title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Example of roles and responsibilities of school committees in Madhya Pradesh (MP). | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Definition of low caste groups. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Inclusivity in global research. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Share of rural, literate and poor populations in India, MP, UP and Karnataka. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Baseline characteristics by randomized treatment status in MP, UP and Karnataka. | Mean values represent shares except indicated otherwise. Sample size is in parentheses when differs due to missing values. Karnataka did not have contract teachers in public schools during the study period.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Baseline school council awareness outcomes by treatment status in MP, UP and Karnataka. | Mean values represent shares except indicated otherwise. School council variables represent member response aggregated at village cluster level by member type (chair, secretary, parent member). Sample size is in parentheses in cell when differs due to missing values.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Difference-in-differences linear regression where change in teacher effort outcome from baseline to follow-up is dependent variable, MP and UP. | Sample consists of civil-service teachers by characteristics. Value represents coefficient on treatment variable. 95% confidence interval in parentheses.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Difference-in-differences linear regression where change in school council awareness outcome from baseline to follow-up is dependent variable, MP, UP and Karnataka. | Value represents coefficient on treatment variable. 95% confidence interval in parentheses.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Difference-in-differences linear regression where change in school council outcome from baseline to follow-up is dependent variable, UP. | Value represents coefficient on treatment variable. 95% confidence interval in parentheses.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Difference-in-differences linear regression where change in school council outcome from baseline to follow-up is dependent variable, MP. | Value represents coefficient on treatment variable. 95% confidence interval in parentheses.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Difference-in-differences linear regression results where change in outcome from baseline to follow-up is dependent variable, Karnataka. | Value represents coefficient on treatment variable. 95% confidence interval in parentheses. Since the two treatments differ in one dimension only and are otherwise identical, the table reports the average impact of the two treatments pooled compared with the control group and additional impact of the second treatment c... | PMC10016677 | ||
Focus group discussions, MP and UP. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10016677 | ||
Approximate cost-benefit calculations of (increased teacher effort due to) the intervention in MP and UP. | Number of civil-service primary school teachers is taken from National University of Education Planning and Administration (NUEPA), 2009 [S10.1]. Attendance is valued at teacher cost for the total number of civil service teachers in the state. In this case teacher cost is taken as the monthly average salary of Indian R... | PMC10016677 | ||
References | PMC10016677 | |||
Abstract | Christian Patrick Jauernik and Or Joseph Rahbek contributed equally to this work. | PMC10234657 | ||
Background | DISEASE | Invitations to screening programmes may include influences that are intending to increase the participation rates. This study had two objectives: (i) to assess if different categories of influences had a significant effect on the intention to participate in a screening programme for a fictitious disease and (ii) whethe... | PMC10234657 | |
Methods | ITP | ITP | A seven-armed randomized controlled trial. Six hundred passers-by were randomly allocated to receive one of seven pamphlets inviting to a fictitious screening programme (neutral, relative risk reductions, misrepresentation of harms, pre-booked appointment, recommendation of participation, fear appeals, all combined). P... | PMC10234657 |
Results | ITP | ITP | Five hundred and eighty-nine participants were included for analysis. ITP was significantly increased ( | PMC10234657 |
Conclusion | The application of influences should be carefully considered for interventions where an informed choice is desired. | PMC10234657 | ||
Introduction | cancer, cancers | CANCER, CANCERS | Screening programmes for different cancers are implemented in many developed countries. They have intended benefits including reduction in mortality and morbidity plus less radical treatments.It is understandable that health authorities would actively use influences to maximize potential benefits of cancer screening pr... | PMC10234657 |
Methods | MAY | The study followed a seven-arm randomized controlled design that took place in 19 different public locations (libraries, citizen service centres, parks and town squares) in Copenhagen and six proximal municipalities through May–July 2017. | PMC10234657 | |
Participants | Passers-by assessed by the interviewers to be above the age of 18 were selectively approached to attain a wide distribution of age and sex. The number and sex of passers-by who refused to participate or did not respond were recorded. Sociodemographic data (age, sex, level of education and employment status) for every 1... | PMC10234657 | ||
Material | cancer, colorectal cancer, CRC, non-communicable life-threatening disease | DISEASE, CANCER, COLORECTAL CANCER | The authors created an invitational pamphlet (four A5 sheets with a total of 606 words) in Danish that invited the receiver to attend a medical screening programme for a fictitious, non-communicable life-threatening disease named ‘cytoliosis’. It was anticipated that the threat of cancer would trigger particularly stro... | PMC10234657 |
Sample size determination | An | PMC10234657 | ||
Randomization and interviews | RECRUITMENT | Each pamphlet was assigned according to a randomized, computer-generated allocation sequence where the neutral pamphlet (A) occurred twice as much as each of the other pamphlets [2; 1; 1; 1; 1; 1; 1]. Recruitment and the structured interviews were based on an interview guide (see | PMC10234657 | |
Primary outcome: intention to participate | The effect of the influences was measured by differences in intention to participate between the neutral pamphlet (A) and the pamphlets containing the influences (B–G). Intention to participate was measured by asking the surveyed person if they wanted to participate in the screening programme | PMC10234657 | ||
Secondary outcomes | To evaluate whether the surveyed persons were aware of the effort to influence their choice each surveyed person was asked which of two statements he/she agreed with the most: ‘The pamphlet provides me information in order to help me make my own choice’ or ‘The pamphlet provides me information in order to direct me tow... | PMC10234657 | ||
Sociodemographic | Information regarding age, sex, level of education, employment status, household status and mother tongue was obtained through a simple, self-reported questionnaire following each interview. | PMC10234657 | ||
Statistical analysis | REGRESSION, SECONDARY, RECRUITMENT | Chi-squared (χFor the primary outcome, ORs from logistic regression analysis were used to assess the difference in intention to participate for each pamphlet relative to the neutral pamphlet (A), both unadjusted and adjusted for all the pre-determined gathered sociodemographic data including the location of recruitment... | PMC10234657 | |
Contribution | All listed authors attest that they meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted. The study design was conceived by all authors. O.J.R. and C.P.J. drafted the interview guide and the pamphlets, and T.P. and J.B. provided comments that led to revisions. All interviews were conducted... | PMC10234657 | ||
Ethics issues | According to the Danish Scientific Ethical Committees Act §1 stk. 4, this project does not require review from the committee, as it is not classified as a health research study. No personal data were collected. All participants were informed before participation that cytoliosis and the screening programme were fictitio... | PMC10234657 | ||
Results | PMC10234657 | |||
Participant characteristics | The authors approached 1489 passers-by (718 men, 771 women). Of those, 600 committed to participate (40.30%), where two were excluded due to age under 18 (one from group B and one from group D). Nine dropped out of the study while reading the pamphlet but before the interview: eight because they could not provide the n... | PMC10234657 | ||
Primary outcome: intention to participate across the influences | RECRUITMENT | The lowest proportion of intention to participate (31.8%) was seen in the group receiving the neutral pamphlet (A), while the proportion from the other pamphlets ranged between 39.2% and 80.0%. An OR > 1 was seen across all pamphlets comprising influences both adjusted and unadjusted for all gathered sociodemographic d... | PMC10234657 | |
Secondary outcome: awareness of the influences | A majority varying from 60.0% to 78.3% did not indicate awareness that their choice was trying to be influenced (pamphlets B–G). There was no clear difference between the answers to the neutral pamphlet (A), and the pamphlets containing a deliberate attempt at influencing the participants choice. The participants who f... | PMC10234657 | ||
Secondary outcome: the effect of awareness of the influences on intention to participate | Participants receiving a pamphlet with an influence (B–G), who did not indicate awareness that their choice was trying to be influenced had an increased intention to participate compared to both those who felt the pamphlet was trying to direct their choice and subsequently correctly located an influence, and those who ... | PMC10234657 | ||
Discussion | cancer | CANCER, DISEASE, RECRUITMENT, SECONDARY, DISEASES | All five categories of influences proved to increase intention to participate with an adjusted OR > 1. Less than half of the participants indicated awareness of the influences, and not indicating awareness was associated with an increased intention to participate. For those who indicated a general awareness of influenc... | PMC10234657 |
Supplementary Material | Click here for additional data file. | PMC10234657 | ||
Supplementary data | PMC10234657 | |||
Funding | Cancer | CANCER | C.P.J. and O.J.R. have received financial support in the form of research grants for this work, from the Danish Cancer society (R168-A11066, R190-A11702, R190-A11701, R168-A11065). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection analysis, reporting or writing of the manuscript. C.P.J. and O.J.R. are fully ... | PMC10234657 |
Data availability | The complete dataset is available upon request to the corresponding author. | PMC10234657 | ||
References | PMC10234657 | |||
Background | depression, anxiety | Evidence suggests that menopause can be associated with a variety of negative psychological changes such as depression and anxiety, and improving the mental health status of women during menopause is one of the important priorities and challenges of the health system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect o... | PMC10233190 | |
Methods | white rock candy | In this randomized clinical trial which was conducted in 2021, 72 postmenopausal women were enrolled and divided into intervention and control groups. The randomization blocks method was used for random allocation, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was utilized to measure the scores. The intervention included the ... | PMC10233190 | |
Results | There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in any of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics ( | PMC10233190 | ||
Conclusion | depression | Saffron herbal tea had a positive effect on reducing depression and increasing the happiness score; thus, it is recommended that it should be used as a complementary treatment in consultation with the treating physician. | PMC10233190 | |
Trial registration | The present study was registered with the code of IRCT20210403050818N1 (Registration date: 09/04/2021) in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. It was also approved by the Ethics Committee of Larestan University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.LARUMS.REC.1399.017). | PMC10233190 | ||
Keywords | PMC10233190 | |||
Background | depression, happiness, pain | COMPLICATIONS | Women are regarded as the foundation of family health; in addition to managing the health of the family members, they are the main role model of educating and promoting a healthy lifestyle for future generations. Menopause is one of the natural processes in a female’s life, the most prominent feature of which is the en... | PMC10233190 |
Methods | PMC10233190 | |||
Study type | The present study was a randomized controlled trial study conducted in 2021 in Iran. | PMC10233190 | ||
Study population | The participants in this study consisted of all postmenopausal women who referred to community health centers affiliated to Larestan University of Medical Sciences in 2021. | PMC10233190 | ||
Sample size | To determine the sample size using a similar study [ | PMC10233190 | ||
Sampling | First, the list of community health centers affiliated to Larestan University of Medical Sciences, to which postmenopausal women referred for health services, was extracted. In the next step, the name of each center was placed in a separate envelope and by simple random sampling, the envelope was selected. | PMC10233190 | ||
Random allocation | For allocation of individuals to the intervention and control groups, the randomized blocks method was used. According to the total sample size ( | PMC10233190 | ||
Blinding | BLIND | In the present research, it was not possible to blind the study participants. | PMC10233190 | |
Inclusion criteria | cognitive diseases, chronic and debilitating diseases, dementia, psychosis |
Willingness to participate in the study.Not suffering from acute psychosis, chronic and debilitating diseases, and cognitive diseases such as dementia.Not being under similar treatment recently.Not being familiar with the Persian language.Not participating in other treatment programs that interfere with the present st... | PMC10233190 | |
Exclusion criteria | allergy, psychiatric, Infection | CHRONIC ILLNESS, ALLERGY, INFECTION |
Occurrence of any social and family crisis during the study. Hospitalization or acute and chronic illness that interferes with research. History of allergy to herbal medicines. Unwillingness to continue participating in the research. Addiction to drugs and alcohol and painkillers. Consumption of psychiatric drugs. In... | PMC10233190 |
Questionnaire | Depression | In the present study, two demographic information and happiness questionnaires were used. To complete the questionnaires, two assistant researchers distributed the questionnaires among the participants. Demographic information questionnaire included questions on age, marital status, level of education, and menopausal a... | PMC10233190 | |
Intervention | white rock candy [ | The intervention was the use of 30 mg dried stigmas of the saffron plant (Mostafavi company, Iran. This company is one of the largest producers of saffron in Iran and the world), which was boiled once (in the morning) (in 300 ml of boiling water for 10–15 min); one cup of saffron tea was consumed daily with white rock ... | PMC10233190 | |
Control group | depression | In the present study, lukewarm water and white rock candy were considered for the control group, and the subjects in this group were asked to consume it one glass daily. A similar study that measured the effect of lavender tea on depression used lukewarm water and white rock candy for the control group [ | PMC10233190 | |
Side effects | According to the results of previous studies, the maximum safe daily dose of saffron is 1.5 g, so it was expected that the dose in the present study did not cause side effects [ | PMC10233190 | ||
Ethical considerations | The present study was registered with the code of IRCT20210403050818N1 (Registration date: 09/04/2021) in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. It was also approved by the Ethics Committee of Larestan University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.LARUMS.REC.1399.017). After assigning the participants to the two gr... | PMC10233190 | ||
Statistical methods | After completing the questionnaires by the samples, the data were entered into SPSS software, version 25. Fisher's exact test was used to measure the relationship between qualitative variables and independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean happiness scores in the intervention and control groups. Also, the c... | PMC10233190 | ||
Discussion | depression, dry mouth | DRY MOUTH | From the past to the present, saffron and its main derivatives, as well as organoleptic properties, are commonly used in traditional medicine due to their numerous therapeutic properties such as anti-anxiety, anti-depressant, and anti-seizure effects [In the present study, saffron herbal tea was used for postmenopausal... | PMC10233190 |
Acknowledgements | The present study is the result of a research project with the code number of 1399-64 in Larestan University of Medical Sciences. Authors would like to thank and appreciate the Larestan University of Medical Sciences for financial support of the project. | PMC10233190 | ||
Authors’ contributions | Hamed Delam: Study design, Methodology, Supervision and Writing Original draft preparation. Zahra Keshtkaran: Investigation and Conceptualization. Nasrin Shokrpour: Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. Ahmadreza Eidi: analysis and interpretation of data, Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan: Conc... | PMC10233190 | ||
Funding | This research was supported by the Larestan University of Medical Sciences with the code number of 1399–64. | PMC10233190 | ||
Availability of data and materials | The data used and analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. | PMC10233190 | ||
Declarations | PMC10233190 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | The present study approved by the ethics committee of Larestan University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.LARUMS.REC.1399.017). After assigning the participants to the two groups of intervention and control, informed consent was obtained from them and in all stages of the study, and the participants were ensured t... | PMC10233190 | ||
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10233190 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interests. | PMC10233190 | ||
References | PMC10233190 | |||
Methods | dyspeptic | This was a retrospective cohort study. This study included 1,050 dyspeptic patients diagnosed with | PMC10688878 | |
Results | Of 1,050 patients with | PMC10688878 | ||
Conclusions | Nonadherence, infections | INFECTIONS | AST either before or after treatment failure correlated with a higher proportion of successful eradication. Nonadherence and the MDR infections predicted treatment failure. Tailored therapy and 4-times-daily dosing of | PMC10688878 |
Data Availability | All relevant data are within the paper and its | PMC10688878 | ||
Methods | PMC10688878 | |||
Study design | This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at tertiary care center in Thailand. The study was conducted from February 22, 2022 to February 19, 2023. Patients’ data were retrospectively collected by chart review between March 6, 2014, and October 31, 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients older than 15 years ol... | PMC10688878 | ||
Diagnosis of | During upper GI endoscopy, at least four biopsies from antrum and body of stomach were performed and sent for rapid urease test and histological examination. | PMC10688878 | ||
Statistical analysis | All data were analysed by using SPSS version 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Categorical variables were analysed by Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Continuous variables were analysed by using Student’s t-test and reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Univariate analysis was performed ... | PMC10688878 | ||
Ethics statements | The study obtained ethical approval by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Thammasat University, Thailand and was conducted according to the good clinical practice guideline, as well as the Declaration of Helsinki. All data had been fully anonymized before they were accessed. Waiver of documentation of informed cons... | PMC10688878 | ||
Results | PMC10688878 | |||
Demographic data of patients with | upper gastrointestinal endoscopy | During the study period, 1,840 patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at tertiary care center in Thailand. Of 1,840 patients, there were 1,050 with | PMC10688878 | |
Time trends of eradication rates of each first-line regimen during 2014–2021. | PMC10688878 | |||
Baseline characteristics and univariate analysis of predictors associated with treatment failure. | BMI = body mass index, FH = family history, VPZ = Vonoprazan, MDR = multidrug-resistant | PMC10688878 | ||
Predictive factors associated with treatment success of first-line failure | After first-line eradication failure, 301 patients received a second-line treatment. Levofloxacin triple therapy and bismuth quadruple therapy were the most commonly used empiric second-line regimens as recommended by the Thai guideline [ | PMC10688878 | ||
Eradication rates, univariate and multivariate analyses of strategies associated with treatment success after first-line eradication failure. | AMX = amoxicillin, PPI = proton pump inhibitor | PMC10688878 | ||
Effects of antibiotic susceptibility testing on eradication rates | Patients with | PMC10688878 | ||
Eradication rates of 3 subgroups according to the time of performed AST. | AST = Antibiotic susceptibility testing. | PMC10688878 | ||
Antibiotic resistance in Thailand during 2014–2021 compared with 2004–2012. | AST was performed for 192 strains (TET = Tetracycline, AMX = Amoxicillin, CLR = Clarithromycin, LVX = Levofloxacin, MTZ = Metronidazole, MDR = Multidrug-resistant strains. | PMC10688878 | ||
Antibiotic resistance pattern of | PMC10688878 | |||
The prevalence of | TET = Tetracycline, AMX = Amoxicillin, CLR = Clarithromycin, LVX = Levofloxacin, MTZ = Metronidazole, MDR = Multidrug-resistant strains, N/A = Not availableOur study has several strengths. This is a large population-based study demonstrating predictors for successful eradication in patients experiencing In conclusion, | PMC10688878 | ||
Supporting information | PMC10688878 | |||
Four-times-daily dosing of amoxicillin in successful eradication regimens (N = 42). | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10688878 | ||
Vonoprazan-containing regimens used after first-line failure. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10688878 | ||
STROBE statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of observational studies. | (DOCX)Click here for additional data file. | PMC10688878 | ||
References | PMC10688878 | |||
Supplementary Information | overweight or obesity | The objective of this study was to investigate changes in sedentary and active behaviors when previously inactive adults start exercising in the morning or evening. One-hundred adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/mThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10865-022-00370-x. | PMC10261239 |
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