title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Conclusions | The training intervention led to significant improvements in Clinical trial registered with | PMC10161761 | ||
Keywords | PMC10161761 | |||
At a Glance Commentary | PMC10161761 | |||
Scientific Knowledge on the Subject | PRETERM BIRTH | Preterm birth is associated with long-term cardiopulmonary risk. Young adults born preterm are reported to have a lower rate of | PMC10161761 | |
What This Study Adds to the Field | cardiovascular disease | PRETERM BIRTH, ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE, HYPERTENSION, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | In this trial subgroup analysis of young adults with elevated blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension, a 16-week aerobic exercise training intervention led to significant improvements in peak exercise Preterm birth affects 10% of live births worldwide (Whole-body Cardiovascular fitness in early life has been shown to b... | PMC10161761 |
Methods | PMC10161761 | |||
Anthropometry | CREST | Height and weight were measured to the nearest centimeter and 0.1 kg, respectively, with participants’ footwear removed and light clothing worn. With a measuring tape, waist circumference was measured 2 cm above the iliac crest, and hip circumference was measured at the point of widest overall girth near the level of t... | PMC10161761 | |
Spirometry and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test | CORTEX | All participants underwent spirometry testing according to standard guidelines by using the Cortex Metalyzer 3B (Cortex Biophysik GmbH) (Afterward, participants completed a peak cardiopulmonary exercise test on a seated stationary cycle ergometer (Ergoline GmbH) using a validated incremental protocol. Respiratory gases... | PMC10161761 | |
Intervention | The intervention stipulated three 60-minute aerobic training sessions (completed on bicycle ergometers) on separate days per week for 16 weeks at an exercise intensity of 60–80% of peak heart rate measured at baseline. A wrist-worn heart rate and activity monitor (Fitbit Charge HR; Fitbit, Inc.) was gifted to the parti... | PMC10161761 | ||
Statistical Analysis | stroke | STROKE | Baseline subgroup cohort characteristics were tested for normality by visual inspection of histograms and normal quantile-quantile plots. Continuous variables are presented as mean (standard deviation) when the data were normally distributed and median (interquartile range) when the data were non-normally distributed. ... | PMC10161761 |
Results | PMC10161761 | |||
Exercise Intervention: Preterm- and Term-born Subgroup Interaction Effects | term-born | Adding an interaction term to the model, as per Forest plot showing the main effects of a 16-week aerobic training intervention in the full-study group (black), followed by the subgroup effects for term-born (green) and preterm-born (blue) young adults on the primary outcome ( | PMC10161761 | |
Limitations | PRETERM BIRTH | Despite being prespecified, this study was an exploratory subgroup analysis and must therefore be regarded as hypothesis generating. As such, we were not able to explore all birth history factors related to preterm birth that may have impacted the response to the trial intervention. The cardiac index and SVI estimates ... | PMC10161761 | |
References | PMC10161761 | |||
Background | IFI | INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION | Edited by: Gaoqian Feng, Nanjing Medical University, ChinaReviewed by: Jessica K. Roberts, Cognigen, United States; Paul Gubbins, University of Missouri–Kansas City, United StatesIn patients with invasive fungal infection (IFI), the steady-state serum trough concentration ( | PMC10410275 |
Aims | This randomized, prospective observational single-center study aimed to identify factors affecting VCZ- | PMC10410275 | ||
Results | Results indicated that CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms might significantly impact VCZ loading and maintenance dose selection. CYP2C19 phenotype, C-reaction protein (CRP), and average daily dose/body weight were significant influencers on VCZ- | PMC10410275 | ||
Discussion | DiThis formula may serve as a valuable supplement to the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC | PMC10410275 | ||
Introduction | critically ill, ill, fungal infections, IFI | CRITICALLY ILL, FUNGAL INFECTIONS, INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION | Despite medical advances, fungal infections are a significant morbidity and mortality cause. Invasive fungal infection (IFI) in critically ill patients continues to present a hurdle and significant challenge for the clinician (However, individualized dose adjustment is critical to achieving optimal serum VCZ concentrat... | PMC10410275 |
Materials and methods | PMC10410275 | |||
Standard protocol approvals, registrations and patient consents | INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION | A prospective cohort study was conducted at Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from August 2018 to August 2021. Hospitalized patients who met the following inclusion criteria were eligible for the study: (і) age ≥ 18 years old; (ii) diagnosed with invasive fungal infection according to the cr... | PMC10410275 | |
Treatment regimen and groups | The patients were randomly assigned to either the non-gene-directed group (Group A, | PMC10410275 | ||
CYP2C19 genotyping | CYP2C19 genotype was determined from peripheral blood, which was extracted and stored in an EDTA anticoagulant tube. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (ThermoFisher Applied Biosystems 7500 fast PCR) was performed using a Human CYP2C19 gene detection kit (PCR-fluorescence probe method, Wuhan YZY Medical Science an... | PMC10410275 | ||
Serum VCZ trough concentrations assay | The blood samples collected from the enrolled patients were centrifuged at 3500 r/min for 10 minutes. VCZ- | PMC10410275 | ||
Cytokine concentrate assay | PCT | CRP, PCT, and IL-6 were detected using validated sandwich ELISA kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions at the Zhengzhou Clinical Laboratory Center. The interval for drawing blood between inflammatory factors and | PMC10410275 | |
Data collection | PCT | The hospital medical records of all patients included in the study were screened, reviewed, and analyzed by trained reviewers using a hospital information system. Clinical data were collected, including demographics, comorbidities, concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and glucocorticoid, clinical informatio... | PMC10410275 | |
Efficacy assessment of VCZ | death, IFI, toxicity, infection, Cancer | INFECTIOUS DISEASES, ALLERGY, INFECTIOUS PROCESS, INFILTRATES, INFECTION, MYCOSES, INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION, INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION, CANCER | Patients who received VCZ for suspected invasive fungal infection (IFI) were classified according to the Invasive Fungal Infection Group criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses Study Group of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Efficacy assessment wa... | PMC10410275 |
Safety assessment | hepatotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity | HEPATOTOXICITY | Hepatotoxicity was defined as ALT or AST more than three times the upper limit of the institution’s normal reference ranges (ALT 0–40 U/L, AST 0–35 U/L), or TBil more than two times the upper limit of the institution’s normal reference ranges (TBIL 5.1–22 umol/L). For patients with abnormal values at baseline, hepatoto... | PMC10410275 |
Statistical analysis | Statistical analyses and randomization were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (ver.19.0; SPSS Inc.). Data were presented as the number of categorical variables or as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD) or median values (minimum-maximum) and interquartile range (IQR) for continuo... | PMC10410275 | ||
Results | PMC10410275 | |||
Baseline patient characteristics | The demographic and clinical characteristics of the included patients are presented in Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects in different groups.Data are presented as the mean ± S.D. for continuous variables and as numbers for categorical variables. | PMC10410275 | ||
VCZ trough concentrations | A patient can undergo multiple
| PMC10410275 | ||
Correlations between Inflammatory factors and VCZ- | PCT | Twenty-eight out of 306 patients had complete indicators for VCZ-CRP, PCT, and IL-6 levels were significantly correlated with VCZ-
There were significant differences in CRP, PCT, and IL-6 levels among patients with VCZ- | PMC10410275 | |
This study, 306 patients were divided into groups based on PPIs (esomeprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole) and a control group. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the included patients are displayed in Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects in all groups.Data are presented as the m... | PMC10410275 | |||
Clinical efficacy of VCZ and assessment of adverse drug reactions | hepatotoxicity | As shown in Comparisons of VCZ clinical efficacy among the groups.Data are presented as the number for categorical variables. A Chi-squared test, Compare the total favorable response (complete plus partial responses) in all groups.Out of 306 patients, 40 had hepatotoxicity. We assessed the effects of different levels o... | PMC10410275 | |
Analysis of factors affecting VCZ- | Factors affecting VCZ-Correlation between VCZ-Data are presented as the number of categorical variables. A Chi-squared test compared categorical data. VCZ-C
VCZ-C | PMC10410275 | ||
Analysis of factors affecting VCZ maintenance dose | REGRESSION | A multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was performed using VCZ stable maintenance doses (Y) as a dependent variable and sex (x
VCZ, voriconazole; CRP, C-reactive protein; UM, Ultrarapid metabolizer; RM, rapid metabolizer; NM, normal metabolizer; IM, intermediate metabolizer; PM, poor metabolizer. | PMC10410275 | |
Establishment and validation of prediction model for VCZ stable maintenance dose | DISEASE | According to the admission order, the 302 patients were divided into the derivation and validation groups. There were no significant differences in the general clinical data (sex, age, body weight, albumin, co-administered PPIs, co-administered hormones, CYP2C19 phenotype, underlying disease, etc.) between the derivati... | PMC10410275 | |
Discussion | liver injury, inflammation, abnormal liver function, Liver dysfunction | REGRESSION, INFLAMMATION, DRUG INTERACTIONS, PCT | In many studies, most CYP2C19 mutations involved three common alleles in the Chinese Han population, namely CYP2C19 *2,*3, and *17 (Due to the high bioavailability of oral dosage form (96%) according to VCZ’s label, the intravenous and oral routes of administration are interchangeable when clinically indicated. In the ... | PMC10410275 |
Conclusions | Our study provides evidence of the variability of inflammatory factors affecting VCZ- | PMC10410275 | ||
Data availability statement | The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/ | PMC10410275 | ||
Ethics statement | The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by The Investigational Review Board at Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. Written informed consent was obtained from the individ... | PMC10410275 | ||
Author contributions | LZ, LC, and QX designed the research, analyzed and interpreted the data, performed the statistical analysis, drafted the manuscript, and incorporated feedback from all authors. ML and HL coordinated and managed study data acquisition. LZ, ZS, and HL examined all the specimens and collected clinical data. ZG, YG, HZ, an... | PMC10410275 | ||
Acknowledgments | The authors acknowledge the Translational Medicine Center, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, and the Department of Hematology at Zhengzhou Central Hospital for their assistance with TDM, blood samples, and clinical data collection. | PMC10410275 | ||
Conflict of interest | The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. | PMC10410275 | ||
Publisher’s note | All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or ... | PMC10410275 | ||
Supplementary material | The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at:
Click here for additional data file. | PMC10410275 | ||
References | PMC10410275 | |||
Objective | thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis | The aim was to evaluate the cost-utility of a 3-month multimodal occupational therapy intervention in addition to usual care in patients with thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (CMC1 OA). | PMC10314563 | |
Methods | A cost-utility analysis was performed alongside a multicentre randomised controlled trial including three rheumatology departments in Norway. A total of 180 patients referred to surgical consultation due to CMC1 OA were randomised to either multimodal occupational therapy including patient education, hand exercises, as... | PMC10314563 | ||
Results | During the 2-year follow-up period, patients receiving multimodal occupational therapy gained 0.06 more QALYs than patients receiving usual care. The mean (SD) direct costs were €3227 (3546) in the intervention group and €4378 (5487) in the usual care group, mean difference €−1151 (95% CI −2564, 262). The intervention ... | PMC10314563 | ||
Conclusions | The within-trial analysis demonstrated that the multimodal occupational therapy in addition to usual care was cost-effective at 2 years in patients with CMC1 OA. | PMC10314563 | ||
Trial registration number | PMC10314563 | |||
STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY | A strength of the study is the involvement of a patient research partner throughout the conduct of the study, although it may be considered a limitation that only one partner was involved.Self-reported costs combined with several months between assessments may have biased the total costs of the study.We were unable to ... | PMC10314563 | ||
Introduction | Hand osteoarthritis, OA | HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS, JOINT DISEASE | Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease,There is a common misconception that hand OA is a normal part of ageing, and that there is ‘nothing to be done’.Oppong The aim of this study was to perform a cost-utility analysis (CUA) of a 3-month multimodal occupational therapy intervention in addition to usu... | PMC10314563 |
Methods | PMC10314563 | |||
Study design and setting | RHEUMATISM | A CUA was performed alongside a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) including rheumatology departments in three Norwegian hospitals (St. Olav’s Hospital in Trondheim, Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen and Haugesund Rheumatism Hospital) and is described in the protocol article. | PMC10314563 | |
Patient and public involvement | RECRUITMENT | A patient research partner from the Patient Research Panel at Diakonhjemmet Hospital, who had lived with hand OA for several years, was involved throughout the project. She participated in project meetings where she gave input to the project plan, recruitment procedure and information material as well as feedback on th... | PMC10314563 | |
Participants and randomisation | cognitive deficits | Patients referred by their general practitioner for surgical consultation due to CMC1 OA at the three rheumatology departments between 2013 and 2015 were considered eligible for the study if they could speak Norwegian and had no cognitive deficits. Eligible patients received information about the study, a written conse... | PMC10314563 | |
Intervention | During the waiting period between referral and surgical consultation, the intervention group received a multimodal occupational therapy intervention in line with recommended first-line treatment.The control group received usual care, which generally means staying on the waiting list for consultation in specialist healt... | PMC10314563 | ||
Randomisation and blinding | OA | Patients were randomised using a computer-generated list with a block size of 10, stratified by hospital. Envelopes were opened by the patients after receiving information on hand OA and completing baseline assessment. The group affiliation was known to both the patients and the OTs. | PMC10314563 | |
Data collection | PMC10314563 | |||
Health outcome | The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured at baseline, 4, 18 and 24 months using the generic instrument EQ-5D-5L (EuroQol 5-dimension, | PMC10314563 | ||
Resource use and costs | disability | Healthcare usage was collected from different sources at baseline, 4, 18 and 24 months. The OT reported the number of consultations related to the intervention at each assessment, whereas surgical procedures and postoperative treatment were collected from patients’ medical record. In addition, the use of primary and sp... | PMC10314563 | |
Statistics | Differences in QALYs between the two groups were estimated using the trapezoidal method (area under the curve).Cost-effectiveness (CE) plane of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of multimodal occupational therapy (intervention group) in addition to usual care (control group) were recalculated with 1000 replicat... | PMC10314563 | ||
Results | PMC10314563 | |||
Baseline characteristics | osteoarthritis, SD, Pain | OSTEOARTHRITIS | A total of 180 patients were randomised to either multimodal occupational therapy in addition to usual care (n=90) or usual care only (n=90). The mean age across both groups was 63 years (SD 7.6) and 79% of the patients were women. We found no between-group differences in any of the baseline characteristics including u... | PMC10314563 |
Missing data | SENSITIVITY | A total of 18 patients (7 in the intervention group and 11 in the control group) had missing HRQoL utility score at one or more timepoints. For these missing values we used ‘last observation carried forward’. Sensitivity analyses showed that the average HRQoL utility scores remained the same for both groups without imp... | PMC10314563 | |
Cost-utility analysis | absence or disability, SD, disability | The total between-group difference in QALYs was 0.06 (95% CI −0.02, 0.15) after 24 months, in favour of the intervention group. The distribution of EQ-5D-5L utility score across the different time points for the two groups are shown in
Mean direct and indirect healthcare costs (mean and SD) per patient for the interve... | PMC10314563 | |
Discussion | subluxation, OA, disability | DISEASE PROGRESSION | The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-utility of a 3-month multimodal occupational therapy intervention in patients with CMC1 OA in a 2-year period. Our results demonstrate that the intervention, consisting of patient education, hand exercises, orthoses and assistive devices, has the highest probability of bei... | PMC10314563 |
Conclusion | The within-trial analysis demonstrated that multimodal occupational therapy was cost-effective in addition to usual care in patients with CMC1 OA, when taking a healthcare and societal perspective. The intervention was the dominant treatment with a 94.5% probability of being cost-effective at 2 years, given the willing... | PMC10314563 | ||
Supplementary Material | PMC10314563 | |||
Reviewer comments | PMC10314563 | |||
Data availability statement | Data are available upon reasonable request. Data are available upon reasonable request to the project manager (Ingvild Kjeken, Ingvild. kjeken@diakonsyk.no). | PMC10314563 | ||
Ethics statements | PMC10314563 | |||
Patient consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10314563 | ||
Ethics approval | This study involves human participants and was approved by Norwegian Regional Ethical Committee (2012/2265/REK sør-øst C). Participants gave informed consent to participate in the study before taking part. | PMC10314563 | ||
References | PMC10314563 | |||
Abstract | premenstrual syndrome, inflammation, primary dysmenorrhea | PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS), PMS, INFLAMMATION, DYSMENORRHEA, PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA, PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and primary dysmenorrhea are common gynecological problems and inflammation may have a role in their etiology. Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product for which there is increasing evidence of anti‐inflammatory and iron chelation effects. This study assessed the effects of curcumin on inf... | PMC10315327 |
BACKGROUND | inflammation, pain, tumor necrosis, dysmenorrhea | PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS), TUMOR NECROSIS, PMS, ADVERSE EVENTS, INFLAMMATION, INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS, DYSMENORRHEA, COMPLICATIONS | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea are common menstrual associated complications which have a negative effect on well‐being and quality of life of women of child bearing age (Bahrami, Avan, et al., There are several parameters that can be used to assess hematological biomarkers derived from a complete blood c... | PMC10315327 |
MATERIALS AND METHODS | PMC10315327 | |||
Study design and participants | gynecological disorders, bleeding, allergy, dysmenorrhea, PMS | BLEEDING, PMS, ALLERGY, DYSMENORRHEA, CHRONIC DISORDERS, PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME, GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS | From December 2019 to March 2020, female students residing at five women’ university dormitories in Birjand (South Khorasan province, Iran), were invited for interview in the current randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. This study was supported by Birjand University of Medical Sciences, and regi... | PMC10315327 |
Randomization, blinding and intervention | ® | BLIND | Eligible participants were randomly divided into either placebo or treatment (CUR) groups. While the CUR consisted of 500 mg curcuminoids +5 mg piperine (95%); C3 Complex (Sami Labs Ltd.), the placebo capsules contained inert filler (500 mg lactose powder) plus 5 mg piperine (Bioperine®, Sami Labs Ltd.). Bioperine® as ... | PMC10315327 |
Blood collection | BLOOD | Twenty milliliter blood specimens were collected in the morning subsequent to a 12‐h overnight fasting. Blood samples were obtained from each participant 3 days prior to the intervention and within 3 days subsequent to the consuming last capsule. We used both serum separator tubes and EDTA tubes for the purpose of this... | PMC10315327 | |
Complete blood count | BLOOD | Blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, dimensional variables (MPV and RDW), and some combined parameters, such as NLR, PLR and RPR, were assessed by means of an automated commercial cell counter (Sysmex K‐800). All experiments were conducted in duplicate. | PMC10315327 | |
Measurement of | Serum hsCRP, Fe and total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC) levels were evaluated using commercial kits (Pars Azmun, Iran; catalogue numbers: 1027015, 1,022,001, 1,022,032 respectively) with auto‐analyzer (Prestige 24i, Tokyo Boeki Ltd.). Serum ferritin values were quantified using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELIS... | PMC10315327 | ||
Other variables | The anthropometric parameters and blood pressure of participants were measured using standard procedures in our health centers by expert paramedic staff as described previously (Askari et al., The dietary intake of study population was evaluated by a trained dietician by using a three‐day recall food records method (tw... | PMC10315327 | ||
Statistical analysis | Statistical data analyses were performed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Science software for Windows, version 18.0 (SPSS Inc.). All indices were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). Non‐parametric tests were also used in the statistical analysis due to so... | PMC10315327 | ||
RESULTS | PMC10315327 | |||
Recruitment | rash | A total of 76 subjects were recruited into the trial and 38 individuals were allocated to each of the groups. Of the total, 73 subjects completed the study: 36 in CUR group and 37 in placebo group. During the trial, 2 patients who reported rash side effects in the CUR group and one participant in the placebo group who ... | PMC10315327 | |
Comparison of baseline features between the two groups | Comparison of the baseline features of participants indicated no significant differences between CUR and placebo groups regarding to the mean age, blood pressure and anthropometric indices (Table Baseline features of study population.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blo... | PMC10315327 | ||
Effect of the intervention on inflammatory biomarkers | After three menstrual cycle of intervention, significant decrement was observed in the median (IQR) serum levels of hsCRP in the CUR group [from 0.30 mg/L (0.0–1.10) to 0.20 mg/L (0.0–1.3); Comparison of hsCRP levels in curcumin and placebo groups before and after intervention.Comparison of inflammatory biomarkers in t... | PMC10315327 | ||
Effect of the intervention on iron profile | The blood levels of Fe, ferritin, TIBC and hemoglobin showed no significant difference between the two groups at the baseline (Comparison of iron profile in treatment groups before and after intervention.
Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; hsCRP, High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; TIBC, total iron‐binding capacity.
| PMC10315327 | ||
DISCUSSION | sepsis, critically ill, dysmenorrhea | CRITICALLY ILL, PMS, NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE, DYSMENORRHEA, SEPSIS, INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE | To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first clinical trial that has investigated the effects of CUR intervention on inflammatory markers and iron profile in women with both PMS and dysmenorrhea. Our study demonstrated that 3 successive menstrual cycle administration of oral CUR had considerable effect on hsCR... | PMC10315327 |
CONCLUSION | IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA, DYSMENORRHEA, PMS | In conclusion, CUR was significantly more effective versus placebo in decreasing serum hsCRP, an inflammatory biomarker, in young women with PMS and dysmenorrhea. There are no significant differences between CUR intake and placebo regarding to the iron profile, while no treatment‐induce iron deficiency anemia were regi... | PMC10315327 | |
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS | Afsane Bahrami conducted all analyses and drafted the manuscript. Amir Talebpour and Mahtab Mohammadifard coordinated the fieldwork of the study. Reza Zare Feyzabadi, Mahboube Tajik, Sara Mahmoudzadeh, Mansoore Saharkhiz and Hadis Rezapour provided methodological feedback. Afsane Bahrami and Gordon A. Ferns supervised ... | PMC10315327 | ||
FUNDING INFORMATION | This study was supported by grants [grant nu#456131(Afsane Bahrami)] from Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. | PMC10315327 | ||
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT | The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose. | PMC10315327 | ||
CONSENT TO PUBLISH | Not applicable. | PMC10315327 | ||
ETHICS APPROVAL | Ethical approval was obtained from the Birjand University of Medical Sciences and informed written consent was completed by all participants (code: IR.BUMS.REC.1399.226). | PMC10315327 |
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