title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Methods | In this double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group study, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-normal Indonesian soldiers with microscopically confirmed | PMC10533414 | ||
Findings | ADVERSE EVENTS, ADVERSE EVENT | Between April 8, 2018, and Feb 4, 2019, of 164 patients screened for eligibility, 150 were randomly assigned (50 per treatment group). 6-month Kaplan-Meier relapse-free efficacy (microbiological intention to treat) was 11% (95% CI 4–22) in patients treated with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone versus 21% (11–34) in... | PMC10533414 | |
Interpretation | Although tafenoquine plus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine was statistically superior to dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone for the radical cure of | PMC10533414 | ||
Funding | MALARIA | ExxonMobil, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Newcrest Mining, UK Government all through Medicines for Malaria Venture; and GSK. | PMC10533414 | |
Translation | For the Indonesian translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section. | PMC10533414 | ||
Research in context | RELAPSE |
The efficacy of a single 300-mg dose of tafenoquine co-administered with chloroquine for the radical cure of
This is the first clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single 300-mg dose of tafenoquine co-administered with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine for the radical cure of
This study does not supp... | PMC10533414 | |
Methods | PMC10533414 | |||
Study design and participants | infection | INFECTION, SECONDARY | This double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, parallel group study enrolled soldiers from two battalions based in East Java (battalion 1 at Malang; battalion 2 at Madiun; Patients were eligible for enrolment if they were male, aged at least 18 years, had microscopically confirmed The main exclusion criteria were severe ... | PMC10533414 |
Randomisation and masking | Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone, dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine plus tafenoquine, or dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine plus primaquine. All patients received open-label dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine for 3 days plus masked treatment as follows: tafenoquine ... | PMC10533414 | ||
Procedures | malaria | MALARIA, BLOOD, RELAPSE | Study treatments were supplied by the sponsor as eurartesim tablets containing dihydroartemisinin 40 mg and piperaquine 320 mg (Alfasigma, Bologna, Italy), tafenoquine 150-mg tablets (GSK, London, UK), and primaquine formulated as over-encapsulated 15-mg tablets (Sanofi-Aventis, Bridgewater, NJ, USA). All patients rece... | PMC10533414 |
Outcomes | infection, recrudescence, infections, fever | RECURRENCE, ADVERSE EVENTS, INFECTIONS, INFECTION, CYP2D6 POLYMORPHISM | The primary outcome was relapse-free efficacy over 6 months, defined as clearance of initial infection without subsequent microscopically confirmed recurrence or receipt of other antimalarial treatment. Secondary outcomes were relapse-free efficacy over 4 months, time to fever clearance, time to parasite clearance, and... | PMC10533414 |
Statistical methods | The primary comparison of interest was relapse-free efficacy over 6 months for tafenoquine plus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine versus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone. By means of the log-rank test for the primary comparison to detect a clinically meaningful difference of 35% in relapse-free survival rates over 6 m... | PMC10533414 | ||
Role of the funding source | The study sponsor (GSK) was responsible for study monitoring, data management, data analysis, and writing of the clinical report. | PMC10533414 | ||
Results | REGRESSION, DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY, ADVERSE EVENT, ADVERSE EVENTS | Between April 8, 2018, and Feb 4, 2019, of 164 patients screened for eligibility, 150 were randomly assigned to masked study treatment; 50 per treatment group (battalion 1 n=69; battalion 2 n=81; Trial profileALT=alanine aminotransferase. DP=dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine. mITT=microbiological intention-to-treat. PP=pe... | PMC10533414 | |
Discussion | malaria, deaths | MALARIA, ADVERSE EVENT | This is the first study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single 300-mg dose of tafenoquine co-administered with an artemisinin-based combination therapy for the radical cure of The reasons for the lack of clinically relevant efficacy with tafenoquine plus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine are unknown. Although no ... | PMC10533414 |
Data sharing | Within 6 months of this publication, anonymised individual patient data, the annotated case report form, protocol, reporting and analysis plan, dataset specifications, raw dataset, analysis-ready dataset, and clinical study report will be available for research proposals approved by an independent review committee. Pro... | PMC10533414 | ||
Declaration of interests | IS reports grants or contracts from Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin and the National Health and Medical Research Council | PMC10533414 | ||
References | PMC10533414 | |||
Supplementary Materials | PMC10533414 | |||
Indonesian translation of the abstract | PMC10533414 | |||
Supplementary appendix 2 | PMC10533414 | |||
Acknowledgments | The trial was designed and funded by MMV and supported by the sponsor GSK. The protocol was drafted by GSK with input from MMV and the Indonesian study team. MMV was funded by various donors for this trial including ExxonMobil and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant number INV-007155/19-BMGF-006), Newcrest Minin... | PMC10533414 | ||
Contributors | SD | IS was the principal investigator and JKB was responsible for study conceptualisation. JKB, IS, AS, LLE, RN, AWS, WB, SL, IE, JAG, J-PK, SD, EC, SJ, MT, and NG contributed to the study design and protocol development. SD and LKT were responsible for funding acquisition. LKT, SD, HS, AM, and EC were responsible for the ... | PMC10533414 | |
Background | HAT | AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | Passive diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) at the health facility level is a major component of HAT control in Guinea. We examined which clinical signs and symptoms are associated with HAT, and assessed the performance of selected clinical presentations, of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), and of reference l... | PMC10026442 |
Method | The study took place in 14 health facilities in Guinea, where 2345 clinical suspects were tested with RDTs (HAT Sero- | PMC10026442 | ||
Results | The HAT prevalence, as confirmed parasitologically, was 2.0% (48/2345, 95% | PMC10026442 | ||
Graphical Abstract | PMC10026442 | |||
Keywords | PMC10026442 | |||
Background | Infection | EBOLA, INFECTION | Infection with the parasite Despite considerable challenges, Guinea implements an efficacious HAT control program based on medical interventions supplemented with vector control. Even during the Ebola epidemic outbreak in 2014–2016, the national HAT control program managed to deploy insecticide impregnated targets in B... | PMC10026442 |
Methods | PMC10026442 | |||
Study setting | AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | In Guinea, clinical suspects were prospectively recruited for the Diagnostic tools for human African trypanosomiasis elimination and clinical trials work package 2 (DiTECT-HAT-WP2) study between January 2017 and January 2020 in 14 hospitals and health posts in the prefectures of Boffa, Dubreka and Forecariah. In these ... | PMC10026442 | |
Study protocol | The study protocol is summarized in Fig. DiTECT-HAT-WP2 study conduct and test results in Guinea. | PMC10026442 | ||
Inclusion criteria | confusion, itching, convulsions, aggressiveness, abnormal movements, amenorrhea, motor disorders, psychiatric, coma, insomnia, headache, abortion, weight loss, apathy | STERILITY, SPEECH DISORDERS, MOTOR DISORDERS, RECURRENT FEVER, COMA | Individuals consulting the study SSS or CDT could be consecutively included if they had visited or resided in a HAT endemic area and presented with clinical suspicion for HAT. Clinical suspicion was defined as presence of at least one of the following clinical signs or symptoms: Recurrent fever not responding to anti-m... | PMC10026442 |
Serological screening and parasitological confirmation | Finger prick blood was tested with 3 RDTs, HAT Sero- | PMC10026442 | ||
Dried blood spot preparation | LYSED, ALDRICH | For every serological suspect two types of DBS were prepared. On a Whatman grade 4 filter paper, 16 drops of 30 µl of heparinized blood were deposited and left to dry. In parallel, 180 µl of heparinized blood were lysed for 5 min with 20 µl of 5% SDS solution (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA), and 2 drops of 40 µl ... | PMC10026442 | |
Patient management | A lumbar puncture was carried out on parasitologically confirmed HAT patients, or if the clinician considered it appropriate, based on strong clinical suspicion. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined for the number of white blood cells, and for presence of trypanosomes using the modified single centrifugation [ | PMC10026442 | ||
Study participants with missing data | sleeping sickness | SLEEPING SICKNESS | Serological suspects that could not be confirmed at the first microscopic examination, were invited for re-examination at the CDT or were re-examined by the national program. A number of RDT seropositives detected at SSS level and who did not show up at CDT were offered microscopic examination through the national slee... | PMC10026442 |
Reference laboratory tests | The DBS were sent to the Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l’Elevage en zone Subhumide (Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso), where reference laboratory tests were performed. Test performers were not informed about the clinical and reference standard results. On DBS collected on Whatman grade 4 paper, trypan... | PMC10026442 | ||
Data analysis | REGRESSION, REGRESSION | Results obtained at the CDT were immediately entered in a digital case report form [Regression analysis and evaluation of the diagnostic performance were based on the participants HAT status (Fig. Regression analysis using Stata Statistical Software (Release 14, College Station, TX: StataCorp LP) was performed to asses... | PMC10026442 | |
Results | PMC10026442 | |||
Descriptive statistics of field results | HAT, headache | RECURRENT FEVER, REGRESSION, AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | In total, 2353 clinical suspects were included: 707 in the prefecture of Boffa, 705 in Dubreka, and 941 in Forecariah. Of these clinical suspects, 1320 (56.1%) were female and 1033 (43.9%) male. Their median age was 30 years (range: 4–89). The most frequently observed clinical presentations were recurrent fever not res... | PMC10026442 |
HAT status of study participants | For further analysis of the results, study participants were considered as true HAT positives if they were confirmed as HAT patients based on trypanosome observation during microscopy performed on blood, lymph, or CSF specimens ( | PMC10026442 | ||
Clinical symptoms and signs associated with HAT, regression analysis | motor disorders, HAT, coma, Coma | MOTOR DISORDERS, AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS, COMA, COMA | The frequency of the different inclusion clinical symptoms and signs, in HAT (Frequency of 13 clinical symptoms and signs in human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and non-HAT affected study participants. The figure contains data for 48 HAT and 2297 non-HAT participants with the exception of * only 19 HAT and 1294 non-HAT... | PMC10026442 |
Diagnostic performance of clinical presentation | HAT, itching, weight loss, weight loss and motor disorders | MOTOR DISORDERS, AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | The diagnostic performance of (co-)occurrence of the 4 clinical symptoms and signs that were associated singly or in combination with HAT, namely enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, severe itching, important weight loss and motor disorders, was studied in function of the HAT status in 48 HAT and 2297 non-HAT affected stu... | PMC10026442 |
Diagnostic performance of rapid diagnostic tests | HAT | AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | For estimation of the RDT diagnostic performance in 48 HAT and 2297 non-HAT clinical suspects, a few participants had partially missing RDT results (Table The diagnostic performance of 3 rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT)The individual diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positi... | PMC10026442 |
Diagnostic performance of reference laboratory tests on dried blood spots | Among the 48 HAT patients, 34/48 had a DBS and all 4 DBS test results were available for 33/34, while 1/34 HAT patient missed a LAMP result. Among the 66 RDT positive HAT negatives (Fig. Reference laboratory test results on dried blood spots. The Venn diagram shows the results of trypanolysis, ELISA/Table The diagnosti... | PMC10026442 | ||
Discussion | The HAT prevalence observed among the study participants during the 3 years of passive screening was 2.0%. The overall HAT prevalence reported by the national program in passive screening in the same prefectures in 2017 and 2018 was respectively 0.98 and 0.39% [Although there may be geographical and stage specific vari... | PMC10026442 | ||
Conclusions | In passive case detection, we can propose to health workers and clinicians in Guinean HAT endemic areas a relatively simple set of criteria with high sensitivity for selecting individuals to be further tested using HAT RDTs, which would result in a reduction of almost 70% of the HAT RDTs to be carried out. Performance ... | PMC10026442 | ||
Abbreviations | AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | Centre for diagnosis and treatmentCerebrospinal fluidDried blood spotDiagnostic tools for human African trypanosomiasis elimination and clinical trials work package 2, passive case detectionEnzyme-linked immunoassayHuman African trypanosomiasisLoopamp Mini anion exchange centrifugation technique on buffy coatNegative p... | PMC10026442 | |
Acknowledgements | We acknowledge staff members of the Guinean HAT National Elimination Program, and the HAT team of the Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l’Elevage en Zone Subhumide in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). We also acknowledge the health staff members from the health facilities involved in the study. | PMC10026442 | ||
Author contributions | All authors participated in writing, reviewing and editing of the draft. VL was responsible for conceptualization, formal analysis, data curation, funding acquisition, methodology, project administration and original draft preparation. OC participated in investigation and methodology. MC was involved in conceptualizati... | PMC10026442 | ||
Funding | This study was funded by the EDCTP2 programme supported by the Horizon 2020 European Union funding for Research and Innovation (Grant Number DRIA-2014-306-DiTECT-HAT). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. | PMC10026442 | ||
Availability of data and materials | AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | The public sharing of personal health data is subject to the General Data Protection Regulation. The health data underlying the findings described in the manuscript can therefore not be made public. Metadata are available via Lejon V, Camara O, Camara M, Ilboudo H, Kaboré J, Compaoré CFA, Buscher P, Bucheton B, 2022, "... | PMC10026442 | |
Declarations | PMC10026442 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | MINOR, AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS | The study in Guinea was part of the multi-country diagnostic clinical trial “Diagnostic tools for human African trypanosomiasis elimination and clinical trials work package 2, passive case detection” (DiTECT-HAT-WP2), registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov under identifier NCT03356665. Before initiation of the study, DiTECT-... | PMC10026442 | |
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10026442 | ||
Competing interests | The authors declare that they have no competing interests. | PMC10026442 | ||
References | PMC10026442 | |||
Background and Purpose | hearing skills | Use of unilateral cochlear implant (UCI) is associated with limited spatial hearing skills. Evidence that training these abilities in UCI user is possible remains limited. In this study, we assessed whether a Spatial training based on hand-reaching to sounds performed in virtual reality improves spatial hearing abiliti... | PMC10313844 | |
Methods | Using a crossover randomized clinical trial, we compared the effects of a Spatial training protocol with those of a Non-Spatial control training. We tested 17 UCI users in a head-pointing to sound task and in an audio-visual attention orienting task, before and after each training. <br>Study is recorded in clinicaltria... | PMC10313844 | ||
Results | During the Spatial VR training, sound localization errors in azimuth decreased. Moreover, when comparing head-pointing to sounds before vs. after training, localization errors decreased after the Spatial more than the control training. No training effects emerged in the audio-visual attention orienting task. | PMC10313844 | ||
Conclusions | Our results showed that sound localization in UCI users improves during a Spatial training, with benefits that extend also to a non-trained sound localization task (generalization). These findings have potentials for novel rehabilitation procedures in clinical contexts. | PMC10313844 | ||
Supplementary Information | The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-023-07886-1. | PMC10313844 | ||
Keywords | Open access funding provided by Università degli Studi di Trento within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. | PMC10313844 | ||
Introduction | BILATERAL HEARING LOSS, NEUROSENSORY DEAFNESS | In case of neurosensory deafness, standard interventions often comprise the application of cochlear implants (CI). Although this surgery is indicated for people with bilateral hearing loss, many patients receive only one CI [In this context of impoverished auditory cues, can CI users improve their sound localization sk... | PMC10313844 | |
Methods | PMC10313844 | |||
Participants | neurological or psychiatric, HEH, vestibular deficit | Twenty UCI participants were recruited to participate in the study. Sample size was based on two previous experiments addressing a similar research question with an identical experimental design, but with different populations (normal hearing: [All participants were recruited at the ORL department of the civil hospital... | PMC10313844 | |
Study design | head posture, HMD | The entire experiment was conducted inside VR environment. Participants wore a HMD (resolution: 1080 × 1200 px, Field Of View (FOV): 110°, Refresh rate: 90 Hz) that produced an immersive VR experience: participants always saw a reproduction of the room in which they were located. Importantly, the VR also allowed contin... | PMC10313844 | |
Procedures | PMC10313844 | |||
Testing phases | PMC10313844 | |||
Head-pointing sound localization task | In each trial, a single auditory target (3 s white noise burst) was presented from 8 possible pre-determined positions (5 repetitions each, resulting in 40 trials in each testing phase). The 8 positions were placed at 55 cm from the center of the subject’s head and they varied along the azimuth dimension (± 22.5° and ... | PMC10313844 | ||
Audio-visual cueing task | This task aimed to assess to what extent lateralized sound could capture the participant’s audio-visual attention. The task was performed outside VR in the same room of the sound localization task, with participants sat at a desk in front of a computer monitor flanked by speakers. In each trial, a visual disk appeared... | PMC10313844 | ||
VR training tasks | Participants were immersed in the same virtual room as the head-pointing sound localization task, but saw 13 virtual loudspeakers spanning ± 72° in front space (see Fig. | PMC10313844 | ||
Spatial VR training | Participants were instructed to reach the speaker emitting the sound using the VR controller they held in their right hand. The sound lasted until the participant reached and ‘touched’ the correct speaker. If they reached the wrong speaker, the correct loudspeaker started to display concentric red beams that expanded f... | PMC10313844 | ||
Non-Spatial VR training | Participants were instructed to identify the amplitude modulation in the target sound, and indicate their discrimination through a reaching movement using VR controller. For fast amplitude-modulated sounds, participants reached in front of them, aiming to touch the invisible virtual button placed above the central spea... | PMC10313844 | ||
Statistical analysis | head movements | Linear mixed-effect modeling was used for all statistical analyses. Statistical analyses were run using R (version 1.0.143). For the linear mixed-effect (LME) model, we used the R-packages emmean, lme4, lmerTest in R Studio [To study head movements, we extracted three dependent variables: number of head rotations, head... | PMC10313844 | |
Results | PMC10313844 | |||
VR training | PMC10313844 | |||
Performance | hearing asymmetries, SD | The spatial discrepancy between the stimulated and the reached speaker (i.e., absolute localization error in azimuth, calculated as difference in absolute value between speaker and response position in azimuth in degrees) was on average 24.0 degrees (SD = 14.0), with a numerical (but not-significant) bias toward the si... | PMC10313844 | |
Head movements | head movements | Head rotations were overall more frequent in the Spatial (6.51 ± 3.15) compared to the Non-Spatial VR training (1.5 ± 1.0, During the Spatial VR training, we observed that UCI users adapted their spontaneous head movements as a function of sound eccentricity as training trials progressed. Specifically, number of head r... | PMC10313844 | |
Effects beyond the trained task | PMC10313844 | |||
Head-pointing to sounds | PMC10313844 | |||
Performance | The Spatial VR training improved performance (i.e., decreased absolute error in azimuth) more than the Non-Spatial training, irrespective of the session in which it was completed (Spatial—pre: 52.6° ± 26.2°; post: 39.3° ± 23.5°; Non-Spatial training—pre: 43.8° ± 27.4°; post: 42.0° ± 27.6°, As documented above, individu... | PMC10313844 | ||
Head movements | head movements | In order to describe changes in head movement after training, we measured number of head rotations, head-rotation extent, head-rotation bias and direction of the first head movements during the sound (see Analysis for a description of these variables). We report here the main findings, but see Supplementary Materials f... | PMC10313844 | |
Audio-visual attention orienting task | When people with normal hearing are asked to make a visual discrimination (here on the elevation of the visual target, up vs. down), they are faster when the visual target is preceded by a sound located in the same (congruent) vs. opposite side of the space (incongruent) [ | PMC10313844 | ||
Discussion | hearing threshold, head movements, head movements’ behavior, head-movement behaviors, hearing asymmetry, hearing in monaural listening conditions [ | UNILATERAL HEARING LOSS | We observed that UCI users can improve their sound localization abilities, despite the substantial impoverishment of the available auditory cues. Thus, acoustic space perception improvement is possible also for people using a single CI, at least in the experimental context we have examined. Specifically, we showed that... | PMC10313844 |
Conclusion | Using a novel VR training based on reaching to sounds, audio-visual feedback and free head movements during listening, we documented that training sound localization ability in UCI users is possible. While these observations emerged in laboratory setting, they have direct translational implications for the clinical con... | PMC10313844 | ||
Acknowledgements | P. | BLIND, FOUNDER | We are grateful to all the participants who accepted to participate in this study. C. V. was supported by a grant of the Università Italo-Francese/Université Franco-Italienne, the Zegna Founder’s Scholarship and Associazione Amici di Claudio Demattè. F. P. , A.F. and V.G. were supported by a grant of the Agence Nationa... | PMC10313844 |
Author contributions | RS, FM | CV, FP, and AF conceptualized and designed the experiment and managed funding acquisition and project administration. CV, SB, SG, and FM performed the experiment. CV and FP analyzed data and wrote the paper. GV and RS worked on software. FP, AF and ET supervised the project and managed funding. LR, JG, AC, and VG helpe... | PMC10313844 | |
Funding | Open access funding provided by Università degli Studi di Trento within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. | PMC10313844 | ||
Data availability | Data can be retrieved osf.io/mbshq. | PMC10313844 | ||
Declarations | PMC10313844 | |||
Conflict of interest | The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. | PMC10313844 | ||
References | PMC10313844 | |||
Abstract |
All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. | PMC10640691 | ||
Background | coronavirus disease 2019 | CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 | There is growing consensus that coronavirus disease 2019 booster vaccines may be coadministered with other age-appropriate vaccines. Adding to the limited available data supporting coadministration, especially with adjuvanted vaccines, could enhance vaccine coverage in adults. | PMC10640691 |
Methods | zoster | ZOSTER, SECONDARY | In this phase 3, randomized, open-label study, eligible adults aged ≥50 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive mRNA-1273 (50 µg) booster vaccination and a first dose of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV1) 2 weeks apart (Seq group) or concomitantly (Coad group). The second RZV dose (RZV2) was administered 2 months ... | PMC10640691 |
Results | myalgia, mild/moderate, pain | ADVERSE EVENTS | In total, 273 participants were randomized to the Seq group and 272 to the Coad group. Protocol-specified noninferiority criteria were met. The adjusted geometric mean concentration ratio (Seq/Coad) was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], .89–1.13) for anti-gE antibodies 1 month post-RZV2, and 1.09 (95% CI, .90–1.32) f... | PMC10640691 |
Conclusions | zoster | ZOSTER | Coadministration of mRNA-1273 booster vaccine with RZV in adults aged ≥50 years was immunologically noninferior to sequential administration and had a safety and reactogenicity profile consistent with both vaccines administered sequentially.
When coadministered, mRNA-1273 COVID-19 booster vaccine and recombinant zoster... | PMC10640691 |
Graphical Abstract | zoster, varicella zoster, coronavirus disease 2019 | ZOSTER, VARICELLA ZOSTER, VIRUS, CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019, DISEASE, CORONAVIRUS, DISEASE, SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME, INFLUENZA |
Accumulating real-world data substantiate the protective benefits of messenger RNA (mRNA) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and the need for additional doses beyond the primary series due to waning immunity and/or emergence of new variants [Numerous health agencies including the United States (US) Centers f... | PMC10640691 |
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