q_id stringlengths 6 6 | title stringlengths 4 294 | selftext stringlengths 0 2.48k | category stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 1
value | answers dict | title_urls listlengths 1 1 | selftext_urls listlengths 1 1 |
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8tq8r2 | How do MDISC's manufacturer know it can last 1,000 years without actually testing for 1,000 years? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Essentially they estimate how much radiation an MDISC would be exposed to in a year and then rapidly expose it to greater amounts to determine how long it takes for the data to deteriorate to the point of unusability."
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7
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[... | [
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8tqrey | What is airport security looking for in liquids, and why are some liquids treated differently than others? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e19neaw",
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"text": [
"Ok so let's talk about something called liquid binary explosives (From here on referred to as \"LBE\") and why the liquids restriction barely has anything to do with preventing someone blowing a plane up using liquid explosives. What is a L... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ttc7w | When watching football/soccer why can you hear the sound of the ball beeing kicked but not the players shouting/talking to eachother? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1a1rrv",
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"text": [
"The cocktail party effect: The cocktail party effect is the phenomenon of the brain's ability to focus one's auditory attention (an effect of selective attention in the brain) on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other st... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8tx0hl | Why do many gaming companies make new game engines, rather than continue to work on and improve the current one in use? | What are the reasons that a company would stop using a game engine they already have (assuming its one they built themselves) and proceed to make a new one entirely, rather than continue improving the old engine? Is there something in the old engines that prevent them from being able to continually make improvements, o... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Isn't that what many of them still do? Improve the previous engine.",
"They usually don't. The vast majority of game companies license an engine -- mostly Unreal or Unity these days -- and do not modify it ever. A smaller number of companies create or... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8txhrn | Why must I completely shut my patchy Wi-Fi off in order for my mediocre data to kick in? Would it not be possible for them work hand in hand like super hero and sidekick to provide the fastest possible connection always? And can they not together make a stronger connection than either alone? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Basically what happens is that Mr Wi-Fi is told to deliver a bunch of packages to your house. He delivers some of them but on one of the trips a bad g... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ty89q | What do cops do to prevent their guns being grabbed by someone else? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1brtk3",
"e1b5fsb"
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"text": [
"Cop here: First, as everyone said, we use retention holsters. There are various levels of retention. Most police use Level III which means you have to bypass two different mechanical retainers to draw the weapon. We train enough to be able to draw quickly... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8tyfco | Why do companies limit the amount of ads you can watch? | A lot of apps offer rewards for watching ads (free premium currency, energy refill, etc). But most only let you watch a few at a time. Why? They always say "no ads available" but it's not like they actually run out. Wouldn't having you watch as many ads as possible just make them more money? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1b669q"
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"text": [
"Im no expert but I would guess that if they're giving a reward for each ad watched, they don't want you clicking through ad after ad without actually paying attention to them. Or so that you don't get too many points or whatever at the beginning and then never watch an ... | [
"url"
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"url"
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8tz49h | Why can't CPU's size (width and height, not memory size) increase? | This might be a really stupid question, but, why is Intel and AMD and huge companies like that, trying to cramp all the computing power into that small size instead of trying to increase the size of the CPU itself? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"> This might be a really stupid question, but, why is Intel and AMD and huge companies like that, trying to cramp all the computing power into that small size instead of trying to increase the size of the CPU itself? Computer... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8tz651 | How would a hacker break into my email account? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ba9tz"
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"text": [
"1. Knowing your password. 2. Programmatically breaking your password Ex. AAA, AAB, AAC, AAD until every combination has been tried. 3. A security flaw in the email providers system allowing someone to access the database your password, and hash (code to decrypt your pas... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8u1hjs | How do screens that you can only see when facing them from straight on work? | Such as screens used for ATMs, which you can’t see if you look from an angle to the screen | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1bt1l5"
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"text": [
"Polarizing filters. Think of shining a flashlight beam. It comes off like a cone, right? A polarizing filter only allows certain light rays through. So picture a piece of cardboard with a narrow slit cut in it. Shine the flashlight through that. Only a little bit of the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8u2urr | Why isn't salt water the solution to the incoming water crisis? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1c4w3t",
"e1c55qf"
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"text": [
"At this point it’s not easy, or cheap to make salt water into fresh water, and unless someone finds a way to make it so, it won’t be a solution.",
"Purifying ocean water requires a lot of energy, and the salt has to go somewhere. You basically have to... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8u5cjb | Why Can't I Have two Passwords for the Same Account? | Is there a security reason for it? Or are all the assumed use cases "illegitimate" like wanting two to make a certain character not case sensitive - wanting to generate a temporary password for a trusted friend to get access without needing to create a new one and signing myself out of all my devices. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1crfpv",
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"text": [
"There is no technical reason that prevents this. It's just not a popularly requested feature, because the more passwords you have on an account, the more likely an intruder can guess one of them.",
"It's extra complexity for the user, extra complexity... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8u7kjj | How do ISPs connect to the internet? Can I connect on my own? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"e1d8288",
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"text": [
"ISPs connect to the Internet by connecting to bigger ISPs, who connect to bigger ISPs, who are big enough to connect to each other. It's a tiered system. Typically you connect to the Internet via a tier 3 provi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8u7qc3 | Why does everything computerised need regular software updates now opposed to older models? E.g. my Xbox One needs to update monthly(ish) while my Xbox original never did (or could). | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1d8qnm",
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"text": [
"Security is taken more seriously than it used to, particularly on consoles that are now much more online than they used to be (online multiplayer was a much newer thing for consoles during the xbox classic generation of consoles), and that are much closer... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ua6d8 | How do refrigerators and freezers work to get cold? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1dpo8f"
],
"text": [
"They take a fluid, called a refrigerant, with a low boiling point. They run the air inside the fridge/freezer through a heat exchanger (usually a thin metal thing designed to transfer heat between two fluids). The fluid boils from the air, and in doing so sucks a bunch ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8uaxra | What is happening when you turn electronics off and then back on when you’re troubleshooting? Phones, computers, routers... Does it matter how long you leave it off for? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"At a simple level electronics are long lists of directions that can change with different inputs. Just like when you get lost it can be worth retracing your steps to the beginning,... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ub9ai | Why do technology companies work so hard to hide UI configuration and other IU components that users are used to or expect? For example, iOS and file management, MS Windows Control Panel oversimplification or Google Maps interface w/o much customization? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They don't want to get tech support calls from confused non-experts who accidentally changed the behavior of their system; but they don't want to totally eliminate these customization features that experts like. So they bury them where expe... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ubaen | Why does having WiFi turned on improve location accuracy on iPhones? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Apple (along with several other companies) have been using iPhones and other smart devices to record the MAC addresses and locations of Wi-Fi routers for years. When you open your map with Wi-Fi active, your phone will use this information ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ufxbq | How do dryer sheets work? And why is it better to not use dryer sheets for Towels? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1f537c",
"e1f89xe"
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"text": [
"Dryer sheets are coated in an animal-fat base that vaporizes when heated in the dryer. That animal fat makes your towels absorbent fiber's slippery and no longer absorbent.",
"Dryer sheets help with static and it can coat the towels lessening the abso... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8uhy2g | How can the camera wobble whilst reniaining focus? | In the music video for shadow Moses the camera wobbles from side to side but keeps steady and the focus eg (a person) stays in the same place in the frame and still does the same action but the camera wobbles - if I'm bad at explaining please watch the video | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1fjfhx",
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"text": [
"The video is actually using two cameras next to each other, and blending the photos in editing.",
"Can't you tell by the look in their eyes? ;O"
],
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3
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8ukvdr | Why does Google Maps sometimes default to a particular route while simultaneously telling you another route is a minute or two faster? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1gg8au",
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],
"text": [
"One thing Google tries to do (and Waze too, for that matter) is stagger drivers across different routes so that one route doesn't get too plugged up. If one route is 2 minutes faster and the routing server gave everybody that route every single time, it w... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8uogdc | Why do some Windows Updates need up to 1 hour to install, even longer than the first installation of the OS itself? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1gyjm8",
"e1h37u6"
],
"text": [
"Generally these large updates are essentially new versions of the OS, with one big exception. When you first installed the OS the computer was blank, so it was rather easy for the computer to just plop everything down and be done. Now since this is an upd... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8upufa | Why do low pitch bass frequencies not seem as "loud" as treble frequencies? | For example, like [this video]( URL_0 ) the bass being played is extremely loud (well over 100dB) but it seems to not bother the listeners' ears. But if it was all hi-hat like sounds/high frequencies they would sure be clutching their ears in pain. Why is this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1hcnpa"
],
"text": [
"Your brain doesn't perceive all frequencies at the same level. Which makes total sense if you think about it, for example the most sensitive range of hearing is around 3-5kHz which is right around the peak of baby cries. An ok-ish plot of your ears sensitivity is called... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8uq8dd | Why is in that in some video games, carbon fiber textures appear bent and meshy when the players’ perspective is further from it? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1hpcz8"
],
"text": [
"If you look at carbon fibre closely, you will notice that is is like a cross hatch pattern, lots of small squares and therefore lots of straight visible lines. A monitor or TV only has so many pixels to worth with and so taking something that has many straight lines in ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ur2z7 | What is Kubernetes and how different (better) is it from traditional virtual servers running applications? | Hi, I work in tech industry so I am familiar with Virtual servers, load balancers and all but I am unable to get Kubernetes as simple as I would want to get. Can anyone ELI5 how exactly is Kubernetes different from traditions VPS (Virtual servers) offered from cloud providers (like AWS, Digital Ocean,etc.) and how is i... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1hlqfc"
],
"text": [
"Kubernetes is a container orchestration system. There are two components to that, and both deliver value in different ways. Containerization refers to the practice of isolating software in an operating environment with lower overhead than running a full virtual machine.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8us1c6 | Why is one of the FCC regulations: "A device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation" | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1hostw",
"e1i6sv5"
],
"text": [
"Best explanation I've found came from here [ URL_0 ]( URL_1 ) Basically the device must be able to handle interference from other devices, even if the interference is strong enough to cause it to start malfunctioning, without causing any serious/dangerous... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8us3t1 | How does a computer chess program on lower difficulty levels decide which mistakes to make? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1houtu",
"e1howtq"
],
"text": [
"While I can't talk for all computer chess programs, I made my own as part of my education so I can tell you how we did it. A serious human chess player thinks through an average of 50 or so possible moves each turn. Really good chess players have the abil... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8ustor | How do those free movie streaming sites get all of those movies? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1htoc2"
],
"text": [
"It's basically a big international \"collective\" of pirates who upload the content individually to multiple sites at the same time."
],
"score": [
3
],
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} | [
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8uv4fd | Can someone explain the numbers on nvidia and AMD video cards? like why are some higher number cards worse than the lower number cards? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ideyi",
"e1idife",
"e1ie8q6"
],
"text": [
"The numbering scheme is arbitrary, set by the GPU manufacturer. For the past few generations, the first number number(s) have incidated the generation of the card while the latter digits ondictae where the model stands within that generatio... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8uwg8e | Why do new cars not have small solar panels built in standard to keep the battery charged? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1iolgq"
],
"text": [
"There's not really an engineering need for it on non-electric cars, and any car-sized solar panel would be far too small to provide a significant change for an electric car. There is a example of a hybrid car with a solar panel, the Fiskar Karma, and the solar panel was... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8uz6hp | how do fully charged batterys when still plugged in to their charger, stop current from overflowing them? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1jbtx2",
"e1jexbh"
],
"text": [
"Phones have charging circuitry designed to help with this. But fundamentally batteries are charged by putting a voltage across them, and the current flows in until there isn't any more room for additional charge to go. The charging circuitry just monitors... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8v06k1 | why fueling an automobile can cause an explosion if its engine is running | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1jjkhh"
],
"text": [
"It probably can't cause an explosion. In fact it probably won't even cause a fire. However the incidence of people accidentally leaving their cars in gear and plowing into pumps greatly decreases if they turn their cars off."
],
"score": [
13
],
"text_urls":... | [
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8v1pyw | Why do some video games require a restart when altering the graphical settings, and other games do not? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"The ELI5 answer is simplicity. Stuff gets loaded when opening a program. If I don't want to code a way for that stuff to change while the game is open, I force a reb... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8v2rd0 | Is there any reason we can't make computer cases airproof and make a vacuum inside to act as a cooler? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"e1k2tue",
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"text": [
"If my understanding is accurate, vacuum would work as an isolator, not a medium to dissipate heat. It would make your CPU radiate heat, like stars do, but the temperature on the surface would have nowhere to go... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8v3tbn | () Why do old tube tv's build up a layer of static on their screens after being used? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1kavkm"
],
"text": [
"Because the TV works by firing a constant stream of electrons at the back of the screen, where they hit the pixels and make them glow."
],
"score": [
7
],
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} | [
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8v4d8g | Why when watching soccer matches on TV is the sound of kicking the ball so clear, but you cannot hear anything the players are saying. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1kfhsq"
],
"text": [
"[Vox has a great video on this subject]( URL_1 ) You can hear the ball sound clearly because a sound person is pointing a [parabolic mic]( URL_0 ) (big dish) at the pitch where the ball is in play and not at the athletes' heads. There are many specialty mics like this t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8v4vz1 | What is OpenGL and DirectX and what's the difference? | What are these things? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1kk4bp",
"e1kkhur",
"e1kknb5"
],
"text": [
"OpenGL is a graphics library, hence GL. It's made to run on just about every system, and processes your graphics to put them on the screen. DirectX also does this, but it can also do input, sound, I think physics... It does more, but it's a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8v5342 | How Does Internet Speeds Work? | For example, my new fibre connection is supposedly at a steady 45mbps - however it took me a good 45 minutes to download a 4GB video game. Surely if there are 1000MB in a GB then it should be done in minutes... Thanks! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1klk03",
"e1l1oo1"
],
"text": [
"Your speed is in megabits, as opposed to megabytes. It’s a marketing tactic and is misleading.",
"There are several factors here. * 1: The size of your file is measured in Giga**bytes**, while the speed of your connection is measured in Mega**bits** p... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8v6ov9 | How do parapeligics/amputees control prosthetic arms? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1kyq47"
],
"text": [
"It depends. Some you can manually set positions. This used to be about as advanced ad it got. Now though they can detect muscle movement elsewhere, translating the signal into movement. Example, you lose your left arm from the elbow dow. The prosthetic detects the muscl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8v6po8 | What are smart mirrors and how are they made to be both a mirror and a touch screen display? | Like how do the pixels shine though the reflective mirror? And can I make one and how? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1kz96i"
],
"text": [
"They’re a bit like “one way mirrors” that let somebody see into/out of a room but not the other way around. The glass is actually *mostly* reflective and slightly transparent, no matter which way the light comes from. But the “mirror” side is well-lit, so you see more o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8v7p6s | How does my phone "know" what company or organisation texts it? i.e. I get a message from Apple and my phone displays "Apple" | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1lcql7"
],
"text": [
"Your phone doesn't. Usually a sender ID is sender's phone number, but it's possible to send an SMS with custom sender ID. You can read more about SMS sender ID here: URL_0"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text_urls": [
[
"https://messente.com/blog/messente/wha... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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8v7x27 | How does YouTube determine which videos get captions and which don't? | Some videos don't even get the auto-generated ones. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1l9f8e"
],
"text": [
"And what Dr. Suess-like program are they using to generate them?"
],
"score": [
5
],
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} | [
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8vaopt | sometimes I have to enter my debit card pin and sometimes I don’t. Why? | The price amount doesn’t matter. It’s happened both ways with $1 purchases and $100 purchases. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1lu1ut",
"e1lvpjv"
],
"text": [
"You can run a debit card as credit, so you won’t have to enter a pin (but you should have to sign for large purchases). Some merchants run cards as credit for convenience sake (fast food)",
"Because they don't *have* to use your PIN, because American ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vaos4 | How do long term space projects (i.e. James Webb Telescope) that take decades, deal with technological advancement implementation within the time-frame of their deployment? | The James Webb Telescope began in 1996. We've had significant advancements since then, and will probably continue to do so until it's launch in 2021. Is there a method for implementing these advancements, or is there a stage where it's "frozen" technologically? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"A bit of both. The key component of some things, like the lenses themselves, are pretty much \"locked in\... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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8vap9q | How do they make radio commercials to play audio only through one half/quadrant of the car's speakers at a time? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1lujf7"
],
"text": [
"The halfs is easy, you're generally listening to Stereo audio which means there is an audio stream for the left speakers and another for the right. For many songs they're basically the same but there are several songs that make good use of this([Bohemian Rhapsody is a g... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vbv12 | Why can't some colors on the screen be printed on the paper? | This might be one of the more mundane questions I might have, but after some Google search bringing up nothing but Illustrator or Photoshop technicalities, I figured that I would ask here: So what I like to know is: Why can't some colors in RGB be represented as CMYK? For example, pure green (R: 0, G: 255, B: 0) has no... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1m9j4r",
"e1m70hb",
"e1miqss",
"e1mjka2"
],
"text": [
"RGB is primarily for the display industry. CMYK is a print standard. When mixing inks you will always end up with a darker color than if you were mixing two lights of the same color. Furthermore, the CYMK colors are not in th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vdoa1 | Why does the selfie cam flip the picture? Cant it just take a normal picture like the front camera? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1mjlt9"
],
"text": [
"It's for usability. When the camera is facing you, a lot of people find it more intuitive if it behaves like a mirror instead of a camera. People are used to handling mirrors, so it just winds up being more comfortable for the majority of users. A lot of phones will als... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vep5s | Why can authorities seize the .se ccTLD for The Pirate Bay but not the .org gTLD? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1mt0k4",
"e1mtpx8"
],
"text": [
"Different TLDs follow different countries' rules. In both Sweden and the US, the government isn't allowed to arbitrarily seize domain names- they have to follow some procedure, probably involving the courts, to do so. Swedish law and legal procedure allow... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vf6ov | How do the light up wristbands at concerts and sporting events synchronize perfectly? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1mya1p"
],
"text": [
"For a five year old: Generally, they use infrared (invisible) control signals. Just like a remote that controls a TV, there are similar devices high up above the event that send control signals to all of the wristbands.The lighting designer can decide which parts of the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vgnc3 | how are we set to release 5G soon if we haven't acheived true 4G? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1nalk8",
"e1nmv6o",
"e1nlavk",
"e1n946o",
"e1nw2qi",
"e1nrbwq",
"e1nar17",
"e1n914q",
"e1nuo59"
],
"text": [
"Just because they've standardized the protocols and started designing equipment doesn't mean that companies are going to upgrade their equipment overn... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vgw4q | Why are 'bits' used instead of 'bytes' occasionally to describe computer storage or transfer speeds? | Is it literally just to make download speeds/hard drive capacities seem better to the layman? E.G. Internet companies sell 100mbps connections which can't get anywhere close to 100 megabytes/s | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1nabm8",
"e1nap3z",
"e1nfr0c",
"e1nan48",
"e1nqoep"
],
"text": [
"Tradition. Network engineers care about moving bits around. You can let somebody on the other side figure out what they mean. You'll also often see things like I/O bus speeds measured in bits (or \"transfers\")... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vgwnz | How do phones like the Samsung Galaxy S9 & Razer Phone reduce the resolution without any change in display size? | For example, on any other phone, if we change the resolution, the sizing of the contents get changed, but on the SGS9, the sizing remains the same. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1nc70p",
"e1nci0n"
],
"text": [
"Just like computer monitors do - the device interpolates the pixels of the image. In other words, rather than a 1-to-1 mapping of pixels, each pixel takes on some of the color of nearby pixels. There's no reason why other phones can't do this, as it's rea... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vhn9x | What is the difference between electronic and digital signatures? | I'm going to become paperless, but I can't understand the real difference between the two types of signatures. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1nex5y"
],
"text": [
"Well, first of all - they are indeed not the same thing and the confusion is quite wide-spread. The term **“electronic signature”** as by ESIGN Act (US federal law about the use of electronic records and electronic signatures) means pretty-much any electronic manifestat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vlqcd | Why is it more challenging to store renewable energy than other forms of energy? (Ie. Why has storing renewable energy been a challenge, and hence, seemingly become the new measurement of milestones with regards to renewable energy?) | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ocblp"
],
"text": [
"Electricity storage is the challenge. Batteries, in the capacity needed to store enough to power houses much less cities, can get very expensive. Many sources of renewable energy are far from consistent and not controllable like burning fuels, so storage is a huge aspec... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vm8gq | How are Operating Systems created? | Languages, Programs, etc. are built on Operating Systems, but how is an Operating System made? An individual has the parts for a computer, but what did the pioneers of Personal Computers do to build up their OS’s. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1oj2ag",
"e1oh36i",
"e1oop3m"
],
"text": [
"The earliest OSes would have been written by hand (in machine language!) and manually entered into the computer's memory by way of a series of switches on the front panel. You'd do just enough of this to get the computer running enough to r... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vmth0 | used motor oil recycling | So I have a few cars and when I change the oil I always take my used oil to the AutoZone for recycling. I see they pour it into a giant dumpster on wheels looking thing, but what happens to it after that? Exactly how do they separate the different oil weights that are now mixed up and how do they remove all the dirt an... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ong5z"
],
"text": [
"It isn't recycled into new motor oil. It's re-used in refineries to make heavier petroleum products like fuel oil, asphalt, etc. Refineries designed to handle even the lightest crude oils have no problem with mixed lubricating oil or a little dirt and grime that might b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vpd88 | How does cutting two fiber lines cause issues along the whole east coast and why does the traffic not take alternate routes when it occurs? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1p9dju",
"e1pbf92"
],
"text": [
"On a well-designed IP network, yes, the traffic simply takes alternate routes. Part of the beauty of how Internet routing works. But it would appear that Comcast did not have enough redundant lines to handle its traffic in this region.",
"A couple thi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vr9x1 | How do they make clean rooms super clean? | I was looking at this picture posted elsewhere ( URL_0 ) and started wondering how they make the clean rooms themselves so ultra clean after construction. NASA and chip manufacturers must have them, but whats the procedure? How often are they recleaned, and do they need to haul everything out during this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1pm69c",
"e1ptf1l",
"e1pwdng",
"e1pm7ix"
],
"text": [
"As much as I understand is that they have crazy air filters. Plus everything that goes in gets cleaned, everyone that gets in is being sucked off from dust before entering. I know one of the methods to clean the air from dust... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vw7ii | How does the size of screen (eg 40") and resolution (eg 800x420) affect each other? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1qtczo"
],
"text": [
"The physical size of the screen will change the pixel density (ratio of number of pixels to the area of the surface they occupy). Lets say your projector can project an image anywhere from 32 inches all the way to 100 inches. At 100 inches, your 800x420 resolution would... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8vw9fl | How do computers and games handle wheels and rounded objects? | Ok so I remember vaguely from some high school math class that mathematically due to numbers being infinite that walking is impossible due to the numbers and fractions your legs bend and swing will go through an infinite number of greater and greater fractions. (I'm not sure If I made that up or it's a real saying I re... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1qte20",
"e1qxooj"
],
"text": [
"Typically they are drawn as a large series of tiny triangles, enough to fool the eye. But the physics equations are based on the real round objects.",
"Sounds like you're thinking about Zeno's paradoxes, specifically the [dichotomy paradox]( URL_0 ). ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8vz618 | How does the crew of a show/movie film a scene where a character looks straight into the mirror, and we can see the mirror head on without the camera being seen? | Like in the Truman Show, where he drew on the mirrors. I just don’t understand the technology behind it. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1rihon",
"e1roao1",
"e1rsspw"
],
"text": [
"The mirror is angled so that the character is not looking at himself, but at the camera. Thus the camera is looking at the character.",
"* the mirror is at slight angle so it only looks like it is head on * there is no mirror, you are j... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8w1ti8 | what is MIDI and how is it used? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1s0p9w",
"e1s0xqy"
],
"text": [
"[Wikipedia article]( URL_0 ). It's a set of standards (computer software, cables / connectors, etc.) for connecting musical instruments to a computer, in order to record or create music. You always have the option of using a microphone next to an acoustic... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8w2wal | Please help me understand cloud storage such as GoogleDrive | I'd like to free up a bunch of disk space on my PC but still have access to the files, I'm not sure if cloud storage is the answer. I don't really understand it -I'm not very good with technology at all. Could I upload a bunch of files onto google drive and then delete those files off my PC and have access to them from... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1s9bch",
"e1s949j",
"e1sc86y",
"e1s9hia"
],
"text": [
"The \"Cloud\" is really just a nickname for remote server storage. Right now, you have the file on your hard drive on your computer. When you \"upload it to the cloud\", you're just making a copy of that file on someone else'... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8w43qi | Despite living in a digital world, where our electronic services celebrate no holidays... How my bank can delay my pay on a holiday? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1sj0zq",
"e1u47pq"
],
"text": [
"Because there’s no one at the bank to process or check the payments and deposits and whatnot. And no one at the issuing bank to verify the money being sent out.",
"The simple answer to that is that the bank doesn’t want to transfer the money. They can... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8w51pn | Why is it that sometimes one volume of something sounds right but when you try to listen to something at that volume again, it is too loud or too quiet? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1sw24x"
],
"text": [
"In my experience, one’s awareness and cognitive state or mood comes into play. Interestingly, when I take stimulant medications music sound much louder and clearer than when I'm not on the medication. The mind also can 'ignore' noises after a period of time listening to... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8waof2 | the difference between IaaS (infrastructure as a service) and PaaS (platform as a service) | I have a specific situation. We have 1 ERP System 1 cloud service model 1 App Information from the ERP should transfer to the App through the cloud. What should the cloud service model be IaaS or PaaS? Is the connector an API or EDI or both? What would be the case if instead of an ERP System there is a Web EDI with its... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1u79xf"
],
"text": [
"IaaS provides you with a plot of land, an electric, water, and sewer hookup. PaaS provides you with a house ready to live in. You just need to put your furniture in it. In this case, is your App running on an existing software solution like a tomcat? And someone else is... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wbppf | Why are user names not case sensitive? | ELI5: Why are passwords case sensitive and user names or email addresses are not case sensitive? In other words, why are user names not case sensitive? Is the technology for each different? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1u7ggq",
"e1u79te",
"e1u93ih"
],
"text": [
"In situations where the username is used as a displayed name, case sensitive usernames would enable someone to attempt to impersonate someone else just by registering a new account with a different permutation of capital/lowercase letters. ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wc1e3 | Why do companies provide open source software? What is the benefit of providing free software when you could be making money? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ua3oj"
],
"text": [
"Open Source Software (OSS) is known for providing security advantages, because many more developers are working on and looking at the code at the same time, versus a proprietary software where the source code is closed source. Many companies will embrace this by releasi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wcg4y | When something needs two or more batteries, why do they have to be out in in opposite directions? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1udoxj",
"e1uds3w"
],
"text": [
"Many devices require batteries to be wired in series (ie opposite ends connected) so that a higher voltage can be obtained. Placing batteries in alternating directions enables the connection between batteries to be a short metal strip as opposed to a long... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wd5tm | how does the "Hot Singles In Your Area' internet scam work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ujzsc",
"e1ujw5n",
"e1ujog1",
"e1ujomp",
"e1upoh7",
"e1uprrs",
"e1uk0fv",
"e1ut87c",
"e1ut0y3",
"e1uvf1d",
"e1uljuw",
"e1uyfsu",
"e1usmmd",
"e1uth68",
"e1utj1x",
"e1up5y1",
"e1uv15j"
],
"text": [
"The advertiser uses a geoIP da... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wdh69 | How the A* path finding technique works | Trying to wrap my head around it, and I feel like it's almost clicking but not quite. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1upqgx"
],
"text": [
"So you're trying to find a path to somewhere, and you can't see obstacles until you're right next to them. But you know where you are, and where the destination is. So what do you do? Well, the most obvious route is to move towards the destination right? So you do that,... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wdys8 | Why is gold used in electronics more than silver? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1uqcvg",
"e1uqerp"
],
"text": [
"Pure gold never rusts or corodes It's 100% non reactive. As a result it's more long lived in electronics.",
"Gold is much more resistant to corrosion than silver so whilst slightly more expensive to manufacture it is more practical."
],
"score": [... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wdzvw | How does a commercial “slushie machine” create such a perfect slurry of chewable ice? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1uqt1q"
],
"text": [
"There is a metal cylinder that the flavored liquid is dumped into, and on the outside of the cylinder is a bath of freon or other supercold liquid. Inside the cylinder is a set of paddles that constantly rotate and scrape any ice crystals that form off the cylinder wall... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wfakc | How do mouse, keyboard, etc drivers work? | Like, what do they control outside of basic functions and what takes priority during functions? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1w4rpi",
"e1v6boi"
],
"text": [
"You're a computer and you speak English, you have a mouse that speaks Spanish and a keyboard that speaks German. Drivers are the translators that tell you what they're saying and allow you to communicate back and forth. Anything that has to do with direct... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wjm3a | - Why do phones not require cooling vents but other small appliances do? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1vy4w2",
"e1w02r4"
],
"text": [
"Phones lack a cooling system because there's no room for that. It takes up way too much space for a pocket-size device. If that wasn't an issue, phones would've had vents. Besides, phones don't work as hard as other computers do. They are weaker, so they ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wk1e5 | Why do text files like .odt or .doc change its structure/layout when opening them with a different version of Word/Open Office? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1w1zk3",
"e1w5dix",
"e1w1zno",
"e1w363e"
],
"text": [
"The file format tells the program opening it how to structure the data for you to see it. If the program you’re using doesn’t recognize the file format, then it has no idea how to lay everything out, so you’ll often come up w... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wl28g | Why do rockets have different stages? Why not just 1 big stage? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1wa998",
"e1wamzq"
],
"text": [
"For many rocket designs, the reduction in vehicle mass after discarding unused fuel tanks/engines after a point in the journey offers greater benefits than the cost of adding additional engines. Fuel tanks are fairly heavy, and rockets typically need less... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wo75e | how barcodes are made? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1x5n0k"
],
"text": [
"If you specifically mean UPC/EAN barcodes that are on most products, it's pretty complicated. It's not just a font where each number (or letter) is swapped out for a symbol. It's hard for adults to understand, let alone a five year old. The [wikipedia article]( URL_0 ) ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wo7o2 | Would I have a similar experience to having a bigger TV, if I sat closer to a smaller TV? | I'm really curious about screen size/viewing distance ratios. I really like to sit towards the front of the movie theater because it feels like the screen is bigger and more immersive. However, if I were watching a movie on my phone up close, wouldn't it look bigger? Would that be a superior experience (assuming I am u... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1x2skc"
],
"text": [
"No because you would have to move the phone too close to your eyes for that to be comfortable. Also, you have to hold the phone or buy/design something to hold the phone less than a few inches from your face. Might as well get a VR headset and watch the movie that way."... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wowev | Why is desalination not yet a cost effective solution for the world's clean water demands? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1x9b8a",
"e1xaucz",
"e1xaeti",
"e1xf9te",
"e1xgami",
"e1xi98i",
"e1xbxw3"
],
"text": [
"There are only a few ways to desalinate water. One way is to boil and condense the water, a process called distillation. The problem with this is that it takes a relatively enormou... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wpaet | Why did it take till now to develop phone chargers that fit both ways? Is there some special technology in making it fit both ways, or did just no one think of it till now? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1xcolg",
"e1xf5ox",
"e1xdenc",
"e1xfur8",
"e1xcfyo",
"e1xi1ar",
"e1xesdd",
"e1xgrx1",
"e1xkwym",
"e1xmz3e"
],
"text": [
"It's really a case of no-one having bothered to make one until recently. There are some technical hangups like having to duplicate cert... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wr3at | How do power/charging strips get enough power to charge multiple devices? | You know those power strips that charge a whole bunch of stuff at once? How do those get enough power to charge multiple electronics through ONE outlet? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1xrr81"
],
"text": [
"Electrical power = voltage * current. Power outlet, US: 120 v * 10 amps = 1200 watts. Typical phone charger 5 volts * 1 amp = 5 watts. Thus, an outlet has enough power for 240 phones / similar devices. TV's, stereos, computers: 50 - 100 watts. Refrigerators 200 - 400 wa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wry29 | Why does power saving use grayscale? | Companies such as Samsung use grayscale but doesn't that use more power than RGB? I thought so as gray is made up of all three elements but blue is just using the blue led? Why is this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1xxt8x"
],
"text": [
"LCD screens have white backlights that are filtered through basically tiny colored foils. If you want red. You shut the blue and the green subpixels. And since the whole light comes from the backlighting, you basically shut out 2/3 of the generated light. With greyscale... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wtynu | How did people reset their clocks when the power went out, 50 years ago? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ycq1v"
],
"text": [
"Well son, back in my day we had these time pieces we wore on our arms and they called them watches. If you didn't have one or your battery dies, you could just ask the fella next to you: \"Hey bud, you got the time?\" And he would be happy to oblige and tell you."
],
... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wua37 | How do stock photo companies such as Shutterstock make money? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1yfzzp",
"e1yg7ps",
"e1ygkrp"
],
"text": [
"They put the watermark on to prevent people from using it but being able to see it. They sell you the picture without a watermark so you an put it in your brochure or whatever you need it for. Regardless of how big a company is, spending an... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wv6gw | Why can the TV get signal more easily and more reliably while internet can hardly upload/download stuff in comparison? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1ymoo0",
"e1ymzss"
],
"text": [
"> Why is TV so much powerful on getting data compared to the internet? Television is one-way while the internet is communication in both directions. It is like the difference between using a loudspeaker to communicate to 100 people vs. holding 100 separat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8wwdde | How do viruses propagate between computers? | I understand that computer viruses do their harmful work somehow and then attach to other programs and executes when the target program executes. But how does the attaching stage work? EDIT: I don't mean how viruses spread. I mean how does the virus attach itself to a program so it runs while the target program is runn... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1yy0zd"
],
"text": [
"As a concrete example, a PDF is an executed file. There's actual code in a PDF that needs to be run, unlike a text file where it's simply read and displayed. This means that when you open the PDF, the attached code could very well run, and if that code is malicious, the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wwuwr | How does the Buffer Overflow exploit work? | I know what a buffer is and what overflow (as in integer overflow) typically is, but how can overflowing a buffer ever compromise a system? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1z1ti8"
],
"text": [
"I need 16 pieces of memory please! < stuff that isn't yours > _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ < stuff that isn't yours > Please write the following message in my memory: puppiesarecute!!KILLEVERYTHING < stuff that isn't yours > p u p p i e s a r e c u t e ! ! K I L L E ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8wxw24 | how do dual SIM phones work | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1zeiz8"
],
"text": [
"A [dual SIM]( URL_1 ) phone can hold / use 2 [SIM cards]( URL_0 ). The SIM card holds an identifying (hardware) number that identifies the phone, so you can set up a subscription and associate the SIM number with a phone number. So dual SIM phones can answer/handle two ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x0z30 | Why is it fairly easy for large animating companies to create perfectly photo-realistic terrain and animals, but not humans? What really is the difference? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e1zz111",
"e2015bq",
"e1zz3ce",
"e1zywqp",
"e20hma2",
"e20f7sj",
"e218fsl",
"e203ajb",
"e21bfpa"
],
"text": [
"I believe this has to do with an effect known as \"the uncanny valley\". See, humans aren't particulsrly more difficult than animals to animate, but w... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x15zq | How do 7.1 surround system headsets work? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e201pjg"
],
"text": [
"The most important factor for how you determine what direction a sounds comes from is the time delay between the sound hitting your ears. A sound that was generated directly in front of or behind you would hit both ears at the same time, whereas a sound that was generat... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x1xtq | I understand the basic of waterless urinal. But without water flushing and cleaning the wall, won't that be dirty and stained? However, most of waterless urinals I have seen so far no stain at all. How could that be? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e20696d",
"e20s6eg",
"e20gxnn"
],
"text": [
"**Here is how it works:** 1. Urine flows into the drain insert of the EcoTrap®. 2. Inside of the EcoTrap® the urine moves through a floating layer of proprietary immiscible BlueSeal® liquid, which creates a barrier, preventing sewer gases a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x2fr0 | What is the difference between LCD and LED displays? | Just got a new LED and the picture looks clearer than an LCD. What's the difference? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e20afuh",
"e20bnd8"
],
"text": [
"LCD - Liquid Crystal Display LED - Light Emitting Diode Despite having a different acronym, an LED TV is just a specific type of LCDTV. ... Older LCD TVs used cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) to provide backlighting, whereas LED TV's used an array o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8x3dub | what is the difference between Linux and UNIX? | All the definitions of them are really stupidly complicated, I just want to know what the difference is. They have similar commands and file structures no? Are they not pretty much the same thing? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e20igeu",
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"e20hthx",
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"text": [
"Almost, but not quite. It's the difference between milk and cream. Very similar, but I don't recommend using cream on your cereal. **TLDR:** Unix is not free, cannot be modified, is very powerful, but can only run on specific... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8x3fkn | Why can my phone with a 4 watt SoC play back 1440p video without even getting warm to the touch while my laptop with a much more powerful GPU has to ramp up it's fans and make tons of heat to accomplish the same task. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e20n6u1",
"e20l1yp"
],
"text": [
"Ah yes, Google’s and Apple’s VP9 beef. Blame Apple and/or Google. Whichever you think is guilty. Gather around kids, let me tell you a story. I’ll go off the assumption you are referring to a YouTube video here. And I am assuming you are using Chrome, not... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x3hom | With all the wireless technologies we use (Wi-fi, satellites, cellphone towers etc), isn't it a concern that it might get "congested" and cause the tech to fail? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"e20ivfv",
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"text": [
"In the US there is an organization called the \"FCC\" or the Federal Communications Commission which regulates the frequencies which wireless devices can employ in order to prevent such interference and failures. Other countr... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x5i0k | Why do games have “press any button to continue” before they start? | I mean specifically before the main menu of a game even loads. Such as fifa, rocket league, battlefield, etc... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e2125tu",
"e20zvrc",
"e20yndn",
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],
"text": [
"Its an old leftover requirement. Basically it sets which controller or input method the game will pay attention to. So for example if your system has 2 controllers whatever one you press becomes player one. It is still a requ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
8x706v | Why must I constantly adjust the volume of my tv when watching movies, mainly between conversation vs action scenes. I know it helps add to the mood of current scene but just excessive volume range differences. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"Movie audio is designed for theatres, where the action scenes are best heard ear-splittingly loud (or so thinks Hollywood). Unfortunately this means that turning it ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
8x753a | Why does pasta have numbers on the box? i.e Farafelle no. 65 | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e21bq7s"
],
"text": [
"Pasta is extruded through dis. The number on the box is referring to the di that was used to make that particular shape of pasta."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
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8x82h0 | How is biomedical waste disposed/managed after surgery? | I’ve been watching some medical shows such as My 600 Pound Life and Trauma: Life in the ER and I’ve always wondered exactly what they do with what’s removed from the patient like amputated limbs or fat/skin. | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"e21jjr9",
"e21jlsw"
],
"text": [
"It's picked up by a biowaste transport company and then incinerated. They have special scrubbers on the exhaust of the incinerator so that no germs accidentally escape.",
"Generally speaking, after it’s been tested, they’ll incinerate it like they do ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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