text stringlengths 15 213 | Annotator I int64 1 6 | Annotator II int64 1 6 |
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Modern ketchup emerged in the early years of the 20th century , out of a debate over the use of sodium benzoate as a preservative in condiments . | 5 | 4 |
The walls encircling the old town remain intact , even as the city expanded and modernized , unusual for cities in the region . | 4 | 5 |
A number of other visiting diesel and steam locomotives have also seen service on the line . | 4 | 5 |
Para-alpine skiing classification is the order system for para-alpine skiing . | 4 | 5 |
A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids . | 5 | 5 |
A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide . | 5 | 5 |
Most polyesters are made with a polycondensation reaction . | 4 | 5 |
In the series , we learn that Geordi was born blind and wears a VISOR , an arc-shaped prosthetic attached at the temples that provides him with vision . | 5 | 4 |
Four photopigment opsins exist in teleost fish , reptiles and birds . | 4 | 5 |
Researchers studying the opsin genes responsible for color-vision pigments have long known that four photopigment opsins exist in birds , reptiles and teleost fish . | 5 | 5 |
Hydrazoic acid is very explosive . | 4 | 5 |
Hydrazoic acid is volatile and highly toxic . | 4 | 5 |
Often people use soaps and detergents to assist in the emulsification of oils and dirt particles so they can be washed away . | 4 | 5 |
Women wear a feminine tartan kilt , a short white blouse with a sleeveless velvet jacket over it , matching tartan hose and ghilies shoes . | 4 | 5 |
Females wear a tartan kilt with a velvet jacket , worn with a lace insert , or a sleeveless velvet vest worn over a white blouse . | 4 | 5 |
He is best known for his discoveries of Purkinje cells and Purkinje fibres . | 4 | 5 |
Comparisons between denominations must be approached with caution . | 4 | 5 |
Comparisons between denominational churches must be approached with caution . | 4 | 5 |
Lithium peroxide is made by reacting lithium hydroxide with hydrogen peroxide and removing the water . | 5 | 5 |
During the twelfth century the area was swampland . | 4 | 5 |
Chemical literature databases correlate structures or other chemical information to relevant references such as academic papers or patents . | 5 | 4 |
The bat used by the batter can be made of wood , aluminum , or composite materials such as carbon fiber . | 4 | 5 |
Whenever someone dies , they are sent to a one of many mysterious bars run by bartenders serving as arbiters inside a tower in the afterlife . | 4 | 5 |
The live hour-long series finale aired August 26 , 2014 , and was viewed by 1.003 million viewers for a 0.4 share in the 18 - 49 demographic . | 4 | 5 |
It is obtained by the combustion of phosphorus in a limited supply of air at low temperature . | 5 | 5 |
It is made by burning phosphorus in a little air . | 5 | 4 |
Astronomers now have evidence there is a supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy . | 5 | 4 |
Caring for a beating heart cadaver is similar to caring for a living patient . | 4 | 5 |
The novel is told through narratives alternating between two periods and is largely told in the third - person omniscient mode . | 5 | 4 |
Alekhine is known for his fierce and imaginative attacking style , combined with great positional and endgame skill . | 4 | 5 |
The caste system of social insects is the division of labor between genetically identical individuals . | 4 | 5 |
The caste system of insects enables eusociality , the division of labor between non-breeding and breeding individuals . | 5 | 4 |
Within a day , the first symptoms of mustard poisoning had appeared in 628 patients and medical staff , with symptoms including blindness and chemical burns . | 4 | 5 |
Classical thermodynamic systems cannot achieve negative temperatures : adding heat always increases their entropy . | 5 | 5 |
Magnesium is the eleventh most abundant element by mass in the human body and is essential to all cells and some 300 enzymes . | 5 | 5 |
Magnesium is the 11th most abundant element by mass in the human body . | 4 | 5 |
These frogs lack adhesive toe discs found in the tree frogs . | 4 | 5 |
Polymorphism is common in nature . | 4 | 5 |
Polymorphism is common in nature ; it is related to biodiversity , genetic variation , and adaptation . | 5 | 5 |
Cofactors which are complex organic molecules are often called coenzymes . | 5 | 5 |
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cells in mammals , 70 % of leukocytes . | 5 | 5 |
Some of the tools for measuring the voltage are the voltmeter and the oscilloscope . | 4 | 5 |
One common theory as to how handedness affects the hemispheres is the brain hemisphere division of labor . | 4 | 5 |
Handedness seems to follow from the brain hemisphere division of labor . | 4 | 5 |
Non-financial capital accumulation is an essential factor for economic growth , since additional investment is essential to enlarge the scale of production and increase employment opportunities . | 4 | 5 |
Both non-financial and financial capital accumulation is usually needed for economic growth , since additional production usually requires additional funds to enlarge the scale of production . | 4 | 5 |
Oxygen is the most abundant chemical element by mass in the Earth 's biosphere , air , sea and land . | 4 | 5 |
Wrasses have protractile mouths , usually with separate jaw teeth that jut outwards . | 4 | 5 |
He died on 17 January 2018 from hypothermia , four days after his 52nd birthday . | 4 | 5 |
The fundamentals of bird flight are similar to those of aircraft , in which the aerodynamic forces sustaining flight are lift and drag . | 5 | 4 |
To find the shape of the minimal surface bounded by some arbitrary shaped frame using strictly mathematical means can be a daunting task . | 4 | 5 |
Sclerophyllous plants occur in many parts of the world . | 4 | 5 |
The sources of magnetic moments in materials can be represented by poles in analogy to electrostatics . | 4 | 5 |
Characteristics of extraterrestrial skies appear to vary substantially due to a number of factors . | 4 | 5 |
Microglia are specialized macrophages capable of phagocytosis that protect neurons of the central nervous system . | 5 | 5 |
The microglia are the macrophages of the nervous system . | 5 | 4 |
However , during the 20th century the river deteriorated due to pollution . | 4 | 5 |
Secondary injuries are caused by fragmentation and other objects propelled by the explosion . | 4 | 5 |
In short , a digital signal is a quantized discrete- time signal ; a discrete- time signal is a sampled analog signal . | 4 | 5 |
The 1880 census determined the resident population of the United States to be 50,189,209 , an increase of 30.2 percent over the 38,555,983 persons enumerated during the 1870 Census . | 4 | 5 |
There are many kinds of icosahedra , with some being more symmetrical than others . | 5 | 5 |
There are infinitely many non-similar shapes of icosahedra , some of them being more symmetrical than others . | 5 | 5 |
The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite . | 5 | 4 |
The corresponding formation on the floor underneath a stalactite is known as a stalagmite . | 4 | 5 |
Their plumage is mainly light chestnut brown with blackish spots on the upperside and buff with narrow blackish streaks on the underside ; the remiges are also blackish . | 4 | 5 |
Octopuses can operate chromatophores in complex , wavelike displays , giving rapidly changing color schemes . | 4 | 5 |
Many projects have attempted to bridge the gap in knowledge caused by the Zone of Avoidance . | 4 | 5 |
It is still unclear what causes gestational diabetes . | 4 | 5 |
The precise mechanisms underlying gestational diabetes remain unknown . | 5 | 5 |
Scallops are filter feeders , and eat plankton . | 4 | 5 |
Kodaikanal was established in 1845 as a resort town where people would come to find refuge from the high temperatures and tropical diseases of the plains . | 4 | 5 |
Noncrystalline ceramics , being glass , tend to be formed from melts . | 5 | 4 |
Non-crystalline ceramics : Non-crystalline ceramics , being glasses , tend to be formed from melts . | 4 | 5 |
During December to March , the lake turns to a vibrant cobalt blue color , returning to a colder steel grey color for April to November . | 4 | 5 |
Organic synthesis is a special type of chemical synthesis . | 5 | 4 |
The upperside of the wings is dark reddish brown with the forewing sometimes having white submarginal spots . | 5 | 4 |
Renewable energy can also contribute to better health by providing energy to refrigerate medicine and sterilize medical equipment . | 5 | 4 |
Furthermore , renewable can also provide energy to refrigerate medicine and sterilize medical equipment in rural areas where the access to electricity is difficult . | 4 | 5 |
The book has also been seen as an attempt to redefine masculinity as a necessary step toward the abolition of slavery . | 4 | 5 |
The oldest parts of the building have been dated by dendrochronology to 1094 . | 5 | 5 |
For people who are unwilling or unable to take drugs regularly , injectable long-acting preparations of antipsychotics can be used . | 5 | 4 |
For people who are unwilling or unable to take medication regularly , long-acting depot preparations of antipsychotics may be used to achieve control . | 5 | 4 |
After 1932 he withdrew from tournament play as his noted anthropophobia showed traces of schizophrenia during a mental breakdown . | 5 | 5 |
Chicken parmigiana is also a common dish in Australia and is often served with a side of chips or salad . | 4 | 5 |
The holotype specimen was likely not fully grown when it died . | 4 | 5 |
In order to enable the promotion of all Form 3 students to Form 4 in the school , the school altered the class structure to a symmetrical one . | 4 | 5 |
Bearded dragons do not vocalize , except to hiss softly when threatened . | 4 | 5 |
In 2004 , the firm launched a policy orchestration initiative to integrate patch management , assessment and remediation of remote and mobile computers into its connectivity platform . | 5 | 5 |
In 2004 , iPass launched a policy orchestration initiative to integrate patch management , assessment and remediation of remote and mobile computers into its connectivity platform . | 5 | 4 |
The presence of the shell under the sand is revealed by a keyhole - shaped hole in the sand , made by its siphons during suspension feeding for plankton . | 5 | 4 |
Its presence is revealed by a keyhole - shaped hole in the sand , made by its siphons during suspension feeding for plankton . | 4 | 5 |
Epidemiological practice and the results of epidemiological analysis make a significant contribution to health management | 5 | 5 |
Cold seeps develop unique topography over time , where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs . | 4 | 5 |
Cold seeps change the shape of the ocean floor over time , where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs . | 5 | 5 |
There are a lot of quokkas living on the small offshore islands , because this is only a small area they are listed as vulnerable . | 4 | 5 |
Although numerous on the small offshore islands , the quokka is classified as vulnerable . | 4 | 5 |
Occasionally , novae are bright enough and close enough to Earth to be conspicuous to the unaided eye . | 4 | 5 |
Potassium iodate is sometimes used for iodination of table salt to prevent iodine deficiency . | 4 | 5 |
Potassium iodate is used to add iodine to salt . | 4 | 5 |
Pollinators are often visually attracted by the shape and colors of the labellum . | 4 | 5 |
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