q_id stringlengths 6 6 | title stringlengths 4 294 | selftext stringlengths 0 2.48k | category stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 1
value | answers dict | title_urls listlengths 1 1 | selftext_urls listlengths 1 1 |
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nndn4h | Why do most audio tape formats have two "sides" when each one is simply one-half of the same physical side? Wouldn't it accomplish the same sound quality and recording length, and be more convenient, to just record across the entire tape width at half the "double-sided" speed? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"Because then you couldn't listen to an album continuously. You would have to rewind at the end of the album like a VHS tape. (People put music on repeat much more often than they do movies.) Maybe also a holdover from vinyl having two sides, so it was sort-of expected."... | [
"url"
] | [
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nnefom | why does an MRI make so many sounds and why can’t they be quieter? Are the sounds test-specific? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gzu6uux"
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"text": [
"The MRI machine uses a combination of a strong magnet, radio transmitter and receiver. When the sequences are performed, electric current is sent through a coiled wire - an electromagnet. The switching of the currents causes the coils to expand making loud clicking soun... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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nnpboc | why web frameworks change or die overtime ? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gzvq1q9"
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"text": [
"Web frameworks are like cleaning devices. In the past, everyone used a broom to clean. When the vacuum cleaner was invented, it sped up cleaning and made it easier. Newer web frameworks have more modern standards and are easier to code in (usually). Old frameworks die b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nnpnpj | you know how a phone battery after so many recharges and years of use starts to lose its ability to hold a charge, is it a concern for electric vehicles in the future and their ability to hold a charge? | I'm asking because I've seen posts and threads discussing EVs here and there and mentions of as power grids incorporate more renewable energy sources the grids will yet more efficient and thus so will the EVs. Said threads also mention how the idea is for these cars to last 10+ years but I was wondering what about the ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"All batteries degrade over time, and EVs are no exception, in fact even combustion engine cars need their battery replaced after a while However EV batteries are quite large and you typically never use the whole range of your car every single day, and sin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nnzkbu | Why does internet upload and download speeds differ? Why is one faster if it's just a different direction? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"For fiber optic there's actually no difference. But otherwise, it's because there's a physical limit to the bandwidth in the cable. Most people download way more than they actually upload, so the systems are designed around using more of that bandwidth for giving them m... | [
"url"
] | [
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no52k0 | What are the differences between a database, data warehouse, data store, and a data lake? What types of software are used? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"gzybcnm",
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"text": [
"Let's say you owned a restaurant. A database would probably be used to store the transactions for the month or year. It might have things like the menu items and their prices and all the info you need for the day-to-day stuff. A data store might be a data... | [
"url"
] | [
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nocjq1 | why is it that adblockers kinda "expire"? | basically I got tired of adds as you do and got a ad blocker it work fine for like \~4 months then i started seeing ads again. later I downloaded brave browser turned on shields and no ads for around \~ 4 months then I started seeing ads again. so I came to the conclusion that google somehow detected that I was using a... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"It's a game of cat and mouse often. Ad companies find ways around ad blockers, so sometimes you will see some ads on certain websites for some time until ad blockers start catching up again. Also, you need to u... | [
"url"
] | [
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nofqdt | How does reverse image lookup work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"There's not a single way but the general idea is to first downscale the image to something small (like 32x32) and then use an algorithm that detects disctintive features of that image and encodes them into an even smaller value, it's like s... | [
"url"
] | [
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nooax3 | how the fuck do cameras work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"A camera has a very light sensitive sensor ( or in an analog case, film) thatight is allowed in very quickly. The brighter the light outside, the faster the shutter opens and then closes. If it is a digital camera, the light is recorded and... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
noxvix | Why are NFTs making money? | Why are NFTs selling? And is this just a hype or is there really a future in unique art that only one can have an original of? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h029vnf"
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"text": [
"I don’t understand how there is enough people that this concept exists. Who cares that you have an original gif or video of something? I’ve seen it too and downloaded the file to my computer for free. I think it’s mostly people who invest into the fad only for the poten... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
noxy3p | In public-private key encryption, what stops someone from decrypting using your public key? | Since you know something was encrypted with someone's public key X, and you know the algorithm, why can't you reverse the process using the public key and read the message without using their private key? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I multiplied two numbers together and got 34916677 as the answer. Without using any factorizing tools tell me which two numbers I multiplied together to get that result. You likely won't be able to unless you go try every number one by one ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
np016a | do satellites orbit the earth or are they held stationary by gravity as the earth turns? | My husband and I are both in the Signal branch of the army but have very different understandings of how satellites move, if they move at all. Do they go around the earth with the rotation? Do they move at a higher rate of speed than the earth? How is it that when I use my compass, I can use the same azimuth to find th... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"> Do they go around the earth with the rotation? Do they move at a higher rate of speed than the earth? Depends. The closer to the earth they are, the faster their rate of orbit is. Close to earn... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
np7hfp | How do companies that focus on space make money? | I understand that there are lots of odd inventions that we use everyday that come from places like NASA but I don't understand the point. What are we learning thats so important? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h03igqn",
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"text": [
"There are companies and governments who need satellites - everything from military reconnaisance to crop monitoring, mapping, weather forecasting, scientific research, navigation, communications and so on. Those companies and most governmen... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
np9h5e | If I completely shut down a computer and not use it for months, how can it still tell the time accurately? (given that it isn't immediately connected to the internet) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Most if no all computers have a battery backup for stuff like that. If you turn your computer on and the date and time is wrong that battery is dead.",
"A computer's motherboard has a battery... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npd44y | why around the year 2000 we had to put "www." before each website and now we no longer need to. | I am born in 1999, I remember having to write "www." before my website in the address bar otherwise it would not work. Later in elementary school it no longer needed to be done to access the website. What happened? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"h04fg27",
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"text": [
"In the early days of the Internet, it wasn't so clear yet, what everyone was going to use it for. Around the end of the 90s/start of the 00s, it was starting to become pretty clear that web browsers and web pages were going to be how most people and busin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
npen37 | How does a flash bang work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h04lrty",
"h04opbq"
],
"text": [
"Sensory overload. Creates a very bright light to temporarily blind people, and a loud bang that gives tinnitus (ringing in the ears) and disables a person's ability to both see and hear opponents, which totally disorientates them until they're recovered."... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npfge7 | When we download applications or software from a server, why are we often encouraged to use a mirror site, rather than the "original"? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h054efo",
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"text": [
"Let's say you owned a store that became really popular. The store only had room for 100 people in it at a time, but as your store becomes more and more popular, people start having to wait outside. You try to tweak the inside of the store and maybe you sq... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npgjl6 | Why on old cartoons, did a scenery object look brighter if the characters were going to interact with it? Why would the quality differ regardless? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They were being drawn in different layers. Old cartoons were literally drawn on clear plastic sheets like you'd get on an overhead projector. Character's movements therefore had to be drawn and redrawn for each frame. The bac... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npmx3j | How does software / firmware physically 'interact' with hardware. | I understand, at least at a superficial level, that integrated circuits contain many many transistors, which act as 'switches' for current flow. By applying a current to the transistor 'base' (or not applying a current), the current flow from collector to emitter can be used together with others for AND, OR, NOR etc, w... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h05xpui",
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],
"text": [
"The program is stored as a physical difference. From the moment the software is written to a computer (or read from a disk) it is already a physical voltage in the computer. All that's left is for it to move around via those transistors.",
"Probably e... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
npqcbe | how does a computer ‘read’ a disk? What exactly is on the shiny side of the disk that is able to be read and over-written by the computer and it’s laser and then play a video game? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h06elh2"
],
"text": [
"So Hard Drives, floppies, and most tapes are read magneticly. Think the disk cut like a pizza and then ringed. Each section is magnetically charged. It can be read as a 1 or 0. Lost of 1s and 0s can be converted to data. Disks like CDs and DVDs are a bit different. Thin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npsi0e | How is text to speech generated? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h06sh8r"
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"text": [
"The first thing you do is make a voice bank. In most cases this means recording someone say a whole bunch of words and sounds in different ways. Then you have to make a program that can look at text and pick the right sounds from that voice bank. Often this will just be... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npt7tu | Why do computers/art programs still have problems with sorting colours, even when they have explicit options for it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h06t4n7",
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"text": [
"For a computer, a color is a number. Traditionally they are stored as their Red-Green-Blue values, let's say \"0\" meaning none of that color and \"255\" meaning as much as possible from this color. If you now tell the computer to sort by color, it will s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nptuq2 | Why is upload usually much slower than download? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h06v7nm",
"h06ut6p"
],
"text": [
"In simplest terms it's just a commercial consideration; most people are consumers of data hence their bandwidth is down and rarely up. It would be wasting limited bandwidth guaranteeing a fast upload speed that's rarely, if ever, used. Those who need a lo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npvazy | How does the internet work in practical terms? On what does it rely physically? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h074hfq",
"h073trt",
"h07uyn3"
],
"text": [
"Physical computers. When you visit a website, it's essentially a set of files and scripts that you download and run locally on your computer. Those files are stored somewhere in the world on a server. A server is basically a big storage com... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
npybls | When we send messages and posts in places like a Discord server, where are they stored? Will we ever run out of space? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h07mv7h"
],
"text": [
"They are stored on the server of whichever messaging platform you're using. Discord, Facebook, and any other service has server space where they store everything you send. To answer the second question, probably not. They will just buy or build more servers."
],
"sc... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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nq2bz0 | How are phone numbers created ad why do they need a country code? and wont we run out of phone numbers eventually? what happens then? | title says it all. I've been starting to wonder about how phone numbers work. Also could i create my own number with it's own country code? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h08a5cl",
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],
"text": [
"In order to receive phone calls all the phone systems in the world needs to configure their systems to route calls to your phone number in the right direction. It is too much to expect to have all the phone systems in the world add all phone numbers in th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nqc0mm | How are solid state batteries different from current lithium batteries, and why are they better? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h09togw",
"h0a1j63"
],
"text": [
"Ssbs do not use a toxic liquid electrolyte. Without that, dendrites can't form and kill your battery over time, or short it and make it explode. They are safer, can last a lot longer, and can be recharged many more times than normal batteries.",
"Hypo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqkllz | Why do text-to-speech apps for nonverbal people cost hundreds of dollars? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0b1r5t"
],
"text": [
"Because that’s what the seller wants to price them at. The market is small, and they might be interested in recouping the investment quickly, there might be no competitors, or hard to get, substitutes are basically not having an app, etc etc etc."
],
"score": [
... | [
"url"
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nqoqyf | why nuclear bomb tests don’t cause nuclear winters and other effects from nuclear bombs? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"They do cause all the same effects as a nuclear weapon dropped in war. The only difference is one of numbers. It is anticipated that if nuclear war ev... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqr3ii | why do gaming laptops perform significantly worse on games when running on battery as opposed to it being charged? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0c4moa",
"h0c614w"
],
"text": [
"Running a lot of the components, such as the GPU, takes lots of power. The computer will try to minimize battery drain when unplugged, and thus won't fully utilize the hardware. I'm sure you can change this behavior in your power settings. However, your b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqtsze | Why does the magnetic strip on cards need to be swiped quickly? Why won't it read if inserted slowly? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0clt2z",
"h0dazo0",
"h0cmh7h"
],
"text": [
"The reader keys off changes in the magnetic field of the strip. You need to move fast enough that the change happens quickly enough for the reader to recognize it as a change. If you go too slow, the change is so gradual that the reader doe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqvdqz | Why does the washing machine take twice as long with hot water then cold? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0cwotf",
"h0cvn2p"
],
"text": [
"You could have a clogged screen on the inlet of your hot water line to your washing machine. It's an easy thing to check and fix. Turn off the water feed and disconnect the hose at the washer. Look inside the washer inlet for a screen just inside it. Gent... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqw6ez | Why are IPv4/IPv6/NetBIOS addresses and names needed in networking when every device has a unique MAC address? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0d1q9o",
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"h0dfua5",
"h0d2j87",
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"text": [
"The MAC address does not give any description of where the device is located or how you can send a packet to it. If we were all just using MAC addresses for all traffic then every router at every ISP needs a li... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nqy9us | how does “connected, but no internet” work on computers and other technology?? | for context, this just happened to my computer, and i’ve always wondered how it was possible for something to be connected… but not connected | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0dcdm6",
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"h0dgg47"
],
"text": [
"It's connected to the local router (like paired, similar to a Bluetooth connection), but the router isn't receiving any information from outside",
"It's a bit like roads. You can have a few dirt paths that connect your main house with y... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nr4hpu | Why do computer screen images look weird when pressed on but not just in text? | If you take a picture of a computer screen, and send it to someone, without pressing on the image it’ll look completely fine, but when they press on the image it shows a grid type of texture on top of the image. Why? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0ehvws"
],
"text": [
"I'm guessing by \"pressed on\", you mean zoomed in to full size? The grid texture you're seeing is what's called a Moire pattern. Your camera is actually high enough resolution to be able to see in between each of the pixels of your screen (and possibly even the red, gr... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nr7bow | Why Do a Lot of Small Files Take Longer to Copy Then One Big One? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0exyrg",
"h0ex9f1",
"h0ex7zk"
],
"text": [
"It's like the difference between sending one envelope containing a 100-page manuscript vs. sending a hundred envelopes containing a page of the manuscript each. The resulting manuscript is the same size in each option, but with the second o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nr80hp | With film photography, ISO was physically and chemically determined: big ISO = big grain, low ISO = fine grain. Why do digital sensors work with the same constraint? Why can’t we electronically have big ISO and fine grain at the same time? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0f0ajx",
"h0f1vfl"
],
"text": [
"With electronic sensors, the effect isn't really grain size & mdash;obviously the sensor pixels don't vary in size & mdash; it's the amount of \"noise\" on each pixel. In other words, at high ISO, the brightness of each pixel varies randomly from what it ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nredvu | What is the noise some cars make when reversing? | I always wondered why it sounds different from a “normal” forward drive. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0fwirf"
],
"text": [
"Most forward driven gears are helical, so they mesh together on an angle. They're more expensive to produce and require synchronizers, but they are quieter. Usually reverse gear is a straight cut (spur) gear, which is much cheaper to produce and doesn't require a synchr... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nrmjiy | why do downloads occur at faster rates along the download process? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0hcyef"
],
"text": [
"Downloads are done over the TCP protocol, and TCP gradually ramps up the speed until it finds how fast things can go. When you're downloading something you're constantly sending confirmations of \"yeah, I got this bit\" to the source, and the source throttles things dow... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nrwjej | Why do vinyl records always spin at 33 or 45RPM? Why not every any slower speeds that would allow for more music on each side? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0j3eoc",
"h0j3fyb"
],
"text": [
"There's a trade-off between the speed of the disc and the quality of the audio stored on it--if you spin it slower then less of the vinyl will pass under the needle every second, so to get the same quality you'd have to have more detailed vibrations in th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nrwrwq | How does chrome take 4 gb of ram? That is like 5 full movies. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0ji4e5",
"h0j719u",
"h0j8bs6"
],
"text": [
"Since the introduction of Javascript websites are not just content shown to you. Websites are full on programs - some of them very complex with thousands and thousands of lines of code that is run by your browser. Look at Facebook - the web... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nrz1fr | What does an MRI of the head make images of exactly, and what is it used to look at/diagnose? | Is there sometimes dye used in an MRI? What is this test used to diagnose/see versus for example a PET scan? TIA. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0ji0yh"
],
"text": [
"MRI scans are physically mapping the concentration of hydrogen, what this means for the human body is mostly measuring water and fat. They produce a structural image for example in the brain you can see all of the grey and white matter (and they appear different which i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ns2o5q | - How do applications like Google Maps and Apple Maps know when there is a traffic jam? Where does the information come from? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0jz4mz",
"h0k0z6j",
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],
"text": [
"Most people have phones with location sharing enabled. They can tell what traffic is like based on how many phones are on the road and how fast they are moving. This works especially well for highways. They also have a lot of historical dat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ns3vml | can someone give me an understanding of why we need 3 terms to explain electricity (volts,watts, and amps)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Think of a pipe that we're going to pump water through. Now ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nsfrdf | What does Data Roaming do? | Does it increase data speed? Should I have it on or off? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0m5zul",
"h0m5xmx",
"h0nxkyd"
],
"text": [
"Data roaming allows you to have a data connection when you're not on your \"home network\". For example, if your contract is with AT & T in the US, if you're on AT & T's network you're not roaming, if you're on anyone else's network (typica... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nsgblc | why do screens look weird through cameras? | I would post an image of what I’m talking about but image posting is disabled. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0m8wgy",
"h0mnvpm",
"h0nnshd"
],
"text": [
"This is a phenomenon called a moire pattern. Basically, the pixels of the screen are misaligned with the scan that your digital camera performs. It doesn't happen with non digital cameras.",
"Because the screen doesn't have a constant p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nsjp1y | Why aren't computer-viruses as common on cell phones as they are on PCs? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0nl9ws",
"h0nplvw",
"h0na5v3"
],
"text": [
"There’s a few reasons. The first, and most obvious is that most software is installed through an App Store now which (in theory) vets the submitted code. Things do slip through, but it’s not as common now. However, the biggest element is th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nsk4u2 | What does solder actually do in electronics? | I understand that part of it is for structural support, but what else is it for? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0mwi4j",
"h0mwrj9"
],
"text": [
"It is basically just conductive glue. It holds electrical components in place and allows them to conduct electricity along a path between them and the next components in the circuit.",
"It’s a means of connecting wires to wires, or wires to circuit bo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nsnu0d | How does the newly required vertical 911 location work? | I can understand how cell tower can triangulate using x and y coordinates, but how does the tower know z? I would have thought that would be something the phone would do but it's apparently on the carriers. How the heck does that work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0nmv04"
],
"text": [
"Carriers could already use GPS as a reference point for altitude if there were four or more satellite signals reaching the phone. To further enhance location accuracy, your phone has a barometric pressure reader. Pressure changes with elevation (this is also one of the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nsyeb2 | My headphones "broke" and now I don't hear lead vocals anymore and the sound quality is really bad - Why? | This is the 4th time any of my headphones "break" like this. It's really fascinating hearing the background vocals and...basically everything that's normally "hidden behind" the lead vocals of my favourite songs. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0rkvi9"
],
"text": [
"Your cord / connector is fucked. It's a stereo-mixing thing - the voice is usually exactly centre, and the music is around the edges. Your ground connection has broken, so it's effectively subtracting one channel from the other - filtering out what's common, and only pl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nsyzyf | How did they do color correction/color grading on film (before they used computers)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0pxi2k"
],
"text": [
"They didn’t really. You could control the RGB values by adjusting the printer lights. But no grading in the sense of how we do it today. Different kinds of film had different looks to them though. And lighting is a big aspect of how a film looks."
],
"score": [
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nt3pu1 | How does end-to-end encryption work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0q28u1",
"h0q3yak",
"h0q8ugf"
],
"text": [
"Your computer generates two numbers using fancy math: one of them is used to encrypt the message and the other one is used to decrypt it. You keep the decryption number private, but you give the encryption number to anyone who wants to send... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nt7udv | What is a transistor and how can 16 billion of them fit into a tiny microchip? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0qw4fz",
"h0qk7ia",
"h0r1syr"
],
"text": [
"A transistor is basically an electronically controlled light switch. With convention home electricity, you can compete a circuit by physically bringing a piece of metal in contact with another. But then come semiconductors. Normally, silico... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ntc8bv | How do spam callers mask their phone numbers to ones registered to someone else? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0rc8o5",
"h0relrd",
"h0rixj5",
"h0rjvp1",
"h0rggh0",
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"text": [
"When you get a phone call and a number shows up on your caller ID, that's not always because your phone knows which number is calling it. The phone that's calling yo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ntlpwe | Does a hard drive change its weight if it's full storage? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0skaat",
"h0sjt1a",
"h0skcf8",
"h0skhut"
],
"text": [
"No, it doesn't. Data is stored as electrical charge, either on the platters of the drive, or within the solid state memory chips on an SSD. Adding electrons to or removing them from sections of the storage does not alter the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ntn8ud | how does companies like Apple says ,,this product is non-repairable” but you can still repair it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0sswjc",
"h0suqyu"
],
"text": [
"There’s a big battle going on over ‘right to repair’ right now URL_0",
"Because they want you to pay three times as much for their licensed repair people instead of attempting to do it yourself. If you can do it yourself they don’t get more money out ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ntqee8 | How can modern scales not just tell me my weight, but also how much of that weight is water, muscle, fat etc. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0tb7yc"
],
"text": [
"They use electrical current. It's called bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). When you stand on the metal contacts on the scale, a small electrical current passes through your body. Different types of tissue offer different levels of resistance to that current. That ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
ntt6oi | Why aren't phones like laptops when installing operating systems ? | I mean you can get any random laptop install windows or linux on it and it just works but for phones you have to get custom roms specific for your phone. Aren't phones essentially same as computers ? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0tu9p0",
"h0u1s2u"
],
"text": [
"Technically this utopia is totally possible. This problem is basically a manufactured one. Apple won't let you do anything cos it wants the absolute control over your devices and the OS on them. Within android things are a little more open, you might be a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
ntuu0w | What are compressed and uncompressed files, how does it all work and why compressed files take less storage? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0u0gji",
"h0u1ka3",
"h0un3bk",
"h0umnna",
"h0u09gz",
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"h0vi52i",
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"text": [
"File compression saves hard drive space by removing redundant data. For example take a 500 page book and scan through it to find the 3 ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nu86tq | how are NTFs bad for the environment | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0w5xhf",
"h0w49bz"
],
"text": [
"NFTs themselves do not particularly use a lot of energy - they are simply a capability that exists within some cryptocurrencies to uniquely associate some data with a user, and transfer that association in a transaction. The environmental harm is not a re... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nub1h1 | How are large pieces of plywood made if they're even longer than tree trunks? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0wgoca",
"h0wggu7"
],
"text": [
"Plywood is made by gluing together large sheets of wood that are made by [peeling off the diameter]( URL_0 ) of the log, then cut to size and layered with the grain going in opposite directions,for strength.",
"Plywood is made by plying off a sheet of... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nubv9l | What's The Difference Between Software And Firmware? | Hardware is the part of the device you can touch, software the the part that makes it do stuff, so where does firmware fit in? Is it just a subcategory of software? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0wk74o",
"h0x1upw"
],
"text": [
"Firmware is software installed on hardware for the express purpose of telling the operating system or other components how it should use the hardware.",
"If you look at a Hard Drive. HDDs have their own circuit board with a processor, memory and motor... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nuc4o3 | Why can't anyone reduce an air conditioner or refrigerator down to truly portable size? | There seems to be a lower size limit for conventional, compressor-based refrigeration. The result is that portable cooling devices are always simple fans, or at best, evaporative cooling units. What prevents conventional refrigeration and air conditioning from working at sizes much smaller than a dorm refrigerator? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0wmn8m",
"h0wnp7e",
"h0wohp8"
],
"text": [
"Are you talking about walking around with a personal A/C unit strapped to your back and keeping you cool while you move about your day? The main issue is the fact that you'd basically be conditioning the atmosphere around you and net no ben... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nucc6v | How do spam callers call you from fake numbers with area codes that are relevant to you? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0wmpxw",
"h0wogc0"
],
"text": [
"The phone system is intentionally set up to allow spoofing the number you're calling from. Imagine you've got a business with multiple office locations. Whenever someone makes an outbound call, you want the caller ID to show your businesses inbound number... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nud63i | Why did old TVs require that the channel be on 3 before accessories like VCRs and game consoles could work on them? | Anyone who grew up in the CRT era of TVs remembers that you had to turn the channel to 3 before you turned on the VCR or game console. Otherwise, the picture would not work. Why was this so necessary? Edit: woah this blew up while I wasn't looking! Thanks for the replies! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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],
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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nuduvk | How do batteries 'store' electricity? I understand that if you put electricity into a battery, the electric stays there, but how does that work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0wvii8"
],
"text": [
"It's chemistry. There a many different kinds of battery but in general they have two metal plates, called \"Cathode\" and \"anode\" or \"negative side\" and \"positive side\", respectively. Between these plates is an unstable chemical that given the chance wants to reac... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nukaeg | why is it unhealthy to stare at phones for long periods of time (like on social media) but healthy to read books? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0xxa88",
"h0ybzhy",
"h0xwqze",
"h0y0hsz",
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"text": [
"Instant gratification is one concept related to this question. When reading a book, your brain is engaged in an activity that requires critical thinking and patience. To find out the ending to the book you have... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
numje5 | how early manually operated elevators worked | Ok so in the beginning there were no computer chips, and so the elevators had to be controlled via a dial manually inside the elevator, requiring an elevator operator, right? 1. Where was the power source? Was it on the lift or at the top of the shaft. If it was at the top of the shaft, how was it controlled, and if th... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0yd41l"
],
"text": [
"Elevators work like a pulley, there’s actually two shafts. In one shaft is the elevator, in the other shaft is a counter weight that weighs similar to the elevator. Both hanging on a cable. Then a motor just spins that cable which does as much force as you’d think becau... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nunz3c | How did the Antikythera machine actually work? | I know there were cogs that predicted eclipses but how do cogs predict eclipses?? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0yimps",
"h0yi2w9"
],
"text": [
"There's a fantastic YouTube channel where a guy is re-creating the machine by hand using only tools and methods available at the time. It's called Clickspring. He goes into a lot of how the machine works. Basically, all celestial motion is circles, and th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nus6q0 | What's the big deal about MIDI 2.0? | Why is the update to MIDI so important? What are the implications? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0zewaw",
"h0znl30"
],
"text": [
"MIDI 2.0 will enable a number of features currently not possible with 1.0, in particular, the MIDI signal can now be 2-way on the same cable, where previously you needed individual \"in\" and \"out.\" Because of this feature, the additional feature of \"p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nuudpd | why do digital thermostats have both heat and cool settings, as opposed to a singular temperature control | (e.g why does 70 degrees on “cool” feel colder than 70 degrees on “heat”)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"h0zm7e5",
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"text": [
"Depends on the thermostat, but generally cool is connected to an AC unit while heat is connected to a furnace. When heat is on the temperature might go above the selected temperature and when coo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nuw6l0 | How can IP Address be used to determine the location of the device? | I’ve seen social networks being able to track my device’s location “through my IP address,” and other websites’ privacy policy stating that they collect data such as IP address to determine your location. How does it work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h0zvaxv",
"h10y8oz"
],
"text": [
"Blocks of IPs are assigned to specific internet companies. Those companies publish Geolocation data for each of their network blocks detailing the general idea where the IP is located.",
"A little more clarification as this will undoubtedly become a b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nuw98g | How does Apple’s “spatial audio” or other “3D audio” work when there are only two speakers? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h10295h"
],
"text": [
"Humans locate sources of sound in space through frequency response cues (i.e., the bass/midrange/treble balance; for example, noises heard from far away will sound more muffled due to air absorbing the upper treble), the difference in time it takes for a sound to reach ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nuxuib | How does my tv service provider determine which channels I get? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h104uy9"
],
"text": [
"Essentially all channels flow (or can flow) to your box at all times and you get only the filtered ones, depending on what you’re paying for. The TV box has a chip in it that acts as a filter. Your TV provider creates a custom config for the device (your very own filter... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nuy7vv | How do phone calls work? | Like …. I get the premise of the receiver and the sound is transmitted via radio waves…. But when you say it out loud?? We somehow trap our physical sound inside radio waves which you can’t physically see or touch and that transmits almost instantaneously and someone can then hear it ??? HOW | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h108ihb"
],
"text": [
"To break it down at a general level: 1. Your voice makes the air vibrate. 2. The air makes a microphone vibrate. 3. The microphone turns the vibrations into electrical “vibrations”. 4. The phone interprets the electrical signal digitally. At this point, it’s sort of lik... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nv1s13 | How are status pages for major CDNs and major backbone providers designed to be up even though the provider is down? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h10zfwq",
"h10m0m1",
"h110s2l",
"h11u5jz"
],
"text": [
"The computational requirements for a status page are extremely low compared to a full website such as e.g. reddit or facebook. It's extremely cacheable, lightweight, and read-only. There's no user authentication or policy enf... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nvc0vq | How do phones (and other devices) show the exact date and time even after being switched on after a while? | My phone was switched off since the past hour and I switched it on right now and I realised how normal it was for It to show me the exact present time and date and I wonder how. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h12d5ye",
"h12c6wx",
"h12clmd",
"h12t308"
],
"text": [
"It has a battery-backed clock on the inside. You don't *have* to sync your time with the internet, and you don't always have an internet connection. If you don't, the phone still keeps relatively decent time while it's on. Ho... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvn82v | How can one companies 5G be “better” than another? Doesn’t 5G refer to the speed/strength of the connection? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h14736e",
"h14bnqq",
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"text": [
"It all has to do with \"coverage.\" 5G is a *standard*, agreed upon by industry. The only difference has to do with how close you are to a 5G-capable cell tower (signal strength), which determine... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nvrhi2 | Why do GPUs perform better than expected at higher resolutions? | I've always wondered about this but never found a satisfying answer that I could understand. To put some context and clarity into the question, 3840x2160 is 4 times the pixels as 1920x1080 which means one would expect a GPU's performance to be quarter of what it was at 1080P for example dropping from 120 FPS to only 30... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h14u22q",
"h14ugep",
"h14u00n"
],
"text": [
"Not all the computations done on the GPU is done per pixel. A lot of the computations are done per vertex. Since the scene have the same number of vertixes no matter if it is rendered in HD or 4K this part of the computation is the same. So... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvruuf | Why does the iOS keyboard periodically forget common words? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h15nruv"
],
"text": [
"I think it's less that it forgets it, and more that it values it's own damn suggestions more than what you're actually typing. It's one of the things I like least about iOS currently. Like, the autocorrects for curse words is one thing, but when it assumes one word beca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nvskdu | How do Proof of Stake (PoS) block chains not create a broken system where the people at the top hold all the power? | I’m definitely missing something really simple but in my understanding the point of crypto is to decentralise and move towards a fairer financial system. Does PoS not just reverse this and put all the power back in the hands of a few? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h14ycf1",
"h14yal0",
"h159zas"
],
"text": [
"I mean, there’s not much difference between Proof of Work and Proof of Stake. Big players that can have more “stake” could already do more “work”. Decentralization doesn’t mean that big players can’t exert influence. A 50% attack was always... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvta9v | How is the mobile phone signal different for each phone? | We always hear somebody say their phone has no signal. It's always confused me how some phones receive no signal yet there could be somebody right next to them with full connection and no signal interruption. I know the location, obstructions to cellular towers etc. are factors in limiting signal, but when both people ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h151uav"
],
"text": [
"Two phones may be subscribed to different providers. One of the providers may have technical issues or just have a cell tower far away. Additionally, two phones may be from different manufacturers and have different sensitivity to low level signals."
],
"score": [
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvwl9a | how hard drives work. What in their design creates the “space” or capacity that each one has? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h15leqc"
],
"text": [
"A typical hard drive works by having a number of discrete magnetic switches on a spinning disk. These switches can be switched between 0 and 1 using a precise magnet - think about an old record player, where the vinyl disk is the hard drive disk, and the pin head is the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nvwnqw | How does stealth technology still work for aircraft? | Stealth tech was invented decades ago, and the premise is that it reduces a plane's radar signature to that of something very small - like a bird, or an insect. Ok. Fair enough. How come it still works? Wouldn't modern radars just be programmed to look for the hummingbird flying at 600 mph? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h15kbhg",
"h15jurw",
"h15nps3",
"h15rwlr",
"h165au5"
],
"text": [
"The problem is sensitivity. How far away can a radar system detect a hummingbird? If it can't actually detect a hummingbird-sized object until pretty close (say 5 miles), then the stealth will have done its job... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvxa2y | why can't we just use some part of normal storage as RAM? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h15nw79"
],
"text": [
"We do. It's called swap space. It's a last resort because even an SSD is hundreds of times slower than RAM. A hard drive is a million times slower than RAM making the problem even worse. But honestly it's not needed as much in these days of fairly cheap gigabytes of RAM... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nvxxpn | what differences does lossless audio have on the sound of music, specifically on Apple music? | With the new release of lossless audio on Apple music, I'm wondering what noticeable differences there is to the music you're listening to. Is there a benefit/advantage to listening to the lossless version of a song vs the other? Edit: are there any noticeable effects for casual music listeners with basic audio equipme... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h15ttru"
],
"text": [
"The media itself is only half the equation. If you have your phone plugged into a cassette adapter in the shitty 2-channel 10-watt tinny radio of an 80s Dodge truck, you will reap zero benefit. Imagine it like hooking up a 4K BluRay player to one of those old CRT TVs th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvydbx | How much 5G cell tower radiation dissipates within 3 feet of antenna? "Read description" | I understand that radiation from 5G towers are not of danger to the average person, but rather workers exposed for long periods of time and close to antennas. But 5G towers have labels warning of not entering within 3 feet of such an apparatus. My question then being, how much radiation from a 5G antenna dissipates wit... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h16tbrs",
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"h160pz0"
],
"text": [
"Others have answered the power question, but I’d to emphasize that these transmitters are **non-ionizing** radiation. The only thing they can do is heat you up. They can’t cause cancer or mutate your DNA or anything else scary you could thi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nvzjjb | Why did thatched roofs not rot and collapse from the rain and damp? Or if they did rot, how frequently were they replaced? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h163lia",
"h17l9mr",
"h172dfs",
"h18ysfr"
],
"text": [
"They did rot, but because of how they are layered on the roof, it sheds water pretty efficiently (that's how they didn't rot quickly, water shedding ability and tight layering protecting lower layers) and a well thatched roof... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nwbsuc | Why do animated films take some much computer power to create but don't need hardly any to play as a movie? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h189ape",
"h189gzr",
"h18ag29"
],
"text": [
"Simple answer is that it takes a lot of computing to imitate lighting and effects, but the result is a single frame that is tiny as far as computers are concerned.",
"Do you mean 3D animated films for example? It’s because in film forma... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nwd5lz | the difference between the rockets of today and the rockets during the Apollo era? | Also, what has changed to make landing a rocket back on Earth doable as to before? Could it have been done with 70's technology? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h18j0wm",
"h18o6sk",
"h18j9qh"
],
"text": [
"Technically, the rockets themselves are not baaaaasically that much different, but it's now possible to put light, efficient computers on these rockets to perform the necessary control work. Back in the day it was not an option to put a hug... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nwi644 | How are synthesised voices (Alexa, Siri etc) made? | I’m assuming there needs to be a baseline with some voice actor, but with such a *huge* database of vocals and responses...how are ‘AI’ voices actually produced? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h19bbgh",
"h19vj43",
"h199lyj",
"h1auxy1"
],
"text": [
"There are several ways this is done. I worked in a commercial system in the early 2000s but not a whole lot has changed since then. Your idea is one of the more popular ways of producing natural sounding speech. A large amoun... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nwkwy9 | How do heat-seeking missiles work? do they work exactly like in the movies? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h19nxdg",
"h1a821r",
"h1ap422",
"h1adqrh",
"h19mfp8",
"h1bidd0",
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"h1bly69",
"h1bi0z1",
"h1aevmc",
"h19m0ip"
],
"text": [
"Early ones were really simplistic and just pointed the missile to the hottest thing it sensor could detect, be that a pl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nwpz4b | Why do software installation or updates always go very fast up to 90% complete, then the last 5-10% takes so much longer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1ajnt5",
"h1afh9n",
"h1afd78",
"h1axjf1",
"h1agh7z",
"h1b0aij",
"h1ceinx",
"h1aj9h9",
"h1bbrvv",
"h1b3t19"
],
"text": [
"You shouldn't really listen to anyone here. The answer is that it's implementation dependent. Maybe the engineer wrote it so that there... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nwrj84 | What is a register in computers? | I know when a program is running it uses registers to load and execute on data. However I keep hearing about hardware registers. Are there other kinds of registers outside of the CPU registers? May be registers that are available to other hardware modules or shared between hardware modules? I am thoroughly confused. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1ap7m1"
],
"text": [
"Registers are simply active data storage areas. Nothing particularly fancy about it. Registers are available in many types of ICs and come in many varieties. For example, you can have status registers, control registers, data registers etc. The reason to give them names... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nwukmi | what is HDR (High Dynamic Range) | I just don't get the technical explanation. It's not just a wider color gamut. It does something more/else but I just can't seem to understand it.. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1b84vf",
"h1b7vmd"
],
"text": [
"If a scene has bright stuff and dark stuff in it at the same time, it can be hard to photograph. If you use a slow shutter speed, so a lot of light reaches the camera, you'll get enough light to see detail in the dark areas, but you'll get too much light ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nx0kky | why does it take "up to 10 days" to be removed from an email list if it is all electronic? | You'd think it be instant | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1c5z3l",
"h1cj2hy",
"h1dwygp"
],
"text": [
"It is often instant. If they say it may take up to 10 days, it could be for different reasons. More legitimate reasons might be that emails are scheduled to send ahead of time, and their system doesn't edit the list of recipients for schedu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nx1gzd | How do prosthetic hands of amputees who were born without, or lost their hands know which finger to move? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1car2e",
"h1cadtg",
"h1dwcgj"
],
"text": [
"It's two different cases. If you have a hand and lose it, you have all this neural hardware that no longer works. With the prosthetic it's a matter of transferring that structure to a new outlet. If you've never had one, then you have to bu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nx7h02 | How does headphone impedance work? Are harder to drive headphones objectively better? | A lot of premium headphones require a lot of amplification to be heard, and I don't get why that's the case when many other headphones sound great even though they have low impedance and can be driven by something like a phone. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1ddjuw",
"h1dvjuf"
],
"text": [
"High impedance headphones were designed for recording studios where a bunch of people would have their headphones plugged into one source. The headphones were designed with high impedance so it wouldn't overload the amplifiers. Because they were designed ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
nxakb8 | What exactly happens when a WiFi router stops working and needs to be restarted to give you internet connection again? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1du1yl",
"h1dq8tt",
"h1e6t24",
"h1e3u8v",
"h1e44c7",
"h1e4vrx",
"h1dzqdc",
"h1e3vwe",
"h1e5sed",
"h1e0nrm",
"h1dz5kf",
"h1e7dzi",
"h1e68ta",
"h1e5qo6",
"h1e6tkz",
"h1hc5n4",
"h1e5ec0",
"h1e7153"
],
"text": [
"Routers are ess... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
nxf560 | Where do internet providers get the internet they're providing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"h1ecu5y",
"h1el3wn",
"h1eb1xk",
"h1eb9xc"
],
"text": [
"The internet is a communication network, not a substance. I blame all the silly water analogies for making a lot of people thinking this. They don't get the internet anywhere, the collective interconnected ISPs and the comput... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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