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[ "On 18 April 1988 , the U.S. Navy waged a one-day battle against Iranian forces in and around the strait .", "On 18 April 1988 , the U.S. Navy had a one-day battle against Iranian forces in and around the strait ." ]
[ "U.S. officials accused Iran of harassing and provoking their naval vessels ; Iranian officials denied these allegations .", "U.S. officials said Iran was harassing and provoking their naval vessels ." ]
[ "One U.S. carrier battle group from Japan would complement two more , which are already in the Persian Gulf , for a total of five battle groups , not counting submarines .", "There would be a total of five battle groups , not counting submarines ." ]
[ "Winkler is best known for his role as Fonzie in the 1970s American sitcom Happy Days .", "Winkler is best known for his role as Fonzie on the 1970 American sitcom Happy Days ." ]
[ "Henry Winkler was born in Manhattan , New York City , New York the son of Ilse Anna Maria ( née Hadra ) and Harry Irving Winkler , a lumber company president .", "His parents were Ilse Anna Maria ( née Hadra ) , and Harry Irving Winkler , a lumber company executive ." ]
[ "In 1978 , Emerson awarded Winkler an honorary doctorate of humane letters .", "In 1978 Emerson College and Austin College gave Winkler an honorary doctorate of humane letters ." ]
[ "Winkler 's Jewish parents emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1939 , `` on the eve '' of World War II ; the family practiced Conservative Judaism .", "Winkler 's parents emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1939 , before the beginning of World War II ." ]
[ "Winkler attended the McBurney School , received his bachelor 's degree from Emerson College in 1967 , and earned his MFA from the Yale School of Drama in 1970 .", "He received his bachelor 's degree from Emerson College in 1967 ." ]
[ "Henry Franklin Winkler , OBE ( born October 30 , 1945 ) is an American actor , director , producer and author .", "Henry Franklin Winkler OBE ( born October 30 , 1945 ) is an American movie , television , stage , voice actor , director , producer , and writer ." ]
[ "The Crotalinae , commonly known as pit vipers , crotaline snakes , or pit adders , are a subfamily of venomous vipers found in Asia and the Americas .", "The Crotalinae , also known as the `` Pit vipers '' or `` Crotaline snakes '' , are a subfamily of venomous vipers found in Asia and the Americas ." ]
[ "Currently , 18 genera and 151 species are recognized : seven genera and 54 species in the Old World , against a greater diversity of 11 genera and 97 species in the New World .", "There are 18 genera and 151 species which are currently found : 7 genera and 54 species in the Old World , and 11 genera and 97 speci...
[ "These snakes range in size from the diminutive hump-nosed viper , Hypnale hypnale , that grows to an average only 30-45 cm ( 12-18 in ) , to the bushmaster , Lachesis muta ; a species known to reach a maximum of 3.65 m ( 12.0 ft ) in length-the longest venomous snake in the New World .", "Pit vipers range in siz...
[ "In the Americas , they range from southern Canada southward to Central America to southern South America .", "In the Americas , they are found from southern Canada , southward to Central America to southern South America ." ]
[ "This family of snakes is found in the Old World from eastern Europe eastward through Asia to Japan , Taiwan , Indonesia , peninsular India , Nepal , and Sri Lanka .", "This subfamily of snakes is found from eastern Europe , eastward through Asia to Japan , Taiwan , Indonesia , India , Nepal and Sri Lanka ." ]
[ "Formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2003 , TVXQ originally debuted as a five-member boy band consisting of leader U-Know Yunho , Max Changmin , Hero Jaejoong , Micky Yoochun , and Xiah Junsu .", "Its members are U-know Yunho , Hero Jaejoong , Micky Yoochun , Xiah Junsu and Max Changmin ." ]
[ "In August 2008 , TVXQ returned to Korea to prepare for the release of their fourth Korean album , Mirotic .", "Their fourth Korean album , Mirotic was released in 2008 ." ]
[ "The single reached to number thirty-seven on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart .", "It peaked at # 25 on the Oricon Chart ." ]
[ "The group resumed their Korean activities with the release of their third Korean album , `` O '' - Jung .", "The group has released three Japanese and six Korean albums ." ]
[ "Mandu are usually served with kimchi , and a dipping sauce made of soy sauce , vinegar and chilli .", "These Mandu are usually served with dipping soy sauce mixed with vinegar ." ]
[ "If the dumplings are grilled or fried , they are called gunmandu ( 군만두 ) ; when steamed , jjinmandu ( 찐만두 ) ; and when boiled , mulmandu ( 물만두 ) .", "If they are grilled or fried , they are called gunmandu ( 군만두 ) ." ]
[ "The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher ( Tyrannus forficatus ) , also known as the Texas bird-of-paradise and Swallow-tailed Flycatcher , is a long-tailed insectivorous ( insect-eating ) bird of the genus Tyrannus , whose members are collectively referred to as kingbirds .", "The Scissor-tailed flycatcher ( Tyrannus forf...
[ "The scissor-tailed flycatcher is found in North and Central America .", "The scissor-tailed flycatcher is closely related to the kingbirds ." ]
[ "The scissor-tailed flycatcher is the state bird of Oklahoma , and is displayed in flight with tail feathers spread on the reverse of the Oklahoma Commemorative Quarter .", "It is also the state bird of Oklahoma ." ]
[ "Adult birds have pale gray heads and upper parts , light underparts , salmon-pink flanks , and dark gray wings .", "The wings are dark and it has a long black tail ." ]
[ "Catholics also hoped the Stuarts would end recusancy .", "They hoped the Stuarts would end bad laws ." ]
[ "The strongholds of Jacobitism were the Scottish Highlands , Ireland and Northern England .", "The most important places of Jacobitism were Ireland and Scotland , especially the Scottish Highlands ." ]
[ "Heliocentrism , or heliocentricism , is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a relatively stationary Sun at the center of the Solar System .", "Heliocentrism is the idea that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun , which is the center of the solar system ." ]
[ "In 1997 , the Palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site , described in its nomination as `` the swan song of the spectacular art of the Baroque , from which it adopted all the features needed to create the illusions of multidirectional space '' .", "The nomination described it as `` the swan song of the...
[ "The king 's primary object was to have a magnificent new royal court and administrative center for the Kingdom in a location protected from sea attack .", "The king wanted a magnificent new royal court and administrative center for the Kingdom in a place protected from sea attack ." ]
[ "The palace was inscribed as a world heritage site in 1997 .", "In 1997 , the palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site ." ]
[ "M64 is well known among amateur astronomers because of its appearance in small telescopes .", "M64 is well known among amateur astronomers because it can be seen in small telescopes ." ]
[ "It has a spectacular dark band of absorbing dust in front of the galaxy 's bright nucleus , giving rise to its nicknames of the `` Black Eye '' or `` Evil Eye '' galaxy .", "It has a spectacular dark band of absorbing dust in front of its bright nucleus ." ]
[ "The Black Eye Galaxy ( also called Sleeping Beauty Galaxy ; designated Messier 64 , M64 , or NGC 4826 ) was discovered by Edward Pigott in March 1779 , and independently by Johann Elert Bode in April of the same year , as well as by Charles Messier in 1780 .", "The Black Eye Galaxy ( or Sleeping Beauty Galaxy ; ...
[ "Blaine has performed for many other public and private entities , including Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin , Stephen Hawking , Woody Allen , Jack Nicholson , Robert De Niro , Al Pacino , and Muhammad Ali .", "Blaine has performed for many other people , including Google founders Larry Page and Sergey...
[ "Additionally , David Blaine has performed for Lakshmi Mittal .", "David Blaine has also performed for Lakshmi Mittal ." ]
[ "David Blaine has traveled internationally performing magic privately for President Bill Clinton and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton , President George W. Bush , Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld at the Pentagon , Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger , Henry Kissinger , Bill Gates and Mayor Michael Bloomberg .", ...
[ "David Blaine ( born David Blaine White ; April 4 , 1973 ) is an American magician , illusionist and endurance artist .", "David Blaine ( born David Blaine White on April 4 , 1973 ) is an American magician ." ]
[ "He has performed all over the world and has set and broken several world records .", "He has set and broken several world records ." ]
[ "When Blaine was 17 years old , he moved to Manhattan , New York .", "When he was 17 years old , he moved to Manhattan ." ]
[ "On Friday , January 15 , 2010 at 9 A.M. David Blaine started performing `` Magic for Haiti '' in Times Square until Monday , January 18 , 2010 at 9 A. M , performing for the course of 72 hours and raising nearly one hundred thousand dollars .", "On January 15 , 2010 , David Blaine started performing `` Magic For...
[ "Every year , David Blaine has traveled all across the country and the world to perform magic for children 's hospital wards , burn units and juvenile wards , including Spofford , Bridges , Horizon , and Crossroads .", "Some of them include ( in time order ) : Every year , David Blaine has traveled all across the...
[ "When he was 10 years old , his mother married John Bukalo and they moved to Little Falls , New Jersey , where he attended Passaic Valley Regional High School .", "When he was ten years old , his mother married another man , and the family moved to Little Falls , New Jersey ." ]
[ "Blaine was born and raised in Brooklyn , New York , the son of Patrice Maureen White ( 1946-1995 ) and William Perez .", "Blaine was born and raised in Brooklyn , New York ." ]
[ "The Battle of Corinth was a battle fought between the Roman Republic and the Greek state of Corinth and its allies in the Achaean League in 146 BC , that resulted in the complete and total destruction of the state of Corinth .", "The Battle of Corinth was a battle fought between the Roman Republic and the Ancien...
[ "In cryptography , Triple DES is the common name for the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm ( TDEA or Triple DEA ) symmetric-key block cipher , which applies the Data Encryption Standard ( DES ) cipher algorithm three times to each data block .", "In cryptography , Triple DES is a block cipher created from the Data...
[ "The KLI has about 20 of those former Beginners ' Grammarians .", "Today , the KLI has about 20 of those former Beginners ' Grammarians ." ]
[ "Yampell is also the author and co-author of numerous songs , such as the Klingon Anthem `` taHjaj wo ' '' ( music and lyrics ) , '' ` Iv maH '' ( music and lyrics ) , and `` yIH bom '' ( music ) .", "Yampell is also the author and co-author of many songs , such as the Klingon Anthem `` taHjaj wo ' '' ( music and...
[ "His duty is to help and teach the beginners of the Klingon language , especially in the Klingon email discussion group , which is also accessible for non-members .", "His duty is to help and teach the beginners of the Klingon language , especially in the Klingon email discussion group , which anyone can use ." ]
[ "This movie was presented at the Cannes Film Festival in France , and was shown at theaters few years after .", "This movie was shown at the Cannes Film Festival in France ." ]
[ "His dissertation topic was `` Representation of American Sign Language for Machine Translation . ''", "His final work topic was `` Representation of American Sign Language for Machine Translation . ''" ]
[ "The director of the KLI is its founder Lawrence M. Schoen , Ph.D. .", "The leader of the KLI is its founder Lawrence M. Schoen , Ph.D. ." ]
[ "Dr. d'Armond Speers is an American computational linguist and a member of the KLI .", "Dr. d'Armond Speers is an American computational linguist ( a word dude who works with talkie boxes ) and a member of the KLI ." ]
[ "He obtained a bachelor 's degree in psycholinguistics from California State University , Northridge , and then master 's and doctoral degrees in cognitive psychology from Kansas State University .", "He obtained a bachelor 's degree in psycholinguistics from California State University , Northridge , and then ma...
[ "He graduated from Georgetown University in the Spring of 2002 .", "He graduated from Georgetown University in 2002 ." ]
[ "The KLI was founded in 1992 in Flourtown , Pennsylvania .", "The KLI is in Flourtown , Pennsylvania ( USA ) ." ]
[ "The motto of the institute is qo ` mey poSmoH Hol , which means `` Language opens worlds '' .", "qo ` mey poSmoH Hol : language opens worlds - motto of the Klingon Language Institute ." ]
[ "At the qep ` a ' of the year 2003 , a documentary movie about the KLI was produced .", "At the `` qep ` a ' '' of the year 2003 , a documentary movie about the KLI was made ." ]
[ "Rich Yampell ( known to Klingonists as HoD Qanqor or `` Captain Krankor '' ) , a software engineer currently residing in Bellevue , Washington , is probably the world 's first ever conversational speaker of Klingon .", "Rich Yampell ( known to people who speak Klingon as HoD Qanqor or `` Captain Krankor '' ) , a...
[ "The Klingon Language Institute ( KLI ) is an independent organization located in Flourtown , Pennsylvania , USA .", "The Klingon Language Institute ( KLI ) is an organization who helps to teach and learn the Klingon language ." ]
[ "When his duty is over , he keeps his title of Grammarian .", "When his duty is over , he can still be called `` Grammarian '' ." ]
[ "Speers is known for having undertaken the endeavor to raise his child bilingually in English and Klingon ; Speers spoke in Klingon and his wife in English .", "Dr. Speers has tried to teach his child in Klingon ; He only spoke to him in Klingon , and his wife spoke to him in English ." ]
[ "The KLI is in close contact with Marc Okrand , the creator of the Klingon language , who has visited each qep ` a ' since the third one .", "The KLI talks very often with Marc Okrand , the person who made the Klingon language ." ]
[ "He resides in Blue Bell , Pennsylvania USA , where he also maintains a post office box , the international headquarters of the KLI .", "There he has a post office box in Flourtown , the international headquarters of the KLI ." ]
[ "Each year , the KLI hosts a five-day conference called qep ` a ' ( Klingon for `` great meeting '' ) , which is open to both members and anyone interested in the language .", "Each year they have a meeting called qep ` a ' ( the Klingon word for big meeting ) ." ]
[ "The album also contains the song `` Heavy '' with Dizzee Rascal .", "The new album also contains a new single ` Heavy ' with Dizzee Rascal ." ]
[ "The track was released on 2 November 2009 and featuring Plan B , it reached a peak of number nine on the UK Singles Chart .", "The track was released on 2 November 2009 and featuring British musician Plan B managed to reach a peak of number 9 on the UK Singles Chart ." ]
[ "The duo then released `` Let You Go '' on 15 August 2010 , revealing it to be the second official single to be released from their second studio album No More Idols , according to posters outside their album launch show at HMV Forum in Kentish Town on 21 October .", "Plan B . The duo then released `` Let You Go ...
[ "The fourth single from the album is `` Blind Faith '' , which features soul singer\\/songwriter Liam Bailey and was released in January 2011 .", "The fourth single from the album is the dubstep-flavoured Blind Faith , which features Nottingham-born soul singer\\/songwriter Liam Bailey was released on January 24 ...
[ "The single featured vocals from Mali and debuted at number eleven on the UK Singles Chart , marking the duo 's second consecutive Top Forty hit .", "The single had vocals from Mali and debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 11 ; marking the duo 's second Top 40 hit in a row ." ]
[ "`` Hypest Hype '' ( featuring Tempa T ) was confirmed in October 2010 to be the third single from the album .", "`` Hypest Hype '' featuring Tempa T was confirmed in October 2010 to be the third single from the album and was released as a free download from their website on 8 November 2010 ; meaning it did not q...
[ "On 5 October 2008 , they reached number seventy on the UK Singles Chart and number one on the UK Dance Chart again with their single `` Pieces '' featuring vocals from Plan B . In 2009 , they peaked at number forty five with `` Against All Odds '' , which featured UK rapper Kano .", "On 5 October 2008 , they rea...
[ "In November 2009 , the duo entered the top forty of the UK Singles Chart for the first time with the track `` End Credits '' .", "On 8 November 2009 , the duo entered the UK Top 40 for the first time with the track `` End Credits '' ." ]
[ "Chase & Status are a British electronic music production duo composed of Saul Milton ( Chase ) and Will Kennard ( Status ) .", "Chase & Status are an electronic production duo from London consisting of Saul `` Chase '' Milton and Will `` Status '' Kennard ." ]
[ "Chase & Status had three number one singles on the UK Dance Chart between 2007 - 2009 ; the double A-side `` Hurt You '' \\ / `` Sell Me Your Soul '' in 2007 and `` Take Me Away '' \\ / `` Judgement ( Informer ) '' in 2008 were two of them .", "Chase & Status have had three number one tracks on the UK Dance Char...
[ "Cook published two photographs of the land and described it thus : `` The lower coast resembled Heiberg Island , with mountains and high valleys .", "Cook published two photographs of the land and described it as follows : `` The lower coast resembled Heiberg Island , with mountains and high valleys ." ]
[ "It is now known there is no land at that location and Cook 's observations were based on either a misidentification of sea ice or an outright fabrication .", "Cook 's observations were based on either a misidentification of sea ice or an outright fabrication ." ]
[ "Bradley Land was the name Frederick Cook gave to a mass of land which he claimed to have seen between ( 84 ° 20 ′ N 102 ° 0 ′ W \\ / 84.333 ° N 102.000 ° W \\ / 84.333 ; -102.000 ) and ( 85 ° 11 ′ N 102 ° 0 ′ W \\ / 85.183 ° N 102.000 ° W \\ / 85.183 ; -102.000 ) during a 1909 expedition .", "He said , the land ...
[ "Sanna Viktoria Nielsen ( born 27 November 1984 ) is a Swedish pop singer .", "Sanna Viktoria Nielsen ( born 27 November 1984 ) is a Swedish singer ." ]
[ "During the following years Nielsen released the album Min önskejul in 1997 and the single `` Time to Say Goodbye '' in 1999 .", "During the following years Nielsen released the album Min önskejul in 1997 and the music single `` Time to Say Goodbye '' in 1999 ." ]
[ "Sanna Nielsen was born and grew up in the town of Edenryd in Bromölla Municipality , Skåne .", "Sanna Nielsen was born and grew up in Bromölla , Skåne ." ]
[ "Pope Pius IV ( 31 March 1499 - 9 December 1565 ) , born Giovanni Angelo Medici , was Pope from 25 December 1559 to his death in 1565 .", "Pope Pius IV ( Latin : Pius Quartus ; 31 March 1499 - 9 December 1565 ) , born Giovanni Angelo Medici , was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 225th Pope f...
[ "He is known for presiding over the last session of the Council of Trent .", "Pope Paul III presided over the last session of the Council of Trent which was the major event of his papacy ." ]
[ "Under Papal authority , he was sent on diplomatic missions to Germany and also to Hungary .", "Pope Leo III sent him on diplomatic missions to Germany and to Hungary ." ]
[ "Note : GP = Games played , G = Goals , A = Assists , PTS = Points , PIM = Penalties in minutes Source : NHL Note : GP = Games played ; Min - Minutes Played ; GA = Goals Against ; GAA = Goals Against Average ; W = Wins ; L = Losses ; T = Ties ; SO = Shutouts Source : NHL", "Note : GP = Games played , W = Wins , L...
[ "Sabaneta was the center of the fight against the Spanish soldiers during the Restoration War ( 1863-1865 ) .", "San Ignacio de Sabaneta was the center of the fight against the Spanish soldiers during the first period of the Restoration War ( 1863-1865 ) ." ]
[ "In 1854 , the town was elevated to the category of Military Post and in 1858 it was incorporated into a municipality of the Santiago province .", "In 1854 , the town was elevated to the category Military Post and in 1858 it became a municipality of the Santiago province ." ]
[ "San Ignacio de Sabaneta is the capital and a municipality of Santiago Rodriguez in the northwestern part of the Dominican Republic .", "San Ignacio de Sabaneta is a city and municipality in northwestern Dominican Republic ." ]
[ "Linus Carl Pauling ( February 28 , 1901 - August 19 , 1994 ) was an American chemist , biochemist , peace activist , author , and educator .", "Linus Carl Pauling ( February 28 , 1901 - August 19 , 1994 ) was an American scientist , peace activist , author and educator ." ]
[ "Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology .", "Pauling was one the first scientists to work in the fields of quantum chemistry , molecular biology and orthomolecular medicine ." ]
[ "He was one of the most influential chemists in history and ranks among the most important scientists of the 20th century .", "He was one of the most important chemists in history and ranks in the most important scientists in history ." ]
[ "For his scientific work , Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 .", "In 1954 , Pauling was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work that he did on the structure of DNA ." ]
[ "Pauling is also one of only two people to be awarded Nobel Prizes in different fields , the other being Marie Curie .", "He is one of a small group of people to have been awarded more than one Nobel Prize and is one of only two people to receive them in different fields ( the other person was Marie Curie ) and t...
[ "In 1922 , Pauling graduated from Oregon State University ( known then as Oregon Agricultural College ) with a degree in chemical engineering and went on to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology ( Caltech ) in Pasadena , California , under the guidance of Roscoe Dickinson and Richard Tolman .", ...
[ "In 1962 , for his peace activism , he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize .", "Pauling then began to talk about his worries with the effects of nuclear fallout and in 1962 , was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work against above ground nuclear testing ." ]
[ "Its historic importance is very visible by Northumberland 's ancient castles , the two World Heritage Sites of Durham Cathedral and Durham Castle , and Hadrian 's Wall .", "There are two World Heritage Sites : Durham Cathedral and Hadrian 's Wall ." ]
[ "It covers Northumberland , County Durham , Tyne and Wear , and Teesside , which is partly in North Yorkshire .", "North-East England is one of the nine official regions of England and includes the combined area of Northumberland , County Durham , Tyne and Wear and a small part of North Yorkshire ." ]
[ "He was co-author of the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897 , and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations , including transgender psychology .", "He published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations , including transgender psychology ." ]
[ "Kenneth `` Babyface '' Edmonds ( born April 10 , 1959 ) is a ten-time Grammy Award-winning American R&B musician , singer-songwriter and record producer .", "Kenneth Brian `` Babyface '' Edmonds ( born April 10 , 1959 ) is an American R&B musician ." ]
[ "Edmonds founded his record label Soda Pop Records in 2009 .", "He started a record label called Soda Pop Records in 2009 ." ]
[ "The division was created in 1984 and is named for Arthur Calwell , who was Minister for Immigration 1945-1949 and Leader of the Australian Labor Party 1960-1967 .", "It was created in 1984 and is named for Arthur Calwell , who was Minister for Immigration 1945-1949 and Leader of the Australian Labor Party 1960-1...