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understanding how individual learning behavior and structural | dynamics | complex networks | understanding how individual learning behavior and structural dynamics interact is essential to modeling emergent phenomena in socioeconomic networks |
the recent advancement of multimodal large | language | language models | the recent advancement of multimodal large language models mllms is transforming human-computer interaction hci from surface-level exchanges into more nuanced and emotionally intelligent communication |
to compensate for a quasiperiodic disturbance a quasiperiodic disturbance | observer | disturbance observer | to compensate for a quasiperiodic disturbance a quasiperiodic disturbance observer using time delays was proposed |
in this work we propose get-use a two-step procedure that learns to perform real-robot generalized tool usage by | learning | learning agents | in this work we propose get-use a two-step procedure that learns to perform real-robot generalized tool usage by learning first to extend the robot s embodiment in simulation and then transferring the learned strategies to real-robot visuomotor policies |
we investigate a process of growth of a signed network that strictly adheres to heider | structural | network structures | we investigate a process of growth of a signed network that strictly adheres to heider structural balance rules resulting in two opposing growing factions |
for the monotone patterns pi 1 2 3 and 3 2 1 we present a nonadaptive tester with | polylogarithmic | mathrm polylog | for the monotone patterns pi 1 2 3 and 3 2 1 we present a nonadaptive tester with polylogarithmic query complexity giving an exponential separation between monotone and nonmonotone patterns unlike the one-dimensional case |
we also show that there are differences in the blueshift of the civ lambda 1549 aa line and the equivalent width of the heii lambda 1640 aa line in radio loud and radio quiet | quasars | black hole | we also show that there are differences in the blueshift of the civ lambda 1549 aa line and the equivalent width of the heii lambda 1640 aa line in radio loud and radio quiet quasars that persist even after accounting for differences in the mass and accretion rate of the central black hole |
we hope the geometric view of parametric memory encourages revisiting the default intuitions that guide researchers in areas like | knowledge | reasoning capabilities | we hope the geometric view of parametric memory encourages revisiting the default intuitions that guide researchers in areas like knowledge acquisition capacity discovery and unlearning |
experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets validate our theoretical insights and show that the proposed method effectively improves fairness while preserving | predictive | predictive performance | experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets validate our theoretical insights and show that the proposed method effectively improves fairness while preserving predictive performance |
based on this discussion and drawing on jane jacobs notion of eyes on the | street | everyday publics | based on this discussion and drawing on jane jacobs notion of eyes on the street we put forward the relational notion of reciprocity deficits between ai infrastructures and everyday publics in the street |
quantum random number generators provide true physical randomness based on quantum processes essential for cryptographic and | scientific | quantum batteries | quantum random number generators provide true physical randomness based on quantum processes essential for cryptographic and scientific applications |
overall our study links the structure of stimuli task and learning rule to representational drift and could pave the way for using | drift | working memory | overall our study links the structure of stimuli task and learning rule to representational drift and could pave the way for using drift as a signal for uncovering underlying computation in the brain |
for the first time we effectively evaluate | diagrams | evaluation metrics | for the first time we effectively evaluate diagrams produced by state-of-the-art llms on recent research literature quantitatively demonstrating the validity of our metrics |
the results demonstrate that the agent s training against opponents enables deliberate overtaking behaviours with an | overtaking | collision avoidance | the results demonstrate that the agent s training against opponents enables deliberate overtaking behaviours with an overtaking rate of 87 compared 56 for an agent trained just to race |
this paper introduces a new structural design method to effectively decompose n 1 -bit toffoli | gates | -bit toffoli | this paper introduces a new structural design method to effectively decompose n 1 -bit toffoli gates by utilizing configurable ancilla qubits which we named the support qubits |
our analysis disentangles the effects of post-training algorithms and datasets measuring both the magnitude and time of | value | training data | our analysis disentangles the effects of post-training algorithms and datasets measuring both the magnitude and time of value drifts during training |
the poisson generalized linear model glm is a foundational tool for analyzing neural | spike | spike train | the poisson generalized linear model glm is a foundational tool for analyzing neural spike train data |
these innovations mitigate model bias and restore approximate exchangeability enabling | uncertainty | uncertainty quantification | these innovations mitigate model bias and restore approximate exchangeability enabling uncertainty quantification even under policy shifts |
as a first foray into quantum computational chemistry of actinides this paper compares the method of quantum computed moments qcm as a noisy intermediate-scale quantum algorithm with a single-ancilla version of quantum phase | estimation | quantum dot | as a first foray into quantum computational chemistry of actinides this paper compares the method of quantum computed moments qcm as a noisy intermediate-scale quantum algorithm with a single-ancilla version of quantum phase estimation qpe a quantum algorithm expected to run on fault-tolerant quantum computers |
observational studies developing causal machine learning ml models for the prediction of individualized treatment effects ites seldom conduct empirical evaluations to assess the conditional | exchangeability | causal effect | observational studies developing causal machine learning ml models for the prediction of individualized treatment effects ites seldom conduct empirical evaluations to assess the conditional exchangeability assumption |
in this work we systematically assess the performance of pdfxm relative to monochromatic dfxm when using a compound | refractive | refractive index | in this work we systematically assess the performance of pdfxm relative to monochromatic dfxm when using a compound refractive lens crl as the objective |
twin-field quantum key distribution protocols security and | open | fault-tolerant quantum | twin-field quantum key distribution protocols security and open problems |
to determine the half-light radii we derived surface | brightness | surface brightness | to determine the half-light radii we derived surface brightness and number density profiles for each system and fitted them with exponential plummer and s ersic models |
while prior work often imposes object-centric | attention | working memory | while prior work often imposes object-centric attention e |
remarkably however we show that if the system is stabilizable then using this as prior knowledge leads to necessary and sufficient | conditions | linear control | remarkably however we show that if the system is stabilizable then using this as prior knowledge leads to necessary and sufficient conditions that are weaker than those for data-driven stabilization without prior knowledge |
we propose a new collision avoidance strategy that takes both | energy | motion planning | we propose a new collision avoidance strategy that takes both energy use and travel time into account |
however since the synthetic data depends on the observed data and fails to replicate the original data distribution accurately prediction accuracy is reduced when the | synthetic | synthetic data | however since the synthetic data depends on the observed data and fails to replicate the original data distribution accurately prediction accuracy is reduced when the synthetic data is naively treated as the true data |
in these systems the magnetic activity is not uniformly distributed along the edges but localized on specific | magnetic | magnetic properties | in these systems the magnetic activity is not uniformly distributed along the edges but localized on specific magnetic islands around molybdenum edge atoms |
yet the relationship between parametric-oscillator implementations and traditional oscillator-based | ising | parametric oscillator | yet the relationship between parametric-oscillator implementations and traditional oscillator-based ising machines remains underexplored |
to address these limitations we propose a symbolic | regression | support vector machines | to address these limitations we propose a symbolic regression sr -based ml framework |
this design incorporates a temporal attention in vision encoder enabling the model to better capture the progression of actions and the relationships between frames before passing | visual | vision transformers | this design incorporates a temporal attention in vision encoder enabling the model to better capture the progression of actions and the relationships between frames before passing visual tokens to the llm |
we find that the gas content and the dynamical coldness of the disk jointly regulate | spiral | quiescent galaxies | we find that the gas content and the dynamical coldness of the disk jointly regulate spiral growth galaxies with higher gas fractions and colder disks develop more prominent spirals |
while modern large language models llms are increasingly used to model neural responses to | language | inner speech | while modern large language models llms are increasingly used to model neural responses to language their internal representations are highly entangled mixing information about lexicon syntax meaning and reasoning |
these results establish arp as a robust and scalable approach for coherent control in inas qd ensembles with potential applications for ultrafast and broadband optical | communication | optical communication | these results establish arp as a robust and scalable approach for coherent control in inas qd ensembles with potential applications for ultrafast and broadband optical communication in the thz spectral region |
our study addresses the challenges inherent in calculating mixed fermion-boson systems and explores the potential of quantum | computing | quantum networks | our study addresses the challenges inherent in calculating mixed fermion-boson systems and explores the potential of quantum computing to advance their analysis |
we also find an apparent dependence on both | quiescent | galaxy cgm | we also find an apparent dependence on both quiescent galaxy mass and environment with 75 of the most massive log m_ mathrm m_ odot geq10 |
our work extends the study of predator-prey | models | quantum advantage | our work extends the study of predator-prey models to the quantum realm and advances quantum simulation stratagies that leverage engineered many-body nonequilibrium effects |
in this paper we formalize this challenge as the textbf reward density optimization problem which aims to improve the | reward | reward density | in this paper we formalize this challenge as the textbf reward density optimization problem which aims to improve the reward obtained per unit of exploration cost |
we learn visual features by captioning images with an image-conditioned masked diffusion | language | vision-language models | we learn visual features by captioning images with an image-conditioned masked diffusion language model a formulation we call masked diffusion captioning mdc |
our key finding is that network connectivity declined by 45 from 2018 to 2023 implying a 26 reduction in the | contagion | network fragility | our key finding is that network connectivity declined by 45 from 2018 to 2023 implying a 26 reduction in the contagion decay parameter |
artificial intelligence systems based on large | language | ai agents | artificial intelligence systems based on large language models llms can now generate coherent text music and images yet they operate without a persistent state each inference reconstructs context from scratch |
such approaches are limited by large upfront | costs | computational cost | such approaches are limited by large upfront costs an inability to immediately handle new benchmarks cold-start and the fragile assumption that future models will share the failure patterns of their predecessors |
the idea is to combine the statistical principle of rejection sampling with the geometric | principle | density estimation | the idea is to combine the statistical principle of rejection sampling with the geometric principle of volume comparison |
optimal random access and conditional lower bounds for 2d | compressed | compressed indexing | optimal random access and conditional lower bounds for 2d compressed strings |
to address these challenges we present expertflow a runtime system for moe | inference | moe inference | to address these challenges we present expertflow a runtime system for moe inference that combines adaptive expert prefetching and cache-aware routing |
empathic prompting non-verbal context integration for multimodal | llm | llm reasoning | empathic prompting non-verbal context integration for multimodal llm conversations |
behavioral cloning is a simple yet effective technique for | learning | reinforcement learning | behavioral cloning is a simple yet effective technique for learning sequential decision-making from demonstrations |
quantum enhanced dark-matter search with entangled fock | states | quantum computing | quantum enhanced dark-matter search with entangled fock states in high-quality cavities |
furthermore we extend our scheme to generate a three-photon state capable of extracting an einstein-podolsky-rosen pair from two initial | states | entanglement entropy | furthermore we extend our scheme to generate a three-photon state capable of extracting an einstein-podolsky-rosen pair from two initial states lacking this capability revealing a previously unobserved entanglement superactivation phenomenon |
in this work we take a step toward building a truly accurate | world | world models | in this work we take a step toward building a truly accurate world model by addressing a fundamental yet open problem constructing a model that can fully clone and overfit to a deterministic 3d world |
inspired by societally relevant applications in networked infrastructure systems these problems consist of simultaneously finding an unreweighted sparsified graph and | nodal | optimal power flow | inspired by societally relevant applications in networked infrastructure systems these problems consist of simultaneously finding an unreweighted sparsified graph and nodal potentials that satisfy fixed demands where the objective is to minimize some congestion criterion e |
generating pivot gray codes for spanning trees of complete | graphs | spanning trees | generating pivot gray codes for spanning trees of complete graphs in constant amortized time |
on the data-driven level we propose an orthogonal residual | learning | machine learning | on the data-driven level we propose an orthogonal residual learning scheme |
these accretion-based m_ bullet values which in this sample span nearly three orders of magnitude are consistent with | galactic | dwarf galaxies | these accretion-based m_ bullet values which in this sample span nearly three orders of magnitude are consistent with galactic scaling relations but are significantly more precise 68 credible interval pm 0 |
we then propose novel estimators that are asymptotically | efficient | ate estimation | we then propose novel estimators that are asymptotically efficient achieving this theoretical bound |
self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning | capabilities | reasoning tasks | self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models lvlms where models explore and learn from successful trajectories iteratively |
we then show that electron-phonon interactions critically modify optical spectra and exciton | lifetimes | phonon polaritons | we then show that electron-phonon interactions critically modify optical spectra and exciton lifetimes at finite temperatures |
experimental results indicate improved performance compared to baseline methods | particularly | extensive experiments | experimental results indicate improved performance compared to baseline methods particularly for large environments |
researchers have investigated various methods to extract | motion | optical flow | researchers have investigated various methods to extract motion information from a single blurred image including blur kernels and optical flow |
incorporating these two modules enhances intra-region | semantic | brain decoding | incorporating these two modules enhances intra-region semantic consistency and maintains inter-region contextual associations thereby facilitating fine-grained brain decoding |
0 percentage point on average compared to parametric exponential | decay | spatial decay | 0 percentage point on average compared to parametric exponential decay assumptions with largest improvements at policy-relevant distances 2 |
the mean viral count is expressed via probability density functions representing the completion time for each step in the | replication | viral replication | the mean viral count is expressed via probability density functions representing the completion time for each step in the replication process |
first-order methods based on the pdhg algorithm have recently emerged as a viable option for efficiently solving large-scale linear | programming | efficiently solving | first-order methods based on the pdhg algorithm have recently emerged as a viable option for efficiently solving large-scale linear programming problems |
building upon over a hundred references we explore the essential aspects of these methods such as core assumptions numerical algorithms convergence properties and practical trade-offs to guide further developments particularly at the intersection of sequential | stopping | stopping rules | building upon over a hundred references we explore the essential aspects of these methods such as core assumptions numerical algorithms convergence properties and practical trade-offs to guide further developments particularly at the intersection of sequential stopping rules and related areas of research |
the relativistic spin-momentum locking for mnte is | composed | spin-momentum locking | the relativistic spin-momentum locking for mnte is composed of dxz- dyz- and s-wave |
8 ev and broadening of the pe lines for all atoms upon polymerization indicating a major redistribution of valence electron | density | electronic structure | 8 ev and broadening of the pe lines for all atoms upon polymerization indicating a major redistribution of valence electron density between the monomer fragments |
the increasing integration of renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources der into modern | power | power systems | the increasing integration of renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources der into modern power systems introduces significant uncertainty posing challenges for maintaining grid flexibility and reliability |
in this work we develop a kuramoto-style canonical phase description of parametric oscillator ising machines by starting from the stuart-landau oscillator model -- the canonical normal form near a hopf bifurcation and a natural reduced description for many parametric oscillator implementations such as the degenerate optical parametric | oscillator | parametric oscillator | in this work we develop a kuramoto-style canonical phase description of parametric oscillator ising machines by starting from the stuart-landau oscillator model -- the canonical normal form near a hopf bifurcation and a natural reduced description for many parametric oscillator implementations such as the degenerate optical parametric oscillator dopo among others |
swiech stochastic optimal control in infinite dimensions dynamic programming and | hjb | linear control | swiech stochastic optimal control in infinite dimensions dynamic programming and hjb equations springer 2017 |
experimental results reveal that while advanced models achieve moderate accuracy in | persona | persona simulation | experimental results reveal that while advanced models achieve moderate accuracy in persona simulation they still fall short of capabilities such as syntactic style and memory recall |
we study a weighting estimator that sets weights by a minimax procedure solving a convex optimization | problem | maximum likelihood | we study a weighting estimator that sets weights by a minimax procedure solving a convex optimization problem that trades off worst-case conditional bias against variance |
the theoretical results found in the evolutionarily | equilibrium | evolutionary dynamics | the theoretical results found in the evolutionarily equilibrium in the mathematical model are in line with the empirical results observed in oncology namely the coexistence of both primary and metastatic tumors and the conditions that favor a metastatic process |
there has been a surge of recent interest in automatically | learning | policy evaluation | there has been a surge of recent interest in automatically learning policies to target treatment decisions based on rich individual covariates |
we examine how context can help with the drc task with our experiments showing that | context | context engineering | we examine how context can help with the drc task with our experiments showing that context as defined by discourse structure is generally helpful |
while viewing an ever-changing fractal-inspired artwork in an | immersive | virtual reality | while viewing an ever-changing fractal-inspired artwork in an immersive environment the user s eeg stream is analyzed and mapped into vr |
notably the insertion of four alkylammonium ions introduces different populations of mn2 vacancies leading to a transition from the pristine antiferromagnetic state to more complex magnetic textures including a ferrimagnetic state displaying a | magnetic | magnetic anisotropy | notably the insertion of four alkylammonium ions introduces different populations of mn2 vacancies leading to a transition from the pristine antiferromagnetic state to more complex magnetic textures including a ferrimagnetic state displaying a magnetic saturation of 1 ub atom |
a critical visual computation is to construct global scene properties from activities of early visual cortical neurons which have small | receptive | higher-order visual | a critical visual computation is to construct global scene properties from activities of early visual cortical neurons which have small receptive fields |
experiments across multiple model families and sizes show that angular | steering | angular steering | experiments across multiple model families and sizes show that angular steering achieves robust behavioral control while maintaining general language modeling performance underscoring its flexibility generalization and robustness compared to prior approaches |
analyses were put on the bulge stars including retrograde | stars | bulge stars | analyses were put on the bulge stars including retrograde stars their elemental abundances and the - plane to investigate potential accreted components |
crash data objectively characterize road safety but are rare and often unsuitable for proactive | safety | crash risk | crash data objectively characterize road safety but are rare and often unsuitable for proactive safety management |
in comparison to conventional measurement methods like laser tracker or motion capture systems the | calibration | calibration plate | in comparison to conventional measurement methods like laser tracker or motion capture systems the calibration plate provides a more mechanically robust and cheaper alternative which is furthermore easier to transport due to its small size |
to overcome this limitation we propose to generalize sobolev ipm through the lens of emph orlicz geometric structure which employs convex functions to capture nuanced geometric relationships building upon recent advances in optimal transport theory -- particularly orlicz-wasserstein ow and generalized | sobolev | sobolev ipm | to overcome this limitation we propose to generalize sobolev ipm through the lens of emph orlicz geometric structure which employs convex functions to capture nuanced geometric relationships building upon recent advances in optimal transport theory -- particularly orlicz-wasserstein ow and generalized sobolev transport -- that have proven instrumental in advancing machine learning methodologies |
notably we further complement the global analysis with local | convergence | local convergence | notably we further complement the global analysis with local convergence guarantees by demonstrating that the rescaled iterates exhibit asymptotic normality with a limiting covariance matrix resembling the minimax optimal covariance achieved by derivative-based methods albeit larger due to the absence of derivative information |
physics-informed neural networks pinns are | neural | neural networks | physics-informed neural networks pinns are neural networks that embed the laws of dynamical systems modeled by differential equations into their loss function as constraints |
we demonstrate that for spiking neural networks constrained to only four unique synaptic weight values m 4 our | spikefit | spike train | we demonstrate that for spiking neural networks constrained to only four unique synaptic weight values m 4 our spikefit method not only outperforms state-of-the-art snns compression methods and conventional baselines combining extreme quantization schemes and clustering algorithms but also meets a wider range of neuromorphic hardware requirements and provides the lowest energy use in experiments |
ssf adapts the concept of retransmission from | communication | communication systems | ssf adapts the concept of retransmission from communication to sensing |
the model which is built extending the classical susceptible-infected-susceptible model accounts for two populations -- humans and vectors -- and for cross-contagion between the two species whereby humans become infected upon interaction with carrier vectors and vectors become carriers after interaction with | infected | infectious individuals | the model which is built extending the classical susceptible-infected-susceptible model accounts for two populations -- humans and vectors -- and for cross-contagion between the two species whereby humans become infected upon interaction with carrier vectors and vectors become carriers after interaction with infected humans |
efficient collision-avoidance constraints for ellipsoidal | obstacles | collision avoidance | efficient collision-avoidance constraints for ellipsoidal obstacles in optimal control application to path-following mpc and uavs |
this paper proposes a noncoherent low probability of detection lpd | communication | communication systems | this paper proposes a noncoherent low probability of detection lpd communication system based on direct sequence spread spectrum dsss and grassmannian signaling |
large language models llms face significant | inference | large language models llms | large language models llms face significant inference latency challenges stemming from their autoregressive design and large size |
the state of brain emulation report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of the field s progress since sandberg and bostrom s 2008 whole brain | emulation | brain regions | the state of brain emulation report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of the field s progress since sandberg and bostrom s 2008 whole brain emulation roadmap |
our findings point toward future control applications and open new avenues for probing the | intrinsic | functional connectivity | our findings point toward future control applications and open new avenues for probing the intrinsic temporal structure of neural activity |
across synthetic and real-world benchmarks we show that | llms | large language models llms | across synthetic and real-world benchmarks we show that llms can exploit dataset metadata to recommend competitive models and hyperparameters without search and that improvements from meta-informed prompting demonstrate their capacity for in-context meta-learning |
by first probing an lm to identify feature-specific layers our method iteratively regresses out lower-level representations to produce four nearly orthogonal embeddings for lexicon syntax meaning and | critically | abstract representations | by first probing an lm to identify feature-specific layers our method iteratively regresses out lower-level representations to produce four nearly orthogonal embeddings for lexicon syntax meaning and critically reasoning |
the advent of artificial intelligence ai -native wireless communication is fundamentally reshaping the design paradigm of next-generation nextg systems where | intelligent | reconfigurable intelligent surface | the advent of artificial intelligence ai -native wireless communication is fundamentally reshaping the design paradigm of next-generation nextg systems where intelligent air interfaces are expected to operate adaptively and efficiently in highly dynamic environments |
we present an adaptive and parallel implementation of the basin hopping bh algorithm for the global optimization of | atomic | molecular dynamics | we present an adaptive and parallel implementation of the basin hopping bh algorithm for the global optimization of atomic clusters interacting via the lennard-jones lj potential |
finally we present a proof-of-principle simulation on the ibm quantum experience platform realizing a quantum switch of two measurement | channels | quantum key distribution | finally we present a proof-of-principle simulation on the ibm quantum experience platform realizing a quantum switch of two measurement channels with tunable strengths and experimentally confirming the predicted efficiency enhancement enabled by correlation-assisted superposed causal order |
for a wide range of envisioned integrated | sensing | integrated sensing | for a wide range of envisioned integrated sensing and communication isac use cases it is necessary to incorporate tracking techniques into cellular communication systems |
the optimization campaign successfully identified a | control | optimal control | the optimization campaign successfully identified a control strategy that yields a drag reduction of approximately 10 |
time-optimal model predictive control for | linear | predictive control | time-optimal model predictive control for linear systems with multiplicative uncertainties |
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