbgkq
what's the difference between a pointer, reference and an array variable?
I mean I just started with C++ and they All look the same and it's so confusing. And sometimes a pointer is being initialized to a reference and sometimes an array is similar to pointer, I mean what's the point of other two then?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyft9ev", "fyfvsg0", "fyftzd8", "fyfw6e8", "fyghqjy" ], "text": [ "A pointer points to a memory location. A reference refers to to the value of a variable, and an array is a list of variables. a = 4 b & = a c* = *a A is a variable which equals 4. B is a reference to the value ...
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hte38o
What is "Inverter Technology" and how does it reduce electricity consumption/bill?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyg7fd8" ], "text": [ "answer : Are you referring to this ? URL_0 An inverter is an electronic component that changes Direct Current to Alternating Current. In the example I linked above, they compare 2 types of airconditioning. Type 1 (the non-inverter) runs on AC derived from the electricit...
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htf98j
how does “local play” on the Nintendo switch work? How can I play “online” with someone if I’m not actually online?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fygdng8", "fygey8e" ], "text": [ "It sets up an ad-hoc WiFi network just between the two devices. WiFi is just another form of local network connection, it doesn't necessarily have to have any internet connection involved.", "Wifi antennas can send and receive. Most home networks use ...
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htfan2
why some websites don’t let you remove your payment method?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fygic3x", "fygod9p", "fygog4c" ], "text": [ "Subscription services don't make sense for you to have an account but not pay for the service. How are you using Netflix and not paying them for it? Even if you wanted to suspend or deactivate your service temporarily (travelling, hospitali...
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htg4jq
Why are news websites (esp local) so horrifically painful to use?
Is there some explanation for how they got that way? Stuff like pop-ups, the page jumping around when you're trying to read the article, ridiculous paywalls, improperly implemented paywalls, the whole page absolutely littered with ads... It seems the rest of the internet figured out how to make a website, but local new...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fygiy87", "fygq8yz", "fyh3lzc", "fygj41r" ], "text": [ "Money. All those ads are how the consumer pays to use their \"free\" site. The bigger problem is that in an attempt to make what little money they can, they don't pay the web developer enough to make sure the site is as \"smo...
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hthsk7
Why do code systems have to be "maintained"? What happens that part of it suddenly doesn't "work" anymore? What causes a "bug" in the system?
I have no background knowledge whatsoever, so please forgive me if I'm not using terms correctly. This was prompted by a popular story I read on Reddit about a guy who designed a program to monitor the machines in a factory, was eventually let go, but then begged to return because the program wasn't doing its job anymo...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fygt71c", "fygxrf6", "fygtemi", "fygu7ut" ], "text": [ "Code, unlike physical objects, does not rot or \"go bad\" What typically happens is that software needs to change. Reasons for change include things like, we need a new feature, or we need to change how something works. When ...
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htjiyw
If I have 500gb/s internet speed and want to download a 100gb game, shouldn't I be able to download it in 1/5th of a second?
OBVIOUSLY this isn't how it works, but I honestly have no idea what it means for me to get 500gb per second and how that applies to real life.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyh4rzy", "fyh6j34", "fyh4htm", "fyh5eij", "fyh4wyk", "fyh4x87" ], "text": [ "It's a sly advertising method they use; it's gigaBITS not gigaBYTES per second. In terms of label, there's a technical difference between the lowercase gb (gigabit) and uppercase GB (gigabyte). A...
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[ "url" ]
htkphl
How is an Operating System created?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyhc52n" ], "text": [ "Creating an OS from scratch is a lot of work. This is much more difficult than creating an app from scratch owing mostly to the lack of tools to use to create the OS. Linux was not created in a vacuum. Linux was trying to mimic an already existing OS, Unix. It had the a...
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[ "url" ]
htma4n
How can some cell carriers have coverage in certain areas while others don’t? Do they all have separate physical towers? If so, how do small companies have coverage?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyhmbf1", "fyhskgz" ], "text": [ "Yes, you’re correct. More specifically all the big companies own at least some of their own towers. Others are privately owned and the cell companies lease space put to their own antenna on it. Multiple companies can have an antenna on the same tower. Sma...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
htmf0v
How do companies keep creating new and improved components for PCs consistently every year?
Is it all planned obsolescence or what?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyhmimy", "fyhn6s7" ], "text": [ "Transistors keep getting smaller. It's called [Moore's law]( URL_0 ), basically every two years or so computers become twice as fast because we can fit twice as much processing power into the same space. That extra processing power can be used for better ...
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htnro5
Why computer scanners have to "scan" the page? Why there is no scanner that works like a camera, you place the page on the glass bed, close the lid, snaps the image like a camera and done. Isn't that much faster?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyhv68m", "fyhvf66", "fyhvln3" ], "text": [ "There are ones like you described. Your phone can even do it. But the reason for using scanners with a bed of glass is to get the best quality. It ensures even light and completely flat with perfect 90 degree angle. Capturing the highest re...
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htq8aj
Why do old tv shows have such bad quality compared to old movies?
TV shows and old sports games from the 90s and early 2000s have such bad quality, like you can count each pixel on the screen, when old movies from decades prior have quality similar to what we have today, why is that ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyiap50" ], "text": [ "Probably from being digital. Correct me if I'm wrong, but it's a hell of a lot *easier* to 'remaster' and update old footage taken from film, rather than digital/tape or whatever." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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hturcp
What is 5G? Why is it supposed to be so dangerous?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyj4t9q", "fyj4hrw" ], "text": [ "5G is the newest radio frequency that will be used for cell phone networks. Like 3G and 4G before it, it's just another frequency, there's nothing really special about it, other than it's higher frequency than 4G, which means you have to be closer to the ...
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[ "url" ]
htwr4h
What is Django actually used for?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyjl3v4", "fyjn9uh" ], "text": [ "It's a framework. So imagine you're writing a website, and you're making a simple login form for someone to log in to an account. You could start from scratch, but then you'd have to worry about minor details like: organizing your application files/page t...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
hu193d
How can cameras take videos with 24 frames per second while having a shutter time which is far longer than 1/24?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fykc05h" ], "text": [ "OP, which camera do you know of that has this functionality? I'm not familiar with any that can do it--the only way I can imagine it working is with digital processing--taking much faster images and compositing them to make an effective (1/6) of a second shutter speed.....
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hu7dmp
Can water from a dehumidifier be made drinkable?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fylarqw", "fylgx6b", "fylc35t", "fylan3v", "fylk98b" ], "text": [ "> Can water from a dehumidifier be made drinkable? Beyond mold/bacteria growth and other such undesirables, dehumidifiers leave trace amounts of heavy metals (mostly lead) behind in the water which isn't great ...
[ "url" ]
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hu85fk
How come iPhones take forever to turn on after dying, while Android phones can turn on the second you plug in the charger?
Hi guys, & #x200B; I have seen a few posts explain why it takes a few minutes for a phone to turn on after dying while you charge it, but no one has explained why it's such a big difference between iPhones and Android phones. An iPhone takes around 5 minutes (depending on the phone) before it can turn on again, while a...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fylrmst", "fyll3yh" ], "text": [ "It's not specifically related to Android, since this is a low-level hardware function. Apple just decided (or whomever they chose to manufacture the charging chips) to require a certain level of charge prior to powering on and actually starting the OS. As...
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[ "url" ]
hu8pgs
Why do a lot of website login forms now only ask for email, and after successful submission, then they present you with the field to enter your password?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fyljz9w", "fylisqu", "fyljf32" ], "text": [ "For some addresses, the next step might not be a password! A big provider might have both individual accounts (which need a password) and also corporate accounts which are 'federated' with a number of different identity providers. The form ...
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hudd2i
Why do device storages(and ram) always come in multiples of 4? 4,8,16,64,128,256 GB etc.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "fymdysz", "fymhihk", "fymdna7" ], "text": [ "The computer needs to send a number to describe which byte it wants to 'talk to'. Just like we use base ten numbers, computers use base two. With one digit, I can represent ten values. 0,1,2,3-8,9 Computers can only represent two. 0,1 By ad...
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