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despite the notable advancements and versatility of multi-modal | diffusion | diffusion models | despite the notable advancements and versatility of multi-modal diffusion models such as text-to-image models their susceptibility to adversarial inputs remains underexplored |
to evaluate llms ability to identify and redact such private information prior work developed | benchmarks | llm reasoning | to evaluate llms ability to identify and redact such private information prior work developed benchmarks e |
here we exploit the spatial structure of atomic ensembles to | control | atom interferometry | here we exploit the spatial structure of atomic ensembles to control the coupling between modes of distinct cavities thereby reshaping the resulting atom-photon spectra |
the increasing frequency and severity of high impact and low probability events such as hurricanes and windstorms pose significant challenges to the resilience of electrical | power | power systems | the increasing frequency and severity of high impact and low probability events such as hurricanes and windstorms pose significant challenges to the resilience of electrical power distribution systems particularly in regions of new england where there is a significant amount of overhead infrastructure in areas where vegetation is predominant |
ai mathematician as a partner in advancing | mathematical | artificial intelligence | ai mathematician as a partner in advancing mathematical discovery -- a case study in homogenization theory |
our work incorporates state-of-the-art innovations in all key aspects of the fault-tolerant quantum | computing | quantum computing | our work incorporates state-of-the-art innovations in all key aspects of the fault-tolerant quantum computing ftqc stack to show how quantum computers could realistically and practically tackle co _2 utilization for green energy production |
although recent work has developed robust did estimators for complex settings like staggered treatment adoption these methods typically assume complete data and fail to address the critical challenge of | outcomes | average treatment | although recent work has developed robust did estimators for complex settings like staggered treatment adoption these methods typically assume complete data and fail to address the critical challenge of outcomes that are missing at random mar -- a common problem that invalidates standard estimators |
by treating them as instances of the same phenomenon we show that | critical | critical numbers | by treating them as instances of the same phenomenon we show that critical numbers across physical scales and scientific domains commonly arise from competing feedbacks that scale differently with number |
automating the co-design of a robot s morphology and | control | mobile robots | automating the co-design of a robot s morphology and control is a long-standing challenge due to the vast design space and the tight coupling between body and behavior |
in the case of purely real kerr coefficients a split-step fourier method is | appropriate | kerr rotation | in the case of purely real kerr coefficients a split-step fourier method is appropriate for numerical simulations |
this paper proposes a coherence-aware communication-efficient framework for joint channel training and model updating in practical | wireless | wireless networks | this paper proposes a coherence-aware communication-efficient framework for joint channel training and model updating in practical wireless fl systems operating under heterogeneous fading dynamics |
this article presents a comparison between two data-driven state | estimation | state estimation | this article presents a comparison between two data-driven state estimation methods based on the unscented kalman filter ukf fusing pressure demand and flow data for head and flow estimation |
beyond summarising comparisons we analyse reported | performance | predictive performance | beyond summarising comparisons we analyse reported performance metrics using mixed-effects modelling to investigate potential characteristics that can explain and quantify observed differences including application area study year sample size number of predictors and neural network complexity |
this superior performance not only sets a new benchmark for device responsivity and compactness but also opens promising avenues for future research including the incorporation of gain media for loss compensation at eps and the exploration of alternative tunable materials for next-generation ultracompact | photonic | integrated photonics | this superior performance not only sets a new benchmark for device responsivity and compactness but also opens promising avenues for future research including the incorporation of gain media for loss compensation at eps and the exploration of alternative tunable materials for next-generation ultracompact photonic devices |
however traditional one-dimensional opinion models -- assuming support for one party equals opposition to another -- fail to capture the nuanced | dynamics | opinion dynamics | however traditional one-dimensional opinion models -- assuming support for one party equals opposition to another -- fail to capture the nuanced dynamics of swing voters including neutrals left leaners and right leaners who are critical for the final election outcomes |
the former deterministically realizes nonlocal operations but demands extensive entanglement | resources | multipartite entanglement | the former deterministically realizes nonlocal operations but demands extensive entanglement resources whereas the latter requires no entanglement yet suffers from exponential sampling overhead |
with enough data optimal performance is attained through model s specialisation towards the target but it can be hard to reach for | training | machine learning | with enough data optimal performance is attained through model s specialisation towards the target but it can be hard to reach for training algorithms which get attracted by sub-optimal solutions predicted by the theory |
in this study we incorporate a homogeneous environment into the | evolutionary | evolutionary game | in this study we incorporate a homogeneous environment into the evolutionary dynamics of a three-state system comprising cooperators defectors and empty nodes |
experimental results show that our method reconstructs the intrinsic motion hierarchy in 1d and 2d cases and produces more realistic and interpretable deformations compared to the baseline on dynamic 3d gaussian | splatting | gaussian splatting | experimental results show that our method reconstructs the intrinsic motion hierarchy in 1d and 2d cases and produces more realistic and interpretable deformations compared to the baseline on dynamic 3d gaussian splatting scenes |
in this paper we propose a new test-time alignment method called adaptive importance sampling on pre-logits aisp on the basis of the sampling-based model predictive control with the stochastic | control | test-time alignment | in this paper we propose a new test-time alignment method called adaptive importance sampling on pre-logits aisp on the basis of the sampling-based model predictive control with the stochastic control input |
identifying asymptomatic individuals is critical for measuring and controlling an epidemic but periodic and widespread testing of healthy | individuals | disease transmission | identifying asymptomatic individuals is critical for measuring and controlling an epidemic but periodic and widespread testing of healthy individuals is often too costly |
in this work we propose get-use a two-step procedure that learns to perform real-robot generalized tool usage by | learning | imitation learning | in this work we propose get-use a two-step procedure that learns to perform real-robot generalized tool usage by learning first to extend the robot s embodiment in simulation and then transferring the learned strategies to real-robot visuomotor policies |
in this paper we introduce a novel concept in | causal | interventional constraints | in this paper we introduce a novel concept in causal discovery termed interventional constraints which differs fundamentally from interventional data |
however the spatial scales over which the initial conditions can exert a significant | influence | scaling relations | however the spatial scales over which the initial conditions can exert a significant influence are not well constrained |
on three real-world road networks with 17 to 177 heterogeneous | intersections | heterogeneous intersections | on three real-world road networks with 17 to 177 heterogeneous intersections extensive experiments show that reg-tsc reduces travel time by 42 |
while current models show promise it remains an open question whether this | alignment | encoding models | while current models show promise it remains an open question whether this alignment is superficial or reflects a deeper correspondence in the underlying dimensions of representation |
they also allow fine-grained personalization on the community alignment dataset we learn annotator-specific weights over subjective features that improve | preference | preference data | they also allow fine-grained personalization on the community alignment dataset we learn annotator-specific weights over subjective features that improve preference prediction |
to answer this at inference time we estimate object and background expectations within clip s representation space and synthesize counterfactual embeddings by recombining | object | vision-language models | to answer this at inference time we estimate object and background expectations within clip s representation space and synthesize counterfactual embeddings by recombining object features with diverse alternative contexts sampled from external datasets batch neighbors or text-derived descriptions |
a prevailing theory in cognitive neuroscience proposes that the human brain operates through hierarchical predictive processing which underlies flexible | cognition | brain-computer interface | a prevailing theory in cognitive neuroscience proposes that the human brain operates through hierarchical predictive processing which underlies flexible cognition and behavior by integrating multimodal sensory signals |
however the performance of all previous digital quantum simulations has been matched by classical methods and it has thus far remained unclear whether near-term intermediate-scale quantum hardware could offer any computational | advantage | quantum advantage | however the performance of all previous digital quantum simulations has been matched by classical methods and it has thus far remained unclear whether near-term intermediate-scale quantum hardware could offer any computational advantage in this area |
our findings suggest the smc has a higher production of eu with respect to the alpha -elements than the milky | way | active galactic | our findings suggest the smc has a higher production of eu with respect to the alpha -elements than the milky way but in line with what observed in other dwarf systems within the local group |
to address this we introduce robart a posterior | bias-correction | bias-correction term | to address this we introduce robart a posterior bias-correction that robustifies bart for valid inference on the mean response |
we reveal that under fef populations are less | cooperative | collective systems | we reveal that under fef populations are less cooperative and network heterogeneity can provide an advantage only if targeting specific network properties clarifying seemingly contradictory experimental results and evolutionary predictions |
this paper explores a multi-cell multiple-input single-output miso | downlink | uplink communication | this paper explores a multi-cell multiple-input single-output miso downlink communication system enabled by a unique transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface ris transceiver trtc configuration |
this paper develops and empirically implements a continuous functional framework for analyzing systemic risk in financial networks building on the dynamic | spatial | dynamic spatial | this paper develops and empirically implements a continuous functional framework for analyzing systemic risk in financial networks building on the dynamic spatial treatment effect methodology established in our previous studies |
to enhance the interaction between the global and | local | encoder network | to enhance the interaction between the global and local encoders a symmetric cross-attention module is proposed across all layers of the encoders to fuse and refine features |
we apply our framework to the simplex method an algorithm which is beloved for its excellent performance in | practice | online algorithm | we apply our framework to the simplex method an algorithm which is beloved for its excellent performance in practice and notorious for its high running time under worst-case analysis |
this is a concise pedagogical introduction to the dynamic field of | open | quantum mechanics | this is a concise pedagogical introduction to the dynamic field of open quantum systems governed by markovian master equations |
we propose viz-coast a method of leveraging the common-sense spatial reasoning of large pretrained | vision-language | vision-language-action vla | we propose viz-coast a method of leveraging the common-sense spatial reasoning of large pretrained vision-language models to identify issues with downward refinement a priori bypassing the need to fix these failures during planning |
understanding how learning algorithms shape the computational strategies that | emerge | neural networks | understanding how learning algorithms shape the computational strategies that emerge in neural networks remains a fundamental challenge in machine intelligence |
we adopt inverse probability weighting ipw for identification however ipw-transformed outcomes are known to be noisy even when true | propensity | propensity score | we adopt inverse probability weighting ipw for identification however ipw-transformed outcomes are known to be noisy even when true propensity scores are used |
this study not only enriches the theoretical framework of evolutionary | game | game theory | this study not only enriches the theoretical framework of evolutionary game theory but also provides a foundation for the management of ecological systems and the design of cooperative mechanisms in society |
using a dataset of only 36 pristine experimental images of si 001 h we demonstrate that a physics-informed synthetic data generation pipeline can be used to train several state-of-the-art flow-matching and | diffusion | flow matching | using a dataset of only 36 pristine experimental images of si 001 h we demonstrate that a physics-informed synthetic data generation pipeline can be used to train several state-of-the-art flow-matching and diffusion models |
for this problem we develop a direct debiased | machine | debiased machine learning | for this problem we develop a direct debiased machine learning framework with an end-to-end algorithm |
under mild assumptions on the noise we derive sharp | non-asymptotic | asymptotic normality | under mild assumptions on the noise we derive sharp non-asymptotic perturbation bounds that reveal how the error scales with the eigengap spectral decay and noise alignment with low-curvature directions of a |
the dataset allows for a clearer analysis of road conditions by compiling essential | data | sensor data | the dataset allows for a clearer analysis of road conditions by compiling essential data including vehicle speed acceleration rotation rates and magnetic field intensity along with the visual and spatial context provided by gis weather and video data |
these features allow the design of flat band materials with ultra large | electronic | electronic structure | these features allow the design of flat band materials with ultra large electronic gaps in low-dimensional systems making these materials promising for devices operation at higher voltages and temperatures than conventional semiconductor materials |
physicalism posits consciousness is a physical process that can be modeled computationally | natural | cognitive science | physicalism posits consciousness is a physical process that can be modeled computationally natural dualism rejects this hypothesis |
combobench can llms manipulate physical devices to play virtual | reality | virtual reality | combobench can llms manipulate physical devices to play virtual reality games |
self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning | capabilities | large language models llms | self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models lvlms where models explore and learn from successful trajectories iteratively |
this research provides an indication of potential advances in the exploration of all four fundamental aspects of tool usage enabling | robots | robotic systems | this research provides an indication of potential advances in the exploration of all four fundamental aspects of tool usage enabling robots to master the intricate art of tool manipulation across diverse tasks |
for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal diversity and the size of the largest resistant clone at recurrence we derive corresponding law of large | number | reproduction number | for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal diversity and the size of the largest resistant clone at recurrence we derive corresponding law of large number limits |
moreover we quantitatively interpret our components from a neuroscience perspective and analyze the associations between different visual | patterns | brain-computer interface | moreover we quantitatively interpret our components from a neuroscience perspective and analyze the associations between different visual patterns and brain functions |
neutral atom quantum computers hold promise for scaling up to hundreds of thousands of qubits but their progress is constrained by slow | qubit | qubit readout | neutral atom quantum computers hold promise for scaling up to hundreds of thousands of qubits but their progress is constrained by slow qubit readout |
will this trend towards greater concentration in large | cities | urban systems | will this trend towards greater concentration in large cities continue or level off |
to mitigate the prohibitive overhead associated with full | channel | channel state information | to mitigate the prohibitive overhead associated with full channel state information at the transmitter csit we propose a partial-csit-based beamforming scheme that leverages randomized steering vectors and limited user-side feedback based on signal quality measurements |
for statistical models on circles we investigate performance of estimators defined as the projections of the | empirical | density estimation | for statistical models on circles we investigate performance of estimators defined as the projections of the empirical distribution with respect to the wasserstein distance |
we find that urban growth follows a consistent | life | large cities | we find that urban growth follows a consistent life cycle |
existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical | reasoning | reasoning curriculum | existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models llms |
in this paper we present a novel method that dynamically adjusts | translation | translation gain | in this paper we present a novel method that dynamically adjusts translation gain by leveraging visual distractors |
our results demonstrate that large electrical stark shifts can overcome the inhomogeneous distribution of transition frequencies representing a significant step toward scalable siv - -based quantum technologies such as | quantum | quantum technologies | our results demonstrate that large electrical stark shifts can overcome the inhomogeneous distribution of transition frequencies representing a significant step toward scalable siv - -based quantum technologies such as quantum repeaters |
by having two parties transmit phase encoded weak coherent pulses wcp to an untrusted central node the tf-qkd exploits single-photon interference to achieve secret | key | quantum key distribution | by having two parties transmit phase encoded weak coherent pulses wcp to an untrusted central node the tf-qkd exploits single-photon interference to achieve secret key rates scaling as square-root of channel length enabling quantum-secured communication over unprecedented distances |
we make use of this algorithmic framework to analyse memory effects in disease | evolution | population genetics | we make use of this algorithmic framework to analyse memory effects in disease evolution in a population |
mapping habitat connectivity takes geographic analyses a step further evaluating the potential roles of locations in biological invasions pandemics or | species | ecological communities | mapping habitat connectivity takes geographic analyses a step further evaluating the potential roles of locations in biological invasions pandemics or species conservation |
each file represents a unique subject emotion and the ecg | signals | physiological signals | each file represents a unique subject emotion and the ecg signals recorded at 1000 hz were segmented into 10-second epochs to reflect real-world usage |
to address the non-convex and temporally coupled optimization problem we propose a mixture-of-experts-augmented soft actor-critic moe-sac algorithm that employs a sparse top-k gated mixture-of-shallow-experts architecture to represent multimodal | policy | deep reinforcement | to address the non-convex and temporally coupled optimization problem we propose a mixture-of-experts-augmented soft actor-critic moe-sac algorithm that employs a sparse top-k gated mixture-of-shallow-experts architecture to represent multimodal policy distributions arising from the conflicting optimization objectives |
our core innovations include 1 vision-language decoupling that moves conventional early vision and | language | vision-language models | our core innovations include 1 vision-language decoupling that moves conventional early vision and language inputs fusion in vlm to late stage achieving better performance while enabling caching and reduce inference overhead and latency 2 long-short action chunking to ensure smooth coherent multi-step planning without sacrificing real-time responsiveness 3 dynamic routing that adaptively assigns lightweight or heavy backbones based on task complexity further optimizing inference efficiency |
our main theoretical results show that in the limit of high dimension d this | posterior | approximate posterior | our main theoretical results show that in the limit of high dimension d this posterior mathbb p x mid y is concentrated near the desired metric projection pi_ mathscr m y |
deep reinforcement learning approach to qosaware load balancing in 5g cellular networks under user | mobility | deep reinforcement learning | deep reinforcement learning approach to qosaware load balancing in 5g cellular networks under user mobility and observation uncertainty |
thus unified models that operate seamlessly across | digital | vision-language models vlms | thus unified models that operate seamlessly across digital and physical spaces while generalizing across embodiments and tasks remain absent |
we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add | mobility | mobility networks | we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add mobility network features and their interactions with macro incidence and autoregressive ar models that include town-level recent cases |
inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal recurrent neural network grounded in | predictive | predictive processing | inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal recurrent neural network grounded in predictive processing under the free-energy principle capable of directly integrating over 30 000-dimensional visuo-proprioceptive inputs without dimensionality reduction |
these results demonstrate the advantages of incorporating structural priors into reinforcement | learning | learning agents | these results demonstrate the advantages of incorporating structural priors into reinforcement learning for tensegrity robot control |
a high-resource language that serves as a catalyst for | multilingual | multilingual data | a high-resource language that serves as a catalyst for multilingual generalization yields benefits across language families and contrary to expectations selecting a pivot language from within a specific family does not consistently improve performance for languages within that family |
while a large number of studies have been devoted to developing and comparing various weight choice criteria the role of weight constraints on the properties of combination forecasts is relatively less understood and the use of various | constraints | weight constraints | while a large number of studies have been devoted to developing and comparing various weight choice criteria the role of weight constraints on the properties of combination forecasts is relatively less understood and the use of various constraints in practice is also rather arbitrary |
a-tpt angular diversity calibration properties for test-time prompt tuning of | vision-language | language models | a-tpt angular diversity calibration properties for test-time prompt tuning of vision-language models |
mightee-hi the hi mass-stellar mass relation of massive galaxies and the hi mass | function | host galaxy | mightee-hi the hi mass-stellar mass relation of massive galaxies and the hi mass function at 0 |
for a long-range energy planning problem it was | able | expansion planning | for a long-range energy planning problem it was able to produce optimal and feasible solutions for millions of input parameters within seconds |
learning to defer uncertain predictions to costly experts offers a powerful strategy for improving the | accuracy | debiased machine learning | learning to defer uncertain predictions to costly experts offers a powerful strategy for improving the accuracy and efficiency of machine learning systems |
understanding how urban systems and traffic dynamics co-evolve is crucial for advancing | sustainable | urban systems | understanding how urban systems and traffic dynamics co-evolve is crucial for advancing sustainable and resilient cities |
the land use-climate change-biodiversity nexus in european | islands | land use | the land use-climate change-biodiversity nexus in european islands stakeholders |
we address this gap with a token-aware causal representation | learning | reinforcement learning rl | we address this gap with a token-aware causal representation learning crl framework grounded in a sequential language-token scm |
although it is often regarded as a recent innovation of the | agent | llm agents | although it is often regarded as a recent innovation of the agent era we argue that related practices can be traced back more than twenty years |
among possible strategies to meet this challenge is exploiting the twist degree of freedom in layered structures which enables both emerging moire physics and unprecedented reconfigurability of | photonic | photonic crystal | among possible strategies to meet this challenge is exploiting the twist degree of freedom in layered structures which enables both emerging moire physics and unprecedented reconfigurability of photonic and electronic properties |
leveraging predictive channel models and predictive uav trajectories we formulate a bi-objective pareto | optimization | multi-drone racing | leveraging predictive channel models and predictive uav trajectories we formulate a bi-objective pareto optimization problem over a long-term planning horizon to jointly optimize the sampling timing for aerial traffic and the power and spectrum allocation for fair coexistence |
task and motion planning tamp integrates high-level task | planning | motion planning | task and motion planning tamp integrates high-level task planning with low-level motion feasibility but existing methods are costly in long-horizon problems due to excessive motion sampling |
furthermore we construct a large-scale synthetic panorama | dataset | real-world datasets | furthermore we construct a large-scale synthetic panorama dataset containing high-quality multimodal panoramas from diverse indoor and outdoor scenes |
unfortunately in too many cases today s ai is not | accountable | ai systems | unfortunately in too many cases today s ai is not accountable -- we cannot question it enter into a discussion with it let alone sanction it |
using fourier spectroscopy we carefully select wave vectors in the 2d plane of periodicity of the | photonic | photonic crystal | using fourier spectroscopy we carefully select wave vectors in the 2d plane of periodicity of the photonic crystal |
i propose compositional did codid which identifies counterfactual totals and shares under a parallel growths assumption absent treatment each category | s | treatment assignment | i propose compositional did codid which identifies counterfactual totals and shares under a parallel growths assumption absent treatment each category s size grows or shrinks at the same proportional rate in treated and control groups |
the joint transmit and pinching beamforming | design | beamforming design | the joint transmit and pinching beamforming design for spectral efficiency se and energy efficiency ee tradeoff in pinching-antenna systems pass is proposed |
extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in panoramic visual perception and graphics-ready 3d scene | generation | video generation | extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in panoramic visual perception and graphics-ready 3d scene generation opening new possibilities for immersive and physically realistic virtual world generation |
strongly polynomial parallel work-depth tradeoffs for | directed | strongly polynomial | strongly polynomial parallel work-depth tradeoffs for directed sssp |
we quantify the gas flows from a scale of up to several parsecs down to the | sub-parsec | dense gas | we quantify the gas flows from a scale of up to several parsecs down to the sub-parsec scale along filamentary structures in the three high-mass star-forming regions g75 |
our result nearly matches the o log 2 n approximation | guarantee | -approximation algorithm | our result nearly matches the o log 2 n approximation guarantee of the quasi-polynomial-time algorithm by li xu and zhang icalp 2025 |
generative artificial intelligence genai can aid | humans | human-ai interaction | generative artificial intelligence genai can aid humans in a wide range of tasks but its effectiveness critically depends on users being able to evaluate the accuracy of genai outputs and their own expertise |
along these lines we contend that co-design is not only a method for empirical optimization under constraints but also an enabler of ei offering a scalable and robust alternative to classical | control | optimal control | along these lines we contend that co-design is not only a method for empirical optimization under constraints but also an enabler of ei offering a scalable and robust alternative to classical control for robotics at the mm-to-cm-scale |
3 we show this dependency is almost optimal to get a | poly | poly log | 3 we show this dependency is almost optimal to get a poly n log lambda -time complexity |
derivative-free sequential quadratic programming for equality-constrained | stochastic | dynamic programming | derivative-free sequential quadratic programming for equality-constrained stochastic optimization |
our findings reveal that while current video models demonstrate promising reasoning patterns on short-horizon spatial coherence fine-grained grounding and locally consistent dynamics they remain limited in long-horizon causal | reasoning | multimodal reasoning | our findings reveal that while current video models demonstrate promising reasoning patterns on short-horizon spatial coherence fine-grained grounding and locally consistent dynamics they remain limited in long-horizon causal reasoning strict geometric constraints and abstract logic |
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