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Why don't we move down even further toward the masses by setting this
up on an IBM PC clone(probably needs to be a 386 or a 486) with a
sound blaster and a V.32bis modem. Those components are very widely
available. I don't know if the PC has enough horsepower to encrypt the data
at realtime, but the sound blaster has 4 to 1 hardware compression and will
work at any sampling rate from 4KHz to 23 KHz.
Doug Holland
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Hi there,
I was wondering if anyone knew if John Wetteland was put on the DL again
after his first 15-day period was up? I read in the USA Today Sports
section that he is on for "surgery to repair broken toe", and was
wondering if that was new. I thought he was just letting it heal.
Another question, Is Derek Lilliquist the main closer for the Indians now
that Olin is gone. I need to know cause I need to find a reliever to
replace Wetteland and so far Lilliquist is doing ok. Any information on
either of the players would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your
time.
Ryan Robin.
___________________________________________________________
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|
.
Of some relevance to the posts on this subject might be Deut.23:2,
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From article <1r8uckINNcmf@gap.caltech.edu>, by wen-king@cs.caltech.edu (Wen-King Su):
--Yes, it does come with the Maxima GXE engine mated to the Maxima SE
transmission. And it has decent power for a minivan also.
Check again.
--Aamir Qazi
--
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|
Well, on the contrary, I thought Dave was rather taken with her and her
accent..."(H)ockey is my passion"...
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The domain address of the WHO is: who.arcom.ch
So try sending email to postmaster@who.arcom.ch
Josh
backon@VMS.HUJI.AC.IL
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|
Are you kidding? I'm stuck with the Toronto SkyDome, where their idea
of a 7th inning stretch is that "Blue Jays" song where everyone gets
to yell: "Okay, okay, Blue Jays, Blue Jays, Let's Play Ball!"
Wow.. what genius did it take to compose that one, to outshine the
old classic. And there are women on the field to "lead the crowd".
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I would have to say that the "greatest philosopher" title would have to
go to Plato since the whole enterprise of philosophy was essentially
defined by him. Although he got most of his answers wrong, he did
definitively identify what the important questions are. I think it
was Descartes who said that "All philosophy is just a footnote to Plato."
If I were to choose which philosopher made the most important advances
in human knowledge over his lifetime, that's simple...it is Aristotle.
This is so much the case that many simply refer to him as "the philosopher".
Regarding Nietzsche, he's one of the most entertaining, although since his
ideas were so fragmented (and since his life was cut short) it is doubtful
that his influence as a philosopher is likely to be very extensive 500 years
from now. They'll probably still be reading him in 500 years though.
As for "modern" philosophers, I would have to say that Kant was the most
influential since he had such a strong influence on almost everyone who
came after him (and unfortunately, they maintained his errors and
amplified them over time).
I would say that the most influential "american" philosopher would have to
be Dewey.
But as to the question of what philosopher will be most highly regarded in
500 years, it may very well be Ayn Rand (who in every important respect
was "American", but was born in Russia). But I guess that remains to be seen.
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Dancing With Idjits.
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|
I believe Acker got a ring from his wife when they were married
I don't know why you guys keep bickering about Morris. The stats show he
is a mediocre pitcher at best (this year is another case), he just happened
to win 21 games. I saw many of his games last year, he did pitch some good
games. But this crap about being a clutch pitcher is nonsense, he was
constantly giving up go ahead runs in the 6-8th innings (the clutch innings)
and the Jays would somehow scrape a win for him. Another major factor in
his 21 wins, is that Cito 'I dont realize i have a bullpen' Gaston would
leave Morris in for ever, therefore giving him many more chances to win
games (i believe this is the major reason he won 21 games last year).
Barry Walker
BNR
Ottawa
Canada
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Try swapping the phone cables in the back of the modem.
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Sorry, forgot to add its a Jap. import
Andy
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|
stuff deleted - but message is:
:
:
: >He is God.
:
: In other words, the right of might.
:
: >He is God.
:
: In other words, the right of might.
:
:
:
: >God granted you the gift of life whether you were sinner or saint.
:
: In other words, he can do it, he did it, and your in no position to
: argue about it.
:
: >one that must be killed by Him. Note: I say that God and God alone is
: >worthy to be Judge, Jury and Executioner. We are not called to carry out
: >such duties because we are not worthy.
:
: In other words, you better do what this God wants you to do, or else!
:
: >|> Who is god to impose its rules on us ? Who can tell if god is REALLY so
:
:
: >God is God. Who are we to question the Creator? If you doubt God's doing
: >in certain situations, do you claim to know a better solution? Would you
: >be playing the role of God?
:
: In other words, its his game, he made the rules, and if you know whats
: good for you you'll play his game his way.
:
Careful there, you make God out to be some spoiled little deity that when
he can't have his way takes his ball and goes home.
Now that you mention it....
Naw... Can't be right, makes sense.
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|
I'm a little worried about this pitching thing. 6.08 is scarry even for
the first 16 games of the season. Mesa (sp?) seems to be settling down.
He pitched well against the Red Soxs, but The Rocket matched him. I got a
chance to watch them play against California Wednesday and he pitched well
also. Then the dam broke. Wickander came in and promptly it was 6-1. (3
run homer by Snow?).
I heard the guys on ESPN say that 7 of the TRIBE's top 10 prospects are
pitchers. Anyone out there like to post who these guys are and where they
are?
The TRIBE is on ESPN again tonight against Oakland.
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|
Lexus es300, gs300, sc300, Infiniti J30, Dozens of others, including
common cars like the Toyota Camry (as an option).
Lexus ls400, sc400, Acura Legend, Infiniti Q45, Lincoln Mark VIII, some
cadillacs and other luxury autos.
V10 - Dodge viper (?)
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|
[ to a .rle file ^^^^^^^]
I thought I'd reply to this, though I ain't brad. AT any case, a lot
of picture-file viewers that will convert, say, between .gif,etc, to
.bmp *will* convert to .rle. I Know for a fact that PaintShop
(shareware from cica; /desktop, I think, filename psVVV.zip (I think,
where VVV is the ver. number. If that's not true, let me know and I"ll
post a corection).
This, however, will write your .rle file with a .bmp extension, so you
have to rename it.
NOW, another thing....
this is from the windows' FAQ:
your file has to be less than 64 K
( at least that's what the faq says, but Mine wont work for more than
about 30...maybe they mend 32K, I don't know).
Your file has to fit VGA size (480 * 860, or whatever standard vga size
is.) If you use a non-vga screen (e.g. Cga, ega, svga, there is also a
way to do it, but I thing instead of vgalogo.lgo you use another file,
such as cgalogo.lgo, egalogo.lgo, or something. I'm not sure about
this, as I have a vga, but i'm sure you could find it in the faq (a
windows help ver. of which *is* available at cica, but don't konw the
filename).
ALSO....your .bmp has to be 16 COLOURS Or less.
These specs rule out some of the good .bmp's. I found cartoon drawings
work quite well as they have the advantage of looking good with little
memory.
Finally, REMEMBER TO SAVE YOUR CURRENT WIN.COM before, and put your
new win.com in the windows directory. Also, don't start windows from a
directory where another win.com is present, as *that* is used instead of
the one in the windows dir, and win. won't start.
Share this fairly, but don't take a slice of my pie (PF).
Mickey
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|
VW and Mercedes have tinkered with particulate traps. Also, VW
uses a kind of turbocharger on their Jetta ECOdiesel that helps
reduce particulates as well, although I don't know the
mechanics of it.
Many diesel cars,busses, and trucks in Europe are now being
equipped with catalysts and traps in an effort to clean up
diesel emissions, already well below legal limits anyway.
It's a shame GM had to soil the diesel's reputation in
passenger cars and prevent further resource devotion to
research into making this outstandingly efficient engine even
further ahead of gas engines in emissions.
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|
From: bsw@utrc.utc.com (Bruce S. Winters)
Subject: Re: Warped brake discs on '91 Taurus L
>In the past few years I have owned 3 Mustang GTs and now own a 91 T-Bird
>SC. They all have had this problem. There was a recall on the T-bird for
>the brake problem. The Ford dealer replaced the rotors and pads but the
>rotors warp after about 10K miles. Between this problem and the fit and
>finish problems on the T-Bird I'll never buy a Ford again.
I just had my rotors on my '92 Taurus GL changed less than 500 miles
ago and...you guessed it, I'm noticing slight warpage in the left rotor.
:-( I had a mechanic friend of mine look at it and he said that there is a
high spot on the rotor that is causing the problem. This is a brand new
rotor bought from a Ford Dealership. Can't they even produce a brand new
rotor that is not warped? I'm currently negotiating with them to swap it
out for a new rotor.
This is my first American build car and I'm not overly impressed.
Tony
--
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|
Wood is fairly small for an enforcer-type. I mean, Fleury does a pretty good
job and isn't that large, but Dody is no Fleury.
Having been witness to three or four of his fights closeup, he simply isn't
ready to fight at an NHL level (assuming that it's his role, which is ALL he
really showed us in his few games up from K.C. -- if he can pass, shoot or
skate, I never saw much of it). All he has is a right fist, which isn't bad,
but at the NHL level, the other players are smart enough to grab the thing
before he can land anything significant. Once you control that hand, he's a
fish flopping on the beach and the other player can do just about anything
he wants to him. His entire strategy seemed to be keep the hand out of reach
until he found an opening -- and I never once saw him find an opening worth
talking about. He got neutralized quickly, and stomped on a couple of times.
Unless he shows some new tricks in camp, he'll be on my "career minor
leaguer" list. Since this was his first taste of the NHL, I expect the
Sharks gave it to him so he'd KNOW what he'd have to work on off-season. He
needs to get stronger, he needs to get more speed and he needs to show some
versatility as something else than a simply goond, because he wasn't
particularly good as a goon.
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This was posted by Lyn Bates to the firearms-politics mailing list:
I recently learned that Don Kates was going to be in Boston to give a talk
at the Harbard Law School about the Waco situation. (Of course, this was
all set up after the incident started but long before its unhappy
conclusion.) So, yesterday I went to hear him. What follows is a rough
summary of what I think I heard him say, which should not be taken as
exactly what he actually said...
Kates started by saying that since he didn't know any more about the fire
than the audience did (it had just happened the day before), he would not
discuss that, but would concentrate on the original raid.
Koresh definitely was not playing with a full deck. But so what? This
isn't the first time that the leader of a new, small religious group has
been ridiculed by the public. Extreme religious views nearly always fuel
hatred and mistrust. The first amendment applies, maybe especially, to
people like Koresh.
Lengthy digression into the history of police organizations in the US.
There were none until about 1830, when they began in metropolitan areas.
Police originally were not armed; if they found a crime in progress, they
called local armed citizens to help. Many began to carry arms for
protection despite regulations against them, eventually the laws were
changed to allow them to carry guns. The original intent was to have many
small police departments, jealous of one another and competitive, but not
large enough to be a threat to liberty, hence the plethora of
organizations ranging from postal inspectors to the coast guard. When the
FBI was started, agents did not have the authority oto carry guns (they
were to be, after all, a bureau of investigation, not a police force).
"All police agencies will be misused by anyone in power to maintain that
power."
The BATF started as a tax collection agency, whose primary job was to raid
illegal stills. When the price of sugar went up so high that moonshiners
no longer found their trade no longer profitable, many illegal stills
disappeared, and the BATF needed something else to do to justify its
existence, so it turned to activities like phony raids on gun stores.
Around the time when the BATF's annual budget is under review, the media
is alerted by the BATF to come to such-and-such a place, where at a
pre-arranged time, a bunch of cars full of BATF agents roar up to the door
and the media get great pictures of the agents entering the premises of a
gun dealer suspected of not keeping books properly. The media isn't
invited in for the boring hours of agents leafing through paperwork, but
if any irregularities are found, the media gets to cover the agents
removing armfuls of guns from the premises, and the luckless FFL in
chains.
The Waco incident happened a few weeks before BATF's budget was up for
review.
Kates' opinion is that it was a staged publicity stunt that went bad, and
that the BATF never thought for a moment that they would actually be shot
at, or they would have planned the raid differently (not sending 100
agents over open ground with no cover, for example), and would have had
some medical personnel on hand.
He confirmed that some years ago there was a warrant for Koresh's arrest
in connection with a murder charge, and the local sheriff called him on
the phone and explained about it. Koresh sais, ok, come pick me up, and
the sheriff did, temporarily confiscating all the guns so that they could
be tested. Koresh was later cleared, release, and presumably got his guns
back. At least at that time, he was rational enough to be approached
rationally, and behaved in a reasonable manner.
The BATF didn't take into account that, unlike most of the FFL's they
audit, Koresh was actually paranoid, and fostered paranoia in his
followers. Thus the pubicity stunt looked like a real attack to them, and
they reacted accordingly.
With respect to the original warrant, it had not been unsealed when Kates
was giving his talk, so he could not comment on it, except to mention that
the BATF has been known to not double-check the veractiy of their
informants, if they can manage to get a judge to issue a warrant. He had
more to say about the way the warrant was served, which may have been
completely illegal. Apparently the proper way to serve a warrant is to
knock on the door and announce that you're an officer with a warrant for
thus-and-so; if they don't open the door and the evidence is flushable,
then it is ok to break in the door. But since it is hard to flush guns
down the toilet, there may have been no justification for the BATF
breaking in the way they did. If the constitutional rights of the
Davidians were violated by an invalid warrant, or by an improperly served
warrant, then the Davidians may have been justified in their actons. A
close look at one of the original films shows that one BATF agent _may_
have shot himself by accident when entering the building; if so, this was
the first shot fired!
The role of the media could have been a whole lot worse. After an initial
position on the side of the BATF, the media began to come around to the
view that this might be a situation in which legally armed citizens held
off a bad, possibly illegal attack. A real cynic might say that the FBI
went in when they did because it was clear that public opinion was
beginning to change sides, and the FBI wanted to act before they lost the
public's sympathy.
Should the BATF be abolished? No. Police agencies _should_ be numerous,
diverse, inefficient, decentralized, etc. Better a few inept accidents
like this, than a move toward a single, large, well-organized,
well-trained, powerful, domestic police force, which would eventually have
even more tragic results.
- Lyn Bates
(bates@bbn.com)
PS Don Kates will be giving a shorter version of this talk at Boston
College Law School next Tuesday, April 27. I don't know the exact time or
place, but presumably a phone call to the BC law school could elicit that
information.
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|
After reading many postings concerning hard drives I'm still unclear
about one thing. These new "cached hard drives" - is the cache on the
drive itself or is it separate, like on the controller or something?
Thanks to anyone who can clear this up.
--
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| 3
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As of the third edition (June 92) the O'Reilly book (Vol 2) under
BadMatch
Any invalid setting of a window attribute
Attribute besides win_gravity, event_mask, do_not_propogate+mask,
override_redirect, or cursor specified for InputOnly window
depth non-zero for InputOnly
Parent of InputOutput is InputOnly
border_width is non-zero for InputOnly
depth or visual invalid for screen
width or height is 0
| 6
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|
And then cosper@seq.uncwil.edu (Kit Cosper) quoth:
=>A comment made by one of the Braves announcers, attributed to
=>an anonymous player after Friday night's game,
=>
=> "I'm sorry we didn't tie it up, I wanted to see some more
=> umpiring."
=>
=>Just about sums it up.............
Sure, like Ron Gant wasn't completely out of line.
If I were Hirschbeck, I would have ejected, in order, Ron Gant, every single
last Brave who came onto the field, and possibly Bobby Cox, depending on the
language he used. Since Cox was the only Brave rung up, I suspect I would
have thrown him out too.
You simply cannot show up an umpire like Ron Gant did. It is disrespectful
of not only the home plate umpire, but of the dignity of the game.
| 11
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|
Just ask postmaster for the e-mail address of the printer. :-)
| 3
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|
The annihilation of Islam ("Turks") is an older Serbian agenda. But
I strongly dispute your notion that Croats had a similar older agenda,
in fact, for the past century or two, Croats and Muslims have seen
themselves as having a lot in common, and they generally had friendly
relations. Your suggestion that Croat-Muslim relationship is
anything like Serb-Muslim relationship is completely wrong.
To say that Croats and Muslims have a lot in common does not imply
they are not separate peoples. The events of the past two years
clearly show Muslim determination to remain separate: in their alliance
with Croats, they maintained this separation. Croats would have
accepted a much closer relationship, I think. This century plus
of building bridges between these two friendly peoples is now at
risk, because of the inexorable logic of war.
Since Bosnian Serbs (32% of population) have 10 times more heavy
weapons than Bosnian Muslims (44%) and Croats (17%) combined, they
have squeezed Muslims and Croats into only 30% of the territory.
Muslims lost more territory than Croats (who built defenses early on).
Under these conditions, any alliance is bound to fall apart since
it is easier to recover lost land from Croats than from Serbs.
The only thing keeping this in check was the hope of reversal of
fortunes through foreign military intervention and lifting of the
arms embargo. Since Warren Christopher had no luck persuading
the Europeans to go along with this, this hope was dashed. Having
no prospect of outside help, the former allies turned on each other,
like two starved animals in a tight cage.
This inexorable logic, of course, got plenty of help from Serbian
intelligence operatives, who were doing everything to build
mistrust between Croats and Muslims for over a year. A timely
intervention to stop Serbian aggression would have prevented this.
Sadly, nothing was done to create a balance of power on the
ground. As long as the Serbs enjoy 10:1 advantage, they can
break any alliance, even among friends. This is tragic, but
hardly new: "divide et impera" was used by ancient Romans
with success. In my view, Bosnian Muslims and Croats managed
to resist this divisive strategy reasonably well until May 9, 1993,
when the hope of reversal of fortunes was lost.
I have a question for the distinguished diplomats: do they
believe Balkan peoples are experimental cannon fodder? I'd like to know
what did they expect when they decided to enforce the arms embargo which
solidified Serbian 10:1 advantage in heavy weapons; how did they expect
to prevent fragmentation of the Muslim and Croat defense forces; and how
on Earth do they hope to restore peace without justice?
The implications of this immoral approach I cannot begin to predict,
but I am filled with foreboding...
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|
I find this remark to be awfully arrogant. I would venture to
say that there are many people who are Christians now, who at one
point in their lives had no intention of ever becoming a Christian.
I was certainly one such person. I am quite thankful that there
were Christians who were willing to continue to talk to me, despite
the appearance that it might have been a waste of their time and
mine. (I even married one of them.)
| 18
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|
+--------------+
||+----------+ | Are +-------------+
||| All The | | there | ===========+|
||| PC News | | any? |' Mac SE ||
||| That Fit | | | |' or ||
||| on TV | | | |' Classic ||
||+----------+ | v |' [68000] ||
||||||||||||||||=--+ +---------+ |'- - - - - -+|
++-------+++++++ +--+ Frame | +--------+ | ______::::::|
| [video]'""""'|=--+ | Grabber | | Mac +---=| ------======|
|________LLLLLL| | Board +---+ Vision | |||||||||||||||
~~ ~~ +=========+ +========+ |||||||||||||||
_____________________________________________________________________
I know of several NuBus frame-grabber boards but wonder if there
might be similar ones for the lesser Macs (those without slots),
something permitting instant freezing of a video picture (PAL)
and feeding it in without jaggies to a simple digitizer like
MacVision (which takes 22 secs to scan a picture, so a frame
grabber is a necessity).
The objective is 512*342 1bit/ pixel (B/W) pictures stored in
HyperCard... have tried using top-quality VCR with freeze-frame
function but the screens come out full of streaks and garbage.
PLEASE reply ONLY to ----------> ianf@random.se
and I'll summarize
to the net (cannot
read such high-volume
group as is c.s.m.h) Thanks!
| 10
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|
I don't know for sure that this will work, but you might try MEK (methyl
ethyl keytone?). It worked getting the stickum left over from shelf paper,
and is available at paint stores. Use a carbon gas mask and lots of
ventilation--this stuff really stinks!
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|
Having vainly looked for devices capable of dealing to the NEC 77P20
DSP chip which dont require taking out a mortgage, i decided to roll
my own. Not a difficult task for an 8751, given that all the timing
relationships are set out in the databook. One thing bothers me, that
is the accursed 50ms 21 volt Vpp pulse. Sure, a little buck step-up
converter can achieve this (in what is otherwise an all 5 volt widget)
but i know latterday eproms dont need nearly this pulse length.
Q : has anyone come up with a more efficient programming algorithm
which is failsafe ?
cheers
Mike.
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Even better, let's pass a law making it illegal to kill people
with bombs of *any* sort.
--henry schaffer
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Just thought of something. Yes, laptops can still be read, but it's not quite
as easy as a normal pc with a CRT. My thought, Airline pilots lately have
been complaining about how laptops being used in flight mess with the plane's
instruments. If this can be hyped up, manufacturers may start building
laptops with even lower emmisions. It would probably still be possible to
pick up with surveillance equipment, but at this point, it would be a lot
cheaper to mask the remaining signals with TEMPEST techniques.
Doug Holland
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Me too!
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|
Frequently-asked questions about the OPEN LOOK Graphical User Interface.
If your question isn't here, please try (at *least*)
man openwin
man xnews
man 7 xview
and looking in the appropriate manuals listed in the Bibliography below
before posting to the comp.windows.open-look, comp.windows.x or
alt.toolkits.xview newsgroups and/or their corresponding mailing lists.
Special Notes:
* I have not updated this FAQ for the recently-announced OpenWindows 4,
due to ship later this year.
* Yes, Sun is moving to Motif, along with all of COSE. But the Motif to
which they move will be a new Motif, with some of the OPEN LOOK UI
features added.
* Yes, OpenWindows 4 will use DPS instead of NeWS. NeWS is dead.
This means TNT is dead, too.
* XView and OLIT will be supported, but probably not enhanced after the
next release. I don't know if there will be a source release of
XView 3.1 or not.
* The COSE Environment will include at least some of Sun's DeskSet,
ported to Motif. Look for Calendar Manager and Mailtool, at least.
* Yes, the new Mailtool will be MIME-compliant.
Frequently Asked Questions for X11 are posted to comp.windows.x monthly.
This is version: $Revision: 1.48 $; Last posted version: 1.46
Contents: (in rn and trn you can use control-G to go to the next topic)
Subject: Terminology: OPEN LOOK, OpenWindows, X11, XView, (MO)OLIT, Motif
Subject: Window Managers -- olwm, olvwm
Subject: OpenWindows, Terminals, and Other Displays
Subject: Configuration Files: Getting started with OpenWindows
Subject: Key Bindings, Cut and Paste
Subject: Applications: Finding Out...
Subject: DeskSet, Calendar Manager, etc.
Subject: Trouble Shooting: Strange Error Messages
Subject: Trouble Shooting: It Won't Let Me Type
Subject: Trouble Shooting: Not authorized to use display
Subject: Trouble Shooting: other common problems
Subject: Trouble Shooting: XView problems
Subject: Fonts
Subject: Environment Variables
Subject: Where Can I get It? Ftp, implementations, etc...
Subject: Bibliography -- books, manuals, journals, papers, beer-mats
Subject: Getting this File, Revision History, Recent Changes
Subject: Terminology: OPEN LOOK, OpenWindows, X11, XView, OLIT, MOOLIT, Motif
@ What is OPEN LOOK?
OPEN LOOK is a specification of a Graphical User Interface (GUI).
A GUI determines the `look and feel' of a system -- the shape of
windows, buttons and scroll-bars, how you resize things, how you
edit files, etc.
The OPEN LOOK GUI is specified, developed and maintained jointly by
Sun Microsystems and AT&T (or USL?).
See Also:
Bibliography
@ What is OpenWindows?
OpenWindows is a windowing environment that conforms to the OPEN LOOK
Graphical User Interface Specifications. It's compatible with the
X11 window system from MIT as well as (currently) Sun's NeWS and SunView,
so you can intermix programs written for any of those systems.
It comes from Sun and also with System V Release 4 from certain vendors.
OpenWindows is sometimes also called openwin or xnews, after the
program used to start it and the main executable itself, respectively.
It should not be called `Windows' or 'OPEN LOOK' or `OpenLook', as
these terms are either wrong or apply to something else.
A commerical OpenWindows source licence costs about $5,000 for the server,
plus about $25,000 for DeskSet, and another $40,000 for ToolTalk.
The current versions of OpenWindows for various platforms are:
SunOS 4.1.1 on Sun 3: 2.0
Solaris 1.x (SunOS 4.1.x) on SPARC: 3.0
Solaris 2.0 (SunOS 5) on SPARC: 3.0.1
See Also:
Mixing X11 and OpenWindows
Where can I get it?
@ What are OLIT, XView and TNT?
These are all toolkits for programmers to use in developing programs
that conform to the OPEN LOOK specifications. See the Bibliography
for documentation on the individual toolkits. Here's a brief summary:
OLIT was AT&T's OPEN LOOK Intrinsics Toolkit for the X Window system;
it used a widget set, and was probably the easiest for people who were
already X11/Xt programmers to learn. You could buy the source from AT&T,
although you didn't get the same version tht Sun ship. Sun includes the
OLIT library in OpenWindows (q.v.); it is also often included in
System V Release 4. It was written in C. The release of OLIT in
OpenWindows 3.0 was OLIT 3.0. OLIT support passed to USL (then a
division of AT&T, now owned by Novell), who replaced it with MoOLIT (q.v.).
Note that because of the nature of Xt subclassing, you will probably
want or need OLIT source in order to develop a large application or
anything else that uses subclasses.
[see the proceedings of the 1991 X Technical Conference]
XView is Sun's toolkit for X11, written in C. XView is similar in
programmer interface to SunView. There's even a shell script to help
migrate source code from SunView to XView. XView is often said to be
the easiest toolkit to learn if you are not familiar with X Windows.
The XView toolkit is included in OpenWindows, and full source is
available by anonymous ftp from export.lcs.mit.edu (and elsewhere).
The current version of XView from Sun is 3.0.
Despite rumours to the contrary -- some even from within Sun -- the
XView toolkit is *NOT* about to be dropped by Sun. XView *will* be
included in the next release of OpenWindows, unlike NeWS.
On the other hand, the XView toolkit is not likely to receive as much
attention from Sun in the future as OLIT.
The NeWS Toolkit (TNT) was an object-oriented programming system based
on the PostScript language and NeWS. TNT implements many of the
OPEN LOOK interface components required to build the user interface of
an application. It's currently included in OpenWindows.
The current version of TNT from Sun is 3.1; Release 3 contains some
incompatibilities with `tNt' 1.0 and TNT 2.0, but Sun are committed to
supporting the API, at least until they stop NeWS support some time
later this year and replace it with Display PostScript. Wail.
You might ask what `is committed to' means in this context; the
answer seems to be that it means absolutely nothing.
Sun currently asserts that it is committed to OLIT, however.
The C++ User Interface Toolkit (UIT) consists of an object-oriented C++
class library layered on top of XView and a tool to generate code from
DevGuide 3 GIL files. The UIT also includes features that simplify
event management and the use of PostScript and color. It is said to be
compatible with OpenWindows V2 and V3, and presumably V3.0.1, since the
release mentions that it works on Solaris 2.
UIT is not an official Sun-supported product but an ongoing project of
various people within Sun. It can be found on export.lcs.mit.edu in
the MIT contrib directory as UITV2.tar.Z (use binary mode!).
@ Where does Motif fit in?
It doesn't :-). Motif is an alternative Graphical User Interface that
is being developed by OSF. It has a `look and feel' reminiscent of
Microsoft Windows and the OS/2 Presentation Manager. There are no non-
commercial Motif toolkits available, although the Motif source is sold
reasonably cheaply by OSF. Although Motif is currently available on
more platforms than OpenWindows, the OPEN LOOK GUI is almost certainly
used on many more machines, simply because Sun (and SysVR4) have such a
large installed base.
Sun's CD/WARE Volume 2 contains a roadmap for improving Motif
applications by converting them to OLIT [:-)]; there are also notes in
the `Periodic Table' OLIT demo, $OPENWINHOME/demo/olittable.
@ What is MoOLIT?
MoOLIT is a version of OLIT from AT&T/USL that lets users choose between
a Motif and an OPEN LOOK UI feel at run-time. It will be part of System V
Release 4.2.
Contact: Joanne Newbauer, jo@usl.com, (908) 522-6677
@ What about that Display PostScript thing?
Sun and Adobe have agreed that Sun will include the DPS extension to X
in the next release of OpenWindows. DPS is essentially a badly designed
hack on top of a slow Level 2 PostScript interpreter intended to give a
very small subset of the functionality of NeWS whilst simultaneously
being harder to use, as I understand it. The only real advantage it
has over NeWS is that the manual is much smaller, being generally less
complete; DPS is also available on more kinds of machine.
Performance on our RS/6000 is not suitable for interactive work;
what it will be like on the SPARCStation remains to be seen.
Note that whereas X/NeWS fonts are shared by both subsystems, the DPS
extension to X does _not_ make Type 1 PostScript fonts available to
ordinary X11 programs. It is not like ATM on a PC in this regard.
(there is at least one third-party version which does make fonts
available, however)
Subject: Window Managers -- olwm, olvwm
@ What are olwm and olvwm?
They are window managers. A window manager is the part of the X Window
system (e.g. X11) that is responsible for deciding how to lay out windows
on the screen, and for managing the user's interaction with the windows.
Olwm is the standard OPEN LOOK window manager.
It's included with all of the OpenWindows (q.v.) implementations, and
you can also get the source by ftp, since Sun donated it.
Olvwm is a version of olwm that manages a `virtual desktop' (hence the
`v' in its name). It shows a little map on the screen, with the
currently displayed area represented by a little rectangle. You can
move around by dragging the rectangle or with the arrow keys. This
lets you run several clients (applications) and move the display around
from one to the other. Olvwm was derived from the OpenWindows 3.0 olwm
by Scott Oaks; you need to have XView 3.0 to compile it.
Get olvwm from an ftp site such as export.lcs.mit.edu (in the contrib
directory; there are three patches).
@ Can I use my favorite window manager with OpenWindows instead of olwm?
Yes. If you use twm, for example, or mwm, you won't be able to use
the Pin and Unpin feature of olwm, and you (probably) won't see the
footers some windows use to display certain messages.
If you use twm, you'll want to use the f.delete function to unpin menus
and get rid of programs that don't have a `quit' button when not run
under olwm.
For twm, put this in your $HOME/.twmrc:
LeftTitleButton "target" = f.delete
where "target" is a 16x16 icon from /usr/include/X11/bitmaps.
Alternatively, try
# Add a menu to each window managed by twm or tvtwm
LeftTitleButton ":menu" = f.menu "OL.menu"
menu "OL.menu" {
"Quit" f.delete
}
For mwm, you can double-click on the menu icon on the left of the title
bar to dismiss a pop-up window (I am told).
See the manual page for your window manager (twm, etc).
Subject: OpenWindows, Terminals, and Other Displays
@ Can I use olwm and olvwm without OpenWindows or on an X Terminal?
The OpenWindows xnews server combines SunView, NeWS (PostScript) and X11.
This means that it can run programs compiled for any of those systems.
Unfortunately, it means that some OpenWindows programs need either NeWS
or SunView support, and thus won't run on an X terminal. This includes
pageview in particular.
You can use olwm or olvwm (see above) on an X terminal or a non-Open-
Windows display, and most OPEN LOOK clients (e.g. OLIT or XView ones)
will work perfectly well. You may find that you get complaints about
fonts not being found. If so, see the Fonts section below.
If you are running the window manager built-in to an NCD terminal, you
may have problems with input focus; setting *Input: True in the terminal's
XDefault file in /usr/lib/X11/xdm may or may not help.
Subject: Configuration Files: Getting started with OpenWindows
@ What configuration files do I need to know about?
.xinitrc and .xsessionrc
The first time you run OpenWindows, a .xinitrc file will be created in
your login directory ($HOME). If it already exists, you might have to
edit it somewhat; it's simplest to move it and any other old X11 files
you have to another directory, and then merge the old and new files.
If your site uses xdm, you should use .xsession instead of .xinitrc,
since xdm doesn't look at your .xinitrc file.
.openwin-init, .openwin-menu and .openwin-sys
These are optional files you can create in your $HOME directory,
depending on which version of olwm or olvwm you use.
Look in $OPENWINHOME/lib (normally /usr/openwin/lib) for these files
without the leading . and copy any you want to change. You may need
to edit your .xinitrc to get them recognized. If you are not on an
X terminal, you will want to run a console window (such as cmdtool -C,
shelltool -C, xterm -C) or Chuck Musciano's "contool" program so that
system output will be directed there instead of writing over your screen.
Note that .openwin-sys is not executed unless you edit .xinitrc.
.Xdefaults
You can put X Windows resource specifications in here. In particular,
it is a good idea to include at least:
OpenWindows.FocusLenience: true
*Input: TRUE
These allow non-ICCCM-compliant programs to receive input even if they
forget to ask for it.
Props, the program that runs when you select `properties' from the default
root menu under olwm or olvwm, writes your choices into .Xdefaults.
Don't put comments in .Xdefaults, since `props' deletes them.
.startup.ps
This is the NeWS user profile file, read by OpenWindows (actually xnews)
on startup. This is documented in the NeWS programming manual, near the
back. The most useful thing to put here is PostScript code to change
the keyboard repeat rate, although you must be very careful, since a
syntax error in the PostScript means that xnews will either not start up
at all or will get broken in strange ways. The NeWS manual gives code
that is both incorrect and insufficient.
WARNING: things in this file rarely work on both OpenWindows 2 and 3.
Note that the mouse speed is best set in your .xinitrc with xset m; see
the man page for xset ("man xset", and "xset -help") for more information.
Here's what $HOME/.startup.ps should look like if you want a delay of
about a third of a second (300000 microseconds), and a repeat rate of
twenty or so keys per second (30000 microseconds between repeats) for
OpenWindows 3. You'll have to experiment a bit because the RepeatTime
is the delay between keys sent, and thus doesn't include the time to
process each key, which is probably higher on my 4/110 than on your
SuperSPARC 10/51 GTi injection :-) Again, this is for OpenWindows 3...
% don't want the demos - see p. xxxii of NeWS Toolkit Reference Manual
% /IncludeDemos? false def
UserProfile begin
/KeyRepeatThresh 0 300000 timeval storetimeval def
/KeyRepeatTime 0 30000 timeval storetimeval def
% Note: 300000 and 30000 differ greatly...
end
You must also have a .user.ps file in the same directory, like this:
/NeWS 3 0 findpackage beginpackage
/TNTCore 3 0 findpackage beginpackage
/TNT 3 0 findpackage beginpackage
ClassRepeatKeys pop % force repeat.ps to autoload
endpackage endpackage endpackage
If you change these parameters, you can test them without restarting the
OpenWindows server like this:
$ psh -i .startup.ps
Welcome to X11/NeWS Version3
$ psh -i
Welcome to X11/NeWS Version3
/classinit ClassRepeatKeys send
%%% now press control-D
You can also either of these two files (.startup.ps and .user.ps) to make
the root window be "retained", so that a PostScript drawing on the
background won't be erased when you move windows:
frambuffer /Retained true put
will do this. Note that this may increase the amount of memory used
by the NeWS server (xnews) dramatically.
See also:
Trouble Shooting: It Won't Let Me Type
Trouble Shooting: Is there an easy way to edit Xdefaults?
Environment Variables
@ How can I configure OPEN LOOK for a left-handed mouse and keyboard?
You can use xmodmap to change the mouse buttons, but be prepared for one
or two occasional surprises. See also "man 7 xview" for a list of
keybindings you can change, at least for XView programs.
With OpenWindows 2.0, you can use defaultsedit to set the mouse mappings
and then let SunView handle them. The status returned by svenv should
tell you whether your server is running under SunView or not; put this
in your .xinitrc:
if eval `svenv -env`
then
xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3"
input_from_defaults
else
xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1"
fi
@ How can I get the screen to go blank when the system is idle?
Run screenblank from /etc/rc.local if you can; it's a boring but
effective screen saver. See `man screenblank'.
Under Solaris 2 you'll need to copy screenblank from an older system, as
it's not supplied. Then add a new file in /etc/rc2.d to make the system
run screenblank automatically.
Subject: Key Bindings, Cut and Paste
@ How do I cut and paste between XTerm and OpenWindows programs?
To go from XTerm to textedit (say):
* Select the text you want to copy by dragging the SELECT mouse button
in xterm
* Press COPY in the XTerm (this key is L6, or Meta+c (the O'Reilly
XView manual gets this wrong)
* Move to the textedit window, and press PASTE (L8 or Meta+v)
If this doesn't work, see Trouble Shooting: Cut and Paste
To go the other way, from textedit to XTerm:
* Select the text in textedit. No need to use COPY
* Move to the XTerm window and press ADJUST (the middle mouse button).
* You can also use the COPY/CUT and PASTE buttons.
@ COPY/PASTE is boring. What short-cuts are available?
Quick Copy within textedit, mailtool, etc:
* Click SELECT to get a text caret where you want the copied text to go
* Press and HOLD DOWN the PASTE (or CUT) button
* Select the text you want to copy/move. You'll see that it's underlined
or crossed out, as appropriate. (In the jed demo it goes grey)
* Let go of the PASTE (or CUT) button.
* The text you underlined or crossed out appears at the insert caret.
Drag and Drop to Move a Selection
* Select the text you want to copy or move, by dragging or multiple-
clicking the SELECT or ADJUST mouse button
* Put the mouse pointer anywhere within the selection
* Press and HOLD DOWN down the SELECT mouse button, and move the mouse
pointer a little to the right; you'll see the cursor changes to be the
first 3 letters of the text (or some other icon).
* Still holding SELECT down, move the mouse over the point where you want
to drop the text
* You may see the mouse pointer change to a rifle-sight or target, to show
that it's OK to drop things here
* Let go of SELECT, and the text is moved. This works in text fields of
dialogue boxes as well as in text subwindows.
Drag and Drop to Copy a Selection
* This is the same as using Drag and Drop to Move a Selection, except that
you must hold the CONTROL key down as well as the SELECT mouse button.
@ What are the default key bindings in textedit and elsewhere?
See the man page for textedit(1) for some of them.
In general, the editing/moving commands go in the opposite direction when
shifted - e.g. Ctrl+w deletes a word, and Ctrl+W deletes the word to the
right of the insert point.
Meta-i - include file Meta-f - find selection (forward/backward)
Ctrl-a - start of line Ctrl-< - back word
Ctrl-e - end of line Ctrl-> - forward word
Ctrl-w - delete word Ctrl-u - delete to start/END of line
Ctrl-Return - move to end/START of document
See the O'Reilly XView Reference Manual for a list of some of the default
keys; see also the olwm or olvwm manual page.
@ What can I put in my .ttysrc? Where is it documented?
See the manual page for shelltool.
Subject: Applications: Finding Out...
Contact SunSoft (or Sun) and ask for the Catalyst OPEN LOOK guide,
which lists over 200 pages of applications, and also the _huge_
Catalyst listing of products for Suns, updated six-monthly.
Sun's free CDWare CD/ROMs each contain demo versions of several popular
OPEN LOOK applications. Often you can simply contact the vendor
concerned to have the license upgraded from demo, and receive the full
product documentation.
SunPICS produces a CD/ROM for NeWSPrint users, Printer's Pallate, which
contains NeWSprint drivers for a variety of printers and plotters, as
well as 600 scaleable fonts that you can license.
There is a separate FAQ posting in comp.windows.open-look that lists
a number of free and commercial aplications; mail lee@sq.com for a
copy, including OPEN LOOK UI Application List in the Subject for a
faster reply.
Subject: DeskSet, Mailtool, Calendar Manager, etc.
@ Is there a tty-based interface to cm (Calendar Manager)?
Yes, cm_delete, cm_insert and cm_lookup; these all have manual pages.
If "man cm_delete" doesn't work or gives strange messages, see under
Trouble Shooting: Strange Error Messages, below.
@ How can I arrange to have my .signature included in my outgoing mail?
The best way is:
$ cd
$ cp /usr/lib/.textswrc .
$ chmod +w .textswrc
edit .textswrc (use vi, textedit, or whatever you prefer)
add the follwing:
KEY_RIGHT(3) FILTER
cat ~/.signature
(you might need to change ~ to $HOME)
Now pressing R3 will insert your .signature file.
Subject: Fonts
@ Does OpenWindows support Type 1 PostScript fonts?
Yes, under either Solaris 2.0 or 2.1 (I'm not sure which).
Or, Not Yet, in other words.
If you have FrameMaker there is a utility to import them, I'm told.
The 57 fonts supplied with OpenWindows are fully hinted, though, and
comparing them to the Microsoft Windows and Apple TrueType fonts is
interesting... The F3 font format is described in a publication from the
Sun OpenFonts group, listed in the Bibliography below. Documentation on
the unbundled version of TypeScaler is also available from Sun OpenFonts.
You can buy F3 fonts from SunPICS, Monotype, Linotype, URW and probably
other major foundries.
SunPICS' NeWSPrint software supports Type 1 fonts.
@ Improving font rendering time
Although the Sun type renderer (TypeScaler) is pretty fast, it's not as
fast as loading a bitmap :-). You can pre-generate bitmap fonts for sizes
that you use a lot, and you can also alter and access the font cache
parameters. If you have a lot of memory you might want to increase the
font cache size.
$ psh -i
Welcome to X11/NeWS Version3 <--- psh will say this at you
currentfontmem = % type this line ...
300 % and here's whai my server was using -- 300 Kbytes
1024 setfontmem
% Just to check:
currentfontmem =
1024
See pp. 328ff of the NeWS 3.0 Programmer's Guide. You need to say psh -i
so that the PostScript packages are loaded - see the psh man page.
@ Making bitmap fonts for faster startup:
$ mkdir $HOME/myfonts
$ cd $HOME/myfonts
$ makeafb -20 -M $OPENWINHOME/lib/fonts/Bembo.f3b
Creating Bembo20.afb
$ convertfont -b Bembo20.afb
Bembo20.afb->./Bembo20.fb
Chars parameter greater than number of characters supplied.
$ ls
Bembo20.afb Bembo20.fb Synonyms.list
$ bldfamily
* Bembo ./Bembo.ff (Encoding: latin)
cat: ./Compat.list: No such file or directory
$ xset +fp `pwd`
$ xset fp rehash
If you want the server to see your new font directory every time,
add this directory to your FONTPATH environment variable in one
of your start-up files, e.g. .login or .profile.
@ Converting between font formats (convertfont, etc.)
You can also use Folio fonts with an X11 server, by converting them to a
bitmap (X11 bdf format) first. Your licence forbids you from using the
fonts on another machine, and unless you have NeWSPrint you shouldn't
use them for printing. Having said all that... you can use makeafb and
convertfont to generate bdf files that you can compile with bdftosnf or
bdftopcf.
Use mftobdf (from the SeeTeX distribution) to convert TeX pk fonts to
X11 bdf format, which you can then use with either X11 or OenWindows.
You can also use der Mouse's "getbdf" to get bdf fonts from a running
X display server -- ftp: larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu (132.206.1.1) /X/getbdf
@ Xview/OLIT fonts at 100 dpi
There aren't any. More precisely, the various text fonts, such as
Lucida Typewriter Sans, are available at 100 dpi, and in fact are
scalable under OpenWindows. The glyph fonts are bitmaps, and don't
scale very well.
Subject: Trouble Shooting: Strange Error Messages
@ No manual entry for cm_lookup
If man doesn't seem to find OpenWindows commands, even though you are
running OpenWindows, try setting the MANPATH environment variable:
MANPATH=$OPENWINHOME/share/man:/usr/man; export MANPATH
or
setenv MANPATH $OPENWINHOME/share/man:/usr/man
for csh users. $OPENWINHOME should be /usr/openwin on most systems.
@ window: Window creation failed to get new fd
@ window: Base frame not passed parent window in environment
@ Cannot create base frame. Process aborted.
These messages all come from SunView programs. SunView was an
earlier windowing system for Suns, and was not networked. Some of
the SunView programs are still around in /usr/bin, and have names
that are the same as their OpenWindows counterparts. You almost
certainly want to run the programs in $OPENWINHOME instead.
Set your path so that $OPENWINHOME/bin (and $OPENWIN/bin/xview for
OpenWindows 2) come before /bin (or /usr/bin, they're the same), or
you'll get the SunView versions of mailtool, cmdtool, shelltool, etc.
@ memory fault - core dumped
If you get this from the binder, or if binder vanishes suddenly,
get the following patches:
100493-02 Binder
100524-03 Cetables
100626-03 Tooltalk
@ Trouble compiling Xt, Xmu or OLIT programs: _get_wmShellWidgetClass
If you are using OpenWindows 3.0 (X11R4-based Xt), contact your local
Sun office and request the following patches:
100512-02 4.1.x OpenWindows 3.0 libXt Jumbo patch
100573-03 4.1.x OpenWindows 3.0 undefined symbols when using shared libXmu
If you can't install the patch, a workaround is to add
-u get_wmShellWidgetClass -u get_applicationShellWidgetClass
on the link (ld or cc ... -o ...) line. An alternative is to add
-assert nodefinitions
to CFLAGS in your Makefile, or even in Imake.tmpl.
Subject: Trouble Shooting: It Won't Let Me Type
@ When I try to type into some programs, I just get beeps or nothing happens
It is a good idea to include at least:
OpenWindows.FocusLenience: true
*Input: TRUE
in your .Xdefaults file, as these allow non-ICCCM-compliant programs to
receive input even if they forget to ask for it.
See the next item for editing .Xdefaults
Subject: Trouble Shooting: Cut and Paste not working
@ I can't paste from xterm to XView (including Sun DeskSet) programs
Under OpenWindows 2, you need to add the following either to your
$HOME/.Xdefaults file, or to $OPENWINHOME/lib/app-defaults/XTerm instead:
XTerm*VT100.Translations: #override \
<Key>L6:select-set(CLIPBOARD)\n\
<Key>L8:insert-selection(CLIPBOARD)
You must not move the mouse between ending the selection and pressing
L8 (the Paste key)!
Under OpenWindows 3, this is already in the app-defaults file, so if it
isn't working, check that XFILESEARCHPATH is set to
/usr/openwin/lib/%T/%N%S
and if it isn't, either set it or copy/merge the above lines from
$OPENWINHOME/lib/app-defaults/XTerm into /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/XTerm.
[See also: Environment Variables]
This version automatically puts each xterm selection onto the clipboard:
XTerm*VT100.translations: #override\n\
~Ctrl ~Meta<Btn2Up>: insert-selection(PRIMARY,CUT_BUFFER0)\n\
~Ctrl ~Meta<BtnUp>: select-end(PRIMARY,CUT_BUFFER0,CLIPBOARD)\n\
<KeyPress>L8: insert-selection(CLIPBOARD)
[Note: be sure that the \n\ is at the very end of the line, there must
be no following spaces, and any + or | signs showing that this FAQ file
was altered must also be removed!]
If you are using X11R5, you may find that adding the lines
<Key>L10: start-extend() select-end(PRIMARY, CLIPBOARD, CUT_BUFFER0)\n\
<KeyRelease>L10: kill-selection() \n
before the <KeyPress>L8 line will make L10 (CUT) work as a cut key!
If you alter $HOME/.Xdefaults instead, you must use what X calls a
`more specific' resource name:
xterm.vt100.translations
will do.
@ I can't paste from XView (including Sun DeskSet) programs to xterm
If you don't have the Sun L keys on the left of your keyboard, you can
use Meta-x, Meta-c and Meta-v for cut, coy and paste respectively.
You can change the keys by adding the following two lines to
your .Xdefaults file, edited as you wish (the values shown here are the
defaults):
Openwindows.KeyboardCommand.Copy: c+Meta,L6
OpenWindows.KeyboardCommand.Paste", "v+Meta,L8
Lists of resources are in the manual page for xview, and also in the
thinnish blue book `Companion to Volume 7, XView Reference Manual' from
O'Reilly, and also in the olwm and olvwm manual pages.
@ I always get the same piece of text when I press PASTE (L8, Meta+v)
Remove the file /tmp/textsw_shelf and see if that helps; see also the
next item.
@ Cut Copy and Paste don't work at all (OpenWindows only)
Oh dear. Use ps -xuaww | grep xv to check that sv_xv_sel_svc is running
and that either you or root started it, depending on whether you started
OpenWindows with "openwin" or by logging in through xdm.
If not, start it. If it dies, check that there is no /tmp/.sv_xv_sel_svc
before restarting it - you may need to be root to remove it, or you can
reboot your workstation.
Check that there is space in /tmp (use "df /tmp"), and also see if there
are a lot of files there with names like /tmp/tty.txt.a01246; if there are
several hundred of them, cut and paste may take so long that it times out.
Quit any deskset tools such as mailtool, filemgr and cm (calendar), start
a terminal emulator and remove and /tmp/tty.txt* and /tmp/Text* files
that are still there. It's simplest to quit openwin and start it again
after doing that, if cut and paste was broken, but if it starts working
again you can just carry on. Note that files in /tmp not owned by you
might be in use by another worker comrade, so don't remove those without
checking first!
Subject: Trouble Shooting: Not authorized to use display
If you get error messages that look like
Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server
Xlib: Internal error during connection authorization check
Error: Can't Open display
try, on the machine running OpenWindows or X11,
xhost +machine
where "machine" is the computer on which you ran the command that failed.
If you want to let other users run programs on the same machine as you,
using your display, you will have to type the bizarre-looking
xhost +`hostname`
(or xhost +happyboy, if happyboy is the name of your workstation).
This lets ANY user on `happyboy' access your display.
With OpenWindows 3.0 you can also use xauth, and the Programmer's Guide
describes how to do this in Chapter 8, p. 101. This is more secure.
Also check the man page for fbtab(5) to stop other users accessing the
framebuffer directly!
Also note that there is a Sun patch for OpenWindows 3.0 under SunOS 4.1.1
to fix a serious security problem. It is available through your local
Sun Answer Center as well as through anonymous ftp from ftp.uu.net
[192.48.96.2] system in /sun-dist:
Fix PatchID Filename Checksum
loadmodule 1076118 100448-01.tar.Z 04354 5
On an X Terminal, there may be a setup menu that lets you change or
disable the list of hosts that can access the display.
If you start getting this message after you've been logged in overnight,
there might be a cron job that's removing the Unix sockets in /tmp
that are used to communicate with the server when $DISPLAY doesn't have
a hostname before the :, or is empty. Have the system administrator
change the cron script to skip sockets.
Subject: Trouble Shooting: other common problems
@ I get console error messages on my screen and they don't go away (Sun 3 or 4)
If "refresh" makes the messages vanish, but new ones come along later,
you need to run "xterm -C" from your .xinitrc, or start one up in
the background and then choose Save Workspace from the
Workspace->Utilities menu. Better still, pick up "contool" and run
that. Get it from export.lcs.mit.edu in the contrib directory. It
will monitor the console and open, flash its icon or beep when a
message appears; it's very easy to configure.
If "refresh" from the Workspace->Utilities menu doesn't make the messages,
go away...
a Sun with a cg4 frame buffer has two screens - you can move the
mouse off the right-hand (by default) edge of the screen and onto
a whole new (but monochrome) display, called ":0.1". See the man.
page for openwin; I have a shell script that checks for this and,
if there's a /dev/cgfour0, does
openwin -dev /dev/cgfour0 -dev /dev/bwtwo0
If you are running X11 or OpenWindows 2, you might need to add this
to your .xinitrc or other startup file:
(
eval `svenv -display unix:0.1 -env`
olvwm -display unix:0.1
) &
Later releases of olwm and olvwm do this automatically.
You can also run switcher -e 0 to get rid of the messages. Also, see
the note about contool, above.
@ Is there an easy way of editing .Xdefaults?
Use `props', which appears in the default root menu as `properties'.
This starts `props', a property editor which will re-write your
.Xdefaults after removing comments. It then applies any changes.
Keep comments by using "comment." instead of "!", for example,
comment.*.font: Palatino-Italic-37
@ How do I get the File manager to use emacs instead of textedit?
set the default editor to
sh -c "exec emacs -font lucidasanstypewriter-18 \"$FILE\""
(you can change the font if you prefer a smaller one)
@ How do I run OpenWindows in inverse video?
This tends not to work under OpenWindows 2. With OpwnWindows 3.0,
there are various ways, including using -bg and -fg options. If you're
using OpenWindows 2 on a Sun 3 , probably the best you can do (short of
upgrading the workstation to a SPARC!) is to use xterm instead of cmdtool.
@ Why don't flat check-boxes work?
A known bug may make Guide's output dump core if you use these.
A workaround is to edit the Guide output, as it's only Guide's output
that's broken, not the actual check-box code.
This applies only to versions of DevGuide before Devguide 3.0. If you're
still using an ancient DevGuide, you should upgrade as soon as possible;
the new one is fantastic!
@ When I leave OpenWindows, my screen goes blank or my mouse cursor stays
on the screen.
Try running clear_colormap; if this helps, put it as the last line in
the shell script you use to start OpenWindows (e.g. `openwin').
@ When I use snapshot, the system crashes, or the server hangs, or something.
This was a bug related to some systems only. The only work-round was to
use some other screen dump program, such as xwd, xv 2.21 or xgrabsc.
@ Why have some of my function keys stopped working?
Keys F11 and F12 changed from SunF36 and SunF37 to SunXK_F36 and SunXK_F37
respectively in OpenWindows 3. Applications must be recompiled, or you
might be able to use xmodmap or the public domain xkeycaps program to
change your keyboard layout back again.
@ When I type shelltool or cmdtool or textedit, I get the Sunview version
See under "Trouble Shooting: Strange Error Messages" below.
(see also next item)
@ Mixing X11 and OpenWindows
(see also next item)
Note that OpenWindows 3.0 includes the X11R4 core distribution (to patch
level 18), but not the contrib directory. These notes apply to
OpenWindows 2.0, although you could also the do same sort of thing with
OpenWindows 3.0 and X11R5.
Install the X11 libraries in /usr/lib/X11. You can intermix OpenWindows
and X11R4 or X11R5, they're all compatible in this respect.
Put the X11 binaries in (for example) /usr/bin/X11.
Put /usr/bin/X11 last in your PATH, so that you get OpenWindows versions
of programs instead of X11 ones where appropriate, although this is a
matter of preference. In any event, put the OpenWindows bin directory
first -- see the preceding item for more details on that. If you have
/bin (or /usr/bin, they're the same directory on SunOS) earlier in
your PATH than $OPENWINHOME/bin/xview, you'll get SunView programs instead
of OpenWindows ones!
Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH so that /usr/openwin/lib is last, after the X11
library directory. This doesn't matter with OpenWindows 3.0, but with
older versions you'll get error messages from X11 programs if you don't
do this. The messages are generally harmless (see next item), although
xdm core dumps if this isn't right.
Set OPENWINHOME to the directory containing OpenWindows if it isn't
/usr/openwin.
See Also:
Environment Variables (especially XFILESEARCHPATH).
@ I get error messages on my screen about ld.so: libX11.so.4 not found
set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to be /usr/openwin. If you also use X11, use
/usr/lib:/usr/5lib:/usr/openwin/lib
If you put this in a shell script or your .profile, use
${OPENWINHOME-/usr/openwin}/lib instead of /usr/openwin; this is for
/bin/sh; for csh it is different.
@ I launch my filemgr and I get ld.so:map heap error (9) at /dev/zero
Your system needs to be patched. Look in $OPENWINHOME/lib/OSpatches
and install the patch.
@ Why doesn't AnswerBook run for me?
You must be running OpenWindows to use AnswerBook. It won't run under
X11 (on an X terminal or on anything else) because it uses NeWS to draw
the PostScript text and pictures.
If you are using OpenWindows 3.0, you need to use the OpenWindows 3.0
compatible navigator; it's called .navigator.ow3 on the AnswerBook CD/ROM.
If all AnswerBook users are using OpenWindows 3.0, you can replace
navigator wih .navigator.ow3 altogether (rename the old one first to
satisfy your sense of paranoia!)
The navigator.ow3 binary is also on CD/Ware Vol 2.
Note that the data files are in PostScript, so you can look at them with
a PostSript viewer (q.v.).
@ Why aren't there any fish in realxfishdb?
A fixed version of realxfishdb is available by ftp from
ftp.eng.auburn.edu [131.204.10.91] as /pub/realxfishdb.Z
@ Why is the Properties choice disabled in the Window menu?
It isn't implemented yet. Many programs do respond to the Properties
Key (L3), though, or have a pop-up menu with Properties on it.
@ File completion in the C-shell is broken in cmdtool
Sadly true, but use shelltool or xterm instead and it's fine. It also
works if you run command tool on a remote machine.
Fixed in OpenWindows 3.0.1 shipped with Solaris 2.
@ When I run OLIT programs, some of the widgets are red!
Release 3 of OLIT added mouseless operation; action widgets can be
selected via the keyboard. The currently selected item is highlighted
in red (the `Red Stain') to show that it has the input focus.
To disable it in most places, add this to your $HOME/.Xdefaults file:
*traversalOn: off
*TextEdit.traversalOn: on
*TextField.traversalOn: on
You can change the color using (for example)
*InputFocusColor: grey50
*input*FocusColor: green
*List*inputFocusColor: <your background color>
See the man page resources(3w), at the start of the OLIT 3 Widget Set
Reference Manual included in the OpenWindows 3 programmer documentation.
Meanwhile contact your distributor and ask for patch id 100451-30, the
OLIT/3.0 CTE Jumbo Patch.
@ When I run several programs, the colors on the screen all change when
I move into a different window! ("colormap flashing")
This is becasue most hardware can only display a few colors at a time.
However, you can minimise the effect with the following procedure:
* Start all the applications with colors that you wish to reserve.
* Run
cmap_compact save
to create the .owcolors file
* Put the line
cmap_compact init
near the start of your start-up file (.xinitrc)
* Exit and then restart the window system.
* cmap_compact init will push those colors .owcolors to the end of
the colormap and reserves them.
Also note that control-L2 locks the colors of the current window, and
Control-L4 unlocks them -- this is described in the olwm manual page.
@ pageiew uses the wrong colors, or makes the colormap flash (see above):
This problem was reported by people for some reason running the Motif
window manager (mwm) with OpenWindows.
Try running pageview like this:
$OPENWINHOME/bin/reservecolors -svmono
$OPENWINHOME/bin/pageview
$OPENWINHOME/bin/reservecolors -discard
@ XDM breaks things
Command tool doesn't like being run without a Unix `controlling terminal'.
Use /etc/setsid to start your command tools and all will be well.
SunView applications may need to be run with svenv, as in
svenv -exec /usr/bin/traffic
because xdm won't set the necessary environment variables.
Note that the MIT xdm starts up the X server as root, which is a security
hole for OpenWindows; use the OpenWindows 3.0 xdm or be aware that your
users can access files and start Unix processes ass root...
@ Function keys 11 and 12 stopped working
In OpenWindows 3.0, the X11 names ("keysyms") for these keys was changed
to SunXK_F36 and SunXK_F37. Code which uses them should be recompiled,
or you might be able to get away with
xmodmap -e 'keysym SunXK_F36 = SunF36'
Subject: Trouble Shooting: XView problems
This section is here only until an XView FAQ appears, which has been
promised, but hasn't reached here. Note that there is also a usenet
newsgroup, alt.toolkits.xview, although it doesn't sem to have very
wide distribution and has triffic of the order of one or two articles
per month. You should also look at the FAQ in comp.windows.x.
@ how do I set the font of individual Scrolling List items?
PANEL_LIST_FONT takes an int row_number and an Xv_opaque font_handle.
PANEL_LIST_FONTS take a NULL terminated list of Xv_opaque font_handles.
There is no easy way to make an entire list fixed width font.
You have to make sure that you always specify PANEL_LIST_FONT when you
insert a new row into that list, or write a convenience function
insert_row(list, row, string) that hides the nasty bits.
@ how do I keep an XView pop-up window displayed after a button is pressed?
In the button callback, do
xv_set(button, PANEL_NOTIFY_STATUS, XV_ERROR, NULL);
This will keep the window visible.
You might also need to investigate the MENU_NOTIFY_STATUS attribute.
@ how do I make an XView button look pressed?
call panel_begin_preview() and panel_cancel_preview(); these are
documented in -- er -- the XView 3 source...
@ OpenWindows 3 imake doesn't work properly
Here is Greg Earle's patch, to be applied in $OPENWINHOME; note that you
should edit lib/config/sun.cf afterwards to get OSName and
OSMinorVersion right (MinorVersion is 1 in SunOS 4.1.2, for example).
I have edited the patch a little, so any bugs are mine [lee@sq.com] :-)
*** bin/xmkmf.orig Wed Sep 18 07:02:02 1991
--- bin/xmkmf Tue Aug 6 00:39:20 1991
***************
*** 30,34 ****
elif [ -n "$OPENWINHOME" ]; then
! args="-DUseInstalled $OPENWINHOME/lib/config"
else
--- 30,34 ----
elif [ -n "$OPENWINHOME" ]; then
! args="-I$OPENWINHOME/lib/config -DUseInstalled -DXCOMM='/**/#'"
else
*** lib/config/site.def.orig Wed Sep 18 01:26:19 1991
--- lib/config/site.def Tue Aug 6 00:44:37 1991
***************
*** 0 ****
--- 1,7 ----
+ #define BinDir $(OPENWINHOME)/bin
+ #define LibDir $(OPENWINHOME)/lib
+ #define IncRoot $(OPENWINHOME)/share/include
+ #define InstallNonExecFile(file,dest) @@\
+ install:: file @@\
+ $(INSTALL) -c $(INSTDATFLAGS) file dest
+ #define NullParameter
[Note: the patch is new, but I have not marked each line with a "+" -- Liam]
Subject: Environment Variables
Environment variables, and plausible values to use -- this list doesn't
take into account any local changes that you might have made, of course.
This list is for OpenWindows 3.0 -- differences for OpenWindows 2.0 are
marked, and I've added some comments for users of X11R4 and X11R5, too.
DISPLAY The name of the X Windows Display to use
:0.0 (on the local machine, the one actually running X11 or xnews)
:0.1 (on some machines for a second, monochrome screen)
machine-running-unix:0.0 (on other machines)
(You may need to do "xhost +other-machine" to let programs on other
machines use your display; see also under Trouble Shooting, and see
the section on xauth in the OpenWindows Version 3 Programmer's Guide,
pp. 101ff)
See also: console messages, under Trouble Shooting
FONTPATH Where xnews searches for fonts
/usr/openwin/lib/fonts
(you can also use "xset fp+ dir" to add a directory to the font path,
but you may have to do "xset fp rehash" afterwards. This is fine
under OpenWindows, but many X11 servers have font problems)
HELPPATH Where XView looks when you press the Help key (or F1)
/usr/openwin/lib/locale:/usr/openwin/lib/help
(On SunOS 4.0.*, or with OpenWindows 2.0, omit the first entry, which
is for sites using a local other than "C" or "USA").
LD_LIBRARY_PATH Where to look to find shared C libraries
/usr/lib:/usr/5lib:/usr/openwin/lib:/usr/CC/`arch`
(the /usr/CC/`arch`/lib entry is only needed if you use C++ programs)
OPENWINHOME Where OpenWindows lives
/usr/openwin
KEYBOARD, MOUSE -- serial devices to use instead of the console
(don't set these for normal use; /dev/kbd and /dev/mouse)
PATH Where the Shell searches for programs to run
$(OPENWINHOME)/bin:$(OPENWINHOME)/bin/xview:/usr/local/bin:.\
$HOME/bin.`arch`:/usr/ucb:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/hosts:\
(you will certainly want to change this example! There is no
$(OPENWINHOME)/bin/xview in OpenWindows 3.0)
XFILESEARCHPATH Where programs look for app-defaults files
/usr/openwin/lib/%T/%N%S
(This is set automatically by "openwin" in OpenWindows 3.0)
You might want to use /usr/lib/X11/%T/%N%S, or perhaps both,
separated with a :, for example (for sh users)
XFILESEARCHPATH=$OPENWINHOME/lib/%T/%N%S:/usr/lib/X11/%T/%N%S
export XFILESEARCHPATH
If you use X11R5, you might instead want
/usr/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%C%S:
/usr/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%C%S:
/usr/lib/X11/%T/%N%C%S:
/usr/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%S:
/usr/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%S:
/usr/lib/X11/%T/%N%S:
$OPENWINHOME/lib/%T/%N%S
(put all this on one line, though, with no spaces!)
Together with the following in lib/Xinitrc
xrdb -merge <<'END_XRDB'
*customization:
END_XRDB
xrdb -merge <<'END_XRDB'
#ifdef COLOR
*customization: -color
#endif
END_XRDB
you automatically get a color oclock, editres, bitmap, xcalc, and
xlogo since they use the "*customization" resource appearing as %C in
the XFILESEARCHPATH. (see oclock (n))
according to Rainer Sinkwitz <sinkwitz@ifi.unizh.ch>.
Subject: Where Can I get It? Ftp, implementations, etc...
XView 3.0 is available by anonymous ftp from export.lcs.mit.edu and
elsewhere.
MoOLIT can be bought from AT&T in source form.
OpenWindows can be obtained from Sun, or you can get the source from
Interactive Systems Inc. It is also included in some vendors' System V
Release 4 implementations, although that's not always the latest version.
The current release of OpenWindows from Sun for supported architectures
is 3.0; for the Sun 3 series it is frozen at OpenWindows 2.0.
Note that Sun includes OpenWindows with SunOS, and it is also included as
the windowing system for Solaris.
There are said (by Sun) to be over 35 ports of OpenWindows either
available now or in progress. Unfortunately, none of them seem to
be available from anywhere. Contact anthony@ovi.com for more information.
Subject: Bibliography: books, manuals, journals, papers, beer-mats
The OPEN LOOK (tm) Graphical Interface is documented in two books:
Sun Microsystems Inc., `OPEN LOOK Graphical User Interface Application
Style Guidelines', Addison Wesley, 1989
and
Sun Microsystems Inc., `OPEN LOOK Graphical User Interface Functional
Specification', Addison Wesley
The Main documentation for the X Window system comes from
O'Reilly & Associates in about nine or ten volumes.
The most useful for OPEN LOOK users are:
Volume 1: XLib Programming Manual
Volume 2: XLib Reference Manual
Volume 3: X Window System User's Guide
(An OPEN LOOK edition of Volume 3 should appear later this year)
Volume 7: XView Programmer's Manual [Dan Heller]
[make sure you get the 3rd edition for XView 3.0]
Companion to Volume 7: XView Reference Manual [Ed. Thomas Van Raalte]
The Companion to Volume 7 is an expanded version of the Attribute
Summary from the previous edition of the XView Programming Manual,
together with other reference information, so that in practice you
have to buy both books.
O'Reilly also have a thinnish orange book on the differences between
X11R4 and RX115.
OLIT programmers will also want the Xt books - volumes 4 and 5.
There is a new big fat green Vol 5 updated for X11R5.
A journal, The X Resource, may also be of interest.
O'Reilly & Associates, 103 Morris Street, Suita A, Sebastopol, CA 95472
+1 707 829-0515, or, in the USA and Canada only, 1-800-998-9938
Fax: +1 707-829-0104.
Email nuts@ora.com or uunet!ora!nuts.
For other distributors: mail, FAX, or call +1 707-829-0515.
Some of the O'Reilly examples are available fro ftp from
export.lcs.mit.edu in the contrib/OReilly directory.
The System V Release 4 Documentation from Prentice Hall may also include
a section on OpenWindows.
David Miller describes programming with OLIT in his
`An OPEN LOOK At Unix' (M&T press).
Nabajyoti Brkakati gives an excellent introduction to X and to OLIT
programming, as well as setting up and using X and OpenWindows, in:
`Unix[R] Desktop Guide to OPEN LOOK'
SAMS, 1992 ISBN 0-672-30023-0
You can get the examples from this book as
export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/naba-olguide-examples.tar.Z
Also about using OLIT, and Xt in particular:
The X Window System: Programming and Applications with Xt,
OPEN LOOK Edition,
Doug Young and John Pew, Prentice Hall, 1992,
ISBN 0-13-982992-X
There are also HP Widgets and Motif (ugh) versions of this book.
The example source code in this book can be obtained by ftp from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file "contrib/young.pew.olit.Z".
There is an introduction to XView in
`Writing Applications For Sun Systems', Vol 1, `A Guide for
Macintosh(R) Programmers' (Sun Microsystems, pub. Addison Wesley)
To learn more about the NeWS and PostScript languages, see
The NeWS Book, Springer Verlag, 1989 (sadly, a little out of date)
PostScript Language Reference Manual, Second Edition,
Adobe Systems Inc., Addison Wesley, 1990 ["the Red Book"]
Note that OpenWindows 3 is a level 1 PostScript implementation,
with certain Level 2 features (such as Composite Fonts) to some
degree.
PostScript Language Tutorial and Cookbook,
Adobe Systems Inc., Addison Wesley, 1985 ["The blue book"]
There's at least one book on using Solaris (i.e. SunOS).
Sun also supplies a large amount of documentation with OpenWindows,
although you may have to order it separately. Here's what I have; they
are each a little over 21 cm square (wider than A4 paper), and vary from
about 1 cm to about 3cm thick. They say `User's Guide' or `Programmer's
Guide' on the front. The User manuals have a red stripe on the bottom,
and the Programmer ones have a green stripe.
800-6006-10 OpenWindows Version 3 Release Manual
800-6029-10 OpenWindows Version 3 Installation and Start-Up Guide
800-6231-10 OpenWindows Version 3 DeskSet Reference Guide
800-6618-10 OpenWindows Version 3 User's Guide
800-6323-10 Desktop Integration Guide [also available in bookstores?]
800-6027-10 Programmer's Guide
800-6005-10 OpenWindows Version 3 Reference Manual [the man pages]
800-6319-10 The NeWS Toolkit 3.0 Reference Manual
800-6736-10 NeWS 3.0 Programming Guide
800-6055-10 OLIT 3.0 Widget Set Reference Manual
800-6198-10 XView 3.0 Reference Manual: Converting SunView Applications
800-6854-10 F3 Font Format Specification [order separately]
There are also some other sets of documentation, including the TypeScaler
documentation from the OpenFonts group, for example. There doesn't seem
to be a complete list anywhere.
??????????? ToolTalk 1.0 Setup and Administration Guide (SunSoft, 1991)
800-6093-10 ToolTalk 1.0 Programmer's Guide (SunSoft, 1991)
There might be documentation about the Link Manager somewhere, too.
AT&T includes several large thorny bushes' worth of paper with OLIT.
Sun's AnswerBook CD/ROM contains a lot of the above documentation,
including some of the O'Reilly books (not the XView 3 Volume 7, though).
Volume 8 of the O'Reilly series is about X Administration, and mentions
OpenWindows, although it is primarily aimed at X11R5.
Several other books are in the works...
Subject: Getting this File, Revision History, Recent Changes
Mail lee@sq.com to ask for it. Douglas N. Arnold (dna@math.psu.edu)
keeps an up-to-date copy on ftp.math.psu.edu (currently 146.186.131.129)
in the file ~ftp/pub/FAQ/open-look.
The net.answers archives and servers may or may not know about this file,
since they've just changed hands and this file was previously in one
archive but not the other.
$Id: open-look.faq,v 1.48 93/05/09 18:03:13 lee Exp $
Acknowledgements:
Andrei Arkhipov <andr@elvis.sovusa.com> (Feb/binder patch)
Douglas N Arnold <dna@math.psu.edu> (Feb/various changes)
Ian Darwin <ian@sq.com>
Christopher Davis <ckd@eff.org>
Paul Eggert <eggert@bi.twinsun.com> (Feb/screenblank on Solaris 2.1)
R.Stewart Ellis <elliss@frith.egr.msu.edu> (Feb/-assert nodefinitions)
Jeff Fleck <jefff@meaddata.com> (Feb/the colormap stuff)
Rick Heli <Rick.Heli@Eng.Sun.CO> (Feb/including .signature)
Nicholas Hounsome <nh@cbnewsg.cb.att.com> (Feb/Xt/OLIT cc workaround)
Larry Matthias <matthias@artos.larc.nasa.gov> (Feb/NeWS colormap flashing)
John B. Melby <melby%yk.fujitsu.co.jp@fai.com> (Feb/South Paws)
Christian Sebeke <sebeke@frodo.lfi.uni-hannover.de> (Feb/Xt jumbo patch)
Kevin W. Thomas <kwthomas@nsslsun.nssl.uoknor.edu> (Mar/olvwm patches)
Larry W. Virden <lvirden@cas.org> (Mar/various comments)
And many others... You get deleted from this list after a while.
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Lisa Rowlands, on the Wed, 21 Apr 1993 10:13:31 +0000 wibbled:
: Can anyone recommend a good place for reasonably priced bike paint jobs, preferably but not essentially in the London area.
: Thanks
: Lisa Rowlands
: --
: Alex Technologies Ltd CP House
: 97-107 Uxbridge Road
: Tel: +44 (0)81 566 2307 Ealing
: Fax: +44 (0)81 566 2308 LONDON
: email: lisa@alex.com W5 5LT
Lisa,
Try Pip on 081 590 8045. She does wonderful things with paint...
I've seen her work and it's good.
Best of luck.
--
Nick (the well connected Biker) DoD 1069 Concise Oxford Boring paint job
M'Lud.
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Hi there
(I posted this to comp.windows.x.intrinsics but got no response, so I'm posting
here.)
I'm wanting to connect a digitiser made for PCs into my workstation (an HP 720).
It is my understanding the X windows can understand a variety of input devices
including digitiser tablets. However, this digitiser makes use of the serial
port, so there would seem to be a need to have a special device driver.
The HP manual pages say that the HP X server will accept X input from
devices listed in the /usr/lib/X11/X*devices file (* = display number).
I shouldn't think I would be able to simply insert /dev/rs232c as an input
device in this file and expect a digitiser to work. But maybe I'm wrong. Am I?
What I would like to know is: does anybody out there have a digitiser connected
to their workstation for use as a pointer for X (rather than just as input to a
specific X application)? If so, what were the steps required for installation?
Did you need a special device driver? Did the manufacturer supply it? Are
there generic public domain device drivers around? (I understand that
digitisers generally use only a couple of standard formats.)
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Cheers
- Vaughan
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He's mistaken. They exist, the semiconductor is silicon carbide, and they
are inefficient and expensive. The bandgap is around 2.7 ev.
The ones I have are clear plastic. Pray tell, what would make a "typical"
LED emit blue light?
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For starters, they could have gone on waiting and negotiating. The Davidians
weren't going anywhere, and their supplies had to be limited. Large, perhaps,
but limited. If they had simply fired the compound by themselves without
gov't tanks smashing down their walls, then at least the gov't would not be
guilty of having _again_ used an inappropriate level of force, and would have
been able to use the meantime to continue to pressure and negotiate. No, they
would not have looked good on the news in six months or a year. But they sure
as hell don't look very good now.
Larry Smith (smith@ctron.com) No, I don't speak for Cabletron. Need you ask?
| 13
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You're confused. You are talking about KIRILIAN photography.
Bill is talking KRILLEAN photography.
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and
Mentioning that Turkic people are wide-spread means desiring a Turkish empire?
Is that the logical thing to conclude from a statement like that?
To me it just says that Turkey may have economical benefits from that
if she can be competitive enough. No more than that. But of course
you have the freedom of extrapolating as you wish from any statement.
One question: In what context did Ozal use the words you are quoting?
Can you give the whole speech.
--
Tankut Atan
tankut@iastate.edu
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: |> : |> None of this changes the fact that MSW3.1 is objectively inferior to its
: |> : |> competition.
: |>
: |> : Do you mean that MSW3.1 is objectively inferior in _some_ respects (which
: |> : is trivially true), that it is objectively inferior in _all_ respecets
: |> : (which is trivially false) or do you mean something else? What criteria
: |> : have you chosen for your objective assesment? Are you sure that these
: |> : criteria are themselves objective?
: |>
: |> I believe that enough is inferior to make it overall as a product
: |> inferior to its competition-- Apple System 7, OS/2 2.0, NeXTStep 3.0,
: |> UNIX/Xwindows (pick your favorite flavor).
: In other words, it is your *opinion* that MSW3.1 is inferior to its
: competition. That's not the same as MSW3.1 being objectively inferior.
No. It is technically inferior to the OS/GUIs that I listed. I have already
described why. To say briefly:
System 7 --easier to learn and use. There have been independent studies to
that effect.
OS/2 --Can run MSW applications and has more stable multitasking.
NeXTSTep --easier to learn, use, and program. More stable multitasking
UNIX/X --As easy to learn and use. More stable multitasking.
With the prpoer setup, all of these will exchange data with MSW machines as
well as MSW machines will amongst themselves, so interoperability is not
an issue.
By this criterion, it is inferior. If you have another, then perhaps I am
incorrect. Do you pick up the glove?
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And done in SECRET ... :-)
Did anybody notice it is the TREASURY DEPT (The FBI and BATF, in other words)
that Clinton wants to do the investigation? In other words, investigating
themselves?
He sure didn't seem very enthusiastic about Congress doing the investigation,
I notice: "... well, they can do what they want..." (Probably insert
a pout here...)
Does anybody smell the attempt for a WHITEWASH? Betcha the Justice
Dept investigation will, AT MOST say "Possible Poor Judjement. Too bad..."
Grrr.
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I'm a hockey fan from way back, and maintain an interest as best I can
here in the hockey hinterlands (Oklahoma). I'm hoping I can get a
reading from some of you about the move of the North Stars to Dallas.
I've been under the impression that Minnesota was one of, or possibly,
THE hockey state in the U.S. So why is the team moving to a city in
Texas? Is it that the owner is a greedy, self-serving profiteer, or
were the Stars really not making a profit? Or was the city or whoever
owned the arena doing some price gouging?
As much as I'd like to see the NHL only a 3 hour drive from me, I
can't help but feel for the people in Minnesota, unless they truly
didn't support the team.
Opinions, please.
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According to an article in the LA Times, Todd Worrell will not
be ready to come off the DL list Friday. It sounds like
he has had another set back in his come back. At present,
he has stopped throwing the ball. Supposedly, he had
no velocity. It doesn't sound like there is any particular
time table at this point for when he will be back.
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My mistake.
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I have a new (opened box, tested drive) Toshiba MK438FB disk for sale.
3.5"
877 mb formatted
12 ms
SCSI-2
3 year warranty
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Not everyone should be trusted with tools. ;-)
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This is just a test to see if this works.
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Try to get axe - It's a wonderful X based editor and much simpler to use than
emacs what is a overkill. Of course, emacs is no editor but a religion.
1) Don't call going from an Amiga to a IBM 'upgrade'
2) The Amiga Workbench did the job of a Desktop manager, and there is no
really amazing good X Desktop manager in the Public Domain.
(I'm currently writing one... but it's in very early stage)
3) xdtm may be a medium good replacement.
4) X associates icons with nothing. A number of X Window Managers associate
icons with windows, in a way to ease window management.
But this has nothing to do with icons of a Desktop Manager application.
5) The tool bitmap is there for simple icon drawing.
xv -root -max -quit whatever-image-file
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Maxim makes a chip that does exactly what you want. The MAX7219 drives 8
7 segment LED displays with full decode or drives 64 discrete LED's with
a 3 wire serial interface. The chips can also be cascaded to allow very
large arrays. I am working on a sign display using this part.
I'll have to post the contact info for Maxim later, it's at home. There was
a series of articles on this chip in the last couple of Circuit Cellar Ink's.
Mike Harpe
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-=> Quoting Cire Y. Trehguad to All <=-
CYT> Hey I am in Iowa and I do not mind ESPN showing the PITT/NJD games.
CYT> At least I get to see the DEVILS...even if they are gettin there ass
CYT> kicked Perhaps they will score and even win a game or two
CYT> GO DEVILS
I am sorry to tell you this, but
I don't think the devils will win
a game against Pittsburg, the
Penguins have so many scoring threats
that you shut down one and another
will kill you
It's too bad but I must conclude that the Penguins will
win their third stanley cup in a row.
I hope someone will beat them, but I just cannot see it
happening.
S t e v e
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Is anybody using David Rapier's Hebrew Quiz software? And can tell
me how to *space* when typing in the Hebrew? (space bar doesn't work,
for me anyway...) Email please; thanks.
Ken
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Finally, someone seems to be making sense in this thread.
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Buy Adobe Streamline. Problem solved.
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Can anyone give me information or lead me to electronic information (not
books; I'm too poor...) regarding programming the standard graphics modes?
320x200x4 and 640x200x2 are easy enough, but I'm not so sure about the
rest. Something about planes or something, and writing to ports and the
like, but I don't know the numbers or anything -- for the 16 color modes, I
think. If I'm wrong, let me know. Also, 320x200x256 is just one byte/pixel;
that's easy enough, but are there any other ways to write to the screen,
perhaps bytes at a time, or something like that?
Of course, I'd appreciate any information about any mode.... which reminds
me of another question -- do the SuperVGA modes work the same, generally,
as the normal 16 and 256 color modes, or is not only the mode numbers
for various cards different, but the methods for writing to the screen
different as well?
Thanks for any help you can give me... I'm developing a screen class for
C++ and find myself searching for information. Oh, I do have Ralf Brown's
Interrupt List, which has given me tons of invaluable information already.
It just doesn't go into the screen programming details (except for the
read/write pixel BIOS calls...
Thanks again.
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The Civic does still come in a 4 door model. My wife and I looked
quite seriously at the 626, Prizm (Corolla), and Civic, as well as
some other cars. Our impressions: all three seemed well built and had
the features we wanted - these are similar to the features you want
except for cruise control, and we want a manual transmission and are
considering anti-lock brakes. I also hate automatic seatbelts and we
both think having an airbag is a plus. In general, comfort and
performance were both significant.
Some specific +'s and -'s are listed below.
Mazda 626
+ very comfortable and roomy
+ can theoretically get ABS on DX model, though in practice this is
hard to find
+ base price for base model includes numerous little things like:
tach, variable speed wipers, rear defroster, 60/40 split folding rear seat
- more expensive than many other cars listed below
Honda Civic
+ DX gets significantly better mileage than other cars listed here
+ comfortable front seat
+ adjustable seat belt mounting
- no ABS without EX model (includes $1000's of other things like a sunroof)
Geo Prizm/Toyota Corolla
- seats not very comfortable to us (your mileage may vary)
+ adjustable seat belt mounting
+ can get ABS without lots of other extras
Saturn
+ SL2 was quite comfortable, though SL1 less so
- motorized attack belts
Dodge Spirit
no real outstanding +'s, but seemed generally ok
- rear seat does not fold down
Chevy Corsica
+ comes with ABS standard
- lower "would you buy that car again" and safety ratings in
Consumer Reports (than first 3 cars above)
- suspension didn't feel as stiff as the others (this would be a +
for some)
The Honda Accord and Toyota Camry were both more expensive than the
626, and in our minds, not significantly better.
We probably gave disproportionately low consideration to the "big 3",
due (a) to my wife's family's general dislike of Chrysler products,
(b) some unimpressive GM products owned by my parents and a housemate
of mine (c) the Taurus comes with automatic transmission, I find the
seat of the Tempo very uncomfortable, and the escort has attack belts
and no air bag.
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only
appreciated.
Pierre Turgeon, formely of the Sabres and now of the Isles wears #77 (at
least he did in Buffalo ...)
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I am interested in finding a supplier for an array of leds on material which is
transparent when nothing is lit.
I'm not quite sure what LCD screens are like away from the laptop but I would
guess they are not too clear.
An ideal item would be an LED array for which each LED is about 1/2" square.
(Yes very course) This is for distance viewing, but on a window.
Any pointers of suggestions would be much appreciated.
-Mark Battisti
mbattist@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
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My ENT doctor recommended surgery to fix my sinuses. I have a very deviated
nasal septum (probably the result at least partially from several fractures).
One side has approximately 10-15% of normal flow. Of course I have known this
for years but recently discovered that I suffer from chronic sinus infection,
discovered during an MRI after a severe migraine. A CT scan subsequently
confirmed the problems in the sinuses.
He wants to do endoscopic sinus surgery on the ethmoid, maxillary, frontal,
and sphenoid, along with nasal septoplasty.
He explained the procedure, and the risks. What I would like to know is if
there is anyone out there who can tell me "I had this surgery, and it helped
me"?
(I've already heard from a couple who said they had it and it didn't
really help them).
I am a moderately severe asthmatic. ENT doc says large percentage see some
relief of their asthma after sinus surgery. Also he said it is not unheard of
that migraines go away after chronis sinusitis is relieved.
I am 42.
Any relevant information is appreciated.
Regards,
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<: ....other good stuff about the Drs idiocy
Ok, much as I hate to do it, here I am posting an EVEN BETTER "Dr. Idiot"
story.
I was in my 18th hour of labor, had been pushing for 4.5 hours and was
exhausted. My OB and I decided to go for a csec. The OB called in
the anesthisiologist (sp?) and asked him to help prep me for surgery.
AFTER, watching me go through a couple contractions, the anes (or anus as
I like to refer to him) said, "Well, I am off duty now." (still staring
between my legs at that). The OB asked to go call whomever it was who
was on duty and ask him/her how long it would take...and if it was going
to take more than a few minutes, to please stay even though he was off duty.
The anes. went out, supposedly to call the on-call anes. In a couple of
minutes the nurse came running in to tell the OB that the anes. had left
without even trying to get ahold of the on-call. It was the only time
during my labor that I swore. The on-call anes. took 20 minutes to get
there.
Come to find out, the anes. had only just gone off duty (about 2 minutes
before) and technically was supposed to stay in the hospital until the
next on-call got there. Good thing for all of us (especially him) that
it was not a critical emergency. But boy would I love to knock that
fellow's ouchie places ...just to let him be in pain a
few little minutes.
I have run into "Dr. Idiots", "Mechanic Idiots", "Clerk Idiots" and "Etc.
Idiots" in my time, but this fellow I would like to have words with.
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: Does anyone know about these studies? Or have experience with feverfew?
I keep an accurate log of my migraine attack frequency; feverfew didn't
seem to do anything for me. However, eliminating caffeine seems to pre-
vent the onset of migraine in my case. In other words, no caffeine, no
migraines.
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Cool!
I think you mean Moon.
(Sorry, I had to.) ; )
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I also experience this kinda problem in my 89 BMW 318. During cold
start ups, the clutch seems to be sticky and everytime i drive out, for
about 5km, the clutch seems to stick onto somewhere that if i depress
the clutch, the whole chassis moves along. But after preheating, it
becomes smooth again. I think that your suggestion of being some
humudity is right but there should be some remedy. I also found out that
my clutch is already thin but still alright for a couple grand more!
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Um. Would you mind telling us what state/municipality you live in? There
are different laws in different places, you know.
tom coradeschi <+> tcora@pica.army.mil
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Oh, do please try not to be ludicrous. SO=Significant Other, a term I employed to avoid the awkward construction "girlfriend or wife".
A "deviant" is someone who does not fit an "accepted norm." By that definition, I would certainly be a deviant, as bisexuality is not an accepted norm in American society so far. This term, of course, really has no negative aspects inherent in its denotation. I presume you intended it as a term of abuse. It's a great pity you feel such tactics to be necessary, but hardly surprising since you have no factual basis for your absurd beliefs.
May I attempt to emulate your style of discourse with a term of abuse? Ahem...You addle-pated jellyfish! The post to which I responded was a highly amusing one in which you belittled homosexuals for having no political clout. I would be further amused if you would explain to me why having no political clout and constituting a political minority are different.
And yet you call them "girls!" The feminists would be up in arms.
Cough, cough. Well, well, you certainly are a fine, upstanding fellow, you are, sir. And like many "fine, upstanding fellows," you have the reading comprehension of a dyslexic anteater. Perhaps I should have been more explicit in pointing out that females constitute a political minority in this country when last I checked, and that your obvious lack of respect for these minorities equates to a lack of respect for women. That is, of course, a conceptual stretch of logic, but given your slow uptake as de
monstrated so far, I figure we should start simple and work up. Don't worry, you'll get it
!
This is very true, this bit about nature asserting itself. Homosexuality has always been a part of human society, and always will be, for that is the natural order. If you're naive enough to believe otherwise, go right ahead; we'll try not to snicker too loudly behind your back.
"Inevitable." Chortle. Anyone would think you had some idea what you were talking about. I haven't seen fact one from you, and until I do you can just dispense with the bullshit, and tell us what we already know, that you're a clueless little slime mold with no concept of reality beyond The Donna Reed Show. Live a little, and then come back and tell us all about the "natural order of things." You're in a bubble, and it's really going to rock your world when you come out.
"Foolish and misguided." Oh, this is too much. So which religious figure do YOU believe you are? And how do you know so much about the nature of man? You're almost too amusing to be worth the effort of crushing your pealike brain.
Gee, you sound awfully sure of yourself. "Methinks the bigot doth protest too much." Admit it: you're scared shitless that what you've been spoonfed all your sorry little life was wrong, and you're trying to escape that fear by a blind faith that you know, deep down, is based in nothing, nothing at all. Go ahead, clutch your unfounded declaratives to your empty breast; ignore the myriad of societies that have accepted homosexuality as equally valid or even mystical. Ignore the solid, inescapable fact t
hat we've existed as long as humans have. Fear us. Go ahead. Laugh at us if it makes you feel better. We both know you're just whistling in the dark. There's one group that's stamped out whenever it appears, in any form, and that's the group of boneheads who fancy themselves morally superior. You're in that group, and you're slowly and steadily being stamped out. Preach while you can, little man...it won't be long.
That's the first truth you've told so far. I don't hate hets, sir. I'm bisexual, and I embrace man- and womankind alike. I have nothing against those who don't understand my love. But you deny its potency and validity. You would crush us all, human beings to a one, in your imagined divinity. It's fools like you that stir my ire...idiots with the small minds, who can't think for themselves, who know nothing about how the real world operates, and who hate because they are told what to do and do it like
sheep, who hate everyone who refuses to be a sheep. You're not part of the norm. You're part of a minority--YES, a minority!--with supreme, o'erweening arrogance. Your hubris will topple, because it always has, because those with intelligence know it to be a clown's costume.
Wow, that was pretentious! I sometimes wonder why I waste my talents on zeroes like you. I really have no interest in continuing this effortless discussion; after all, this is for me the proverbial battle of wits with an unarmed opponent. Come back with some swords--i.e. facts--and we shall do battle. Till then, begone from my sight.
Drewcifer
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I've been in two _major_ auto accidents, both were multiple car. The worst
was a head-on three car collision (T intersection and one person ran a stop
sign). In both cases I was stopped and had no place to go (and I saw it
coming both times).
If you _really_ want to add safety to _any_ car, simply add a cage to the
car. They are available and cheap (about $500 in the USA). Add to that
four or five or six point belts and you will walk away from collisions that
were otherwise not survivable. but instead of people spending a little
extra money, we get legislation that says the gov't must mandate a minimal
level of protection for everyone.
One other significant factor in improving one's own safety is to get some
training. This will improve your safety more than any other single
investment will. Drive/ride defensively (and that does not mean you have
to be a doddering old stick in the mud). People here tend to enthuse about
autos more than the average (probably in the top 15th percentile in driving
ability), but still we sometimes overlook the obvious. I've been to two
driving schools, and three riding schools for my motorcycle. A very
worthwhile investment (and besides, it was a lot of fun too ;-).
Safety is what you make of it, just because a carmaker doesn't provide you
with an adequate level of protection doesn't mean you have to leave it go at
that.
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Agree 100%, personally I cannot flip from page to page on a screen and
retain information as easily as in the written page.
Ditto's ... in fact .. at work, where things are dead if the backup
is no good, I insist on having at least a 2 level backup system.
It seems that whenever you have 2 good backups, you never need them,
but if you don't have them, Murphy guarantees that you'll suffer for it.
and mine of course.
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I *cannot* *believe* I am posting in this thread, but what
the hell, he asked for it.
I had sort of the same reaction myself when I was first realizing
I was bi. "So what, >90% of everyone else is straight, I'd never
end up with a guy anyway." As several people on soc.bi pointed
out to me, this is true only if you find partners (for relationships
or just for sex) in primarily straight circles. Nowadays with gay
culture quite visible in major cities and such, you can easily
find yourself in an overwhelmingly queer social circle if you so
choose. (About half my friends are bi, and that's just from
hanging out in the science fiction club and going to UCBU once a
week, it's not as if I have to go out of my way and hang out in
bars or something.)
So the available pool for dates can be the same size. Unless of
course you're trying to date a random sample of the US population.
As for promiscuity, I've traded email with Clayton on the topic,
and he still doesn't seem to want to admit that yes, gay males
are sometimes forced to resort to anonymous sex because they're
closeted and can't afford to be seen in a permanent relationship.
Or that part of the promiscuity is because of the messed-up gender
roles in our society, and when males are dating males and they've
*all* been trained to be the aggressor in sex, there's going to
be more sex. Or that what's "dysfunctional", what's "screwed up"
is societal attitudes, not gay sexuality, and that's what
encourages deviant behavior in gay males.
(also note that just because someone's had 200 sex partners
doesn't mean they're promiscuous. yes, it sounds ridiculous,
but it's quite possible for someone to go through a heavily
closeted phase in which they have lots of anonymous sex with
strangers, and then come out, start forming real relationships,
and be monogamous or nearly so...)
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What worked for me on my RD350 was to lean towards the dog as I modulated
throttle to keep my ankle just ahead of his teeth. After a few seconds of
warm pipe firmly wedged on his shoulder he turned his face sideways to see
what was so warm and got his mouth/nose/muzzle burned on the pipes. One
yip and he veered away, never to chase me again.
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V4s? I don't know of any. I4s and flat4s are abundant.
A whole $h!tload. Minivans, pickups, just about any car above the
subcompact/compact range and below the full-size range (with a few
exceptions).
I6s are much more rare now; the only one I personally know of that's
still in production is the venerable Ford 300CID in the F-series pickups.
I think that Jeep's big 6's are also straight sixes, but I'm not a
big Jeep person.
Where are you to not know of V8s? There are Mustangs, Cadillacs,
Lincolns, Camaros, Corvettes, Thunderbirds, all real full-size
pickups, Crown Vics, Chevy Moby^H^H^H^HCaprice ;-), and even a few
Japanese and European vee-hickles with V8s.
V10 - Dodge Viper; Dodge promises a truck with a V10.
Don't Ferarri and Lamborghini both use V-12s extensively?
James
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Archive-name: x-faq/speedups
Last-modified: 1993/4/20
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
HOW TO MAXIMIZE THE PERFORMANCE OF X -- monthly posting
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Compiled by Art Mulder (art@cs.ualberta.ca)
More RAM, Faster CPU's, More disk space, Faster Ethernet... These
are the standard responses you hear when you ask how to improve the
performance of your workstation.
Well, more hardware isn't always an option, and I wonder if more
hardware is always even a necessity.
This "FAQ" list is a collection of suggestions and ideas from different
people on the net on how you can the best possible performance from X
Windows on your workstation, WITHOUT PURCHASING MORE HARDWARE.
Performance is a highly subjective issue. The individual user must
balance `speed' versus `features' in order to come to a personal
decision. Therefore this document can be be expected to contain many
subjective opinions in and amongst the objective facts.
This document is specifically concerned with X. There are of course
many other factors that can affect the performance of a workstation.
However, they are outside the scope of this document.
[ People seriously interested in the whole area of system
performance, might want to look at the O'Reilly Nutshell Handbook
"System Performance Tuning" by Mike Loukides. IMHO, it contains a
well-written, comprehensive treatment of system performance. I'm
unaware of any other similar books. --ed.]
-----------------
Table of Contents
-----------------
0. Introduction & Administrivia
1. What about the "Other X FAQ"?
2. Window Managers
3. The X Server
Which Server?
Locking the Server into RAM?
Starting your Server
Fonts
About the Resources File
Define Your Display Properly
4. Clients
A Better Clock for X
A Better Terminal Emulator for X
Tuning your client
5. Miscellaneous Suggestions
Pretty Pictures
A Quicker Mouse
Programming Thoughts
Say What!?
6. Other Sources of Information
7. Author & Notes
! = changed since last issue.
* = new since last issue.
-----------------------------
Introduction & Administrivia
-----------------------------
This document is posted each month, on or around the 15th, to the
Usenet news groups comp.windows.x, news.answers, and comp.answers.
If you are reading a copy of this FAQ which is more than a few
months old (see the "Last-modified" date above) you should probably
locate the latest edition, since the information may be outdated.
If you do not know how to get those newsgroups and/or your site does
not receive them and/or this article has already expired, you can
retrieve this FAQ from an archive site.
There exist several usenet FAQ archive sites. To find out more about
them and how to access them, please see the "Introduction to the
news.answers newsgroup" posting in news.answers.
The main FAQ archive is at rtfm.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]. This document
can be found there in /pub/usenet/news.answers/x-faq/speedups. If
you do not have access to anonymous ftp, you can retrieve it by
sending a mail message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with the
command "send usenet/news.answers/x-faq/speedups" in the message body.
-----------------------------
What about the "Other X FAQ"?
-----------------------------
David B. Lewis (faq%craft@uunet.uu.net) maintains the informative and
well written "comp.windows.x Frequently Asked Questions" document.
Its focus is on general X information, while this FAQ concentrates
on performance.
The comp.windows.x FAQ does address the issue of speed, but only with
regards to the X server. The gist of that topic seems to be:
"Use X11R5, it is faster than R4".
(Please see the X FAQ for complete details).
---------------
Window Managers
---------------
There are a lot of window managers out there, with lots of different
features and abilities. The choice of which to use is by necessity a
balancing act between performance and useful features. At this
point, most respondents have agreed upon "twm" as the best candidate
for a speedy window manager.
A couple of generic tricks you can try to soup up your window manger,
is turning off unnecessary things like "zooming" and "opaque move".
Also, if you lay out your windows in a tiled manner, you reduce the
amount of cpu power spent in raising and lowering overlapping
windows. Joe English (joe@trystero.art.com)
I've found that a good font for tiling is 7x13 (aka:
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-100-100-100-c-70-iso8859-1 ). It is
the biggest font I know of that I can use on my Sun (1152x900 screen)
and still get two 80 column terminal windows side-by-side on the
display with no overlap. Other font suggestions will be accepted.
------------
The X Server
------------
Which Server?
- - - - - - -
Make sure that your server is a proper match for your hardware.
If you have a monochrome monitor, use a monochrome X11 server.
On my Monochrome Sun, I haven't noticed much difference between
the Xsun (colour) server and XsunMono, however it was pointed out to
me that XsunMono is about 800k smaller and therefore should contribute
to less paging.
[ thanks to: Jonny Farringdon (j.farringdon@psychol.ucl.ac.uk),
Michael Salmon (Michael.Salmon@eos.ericsson.se) ]
How your server was compiled can also make a difference. Jeff Law
(law@schirf.cs.utah.edu) advises us that on a Sun system, X should be
compiled with gcc (version 2.*) or with the unbundled Sun compiler.
You can expect to get "*very* large speedups in the server" by not
using the bundled SunOS compiler. I assume that similar results
would occur if you used one of the other high-quality commercial
compilers on the market.
Locking the Server into RAM?
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Has anyone tried hacking the X server so that it is locked into RAM and
does not get paged? eg: via a call to plock(). Does this help
performance at all? I've had one inquiry on this topic, and a few
pointers to the plock() function call, but no hard evidence from someone
who's tried it. I am not in a position to give it a try.
[thanks to: Eric C Claeys (ecc@eperm.att.com),
Danny Backx (db@sunbim.be),
Juan D. Martin (juando@cnm.us.es) ]
Starting your Server
- - - - - - - - - - -
Joe English (joe@trystero.art.com) :
If you start up a lot of clients in your .xsession or whatever, sleep
for a second or two after launching each one. After I changed my
.xclients script to do this, logging in actually took *less* time...
we have a heavily loaded system without much core, though.
This sounds crazy, but I have confirmed that it works!
Warner Losh (imp@Solbourne.COM) provided me with a good explanation of
why this works, which I have summarized here:
When you start up an X server it takes a huge amount of time to
start accepting connections. A lot of initialization is done by
the server when it starts. This process touches a large number of
pages. Any other process running at the same time would fight the
server for use of the CPU, and more importantly, memory. If you
put a sleep in there, you give the Server a chance to get itself
sorted out before the clients start up.
Similarly, there is also a lot of initialization whenever an X
client program starts: toolkits registering widgets, resources
being fetched, programs initializing state and "databases" and so
forth. All this activity is typically memory intensive. Once this
initialization is done ("The process has reached a steady state"),
the memory usage typically settles down to using only a few pages.
By using sleeps to stagger the launching of your clients in your
.Xinitrc , you avoid them fighting each other for your
workstation's limited resources
This is most definitely a "Your Mileage May Vary" situation, as there
are so many variables to be considered: available RAM, local swap
space, load average, number of users on your system, which clients
you are starting, etc.
Currently in my .xinitrc I have a situation like:
(sleep 1; exec xclock ) &
(sleep 1; exec xbiff ) &
(sleep 1; exec xterm ) &
(sleep 1; exec xterm ) &
I've experimented with:
(sleep 1; exec xclock ) &
(sleep 2; exec xbiff ) &
(sleep 3; exec xterm ) &
(sleep 4; exec xterm ) &
I've even tried:
(sleep 2; exec start_X_clients_script ) &
and then in start_X_clients_script I had:
(sleep 1; exec xclock ) &
(sleep 1; exec xbiff ) &
(sleep 1; exec xterm ) &
(sleep 1; exec xterm ) &
[ The idea with this last one was to make sure that xinit had
completely finished processing my .xinitrc, and had settled down
into a "steady state" before the sleep expired and all my clients
were launched. ]
All of these yielded fairly comparable results, and so I just stuck with
my current setup, for its simplicity. You will probably have to
experiment a bit to find a setup which suits you.
Fonts
- - -
Loading fonts takes time and RAM. If you minimize the number of fonts
your applications use, you'll get speed increases in load-up time.
One simple strategy is to choose a small number of fonts (one small, one
large, one roman, whatever suits you) and configure all your clients -- or
at least all your heavily used clients -- to use only those few fonts.
Client programs should start up quicker if their font is already loaded
into the server. This will also conserve server resources, since fewer
fonts will be loaded by the server.
[ Farrell McKay (fbm@ptcburp.ptcbu.oz.au),
Joe English (joe@trystero.art.com) ]
eg: My main xterm font is 7x13, so I also have twm set up to use 7x13
in all it's menus and icons etc. Twm's default font is 8x13. Since
I don't normally use 8x13, I've eliminated one font from my server.
Oliver Jones (oj@roadrunner.pictel.com):
Keep fonts local to the workstation, rather than loading them over nfs.
If you will make extensive use of R5 scalable fonts, use a font server.
About the Resources File
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
Keep your .Xresources / .Xdefaults file small. Saves RAM and saves
on server startup time. Joe English (joe@trystero.art.com)
One suggestion:
In your .Xdefaults (.Xresources) file, try putting only the minimum
number of resources that you want to have available to all of your
applications. For example: *reverseVideo: true
Then, separate your resources into individual client-specific
resource files. For example: $HOME/lib/app-defaults. In your
.login file set the environment variable XUSERFILESEARCHPATH:
setenv XUSERFILESEARCHPATH $HOME/lib/app-defaults/%N
[ The "comp.windows.x Frequently Asked Questions" FAQ contains
an excellent explanation of how these environment variables work.
--ed.]
So, when xterm launches, it loads its resources from
.../app-defaults/XTerm. Xdvi finds them in .../app-defaults/XDvi,
and so on and so forth. Note that not all clients follow the same
XXxxx resource-file naming pattern. You can check in your system
app-defaults directory (often: /usr/X11R5/lib/X11/app-defaults/) to
find the proper name, and then name your personal resource files
with the same name.
This is all documented in the Xt Specification (pg 125 & 666).
[Thanks to: Kevin Samborn (samborn@mtkgc.com),
Michael Urban (urban@cobra.jpl.nasa.gov),
and Mike Long (mikel@ee.cornell.edu).
Kevin is willing mail his setup files to inquirers.]
This method of organizing your personal resources has the following
benefits:
- Easier to maintain / more usable.
- Fewer resources are stored in the X server in the RESOURCE_MANAGER
property. As a side benefit your server may start fractionally
quicker, since it doesn`t have to load all your resources.
- Applications only process their own resources, never have to sort
through all of your resources to find the ones that affect them.
It also has drawbacks:
- the application that you are interested in has to load an
additional file every time it starts up. This doesn't seem to
make that much of a performance difference, and you might
consider this a huge boon to usability. If you are modifying an
application's resource database, you just need to re-run the
application without having to "xrdb" again.
- xrdb will by default run your .Xdefaults file through cpp. When
your resources are split out into multiple resource files and
then loaded by the individual client programs, they will not.
WATCH OUT FOR THIS!!
I had C style comments in my .Xdefaults file, which cpp stripped
out. When I switched to this method of distributed resource
files I spent several frustrating days trying to figure out why
my clients were not finding their resources. Xt did *NOT*
provide any error message when it encountered the C style
comments in the resource files, it simply, silently, aborted
processing the resource file.
The loss of preprocessing (which can be very handy, e.g. ``#ifdef
COLOR'' ...) is enough to cause some people to dismiss this
method of resource management.
- You may also run into some clients which break the rules. For
example, neither Emacs (18.58.3) nor Xvt (1.0) will find their
resources if they are anywhere other than in .Xdefaults.
- when starting up a client on a machine that does not share files
with the machine where your resources are stored, your client
will not find its resources. Loading all your resources into the
server will guarantee that all of your clients will always find
their resources. Casey Leedom (casey@gauss.llnl.gov)
A possible compromise suggestion that I have (and am planning on trying)
is to put resources for all my heavily used clients (eg: xterm) into my
.Xdefaults file, and to use the "separate resources files" method for
clients that I seldom use.
Define Your Display Properly
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Client programs are often executed on the same machine as the server. In
that situation, rather than setting your DISPLAY environment variable to
"<hostname>:0.0", where <hostname> is the name of your workstation, you
should set your DISPLAY variable to "unix:0.0" or ":0.0". By doing this
you access optimized routines that know that the server is on the same
machine and use a shared memory method of transferring requests.
[thanks to Patrick J Horgan (pjh70@ras.amdahl.com)]
See the _DISPLAY NAMES_ section of the X(1) man page for further
explanation of how to properly set your display name.
"I don't think it's stock MIT, but (at least) Data General and HP have
libraries that are smart enough to use local communication even when
the DISPLAY isn't set specially."
Rob Sartin (88opensi!sartin@uunet.UU.NET)
[Jody Goldberg (jody@algorithmics.com) sent me an Xlib patch to change
stock R5 to use local communication even if DISPLAY is not properly set.
I don't want to get in the business of distributing or trying to juggle
non-MIT patches and so have elected not to include it here. Hopefully MIT
will apply this minor (~8 lines) patch themselves. In the meantime, if
you want to try it yourself, email Jody. --ed.]
-------
Clients
-------
If you only have a few megabytes of Ram then you should think
carefully about the number of programs you are running. Think also
about the _kind_ of programs you are running. For example: Is there
a smaller clock program than xclock?
Unfortunately, I haven't really noticed that programs advertise how large
they are, so the onus is on us to do the research and spread the word.
[ Suggestions on better alternatives to the some of the standard clients
(eg: Xclock, Xterm, Xbiff) are welcome. --ed.]
I've received some contradictory advice from people, on the subject
of X client programs. Some advocate the use of programs that are
strictly Xlib based, since Xt, Xaw and other toolkits are rather
large. Others warn us that other applications which you are using
may have already loaded up one or more of these shared libraries. In
this case, using a non-Xt (for example) client program may actually
_increase_ the amount of RAM consumed.
The upshot of all this seems to be: Don't mix toolkits. That is, try
and use just Athena clients, or just Xview clients (or just Motif
clients, etc). If you use more than one, then you're dragging in
more than one toolkit library.
Know your environment, and think carefully about which client
programs would work best together in that environment.
[Thanks to: Rob Sartin (88opensi!sartin@uunet.UU.NET),
Duncan Sinclair (sinclair@dcs.gla.ac.uk | sinclair@uk.ac.gla.dcs) ]
A Better Clock for X
- - - - - - - - - - -
1) xcuckoo
suggested by: Duncan Sinclair (sinclair@dcs.gla.ac.uk)
available: on export.lcs.mit.edu
Xcuckoo displays a clock in the title bar of *another* program.
Saves screen real estate.
2) mclock
suggested by: der Mouse (mouse@Lightning.McRCIM.McGill.EDU)
available: larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu (132.206.1.1) in /X/mclock.shar
Non Xt-based. Extensively configurable. it can be made to look
very much like MIT oclock, or mostly like xclock purely by changing
resources.
Of course, the ultimate clock --- one that consumes no resources, and
takes up no screen real estate --- is the one that hangs on your wall.
:-)
A Better Terminal Emulator for X
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
From the README file distributed with xterm:
+-----
| Abandon All Hope, Ye Who Enter Here
|
| This is undoubtedly the most ugly program in the distribution.
| ...
+-----
Ugly maybe, but at my site it's still the most used. I suspect that
xterm is one of the most used clients at many, if not most sites.
Laziness? Isn't there a better terminal emulator available? See below.
If you must use xterm, you can try reducing the number of saveLines
to reduce memory usage. [ Oliver Jones (oj@roadrunner.pictel.com),
Jonny Farringdon (j.farringdon@psychol.ucl.ac.uk) ]
1) Xvt
suggested by: Richard Hesketh (rlh2@ukc.ac.uk) :
available: export.lcs.mit.edu in /contrib/xvt-1.0.tar.Z
"...if you don't need all the esoteric features of xterm, then get
hold of xvt ... it was written here just to save swap space as
xterm is rather a hog! "
This was written as a partial 'clone' of xterm. You don't have to
rename your resources, as xvt pretends to be XTerm. In it's current
version, you cannot bind keys as you can in xterm. I've heard that
there are versions of xvt with this feature, but I've not found any
yet.
UPDATE (March 1993): I recently had a few email conversations with
Brian Warkentin (brian.warkentine@eng.sun.com) regarding xvt. He
questions whether xvt really is at all faster than xterm. For
instance, xvt may initialize slightly faster, but compare scrolling
speed (try this quickie benchmark: /bin/time dd if=/etc/termcap
bs=40) and see which program can scroll faster. Also, while xterm
may be slightly larger in RAM requirements (We don't have any hard
numbers here, does anyone else?) shared libraries and shared text
segments mean that xterm's paging requirements are not that major.
As an experiment, he ripped out all the tek stuff from xterm, but it
made little difference, since if you never use it, it never gets
brought into memory.
So here we stand with some conflicting reports on the validity of
xvt over xterm. In summary? Caveat Emptor, your mileage may vary.
If you can provide some hard data, I'd like to see it.
Specifically: How much RAM each occupies, how much swap each needs,
relative speed of each
2) mterm
suggested by: der Mouse (mouse@Lightning.McRCIM.McGill.EDU)
available: larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu (132.206.1.1) in
/X/mterm.src/mterm.ball-o-wax.
"I also have my own terminal emulator. Its major lack is
scrollback, but some people like it anyway."
Tuning your client
- - - - - - - - - -
Suggestions on how you can tune your client programs to work faster.
From Scott Barman (scott@asd.com) comes a suggestion regarding Motif
Text Field Widgets:
I noticed that during data entry into Motif text field widgets, I
was getting a slight lag in response to some keystrokes,
particularly the initial one in the field. Examining the what was
going on with xscope I found it. It seems that when the resource
XmNblinkRate is non-zero and the focus is on a text field widget
(or even just a text widget) the I-beam cursor will blink.
Every time the cursor appears or disappears in those widgets, the
widget code is making a request to the server (CopyArea). The user
can stop this by setting the resource XmNblinkRate to 0. It is not
noticeable on a 40MHz SPARC, but it does make a little difference
on a [slower system].
This specific suggestion can probably be applied in general to lots
of areas. Consider your heavily used clients, are there any minor
embellishments that can be turned off and thereby save on Server
requests?
-------------------------
Miscellaneous Suggestions
-------------------------
Pretty Pictures
- - - - - - - -
Don't use large bitmaps (GIF's, etc) as root window backgrounds.
- The more complicated your root window bitmap, the slower the server
is at redrawing your screen when you reposition windows (or redraw, etc)
- These take up RAM, and CPU power. I work on a Sun SPARC and I'm
conscious of performance issues, I can't comprehend it when I see
people with a 4mb Sun 3/60 running xphoon as their root window.
I'll let someone else figure out how much RAM would be occupied by
having a full screen root image on a colour workstation.
- If you're anything like me, you need all the screen real estate
that you can get for clients, and so rarely see the root window anyway.
[ Thanks to Qiang Alex Zhao (azhao@cs.arizona.edu)
for reminding me of this one. --ed.]
A Quicker Mouse
- - - - - - - -
Using xset, you can adjust how fast your pointer moves on the screen
when you move your mouse. I use "xset m 3 10" in my .xinitrc file,
which lets me send my pointer across the screen with just a flick of
the wrist. See the xset man page for further ideas and information.
Hint: sometimes you may want to *slow down* your mouse tracking for
fine work. To cover my options, I have placed a number of different
mouse setting commands into a menu in my window manager.
e.g. (for twm) :
menu "mouse settings" {
"Mouse Settings:" f.title
" Very Fast" ! "xset m 7 10 &"
" Normal (Fast)" ! "xset m 3 10 &"
" System Default (Un-Accelerated)" ! "xset m default &"
" Glacial" ! "xset m 0 10 &"
}
Programming Thoughts
- - - - - - - - - - -
Joe English (joe@trystero.art.com) :
To speed up applications that you're developing, there are tons of
things you can do. Some that stick out:
- For Motif programs, don't set XmFontList resources for individual
buttons, labels, lists, et. al.; use the defaultFontList or
labelFontList or whatever resource of the highest-level manager
widget. Again, stick to as few fonts as possible.
- Better yet, don't use Motif at all. It's an absolute pig.
- Don't create and destroy widgets on the fly. Try to reuse them.
(This will avoid many problems with buggy toolkits, too.)
- Use a line width of 0 in GCs. On some servers this makes a HUGE
difference.
- Compress and collapse multiple Expose events. This can make the
difference between a fast application and a completely unusable
one.
Francois Staes (frans@kiwi.uia.ac.be) :
Just a small remark: I once heard that using a better malloc
function would greatly increase performance of Xt based
applications since they use malloc heavily. They suggested trying
out the GNUY malloc, but I didn't find the time yet. I did some
tests on small programs just doing malloc and free, and the
differences were indeed very noticeable ( somewhat 5 times faster)
[ Any confirmation on this from anyone? --ed.]
Andre' Beck (Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de) :
- Unnecessary NoExpose Events.
Most people use XCopyArea/XCopyPlane as fastest blit routines, but
they forget to reset graphics_exposures in the GC used for the
blits. This will cause a NoExpose Event every blit, that, in most
cases, only puts load onto the connection and forces the client to
run through it's event-loop again and again.
- Thousands of XChangeGC requests.
This "Gfx Context Switching" is also seen in most handcoded X-Apps,
where only one or few GCs are created and then heavily changed
again and again. Xt uses a definitely better mechanism, by caching
and sharing a lot of GCs with all needed parameters. This will
remove the load of subsequent XChangeGC requests from the
connection (by moving it toward the client startup phase).
Say What!?
- - - - - -
Some contributors proposed ideas that seem right off the wall at first:
David B. Lewis (by day: dbl@osf.org, by night: david%craft@uunet.uu.net) :
How about this: swap displays with someone else. Run all your programs
on the other machine and display locally; the other user runs off your
machine onto the other display. Goal: reduce context switches in the
same operation between client and server.
I'm not in a situation where I can easily try this, but I have received
the following confirmation...
Michael Salmon (Michael.Salmon@eos.ericsson.se):
I regularly run programs on other machines and I notice a big
difference. I try to run on a machine where I will reduce net usage
and usually with nice to reduce the impact of my intrusion. This
helps a lot on my poor little SS1+ with only 16 MB, it was
essential when I only had 8 MB.
Casey Leedom (casey@gauss.llnl.gov) :
[The X11 Server and the client are] competing for the same CPU as
your server when you run it on the same machine. Not really a
major problem, except that the X11 client and the server are in
absolute synchronicity and are context thrashing.
Timothy H Panton (thp@westhawk.uucp) :
Firstly it relies on the fact that most CPU's are mostly idle, X's
cpu usage is bursty. so the chances of you and your teammate
doing something cpu-intensive at the same time is small. If they
are not then you get twice the cpu+memory available for your
action.
The second factor is that context switches are expensive, using 2
cpu's halves them, you pay a price due to the overhead of going
over the network, but this is offset in most cases by the improved
buffering of a network (typically 20k vs 4k for a pipe), allowing
even fewer context switches.
----------------------------
Other Sources of Information
----------------------------
Volume 8 in O'Reilly's X Window System Series, ``X Window System
Administrator's Guide'' is a book all X administrator's should read.
Adrian Nye (adrian@ora.com):
A lot more tips on performance are in the paper "Improving X
Application Performance" by Chris D. Peterson and Sharon Chang, in
Issue 3 of The X Resource.
An earlier version of this paper appeared in the Xhibition 1992
conference proceedings.
This paper is absolutely essential reading for X programmers.
--------------
Author & Notes
--------------
This list is currently maintained by Art Mulder (art@cs.ualberta.ca)
Suggestions, corrections, or submission for inclusion in this list
are gladly accepted. Layout suggestions and comments (spelling
mistak's too! :-) are also welcome.
Currently I have listed all contributors of the various comments and
suggestions. If you do not want to be credited, please tell me.
speedup-x-faq is copyright (c) 1993 by Arthur E. Mulder
You may copy this document in whole or in part as long as you don't
try to make money off it, or pretend that you wrote it.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
| 6
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6,471
|
Not sure. But the number of Israelis killed defending Israel is a little more
than 17,000 in the last 45 years and 61,000 injured.
You must try to make a mockery out of everything, don't you? Pathetic.
| 2
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|
I asked for opinions yesterday on Gateway machines. All
the e-mail I received indicated that they were solid,
reliable machines and technical support was very good.
Well, Gateway faxed me a price sheet just now. It seems
to be on the higher side, but then again, maybe not.
Dell's price for a similar price is a whole lot more.
Is this a decent deal? Please advise via email!
$DX-33V
80486DX 33 MHz
Desktop case
64K SRAM cache (20 ns)
8MB DRAM(70 ns SIMMS) expandable to 64MB
1.2 MB and 1.44 Epson diskette drives
250 MB Western Digital IDE (13 ms) 17Mb DTR
Local Bus IDE interface
ATI Ultra Pro VL bus with 1MB VRAM and 24 bit drivers
15" CrystalScan 1572FS color monitor
Phoenix BIOS
clock/calendar
8 16 bit ISA slots, 2 with 32 bit VESA local bus slots
1 parallel and 2 serial ports
Intel OverDrive ready; upgradeable to Pentium technology
124 key AnyKey programmable keyboard
DOS 6.0/Windows 3.1/Microsoft Mouse
Diagsoft QA plus
One of Excel, MS Word, Paradox, Project etc.
All for $2445
S & H 95
An NEC 3FGx minitor upgrade would cost $250 more.
Please advise!
Thanks!
Vasudev
| 5
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6,473
|
From article <C5n90x.EsJ@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>, by gsh7w@fermi.clas.Virginia.EDU (Greg Hennessy):
Really? I thought that insurance companies hired all of
their actuarial staffs to determine the risks correlated
with all groups of people, and that gays are more likely
to have AIDS than are those of other sexual orientations.
If I am wrong about this correlation, please correct me.
My auto insurance company charges me up the wazoo because
I am a young male with a very high performance car. I
always thought that this was based on NHTSA and other
statistical data, rather than bigotry and hatred for young
men with fast cars. Of course, with the proper government
intervention, we could force the insurance companies to
pretend that young men with fast cars are just the same
as everyone else...
| 13
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6,474
|
Having had my car die on me(engine fire, insurance agent said
it was probably totaled), I am in the market for a another vehicle.
I saw a Toronado that was within my expected price range and was
wondering if anybody could relate their experiences with me.
Namely: 1. Does it have accceptable power(it has a 305 in it)?
2. Does its being front wheel drive make maintenance difficult?
3. One power window and the power seat do not work, are these
expensive items to replace if I do the work myself?
4. How long do the engines usually last( 90M+ now)?
5. Any other experiences good or bad, and opinions.
| 4
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6,475
|
I'm sure all the religious types would get in a snit due
to Asimov's atheism.
Do we have any atheists on stamps now?
| 14
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6,476
|
Why would Pollin want to move the Caps, because I think he
owns the Cap Centre. I know they don't sell out all of their
games, but they draw a lot more than the Bullets. If you
had the situation that Abe had, would you move if you were
guaranteed that anyone who went to the games would have to
park at the stadium, because there has been nothing within
a half mile, until the recent construction in
the area.
Can they win a game in OT again.
Rich
| 16
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6,477
|
There is a known problem with the seals on the taillights of <93 probes.
Complain loudly to your dealer and get them to install new seals. It is
a known problem, present on most (if not all) pre-93 Probes, so you
shouldn't have to pay them to fix it. In my case, they fixed it on
my extended warranty (I just had to pay a $50 deductable) (the
work was valued at something like $185 with labor and parts). Having
removed the tail lamps myself on other occasions, I think their estimate
was fair.
| 4
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6,478
|
The killing of the ATF agents is a separate issue. My point is that many
children died because of Koresh defending himself. Did he have what you
call the "moral right" to keep those children in a dangerous enviroment in
order to defend himself?
| 8
|
6,479
|
I have the following system for sale.
386DX 25Mhz (DTK motherboard Intel microprocessor)
64k external cache
4 megs Ram
89 meg Harddrive (IDE controller)
1.2 meg floppy drive
1.44 meg floppy drive
2 serial ports
1 parallel port
Samsung VGA monitor
SVGA graphics card (tseng labs w/ 1meg) awesome card.
101 key keyboard
2400 baud internal modem
Software:
MS-DOS 6.0
Procomm Plus ver. 2.0
Norton Utilities ver. 4.5
other various utilities
I'm upgrading and need to sell. The system is reliable and ready to go.
I've never had any problems with it.
I'm asking $1000 o.b.o.
If you're interested, please respond by either E-mail or phone.
TAE0460@zeus.tamu.edu
or
409-696-6043
| 1
|
6,480
| 2
|
|
6,481
|
i think those with 1.6 MR2's would describe the engine as sweet if a
little loud, those with 2.2 MR2's i can't imagine any unbiased person
paying it any compliments. sounded like my ex-dormmate's rusty chevy
chevette. with the 1.6 i would want to redline it just for the music,
with the 2.2 i would short shift so that it would shut up.. the new
camry 2.2 features balance shafts. i guess since the mr2 is getting
the axe, it is too late for them to do anything about this..
it is no mystery that the turbo mr2 is "only" 2 liters.. the engineers
had enough integrity to prevent any further abuses. also, in europe
the MR2 Mk2 non-turbo was also "only" 2 liters.. as usual, the
undiscriminating american market (if it is japanese it *must* be good)
gets the dogs.. to be fair, we also got the turbo, which the europeans
did not.
| 4
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6,482
|
Kent, with regards to the information contained in the Bible (which
is the original context of this thread), Brian Kendig is inside a huge
wall. Brian *IS* inside. The Bible and the information contained therein
are outside the wall. Brian Kendig proves this very sad fact by the
absurd things he says. For example, "If I get through into the firey
pit, I will cease to exist." The Bible doesn't say that. He hasn't
a clue even to what Jesus said about hell. That is but one example.
| 8
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6,483
|
Too easy. When you are dragging your pegs while driving in a
straight line.
Actually I've driven in 50 mph side winds with just a little
difficulty.
| 0
|
6,484
|
In <1ren9a$94q@morrow.stanford.edu> salem@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Bruce Salem)
This brings up another something I have never understood. I asked this once
before and got a few interesting responses, but somehow didn't seem satisfied.
Why would the NT NOT be considered a good source. This might be a
literary/historical question, but when I studied history I always looked for
firsthand original sources to write my papers. If the topic was on Mr. X, I
looked to see if Mr. X wrote anything about it. If the topic was on a group,
look for the group, etc. If the topic is on Mr. X, and Mr. X did not write
anything about it, (barring the theistic response about the Bible being
divinely inspired which I can't adequately argue), wouldn't we look for people
who ate, worked, walked, talked, etc. with him? If someone was at an event
wouldn't they be a better "reporter" than someone who heard about it second
hand? I guess isn't firsthand better than second hand. I know, there is bias,
and winners writing history, but doesn't the principle of firsthand being best
still apply?
MAC
--
****************************************************************
Michael A. Cobb
"...and I won't raise taxes on the middle University of Illinois
class to pay for my programs." Champaign-Urbana
-Bill Clinton 3rd Debate cobb@alexia.lis.uiuc.edu
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[...]
[...]
I believe you are mistaken. I don't believe the AG publishes the
number of state wiretaps.
- Carl
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Knowing Keith, I expect he'll bring the leather accessories.
Better oil it well. Leather cracks when it dries.
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We need terrain data for a visualization research currently taking place
in Tel-Aviv university. We have two databases that we are currently working
on, but we would like to work on more databases, possibly more complicated
and ones that will give prettier images.
Before I describe what kind of data we need, let me mention that we are
going to present a paper titled "Photo-Realistic Imaging of Digital Terrains"
which describes the research and the results, in the EUROGRAPHICS'93
conference in Barcelona, this september. We are going to show a video-tape
with some of our results, so any good data that we will receive will be
presented in the tape, with a mention of the donator.
We are working on databases consisting of aerial or satelite photographs,
and terrain elevation maps (DTM).
Each database consists of a 2D array of height values (any data format can
be used for each value), and a corresponding 2D array of color values (can
be gray-level, 256-color value or full 24-bit R/G/B values. Other format can
also be used). We work on 512X512 and 1024x1024 resolution databases.
If anybody has access to this kind of data, or knows where we can get such
data files, please respond in this news group, or - better - email us
directly :
amit@math.tau.ac.il (Amit Shaked), or
danny@indigo.bgu.ac.il (Daniel Cohen)
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Sounds like Darryl being Darryl, Tommy spending too much time on
Slim Fast and needs a pasta fix, and the media being their usual
"charming" selves. Sounds like a New York-like story to me!! :-)
I saw the replay and am wondering what the big deal is? I didn't
realize the folks in LA were making a big to do about it. I think
Stawberry, Lasorda and the various media types should sit and watch
the replay then apologize to the fan.
Darryl has not gotten off to a good start, he has to blame someone.
As long as the fan doesn't interfere with the play I see no problems.
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Jeffrey L. Cook sez;
Lazlo Nibble sez;
Actually, paving ground glass over Lichtenstein wouldn't demonstrate the
strength of Western Capitalism, since it's strength depends on use of
the mind and materials in the fulfillment of needs and desires. Mind you,
I'm not saying *no-one* would benefit from glassed-over land, but I don't
think anyone would actually pay for it, unlike the (potential) billsats.
I don't quite follow you on the part about someone exposing their genitals
at parties, but I got a chuckle from it anyway. And I thought I had some
strange friends :-)
-Tommy Mac
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tom McWilliams 517-355-2178 wk \ They communicated with the communists,
18084tm@ibm.cl.msu.edu 336-9591 hm \ and pacified the pacifists. -TimBuk3
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(Deletion)
Well, yes, but that belongs in the other group, there is a interpretation
found for everything. However, allowing any form of interpretation reduces
the information of the text so interprteted to zero.
By the way, I have checked the quote and I think the lines preceding those
quoted above are more interesting:
21:32 where mountains are set on earth in order to immobilize the earth.
21:33 where the skies (heavens?) are referred to as well supported.
the lines given above are 21:34 after my edition.
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I have a fresh stock of S-VHS broadcast master tapes, in album covers, forsale.
All unopened and still in plastic. I will sell the lot for $50 (they are worth
around $75 at Discount Video Warehouse). (Fuji Broadcast master )
| 1
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Try WinJPEG on oak.oakland.edu:pub/msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip
It has more TIFF support than graphics workshop. It also converts to
all the above formats...
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From article <67@cyberia.win.net>, by johnston@cyberia.win.net (Robert Johnston):
Hmmm... I wouldn't consider encryption to be a weapon. How would the
government classify encryption? Seems to me that encryption ought to
be covered by the first amendment. Using this line of reasoning, the
government shouldn't be able to restrict what data people encrypt and
what encryption algorithms they use because this would be restricting
one's freedom of speech. In other words, encrypted data---text,
graphics, or other information---is just another form of free speech.
For this reason the government shouldn't be able to regulate the use
of encryption algorithms and encrypted data. The only time the
government should be able to 'force' someone to reveal his or her
encryption keys for some encrypted data is when the encrypted data
in question may be something that isn't protected by the first
amendment such as kiddy porn. Even in a case like this the
government should be required to get a search warrant before coercing
someone into revealing the keys.
BTW, what encryption methods are considered to be state-of-the-art
nowdays. Have the feds relaxed export restrictions on DES yet?
Also, is DES still regarded as a good form of encryption?
Scott Kennedy, Brewer and Patriot
Before: "David Koresh is a cheap thug who interprets
the Bible through the barrel of a gun..." --ATF spokesman
After: "[The ATF] is a cheap thug who interprets
[the Constitution] through the barrel of a gun..." --Me
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I recently heard of some testing of a new migraine drug called sumatripton
(I have no idea of the actual spelling) that supposedly utilizes a chemical
that trips neuro-transmitters. My mother has regular migraines and nothing
seems to help - does anyone know anything about this new drug? Is it in
a testing phaze or anywhere near approval? Does it seem to be working?
Any information would help.
Please feel free to e-mail rather than take up bandwidth if you prefer.
Thanks in advance,
-Rox
--
roxannen@cruzio.santa-cruz.ca.us
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The Apocryphal books that are in the Septuagint were part of the canon
used by the Greek-speaking churches from the inception of the church.
They were not added later (or much later). This is a common misconception.
The preference of the Hebrew canon over the Greek canon is a later
innovation. The church did not need to be guided to "add" the books
since they were part of the faith once received by the apostles and
passed to the Church.
Larry Overacker (llo@shell.com)
--
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I am having a really bothersome problem using the MSDOS prompt in Windows 3.1
to open a dos box. When I am done with the dos box, I cant get back to windows.
If I do Alt enter to shrink the box or use 'exit' to close it, the screen goes
black and I have to control-alt-delete until I kill windows. I get a couple
of screens about app not responding.
I think things are still alive under the black screen because if I alt-tab
to cycle through the running apps, I get flashes of text but then the
black returns.
This persists even if the machine is powered on and off.
I am working with an app developed using Borland's 3.1 application frameworks
and c++. It seems to work fine.
Hardware is a 486 with 16meg ram; not on a network. Video is a TSENG
vga. dos 5.0.
I reinstalled windows a couple of time but the problem comes back. I am
using temporary swapping for virtual memory.
I would really REALLY appreciate any hints anyone might offer.
Thanks,
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NL:
Chicago Wait Til Next Years
New York Bunch of Egos With no Chemistrys
Philedelphia Overacheivers Until Mitch Williams Blows Games
Pittsburg CHeapskates
Montreal Canadiens (love that name!)
St. Louis Cardinals (how boring!)
Miami Marlins (try telling Tampa-StPete that the Marlins are Florida's)
San Diego She's Going DOwn Men and Children Firsters
Los Angeles Disables Listers
San Francisco Get Past Number Five and You Are Fines
Cincinatti Underacheivers
Atlanta Bills
Colorado Pitching is 10% of Baseballers
Houston Astonomicals
AL:
New York Steinbrenners
Boston Wow, We're In Firsters
Cleveland Good Hit No PItchers
Detroit Lions (Hey, they score 20 every game also!)
Toronto God Does Jack Morris Stinkers
Baltimore We Have a Great Park and a Bankrupt Owners
Milwaukee Don't Drink the Water Drink the Beer Insteaders
Kansas City Oh God Not Againers
Oakland Gezz Did the Eck Blow a Saves
Texas Bashers
California We Won't Win But We'll Sure As Hell Tryers
Seattle Griffeys
Chicago We''l Find A Way to Lose Agains
Minnesota Marshmallow Domers
--
msilverm@nyx.cs.du.edu GO CUBS!!!
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