q_id stringlengths 6 6 | title stringlengths 4 294 | selftext stringlengths 0 2.48k | category stringclasses 1
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7xm9jp | What was happening to old versions of Windows that was caused that glitch were you could create a cascade of windows on the screen? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"du9ei7l"
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"When you're moving objects over each other in a graphical user interface (GUI), the GUI draws the top objects pixels over the bottom object. When the top object is moved off the bottom object, it's the bottom object's responsibility to \"redraw\" itself, replacing the p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xmar4 | Two-Factor Authentication | How do apps and websites generate their codes and have so many systems to send text messages and such? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"du9em2g",
"du9oumj"
],
"text": [
"I can't speak on the text message side of things but I can talk about the codes and how they work. First I need to talk a little bit about random number generators (RNG's). The important thing to know is that despite their name RNGs aren't actually random... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7xmmzh | How are new sythesiser sounds made? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"du9h3uv"
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"text": [
"A computer program tells the machine what shape of sound wave to produce, using a series of numbers to describe the actual height of the wave over time. Different wave shapes make different sounds."
],
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3
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7xmwu9 | When an EMP goes off, can the electronics affected be replaced? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"du9is8q"
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"text": [
"They stop working because components within them are overloaded and burn out, short out, or explode. So depending on the item some could be repaired and others would have to be fully replaced. So with a city being attacked it would be yes, though it may take a while to ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xncct | What do server farms/data centers create? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"du9mxas"
],
"text": [
"> but what does the farm actually make? Is it upping the RAM of the site? The server farm *is* the site. A website is just a series of files which are accessed remotely. They exist on a computer which is connected to the computer on which you are viewing them. The compu... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xnvtl | Why is violence in video games acceptable, but sexual violence is an extreme taboo? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"du9rfc9",
"du9s7ul"
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"text": [
"Everyone is used to violence and in some cases it’s perfectly acceptable to use it (e.g. when defending yourself). There are no cases where sexual violence would be acceptable, however.",
"Most games present violence in semi-acceptable situations, lik... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xo5ow | How do barcodes/barcode scanners work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dua15ek"
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"text": [
"So as others have mentioned, the light or laser is there to be reflected from the non-black parts, and the resulting reflected light is picked up by a photosensor to get a very simple image. What you probably think about is barcodes on items you buy that get scanned at ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xqspx | What is the difference between 10H and 2,5D screen protectors? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duadx8s"
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"text": [
"> What is the difference between 10H and 2,5D screen protectors? \"2.5D\" refers to a flat screen protector with a slight rounding of the edge without actually bending the sheet to follow a curve of the screen. \"10H\" is trickier to dissect. The resistance of the scree... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xr1y2 | PC Mining, What is it and how safe is it? | As the title says. Saw an article earlier today which piqued my interest and would like to know more. There is a subreddit for it, but I'd like to have a basic understanding before diving in headfirst. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"I assume you're talking about cryptocurrency mining with your PC. Headline: basically, chances are that if you live in a place without heavily subsidized electricity, you're not actually making money. One of the things a distributed ledger needs to solve ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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7xr802 | How can there be a maximum compatible memory in a camera, when the memory cards are all the same physical size? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duayt0r",
"duayszt",
"duayyv3"
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"text": [
"Each byte in a memory card has a unique address (like every house on a street). The OS in the device itself (be it dash cam or phone) uses these addresses to read and right data to these bytes (like posting or collecting letters from the ho... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xro3n | How do hexadecimal color codes work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"duakktq",
"duakqgr"
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"text": [
"One of the ways computers store color information is Red, Green, Blue (RGB) format. What the computer does is it stores a value from 0 - 255 for each of those three colors. Some examples: 0,0,0 = Black 255,255,255 = White 255,0,0 = Pure Red 0,255,0 = Pure... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xu76q | Why do smartphones have more cores than computers? | A lot of mid-range phones have octa-core processors. Yet it's quite rare to see higher than quad-core processors in mid-range laptops. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dub7cmc"
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"text": [
"Core count in a phone can get a bit funny, particularly with chips that use the big.LITTLE layout. In a big.LITTLE configuration there will be two cores per core but only one is active at a time. When the workload is light, it is taken care of by a weak but power sippin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7xuba0 | How does a metal detector work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"duba81t"
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"text": [
"The metal detector creates a magnetic field, and then senses the field it created. Metal will affect the magnetic field, so the detector can see that the field has changed from what it sent out. Imagine wiggling your finger in a pond. Your finger will make circular ripp... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7xwner | Is audio spyware a real thing? | Clarifying: Not so interested in advertisers (although also creepy), Could a person I know install something on my phone? [Like this guy]( URL_0 ) How would that even be technically possible? And how can it be like blocked/discovered on my phone? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dubrwjt"
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"text": [
"This is possible and if you have a smart phone that has the facebook app on it, most likely happening. The technology is possible because in your pocket you are carrying a device that has (among other things): -A microphone -A connection to the internet. That's it. That... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7xwv78 | How is Russia, despite us knowing it is them, able to continually launch cyber attacks on the US, and there is seemingly nothing that can be done about it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dubu2ok",
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"text": [
"When Cyber Attacks are blamed on the Russians, they're not necessarily being blamed on the Russian Government. The reality is, even if hacks or fake news are traced back to Russian IP addresses, in most cases that IP address ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7y11zg | why do certain characters cause computers to crash | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"ducrqd6"
],
"text": [
"Most likely cause is not enough input validation from the programmer. If there are input fields where characters can be entered, the program handles the input in a specific way, an unexpected value can cause exceptions or other strange behaviour. A programmer should che... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7y8q38 | Why can't modern browsers like safari tell me how large the zip file that I am downloading is? | Every time I am downloading a GitHub zip of a project I am working on, safari never knows how large the zip file is, why is this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dueh2kf"
],
"text": [
"Chrome does not show the size either. If I am not misstanke the reson is that size information is optional in HTTP. There is a good reson that is is optional because HTML code generated dynamically, with for example a PHP script, the transmission can start before they a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7y97w2 | when hackers steal money via bank transfer SWIFT, why can the bank just reverse it back? | Edit: can’t | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duesau8"
],
"text": [
"Because what they usually do is transfer that money between different bank accounts hundreds of times, and then split the money into hundreds of other bank accounts and they're really hard to trace"
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7y9arg | Why can’t we recharge standard AA batteries? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duekvx5"
],
"text": [
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why can't you recharge regular batteries? ]( URL_3 ) ^(_9 comments_) 1. [ELI5 why you can't recharge normal AA batteries. ]( URL_2 ) ^(_2 comments_) 1. [ELI5 why I can't recharge normal household batt... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7y9deu | What is a thread in programming? | As a second-semester computer science student and 5-year programmer, I'm ashamed to say I don't have a firm idea of what a thread is. I understand certain ideas, like if a method has an event listener, that "thread" will stay open until the listener is deleted. But I don't really understand what a thread *is*. Can some... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duekte5"
],
"text": [
"Imagine every thread being a worker under you, that has an individual timetable. A normal program gives you one worker by default, doing the stuff the source code wants it to. Each thread you open \"hires\" another one, where you can assign work to it, splitting some ca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7ybqxa | Why do older television recordings have distinctive looks to them that vary by decade? | When I see old television programs, it seems like it's possible to guess the decade solely based upon the quality of the picture. I know that for a lengthy period the resolution was largely unchanged; what about the technology of the time caused the differences? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duf5arg",
"duf6b6m"
],
"text": [
"This is to do with the type of camera/film used and as the decades move on you see an improvement in camera technology - I wish there was more to it that that but that's about it I think.",
"Analog TV dont have resolution the same way as digital. Ther... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yc7tj | How do holograms appear closer to the viewer? | I don’t know how to explain it exactly, but the image in the hologram display of the Lykan Hypersport seems closer when you look at it. How does that work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dufmk2l"
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"text": [
"Your eyes can‘t see distance. Instead both of your eyes see slightly different views of the world in front of you. The more those views differ the closer your brain thinks an object is. That‘s what you perceive as distance. Holograms like the one you described use optic... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yevna | Why we don’t generate electricity from sound waves while electricity is needed to produce a sound wave ? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dugfbap",
"duga115",
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"text": [
"We do generate electricity from sound waves. That's how a microphone works. The problem is that sound isn't powerful enough to create a enough electricity to be useful for anything other than capturing an audio signal. Even with sophisticat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yhxk3 | How did computer hackers do their hacking back in the 60s and 70s? | I realized that I know next to nothing about computers from back then, so I was wondering, for example, how a hacker from back then would hack into a business' computer? Like would they have to be on site, or could they do it remotely? Also, how easy was it to hack those old IBMs from that era? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dugo8f3",
"dugtsnu",
"dugoakz",
"dugyao3"
],
"text": [
"The vast majority of hacking in the pre-internet days relied on physical access to the system... as that was the only way to access it... or by manipulating someone with physical access to it to do something to it (knowingly ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yi5f4 | How does a pinhole camera take pictures when its just a box with film inside of it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dugqojj",
"dugztlg",
"dugrbre",
"dugsnqm"
],
"text": [
"Light comes in, it hits the film, reacts with the film, and leaves an image via chemical reaction. The pinhole means that each bit of the film only gets light from one angle. You don't need a lens, you don't need zoom, you do... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yifzx | What creates the “zooming out” effect you see when you shut off a TV or computer? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dugsqc5",
"duhbws3",
"duhcy4g"
],
"text": [
"If you mean on really old CRT screens, the whole picture was drawn by a single point flying across the screen very fast, horizontally, then stepping down a vertical level and repeating. When you turn it off, the inputs driving that beam go ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yjfd5 | What is a hash-table? | Relating to programming. Pretend I know nothing about programming or anything relating to what a hash-table might be. From my research, you take a value, then assign an array to it to be referenced later. But idk and still don't really understand. Thanks in advance. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duh7hgd",
"duh139y"
],
"text": [
"A hash table is a data structure that stores data. It's a good compromise between speed-of-access and memory usage. Let's pretend that you're 5 years old and you have a bunch of friends. You want to make sure that you say \"happy birthday\" to each of you... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yno95 | How does computational propaganda work? | Someone was explaining to me that the Russian involvement in the US election is called "computational propaganda". How does this work specifically and how is it currently being used? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duhwss8"
],
"text": [
"If someone puts the same message everywhere you go on Facebook, and you do need to appreciate that this was a Facebook campaign, you ignore it after a time or two. It generates far more interaction, sharing, and impact when you respond to posts like a person. The evildo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yoaie | How do movies get that distinctly "movie" look from the cameras? | I don't think it's solely because the cameras are extremely high quality, and I can't seem to think of a way anyone could turn a video into something that just "feels" like a movie | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"d... | [
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7yp586 | Why do some floating-point operations result in long decimals? | As an example, 1.2 - 1.0 = 0.199999999999999996 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dui6s54"
],
"text": [
"Because not all numbers can be represented precisely in binary, just like not every number can be represented precisely in decimal. For example, `1 / 3 = 0.333333333333333333`. We can't write \"a third\" in base-10 decimals, we have to approximate it. And the same is tr... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7ypnv7 | EFI vs. BIOS | I don't understand why this difference was developed, or what the fundamental differences are. How does the BIOS screen look on an EFI machine, and is it accessed the same way (F12, F2, Del on boot, etc.)? Explain like I'm five! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dui942d"
],
"text": [
"the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is very old technology, first used in the mid 70s. It's basically a middleman between your operating system and your system-specific firmware at boot; it would load all of that data into your operating system's programming so that it... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yqb2l | Microsoft has announced they’re ending support for push notifications in older versions of Windows Mobile. How can they do this and why would they want to? | Is having push notifications enabled resource intensive for the operating systems providing them? I kind of assumed it was up to the app developer to implement them | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duidff5"
],
"text": [
"Microsoft seem to be fed up of supporting anything mobile related. Try working with Windows CE5."
],
"score": [
3
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7yqdde | NYC Subway Signals | Those of us who live in New York are quite used to hearing the MTA state that we are experiencing delays due to “signal problems”. Could someone ELI5 how these train signals work, and why they are so prone to failures or delays compared to newer signal systems? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duihui8"
],
"text": [
"Train signals are part of a block system to prevent collisions. Since trains often travel fast enough that they cannot stop in time when obstacles become visible, there has to be some control to prevent a stopped train becoming a hazard to following trains. This usually... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yqnqt | How does stack smashing work? (C++) | I'm having trouble understanding how stack smashing works (c++). I've tried reading [Smashing the stack for fun and profit]( URL_0 ) and I'm still not understanding how its supposed to work. It would seem like this article is out of date as it was written in 1996! Seems like modern operating systems randomize the stack... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duii1ar"
],
"text": [
"> It would seem like this article is out of date as it was written in 1996! It's old, but I wouldn't say it's out of date. It still describes the basic mechanism well, it's just that to make the exploit described actually run on a modern machine you may have to disable ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yqyeq | How do movies hide cameras in scenes shot in front of mirrors? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duj9mlu",
"duis0jm",
"duioqhj",
"duiw0n6"
],
"text": [
"Hi! Visual effects artist here. Often times when cameras are visible in scenes (which happens more often than you’d think because big budget movies use multi-camera set ups) we remove them the same way people remove blemishes... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yqyu6 | (1961/Kennedy proposes a man on the moon... 8 years later, Armstrong walks on the moon. As of 2016, China is projected to have a man on the moon by 2036.) Why is it taking so long to achieve manned lunar flights in an age where space technology and safety efforts are so much more advanced? | Kennedy proposed getting a man on the moon and back to Congress in 1961. Eight years later, in 1969, Neil Armstrong and crew landed not the moon and returned, following with several trips to and back made in a short period of time after, before the Apollo program ended in 1972. This appeared to be a good system of gett... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duiivgl",
"duijn4e",
"duijwpn",
"duijwwc"
],
"text": [
"The US threw an absolutely astronomical amount of money and resources at rocket technology in the 1950's and 60's. It was, by far, the highest priority in US defense R & D for a decade or more. A space program isn't something... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yqyzf | What technology do big companies use to make shopping carts lock after a certain distance from the store, and how does it work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duijafq"
],
"text": [
"it's very low tech. there's a battery operated latching brake on the wheel that receives a radio signal from either a broadcast beacon or strip on the ground. once the receiver stops getting a signal, it locks the brakes."
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... | [
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7yrcyt | If faucet handles are covered in bacteria why don’t hospitals and doctors’ offices use motion sensing sinks more? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duiljna",
"duimunk"
],
"text": [
"A lot of them do, but its a fairly hefty expense. Easier to use hand sanitizer nearby, and wash hands properly",
"Many do, or sinks for areas for sterile procedures have pedals or knee yokes. Most hospitals I’ve been in have the long handles so you ca... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yt5iv | How did they add text to movie scenes (ex. In the credits at the beginning of an old movie) and TV Shows before computers and digital editing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duj1iu8",
"duizx68"
],
"text": [
"In the Star Wars films, they painted the words on a piece of glass and then ran the camera across it at that angle you know and love.",
"They filmed the credits which were printed on paper, then used dual exposure to print a new negative which contain... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yvcj6 | the difference between a regular computer, a server and just a hard drive with wifi capability? | Very confused | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dujdu9y"
],
"text": [
"E: This answer describes the hardware layer, mostly. Software can be \"a server\" too, but that's explored further down the thread. A server is *any* computer that's running server-software. That *can* be a regular computer, but is more often a dedicated machine, with h... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7yy2sj | Why do computers have a discrete GPU instead of one very powerful CPU which performs all the necessary calculations? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dujyce2",
"dujy1v3",
"dujzkr4"
],
"text": [
"A CPU is very good at performing individual tasks very quickly. However, it is particularly piss-poor at simultaneously performing many, many, many tasks. This sort of performance is very useful when rendering scenes. A GPU has many, many, ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yy4pa | How do spammers spoof a cell phone number to make scam calls? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dujyli3"
],
"text": [
"When you make an outbound call, the calling system gives the phone system the caller ID information. The reason this can be (legitimately) different from the actual call is for example a business that has both direct lines to each extension and a main line. An employee ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yyplu | Why do smartphones use chips that have several cores (6 to 8) clocked at low speeds (1.8 to 2.3 GHz) whereas desktops use chips that have fewer cores (2 to 6) clocked at high speeds (3GHz and up)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duk3rp6",
"duk3xx9",
"duk6deh",
"duk5pzo"
],
"text": [
"Mostly power considerations. First, keep in mind that the cores typically found in a smartphone are not equivalent to the cores found in a desktop system. They tend to be smaller and lower performance. So you can have a proce... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7yz0to | How does software know where to appropriately hyphenate words? | When I use some word processors/notepads/web forms, they automatically predict where to hyphenate words between syllables when lines wrap around, to varying degrees of success. How do programs try to find where to insert these hyphens correctly? Do programmers somehow have to take syllable recognition into account? Are... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duk5zfv"
],
"text": [
"I'm sure there's other ways of doing it but, largely, it boils down [to building a giant list of words and how they can be hyphenated]( URL_0 ). This list comes from a Python project but *they* took it from the OpenOffice/LibreOffice project, which is also used by Firef... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7z536z | How is an i7 processor faster than an i3 if the clock speed is almost the same? | I just upgraded my laptop from an i3 to a (used) i7. 2.3GHz i3, 2.4GHz i7. I'm up 100 MHz. For the price difference, I feel kinda cheated. I understand that a few decades ago a hundred MHz was a huge difference, but it doesn't seem like much to me now. I'm presuming there's more to the picture than simply the clock spe... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duldede",
"duld67s",
"duli0i3",
"dulyp2z",
"duled38",
"dum4uw7"
],
"text": [
"**Short answer**: the difference is in how much your processor does in those clock cycles. **Long answer:** The amount of instructions your processor handles each second depends on two factors: *... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7z5h4n | Why are DVDs encoded differently around the world (i.e. Region 1, Region 2, etc.)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dulfjqi",
"dulfbao"
],
"text": [
"They're not encoded differently, they're just locked to that region by the firmware on DVD players. A Region 1 DVD player is technically capable of playing a Region 2 DVD, it's just got a little software switch saying \"only play Region 1\" set inside it.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7z698s | How do glucose monitors actually work? | Been using one for about two years now, really curious as to how it actually works. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dum54t6"
],
"text": [
"Imagine your blood is a bunch of adults with pixie sticks (the amount of glucose in your blood), and the test strips are a bunch of children (the chemicals on the test stip). When the adults give the children pixie sticks they get excited, from all the sugar (when you p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7z6tdj | how do radios with a scanning option know the difference between static and a station that comes in? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dulvnpu",
"dum7qnj"
],
"text": [
"Radio signals are electromagnetic and a radio works by receiving this energy from the air using an antenna, filtering to a desired frequency and then amplifying the audio. There will be more energy picked up when the radio is tuned to a frequency with an ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7z736i | How are cornflakes and breakfast cereal made into specific shapes? [e.g. Froot Loops, Cap'n Crunch, Cookie Crisp, etc.] | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duly5p3"
],
"text": [
"Loops and other very specific shapes are made by extrusion: they are squeezed out of a shaped nozzle and then cut off. So Froot Loops come out as a hollow tube that is then sliced. Flat-bottomed shapes are made by depositing from a nozzle onto a baking sheet or conveyor... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7z83e6 | e-ink technology | How does e-ink technology works? I know the story that e-readers don't tire my eyes like smartphones do. But why should buy e-reader instead of reading on my phone? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dum055b"
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"text": [
"I've searched tha seven seas fer an answer. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Kindle E-ink technology ]( URL_5 ) ^(_8 comments_) 1. [ELI5: What exactly is \"E-ink\" and how does it differ from a normal screen? ]( URL_3 ) ^(_8 comments... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7z8ijh | Why do pictures of a computer screen look much different than real life? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dum4184",
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"text": [
"Your brain does an enormous am... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zboc9 | How do you know that the amount of gasoline displayed by the pump is actually the amount you are receiving and you’re not getting ripped off? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dumt9dz",
"dumtfti",
"dumtef2",
"dumv5z3"
],
"text": [
"it is heavily regulated and tested, you'll see a sticker talking about weights and measures certification. Its tested regularly, and if it were tampered with, they would face steep fines.",
"How do you know for sure? You ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zcer3 | Why do some cellphone front cameras take 'mirrored' photos? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dumzfvw",
"dun0p22"
],
"text": [
"This is controllable in software. Some manufacturers want it to take a mirrored picture so that users don't get confused when looking at themselves -- users *expect* the phone to work like a handheld mirror.",
"All conventional cameras [[and eyes]( UR... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zcllx | What is the process of laying underwater fiber optic cables in the ocean? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dun1xqq"
],
"text": [
"They plan the route it's going to take, roughly where they're going to run the cable, but the process of putting it down there is literally unrolling it off of a cable ship, and letting it sink. They just set it down, basically."
],
"score": [
10
],
"text_ur... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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7ziny4 | Why do modern Game Consoles (i.e: Xbox One) seem to have less games than their predecessors (i.e: Xbox 360) despite having the same game companies? | You often see people comparing their piles of games. One pile has Dozens of games for the Xbox 360, whereas their Xbox One pile is hardly 5 Games tall. Is there a reason you seem to see more games for older consoles, despite newer ones having the same successful companies producing games, as well as Indie games? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duoatvt",
"duog63d",
"duoev93",
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"text": [
"If you look at big publishers, they're moving their focus to making money via their new term \"live services\" (so to them, you'd ideally play destiny 2 for 10 years, constantly giving them money through their own currency). ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zj4hy | Nashville Mayor’s affair proven by reading deleted chat logs from her cell phone. How are these deleted files accessed? Are there ways one can securely delete private data from cell phones and computers? | [Here’s]( URL_0 ) the article that brought this to my attention. It seems like in this day and age, many people likely have private conversations, pictures, etc on phones and computers. Should there just not be an expectation of privacy ever? How is it deleted files can be recovered? Are there ways to actually ensure p... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duoek6n",
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"text": [
"Most computer file systems operate like the planning department of a city rather than a demolition firm. When a file is deleted, they mark the space as available and ignore the existing data, which will be overwritten if/when a new file wants to use the s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zjn19 | Why can't emulated GameCube games, for example, be pre-translated for the computer? | Okay, so I know that the reason emulators are slow is because they have to translate the target code into something the computer knows how to work with. However, wouldn't it be faster to emulate the game if a program had pre-translated the console/game code into the desired code for the computer? That way, there's no r... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duoj8ck"
],
"text": [
"Emulation generally doesn't run slow because of issues with translating the code, but rather the fact that the code is optimized for hardware that your computer doesn't have. Think of it like this. I have two calculators. One of them can do addition really well, it can ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zkxs5 | why does the iPhone 7’s home button become unclickable when the phone dies? You can click it when it’s on, but not when it’s dead | I’ve always wondered why my phone did this. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duospc1",
"duosq1o",
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"text": [
"It's not really a button, it's simply a sensor that triggers a small vibration when it's feels you pressing it. When there isn't any power the sensor and the vibration don't work so it's just a piece of glass (sapphire?) at that point.",
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zn9gn | Why do Americans have a different keyboard layout than Europeans even though they need the same keys? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dup9guw",
"dup90hd"
],
"text": [
"The QWERTY layout was devised for mechanical typewriters. They used mechanical levers and \"hammers\", which flew up and physically hit an inked ribbon pressed against the paper. Sometimes these hammers got jammed and tangled up, but it was eventually rea... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7znmi4 | open source: why are so many people willing to write software to give for free? Also, why is it in similar areas, eg game dev or digital media design, open source is much less common? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dupb95s"
],
"text": [
"Reasons to develop open source: 1) Because other people can use it and therefore it is useful for human progress. 2) Because people can then customize it for their own use, and look through the source code to ensure that they are not being spied on by inbuilt spyware or... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zpijx | Can anyone in IT break down the difference between a Database, Data Warehouse, Data Lake, Data Mart? | I'm trying to understand the flow of enterprise data and how it's stored, captured, then used for analytics. I'm trying to get a foundational understanding of some of the vocabulary so I'm not completely lost. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duptk35",
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"text": [
"Database - This is a general term and the other 3 are just types of databases that are structured differently. But it may be that those you are talking with are applying this to be the main user application. Data Warehouse - Is a database t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zpo4e | Why can't files (documents, pictures, presentations etc.) open in some program be moved to a new folder while they're open? | If I remember correctly, which I may not, this is true of Windows and Mac. I can't speak for the other OS's, but I assume there's something intrinsic to how they're designed that makes it this way. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dupt0uu"
],
"text": [
"It's to maintain version control. Let's say there are 3 people in my department at work who are required to keep a specific file updated. I start making changes at 12:05, but I haven't saved the file. The person next to me makes changes at 12:06 and then saves the file.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zttct | Who decided that the standards were 4:3 16:9 21:9 for aspect ratio? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duqpudo"
],
"text": [
"It's because 4:3 is closest to our vision and is best to relay information, 21:9 was already the standard of cinema and is best to describe scenery. 16:9 is just the compromise between those two. And for where those numbers came from, there's only 1 word: compromise. Th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zv6hk | What is a "print server" | Looked everywhere for an understandable explanation, still can't understand what a print server is and what the difference is between "regular printing" and using a print server. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duqzvwr"
],
"text": [
"A print server is a computer (often embedded in a networked printer) that handles print requests from multiple clients on the same network. This lets multiple people use the printer over the network, with the print server caching print requests and handing them off to t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
7zvlpt | How do game designers create the logic or on what do they base the logic in sport video games to the deliver the correct commentary in the corresponding situation, e.g. football (soccer)? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dur2w3g"
],
"text": [
"My partner is a game dev so from what I've learnt from him: The dev will create a sequence of scenarios and imput them as codes with a yes or no answer to branch off from. for example in a soccer game I would assume it would be something along the lines of; does ball re... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zw61t | What is the order of shutting down a computer/laptop? Which hardware pieces are shut down first, and last? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"durjomu",
"dur9tmc"
],
"text": [
"The purpose of a proper shutdown is to save data in applications and services to disk to prevent data corruption and data loss. As well as to cleanup logs and temporary data. This way digital garbage data (left-overs from a running application) isn't left... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zwkft | In programming, what is the difference between shitty and beautiful code? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dur8ymy",
"dur9dgm"
],
"text": [
"The difference comes 6 months down the road when you have to come back and add to it. Shitty code is when you come back and go “wtf is this crap” and beautiful code is “wow this crap is decent”.",
"Beautiful code: - Clear and easy to understand - Nice... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
7zxnrb | How could old tvs (and Home appliances in general) be fixed with just a hit? Why this doesn't work anymore? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"durgny7",
"durhvhg",
"durgsyb"
],
"text": [
"Home appliances used to have a lot of \"discrete\", i.e. separate and relatively large, components. Lots of problems were due to loose connections and other similar mechanical issues. By hitting the TV/home appliance, you could (with some l... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8014ys | How do people hack (cheat) in video games, and how can hacks be prevented? Why are so few games completely cheater-free? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dus75hx"
],
"text": [
"Hacks basically look at the code of the game and alter values or processes to achieve a beneficial effect for the player. This can be done in a number of ways, including altering what the game is doing while it's running, or changing the game prior to running it. Hacks ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
801tci | what's the purpose of electronically signing on a credit purchase especially when most signatures are not the person's actual signature or lazy scribble that doesn't resemble letters and In what ways are they used? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dusd2dd",
"duscz1t",
"dusyks4",
"dusuh3f",
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"text": [
"There is zero security in a signature. No one checks them, and only a very few are able to detect what is a genuine signature and what isn't. The best they can do is provide eviden... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
803i65 | How are commercials added to TV broadcast? | Just like title says. Are they added by networks? Then how are they of local businesses? Is there a guy on the other end with after effects on a PC constantly rendering the videos? What's the process like and on what equipment? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dusq3hv",
"dusqc1n"
],
"text": [
"It's like a playlist. There are some gaps in the playlist of a specific duration. These gaps are filled by different local broadcasters by relevant ads.",
"I worked for a small town TV station in the early 2000s. Technology has improved and changed a ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
803rsi | How does Vsync prevent screen tearing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dusrfvk"
],
"text": [
"Screen tearing happens when your video card starts drawing a new frame while you're in the middle of refreshing the screen. Vsync forces the image on the screen to only refresh in sync with a new screen."
],
"score": [
11
],
"text_urls": [
[]
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} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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8047tz | How are toilet paper rolls sterilized? | On the packaging for my toilet paper, it says “sterilized under high temperatures”. How does it work and wouldn't it burn under high temperatures? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutd32r",
"dusua81",
"dut2655",
"dutfrpu"
],
"text": [
"TP rolls are not sterile. We do heat the paper to extreme temps while being made on the paper machine but they are sometimes not converted for a few days. Once it goes through the converting process it is cased and send to th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
805l7q | How accurate are cigarette smoking simulators? | I just watched (another) one of those tests where they "smoke" 30 packs of cigarettes through a pressurized machine and then show the tar lined hoses and nicotine stained housings. How accurate are these? I smoked for 21 years and quit 6 months ago. I've been a runner for 15 yrs. I'm moderately athletic. Smoking took a... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dut541i",
"dut5yrw",
"dutc4d8",
"dut63mj",
"dut9swt"
],
"text": [
"Just do a Google image search for smokers lungs. They are black. Lungs shouldn't be black. Your body may have adapted well to the fact that your lungs are damaged, but they are still damaged.",
"I think the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8072e2 | Fellow Musicians, Explain Amplifier Gain, Treble, Bass, and Middle | Before I get the "JFGI" comment, let me explain. I understand quite literally how bass, treble and mid knobs will affect how the amp projects certain frequencies. What I want to know is how I can use these features to make different sounds with my bass. Also, i just don't understand gain. Thanks everybody! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutgfns"
],
"text": [
"URL_0 This is a good article on what gain is, and why its useful. In short, gain lets you adjust the shape of the sound (like distorting it) whereas the master volume controls how loud it is."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[
"http://www2.fender... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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8072n1 | how the video feeds are shared globally for events like the Olympics. Is everything mixed and edited in one place then shared or do local broadcasters receive all of the video feeds and edit themselves? Also is the data shared via satellite? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutgart",
"dutgnpb"
],
"text": [
"They are cut and edited on site by dedicated broadcast teams and then broadcast out via one or more of the following: cable networks, data networks, and satellite tv broadcasts. Cable would mostly be used only for short distances, but data connections, su... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
807f2v | Why would film makers choose a smaller film size like 16 mm as opposed to 35 mm or greater? | If the bigger film size allows film makers to show more detail, why would they choose to film in smaller sizes? Is it simply budgetary reasons? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duti0bz",
"duttzuz"
],
"text": [
"The film and the camera are cheaper. It also creates a grainy, rough look that may suit their artistic goals of being explicitly \"movie-like.\"",
"It's cheaper. Not just the film stock. Cheaper film, cheaper cameras, cheaper lenses, cheaper processin... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
807puv | Why are there fake profiles on social media? | I understand scams where people reach out to you and try to get information from you, but there seems to be a lot of fake profiles that just comment on articles for no reason. They leave some standard, “That is the funniest article I’ve ever read” type of comment. It is obvious because they do it on sad articles or som... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutkmo2",
"dutto8t"
],
"text": [
"They could be building the background of what appears to be a legitimate account by creating a history of activity. The account can later be used to promote a product/agenda/idea/etc. It could also be a company who offers users comments, likes, retweets, ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
808b12 | Why is the "Censor Bleep" tone so consistent across most media? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutqs6a",
"dutr9vz",
"dutquno"
],
"text": [
"Traditionally audio equipment is tested by using a reference tone. This is just a generated sound wave, usually with a frequency of 1000 Hz, because that seems like a good enough number as any. Sometimes they'll also play a 100Hz and a 10,0... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
808b6k | What does the little ball inside a whistle do? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dutp0fn"
],
"text": [
"The ball inside the whistle is not necessary for the whistle to work but serves a purpose. A whistle without a ball has a flat tone that may get \"lost\". In an American Whistle the ball rises and falls as it is pushed around by the turbulence. When the ball moves withi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
808lax | In football (soccer), when a player gets hurt, sometimes you see medics spray something on the area that is hurt. What is that stuff and how does it help? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duu0s4c"
],
"text": [
"I know it as the brand we used in school sports (deep heat spray). It helps relieve pain by increasing blood supply up the affected areas (not sure how that works exactly) URL_0"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text_urls": [
[
"https://www.deep-heat.co.uk/prod... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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80cjwk | How does datamining in video games work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duulczq"
],
"text": [
"You can see Datamining as the following: Imagine you buy a book with 1000 Pages. You can read 300 of these Pages immediately, the rest are hidden behind black paper, because they are not finished yet. There is some content in those sites that has been already written in... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80csrj | What actually happens when an electronic bank transfer is made? | What happens to the physical money? Is it deposited from one bank to another in batches? Does the physical money never move? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duul6qr",
"duulb4a"
],
"text": [
"Physical money never needs to move if you dont sort it in the first place. Lets say you are holding 5 dollar bills each for 3 friends. You put all 15 dollars in your wallet. One friend comes and says “actually make 3 of my dollars go to (other friend)’s s... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
80dl8k | Why do developers have dataminable content instead of adding it after its ready to be released? | When people datamine games they can find stuff that hasn't been released yet. Whats the point of adding code for the content If developers don't want it in the game yet. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duuqjrp"
],
"text": [
"Saves time. That way when they want to implement it in-game, it's essentially a toggle, instead of forcing all players to download the content, therefore reducing down time when the stuff they want to go live, goes live."
],
"score": [
7
],
"text_urls": [
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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80e7pv | Why haven't they built video cards with the possibility of using your own ram like they do on every motherboard? | For example, Why can't I purchase a GTX 1080 and use any variety of DDR5 ram I also purchased and installed. Wouldn't that help solve the current crazy of overpriced video cards? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duuv7qn",
"duuvzld"
],
"text": [
"Replaceable gddrx modules would add quite a bit of design complexity and cost to a card, while having little benefit as few users would even consider adding more vram (something that also isn't commercially available) as a way of upgrading performance. Al... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
80fv1m | Why do gas stations make you go inside if there's less than $100-$200 on your debit card? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duv8q9w",
"duv8wtg"
],
"text": [
"I've never had that happen, and my debit card has had less than that before. However, I'd assume it's something to do with putting holds on your account. I got gas once at a gas station and they placed a $50 hold on my account (I only got $20 worth of gas... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80ktei | How is it possible for humans to "lose" or destroy the technology that sent men to the moon? | URL_0 "we dont have the technology to do that anymore, we used to, but we destroyed it" | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duwbdun",
"duxwvq4"
],
"text": [
"He means the US doesn't have a ready-to-go Apollo rocket + command module + lander. The last of those contained 70's technology. They were serviced in engineering hangers geared up for 70's technology, running software probably initially written with penc... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
80l3pe | When you increase the volume in a tv, what actually causes the sound to become louder? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duwfesu",
"duwct4b"
],
"text": [
"Electronic loudspeakers generate sound by vibrating a *diaphragm* (a thin, semi-rigid membrane made from various materials) against the air. The diaphragm is made to move because it is attached to a magnet, which sits inside a coil of (e.g. copper) wire. ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80ovns | How do musicians make such great sounding remixes? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dux3c11"
],
"text": [
"Yes one way is you can isolate the frequencies you need with an eq. Then you can set a narrow band to exaggerate them if you really want. You can sometimes hide the remnants of what’s left like a hint of drums or guitar etc and bury them in the mix. Another way is they ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80p27k | Why does the colour red look so bad on TV and in compressed video? | Don't know if this is just me, but almost every time I watch TV or video and there's a bright red it looks extremely bad (pixelated and not blending in correctly), but all the other colours look okay. The effect is lessened by turning up the quality on online video (YouTube, Netflix, etc...) to 1080p or something like ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duxeug0"
],
"text": [
"You have good eyes. In the same way that dogs and cats can't see all the colors that the human eye can perceive, and in the same way that our eyes can't see color wavelengths that exist outside of what we call \"the visible spectrum\", our camera sensors and LCD screens... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
80p9my | How does a BIOS update 'brick' hardware? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dux5s1w",
"dux5xnl",
"dux5ype",
"dux7oei",
"dux6nts",
"dux5vkc"
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"text": [
"The bios contains the basic functions of the motherboard. If it’s not properly loaded then the motherboard won’t be able to boot. If the mobo has dual bios then you can boot the other bios and fl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80px5b | How does USB 3.0 have such fast transfer speeds compared to USB 1.0/2.0? The plugs and ports are exactly the same. | I always wondered this. How can two versions of USB have wildly different data transfer rates, when they all have the same plug shape and the same 4 contacts on the plug as well as the port? I'm not talking about USB-C; just plain old USB, obviously. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duxb03i",
"duxb4v1",
"duxb6ir"
],
"text": [
"USB 3.0 (all variants, ignoring type-c) uses a 9-pin connector instead of 4 on previous versions. For the type A connector (the ubiquitous rectangular \"host\"-side connector), the same form of connector was used, with the additional 5 pins... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
80srmm | Why do some lamps require two turns of the knob to turn on whereas a typical wall switch is just one flick | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duxxxec",
"duxxy1n"
],
"text": [
"Because these lamps are set for a 3 way bulb but only have a standard bulb in them. A 3 way bulb has a low medium and high setting vs a normal bulb just being on or off.",
"Three way bulbs have a 4-step sequence (off-low-medium-high). Then you put an ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80u7gk | Why does smartphone screenes show micro abrasions when most metals cannot scratch it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duy9z8u",
"duydvh4"
],
"text": [
"Although metals are tough, they are not quite as hard as you think. You can get a tough metal by quench hardening carbon steel, but even those are scratched by things like sand and rocks. What I’m getting at here, is that sand and rocks are harder then me... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80ywyw | How does an electric faucet conserve water as opposed to a normal faucet | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duz9s7j"
],
"text": [
"You mean those with sensors that turn on and off when you come near them with your hands? Well. If you turn on the water yourself, you’ll use some water during the time it takes to put your hands under the water. It probably adds up to a few % of the total amount of wat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80zyky | Youtube videos purporting to review newly announced tech with still pics and synthesised voice. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duzesr7"
],
"text": [
"People who want easy money can for the clicks with almost no effort. The still images are much easier to edit than actuall video and you don't even have to try to speak clearly, just write your script and let MS Sam know handle it. Little work for some bonus cash."
],... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
80zz41 | How do bomb disposal teams decide which wire to cut on a bomb and how do they pinpoint where a bomb is? | I’m referencing towards “The Hurt Locker” film. The scene where Sgt. James finds one bomb which leads to several other bombs, how did he know the first one was there and know which wire to cut? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duzft1a",
"duzg2m2",
"duzgeln"
],
"text": [
"Ninety percent of the time, they find a bomb the same way non-explosive-ordnance-disposal (EOD) guys do - someone sees a loose piece of trash that seems suspicious, someone just *said* something to a passing patrol, or there are signs that ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
810cp7 | Why do bugs in videogames appear or not sometimes if it's the same situation? Wouldn't it happen always if it is the same situation? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duzica9",
"duzif9a"
],
"text": [
"Its not *exactly* the same situation, some things require some very very specific sequences of events. Even the perfectly repeatable ones are often rather obscure Some bugs are caused by memory errors where everything *was* the same until some random bit ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8116yk | Why is the camera recording quality noticeably worse when the same broadcast is reporting news outside of North America or Europe? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"duzpi8c",
"duzsgn7"
],
"text": [
"Not every country has the necessary electronic and technological infrastructure to transmit and receive the crisp video and audio that's most easily found in such countries as you named.",
"Europe uses a video standard called PAL. North America uses N... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
814xga | What makes a battery "rechargeable" and why do they get worse the more times they have been recharged? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dv0qssd",
"dv0tf39"
],
"text": [
"Theoretically, all batteries are rechargeable but some are better than others at being recharged. Batteries make electricity via the chemical reaction route. Essentially what you have is a chemical goop in between layers of film that, when it's hooked up ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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