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63ov95
What does it mean to unlock your phone to another service provider? And why, depending on the brand, does it cost so much and take so long?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfvtlny", "dfvtofj" ], "text": [ "Most phones are *capable* of talking to other carriers that use the same networking technology. For example, in the USA, AT & T T-Mobile and I think a couple others all use the same GSM system. However, if you buy a phone through one of those carriers, th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63r9xt
Why do some sites restrict how secure my password can be? (i.e. no symbols, no capital letters, etc.)
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwec31" ], "text": [ "At least in some cases it is due to legacy systems that don't support better passwords running in the backend. Legacy software is old software, for which oftentimes there is nobody around who understands how it works. Therefore it is seen as impractical to change it." ...
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[ "url" ]
63rhk3
Why do CPUs have multiple cores, why not just one super core?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwg714", "dfwfeoa", "dfwgxtt" ], "text": [ "because one super core is not possible. /u/Pnuttn's analogy is pretty good. There are lots of cases where it would seemingly be better if they could just get one person or *thing* to do *all* of the work, but it's simply not possible. Inste...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63ry8i
What are the actual commands for keys on a computer keyboard?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwlqnp", "dfwo2m3" ], "text": [ "The keyboard utilizes a keyboard matrix circuit to enumerate each key. When pressed, a microcontroller encodes the key press event into a USB data packet and sends the signal down the wire. The USB controller in your computer buffers the signal and sends ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63rzig
What happens when websites/servers go down for maintenance?
I've always wondered what the staff are usually looking for during this period. Are they looking for cache/bugs etc? Or do they change some sort of code etc they want to implement?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwk01m" ], "text": [ "also alot of times its not the actual computer that goes down but rather just the piece of software that is doing the job. be it due to upgrades, patches or reconfigurations of said software that mostly requieres the software to be restarted or even terminated while in ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63t635
How do online retailers such as Amazon and Ebay confirm the legitimacy of their luxury items?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwz664", "dfwz7t4", "dfwzm2x" ], "text": [ "In short they don't. They're just a middle man. Some of the sellers on those sites depend on their reputation. The others can use escrow or just wait for someone who doesn't care. Others, for very high end and rare items, can use escrow. Th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63tq8x
if my camera has 15 megapixels, why can't it shoot 15 MP video?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwwco9", "dfwzc9n" ], "text": [ "The way a CCD works is that every pixel will work as both a photo sensor and a tiny memory that holds one value. So when you close the shutter the content of the image is stored on the CCD itself. However then comes the hard job of dumping the content of ...
[ "url" ]
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63tzr2
The implications for police and law enforcement with the decision to allow the sale of our internet histories
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfwy8ne" ], "text": [ "No implication. You can't buy individual people's internet histories, you can only buy anonymous data sorted by geographic region. Like 'people in zip code 90312 visited URL_0 12 million times.'" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [ "reddit.com" ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63u2jq
Why is there no optical video cable out yet?
There's audio but why not video or both like and HDMI cable.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfx08al" ], "text": [ "I think the better question is why would you want an optical video cable? I don't see any upside. HDMI is perfectly capable of carrying video and audio signals and is the de-facto standard for connecting digital AV equipment these days." ], "score": [ 3 ], "...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
63ug3d
Why aren't there self-driving trains even though they should be easier to make than self-driving cars?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfx1ysb" ], "text": [ "There are self driving trains. Most subway trains are automated. The conductor is only there to pull an emergency switch." ], "score": [ 7 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
640hsq
how come my phone can act as a hotspot for mobile internet but not wifi
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfydr35" ], "text": [ "Effectively, what you're talking about there is using your phone as a type of router - which is pretty much what it does when it's in use as a hotspot. A router transfers traffic between two or more network interfaces - in the case of your phone as a hotspot, it uses th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
640rtz
Is the Back-end same for website,desktop web applications(antivirus software for example) and mobile applications(Instagram for example)
Hello,the back-end of a website is a collection of files(If I am not wrong).Is it the same for desktop web applications(like antivirus software like Kaspersky) and Mobile apps(like Whatsapp/Instagram) too? Excuse my english and Techie knowledge,I'm an adult noob.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfygdln" ], "text": [ "generally yes For something like a website, the backend is generally one system. and the front end is designed to function different based on resolution / platform. however for something like kaspersky there may be various levels of back end system. in that you share th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
640xv9
Why are androids apparently better for treating autism than fellow human beings?
I've been seeing a lot of news about androids being applied for treating children with social disorders like autism (I can send a few sources on request) and while I understand that is likely just scientists advertising a small subset of an android's potential to garner more funding, I don't really understand what it i...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfyid85", "dfyjwrk" ], "text": [ "Robots have infinite patience, they can do the same thing over and over indefinitely. Autistic people are sensitive to changes in routine or procedure, and robots don't accidentally do that. Robots aren't replacing psychiatrists, but giving them more pati...
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[ "url" ]
641hf8
Why hasn't simple text modifications like italics or bold print been implemented in mobile phone texting?
It seems silly that now, where everyone has a mini computer in their pocket, I can't make a word I'm trying to emphasize over text italic. Is there some sort of restriction because of the infrastructure texting was built on?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfyneb6" ], "text": [ "> Is there some sort of restriction because of the infrastructure texting was built on? Yes. Text messages have a standard amount of data they can use and that data doesn't have enough space in it to allow you to encode extra information like italics or bold etc. It wou...
[ "url" ]
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641sb3
Why are residential solar panels common, but not wind turbines? Or water wheels for people who live by rivers?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfyq73s", "dfypvza" ], "text": [ "You can buy them, but they are usually quite expensive. After all, they need to be durable in order to run for years. But the real problem is that ground level wind is a lot weaker than at the altitude that real wind turbines are positioned, so you're not...
[ "url" ]
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6424as
This image of a Tomahawk Missile before and during detonation.
[Link]( URL_0 ) Why is the plane on fire before it appears the explosion has reached it?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfysjcd", "dfyst2o", "dfysroj" ], "text": [ "The thermal pulse moves *much* faster than the supersonic blast wave and fireball. In other words, because it's so close it was subjected to an incredible amount of heat and burst into flames. Moments later it would be blasted apart by the ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
644vao
What happens if you turn your PC off during an update when it says to not turn off your PC?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfzfvxf", "dfzfnni" ], "text": [ "When a computer is applying an update, it is rewriting some critical system files that contain instructions for it's basic operations. Imagine if you are writing something and someone bumps your hand or steals your paper. It would mess up what you are wri...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
646h9o
Why can only one app at a time use my camera in windows?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfzsqgf" ], "text": [ "No fundamental reason. Software such as [ManyCam]( URL_0 ) lets you do this, as well as the opposite (combining several cameras into one big supercamera source). It's just not included free with Windows because it's not a very popular feature." ], "score": [ 3 ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
647bb1
Why do websites use infinite scrolling?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dfzx1kk" ], "text": [ "It's better for the user experience and keeping the user on the site. Repeatedly having to click and move your mouse on every page is annoying. Just scrolling to then automatically load more content is quicker and more convenient, and also encourages the user to stay on...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
647kp3
What is the difference between Intel's i3, i5 and i7 processors?
If they were all the same clock speed, for example, what would be the differences? *edit: I don't know the correct terminology. By clock speed I meant, say they are all 2.0GHz, for sake of argument.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg04soq", "dfzz64k" ], "text": [ "Celeron, Pentium, and Core i3/5/7 are all marketing brand names by Intel. They are not guaranteed to relate to any particular hardware specification or performance. In particular a 'Core i5' in an ultra-slim laptop will usually be lower performance than a...
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647xs8
Why before USB-C technologies like HDMI, USB-A/C, etc. weren't all manufactured to work with the same port? If not at least by one company who had the patents to do so?
Edit: I meant "USB-A/B, etc..." I really am 5, apparently.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg07zt1" ], "text": [ "That situation is historically grown: We started with non-digital technology where different usecases required different connectors. Usually you only needed one type of connector per use, as you e.g. had only one printer. If you needed more of a type, you could use exte...
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[ "url" ]
6491ek
Why do automotive map updates cost so much?
I am talking about the navigation map UPDATEs. Honda's are like $150. This frosts my gord. Why does this cost this much?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg0aetd" ], "text": [ "This has two parts: 1. Keeping the maps updated is expensive. 2. If you have the navigation of a certain brand, you are forced to buy for that type of device. Which means they can dictate the prices and you are either forced to pay them or live with an outdated map. In ...
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[ "url" ]
64alvs
How do traffic lights sense approaching cars?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg0o5be", "dg0xjur" ], "text": [ "Some do not, older traffic lights were either operated manually or put on an automatic timer that would switch the lights in a given pattern. As the years passed on we've developed newer technology and you'll see some of them implimented on highways natio...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64b36b
How can imgur keep images forever?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg0sbb6" ], "text": [ "Cost? Not very high at all. Hell, a 1 terabyte hard drive cost about $50. A quick Google search says about 310,000 pics per 1 TB. 100 TB will hold about 3 billion pics. Which at normal cost of 100 1 TB. Hard drives would cost 5k. Now if you bought all that at whole sale...
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[ "url" ]
64cko7
Why CPU clock speeds havent seen major increase even tough we made major improvements on nm scale?
It's always around 2.8GHZ to 3.5 GHZ. Why there are no 10GHZ or so? Please explain thank you :)
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg133ql", "dg174e0", "dg18ko0", "dg159k6" ], "text": [ "You cannot cheat physics. Every CPU has a clock that lets it synchronize its internal workings. The higher the clock the more operations can the proccesing unit perform in a unit of time. This value cannot be infinite because...
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64cl83
Why do films from the 70s-early 00s look so much better, richer than ones produced today?
I do not know the technical terms for what I'm describing, but it seems that film and TV shot in the 70s-90s look so much better than the ones shot today...what's the reason behind this?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg1348l", "dg1corz" ], "text": [ "I don't know if I can identify one thing that makes twenty or thirty years of movies similar to each other, but nowadays they really love to do color correction on everything. A few examples of this done obviously for artistic reasons are *The Matrix* tri...
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64cv4u
Why are cell towers so big?
How are cell phones able to upload data to a cell tower when the antenna is smaller than my thumb, whereas mobile towers are huge in comparison?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg15imh" ], "text": [ "Hi :-) - The tower's antennas are on a higher location in order to be able to service a larger area. - The antenna transmits at higher power than your phone. Especially for data, it's more important to receive than sending. E.g. with HSDPA / 3G+, it's 3.6-13.98 Mbit/s f...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64d6lf
Why do people think the moon landing was faked?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg1cj4d", "dg17h58", "dg1iel1", "dg1d3nv", "dg1o14x", "dg1ap5w", "dg1im2l", "dg177n9", "dg1f527", "dg1oguo" ], "text": [ "There is no concrete \"answer\" to this question. But the best explanation I've heard for this denial of established facts is that it's...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64e0ht
Why can we get electricity from wind on earth, but planes do not have small wind turbines to lower gas and electric costs?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg1emaj", "dg1dtvm", "dg1ecdn", "dg1e02t", "dg1l7p3", "dg1tj91" ], "text": [ "This has been answered well by other people, and as has been pointed out, it's all to do with aerodynamics and efficiency, but there is something they havn't mentioned: Some aircraft actually DO ...
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[ "url" ]
64ev6h
Why did older CRT monitors for computers typically work in a black background with green text?
Why didn't they use white on black since that would give them a higher contrast?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg1r7go", "dg1lwpn", "dg1lw53" ], "text": [ "[Green P1 phosphors ]( URL_0 ) had long persistence (decay time). Amber P3 was medium persistence. White P4 was faster. Longer persistence meant your video could be at a lower frame rate without flicker. Nobody was watching videos or playin...
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[ "url" ]
64h76k
Why do video games crash and stop working, rather than produce an error and move on?
For example, if the game is told to do something with an object that doesn't exist, why does the entire game need to stop? Couldn't it function without moving the non-existent object?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg25pza", "dg24l1d", "dg25r7e", "dg24w6u", "dg2hf7f" ], "text": [ "I'm speaking from a general programming standpoint, not as a game dev, so my information may be inaccurate. That being said: Programs that crash do so because they try to execute an impossible action. Either di...
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[ "url" ]
64i3ou
How do they measure direction while in space since there's no north, south, east, or west?
And if they use a 360 heading, what is the center point and what about lateral movements?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg2c8xd" ], "text": [ "It's by using the 360 degree twice. For instance; if you are in a spaceship heading directly forward, you would be on a heading of \"Zero point Zero\". If you wanted to travel to something on your immediate right, it would be 90 point zero. Of you wanted to go to your i...
[ "url" ]
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64jk0h
Why is a telecom/ISP selling your usage information any worse than Reddit doing so?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg2l0pu", "dg2leb9" ], "text": [ "I don't have to go to reddit. If I want internet, I have to buy it from someone who is then going to sell my information", "Instead of the internet pretend you're sending information via the post office. You agree to correspond with Reddit and mail th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64kt9p
Why AC ads show mostly 24° C on their display?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg2xb2d", "dg303cc", "dg2w8r6" ], "text": [ "Are you from a warmer climate? 24 degrees is considered the highest 'comfortable' range for people. If you live in a warm area, the ads will suggest the highest livable temperature to seem relatable.", "The cooling temperature for peak ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64lbf5
What's going on with LastPass?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg34uwi", "dg30nuu" ], "text": [ "One of the worlds most respected security researchers (@taviso) took a look at their product and found some vulnerabilities. He responsibly disclosed them, and allowed LP to fix them before releasing the bugs publicly. URL_0 The issues were resolved.", ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64lfab
For most websites, when you enter your login info incorrectly, why can't the website tell you specifically whether the username or the password is incorrect?
It usually only tells you "your username or password is incorrect."
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg3o774", "dg31q46", "dg3u4ai", "dg3wsds", "dg3bb1h", "dg31q52", "dg3jxri", "dg3tw7j", "dg3slma", "dg365zh", "dg3z1f6", "dg34ovs", "dg3z7ch", "dg3gxao", "dg3rdmx", "dg44lis" ], "text": [ "For better security. Any information no matte...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64na00
why children can't use vr headsets like the rift or psvr.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg3i1yj", "dg3i4f9", "dg3paps" ], "text": [ "Aside from the \"small necks bearing a weighted helmet\"-part... VR changes a person's spatial coordination - that ability to just *know* where your limbs are without looking at them. From touching your nose to just navigating around furnit...
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[ "url" ]
64nw81
Why do most software programs (web browsers, for example) display an error code that you have to look up instead of just telling you the error?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg3o15z", "dg47vre", "dg3pmzc", "dg3vx8p", "dg3z9bq" ], "text": [ "The use of error codes is considered a good practice in programming, because it allows different errors to be strictly defined and distinguished from one another. The name and explanation of that error can then...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64oinn
How does YouTube keep up with storage space if there are roughly 67 YEARS (300h/min) worth of videos uploaded every day?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg3tg80", "dg3xuqh", "dg3tlme", "dg3x906", "dg477sa", "dg3t3dw" ], "text": [ "[Big warehouses filled with hard drives]( URL_1 ). A lot of that content being uploaded isn't great quality and so it doesn't take up much space. The very high quality videos are compressed to ta...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64q6uh
Why do LCD screens go dark/light when looked at from different angles
Why do LCD/LED screens go dark/light or colours invert when looked at from different angles?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg450q5" ], "text": [ "When the light exists the screen it comes out at specific angles in order to form the picture. Observing the screen from a nonoptimal angle changes the amount of light that hits your eyes, causing the screen to appear darker or miscolored. The pixels from the LCD screen...
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[ "url" ]
64qr3j
what is "A computer", what on an electronic level makes electronics into a "computer" can anyone build a computer? could someone build a computer without using prefabricated components in 2017?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4c3nk" ], "text": [ "First, let's establish something a lot of people get wrong: in electric circuits, negative flows to positive. Electrons are negatively charged, and the negative side has an excess of electrons, the positive side has a deficit of electrons. The reason everyone gets this ...
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[ "url" ]
64qyud
What was added to black and white cameras to show color?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4bpzv" ], "text": [ "Early film consisted of a thin coating of gelatin mixed with silver bromide or silver chloride. These chemicals, it was later found, separate into individual ions under exposure to blue-UV light. This chemical change can be exploited in the developing process by adding ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64rpap
Why can't my phone's camera take pictures of my monitor in normal colour?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4h632" ], "text": [ "Because your monitor's color is a trick. If you grab a magnifier and look closely, each pixel is a red, green, and blue light. The dots are small enough that your brain blends them together, but a phone camera uses a CMOS sensor that isolates each pixel in the frame of ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64shru
How is using a VPN for anonymity different than using a VPN for remote access to a network?
I see some people subscribing to a VPN service to remain anonymous online, but then I also here people say " I am VPNing into work so I can work from home". Is this the same thing or are there different types of VPNs?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4nglh" ], "text": [ "It's essentially the same, with a different purpose. The way the internet works is there's only so many public, internet routable IPv4 addresses. They are predefined. There wouldn't be enough of them if all the corporations and private devices to have their own IP addre...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64sk4v
Why is there different Netflix content for different countries?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4o7hs", "dg4qlp8" ], "text": [ "Studios that sell content to Netflix want to maximize their profit. Because of copyright laws and agreements, Netlflix can negotiate with each studio to acquire specific streaming rights and agreements in each territory. Often, certain countries control t...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64sonb
Why are all objects in a game pink when their texture fails to load?
I have noticed that objects in a game are pink by default when their texture fails to load. I noticed it when using Unity framework or even in games developed using other frameworks. Is there a particular reason for this?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4p6cw" ], "text": [ "Generally stuff the player is never supposed to see is made really bright colors/patterns that would never actually be anything in a real game. This way, it's easy to notice when it sneaks in, and it's easier to troubleshoot. Otherwise you might not notice something wro...
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[ "url" ]
64tsjw
How far into space can we go before video or voice transmission would cease?
Even if the home base would not be on earth, what is the distance, if there is any, that would stop communication.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg4y59m", "dg4z3ca", "dg4ywnz", "dg4ygw3" ], "text": [ "No distance would be too far. The only limit is the lifespan of the people trying to talk to each other. All forms of light travel at the speed of light. This includes radio waves, which is how you might communicate. If you b...
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[ "url" ]
64u9eg
what is the difference between the internet and the www?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg52qm6" ], "text": [ "The Internet is like a telephone system for computers. It's a communication network that allows computers to talk to each other, much like people can talk to each other over the phone. Whereas the WWW is one of the services you can use the internet for. Your browser can...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64vtp9
Why do video games have leftover or unused content in the data? Is there a purpose in leaving it in?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5my5n", "dg5fprm", "dg6axbh", "dg5luda", "dg5phjt", "dg5szfp", "dg5uubw", "dg5x3pj", "dg5v6tr", "dg6a00f" ], "text": [ "Towards the end of a development cycle, caution is the name of the game. Video games are really complex (and often somewhat haphazardly...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64wifs
How good could video game graphics get before it is not possible anymore, and look exactly like reality?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5onrm", "dg5ux2v", "dg5kt14", "dg5ugd9", "dg5uuug", "dg5nq07", "dg5y7tm", "dg5khbs", "dg5wd9a", "dg5r6ui", "dg5ud2n", "dg5ye8q", "dg5ugze", "dg5u29c", "dg5z2hr", "dg5tcgh", "dg5kk20", "dg5w1nt", "dg5y55c", "dg5sm5e", "d...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64wpup
How does a computer virus get its own code to infect new files?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5m4im" ], "text": [ "The code is loaded into memory during execution. So the virus can just read the code that is currently executing. Or the virus might get to read from the hard drive to get the code. A common programming exercise is also the quine which is code that outputs its own sourc...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64x67q
could someone explain google project of AI experiments?
URL_0
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5popf" ], "text": [ "Google has been doing a lot of research in the field of Machine learning for the past years. Machine learning is a subfield of AI where the goal is to make computers teach themselves how to solve problems instead of devising an algorithm for the problem by human hands. ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64xekf
How do analog clocks work. How do they now what a second is?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5q7ck" ], "text": [ "Most modern analogue clocks are still electrical; they use a piezoelectric quartz crystal to measure seconds, and tick once it's vibrated a certain number of times, usually 32,768. Fully-mechanical clockss generally use either a pendulum or a balance wheel - a pendulum ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
64xjxg
How come we can make an AI that can beat humans at Chess on a level playing field, but AIs in computer games like Civilization can only beat humans when they have access to extra resources?
Difficulty in chess programs is scaled by AI behaviour, whereas difficulty in the Civilization series (and other computer games of that sort) is scaled by 'cheating' to give the AI less or more resources than the human player. Why the difference?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5rvkx", "dg5r5sk" ], "text": [ "Chess is actually very predictable game, at least compared to some. There are only 64 squares. There are only two players. A maximum of 32 pieces. Those 32 pieces are of 6 types, and each type has rigid limits on how it can move. The starting position of ...
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64xti2
how hard is it to test how real different fast food meats are, like what was done to find out subway only has 50 percent chicken meat
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5vbmu" ], "text": [ "It is virtually never a secret. If someone makes it sound like it was, look for the lie, as there always is one. For example, at one point taco bell got sued. The people sueing them claimed their beef was 35% beef at 65% filler. The lawsuit made TB look bad and some peo...
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64ya8i
Why do some charging cables only work when they are bent a certain way?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg5wfku" ], "text": [ "Such a cable has a broken wire inside the casing and bending it that way causes it to reconnect. The cable should not be used at all as the poor connection could result in damage to the device or for the cable to catch fire." ], "score": [ 8 ], "text_urls": ...
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64yp1v
How can entire power grids be knocked down?
We often hear about major detrimental events such as a Nuclear strike or a solar flare potentially bringing down the country's entire power grid. Please ELI5 how entire power grids can be brought down by these events?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg62b5c", "dg62li8" ], "text": [ "Different parts of the power grid are intimately connected. Small issues at one spot can cause a cascading Domino effect further up or down the chain. The Wikipedia article on the 2003 Northeast US blackout has a nifty timeline of events. All mainly cause...
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64zpjd
How does a computer program uninstall itself?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg68wun", "dg68oi7" ], "text": [ "When a computer program is running, parts of it, and sometimes all of it is copied from the hard drive to RAM. Once there, it is free to delete the what is on the hard drive and continue running. When it is done, it signals the operating system, which wil...
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6504z0
How do people hack Console videogames when they don't have the ability to mod like PC's
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6cqm8" ], "text": [ "A video game console is essentially a computer/pc that just outputs a visual image on a tv to display the video game being run on the console, the same way a pc does this with software on a monitor. So if you look at it like that, you can imagine 'hackers' just using a ...
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65103m
Clothes I was looking at on my laptop have found their way into ads on my phone. How is this possible?
I know cookies and such store what you've been looking at so you can have ads displayed, but I thought that was limited to the device you were originally looking at them on. How did the things I was looking at on my computer somehow end up on my phone? (apologies if this is the wrong place to ask)
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6kzk6" ], "text": [ "There are a few ways this can be done: 1. If you have an account logged into your browsers (eg Google Account logged in to your Chrome browser) and you use the same browser and account on your phone, the maker of the browser could have logged you looking at clothes on y...
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651mdt
how does active noise canceling work on earphones/headphones
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6pr8n", "dg6pky7" ], "text": [ "It works by hearing what is going on around you through a microphone and then adding a frequency that is the opposite of what the outside noise is. Waves are interesting in that if you add two waves with opposite frequencies together you can cancel them o...
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651nh2
Why is it that all the blockbusters have gone out of business, but adult video stores are still around?
I would have thought that all video stores would have been just as affected by the internet.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6qknq" ], "text": [ "Adult 'video' stores don't just sell videos, they frequently also sell sex toys, lubes & fetishwear. Many of the ones around here also sell bongs & pipes. On top of that, they often have \"video rooms\" in the back where people do... \"stuff\"." ], "score": [ 11...
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651nu4
Why can blank CD's hold the same length of music at different bitrates?
Blank CD's come in certain amounts of time they can store (e.g. 80 minute CD's), but if mp3's at 128 kbps take up 40% of the space per amount of time as mp3's at 320 kbps, why can a CD that can hold 80 minutes of 320 kbps not otherwise hold 200 minutes of 128 kbps?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6qh8r", "dg6qa34" ], "text": [ "If you record a CD as an audio CD, it *always* writes the music as 44.1kHz, 16-bit **uncompressed** audio. If the source was a low-quality MP3, you just end up with low-quality audio recorded at 44.1kHz, 16-bit. If you write it as a *data* CD, you can fit...
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651ti7
Why can't computer viruses infect modems/routers? Or can they?
Because if they could then how would anti-malware stop them? Edit: Thanks for the answers guys :D
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6u23g", "dg6rhxu" ], "text": [ "They can and do. Routers and modems are just small embedded computers very similar to your desktop or laptop. Most of these run modified versions of the Linux or BSD kernel. The problem with these consumer devices, along with other \"Internet of Things\" ...
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652m6q
Why is it necessary to go to such great lengths to eliminate contaminants when manufacturing electronics like cell phones?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg6yna7" ], "text": [ "It depends on the thing you're manufacturing. With semiconductor parts even tiny specs of dust can cause failures by changing the electrical properties of certain regions of the chip, so manufacturing is done in clean rooms. With other things that are less sensitive, du...
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652oe0
How much damage can realistically cause Kim if he decides to press the red button? Are counter-aerial defense system from other countries advanced enough to completely prevent a nuclear disaster?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg734jz", "dg7148j" ], "text": [ "The short answer is \"a lot,\" although it would understandably be suicidal. Excluding cyber attacks or an unlikely and unorthodox employment of a nuclear bomb, the physical damage would be largely confined to Northeast Asia- particularly Seoul and the US...
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652tks
Why had USB type C become more popular than USB type B ever was?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg70ef3", "dg70edt" ], "text": [ "I don't believe that your premise is true. USB-B is incredibly ubiquitous, and type C is relatively new and not used on a lot of devices (yet).", "Type B was extremely popular, it was/is used all the time for non portable peripherals. It was never mad...
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652vai
why do wi-fi devices sometimes end up self-assigning IP (169.254.xx.xx) instead of the router's default (192.168.xx.xx)?
sometimes my devices will end up with a self-assigned IP instead of one dished out by the router. Why does this happen? i sorta understand theres some conflict but why, and am i able to prevent this conflict from happening? i usually fix this by restarting the router, but is it possible to stop it from even happening, ...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg71mav" ], "text": [ "A 169.254.x.x is an APIPA IP address. This generally occurs because there was a breakdown in communication/response with a DHCP server. The usual fix is to correct any network configuration issues to ensure access to DHCP server or correct any DHCP server configuration ...
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653awy
What's the difference between 4k LED, and OLED TV's?
Does it have to do with pixels? Are the pixels the same? Are the LED pixels rectangular vs OLED circular or something?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg76e28" ], "text": [ "OLED TVs work differently from an led tv. In an OLED panel each pixel has 3 organic light emitting diodes that light up to create different colors of light for each pixel. In an LED panel the LED part is referring to the backlight (not needed in an OLED panel). The led ...
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653igm
Where is the internet? How is it connected to the physical world through our computers?
If there was a global shutdown of all computers what would happen to the internet? Let's say we (as in all of humanity) transcended our physical bodies and imprinted our minds like an ai into the internet what would happen to our digital space after years of physical neglect on the outside? Im just curious, and kind of...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg76gjx", "dg78va9", "dg7c16x" ], "text": [ "Every single piece of information exists on a server somewhere. The cloud isn't real it's just millions of servers physically located somewhere.", "The Internet is just the name we give to a whole bunch of computers and communications g...
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653trr
What is plant-based meat?
Was reading an article about synthetic meat and it kept mentioning "culture created meat" and "plant-based meat".
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg78zkb" ], "text": [ "Animal cells take amino acids from plants and turn them into proteins. Then they arrange the proteins into muscle cells and other tissues. When we kill these animals and eat them, we call it meat. Now instead of using animal cells to make our meat, what if we train bact...
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654rds
Why are most circuit boards in a dark green shape?
I know that there are other PCB colors too, as Arduino blue or SparkFun red. But most boards in industry or in home appliances are in a very specific dark green color. Is there any particular reason for it or is it just a grown standard?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg7elrc", "dg7gi64", "dg7shd3" ], "text": [ "Dark green is not a shape. Assuming, however, that you meant \"colour\" - it's to do with the manufacturing processes involved. While it's increasingly possible to use alternative materials, the best-established processes use materials that...
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6563qx
Why does turning an electronic device off and on again often fix most of the problems?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg7p289", "dg7pfox", "dg844io" ], "text": [ "A lot of issues with stuff not working is because the RAM (or some other temporary memory) is storing some sort of issue. When you try to do something where the computer has to look at a previously saved value there is a chance the value wa...
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65658b
What is the difference between an object, a class, and an instance?
edit: Yes, it is a programming question.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg7rbu9" ], "text": [ "Think of a class as a template, where functions and fields are defined. From that template, we can build concrete instances/objects. A very simplified example: Imagine, a Person class has the fields: name and age, and address. But it has no values since it's a template ...
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656lc9
Why is it that sometimes "I am not a Robot"-Captchas don't prompt you to do anything?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg7vym6", "dg7tbrr" ], "text": [ "It's a mechanised risk assessment, along similar lines to those done to determine your car insurance policy. The machine looks at a number of things it knows about you, or can determine from your interaction with the actual captcha itself. For example, if...
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658tsh
Video games and source code
Hopefully there's some people here with knowledge, or better yet, programmers for video games. To preface, I'm mainly asking this about the top-selling AAA games I'm guessing that a video game's source code isn't written in a text editor. I'm aware that there's such a thing called a "game engine" - but how is source co...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg8k20w", "dg8d4ma" ], "text": [ "Computer engineer here. I'm not a professional game developer, but I can provide some insight since i do lots and lots of programming (software and HDL). > I'm guessing that a video game's source code isn't written in a text editor. I'm aware that there's...
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65a5tr
the "mother of all bombs" / largest non nuclear bomb. What makes it so powerful? Why is it significant? Why use it now?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg8pj4s", "dg8ofk2", "dg8odpa", "dg8og60" ], "text": [ "The [MOAB]( URL_4 ) is an air-burst weapon intended for soft to medium targets over an extended area. And while it technically is not a penetrator weapon (commonly called 'bunker busters'), it is optimized for targets in envi...
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65aq3b
What is computational linguistics?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg8t78b" ], "text": [ "It is the application of computer science techniques to language. What does this mean? So saying I have the following phrase: 'The password to my account is XYZ' Computational linguistics could apply a number of different filters on this sentence They could for instance...
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65b95l
With driverless cars becoming more common and safer, how can this technology be brought to airplanes?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg8wkvh", "dg90orl" ], "text": [ "Commercial jumbo jets are already mostly \"driverless,\" in that they can take off, fly, and land all on computer. The pilots are there to make sure nothing goes wrong.", "It's actually much easier for planes than for cars. Unlike cars, planes have ve...
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65czml
What is BitMining? How exactly do you mine for money on a computer?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9ca4l", "dg9agpn" ], "text": [ "You don't really mine for money, that's just the word that's used. So with normal money, there's a central governing body that decides what is a real dollar and what is a fake one. With a currency like Bitcoin, it was intentionally designed without any ki...
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65daan
If the earths Carbon levels have constantly been changing throughout history, How do we know carbon dating is not inaccurate? Aren't we assuming a constant when there is none?
Im curious Since there have been periods throughout history where greenhouse gas levels have been so high at times (siberian traps) and so low at times like during the ice ages. plus other Major events that we cant even understand or know about... So my question is basically, "Isn't using carbon levels as a measurement...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9cmk7", "dg9bef2" ], "text": [ "Carbon dating doesn't measure the amount of carbon in an area and compare it to a set time period. Instead, it measures the decay of a radioactive isotope of carbon (radiocarbon) in organic material. Radiocarbon has a half life of 5,730 years, meaning tha...
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65dfsf
What are the black dots around car windows?
You know, the border of the windows with dots of different sizes. Why do some cars have them and some don't?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9cnyh" ], "text": [ "It's just a way of blending the boarder of the windshield. There is a black boarder to attach the glass to the car, instead of having a hard line they put dots (or a fade) to blend it out." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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65dpc1
Before GPS, how did pilots navigate planes?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9hpcw", "dg9gm99" ], "text": [ "Lots of good answers here so far, although none of them are totally complete. I'll try to fill in the gaps: - The most basic way of navigating is **ded reckoning**. This involves measuring the direction you want to go on a map, as well as the distance. Yo...
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65dyjk
Artificial intelligence
How does it work. It's like a man made brain correct? How can something so complex, and convoluted actually be accomplished. Even on a minor scale. And what could this technology progress into? Could it make the modern solider absolute? And what moral bounds do the people furthering this technology abide by, if any?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9liiz", "dg9pm61" ], "text": [ "Artificial Intelligence is not a very precise term. It can be used to refer to lots of different types of computing, from machine learning to the way that NPC's behave in video games. I can speak to what I know about, which is computer vision. In order to...
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65e6kr
What's the difference/relationship between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
I was listening to a fascinating NPR segment with the inventor of the WWW, Timothy John Berners-Lee, who stressed he *did not* invent the internet. I knew they were different, but never precisely how. The segment seemed quite informative, but because I was driving through the middle of nowhere, it kept cutting out, so ...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9iuqp" ], "text": [ "The Internet is a global network of computers. The World Wide Web is one of many services that runs *on* that network The Web is specifically the stuff you can access through your browser: a set of documents, referencing each other by way of hyperlinks. Email (for examp...
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65fckl
My Mac can run every pre-Wii U Nintendo game ever made. Why can't a new Nintendo console do the same?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dg9svmn" ], "text": [ "There are at least 3 problems * Many games that you think \"run\" on your Mac (or a Raspberry Pi) don't really run 100% as they where intended. It might be something easy to miss without a side by side test like the Triforce pieces moving too quickly at the start of Lin...
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65gzhu
Why did 'SOLAR FREAKING ROADWAYS' never come into fruition?
For something that seemed to make so much sense/generate a lot of hype, why has the idea died off?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dga7fjr", "dga7b0c", "dga77oz", "dgaamzg", "dgae6lz", "dgab3ex", "dgacnik" ], "text": [ "The people making it can't even figure out how to get a roughly 15 foot area of sidewalk panels to light up, let alone produce energy, and that's after several million dollars, and...
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65h6js
Why is the dark web so big?
People always say that the dark web is much much bigger than then normally accessible internet. But why is that so? Why are there so many more "dark stuff" than normal ones?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dga9379", "dgac88w", "dgajkh5" ], "text": [ "it's because literally every website that isn't normally accessible is in the dark web. This includes someone's google drive, anyone's facebook dashboard, etc. There's a lot more private pages needed than there are public ones.", "That'...
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65hmci
How are the songs on the radio encoded into radio frequencies?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgadwev" ], "text": [ "If it is analog radio there are two ways AM and FM. In both cases you have a carrier wave at the frequency you set your radio to. The carrier wave has higher frequency then the sound. The sound you can hear is < 20,000 hz and the carrier wave is in the 1,000,000 hz rang...
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65jp1z
Part 15 of the FCC rules that requires a device to ACCEPT any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
e.g. Compliance for the above requirement is mandatory even for a [Fisher Price ABC toy for toddlers]( URL_0 )
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgat4k1", "dgat613" ], "text": [ "Pretty much every electronic gadget emits radio waves (RF), even if not intentionally, which means they have to be certified under the FCC's Part 15 rules for unlicensed transmitters. Because Part 15 devices tend to leak RF, many are also prone to having ...
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65kakn
Can scratches on a DVD corrupt the files, and if so, why or how?
Trying to understand why a store bought DVD won't work at certain scenes.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgayc74" ], "text": [ "Firstly it is important to understand how CDS and DVDs work and I will make an assumption as to where the scratches would be. Firstly CDS and DVDs are optical media, that means they use light (laser) to be read. The information on these discs is made up of lots of littl...
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65kf60
Why is the Reddit search tool on the app so slow/fault?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgb0sf9" ], "text": [ "It is indeed pretty bad. However you may also want to brush up on your search abilities too. URL_0 URL_2 URL_4 URL_1 URL_3" ], "score": [ 14 ], "text_urls": [ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/NoStupidQuestions/comments/64ogr2/why_is_the_reddit_search_en...
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65kvk8
Why does the USA have thousands of nuclear weapons?
I read earlier today that the USA has 6,800 nuclear weapons. I've looked online and that figure is an estimate, but the number is certainly in the thousands. How did that come about? I mean, I suppose what I'm asking is that 1,000 warheads is enough to probably bring about the apocalypse. Why did they manufacture so ma...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgb2rnp" ], "text": [ "The problem is that the your enemy, the Soviet Union, may suddenly invent a way to surprise you and bomb your nuclear arsenal, or shoot your missiles with giant space lasers, or something like that. Thus you build more nuclear missiles than needed, so that even if half ...
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65kwhc
Why is the UI theme of many popular computer programs/apps (MS office, Google, etc.) extremely "white"? Is it functional, or simply to look modern and cool?
It seems like many of the most popular apps have extremely white and bright interfaces, especially MS office and Google. It feels like they hurt my eyes after hours of using them, much more than if they used more grays and blues. I believe Microsoft added some minor tweaks and themes to Office 2016 after complaints abo...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgb21rq", "dgb1uml", "dgbiah6", "dgberio" ], "text": [ "White does not affect battery life on most screens. Regular LCD screens are lit up 100% white in the back, and then use polarizers to darken the non-white pixels. This aesthetic originated at Xerox PARC and was then copied by...
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65l0p6
What exactly is plastic and how did it become so wide spead?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgbabbf" ], "text": [ "Plastic is composed of [polymers]( URL_0 ). Polymers are organic molecules composed of a chain of many monomers; basically an organic molecule that easily links to others of its kind to form really long strands or surfaces. Basically, carbon has 4 links and can easily l...
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65l4tw
Why is it that when files are interpreted by audio software as raw audio data, strange sounds such as static and tones appear?
When using audio software such as Audacity, you can import any type of file, be it .mp3, .exe, or .dll, as raw data. The results can be pretty astonishing, especially with files such as mspaint.exe, explorer.exe, and shell32.dll where white noise and tones appear, creating sections that could be almost classified as me...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgb8wrv", "dgbbcir" ], "text": [ "The values in computer code could basically be random, at least having no pattern that corresponds to recorded or synthesized audio. White noise basically **is** random variation over time. But you can also get repetition in code, and repetition over time...
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65lykh
Why do people get headaches after playing video games or watching TV for too long?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgbaw6a" ], "text": [ "* Dehydration from low fluid intake * Slow blink rate, causing dry eyes * Poor body posture * Hey. Hey. Hey Listen. Hey. Look. Hey. Hey. Hey. Look. Hey. Listen. Listen. Hey." ], "score": [ 10 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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65mf6c
How do save states work? Why are they so small compared to save ram, yet recall so much information?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgbhpwj" ], "text": [ "In game consoles? The amount of RAM in old consoles is absolutely tiny. The NES has 2K of RAM, 2K of video RAM, 256 bytes of OAM and 28 bytes of palette RAM. To save an arbitrary state you'd also need to store things like CPU registers which won't amount to much either....
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65o9a3
How does my broken handsfree turn musics to instrumentals?
So today I found my earbud's wires to be broken, and after playing a few music, I realized it filters out the singer's voice from the music, my musics are all instrumentals now, wot? This seems to be more apparent among Rock/Metal musics where the bass guitar has a bigger contribution to the sound, sometimes more than ...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgbwxzj", "dgbwu4m" ], "text": [ "There's a pretty complex thing going on. Headphones use a TRS connection - which instead of having 2 dedicated wires for each channel (2 for L/2 for R) it has 1 for L, 1 for R and 1 common ground. Due to the common ground, when things short *just* right, ...
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65q73k
Why is reddit's search feature so bad? Most of the time it says "search failed" and it's always slow.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "dgccz7q", "dgcf2xb", "dgccvti", "dgcaic2", "dgchuaq", "dgck7yd", "dgcj6se", "dgcb51p", "dgchjnx", "dgcjol5", "dgcjkt3", "dgcjcag" ], "text": [ "Right. And then I get down-voted when I post something in askreddit that had been previously posted but i...
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