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[ "Mello joined David Hirshs lab in 1982 .", "Mello joined David 's lab in 1982 ." ]
[ "He does not know if he was a slow learner , or just not interested , but he did not do well in school until the seventh grade .", "He does n't know if he was a slow learner , or just not interested , but he did not do well in school until the seventh grade ." ]
[ "Some of his teachers at Brown University were Frank Rothman , Ken Miller , Susan Gerbi and Nelson Fausto .", "Some of his teachers at Brown were Frank Rothman , Ken Miller , Susan Gerbi and Nelson Fausto ." ]
[ "Mello studied biochemistry and molecular biology for his first years at Brown University .", "Mello pursued biochemistry and molecular biology as his major at Brown ." ]
[ "At this time , his older siblings were great students , so his teacher 's wanted him to do well .", "Meanwhile , his older siblings were model students , raising the teacher 's expectations for him ." ]
[ "He was awarded his B.S. from Brown University in 1982 .", "B. from Brown University in 1982 ." ]
[ "He was awarded his Ph. D. from Harvard in 1990 .", "He completed his Ph. D. from Harvard in 1990 ." ]
[ "James Mello was awarded his Ph. D. in paleontology from Yale University in 1962 .", "James Mello completed his Ph. D. in paleontology from Yale University in 1962 ." ]
[ "Professor Craig Cameron Mello ( born October 18 , 1960 ) is an American biologist and Professor of Molecular Medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical School .", "Craig Cameron Mello ( born October 18 , 1960 ) is an American biologist and Professor of Molecular Medicine at the University of Massachuset...
[ "After finishing his studies at Brown , Mello went to Boulder , Colorado for more studies .", "After completing his studies at Brown , Mello went to Boulder , Colorado for graduate studies ." ]
[ "In the yearly Howard Hughes Medical Institute Scientific Meeting held on November 13 , 2006 in Ashburn , Virginia , Professor Mello talked about the phone call that he received telling him he had won the Nobel Prize .", "In the annual Howard Hughes Medical Institute Scientific Meeting held on November 13 , 2006 ...
[ "His parents met while at the Brown University and were the first children in their families to go to college .", "His parents met while attending Brown University and were the first children in their respective families to attend college ." ]
[ "The experiment was done by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley in 1887 .", "The Michelsonâ `` Morley experiment was performed in 1887 by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley at what is now Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland , Ohio ." ]
[ "The Acropolis of Athens is the most famous acropolis .", "The Acropolis of Athens or Citadel of Athens is the best known acropolis ( Gr ." ]
[ "It is often known as The Acropolis .", "Although there are many other acropoleis in Greece , the significance of the Acropolis of Athens is such that it is commonly known as The Acropolis without qualification ." ]
[ "The Volkswagen Sharan is a automobile produced by Volkswagen in two generations since 1995 . The SEAT Alhambra and the Ford Galaxy are based on the same platform as the Sharan .", "The Volkswagen Group subsequently rebadged the Sharan in 1996 , and sold it as the SEAT Alhambra alongside the Sharan ." ]
[ "The Volkswagen Sharan is a automobile produced by Volkswagen in two generations since 1995 .", "The Volkswagen Sharan is a large MPV produced by the German automaker Volkswagen since 1995 ." ]
[ "Padua ( or ) is a province in the region of Veneto in Italy .", "The Province of Padua ( Provincia di Padova ) is a province in the Veneto region of Italy . Its capital is the city of Padua ." ]
[ "When sodium bicarbonate is heated , it releases carbon dioxide and water vapor ( gas ) and turns into sodium carbonate .", "Above 70 Â C , sodium bicarbonate gradually decomposes into sodium carbonate , water and carbon dioxide ." ]
[ "Digital forensics is a forensic science where experts look at all forms of digital media including computers , smart phones , tablet and GPS devices to solve help crime .", "Digital forensics ( sometimes Digital forensic science ) is a branch of forensic science encompassing the recovery and investigation of mat...
[ "Schwaderloch is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .", "Schwaderloch is a municipality in the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ." ]
[ "Uncle Bill â Tappyâ Tapia ( born January 1 , 1908 ) is an American musician , born in Honolulu , Hawaii . His parents were Portuguese .", "Uncle Bill â Tappyâ Tapia ( born January 1 , 1908 ) is an American musician , born in Honolulu , Hawaii , of Portuguese parents ." ]
[ "His long career started in Vaudeville and soon after he became a jazz guitarist and ukulele player . He has worked with big names such as Bing Crosby , Louis Armstrong , and Elvis Presley and has also worked with Hawaiian musicians such as King Bennie Nawahi , Sol Hoâ opiâ i and Andy Iona .", "In his long career...
[ "At age 10 , Tapia already had been a professional musician , playing â Stars and Stripes Foreverâ for World War I soldiers in Hawaii .", "At age 10 , Tapia was already a professional musician , playing â Stars and Stripes Foreverâ for World War I troops in Hawaii ." ]
[ "Advance Wars 2 : Black Hole Rising is a turn-based tactics video game made by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance game console .", "Advance Wars 2 : Black Hole Rising , known in Japan as Game Boy Wars Advance 2 is a turn-based tactics video game for the Game Boy Advance . It wa...
[ "It was later released in 2004 along with the first game as Game Boy Wars Advance 1 +2 .", "It was eventually released as Game Boy Wars Advance 1 +2 in 2004 , bundled with Black Hole Rising ." ]
[ "It is the sequel to Advance Wars , also for the Game Boy Advance .", "After the success of Advance Wars , Intelligent Systems , the company that created the original game , began designing a sequel to Advance Wars ." ]
[ "It is the sequel to Advance Wars , also for the Game Boy Advance . Neither were released on schedule in Japan because of the September 11 attacks .", "In Japan , the release of the original Advance Wars game was indefinitely postponed due to the September 11 , 2001 , attacks ." ]
[ "They are found in all marine waters from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions .", "They are found in all marine waters , from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions ." ]
[ "Despite the huge numbers , there are only about 120 modern species in 20 genera .", "There are more than 120 modern species assigned to over 20 genera ." ]
[ "About 20 % of the known species are benthic and can attach to algae or rocks .", "About 20 % of the known species are benthic , that is belonging to the lowest zone of the ocean , or benthic zone , and can attach to algae and rocks ." ]
[ "Complete body fossils have been described from China , and the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia .", "Complete body fossils have been formally described from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of Yunnan , China ( Eognathacantha ercainella Chen & Huang and Protosagitta spinosa Hu ) and the Midd...
[ "The Metropolitan Cammell Carriage and Wagon Company ( MCCW ) was a manufacturer of railway carriages and wagons . They were based in Saltley - and later Washwood Heath - in Birmingham , England .", "The Metropolitan Cammell Carriage and Wagon Company ( MCCW ) was a Birmingham , England based manufacturer of rail...
[ "Freeware is software that people may get without paying for it .", "Freeware ( from `` free '' and `` software '' ) is computer software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee , but usually with one or more restricted usage rights . Freeware is in contrast to commercial software , which is t...
[ "This template creates a header to be used with succession boxes .", "This template creates a header to be used with succession boxes for people with notable achievements ." ]
[ "Termites and cockroaches are very closely related , with ecological and molecular data pointing to a relationship with the cockroach genus Cryptocercus .", "Termites and cockroaches are very closely related , with ecological and molecular data pointing to a relationship with the cockroach genus Cryptocercus ( Lo...
[ "The term Dictyoptera is usually considered a superorder , with Isoptera , Blattaria and Mantodea being its three orders .", "It is usually considered a superorder , with Isoptera , Blattaria and Mantodea being its three orders ." ]
[ "If the Dictyoptera are a superorder they might be included in it .", "If the Dictyoptera are considered a superorder these three orders might be included in it ( Cameron et al . , 2006 ) ." ]
[ "Based on genetic evidence , the closest living relatives of the Dictyoptera are the phasmids .", "Based on genetic evidence , the closest living relatives of the Dictyoptera are the phasmids and the enigmatic groups Mantophasmatodea and Grylloblattodea ." ]
[ "Dictyoptera includes three orders of insects -- cockroaches ( Blattaria ) , termites ( Isoptera ) and mantids ( Mantodea ) .", "Dictyoptera includes three groups of polyneopterous insects - cockroaches ( Blattaria ) , termites ( Isoptera ) and mantids ( Mantodea ) ." ]
[ "Masanori Tokita ( born 24 June 1925 - died 5 March 2004 ) is a former Japanese football player .", "Masanori Tokita ( June 24 , 1925 -- March 5 , 2004 ) was a Japanese football player ." ]
[ "It is the largest police department in the Midwest and the second largest in the United States after the New York City Police Department with over 13,600 sworn officers and over 2,600 other employees .", "It is the largest police department in the Midwest and the second largest local law enforcement agency in th...
[ "The Chicago Police Department , also known as the CPD , is the main law enforcement agency of the City of Chicago , Illinois , in the United States , under the jurisdiction of the city mayor .", "The Chicago Police Department , also known as the CPD , is the principal law enforcement agency of the City of Chicag...
[ "The cecum is a part of the large intestine . It is comes before the colon and after the ileum in the gastrointestinal system .", "The connection between the end of the small intestine ( ileum ) and the start of the colon ( cecum ) is now clearly understood , but the name has not changed ." ]
[ "Ve ( Ð ' , Ð ) is the third letter of the Cyrillic alphabet .", "Ve ( Ð ' Ð ; italics : Ð ' Ð ) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet ." ]
[ "Ve ( Ð ' , Ð ) is the third letter of the Cyrillic alphabet . It is said as ( v ) .", "Ve and the Cyrillic letter Be ( Ð ` Ð ) were both derived from the Greek letter Beta ( Î ' Î ) , which already represented \\/ v \\/ in Greek by the time the Cyrillic alphabet was created ." ]
[ "Sons-et-Ronch à res is a commune .", "Sons-et-Ronch à res is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ." ]
[ "It also called blaeberry , whortleberry , whinberry , myrtle blueberry , fraughan , and probably other names in different regions of the world .", "As well as `` bilberry '' , these include blaeberry ( or ) , whortleberry , ( ground ) hurts , whinberry , winberry , windberry , wimberry , myrtle blueberry and fra...
[ "In Thomas Hardy 's 1878 book , The Return of the Native , they were called black-hearts in 19th century southern England .", "The berries were called black-hearts in 19th century south-western England , according to Thomas Hardy 's 1878 novel , The Return of the Native ." ]
[ "It is a member of the genus Vaccinium . The bilberry is known by many names .", "Bilberry ( especially Vaccinium myrtillus ) is known by a very wide range of local names ." ]
[ "Aberdeen was made in 1816 along the north shore of the Ohio River , at a site where a ferry was in service .", "Aberdeen was founded in 1816 on the north shore of the Ohio River , at the site where a ferry had sprung up at the terminus of Zane 's Trace ." ]
[ "Aberdeen is a village of Brown County , Ohio , United States , along the Ohio River .", "Aberdeen is a village in Brown County , Ohio , United States , along the Ohio River ." ]
[ "The population is 1,603 people as of 2000 .", "The population was 1,603 at the 2000 census ." ]
[ "The village has an area of 1.7 square miles .", "According to the United States Census Bureau , the village has a total area of 1.7 square miles ( 4.4 km ) , of which , 1.4 square miles ( 3.7 km ) of it is land and 0.3 square miles ( 0.7 km ) of it ( 16.47 % ) is water ." ]
[ "An aqueduct is a man-made channel that carries water from one place to another . Usually , they are used to be the water supply of cities and towns .", "An aqueduct is a water supply or navigable channel ( conduit ) constructed to convey water ." ]
[ "Pipes , canals , tunnels , and bridges that serve this purpose are all called aqueducts .", "In modern engineering , the term is used for any system of pipes , ditches , canals , tunnels , and other structures used for this purpose ." ]
[ "Some aqueducts also hold boats and ships .", "Large navigable aqueducts are used as transport links for boats or ships ." ]
[ "Aqueducts have been used since ancient times .", "Another use for aqueducts is to supply large cities with drinking water . Some of the Roman aqueducts still supply water to Rome today ." ]
[ "Hattusa itself was destroyed , its site only re-occupied by a Phrygian fortress some 500 years later .", "Hattusa itself was destroyed by fire , its site only re-occupied by a Phrygian fortress some 500 years later ." ]
[ "Suppiluliuma II , the son of Tudhaliya IV , was the last known king of the New Kingdom of the Hittite Empire , ruling 1207 BCE -- c. 1178 BCE , contemporary with Tukulti-Ninurta I of Assyira .", "Suppiluliuma II , the son of Tudhaliya IV , was the last known king of the New Kingdom of the Hittite Empire , ruling...
[ "An interchange is a location where two things meet . They usually perform some kind of exchange ( trade ) , and possibly go on their ways again .", "An interchange is a location where two things meet , usually perform some kind of exchange , and possibly go on their ways again ." ]
[ "A philosopher who approached technology from a deterministic viewpoint . Ellu was professor at the University of Bordeaux , authored some 40 books and hundreds of articles over his lifetime , the dominant theme of which has been the threat to human freedom and Christian faith created by modern technology Ellu spok...
[ "Jacques Ellul ( January 6 1912 -- May 19 1994 ) was a French philosopher , sociologist , theologian , and Christian anarchist .", "Jacques Ellul ( January 6 , 1912 â `` May 19 , 1994 ) was a French philosopher , law professor , sociologist , lay theologian , and Christian anarchist ." ]
[ "He wrote several books about the `` technological society '' , and about Christianity and politics , such as Anarchy and Christianity ( 1991 ) - anarchism and Christianity are socially following the same goal .", "He wrote several books about the `` technological society '' and the interaction between Christiani...
[ "Jake Abel ( born Jacob Allen Abel on November 18 , 1987 in Canton , Ohio ) is an American actor .", "Jacob Allen `` Jake '' Abel ( born November 18 , 1987 ) is an American actor ." ]
[ "In 1520 , he was condemned for heresy by the papal bull Exsurge Domine , which he burned at Wittenburg along with books of canon law .", "In 1520 , he was condemned for heresy by the papal bull Exsurge Domine , which he burned at Wittenberg along with books of canon law ." ]
[ "The Investiture Controversy , also known as the lay investiture controversy , was the most important conflict between secular and religious powers in medieval Europe .", "The Investiture Controversy , or Lay investiture controversy , was the most significant conflict between secular and religious powers in medie...
[ "It centered on reviving the spirituality of established congregations , and mostly affected Congregational , Presbyterian , Dutch Reformed , German Reformed , Baptist , and Methodist churches , while also spreading within the slave population .", "It centred on reviving the spirituality of established congregati...
[ "There were other crusades against Islamic forces in southern Spain , southern Italy , and Sicily , as well as the campaigns of Teutonic knights against pagan strongholds in Eastern Europe , and ( to a much lesser extent ) crusades within Christendom against heretical groups .", "There were other crusades against...
[ "As a symbol of the compromise , lay authorities invested bishops with their secular authority symbolized by the lance , and ecclesiastical authorities invested bishops with their spiritual authority symbolized by the ring and the staff .", "As a symbol of the compromise , lay authorities invested bishops with th...
[ "The Holy Land had been part of the Roman Empire , and thus Byzantine Empire , until the Islamic conquests of the seventh and eighth centuries .", "The Holy Land had been part of the Roman Empire , and thus Byzantine Empire , until the Islamic conquests of the 7th and 8th centuries ." ]
[ "The end of lay investiture meant an important loss of royal power , for the benefit Church reform , as the pope intended , and for ambitious noblemen as well .", "The end of lay investiture threatened to undercut the power of the Empire and the ambitions of noblemen for the benefit of Church reform ." ]
[ "Thus , fundamentalism sought to reestablish tenants that could not be denied without relinquishing a Christian identity , the `` fundamentals '' : the Bible as God ` s word , viewed as the sole source of authority , the virgin birth of Christ , the doctrine of atonement through Jesus , the bodily resurrection of J...
[ "Obviously , this ecclesiology it at variance with other groups that indeed consider themselves to be `` the Church '' .", "Obviously , this ecclesiology is at variance with other groups that indeed consider themselves to be `` the Church . ''" ]
[ "He exerted a remarkable amount of authority in the city and over the city council , such that he has ( rather ignominiously ) been called a `` Protestant pope '' .", "He exerted a remarkable amount of authority in the city and over the city council , such that he has ( rather ignominiously ) been called a `` Pro...
[ "Restorationism refers to various unaffiliated movements that considered contemporary Christianity , in all its forms , to be a deviation from the true , original Christianity , which these groups then attempted to `` Reconstruct '' , often using the Book of Acts as a `` guidebook '' or sorts .", "Restorationism ...
[ "Though the majority of Protestant church leaders in Germany made little comment on the Nazis ' growing anti-Jewish activities , some , such as Dietrich Bonhoeffer ( a Lutheran pastor ) were strongly opposed to the Nazis .", "Though many Protestant church leaders in Germany supported the Nazis ' growing anti-Jewi...
[ "Perhaps the most important council was the Council of Chalcedon that affirmed that Christ had two natures , fully God and fully man , at the same time .", "The Council of Chalcedon that affirmed that Christ had two natures , fully God and fully man , distinct yet always in perfect union ." ]
[ "Eventually , the failure of the Empire to send aid resulted in the popes turning for support from other sources , most especially the Franks .", "Eventually the popes turned to others for support , especially the Franks ." ]
[ "The following campaigns were more or less successful , and the Imperial Exarchate was established in Ravenna for Italy , but imperial influence was often limited .", "The subsequent campaigns were more or less successful , and an Imperial Exarchate was established for Italy , but imperial influence was limited ....
[ "The Second Great Awakening ( 1800 â `` 1830s ) , unlike the first , focused on the unchurched and sought to instill in them a deep sense of personal salvation as experienced in revival meetings .", "The Second Great Awakening ( 1800 -- 1830s ) , unlike the first , focused on the unchurched and sought to instil i...
[ "Henry VI 's rejection of the decree lead to his excommunication and a ducal revolt ; eventually Henry received absolution after dramatic public penance barefoot in Alpine snow and cloaked in a hairshirt ( see Walk to Canossa ) , though the revolt and conflict of investiture continued .", "Henry IV 's rejection o...
[ "The doctrines of the apostles brought the Early Church into conflict with some Jewish religious authorities , and this eventually led to the martyrdom of SS .", "The doctrines of the apostles brought the Early Church into conflict with some Jewish religious authorities ." ]
[ "That meant that Monophysitism was condemned .", "Thus , it condemned Monophysitism and would be influential in refuting Monothelitism ." ]
[ "The movement can be distinguished into Catholic and Protestant movements , with the latter characterized by a redefined ecclesiology of `` denominationalism '' ( which the Catholic Church , among others , rejects ) .", "The movement can be distinguished into Catholic and Protestant movements , with the latter ch...
[ "England then experienced a period of frenetic and eclectic reforms , some more radical and others more traditional , under monarchs such as Edward VI and Elizabeth I , and Archbishops of Canterbury such as Thomas Cranmer and William Laud .", "England would later experience periods of frenetic and eclectic reform...
[ "That was the case with Stephen and James , son of Zebedee .", "This involved even death for Christians such as Stephen and James , son of Zebedee ." ]
[ "Stephen and James the Great and expulsion from the synagogues .", "This eventually led to their expulsion from the synagogues ." ]
[ "The relationship between Nazism and Protestantism , especially the German Lutheran Church , is complex .", "The relationship between Nazism and Protestantism , especially the German Lutheran Church , was complex ." ]
[ "Fundamentalist Christianity , is a movement that arose mainly within British and American Protestantism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in reaction to modernism and certain liberal Protestant groups that denied doctrines considered fundamental to Christianity yet still called themselves `` Christian '' ....
[ "The two Councils of Niceaea ( 324 , 382 ) condemned the Arian heresy and produced a creed ( see Nicene Creed ) .", "The two Councils of Nicaea ( 325 , 382 ) condemned Arian teachings as heresy and produced the Nicene Creed ." ]
[ "The three most important traditions to emerge directly from the Protestant Reformation were the Lutheran , Reformed ( Calvinist , Presbyterian , etc. ) , and Anglican traditions , though the latter group identifies as both `` Reformed '' and `` Catholic '' , and some subgroups reject the classification as `` Prote...
[ "Thus the popes , out of necessity , found themselves feeding the city with grain from papal estates , negotiating treaties , paying protection money to Lombard warlords , and , failing that , hiring soldiers to defend the city .", "The failure of the East to send aid resulted in the popes themselves feeding the ...
[ "The Western Schism , or Papal Schism , was a prolonged period of crisis in Latin Christendom from 1378 to 1416 , when there were two or more claimants to the See of Rome and thus it was difficult to discern who the true Pope was .", "The Western Schism , or Papal Schism , was a prolonged period of crisis in Lati...
[ "According to Church tradition , it was under Nero 's persecution that the saints Peter and Paul became martyrs in Rome .", "According to Church tradition , it was under Nero 's persecution that Peter and Paul were each martyred in Rome ." ]
[ "`` Ecumenism '' is derived from Greek ' ( oikoumene ) , which means `` the inhabited world '' , but more figuratively something like `` universal oneness '' .", "`` Ecumenism '' is derived from Greek ( oikoumene ) , which means `` the inhabited world '' , but more figuratively something like `` universal oneness...
[ "The Council of Ephesus condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the Blessed Virgin Mary to be Theotokos ( `` God-bearer '' or `` Mother of God '' ) .", "The Council of Ephesus condemned Nestorianism and affirmed Mary to be Theotokos ( `` God-bearer '' or `` Mother of God '' ) ." ]
[ "The Magisterial Reformation involved the alliance of certain theological teachers ( Latin : magistri ) such as Luther , Zwingli , Calvin , Cramner , etc. with secular magistrates who cooperated in the reformation of Christendom .", "The Magisterial Reformation involved the alliance of certain theological teacher...
[ "For 250 years there were times when Christians suffered from persecutions , because they refused to worship the Roman emperor .", "For 250 years Christians suffered from sporadic persecutions for their refusal to worship the Roman emperor , considered treasonous and punishable by execution ." ]
[ "Ecumenical movements within Protestantism have focused on determining a list of doctrines and practices essential to being Christian and thus extending to all groups which fulfill these basic criteria a ( more or less ) co-equal status , with perhaps one 's own group still retaining a `` first among equal '' stand...