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busrz5
How does long-exposure photography work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eph1820" ], "text": [ "When the cameras shutter is open for a long time, two things happen. More light hits the sensor and motion is blurred since the sensor records all tho movement it seen in that time." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
butitn
What is the difference between a "secure line" and a normal telephone line?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "ephe98d", "ephz0gq", "ephqwj7", "epi23xb", "epiav4d" ], "text": [ "A \"secure\" line has its audio scrambled so that a normal listener can't decipher what is being said. This used to take the form of analog modulation but now-a-days it could be as simple as encoding it into a ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
butttl
How did older films edit in the credits, specifically in actual footage?
Clarification: Actual footage meaning something that was filmed and not just black backgrounds.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "ephhg6k", "ephs285", "epji9z8" ], "text": [ "Many techniques have been used over the years, but one of the oldest is to paint the credits on a clear sheet of plastic, then just put that on top of the existing footage.", "To add on to what /u/FullMetalDove said, there's also the pr...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
buvmsp
When a game gets remastered do they completely rebuild it in a new engine or do they use the old game files and simply update the graphics?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epibehx", "epj20g2", "epi9dfq" ], "text": [ "Former game developer here, & #x200B; There is the dream that they will repurpose as much material as possible. But consider an older game on an older, different platform was likely written specifically for that platform. Portability would ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
buvxjo
Why are 144hz monitors more popular than 120hz?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epig9pw", "epid4uj", "episfva" ], "text": [ "It's a mix of display connection limitations and marketing. Before displayport and higher versions of HDMI, the display cable that could transfer the most data was Dual Link DVI. The initial 120 Hz refresh monitors were at 1080p resolution....
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
buwnwc
How are some animation movies so realistic?
Im talking about movies like "The adventures of Tintin" and "A christmas carol" by Disney. How are those movies so realistic? how are they made?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epizzx8" ], "text": [ "I think it mostly comes down to the style of animation. Even as technology has improved over the years (look at the difference in animation quality between toy story 1 and 2 for example), certain styles \"look\" more realistic than others. This is on purpose. If you loo...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
buxdg5
- how do hearing aids work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epiztnz", "epj2yam" ], "text": [ "I am not an expert so would be happy to see an expert chime in, but I can speak as a user of hearing aids. I think cheaper hearing aid models do increase the volume of everything. This isn’t helpful as sounds can “blend” together for hearing-impaired indi...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv0ali
How do touch lamps work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epjvi5g" ], "text": [ "They use something called capacitance. It has a wire attach to the outside of the lamp that has a small voltage applied to it which is basically trying to shove electrons into the metal. The metal can only hold so many electrons, but if you touch it, some of them leak i...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv1ghd
How do police scanners work?
The police scanners that the public can use in their car to detect police nearby
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epk5dyx" ], "text": [ "The term has a number of meanings. One meaning of 'police scanner' is just a radio that is tuned to the radio channels that the police use. You can hear their conversations. Another is a 'radar scanner', that listens for the signals given out by radar speed measurement ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv1yhn
How are scientists able to discover so much about space/blcak holes when we have such limited access to it?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epkamf6" ], "text": [ "Observation and experimentation. We can't do anything with black holes, but we can do lots of stuff with light and solid matter of all sorts of different types. We do tons of experiments with what we have to learn all of its properties, and then we observe how it acts d...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv2q7w
Why do arcade video games and flight simulators use mirrors to reflect the monitors instead of just letting you look at the monitor?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epkhtlb" ], "text": [ "Talking about the old school arcade cabinets? CRT monitors are big, and deep. If they put the CRT upright at eye level the cabinet would be twice as deep. Laying it down facing up at a mirror is much more compact." ], "score": [ 15 ], "text_urls": [ [] ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv3evd
How are electronics made water resistant or waterproof, even when they have perforated or moveable parts (i.e. like a phone )?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epkv76r" ], "text": [ "For total submersion you use parts that are sealed. The conductors of the connectors (charger, headphone jack) don't let water through. They use non corrosive metals like gold, which don't rust away when exposed to standing water. The phone itself is sealed using rubber...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv3t62
Nowadays we even have cellphones that record in 4k. Why do the TV stations still use that big cameras? (Professional video camera, aka television camera)
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epkvttj", "epkwg1x" ], "text": [ "Depth of field, focusing ability, and visual detail. There is versatility in the larger versions. Have you noticed your cell phone camera takes _awful_ pictures of the moon, compared to what you see through your eyeball? Same type of thing. (Also — what p...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv6cyz
How do relational databases work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epmdbjg", "eplvwhv" ], "text": [ "Let's say we're trying to maintain a family tree. We know about people. Every person has a name, a father, a mother, a date of birth, maybe a date of death, and maybe a list of addresses (birth place, places where they lived, burial site, etc.). Imagine w...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv8fej
Why do some airplanes leave a white trail after them while others do not?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epmop9s", "epml9c9", "epmxk0b" ], "text": [ "The same reason some mornings you can see your breath and other mornings you cannot. Just like you, airplanes exhaust hot, humid air as a result of burning fuel. When conditions are right in the surrounding air, that water condenses into ti...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bv9d67
How do game designers program the characters to behave in different levels of difficulty?
e.g. A soldier shooting you faster on Veteran level but taking a bit to shoot you in Amateur.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epmypm1", "epmy6i2" ], "text": [ "As an example, in Bioshock the splicers, when they spot you for the first time, always miss their first shot by design. That way the player gets a moment to recognize and react to the threat before they actually take damage. Scaling up the difficulty for ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvaczk
When you delete stuff from your phone (pictures, videos etc.) where does all that data go?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epn9qn3", "epn93wz", "epnk1wi" ], "text": [ "Actually nowhere. Imagine storage as a bunch of words in a notebook. When you \"delete\" something you actually are just telling your computer (phone) that you don't care about the contents of the notebook anymore. You throw that notebook i...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvay7a
why is Australian internet so bad compared to the rest of the 1st world?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epnlx2b", "epnix6k" ], "text": [ "Depends on which internet you're talking about. Connecting from your Australian PC to an Austrailian Server should be first-world speeds. If you're connecting to a server outside the country, odds it's thousands of miles away, so it takes awhile for every...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvd2nq
What does "bottlenecking" means in computer stuff?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epo3zvl", "epo8406", "epo4693" ], "text": [ "Think about running a relay race. One runner hands the baton off to another, and so on. Your slowest runner is the \"bottleneck\". No matter how fast the other runners run, the slowest runner will be the one that determines when you're fini...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvd844
How does cloud computing work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epo6lz4" ], "text": [ "\"There is no such thing as the Cloud, it's just someone elses server.\" Basically instead of having servers and equipment onsite for your business you can rent servers from a 3rd party. The term cloud refers to a concept in networking akin to 'black box', in that you k...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bveaaj
When media outlets say x amount of people watched a certain game, how do they calculate that number?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epoiio2" ], "text": [ "They don't calculate it. Generally these estimates are from Nielsen, a company that specializes, among other things, in gathering TV viewership data. Nielsen has select households, called \"Nielsen Households\" which they gather viewership data from (and they get data i...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvfux3
How does a capacitor work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epovrw5" ], "text": [ "A capacitor is two conductors seperated by a thin insulator. The conductors are close enough to interact but not enough to transfer electricity. This allows charge to build up on one of the conductors. The charge can then be dissipated all at once by completing the circ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvi55r
How do people do extensive research?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eppc0qm", "eppbwg2", "eppd8mu" ], "text": [ "It really depends what you’re trying to research. Finding out dinosaur facts vs inventing a new machine learning algorithm both require research, but they’d be approached in a massively different way. Wikipedia is great for the former, whil...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvig0h
Why can my laptop pick up my WiFi very well, but my phone, on the same desk, hardly connect at all?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epperz6", "eppmbul" ], "text": [ "I would only assume better hardware in the laptop given its increased form factor. Same reason you won't get a core i9 and 32gb ram in a smartphone. Edit - forgot to add phones are more power conscious so reduce performance of areas to prolong life.", ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bviuti
Why do some countries have differently shaped electrical outlets/adapters?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eppjchz" ], "text": [ "Most countries developed their own standards when electricity started being used. Some were better than others, and some decided to take the better ideas and combine them. There would be a bit of protectionism involved as well. You don't want someone buying an American ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvk75u
LNG gas process?
Watched this video a couple times just need the process dumbed down please? URL_0
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eppylpz" ], "text": [ "Natural gas is formed under the earth from the remnants of plants. These gases are pumped from the earth but contain a lot of impurities. It goes to a complex process that removes the impurities and is then cooled to liquid form where it is transported for use." ], ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvkmz6
Lane Detection System: What kind of sorcery is this?!
Reposted because I forgot to tag the title. Ok, I'm going to jump right into this. My husband and I rented a car to make our family vacation trip from Texas to Florida. We were given a newer Toyota Camry, as we requested a car of similar size to our car, which happens to be a 2001 Toyota Camry. My mind was just blown b...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eppy8zj", "eppyimo", "eppyfc4" ], "text": [ "The car has a camera and a computer. The camera takes a picture and the computer combs through it and rates each part the image looking for lines. If it's pretty sure that something is a line, it gives it a high score. If it isn't sure, it ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvl0cj
How does an internet search work? Do they get slower for each new internet page created or are there mecanisms to avoid that?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epq5cmh", "epq5a1d", "epq6r8r" ], "text": [ "The search engine couldn't search all websites each time someone puts in a search word. Instead, it creates a list of all words or phrases it finds on every webpage, and next to each word it writes down the links to every webpage containing...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvl1xj
How does an atomic clock work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epq54tr" ], "text": [ "TL:DR Atoms vibrate regularly and this vibration is measured and converted into vibrations per second and thus seconds. First, think of what a clock actually is. A measure of a time period. On original pendulum clocks this time period was kept relatively constant by som...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvmfbr
How/Why is the animation in the Spongebob movies different from the TV show?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epqh0uq" ], "text": [ "This happens with all cartoons that are made into movies if you watch The Simpsons Movie you'll also notice this it's mostly because they have a better budget, a bigger one.. to work with for a movie, because unlike television, the movie makes more money." ], "score...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvmg12
How did commanders effectively coordinate and move large armies before electricity?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epqhhs5", "ept1kn4" ], "text": [ "They used drums or horns or just yelled shit and the rest of the army would pass orders by also yelling shit. Or for armies that are spread out they would send messengers.", "Well for starters, there's the chain of command. Much like armed forces stil...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvmz69
How did people start measuring distance at sea where it's water all around?
Today I know we have the technology to position anything accurately within a few feet. But how would sailors in old times measure distance and have maps of the sea? Why is there a nautical mile and different from the land mile?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epqnbfh", "epqzkw9", "epqzeid" ], "text": [ "Speed of ship and stars. Drop a buoy in the water from the front and count the time it takes to get to aft. That gives you the knots or speed. Do that every so often and navigate by stars. Wasn't accurate like gps but it worked well enough ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvn8kr
Why is it so difficult for games to support a large amount of users on the screen?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epqsrbn", "epqyjsw" ], "text": [ "Because raw speed isn't everything. The latency between you and the server, the servers upload rate and the other players ping is important as is packet loss and the games engine may have limitations in displaying too many people causing it to chug and se...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvnzyy
Why do some large, multimillion dollar companies have so much trouble making a website that works well on mobile ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epqzpqw", "epr1fnv", "epqzhte", "epr153b", "eprjh81" ], "text": [ "There are a lot of potential aspects to this, but I'm a software developer who used to work for a giant digital agency making those multi-million dollar sites, and it is insane how much overhead and waste there...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvp3s7
What’s inside those black boxes on circuit boards, and what’s happening inside when the machine is running?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eprj8lz", "eprh1of", "epsnvtb" ], "text": [ "Here is a photo of the inside of one integrated circuit. URL_1 This is a very early integrated circuit from the 1950s, the ua741 operational amplifier. It is a purely analog circuit, which essentially is an amalgamation of about 25 transist...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvqehp
Before electrics, how did pipe organs work?
I'm aware of the manual bellows to provide air. But how was the keyboard "the manual" connected to the pipes? Modern organs use small electronic air valves at the base of each pipe. The electricity is diverted to the correct pipes by relays depending on which stops are pulled. Before electricity, wires or relays, how d...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eprntvp", "eprojk0" ], "text": [ "A *lot* of adjoined levers and pulley systems. Before the advent of electronic and digital systems everything was based on mechanical principles. Edit: [here is a YouTube video giving a rough explanation of a mechanical organs innards]( URL_0 )", "It'...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvqncj
Why are people complaining that the production of electric cars creates more pollution when driving them creates less in the long term?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eprqmp0", "eprt23k", "eprstv4" ], "text": [ "Because everything can be twisted to suit your own agenda if you only present half the story.", "Because large amounts of disinformation have been spread by people who stand to benefit from the status quo - a good example of this is [th...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvr2bi
the C computer language compiler was written in C. How did it get compiled if there was no C compiler until it was written?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eprydgr" ], "text": [ "The first C compiler was written in B. That sounds like a joke, I know, but it's true. C was originally called \"NB\" for \"New B.\" Dennis Ritchie wrote up the history of C for his website at Bell Labs, which you can read here: URL_0" ], "score": [ 7 ], "te...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvrz27
Why, after so many years, printers are still poorly designed and constantly run into problems?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eps52h3", "eps5sph" ], "text": [ "I suspect it's because the profit margins on printers are razor thin. It's the Gillette razor model - give away the printer and make money on ink/toner. But then these days the aftermarket ink/toner does a great job and yet the printer manufacturers have ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvwto6
Why aren't iPhone viruses more common? What does Apple do that makes iPhones so secure virus-wise?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "ept1teu" ], "text": [ "They don't allow iPhone owners to modify and screw around with their products as much as Google does with Android. The devices are locked down more. Also, they have much stricter quality control requirements for their App Store. The Google Play store deletes harmful app...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bvy0p6
Why don’t we see devices use B, C, and D batteries anymore? Or the square 9v ones?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eptbjfj", "epte9i1", "eptg5p6" ], "text": [ "The energy density and maximum power output of lithium ion batteries, combined with their decreasing cost, makes the idea of using large sets of C/D batteries unattractive. Why have a massive pack of replaceable cells when for a little extr...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw4hfo
Why aren’t commercial aircraft using electric engines? Aviation is a huge carbon emission source after all.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epv2k9h", "epv2hs3", "epv308b" ], "text": [ "Batteries are heavy. An electric airliner isn't really an option. They also need to fly frequently, landing to deliver passengers then turning around to take off with more, and recharging an aircraft for ages also won't work.", "The wei...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw55fs
How is a food recipe scaled up for mass production on an assembly line? Is it possible to maintain or come close to the original recipe when it's changed to be manufactured at a factory?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epv8mh8", "epvd9mk" ], "text": [ "Absolutely. Cooking is a series of mechanical and chemical processes to turn raw material into a finished product. It can be made and packaged in an assembly-line style factory. Honestly, I'm wondering if there's something deeper about your question that ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw68aw
How do restaurants charge your card for tips after having already run them?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epvguah" ], "text": [ "When they run your card, they are preauthorizing a charge to your card for the minimum amount of your bill with zero tip. They get approval from the card issuer for the minimum amount, but the transaction is left open until they know what tip you left. When they see the...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw8qnv
How you can isolate the vocals on a song using the instrumental
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epvx031" ], "text": [ "It depends on how the song is mixed, and it generally works better with tracks that are in mono rather than stereo. It’s to do with a thing called phase cancellation - exactly the same way noise cancelling headphones work. You play a sound, and at the same time you play...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw9cuc
How does a store know I'm stealing something?
Edit: to clarify. I'm talking about these vertical things near the entrance, which set an alarm off if you bring something unpaid for close
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epw0nny", "epw07xv" ], "text": [ "I’m not sure if I can write enough words for ELI5: Sensors by the door don’t work for everything, it’s only certain high value items, such an item will have a little strip on them that the cashier passes over something several times to deactivate when you...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bw9gwf
How do speakers work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epw0ic1", "epw0jw4" ], "text": [ "I can totally see how this is confusing, it might help to think about a speaker as a reverse ear - they both have surfaces that move with the changing air pressure. Your ear has no problem hearing two different tones at once. The reason this works is the ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwbynb
Why are there many gpu manufacturers (zotac, Asus, msi...) but onlz 2 pc CPU manufacturers?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epwi7uy", "epwhv2k" ], "text": [ "They're graphics card manufacturers, not GPU manufacturers. For the GPU the two largest manufacturers are nVidia and AMD, it's pretty much like with CPU's. They develop and create the GPU. Third party graphics card manufacturers can then make a deal with ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwebpl
How do apps like Apple Maps and Google Maps know how much traffic is present on a road? and how do they calculate the destination times accordingly?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epwylfk", "epx3tq6", "epwz6gc", "epwz3pe" ], "text": [ "There are many ways. One such way is to buy anonymous data from cell phone companies who track how many of their users move from tower to tower and how quickly. Given the geometry of cell sites, they can tell which users are ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwhvc3
How come your car's aircon needs topped up and recharged, but your fridge in your kitchen does not?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epxorlh" ], "text": [ "Your fridge is a pretty well closed off system where all the joints can be firmly sealed, and then it never moves for 10-20 years. Your car has a lot more flexible hoses and seals because it has to move the refrigerant from a compressor somewhere in the engine bay to yo...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwitm6
How do polarized lenses work?
I noticed while driving with my polarized sunglasses that if I rotated my head on a vertical axis, it would get lighter, then go darker as I orient my head normally. How does that happen? And why does everything seem 'crisper' in them?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epxwfao" ], "text": [ "Waves have a direction to them. Tldr:. Waves have a direction that they vibrate like up and down, or side to side. Polarized lenses essentially filter away one \"direction\" of the wave. It's easiest to imagine ocean waves, as they go up and down as they cruise along. I...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwj9qw
What is the purpose of different processors on the same phone?
I looked into the Galaxy S10 series recently and I saw that the US version uses the Snapdragon 855 while the International version uses the Exynos chip and there is a difference between those two chips in terms of performance. What is the reason behind that?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epy0b79" ], "text": [ "Samsung has a contract with Qualcomm to use their chips in the United States. Do some research on it as it's kinda interesting! They've been locked in with Qualcomm for a long time. Everywhere else samsung produces their own Exynos chip." ], "score": [ 8 ], ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwltei
How does telephones actually work? How can someone in other part of the world hear my voice or sounds through the telephone with almost no delay?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epygc6e", "epyh6iq" ], "text": [ "Old school telephones are little more than a couple of microphones and a couple of speakers connected by wire. The mouth piece of each telephone is a microphone. The microphone converts sound into an electrical signal, which can travel very quickly along ...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwmv6x
How does Tesla Autopilot work?
I know it has something to do with sensors and software but not much else.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epylzm9", "eq1pxc0" ], "text": [ "It is as combination of a lane-keeping assitant, and radar guided cruise control (except it doesn't use radar, it uses cameras, I THINK). That's pretty much all it is. I know it doesn't like working when there are no white lines to define the lane. It has...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwn1s6
How is blurring added to photos and videos and how can be removed?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epymudm" ], "text": [ "Natural blurring in photos and videos is from the focal point and depth of field. This cannot be removed. Blurring by software can be altered but will be different in case by case scenarios." ], "score": [ 5 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwnikc
In what situation would someone need 1.5TB RAM
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epypk2n", "epyps2d" ], "text": [ "High calculation applications. 3d design, animation, computational dynamics, physics simulations", "Database servers love RAM. So all you need is a database with more then 1.5TB of data and you make your database faster by putting so much ram in the s...
[ "url" ]
[ "url" ]
bwoi65
Why do movements in video games look so overly "smooth"?
I noticed this again recently when I was watching [this cyberpunk 2077]( URL_0 ) trailer. What is the reason for this unrealistic "smoothness" in the characters' movements? Surely it should be possible to add more realistic jerky, abrupt elements? Are there techological limits or are the reasons for not doing that arti...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epzdtvi" ], "text": [ "Former game dev here, & #x200B; There is actually a really big problem: the uncanny valley. In aesthetics, this refers to the degree of an object's resemblance to human appearance and your emotional response to it. In short, the closer we get to making something human, ...
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bwpr30
how do Android phones get slower over the years?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "epzbed5" ], "text": [ "The phone do not get slower but is is the software that is updated and newer version in general have more feature and require higher performance/memory on the phone. New software and OS is designed to use You often add more and more software where som it it run in the b...
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bwt1sn
How do thermometers work and how do they calculate what "it feels like."
Checking my phone for the temperature, I see that its currently 91 degrees but it feels like 99. Got me wondering how thermometers work/how they came to be and how they calculate "what it feels like."
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq03h1h", "eq03sx7", "eq06sxy" ], "text": [ "Thermometers often exploit the fact that materials expand/contract depending on temperature, and different materials do it at different rate. The \"feels like\" temperature is a mix of the real temperature and the humidity. Humidity decreas...
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bwwcsn
why are some of the Waybackmachine snapshots links broken/missing?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq0xf0i" ], "text": [ "There are many possible reasons. Maybe it was missed in the copy, or lost along the way to archiving. Some things have been removed through court orders or other legal actions. Maybe it was hosted on a different site, and that site had different robots instructions whic...
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bwwd2v
What are apertures, f-stops, How does depth of field work, and how does lens measurement factor into the equation?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq0wuxl" ], "text": [ "An ideal lens focuses light from a single plane (called the focal plane) onto its sensor. However, that's not super useful, as we often want to take pictures of things that are thick. As it turns out, there is a region around the focal plane where the image is still wel...
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bwwsf1
Can a phone call last forever (or at least until the phone itself deteriorates beyond function) if the phone stays plugged in to it's charger?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq13opd" ], "text": [ "I'm not sure if this applies to mobile phone networks, but way back when in the dark ages of technology (mid-90s), we had a single local phone company competing with BT, the national supplier. As a way to try to grow quickly, they offered innovative special offers, amon...
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bwwwwk
How does a Minecraft computer work?
Like how does it have memory, and be able to run applications and and what sort of functions can they do and how?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq10vbk", "eq1990g" ], "text": [ "Minecraft has something called redstone, which is able to simulate most logic circuits and electrical circuits. So you could theoretically build anything electronic that doesn't include audio or video circuitry. (Although there are sound blocks, so there ...
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bwy7sk
Why is it hard for phone companies to supply unlimited high speed data?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq1f1h9", "eq1dr84", "eq1e6vt" ], "text": [ "It’s not. They just like money. It’s the same reason the cable and internet companies are fighting to prevent cities from installing their own fiber optic lines, they want more money.", "It’s not hard for them to do. They could give you...
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bwzofa
How do ones and zeros make up complex computer programs????
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq1xsro", "eq1u2e4", "eq1swnr", "eq1sz40", "eq1v5zd", "eq1wrva" ], "text": [ "Like you're 5? I'm not sure I can pull that off, but I'll cover what I know and maybe that will help you. tl;dr: You build something basic to accomplish something basic. Then you put some basic t...
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bx55y0
Why does the quality of GIFs, pics deteriorate with each repost?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq3g7b1" ], "text": [ "If you simply copied the link to the original gif it would be fine. If you downloaded the original file and uploaded it to a service that doesn't apply any postprocessing it will be fine. But what typically happens is, when you upload the image to a hosting service, tha...
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bx6t6w
How a laser can improve/correct someone's eyesight.
How does laser eye surgery actually work? Which part of the eye are they working on and how is a laser the tool of choice?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq3uypx", "eq417po" ], "text": [ "I've had lasik. Basically removes the top (bad) layer of your eye so you can see clearly again.", "Your eye works kind of like a camera. It's got a lens system that focuses light onto the retina, the part of the eye that senses light. If the lens syst...
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bx8p1w
what’s a reference monitor and what’s it for?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq4ext7" ], "text": [ "Suppose the animator decides to make a character red. A specific red. Ferrari red. If some other monitor shows this color wrong as a cardinal red, it's very hard for a group to know who has the right color." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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bxc5wf
why do computers connect better to shoddy internet connections when phones and tablets don’t do well?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq56guj" ], "text": [ "If you're talking about LAN connections then it will always be faster than a wireless connection as it is wired and transmits data without much interference. Even if you put wireless cards in your desktop or use laptops it will still be faster than phone using the same ...
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bxe4n2
The purpose/use of the speculations of computers/laptops.
I've always just seen the most mainstream processors or the most popular graphics card to use but little do you know, I have no idea what their functions are and their purpose.
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq5p0bj" ], "text": [ "If you're talking about [speculative execution]( URL_1 ), its purpose is to speed up processors. Processors are actually doing many things at a time in a process called pipelining. A common analogy is [laundry]( URL_0 ) - if you're trying to do many loads of laundry in ...
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bxh56r
subnet mask in networking
Trying to understand what a subnet mask is in a networking crash course for work training. Please help 🙏🏼
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq6mcnz", "eq6xpvw" ], "text": [ "An IP address describes 2 things: a network, and a specific host on that network. You can think of it like a first and last name, which describes a family and a specific person in that family. The subnet mask is like the space between the first and last n...
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bxiwgq
What are hypersonic missiles ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq72py5" ], "text": [ "Missiles that travel faster than Mach 5. Supersonic is faster than the speed of sound up to Mach 5, then Hypersonic is above that." ], "score": [ 10 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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bxj882
How does the Turing test work, and why is it still debatable whether it has been passed or not?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq760jk", "eq7brt1" ], "text": [ "Simple. You are put in a room with a 2 keyboards and 2 screens. On one end there is a person, on the other, a programm. You ask both whatever questions you want, for how long you want. The person is not trying to trick you. If you can't figure out reliabl...
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bxjgx0
How did people construct wells before modern drilling and how dangerous was it?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq78quh", "eq7dczi", "eq7nvfz", "eq8acpp", "eq8ucci" ], "text": [ "Dig with a shovel. I've got an open well on my property that my great grandfather dug. He dug it with a shovel and shored up there walls with sandstone creek rocks as he went down. Some of the best water I've e...
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bxjkxe
why do digital numbers bounce?
ELI5: When I’m chewing something crunchy, like Captain Crunch why do the numbers on my microwave bounce?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq79ovp", "eq7a4mo", "eq7heyl" ], "text": [ "The numbers on the microwave aren't solidly lit, they blink really fast. They have a high enough refresh rate that you can't tell under normal circumstances. When you chew something crunchy, the crunching is shaking your head and making tha...
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bxknyq
What is the CoC controvery in the Linux community?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq7si8v", "eq7rmg5" ], "text": [ "A touch of relevant history: A contributor on the Opal project made inflammatory remarks about trans people. A trans activist named Coraline Ada Ehmke caught wind and originally tried to get the contributor removed from the project; project leadership com...
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bxlk9l
The Internet isn't a physical web of information, so what is it?
My Papaw asked me how the internet worked once, and I really couldn't give him a straight answer. This man believes the internet is a physical tangible web of information up in space that astronauts can just go to anytime they want. Please help me enlighten him!
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq7tpma", "eq7twrf", "eq8039r" ], "text": [ "It's a network, connecting other networks, hence the name. Through these networks email and web page requests can be relayed from your personal computer to a server computer providing services you desire.", "The internet is computers ta...
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bxqio8
When switching from one WiFi to another, how come it shuts off the internet while switching, and can’t pass it over without an interruption?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq91szo", "eq93g3r" ], "text": [ "That's because your device has to \"prep\" a lot of configurations such as encryption keys, protocols etc. Think of it as switching the battery in your car, you first gotta unplug it, check which wire goes well, reassure you did it correctly and then proc...
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bxsl8p
What is white noise?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eq9doq7", "eq9ei3l" ], "text": [ "Radios have an \"automatic gain control\" (AGC). When the reception is weak, the circuit that deals with the radio frequencies turns up it's amplification to try and get the best signal it can so it can then extract what actual audio it can. When the gain...
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bxz9xx
Why do some recent films from the 2000s need to go through a remaster process into higher resolutions like 4K? Aren't the original source files already at their native resolution, especially if they were filmed digitally?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqas3gf", "eqb1a18", "eqbogvo", "eqb6s5b", "eqbpmsk", "eqbsgoj", "eqbyf5o", "eqboy8w", "eqbciop" ], "text": [ "No, there was still a lot of film used in the 2000s. Even so, digitization for HD (1080) is very different from digitization for 4K (2160) because dif...
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bxzv8a
Noise canceling headphones works by picking up sound and playing the reversing the sound wave. But how does this happen in real-time?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqayn35", "eqaz6vs" ], "text": [ "Well in electrical terms all you have to do is flip the signal so positive values are negative and vice-versa. This can literally be done by wiring a mic the 'wrong' way round. Of course headsets do use a little chip for this to also apply some processing...
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by1n4o
How are rain chances calculated?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqbq8gm" ], "text": [ "Its a historical comparison. The weather man says \"50% chance of rain\" he means \"half the time the conditions (temp, humidity, etc) are like this, it rains\"." ], "score": [ 4 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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by2xtv
Did old films really looked that bad back when filmed or it's just because it's deterioration over time?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqc50lm", "eqcaz2r" ], "text": [ "Depending on which version of an old film you saw, it could have even looked worse back then. A lot of the versions you see now have been remastered.", "TL;DR - The quality of a film negative itself has gotten better over time in addition to our abili...
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by9da4
when a 2.40:1 movie was cropped to 4:3 for old TV screens, you could see more in the top and bottom of a shot then when it was in 2.40:1. Why?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqfbfgb" ], "text": [ "You're describing films that were shot in \"matted\" style. The original standard aspect ratio of most films was about 4:3 (technically 1.37:1) until TV came along. TVs adopted Hollywood's 4:3 ratio, but to combat the competition Hollywood began producing films in wides...
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by9yz6
ACPI and UEFI. What are they and why do computers needs them?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqf2f2s" ], "text": [ "So, ACPI and UEFI are two separate things, so we'll handle them separately. * ACPI (*Advanced Configuration and Power Interface*) provides an open standard whereby the operating system and hardware components can talk to each other; ACPI advertises the hardware and its ...
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bydwlk
Why is 5G exceptionally faster than 4G/3G ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqgja67" ], "text": [ "It isn't. If you go to 5G and have much better speeds, then that's only because you were getting slower 4G than you could have been. 4G networks can, in ideal situations, deliver speeds up to about half a gigabit. You probably don't get anywhere near that! I know I don'...
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byg17y
How does computer memory work?
When you physically save a file, like a photo or a word document, how is it physically saved? Where is that document physically? I believe there are two modern memory devices, HDD and SDD, but how do they work? How can a Hard Disk Drive be ‘scratched’ the right way to save my essays? And when I save a file to a flash d...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqha4v1" ], "text": [ "What you're talking about is called disk or storage. Memory is a different part of the computer, also called RAM. With a traditional disk drive (HDD \\ Hard Disk Drive) there is a spinning metal disk that is given magnetic charges that represent ones and zeros. Those on...
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bygz7v
Why are RGB LEDs bad at producing purple (and nearby variants)?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhw23r" ], "text": [ "Are they? RGB can represent millions of colours, purple too" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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byhvqq
How does Google Stadia or other gaming streaming services work?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhqtes" ], "text": [ "The game, is run normally on a machine in one of Google's (or whoever's) data-center. Your computer sends it your inputs (so controller/mouse movements and button presses) which are fed into the game. The server then sends you the video stream of the game, just like you...
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byi0mg
Helicopter Spinning Blades
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhqeuy" ], "text": [ "They match the frames per second the camera captures at. So every 'photo' the camera takes is close to matching the speed of the rotor." ], "score": [ 5 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }
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byich5
Why do Live-streams usually have such a high quality when Video Calls are often low resolution and stutter-y?
Aren’t they essentially the same technology? A video and audio feed being streamed to another location?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhvdkw", "eqhzf3m", "eqikam7", "eqimubn", "eqivsib" ], "text": [ "At the most basic level, live streamers tend to have higher quality cameras, as well as higher bandwidth upload speeds. This means more, higher quality data can be sent.", "Couple reasons.. 1. Live streams ...
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byifft
What determines the "computing power" of CPU cores? Why is an ARM core generally considered less "powerful" than an x86 core?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhx8rd", "eqi1zjs" ], "text": [ "This is a very complex question if I get in depth on the engineering decisions that make them different, but without that, it becomes oversimplified. Heat. Think of phones as ultra small computers. Unless you want a fan in your phone, they depend on passi...
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byih0c
What is preventing us from effectively storing energy harnessed by windmills and solar panels?
Here in Denmark, we frequently have to sell excess power gathered by especially windmills at very low prices to neighbouring countries, because we are not really able to store it anywhere. Is this a matter of the sheer amount of energy that has to be stored or are there other variables involved?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqhxka3", "eqhxkpb" ], "text": [ "You have to turn the energy in potential energy and then later release it to get electricity again. This is always a process that involves some losses. You can improve the efficiency a bit, but you will always have some loss. There are many ways you can s...
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byj3um
Why do some games (e.g. Minecraft) need a launcher instead of directly launching the game ?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqi3pz1" ], "text": [ "There are at least a few reasons. The launchers that many games have now allow the game to check for updates when you open the launcher. It also allows for in game stores and advertising. There are probably many technical reasons as well, but this is why a lot of compan...
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bykcy7
How can cell phones send signals such long distances?
Massive cell towers and powerful broadcasting equipment are required to get the signal to your phone, so why isn't it required to get the signal from your phone to the towers?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqiju55", "eqiloy4" ], "text": [ "The big cell towers are there to provide broad geographic coverage and handle thousands of calls at once. The size and power is not related to communicating with one phone but thousands. The receiving antennas in the cell towers are able to pick up your w...
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bykf3z
How does Alexa read so naturally from a book, with proper inflection, etc.?
I asked Alexa to read from a book in my kindle library, and I was surprised that "she" read so naturally. I was kind of expecting a more monotone, computer-sounding voice-- it's a pleasant female voice, of course, but I wasn't expecting so much natural expression, for example, rising at the end when the sentence was a ...
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqil9g9", "eqj2crv" ], "text": [ "I'm not an expert on AI either, but I believe that Alexa can train herself to get better. Same goes with Siri, Google, and other assistants. Millions of users talk to them every day, and by listening to the users, they can recognize speech patterns, and e...
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bykq8m
How do noise canceling headphones... Cancel noise? Could they be "upgraded" to silence concerts? Gun shots?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqipvnn", "eqityr5", "eqiveda" ], "text": [ "Okay so sound is a wave. Noise cancellation works by listening to the waves on the background and then outputting the opposite wave to cancel it out. Think of sound as waves in a tub, you can stop them if you do a \"counter wave\" movement ...
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bymtet
Why does 5GHZ seem to be the ceiling for conventional desktop overclocking?
I know that overclockers can push CPUs s further than that, but ~5GHZ seems to be the clockspeed today's CPUs max out on since 2011. Why is that?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqji4dw", "eqjho4q", "eqjozd4", "eqksgvn", "eqjip30", "eqke8yd", "eqlu4dq" ], "text": [ "CPU speed is limited by time of transmission and heat. The electrical signal has to be transmitted through microscopic wires in a chip. Though the theoretical limit is the speed of...
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bynhgp
How does stretch tape stick to itself when pressure is applied to it, but not feel sticky to the touch?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqka98d", "eqkvt2p", "eqmd7qa" ], "text": [ "It’s kind of like Velcro but instead of hooks and loops that stick together, there are little folds/grooves that fit in together which will hold the sides of tape together.", "It seems there are several types of tape referred to as stre...
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byqe9y
What is the point of the machine (clapperboard) that starts a film?
Technology
explainlikeimfive
{ "a_id": [ "eqketj4", "eqkeov8", "eqkf9dp", "eqkj9gf" ], "text": [ "It’s used by movie editors/producers to synchronize the audio and video. In the old days, it would have the scene/take numbers on it, too. You could synchronize your video to your audio by listening to and looking at the clap...
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