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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: TypeError
Message: Couldn't cast array of type string to null
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1779, in _prepare_split_single
for key, table in generator:
^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 299, in _generate_tables
self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 128, in _cast_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2321, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2255, in cast_table_to_schema
cast_array_to_feature(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1804, in wrapper
return pa.chunked_array([func(chunk, *args, **kwargs) for chunk in array.chunks])
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2011, in cast_array_to_feature
_c(array.field(name) if name in array_fields else null_array, subfeature)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1806, in wrapper
return func(array, *args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2095, in cast_array_to_feature
return array_cast(
^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1806, in wrapper
return func(array, *args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1957, in array_cast
raise TypeError(f"Couldn't cast array of type {_short_str(array.type)} to {_short_str(pa_type)}")
TypeError: Couldn't cast array of type string to null
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1348, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 980, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 882, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 943, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1646, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1832, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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anon_1ad64e33645da046 | 2011-02-25T21:51:42 | AskAcademia | Hey Academia, Where Can I Compare Graduate Schools Objectively?
Is there some kind of online database that rates graduate schools based on acceptance or demographics or other qualitative traits? | Those seem like pretty specific traits.
There are *university* rankings that might be helpful to you, although they aren't generally for specific graduate programs. In most cases you can get a breakdown of how much of the university's overall score comes from, say, number of international students and faculty, and how... | I'm not certain what field you're in, but in mine (biochemistry) I would say that the quality of the _supervisor_ is most important. A strong department is good because it provides a support mechanism, but as a graduate student you will be spending 95% of your time in the lab.
As such, I'd recommend looking for top pr... | {
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anon_1ad64e33645da046 | 2011-02-25T21:51:42 | AskAcademia | Hey Academia, Where Can I Compare Graduate Schools Objectively?
Is there some kind of online database that rates graduate schools based on acceptance or demographics or other qualitative traits? | I'm not certain what field you're in, but in mine (biochemistry) I would say that the quality of the _supervisor_ is most important. A strong department is good because it provides a support mechanism, but as a graduate student you will be spending 95% of your time in the lab.
As such, I'd recommend looking for top pr... | I'm not certain what field you're in, but in mine (biochemistry) I would say that the quality of the _supervisor_ is most important. A strong department is good because it provides a support mechanism, but as a graduate student you will be spending 95% of your time in the lab.
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anon_b0251cf35b7cd821 | 2011-03-10T20:56:30 | AskAcademia | What happens in a PhD defense? (x-post from Ask Science)
I asked this over in r/askscience, but it's probably better suited here.
Original post: http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g1e9j/what_happens_in_a_phd_defense/
I'm going to defend my thesis pretty soon. I'll have to do a presentation an my research, t... | Hey, I defended my Ph.d last year in Astrophysics, and it's not fun. But if your adviser considers you prepped for defense, chances are you are
Couple of rules:
1) This is your baby, you know EVERYTHING about it...including some of the stuff that you're going to make up on the spot when they ask you things you don't k... | Hey, I defended my Ph.d last year in Astrophysics, and it's not fun. But if your adviser considers you prepped for defense, chances are you are
Couple of rules:
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anon_b0251cf35b7cd821 | 2011-03-10T20:56:30 | AskAcademia | What happens in a PhD defense? (x-post from Ask Science)
I asked this over in r/askscience, but it's probably better suited here.
Original post: http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/g1e9j/what_happens_in_a_phd_defense/
I'm going to defend my thesis pretty soon. I'll have to do a presentation an my research, t... | They will ask just about everything you can think of and many, many things you cannot think of. There isn't a lot of point for trying to prep for the latter, and you should already be all right on the former just because you've written your thesis.
The main questions that got me were the very basic ones that I "should... | Hey, I defended my Ph.d last year in Astrophysics, and it's not fun. But if your adviser considers you prepped for defense, chances are you are
Couple of rules:
1) This is your baby, you know EVERYTHING about it...including some of the stuff that you're going to make up on the spot when they ask you things you don't k... | {
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anon_e2349e517f003c8d | 2011-03-25T07:47:59 | AskAcademia | Could you please help me identify a referencing style? (x-post from /askscience)
Hi guys, my university is requesting I use a particular referencing style which is similar to APA, but slightly different. I was wondering if any of you as readers of journal articles could identify this as the style of a particular journ... | Try copying and editing a CSL file in "c:\program files\mendeley\citation styles\" (on PC). They're just xml files. | Second most requested feature. They've started on it. http://feedback.mendeley.com/forums/4941-mendeley-feedback | {
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anon_44736d4dd2e97214 | 2011-03-29T05:21:49 | AskAcademia | How do you manage stress and the overwhelming near-graduation dread?
I am a criminal justice master's student who is one small paper (not worried over it, a soc paper on criminal theory) away from finishing all of my classes; however, my thesis is hanging over my head. My original chair left the University when I had ... | Perhaps you could talk to an advisor? They advise academic as well as personal troubles. | Perhaps you could talk to an advisor? They advise academic as well as personal troubles. | {
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anon_44736d4dd2e97214 | 2011-03-29T05:21:49 | AskAcademia | How do you manage stress and the overwhelming near-graduation dread?
I am a criminal justice master's student who is one small paper (not worried over it, a soc paper on criminal theory) away from finishing all of my classes; however, my thesis is hanging over my head. My original chair left the University when I had ... | This is normal, but that doesn't mean you have to deal with it alone. Go to student health services and tell them you'd like to see someone in mental health for help dealing with stress. They see lots of students in your situation, so they most likely have someone (a psychiatrist, psychologist, counselor, or whatever) ... | Perhaps you could talk to an advisor? They advise academic as well as personal troubles. | {
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anon_bf9c6bd2edc9a6cc | 2011-03-31T13:36:08 | AskAcademia | I am going for an academic job interview soon. What should I expect?
This is a tenure-track faculty job I'm going for in biomechanics. It's scheduled for 2 days and I'll be giving an hour-long presentation (I'll talk about how I view the field and how my dissertation fits into that). I also have meetings set up wit... | I won't be much help as I'm just a grad student looking in but my department is currently going through the hiring process but...
In my department there is a social science/hard science division. So when candidates are giving their presentation they try and balance general knowledge with your area of specialization. B... | I won't be much help as I'm just a grad student looking in but my department is currently going through the hiring process but...
In my department there is a social science/hard science division. So when candidates are giving their presentation they try and balance general knowledge with your area of specialization. B... | {
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anon_fee65b3eb5ecfcbd | 2011-04-02T17:24:21 | AskAcademia | Where can i get a Scientific Paper, which i don't have access to.
Hi reddit,
i need help. I am writing my bachelor thesis and i need one special paper, which i don't have access to :
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16767481
Has anybody a good tip, how i can access this( i'm a poor undergrad ) | I see you have your answer, but in the future I highly recommend making a post in [r/Scholar](http://www.reddit.com/r/scholar). They're a fantastic resource for getting access to publications, and with thousands more members than AskAcademia you're likely to get a quick response. | I searched Web of Science and it was on there. My University has access to a wide range of journals so I just searched and it was available to me so I DL'd it for ya. | {
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anon_fee65b3eb5ecfcbd | 2011-04-02T17:24:21 | AskAcademia | Where can i get a Scientific Paper, which i don't have access to.
Hi reddit,
i need help. I am writing my bachelor thesis and i need one special paper, which i don't have access to :
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16767481
Has anybody a good tip, how i can access this( i'm a poor undergrad ) | I just realized that I helped you out, but never gave you an answer.
When I can't get a journal I just search Google hardcore. Enter the article title and tons of results pop-up, one of them is bound to be available.
Otherwise, PM me and I'll locate them for you ... In the name of science! | I searched Web of Science and it was on there. My University has access to a wide range of journals so I just searched and it was available to me so I DL'd it for ya. | {
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"user_id": "anon_c6d4b8bfd6ca09c7",
"author_flair_text": "MSc - Geography/Remote Sensing",
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anon_3e53b265ea93d78b | 2011-04-03T06:33:32 | AskAcademia | Computer science vs Electrical Engineering as undergrad major
So I'm deciding my major. EE and CS both seem great although I was planning on doing CS until my friend talked up EE. Whats the day to day like and whats enjoyable about each?
EE seems more limited in what they do but maybe not, talk about the fun days at y... | Software engineering is much closer to CS. EE does produce a lot of programmers, but there is more of an emphasis on hardware and electronics.
A computer scientist will typically interact with personal computers, clusters/supercomputers, and databases. An electrical engineer will interact with chips, microcontroller... | Software engineering is much closer to CS. EE does produce a lot of programmers, but there is more of an emphasis on hardware and electronics.
A computer scientist will typically interact with personal computers, clusters/supercomputers, and databases. An electrical engineer will interact with chips, microcontroller... | {
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"explanation": "The reply provides a clear comparison of the day-to-day activities and focus areas of both CS and EE, helping the OP understand what each major involves."
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anon_3f3a055701dd2a87 | 2011-04-06T17:11:45 | AskAcademia | Looking for "bad" neuroscience articles
I'm currently teaching an introductory behavioral neuroscience class at the undergrad level, and I'm looking for some "bad" neuroscience articles from the popular press or blogs. I'm defining "bad" as lacking critical thinking, confusing correlation and causation, misinterpreti... | http://www.badscience.net/index.php?s=neuroscience | http://www.badscience.net/index.php?s=neuroscience | {
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"explanation": "The reply provides a link to a resource that likely contains examples of 'bad' neuroscience articles, which is what the original post was seeking."
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anon_27272828681953a6 | 2011-05-06T01:33:14 | AskAcademia | Question about Fair Use related to using copyrighted music. Can I use this music in a video that I make for the purposes of reviewing/ commenting on said music?
I am just starting a website for a project I am doing where I am listening to music albums that I normally wouldn't listen to and trying to appreciate them, a... | Let me start by saying that I am not a lawyer. I am an academic librarian so I do get asked about this stuff. This is my best understanding, but you really should talk to a lawyer to be safe.
There are no hard and fast rules, but a review is generally considered a transformative use of intellectual property so use of ... | Let me start by saying that I am not a lawyer. I am an academic librarian so I do get asked about this stuff. This is my best understanding, but you really should talk to a lawyer to be safe.
There are no hard and fast rules, but a review is generally considered a transformative use of intellectual property so use of ... | {
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anon_c6d4b8bfd6ca09c7 | 2011-04-08T01:51:00 | AskAcademia | Presentation Tips???
Hey guys,
So tomorrow I will be presenting my research proposal to the entire department.
I usually get fairly nervous before hand and was wondering if anybody had some tips.. whether it be on reducing nerves or an effective style, etc... I know the topic pretty well so I'm not too concerned bu... | Remember you are the expert on your topic in the room. Also, the worst that happens if you mess up a point is somebody asks you about it.
Pretend you are presenting your work to a layman. Don't assume that everyone knows everything about your field already. Assume a basic knowledge, but I find that the presenter who c... | If you begin to get tongue-tied and end up in a downward-spiral of gibberish and inarticulation, just stop. Take a deep breath inward. Then start back up and start over and continue on like the problem never happened.
One of the biggest mistakes I see with amateur presentations is that if something does go wrong, th... | {
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anon_69eef5325b3ceb50 | 2011-05-25T21:53:45 | AskAcademia | Postdoc for 3+ years needs help overcoming academic burnout.
I've been working for 3+ years at an unproductive postdoc (biology), writing grants (for my boss) and working on other people's projects. Although I do my best to be dutiful postdoc, my boss doesn't like me very much or my work (unless a grant I write gets ... | Honestly, I think you should consider a hiatus from academia. A friend of mine went through almost exactly the same situation and it just wore her down more and more to the point where she withdrew from friends - wouldn't even come out with us on weekends because she was so miserable. She left, is working in the privat... | Honestly, I think you should consider a hiatus from academia. A friend of mine went through almost exactly the same situation and it just wore her down more and more to the point where she withdrew from friends - wouldn't even come out with us on weekends because she was so miserable. She left, is working in the privat... | {
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anon_e81b5329c9d12065 | 2011-06-12T05:53:56 | AskAcademia | IAMA Psychology graduate interested in computer science and have no idea where to start
Specifically, I am interested in applying psychology to computers (such as UI, AI, or other R&D) and have no idea where to start. So far I've been looking for job openings in my area, but all require a CS or engineering degree just... | I don't think you'll get very far without a more advanced knowledge.
Someone working directly in the field might have a better suggestion, but I say become proficient in Java and learn C++. Knowing a few languages well will bolster your resume.
Wherever you end up, you may never use Java and C++ again. But knowing th... | First off, thank you. I believe every science benefits from interaction with other sciences, and I think CS and psychology have a lot to share with each other.
Before getting into languages, you'll probably want to familiarize yourself with some of the theory of computation. [Introduction to the Theory of Computation]... | {
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anon_9fe20712b00d184d | 2011-06-28T20:57:40 | AskAcademia | Can I get into grad school with student loan debt?
...in default? | The question then is; "With my current loans in default, can I get more?"
Probably not. If you can make your account 'current' enough (through forbearance or paying down your past due amount) you can then get loans and once in school, you won't be required to pay them down.
/DISCLAIMER: I'M NOT A FINANCIAL AID OFFICE... | The question then is; "With my current loans in default, can I get more?"
Probably not. If you can make your account 'current' enough (through forbearance or paying down your past due amount) you can then get loans and once in school, you won't be required to pay them down.
/DISCLAIMER: I'M NOT A FINANCIAL AID OFFICE... | {
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anon_59f9fee303d03c89 | 2011-07-10T01:23:29 | AskAcademia | Grad schools for Pharmacology?
Just looking ahead, does anyone know any good grad schools to get a phd in pharmacology? | Step one: look up papers of the type of research you are interested in. Step two: see who the authors are on that paper. Step three: see what schools and programs they are associated with. Step four: look up said school and program. There you go, now you have your list of relevant programs actually doing the ki... | Step one: look up papers of the type of research you are interested in. Step two: see who the authors are on that paper. Step three: see what schools and programs they are associated with. Step four: look up said school and program. There you go, now you have your list of relevant programs actually doing the ki... | {
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anon_12eab9093c2998e6 | 2011-07-12T23:00:22 | AskAcademia | Advice on contacting professors of interest before applying to a grad program?
I'm a pretty competitive applicant (molecular biology-5 yrs research, publications, good grades and GRE) but I know that having some potential contacts would give my application an edge-Should I send emails introducing myself as a potential... | [This thread](http://www.reddit.com/r/GradSchool/comments/ilbei/what_to_put_in_first_contact_email_to_possible/) may be of interest to you, covered at r/gradschool. | >Should I send emails introducing myself as a potential applicant to everyone I am interested in working with?
I can't say for sure, as I don't know the etiquette for sciency stuff, but for humanities programs, the answer is absolutely yes. The more they know about you (and why you want to study with Prof. X) the bett... | {
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anon_16a2cfd89525df8c | 2011-07-22T01:00:28 | AskAcademia | Need help processing thoughts on grad school
Here's my issue: I love studying. I feel such a sense of accomplishment when I take a class, master it, and walk away with an A or A+. I listen to podcasts HowStuffWorks.com put out every night before bed. I watch documentaries in my free time. Everything that I find fun in... | > so we'll see how well I'll fair
*fare | I would say to steer clear of the mindset of "I want to go to grad school, I just don't know what for yet."
Get some real life experience to help you figure out what you want to do. If that requires a graduate degree, then you'll follow that path.
My field is public health. It's a very broad field, but one area o... | {
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anon_16a2cfd89525df8c | 2011-07-22T01:00:28 | AskAcademia | Need help processing thoughts on grad school
Here's my issue: I love studying. I feel such a sense of accomplishment when I take a class, master it, and walk away with an A or A+. I listen to podcasts HowStuffWorks.com put out every night before bed. I watch documentaries in my free time. Everything that I find fun in... | I would say to steer clear of the mindset of "I want to go to grad school, I just don't know what for yet."
Get some real life experience to help you figure out what you want to do. If that requires a graduate degree, then you'll follow that path.
My field is public health. It's a very broad field, but one area o... | I would say to steer clear of the mindset of "I want to go to grad school, I just don't know what for yet."
Get some real life experience to help you figure out what you want to do. If that requires a graduate degree, then you'll follow that path.
My field is public health. It's a very broad field, but one area o... | {
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anon_16a2cfd89525df8c | 2011-07-22T01:00:28 | AskAcademia | Need help processing thoughts on grad school
Here's my issue: I love studying. I feel such a sense of accomplishment when I take a class, master it, and walk away with an A or A+. I listen to podcasts HowStuffWorks.com put out every night before bed. I watch documentaries in my free time. Everything that I find fun in... | > I find myself more passionately drawn...communities, from which I come.
Maybe look into [social work](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_work)? | I would say to steer clear of the mindset of "I want to go to grad school, I just don't know what for yet."
Get some real life experience to help you figure out what you want to do. If that requires a graduate degree, then you'll follow that path.
My field is public health. It's a very broad field, but one area o... | {
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anon_37624ab317a8b2bb | 2011-07-10T02:32:23 | AskAcademia | Genetic Counseling degree for a genetic engineer?
Hey, high school student here. I'm at that point where colleges are around the corner in my life and I am thinking about choices that may effect my entire life D:
The college I am really thinking about, Boston University, has no MS program for plain genetics. Instead... | Genetic engineering (modifying organisms' DNA and expression for particular goals), genetic counseling (advising patients about inherited conditions), and genetics (the study of molecules and structures of DNA) are quite distinct fields employing different skillets. All three disciplines will be valued in different way... | PI=principal investigator, the (usually) guy who runs the independent research enterprise ("lab") and is responsible for directing projects and securing the incoming money. They move on through retirement/death, being offered a better deal elsewhere (bigger lab, more people, newer kit, etc.), dirty politics, or other r... | {
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anon_28a98f04dff573b6 | 2011-07-23T02:02:28 | AskAcademia | Math/CS Double Major or Honours CS?
Hi. I'm going into University at a Canadian institution this fall and I'd like some advice. My ultimate goal after post-secondary school is to get involved in research, be it for academia or industry. I want to work in computers science (Pure Maths has crossed my mind from time to t... | You might have more luck (or at least a greater proportion of appropriately knowledgeable people) in this [subreddit](http://www.reddit.com/r/compsci/).
Hope you find what you're looking for! | You might have more luck (or at least a greater proportion of appropriately knowledgeable people) in this [subreddit](http://www.reddit.com/r/compsci/).
Hope you find what you're looking for! | {
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anon_06acee9741df6ccb | 2011-07-25T01:51:52 | AskAcademia | I messed up, how much will this affect me for grad school?
So last night, I was going to go to a party with a bunch of my friends, and the end result was that me and three other people were arrested for underage drinking. My trial isn't for about three weeks, but the officers said it will most likely go on my record ... | IIRC, there weren't any questions like this on my application. YMMV, of course. Regardless of whether they ask, bear in mind that the application process is a 'package deal' for nearly all schools. Competitive, of course, but on a whole-person level.
That said, I'm almost done with a PhD in US History. I think you sh... | IIRC, there weren't any questions like this on my application. YMMV, of course. Regardless of whether they ask, bear in mind that the application process is a 'package deal' for nearly all schools. Competitive, of course, but on a whole-person level.
That said, I'm almost done with a PhD in US History. I think you sh... | {
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anon_37624ab317a8b2bb | 2011-07-10T02:32:23 | AskAcademia | Genetic Counseling degree for a genetic engineer?
Hey, high school student here. I'm at that point where colleges are around the corner in my life and I am thinking about choices that may effect my entire life D:
The college I am really thinking about, Boston University, has no MS program for plain genetics. Instead... | Also, apropos:
http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=1436 | PI=principal investigator, the (usually) guy who runs the independent research enterprise ("lab") and is responsible for directing projects and securing the incoming money. They move on through retirement/death, being offered a better deal elsewhere (bigger lab, more people, newer kit, etc.), dirty politics, or other r... | {
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anon_a5e48b95a7a3af68 | 2011-07-26T11:15:31 | AskAcademia | What do I need to know about grants?
I'm a first year graduate student in biomedical engineering and I don't know anything about grants. What are the different types of grants? Do they pay for just equipment or also for personnel? Who applies for a grant and what do you need (data-wise, credentials) do apply for one? | Here's the basics on the main US NIH grants.
R01 - Four to five years ~250k/year. Pays for everything. Requires A LOT of data and credentials.
R21 - Shorter term. Sort of like a "grant that lets you get the stuff to make an R01." Still requires preliminary data, even though it says it does not. Pays for everything.
... | Here's the basics on the main US NIH grants.
R01 - Four to five years ~250k/year. Pays for everything. Requires A LOT of data and credentials.
R21 - Shorter term. Sort of like a "grant that lets you get the stuff to make an R01." Still requires preliminary data, even though it says it does not. Pays for everything.
... | {
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anon_d60459ae3aad25dc | 2011-07-29T14:50:05 | AskAcademia | Can anyone give the work that contains this letter from Thoreau?
I posted this question in r/literature, but the subreddit doesn't seem to be visited very often. I'm hoping one of you can help me out.
I was wondering if anyone knew the source of this message from Thoreau:
"My dear,
Do not catalog me upon “the mass o... | Edit: Nevermind, I'm stupid and didn't read all the way through. | Edit: Nevermind, I'm stupid and didn't read all the way through. | {
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anon_6ecfdf04238f0afd | 2011-08-01T06:39:55 | AskAcademia | Best way to fund master's of science thesis?
I'm currently working on a master's thesis that pertains to hydrology and wildfire. So far, I've stumbled on to some NSF grants that sound applicable, there is at least one funding opportunity in my department per semester, and came across a site called Grant Select -- a li... | Please don't take this the wrong way, but the *best* way to fund your thesis is to work for a professor that can pay for it, or to choose a project you can pay for yourself (e.g., field observations, social science surveys, etc.). NSF and other grant agencies are good, but they generally fund a small percent of applic... | Please don't take this the wrong way, but the *best* way to fund your thesis is to work for a professor that can pay for it, or to choose a project you can pay for yourself (e.g., field observations, social science surveys, etc.). NSF and other grant agencies are good, but they generally fund a small percent of applic... | {
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anon_3890732a1ece64bc | 2011-08-04T16:57:13 | AskAcademia | if i get a PhD, will there be any significant difference in the range of jobs i can get if i go into biophysics vs. biochemistry vs. biotechnology?
i am torn between these three options. i like biophysics because protein folding and structure interests me greatly. i like biochemistry because the things that proteins c... | I don't think these distinctions matter too much. I am a nutritional biochem PhD student but I work in a molecular bio lab and study the structure of a receptor involved in inflammation. Your project and PI are all the matter. | I don't think these distinctions matter too much. I am a nutritional biochem PhD student but I work in a molecular bio lab and study the structure of a receptor involved in inflammation. Your project and PI are all the matter. | {
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anon_7d8f98f84fe525ca | 2011-08-05T17:40:44 | AskAcademia | Is there an online resource/social networking thing for lab scientists to go to when they get stuck?
Whenever most of my friends don't know how to do something at work..they can just google google google away and find the answer. Is there some sort of forum or online resource for molecular bio people? I've searched ... | I have found [NEB's Guide](http://www.neb.com/nebecomm/tech_reference/polymerases/PCR_troubleshooting_guide.asp) to be pretty comprehensive. In terms of trouble shooting I normally first try large temperature gradient. Then if you have non-specific binding try a DMSO gradient (lower Ta than normal). If you no product t... | 1. Talk to people around you who have experience with PCR.
2. /r/Askscience | {
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anon_fa49106865fb5e99 | 2011-08-13T21:00:26 | AskAcademia | How the hell is my GPA so high and my GRE score so low?
I am a UC Berkeley psychology undergrad **looking to do a PhD** in Psychology, Sociology, or Social Welfare (most likely social welfare). I'm a bit of a non-traditional student having taken 2 years off between high school and college, going to community college f... | From my perspective, as an undergrad also applying to psych phd programs this fall, take the GRE and try not to stress about the score you receive. Yes, unfortunately, it's something that's required for those programs you're interested in (the exception I believe is some LCSW programs which can be an alternative for y... | Some people just aren't great exam takers, or just don't take to the kind of exam that the GRE presents, and schools understand that. Your 4.0 major GPA at Berkley and your letters of recommendation will have a FAR FAR FAR bigger impact on your acceptance into grad school than your GRE scores will. Don't stress too muc... | {
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anon_3890732a1ece64bc | 2011-08-06T22:42:18 | AskAcademia | if a graduate program requires a course, and i am completely unable to take that class, what are my options?
i want to apply for biochemistry/biophysics graduate programs. i am a biology major with a focus in biotech. all of the programs that i want require physical chemistry. i can't take that class because it is at ... | I'm in a Biochemistry PhD program, and it was actually quite common for some of our students not to have physical chemistry. The program made you take it during your first or second year to fulfill the requirement, this does appear to be the norm at most places. You should not be denied admission as a result. All th... | Just take the course in the winter or summer (if paying for that isn't a problem); that will be by far the easiest option. Make sure to check that the session you are going to take meets the grad program's requirements; but I really doubt they are going to say no. Also, don't worry about the course being less rigorous ... | {
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anon_9f9f01b88ba5756b | 2011-08-18T14:00:24 | AskAcademia | Interview help?
Hello AskAcademia,
I have a job interview tomorrow for a part-time, entry level research assistant position in cancer biology. I have a BSc. in biochemistry. I want to be as prepared for this interview as possible and am reviewing potential interview questions and answers. I am having trouble finding ... | Don't forget to prepare questions to ask them, too. Their current and future funding sources, what future projects they're considering, whether you'll have your own project and have the opportunity to publish your own papers, etc. I don't know what questions will be relevant to your job necessarily... | Get a hold of a copy of 59 Seconds by Richard Wiseman and read the chapter on the psychology of interviews. That's the best prep I think you can have.
Also, if they're kitchy enough to ask you to list a personal weakness, be prepared with a real one (no cop-outs), but follow it up with ways you are solving the problem... | {
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anon_f80341d4abf6ab26 | 2011-08-23T12:59:31 | AskAcademia | Which cognitive science MA program should I pick if I am interested in religion and cognitive evolution?
Hi Reddit,
I am in a real bind with regards to my graduate education. My main interests are the cognitive science of religion, cognition and culture, and the evolution of cognition with reference to paleoanthropolo... | Are you looking for a course-based or thesis-based masters? If course-based, look at the courses offered, and find the set that will best fit you. If thesis based, you have to find a supervisor that you are compatible with (personality and interest-wise).
If you are weak in the cognitive portion, choose the school whi... | Are you looking for a course-based or thesis-based masters? If course-based, look at the courses offered, and find the set that will best fit you. If thesis based, you have to find a supervisor that you are compatible with (personality and interest-wise).
If you are weak in the cognitive portion, choose the school whi... | {
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anon_c1edc99c31a1d399 | 2011-08-27T00:47:57 | AskAcademia | What does it mean to 'get a first'.
From a book written in the early 1900's.
It's a passage talking about what someone was like at school and then goes on to say: "... though he was never seen to work, he managed, to the universal surprise, to get a first. He went down, and to the best of my belief was never seen in... | They're referring to [first marks](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification#International_comparisons). | They're referring to [first marks](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification#International_comparisons). | {
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anon_c1edc99c31a1d399 | 2011-08-27T00:47:57 | AskAcademia | What does it mean to 'get a first'.
From a book written in the early 1900's.
It's a passage talking about what someone was like at school and then goes on to say: "... though he was never seen to work, he managed, to the universal surprise, to get a first. He went down, and to the best of my belief was never seen in... | "Went down" means "leaving the university" (see [here](http://www.thefreedictionary.com/go) - it's the 4th meaning if you scroll down to "go down").
p.s. I hope you enjoy Maugham. | They're referring to [first marks](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification#International_comparisons). | {
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anon_a6adff7d60573351 | 2011-09-08T17:51:41 | AskAcademia | Finishing a degree in Biomedical Science and looking for advice on working abroad.
So Im studying Biomedical science here in Ireland. Its a five year course (4 years academic, 1 year work placement in a hospital lab) and I'm just going into my final year. Im hoping to work abroad once I'm finished and I'm wandering if... | /r/iwantout | /r/iwantout | {
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anon_df6c19dd9a5fc2cd | 2011-09-12T02:17:12 | AskAcademia | Study Cognitive Science; Where do I begin, where do I go?
I have after a few years of loafing about doing nothing in particular and generally been a bit of an oaf finally found myself a goal and purpose. I want to study Cognitive Science, I've always been interested in the subjects Cognitive Science seems to bring tog... | These are the (somewhat) introductory books that I'd recommend. They cover all the basic areas of cognitive science; its theoretical assumptions, its history, psychology, AI, and neuroscience.
- *The Mechanical Mind*, by Tim Crane
- *Mindware*, by Andy Clark
- *The Mind's New Science*, by Howard Gardner
- *Understand... | These are the (somewhat) introductory books that I'd recommend. They cover all the basic areas of cognitive science; its theoretical assumptions, its history, psychology, AI, and neuroscience.
- *The Mechanical Mind*, by Tim Crane
- *Mindware*, by Andy Clark
- *The Mind's New Science*, by Howard Gardner
- *Understand... | {
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anon_b9b308b6ab1501d1 | 2011-09-15T06:32:24 | AskAcademia | A little brainstorming about Academia for an article
I am writing a text regarding the Anthropology of Academia. I'm in the middle of a brainstorming about this :
-What is peculiar to a place of learning (for instance a University ) ?
What (object, place, behaviour, ritual, anything, really) exists in all places of l... | Something along the lines of community, passing along information from older to younger etc... | you should read cardinal newman minimally.
classrooms are moot
pomp and circumstance is moot, we do it for the parents and grandparents.
libraries are necessary
money is necessary
here's one you missed...
the clock. hallways or 'informal places where people gather'
behaviours... reading, talking, etc. | {
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anon_1b8cd8317b6d2a29 | 2011-09-17T17:28:14 | AskAcademia | Graduate program related to neuroscience/bioinformatics?
Hi! I'm a neuroscience major in my senior year of college. I'd like to enter a Ph.D. program right after I graduate, and my future goal is to research mental illness. Also, I did a bioinformatics internship this summer and I loved it, much more than wet lab.
Id... | Check out Stanford's program? | Check out Stanford's program? | {
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anon_fed97bbe476ef898 | 2011-09-21T22:20:45 | AskAcademia | what field of neuroscience is involved in studying consciousness? is it cognitive and computational neuroscience?
In short, im a fifth year egyptian medical student and i want to study neuroscience but since my country doesnt have a single neuroscience program, a medical degree was my choice.
Now i need some help to ... | Basic research tends to mean work on basic mechanisms of science. It can have clinical relevance, but they are not clinical studies. All animal studies would be considered basic research I think (except if you were actually studying something for veterinary patients!).
So, in your example, you could easily study the ... | Hi, did my Masters degree at UCL. They have the Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, which pretty much covers what you're interested in. They also have people in the cognitive psychology department that are do research in Bayesian networks. | {
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anon_584c8b688237af0a | 2011-09-27T07:00:07 | AskAcademia | Value-neutral social science?
C. Wright Mills understood sociology to be an inherently political endeavour. Max Weber espoused that it is important for sociology to remain value-neutral. However, is there a responsibility for academics (sociologists or otherwise) to sacrifice this neutrality, (in a sense becoming "pub... | It is absolutely impossible for there to be value-neutral social science (I would go farther and argue that *no science* can be value neutral, but I don't really want to spark that particular debate here).
As such, reflexivity - understanding how you as a researcher and individual are positioned within your own projec... | FYI, there exists /r/asksocialscience | {
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anon_a43e0c441a728475 | 2011-10-03T16:39:49 | AskAcademia | How to get an experiment published?
Hello /r/AskAcademia,
For a few months I’ve been working on an experiment, and I’d like to attempt to get this experiment and it’s results published. However, I have no idea how this publishing would work and what the best course of action is. Unfortunately I don’t have any connecti... | I don't see you having much success at publishing unless you can interest someone with a reputation and experience in the field in helping you. If you can't find such a person then, to be blunt, the experiment is a waste of time. | I would highly recommend that you first figure out how to *read* the literature before you work on *writing* the literature.
Without a thorough literature review how can you be so sure that you aren't repeating work that has already be done? | {
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anon_8b4d2504bed37f41 | 2011-10-03T22:19:08 | AskAcademia | I'm choosing a major. AskAcademia, is genetics a good decision?
I have enough money for a decent college but the pressure is really about what major I should choose. I was interested in the human genome project, but I was also interested in the aborigines. What does genetics entail, and is it a wise choice? I'll be on... | Yes, no science major is going to let you pass through without a lot (a *lot*) of math. Don't let that scare you off--the point is to learn it, and to learn it better. You'll have years to work on these skills, and plenty of professors, adjuncts, advisors and tutors to help you along. Trust me, I've taken three degrees... | [Population genetics](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_genetics) PhD student here.
There are so many potential things that even just "interpreting" genes could mean. Are you interested in figuring out what certain genes do, *a la* traditional genetics? If that's the case, then the biochemistry side of things ma... | {
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anon_94e4a61b1f33bd32 | 2011-10-07T14:36:26 | AskAcademia | How does the immune system respond to the common cold?
I was reading a little bit about the immune system and how it works. I know that after being infected by a microorganism the immune system maintains an immunological memory of the microorganism and then can rapidly deploy the proper defenses the next time the micr... | There are two types of immunity: innate and acquired. Innate is more general, acts quicker, but is not nearly as effective in eliminating pathogens. Acquired immunity involves the selection and propagation of antibodies that are specific to a pathogen. Antibodies are much better at eliminating pathogens, but the pro... | There are two types of immunity: innate and acquired. Innate is more general, acts quicker, but is not nearly as effective in eliminating pathogens. Acquired immunity involves the selection and propagation of antibodies that are specific to a pathogen. Antibodies are much better at eliminating pathogens, but the pro... | {
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anon_a43e0c441a728475 | 2011-10-03T16:39:49 | AskAcademia | How to get an experiment published?
Hello /r/AskAcademia,
For a few months I’ve been working on an experiment, and I’d like to attempt to get this experiment and it’s results published. However, I have no idea how this publishing would work and what the best course of action is. Unfortunately I don’t have any connecti... | >Which parts of what I’ve written need to be added and with what kind of audience in mind does it need to be written?
You should write your article with other physics scientists in mind, but who may not know anything about your sub-specialty.
> Do I need to be very specific about the details of performing the experim... | I would highly recommend that you first figure out how to *read* the literature before you work on *writing* the literature.
Without a thorough literature review how can you be so sure that you aren't repeating work that has already be done? | {
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anon_bc3fbd67f2ec1bc4 | 2011-10-16T01:20:19 | AskAcademia | A question for those who have attained a Ph.D, was it worth it? Did you get what you wanted? (more inside please elaborate as much as you feel fit)
I'm currently undergrad on track for a Ph.D. Usually I'm super excited, sometimes I fear that it may not be for me. I have worked in a research lab for a year and a half... | >So I guess my question is to all of you who have your Ph.D, was it worth it?
Yes
>Do you feel that you have traded a normal life for a life chained down?
No, I have incredible flexibility in what I do. I research what I want (to the extent I can get others to pay for it), I make my own schedule (big benefit), I g... | Yes.
Sometimes (like this month in fact) when I'm busy like its stupid, I ask myself is this all worth it. And honestly, for me, yes. I am very passionate about the research that I do, I like my students (undergrads and grads) that I work with, and I like the flexibility that the job has. Also a lot of my research is ... | {
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anon_d45cd1e134e425dc | 2011-10-17T23:14:49 | AskAcademia | Trying to build a CV, advice?
I'm gonna try and keep this short. I'm making a CV for the first time, and I know generally what needs to be included (Education, experience, awards, skills, publications, etc). I was wondering, if it's better to clump them into general sections like that, or separate them further (if t... | You might want to check out the Harvard CV templates. http://cv.hms.harvard.edu/ They're not the prettiest things ever, but they include a ton of sections. You can pick and choose parts that seem important to you.
Also, look at CVs belonging to people you work with. That will give you a better sense of what people are... | You might want to check out the Harvard CV templates. http://cv.hms.harvard.edu/ They're not the prettiest things ever, but they include a ton of sections. You can pick and choose parts that seem important to you.
Also, look at CVs belonging to people you work with. That will give you a better sense of what people are... | {
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anon_1405ae6753951521 | 2011-10-18T16:05:30 | AskAcademia | Which publication is better: Science or Nature
I have to create a fictious project for my Masters degree in Cell Biology (Master Level 2 at the Université de Pierre et Marie Curie in Paris). It needs to be similar to a Grant Application sans Financial projections, etc.
Consequently I would like to style it after a Nat... | Another another thing! If you're writing a grant application you don't want to use either of those styles. You should write it like a grant and not a paper. Use this general guideline as it's the easiest and helps organize your case the best (this is the US RO1/3/21/F31 style):
* Specific aims page (look up how to wri... | The content of the two journals is the same in quality. The way in which the papers are presented is what separates the two. People are either Nature people or Science people.
Science tends to show the data and nothing but the data. The rationale is left out, and there is little to no actual discussion.
Nature tends... | {
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anon_973b4c3332b6cdae | 2011-10-19T15:21:24 | AskAcademia | Any good scientific/biology spell check dictionary available?
I'm sick of seeing so much red in my documents. Googling has come up with some medical spell check dictionaries, but nothing with more broadly scientific terms. Specifically I am looking for chemistry and biology terms. Anyone know a good one? | Here you go: http://www.reddit.com/r/biology/comments/kc59v/free_custom_microsoft_word_dictionary_for/
This popped up in the biology sub a while back. You should check out the sub if you haven't yet. | Here you go: http://www.reddit.com/r/biology/comments/kc59v/free_custom_microsoft_word_dictionary_for/
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anon_e6cb8283cd3b5271 | 2011-10-21T06:37:27 | AskAcademia | Is it too late to pursue a degree then
career in Science?
Hi guys, long time lurker and first time poster here.
I am a few months away from finishing my business degree in commercial law and management. I am getting very good marks and have a couple of offers from respectable corporations that I can pursue after gr... | Regarding physics (and the one year foundation course), go and talk to [Mark Conway](http://www.physics.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/mark-conway) on Monday or whenever suits you. I believe he's still the Stage 1 advisor, who also runs the foundation courses (91F/92F) and teaches Physics 160 (called Physics for the Life Sciences,... | Started my physics degree last year at 23. This was after three years in an IT degree program (took the two year diploma and bailed).
Have classmates in their 30s and 40s and they're doing fine.
> I am average at best at math so I really think physics will be just yuk.
WRONG!
You'd be surprised how much 'better' ... | {
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anon_e6cb8283cd3b5271 | 2011-10-21T06:37:27 | AskAcademia | Is it too late to pursue a degree then
career in Science?
Hi guys, long time lurker and first time poster here.
I am a few months away from finishing my business degree in commercial law and management. I am getting very good marks and have a couple of offers from respectable corporations that I can pursue after gr... | It's never too late. You have your entire life to live. With modern medicine, you should be expecting to live over a hundred years. That means you've lived roughly a fifth of your life, and would only spend a tiny fraction of it getting a new degree. If it will make you happy for the remaining 4/5ths, I say it's worth ... | Started my physics degree last year at 23. This was after three years in an IT degree program (took the two year diploma and bailed).
Have classmates in their 30s and 40s and they're doing fine.
> I am average at best at math so I really think physics will be just yuk.
WRONG!
You'd be surprised how much 'better' ... | {
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anon_86aadc2c84c574ff | 2011-10-22T03:36:26 | AskAcademia | What do you think about community colleges? Do they fulfill their purpose?
[This article](http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-college-costs-20111020,0,4840452.story) claims that community colleges are just a waist of money, as the majority of students drop out anyway. And [here](http://www.reddit.com/r/Foodforthou... | I was poor, went back to Community College, did excellently (and really, had world-class professors who actually cared whether their students succeeded or not), and got a full ride to Stanford as a transfer student. 21 of my fellow transfer students also took the Community College route. | I was poor, went back to Community College, did excellently (and really, had world-class professors who actually cared whether their students succeeded or not), and got a full ride to Stanford as a transfer student. 21 of my fellow transfer students also took the Community College route. | {
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... | {
"question_answer_pair": true,
"explanation": "The reply provides a personal success story of using community college as a stepping stone to a prestigious university, countering the claim that they are a waste of money."
} |
End of preview.
personalization-reddit
Per-subreddit (query, preferred_answer) pairs mined from Reddit using an
OP-thanks-reply heuristic: when the original poster (OP) replies to a
comment with thanks/gratitude, that parent comment is treated as their
preferred answer to their own question.
Source
Raw post + comment dumps from the
arctic_shift Pushshift
mirror, fetched per-subreddit (entire history through the fetch date) and
extracted with the pipeline in may_15/reddit_pipeline/ of the
personalization repo.
Raw NDJSON dumps are kept locally and are not redistributed here.
Splits
One split per subreddit; pick from the dropdown in the data viewer or load programmatically:
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("dipikakhullar/personalization-reddit", split="AskHistorians")
Files
extracted/
pairs/sub-<subreddit>.jsonl # one (query, preferred_answer) per line
stats/sub-<subreddit>.json # funnel counts per subreddit
Record schema (pairs/sub-*.jsonl)
| field | type | description |
|---|---|---|
user_id |
str | anonymized OP id (HMAC of Reddit username, see anon.py) |
timestamp |
str | post creation, ISO 8601 UTC |
subreddit |
str | source subreddit name |
query |
str | post title, with selftext appended if present |
preferred_answer |
str | body of the comment OP thanked (via parent of the thanks reply) |
top_comment |
str | null | body of the highest-scoring non-OP comment (may equal preferred) |
op_metadata |
object | OP user fields captured at post time; see below |
answerer_metadata |
object | answerer user fields captured at comment time; see below |
metadata |
object | see below |
op_metadata sub-object (mirrors the multiturn dataset):
| field | type | description |
|---|---|---|
user_id |
str | same as top-level user_id |
author_flair_text |
str | null | OP's flair text at post time |
author_flair_css_class |
str | null | flair css class |
author_flair_type |
str | null | e.g. "text", "richtext" |
author_flair_background_color |
str | null | hex color |
author_flair_text_color |
str | null | "light" / "dark" |
answerer_metadata sub-object:
| field | type | description |
|---|---|---|
user_id |
str | same as metadata.answerer_anon_id |
author_flair_text |
str | null | answerer's flair text at comment time |
author_flair_css_class |
str | null | flair css class |
metadata sub-object:
| field | type | description |
|---|---|---|
post_id |
str | Reddit submission id |
post_score |
int | submission score at fetch time |
answer_comment_id |
str | comment id of the preferred answer |
answer_score |
int | preferred-answer score at fetch time |
answerer_anon_id |
str | anonymized author id of the preferred answer |
top_comment_id |
str | null | comment id of the top-scoring non-OP comment |
top_comment_score |
int | null | top comment score |
top_comment_anon_id |
str | null | anonymized top-comment author id |
top_equals_preferred |
bool | whether the preferred answer is also the top comment |
thanks_reply_id |
str | OP's thanks-reply comment id (the signal that triggered the pair) |
thanks_reply_score |
int | score of OP's thanks reply |
thanks_reply_text |
str | body of OP's thanks reply |
thanks_reply_timestamp |
str | thanks reply creation, ISO 8601 UTC |
Heuristic — OP thanks-reply
For each post that passes a question filter:
- Find comments whose author == OP and whose body matches a "thanks"
pattern (see
signals.py::is_thanks_reply). - The parent of each such reply is recorded as a candidate "preferred answer".
- Materialize each candidate into a pair, joining post metadata + answer body
- thanks-reply context.
Bots and deleted/removed authors are filtered out before pair emission
(signals.py, subreddits.py::BOT_AUTHORS).
Anonymization
Reddit usernames are hashed via HMAC-SHA256 with a per-run secret salt
(anon.py::anon_user_id) before being written. Post/comment ids and text
bodies are kept verbatim — content from public Reddit threads can still be
re-identified by searching the post id or quoting the body.
Subreddits included in this snapshot
See extracted/stats/ for the list and per-sub funnel counts
(rs_records_scanned, keep_posts, thanks_refs, pairs_emitted, etc.).
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