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eb5f1b59e77387e5915d12a6d608658a7a0cd796
alexvatti/interview-skills
/test-python-skills/pandas/learn-explore/ex_pandas_05.py
846
3.96875
4
#pandas leaning #converting data frame to series #behaviour or methods #exercise 05: delete a columns of mentioned column names using drop menthod import sys sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python3.4') sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python3.4/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu') sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python3.4/lib-dynload') sys.path.append('/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages') sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages') import pandas as pd col =['city', 'colors_Reported', 'shape_Reported', 'state', 'time'] movies = pd.read_csv("http://bit.ly/uforeports") print(type(movies)) print(movies.columns) movies.columns = col print(movies.columns) print(movies.dtypes) movies.drop("colors_Reported",axis=1,inplace=True) print(movies.columns) print(movies.head()) movies.drop(['city','state'],axis=1,inplace=True) print(movies.columns) print(movies.head())
77aba8b4395e090cf55d4d34bf53b54885c9617b
chenjunyuan1996/Java-Practice
/day67/findNumberIn2DArray.py
1,270
3.640625
4
# 暴力遍历 # class Solution: # def findNumberIn2DArray(self, matrix: List[List[int]], target: int) -> bool: # for row in matrix: # if target in row: # return True # return False # 从左下方开始搜索 class Solution: def findNumberIn2DArray(self, matrix: List[List[int]], target: int) -> bool: if not matrix or not matrix[0]: return False rows, cols = len(matrix), len(matrix[0]) n, m = rows - 1, 0 while n >= 0 and m < cols: if matrix[n][m] == target: return True elif matrix[n][m] > target: n -= 1 elif matrix[n][m] < target: m += 1 return False # 剪枝, 从右上开始搜索 # class Solution: # def findNumberIn2DArray(self, matrix: List[List[int]], target: int) -> bool: # if not matrix or not matrix[0]: return False # rows, cols = len(matrix), len(matrix[0]) # n, m = 0, cols - 1 # while n < rows and m >=0: # if matrix[n][m] == target: # return True # elif matrix[n][m] > target: # m -= 1 # elif matrix[n][m] < target: # n += 1 # return False
16f325d116645341c3e81cb87f3ccf392603918a
RaffaeleFiorillo/Challanges
/flatten_arguments.py
1,169
4.4375
4
# This function takes all the arguments passed and returns them in a list # al the elements contained in arrays and sub-arrays passed as arguments are extracted and just the values inside them # are passed into the list that will be returned def flatten(*args): unchecked = True # checks if arguments were changed in the last iteration of the following while loop while unchecked: arguments = [] # This is the list were all the values that are not lists go unchecked = False # variable is set to False so that the loop can finish for arg in args: if type(arg) == list: # checks if the current value of the arguments is a list for a in arg: # if it is a list, it iterates between his elements and puts them into the argument list arguments.append(a) unchecked = True # if a list is found, all the unpacked elements must be checked too else: arguments.append(arg) args = arguments[:] # the value of args is updated for the next iteration return arguments print(flatten(['hello',2,['text',[4,5]]],[[]],'[list]')) # test case
ea409a5a1e3c5e13bba5ea89a27ea460bcc9a039
UzairJ99/PythonLeetCode
/N-aryTreePostOrderTraversal.py
642
3.75
4
class Node: def __init__(self, val, children): self.val = val self.children = children class Solution: def postorder(self, root): nodes = [root] #return values output = [] if root is None: return None #DFS while len(nodes) > 0: node = nodes.pop() #place this value into our return list output.append(node.val) #add the children nodes += node.children #reverse our output list which makes it postorder traversal output = output[::-1] return output
5e6e6aeda0cc96624c037853ecbb55d50f811182
Yucheng7713/CodingPracticeByYuch
/Medium/529_mineSweeper.py
1,865
3.8125
4
class Solution: # Check the number of adjacent mines around the given position def checkAdjacentMines(self, row, col, board): mine_count = 0 for i, j in (row + 1, col), (row + 1, col + 1), (row + 1, col - 1), (row, col + 1), (row, col - 1), (row - 1, col - 1), (row - 1, col + 1), (row - 1, col): if i >= 0 and i < len(board) and j >= 0 and j < len(board[0]): if board[i][j] == 'M': mine_count += 1 return mine_count def reveal(self, row, col, board): # Stop recursion if row < 0 or row >= len(board) or col < 0 or col >= len(board[0]) or board[row][col] != 'E': return # Check if there is any adjacent mine existed n = self.checkAdjacentMines(row, col, board) if n > 0: # If there is, update the entry to digit board[row][col] = str(n) else: # If there isn't, update the entry to 'B' and keep recursion board[row][col] = 'B' self.reveal(row + 1, col, board) self.reveal(row - 1, col, board) self.reveal(row, col + 1, board) self.reveal(row, col - 1, board) self.reveal(row + 1, col + 1, board) self.reveal(row + 1, col - 1, board) self.reveal(row - 1, col + 1, board) self.reveal(row - 1, col - 1, board) def updateBoard(self, board: List[List[str]], click: List[int]) -> List[List[str]]: clicked = board[click[0]][click[1]] if clicked == 'M': board[click[0]][click[1]] = 'X' else: self.reveal(click[0], click[1], board) return board board = [['E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E'], ['E', 'E', 'M', 'E', 'E'], ['E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E'], ['E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E']] click = [3, 0] print(Solution().updateBoard(board, click))
0cdffa91d0ff4230d6c4b3f921132e7bf8401f53
Rkozik/gitlab-change-log-generator
/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/GitReleaseNotesGenerator-0.1-py3.7.egg/GitReleaseNotesGenerator/translations/translation.py
831
3.78125
4
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod class Translation: __metaclass__ = ABCMeta def __init__(self, phrase: str): self.phrase = phrase @abstractmethod def verify(self) -> bool: """ Determines whether or not the translation is necessary. :return: """ pass @abstractmethod def translate(self): """ Transforms a foreign phrase into a native phrase. :return: """ pass def apply(self): """ Preforms the translation if it needs to happen. :return: """ return self.translate() if self.verify() else self.phrase @abstractmethod def __regex(self, phrase: str): """ Regular expressions used in content parsing :return: """ pass
cf333c57a2bae842197a4a4c3cc7a3e31c1430b3
llanoxdewa/python
/pythonEXCEPTION/latihan.py
341
3.875
4
try: print('masukan angka bilangan bulat positif') angka = int(input('\n>>')) if angka < 0: raise ValueError('input harus bilangan bulat positif') else: print(angka) except ValueError as e: while(angka < 0): print(e) angka = int(input('\n>>')) else: print(angka)
230eecd75ad0246d33f240779fc36823803cb32e
DaphneKouts/NCWIT
/rock paper scissors.py
870
3.765625
4
#Daphne Koutsoukos def RPS(): import random choices = ["rock","paper","scissors"] computerChoice = random.choice(choices) player = raw_input("Pick rock, paper, or scissors: ") if player == computerChoice: return "Tie" elif computerChoice == "rock" and player == "paper": return "You win, computer chose rock" elif computerChoice == "rock" and player == "scissors": return "Computer wins, computer chose rock" elif computerChoice == "scissors" and player == "rock": return "You win, computer chose scissors" elif computerChoice == "scissors" and player == "paper": return "Computer wins, computer chose scissors" elif computerChoice == "paper" and player == "rock": return "Computer wins, computer chose paper" else: return "You win, computer chose paper"
02f4b56542cd66922351a660c2d07e25dc012ff0
HoseungJang/py-HxD
/src/modules/byte.py
144
3.59375
4
def reverseBytes(byte): reversedBytes = '' for i in range(8, 0, -2): reversedBytes += byte[i-2:i] return reversedBytes
2ba7dafa404a7d8f8bc71e004953cde395ce618c
zhenglaizhang/da-quest
/survey.py
1,509
3.625
4
import csv import pprint data_path = "./survey.csv" def run(): male_set = {'male', 'm'} female_set = {'female', 'f'} # value is list with 2 elements, 1st element is result of female, 2nd element is the result of male's result = {} with open(data_path, newline='') as csv_file: rows = csv.reader(csv_file) for i, row in enumerate(rows): if i == 0: continue if i % 50 == 0: print("processing row {}".format(i)) # raw data gender_val = row[2] country_val = row[3] # cleaning gender_val = gender_val.lower().replace(' ', '') country_val = country_val.lower() if country_val not in result: result[country_val] = [0, 0] if gender_val in female_set: result[country_val][0] += 1 elif gender_val in male_set: result[country_val][1] += 1 else: # noise data # pass print("unknown gender_val: {}", gender_val) pprint.pprint(result) with open('survey_result1.csv', 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as csv_file: writer = csv.writer(csv_file, delimiter=',') writer.writerow(['Country', 'Male', 'Female']) for k, v in list(result.items()): writer.writerow([k, v[0], v[1]]) if __name__ == '__main__': run()
1c2b1aab4fd8981d73c56f3e6bf8a2bf81e003fa
Minkov/python-fundamentals-sept-2019
/dicts/3_statistics.py
1,048
3.65625
4
def read_until_command(end_command): lines = [] while True: line = input() if line == end_command: break lines.append(line) return lines def print_quantities(quantities_dict): print('Products in stock:') for (product, quantity) in quantities_dict.items(): print(f'- {product}: {quantity}') print(f'Total Products: {len(quantities_dict)}') print(f'Total Quantity: {sum(quantities_dict.values())}') def get_products_quantities_dict(lines): quantities_dict = {} for line in lines: (product, quantity_str) = line.split(': ') if product not in quantities_dict: quantities_dict[product] = 0 quantities_dict[product] += int(quantity_str) return quantities_dict def solve(lines): quantities_dict = get_products_quantities_dict(lines) print_quantities(quantities_dict) lines = read_until_command('statistics') # lines = ['bread: 4', 'cheese: 2', 'ham: 1', 'bread: 1'] solve(lines)
b28ca9045d61e9a5f4ade4f0e0d193b773ab19d6
ngladkoff/2019FDI
/while.py
178
3.875
4
mayor = 0 numero = 0 indice = 0 while indice < 10: numero = int(input("nro:")) if numero > mayor: mayor= numero indice = indice + 1 print("mayor: ", mayor)
5f31bed7df6fcd2cc5cdc5bc737ca4b5acc35b7d
taitujing123/my_leetcode
/047_permuteUnique.py
1,089
3.859375
4
""" 给定一个可包含重复数字的序列,返回所有不重复的全排列。 示例: 输入: [1,1,2] 输出: [ [1,1,2], [1,2,1], [2,1,1] ] 来源:力扣(LeetCode) 链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/permutations-ii 著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权,非商业转载请注明出处。 """ class Solution(object): def permuteUnique(self, nums): """ :type nums: List[int] :rtype: List[List[int]] """ res = [] if len(num) == 0: return res self.permute(res, num, 0) return res def permute(self, res, num, index): if index == len(num): res.append(list(num)) return appeared = set() for i in range(index, len(num)): if num[i] in appeared: continue appeared.add(num[i]) num[i], num[index] = num[index], num[i] self.permute(res, num, index + 1) num[i], num[index] = num[index], num[i]
2f022869374b48c916c97916530dbf5c5d4011ac
martinyangcp/learning-python
/03CHAPTER_Random,If,While,For/practice1-3.py
215
3.53125
4
import random first=random.randint(1,100) second=random.randint(1,100) answer=int(input(str(first)+"-"+str(second)+"=")) if answer == first-second : print("맞았습니다.") else: print("틀렸습니다.")
81ac33dff34b158a13d8e046e6f6619dca7a5e98
DoggLow/SoloLearnPython
/OOP/oop1.py
4,091
4.65625
5
#Object Oriented Programming ############################################################# ############################################################# ############################################################# ######## Examples from solo Learn ####### class Animal: def __init__(self, name, color): self.name = name self.color = color class Cat(Animal): def purr(self): print("Purr...") class Dog(Animal): def bark(self): print("Woof!") fido = Dog("Fido", "brown") print(fido.color) fido.bark() class A: def firstMethod(self): print("A method") class B(A): def secondMethod(self): print("B method") class C(B): def thirdMethod(self): print("C method") ctest = C() ctest.firstMethod() ctest.secondMethod() ctest.thirdMethod() ## Magic Methods ## # #Magic methods are special methods which have double underscores at the beginning and end of their names. #They are also known as dunders. #So far, the only one we have encountered is __init__, but there are several others. #They are used to create functionality that can't be represented as a normal method. # #One common use of them is operator overloading. #This means defining operators for custom classes that allow operators such as + and * to be used on them. #An example magic method is __add__ for +. #class Vector2D: # def __init__(self, x, y): # self.x = x # self.y = y # def __add__(self, other): # return Vector2D(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y) # #first = Vector2D(5, 7) #second = Vector2D(3, 9) #result = first + second #print(result.x) #print(result.y) # #Magic Methods # #More magic methods for common operators: #__sub__ for - #__mul__ for * #__truediv__ for / #__floordiv__ for // #__mod__ for % #__pow__ for ** #__and__ for & #__xor__ for ^ #__or__ for | # #The expression x + y is translated into x.__add__(y). #However, if x hasn't implemented __add__, and x and y are of different types, then y.__radd__(x) is called. #There are equivalent r methods for all magic methods just mentioned.Magic Methods # #More magic methods for common operators: #__sub__ for - #__mul__ for * #__truediv__ for / #__floordiv__ for // #__mod__ for % #__pow__ for ** #__and__ for & #__xor__ for ^ #__or__ for | # #The expression x + y is translated into x.__add__(y). #However, if x hasn't implemented __add__, and x and y are of different types, then y.__radd__(x) is called. #There are equivalent r methods for all magic methods just mentioned. ############################################################# ############################################################# ############################################################# class MyAnimal: #Class = object def __init__(self, color, legs): # most important method of a class, always include it self.color = color self.legs = legs def setColor(color): self.color = color def speak(): print("I am an animal, I don't speak") self.lang = None class Feline(MyAnimal): specie = "feline" def __init__(self,name,theType): self.name = name self.theType = theType self.legs =4 def color(self,color): super.setColor(color) def speak(self): print("All cats purr!") self.lang = "purr" def speak(self,lang): self.lang = lang print(lang) simba = Feline("Simba","Lion") simba.color("yellow") print(simba.color) simba.speak() simba.speak("roar") class Vehicle: def information(self): """ Speed = how fast the vehicle goes wheels = number of wheels fuel = How much fuel per hour it consumes """ def __init__(self): speed = 100 wheels = 4 fuel = 40 wings = False def __init__(self,speed, wheels, wings, fuel): self.speed = speed self.wheels = wheels self.wings = wings def maxdistance(): maxdistance = (speed/fuel) class Plane(Vehicle): def fly(self): print("The plane is flying") jet = Plane() jet.wings = True print (jet.fly())
d406142d698fc9eb3f95ef5243013da10a4f1a0e
IreneArapogiorgi/Algo-Assignments
/network_destruction/network_destruction.py
8,672
3.9375
4
from collections import deque import argparse # Extract file's nodes in list def extract_nodes(file): # Open and read given file with open(file, 'r') as file: # Extract file's lines & each line's nodes in list lines = [line.strip('\n') for line in file.readlines()] nodes = [node.split(" ") for node in lines] return nodes # Create graph def create_graph(nodes): graph = {} for node in nodes: if int(node[0]) not in graph: graph[int(node[0])] = [] if int(node[1]) not in graph: graph[int(node[1])] = [] graph[int(node[0])].append(int(node[1])) graph[int(node[1])].append(int(node[0])) return graph # Calculate each node's degree def find_degree(graph): degree = [] for key, adjacencylist in sorted(graph.items()): degree.append(len(adjacencylist)) return degree # Immunize network based on the degree of each node def immunize_by_degree(graph, degree, num_nodes): # Initialize removed_nodes list which stores nodes removed & their degree removed_nodes = [] for i in range(num_nodes): max_degree = max(degree) # Find & remove node with maximum degree # # In case of multiple nodes having the maximum degree, remove the smallest one # To achieve that, we iterate the sorted graph for key, adjacencylist in sorted(graph.items()): if degree[key-1] == max_degree: # Store removed node in variable removed removed = key # Set removed node to have no neighbors graph[key] = [] # Set removed node's degree to -1 which could not be found in list degree degree[key-1] = -1 break # Delete removed node from adjacencylists when found & decrease degree when needed for key, adjacencylist in sorted(graph.items()): if removed in adjacencylist: degree[key-1] -= 1 adjacencylist.remove(removed) # List removed_nodes stores all nodes removed from graph and their degree removed_nodes.append([removed, max_degree]) return removed_nodes # Before we go into immunizing the network based on the collective influence (ci) of each node, # we need to implement the following functions: find_path_length(), ball_sum(), affected_nodes() & calculate_ci() # Find the minimum path length starting from each node until we reach node i of the graph # # Function is based on BFS algorithm def find_path_length(graph, size, i): # Initialize path_length list which stores the minimum distance between each node of the graph and given node i path_length = [0] * size # Find path length for each node of the graph # # n corresponds to each node of the graph # range(size) is equal to the total number of nodes in graph for n in range(size): # Initialize visited & inqueue lists visited = [False] * size inqueue = [False] * size # Initialize dist list which stores the distance between the starting node n and each neighbor dist = [0] * size # Create a new queue with deque() function q = deque() # Queue named q stores nodes we visit # # We append n+1 because graph's nodes start with 1, 2, ... while variable n with 0, 1, ... but corresponds to 1, 2, ... q.append(n+1) inqueue[n] = True while q: c = q.pop() inqueue[c-1] = False visited[c-1] = True # While loop stops when we reach node i passed as a parameter # # path_length[n] is the minimum distance between node n and i if c == i: path_length[n] = dist[i-1] break for neighbor in graph[c]: if not visited[neighbor-1] and not inqueue[neighbor-1]: q.appendleft(neighbor) inqueue[neighbor-1] = True # Each time we visit a node's neighbor, we set or update the neighbor's path length by adding 1 to its predecessor's if dist[neighbor-1] == 0 or dist[neighbor-1] > dist[c-1] + 1: dist[neighbor-1] = dist[c-1] + 1 return path_length # Find the sum of (kj-1) for each j with path length equal to r # # Disclaimer: kj is equal to degree[j] def ball_sum(graph, degree, i, r): ball_sum = 0 # Find path length starting from each node until we reach node i+1 # # We pass i+1 because graph's nodes start with 1, 2, ... while variable i with 0, 1, ... but corresponds to 1, 2, ... path_length = find_path_length(graph, len(degree), i+1) for j, length in enumerate(path_length): if length == r: ball_sum += degree[j] - 1 return ball_sum # Find nodes affected from removing key i # # Affected nodes have path length equal to or less than r+1 passed in function as parameter r def affected_nodes(graph, size, i, r): affected = [] # Find path length starting from each node until we reach node i, which is the removed one path_length = find_path_length(graph, size, i) for j, length in enumerate(path_length): if length <= r + 1: affected.append(j) return affected # Calculate collective influence of given node def calculate_ci(graph, degree, node, r): # For removed nodes, whose degree[i] == -1, set ci to -1 if degree[node] == -1: return -1 else: return (degree[node] - 1) * ball_sum(graph, degree, node, r) # Immunize network based on the collective influence (ci) of each node def immunize_by_ci(graph, degree, r, num_nodes): # Initialize removed_nodes list which stores nodes removed & their ci removed_nodes = [] # Initialize ci list which stores each node's collective influence ci = [0] * len(graph) # Calculate collective influence of graph's nodes for node in range(len(ci)): ci[node] = calculate_ci(graph, degree, node, r) for i in range(num_nodes): max_ci = max(ci) # Find & remove node with maximum ci # # In case of multiple nodes having the maximum ci, we remove the smallest one # To achieve that, we iterate the sorted graph for key, adjacencylist in sorted(graph.items()): if ci[key-1] == max_ci: # Store removed node in variable removed removed = key # Set removed node to have no neighbors graph[key] = [] # Set removed node's degree to -1 which could not be found in list degree degree[key-1] = -1 break # Delete removed node from adjacencylists when found & decrease degree when needed for key, adjacencylist in sorted(graph.items()): if removed in adjacencylist: degree[key-1] -= 1 adjacencylist.remove(removed) # Update collective influence of affected nodes for node in affected_nodes(graph, len(degree), removed, r): ci[node] = calculate_ci(graph, degree, node, r) # List removed_nodes stores all nodes removed from graph and their ci removed_nodes.append([removed, max_ci]) return removed_nodes # Main function def main(): # Retrieve arguments passed on command line # # Optional argument -c means that we immunize the network by degree # Optional argument -r means that we immunize the network by collective influence # # Argument num_nodes stores the number of nodes to be removed # Argument input_file stores nodes' links parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("-c", "--degree", action='store_true', help="immunize by degree") parser.add_argument("-r", "--radius", type=int, help="radius") parser.add_argument("num_nodes", type=int, help="nodes to be removed") parser.add_argument("input_file", help="nodes' links") args = parser.parse_args() nodes = extract_nodes(args.input_file) graph = create_graph(nodes) degree = find_degree(graph) # Immunize the network based on the given arguments if args.degree: removed_nodes = immunize_by_degree(graph, degree, args.num_nodes) else: removed_nodes = immunize_by_ci(graph, degree, args.radius, args.num_nodes) # Print both nodes removed & their degree/ci for node in removed_nodes: print(*node) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
665b594e9b30d6ebbea1396a12aebaf80a5d8d3f
Wuskysong/python01_-
/python_one_learn/day08/review.py
753
4
4
""" day07 复习 能力提升for for # 结论:外层循环执行一次,内层循环执行多次。     外层控制行,内层控制列. for r in range(2):# 0 1 for c in range(3):#012 012 pass 函数 定义:功能,使用一个名称,包装多个语句。 语法: 做 def 名字(形参): 函数体 用 名字(实参) """ list01 = [23,34,4,6] for r in range(len(list01) - 1): # 作比较 for c in range(r + 1, len(list01)): # list01[2] list01[c] if list01[r] > list01[c]: list01[r], list01[c] = list01[c], list01[r]
b4d7e23bfec4147b71206b46c698252cd9953cd2
1525125249/NEUQ-ACM-Solution
/week2/韩涵/8.1.py
489
4.0625
4
def hanoi(a, b, c, d): # a,b,c分别为一,二,三根柱子 if d > 1: # 当 d = 1时就只有一个圆盘,不需要在进行递归 hanoi(a, c, b, d - 1) # 将n-1个圆盘从a移动到b print(a + "->" + c) if d > 1: # 同理 hanoi(b, a, c, d - 1) # 将n-1个圆盘从b移动到c def week2_1(): n = int(input("")) name = [input(""), input(""), input("")] hanoi(name[0], name[1], name[2], n) if __name__ == '__main__': week2_1()
66905904ca38359746a769b2657aaff55bdce3e6
rishinkaku/Software-University---Software-Engineering
/Python Fundamentals/Basic Syntax, Conditional Statements and Loops/09. Easter Cozonacs/9. Easter Cozonacs.py
3,441
4
4
budget = float(input()) flour = float(input()) eggs = flour*0.75 milk = flour+0.25*flour cozonac = eggs+flour+milk*0.25 cozonac_counter = 0 colored_eggs = 0 while True: if budget < cozonac: break cozonac_counter += 1 colored_eggs += 3 budget -= cozonac if cozonac_counter % 3 == 0: colored_eggs -= cozonac_counter-2 price = cozonac*cozonac_counter print(f"You made {cozonac_counter} cozonacs! Now you have {colored_eggs} eggs and {budget:.2f}BGN left.") """ Since it’s Easter you have decided to make some cozonacs and exchange them for eggs. Create a program that calculates how much cozonacs you can make with the budget you have. First, you will receive your budget. Then, you will receive the price for 1 kg flour. Here is the recipe for one cozonac: Eggs 1 pack Flour 1 kg Milk 0.250 l The price for 1 pack of eggs is 75% of the price for 1 kg flour. The price for 1l milk is 25% more than price for 1 kg flour. Notice, that you need 0.250l milk for one cozonac and the calculated price is for 1l. Start cooking the cozonacs and keep making them until you have enough budget. Keep in mind that: For every cozonac that you make, you will receive 3 colored eggs. For every 3rd cozonac that you make, you will lose some of your colored eggs after you have received the usual 3 colored eggs for your cozonac. The count of eggs you will lose is calculated when you subtract 2 from your current count of cozonacs – ({currentCozonacsCount} – 2) In the end, print the cozonacs you made, the eggs you have gathered and the money you have left, formatted to the 2nd decimal place, in the following format: "You made {countOfCozonacs} cozonacs! Now you have {coloredEggs} eggs and {moneyLeft}BGN left." Input / Constraints On the 1st line you will receive the budget – a real number in the range_shot [0.0…100000.0] On the 2nd line you will receive the price for 1 kg flour – a real number in the range_shot [0.0…100000.0] The input will always be in the right format. You will always have a remaining budget. There will not be a case in which the eggs become a negative count. Output In the end print the count of cozonacs you have made, the colored eggs you have gathered and the money formatted to the 2nd decimal place in the format described above. Examples Input Output 20.50 1.25 You made 7 cozonacs! Now you have 16 eggs and 2.45BGN left. Comments We start by calculating the price for a pack of eggs, which is 75% of the price for 1 kg floor, which in this case is 1.25. The pack of eggs price is 0.9375. The price for 1l milk is 25% more than the price for 1kg floor and in this case it is – 1.5625, but we need the price for 0.250ml, which is - 0.390625. The total price for one cozonac is: 1.25 + 0.9375 + 0.390625 = 2.578125. And we start subtracting the price for a single cozonac from the budget, and for each cozonac we receive 3 eggs. So after the first subtraction we will have 17.921875 budget, 1 cozonac and 3 eggs. After the second - 15.34375 budget, 6 eggs, and on the third - 12.765625 budget and 9 eggs and since it’s the third, we need to subtract the lost eggs, which will be 3 – 2 = 1, so we subtract 1 from 9 and our eggs become 8. We continue subtracting money from the budget until the money aren't enough for us to make a cozonac. In the end we have 2.45BGN left. 15.75 1.4 You made 5 cozonacs! Now you have 14 eggs and 1.31BGN left. """
d4ed738bb0d1edb3f8f566a54c8ed92c0ebdb0dc
MarkMarkos2308/homework2
/basich6 — копия.py
2,371
3.578125
4
import os # a = open(r'C:\Users\User\Desktop\basiq py\fruits.txt', 'a') # a.write(' apple, orange.') # a.close() # a = open(r'C:\Users\User\Desktop\basiq py\fruits.txt', 'r') # print(a.read()) # v = open(r'C:\Users\User\Desktop\basiq py\5strings.txt', 'r') # a = v.readline() # b = v.readline() # c = v.readline() # d = v.readline() # e = v.readline() # print(a + b + c + d + e) # a = open(r"C:\Users\User\Desktop\basiq py\pr3.txt", 'r') # v = '' # for word in a: # if v < word: # v = word # print(v) # a = open(r'C:\Users\User\Desktop\basiq py\groupnames.txt', 'r') # a = a.read() # # a = a.split(' ') # # for word in a: # print(len(word) * (word + ' ')) # new_names = ['Ани', 'Армен', 'Арен', 'Аргишти', 'Арсен', 'Алик', 'Анаит', 'Анна'] # for name in new_names: # fg = name # if os.path.exists(name): # print('true') # else: # print("foals") # s = 'D d D D D d D D F G g g g H h j' # for x in s: # print(x.isupper()) # v = "Homework 6Deadline: 28 AUG, 20:00 Problem 1Create a file manually with some text in it like 'My favourite # fruits " \ "are:'.Then write a program to append the file with the fruits that you love. Problem 2Create a file # that has 5 or " \ "more lines of text.Write a program to store each line in a variable. Problem 3Find the longest # word in the file " \ "pr3.txt. Problem 4Create a list of names of all our group members.Loop over the list and # create files (filename = " \ "name).Each file should contain the name of a person repeated as many times as the # characters of the name.for " \ "example: file -> Ani.txt text - > Ani Ani # AniAni is " \ "repeated 3 times as it has 3 characters. Problem 5After writing Problem 4 write a function that gets # this list " \ "and checks if files with these names exist. If a file exists return True, otherwise False.'new_names # = ['Ani', " \ "'Armen', 'Aren', 'Argishti', 'Arsen', 'Alik', 'Anahit', 'Anna']' Problem 6Write a function that gets # a file path " \ "and calculates how many upper case letters are in the text.Hint: use isupper() method. Problem 7 ( # OPTIONAL)Write " \ "a program to show the frequency(how many times a word appears in the text) of each word. Hint: # set() " a = len(v) c = v.replace("Problem", "") b = a - len(c) n = b / len("problem") print(n)
d38426b8d29185d9bdb1314e23baefe3d4386a1c
ronnicohen/Project-Euler
/17. Number letter counts .py
765
3.59375
4
# https://projecteuler.net/problem=17 # If the numbers 1 to 5 are written out in words: one, two, three, four, # five, then there are 3 + 3 + 5 + 4 + 4 = 19 letters used in total. # # If all the numbers from 1 to 1000 (one thousand) inclusive were written out # in words, how many letters would be used? # # # NOTE: Do not count spaces or hyphens. For example, 342 (three hundred and # forty-two) contains 23 letters and 115 (one hundred and fifteen) contains # 20 letters. The use of "and" when writing out numbers is in compliance with # British usage. from num2words import num2words big_word = '' for j in xrange(1, 1001): in_words = str(num2words(j)) for i in in_words: if (i != ' ') and (i != ',') and (i != '-'): big_word += i print len(big_word)
ad6d6d941ee26149e0ac0e4346c81fa81dc683b1
VX5lG/Programming-1-2
/9.1.2.py
303
4.03125
4
# axel # period 4 # 11/13/2015 # 9.1.1 # takes 2 numbers from user num1 = int(input("Give me a number: ")) num2 = int(input("Give me another number: ")) if num1 > num2: print ("The number %d is larger than %d" %(num1, num2)) else: print ("The number %d is larger than %d" %(num2, num1))
1b3f8e5c457881c8558a4bfbe48a79796c84059a
VictorLi5611/Mark-Calculator
/Mark Calculator/main.py
1,182
3.75
4
import markCalc USER = input("Please enter your name:\n").upper() COURSE_CODE = input("Please enter your course code:\n").upper() ALL_MARKS = markCalc.getMarks("marks.csv") data = [] find = {} VALID_INPUT = [1,2,3,4] def main(): for eval in ALL_MARKS: currentMarks = eval.split(",") item, weight = currentMarks.pop(0).upper(), float(currentMarks.pop(0)) total = markCalc.weightedAverage(currentMarks, weight) avg = markCalc.average(currentMarks) temp = [item, weight, avg, total] find[item] = [weight,avg,total] data.append(temp) while True: inpt = int(input("SEE CURRENT PROGRESS PRESS 1, CALCULATE WHAT YOU NEED TO PASS PRESS 2, QUIT PRESS 3:\n")) if inpt not in VALID_INPUT: print("You entered an incorrect input, please try again.") else: if inpt == 1: markCalc.markBreakdown(data,USER,COURSE_CODE) elif inpt == 2: markCalc.passingMark(data,COURSE_CODE) elif inpt == 3: quit() if __name__ == "__main__": main()
adfea2c44cceee4e0be9a2dad248ba1103e6397c
YazdKotwal-creator/C101
/phone_book.py
3,359
3.8125
4
#------------------------------ # functions and definitions #------------------------------ import os phone_book ={} #dictonary containing your phonbook def cleer_screen(confirm=True): # function to clear screen between menu selections if confirm == True: # do i want the user to press enter before clearing or not defaulted to true spacer() cont = raw_input("press enter to continue") os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear') def spacer(): # just adding 2 lines of nothing :) print " " print " " def print_menu(): # print ouy main menu spacer() print " #############################################" print " # phone book v0.1 #" print " #############################################" print " # 1. add Person/number #" print " # 2. del Person/number #" print " # 3. find number #" print " # 4. List all numbers #" print " # s. Save phone book #" print " # l. Load phone book #" print " # q Quit #" print " #############################################" spacer() def add_number(): # add number to phone_book var spacer() name = raw_input("enter name: ") number = raw_input("enter number: ") phone_book[name] = number cleer_screen(False) def del_number(): # del a entry from the phonebook spacer() name = raw_input("enter name to delete: ") print "are you sure you want to delete " + name yesno = raw_input("y/n: ") if yesno == "y" or yesno == "Y": # just a safty to make sure you want do del the name you entered try: # had to put this in a try except so the program would not crash if user enter a name thats not in the book print "deleting " + name + " - " + phone_book[name] del phone_book[name] except: print "name not found" cleer_screen() def find_number(): # find a number by name spacer() name = raw_input("enter name: ") try: # had to use try exept in case some one enters a name thats not in the dictonary print name + " " + phone_book[name] cleer_screen() except : print "that name is not in the phone book" cleer_screen() def list_numbers(): # list all names and numbers in the phone book spacer() print "number - name" for x,y in enumerate(sorted(phone_book)): print phone_book[y] + " - " + y cleer_screen() def save_book(): #save the array to a file file = open('phone-book.dat' , 'w+') for (id, item) in phone_book.items(): #print id, item file.write(str(id) + '-' + str(item) + '\n') def load_book(): #open the phone-book.dat try: file = open('phone-book.dat' , 'r+') for line in file: tmpInput = line.split('-') tmpInput2 = tmpInput[1].split() phone_book[tmpInput[0]] = tmpInput2[0] except: print "there is no saved phonebook" cleer_screen() #------------------------------ # application #------------------------------ cleer_screen(False) while True : # main while loop print_menu() input = raw_input("make your selection ") cleer_screen(False) if input == "1": add_number() if input == "2": del_number() if input == "3": find_number() if input == "4": list_numbers() if input == "s": save_book() if input == "l": load_book() if input.strip() == 'Q' or input.strip() == 'q' : print "Bye !" break
33cca381fa759473ca7627e82fc62c05fdd616fe
LavenderIris/CS-3A---OO-in-Python
/finalunittest.py
2,959
3.71875
4
# Priscilla Chung Finder # Final Unit test # CS 3A # unit tests for various states of my tic tac toe board import unittest import pygame, sys from lib import * class Test_libpy(unittest.TestCase): def test_check_not_game_over(self): """ Unit test to check when in-game :return: """ pygame.init() board = Board(grid_size=3, box_size=100, border=50, line_width=10) surface_size = board.surface.get_height() board.process_click_ingame(surface_size/2, surface_size/2) ans = False self.assertEqual(board.game_over, ans) def test_check_gameover(self): """ Unit test to check when gameover. :return: """ pygame.init() board = Board(grid_size=3, box_size=100, border=50, line_width=10) surface_size = board.surface.get_height() # sets the board for gameover state board.process_click(surface_size/2, surface_size/2) board.process_click(surface_size/2, surface_size * 0.7) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.7, surface_size/2) board.process_click(surface_size/3, surface_size * 0.7) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.3, surface_size/2) ans = True self.assertEqual(board.game_over, ans) def test_check_player_1_wins(self): """ Unit test to check when player 1 wins. :return: """ pygame.init() board = Board(grid_size=3, box_size=100, border=50, line_width=10) surface_size = board.surface.get_height() # sets the board for gameover state board.process_click(surface_size/2, surface_size/2) board.process_click(surface_size/2, surface_size * 0.7) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.7, surface_size/2) board.process_click(surface_size/3, surface_size * 0.7) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.3, surface_size/2) ans = 1 self.assertEqual(board.check_for_winner(), ans) def test_check_player_2_wins(self): """ Unit test to check when player 2 wins :return: """ pygame.init() board = Board(grid_size=3, box_size=100, border=50, line_width=10) surface_size = board.surface.get_height() # sets the board for gameover state board.process_click(surface_size * 0.3, surface_size * 0.5) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.7, surface_size * 0.3) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.5, surface_size * 0.5) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.7, surface_size * 0.5) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.3, surface_size * 0.7) board.process_click(surface_size * 0.7, surface_size * 0.7) ans = 2 self.assertEqual(board.check_for_winner(), ans) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main() # OUTPUT # .... # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Ran 4 tests in 0.973s # # OK
06d8fbc13b67b432bb4844e8464207d89f3f893d
bulatnig/textsolutions
/cracking/arrays/1.7.py
924
3.8125
4
def rotate(matrix: list[list[int]]) -> list[list[int]]: size = len(matrix) if size < 2: return matrix circle_count = size // 2 for i in range(0, circle_count): for j in range(0, size - 1 - i * 2): tmp = matrix[i][i + j] matrix[i][i + j] = matrix[size - 1 - i - j][i] matrix[size - 1 - i - j][i] = matrix[size - 1 - i][size - 1 - i - j] matrix[size - 1 - i][size - 1 - i - j] = matrix[i + j][size - 1 - i] matrix[i + j][size - 1 - i] = tmp return matrix print(rotate([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])) print(rotate([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12], [13, 14, 15, 16]])) print(rotate([[1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8, 9, 10], [11, 12, 13, 14, 15], [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], [21, 22, 23, 24, 25]]))
45c47da33101e64ddb9f24cbd643ff38b3d8bb53
nycowboy04/PythonProjects
/Python-Django-Course-Udemy/warcardgame.py
3,845
4.40625
4
##################################### ### WELCOME TO YOUR OOP PROJECT ##### ##################################### # For this project you will be using OOP to create a card game. This card game will # be the card game "War" for two players, you an the computer. If you don't know # how to play "War" here are the basic rules: # # The deck is divided evenly, with each player receiving 26 cards, dealt one at a time, # face down. Anyone may deal first. Each player places his stack of cards face down, # in front of him. # # The Play: # # Each player turns up a card at the same time and the player with the higher card # takes both cards and puts them, face down, on the bottom of his stack. # # If the cards are the same rank, it is War. Each player turns up three cards face # down and one card face up. The player with the higher cards takes both piles # (six cards). If the turned-up cards are again the same rank, each player places # another card face down and turns another card face up. The player with the # higher card takes all 10 cards, and so on. # # There are some more variations on this but we will keep it simple for now. # Ignore "double" wars # # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_(card_game) from random import shuffle # Two useful variables for creating Cards. class Deck(): """ This is the Deck Class. This object will create a deck of cards to initiate play. You can then use this Deck list of cards to split in half and give to the players. It will use SUITE and RANKS to create the deck. It should also have a method for splitting/cutting the deck in half and Shuffling the deck. """ SUIT = 'H D S C'.split() RANKS = '2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K A'.split() def __init__(self): deck=[] def createDeck(self): for item in SUIT: for card in RANKS: deck+="".join(item,card) return deck def shuffling(self): deck=shuffle(deck) return deck def split(self, player): if player=='player1': player.hand=deck[::2] else: player.hand=deck[1::2] return player.hand class Hand(Deck): ''' This is the Hand class. Each player has a Hand, and can add or remove cards from that hand. There should be an add and remove card method here. ''' def __init__(self): hand=self.hand def play_card(self): card=hand.pop(0) return card def add_card(self, cards): for item in cards: hand.append(item) return hand.append(cards) class Player(Hand): """ This is the Player class, which takes in a name and an instance of a Hand class object. The Payer can then play cards and check if they still have cards. """ def __init__(self, name): name=self.name def check_hand(self): if len(Player.hand)==0: print("You have lost the game, {}".format(Player.name)) ###################### #### GAME PLAY ####### ###################### P1Card=[] P2Card=[] def round(P1, P2): P1Card=P1.play_card() P2Card=P2.play_card() if P1Card > P2Card: P1.add_card(P1Card) P1.add_card(P2Card) elif P1Card == P2Card: war(Player1, Player2) else: P2.add_card(P1Card) P2.add_card(P2Card) def war(P1,P2): p1down=[] p2down=[] for i in range(3): p1down.append(P1.play_card()) p2down.append(P2.play_card()) P1Card=P1.play_card() P2Card=P2.play_card() print("Welcome to War, let's begin...") p1=input("Player 1, please enter your name") Player1=Player(p1) p2=input("Player 2, please enter your name") Player2=Player(p2) deck=Deck() deck.shuffling() Player1.hand=split('player1') Player2.hand=split('player2') # Use the 3 classes along with some logic to play a game of war!
feff434c255c51e4813a1f51090ad23891c10961
junaid238/class_files
/python files/conditional_statements.py
787
3.671875
4
# conditional statements # ---------------------- # exec stops at wrong stmt # if else # condition --> t / f # if T --> stmt1 # else F --> may or maynot stmt2 # condition1 # if T --> stmt1 # elif F --> condition2 # else --> T --> stmt2 # --> F --> stmt3 # if elif else # if elif elif elif else # nested condition statements # --------------------------- # if # if # if # else # else # else # Syntax: # ------- # C CPP Java # if(condition){ # tstmt # } # else{ # fstmt # } # Python # ------ # if condition : # tstmt # else: # fstmt # if (condition) : # tstmt # else: # fstmt # a = 11 # if a==10: # print("right") # elif a==11: # print("hai") # else: # print("wrong") # b = 101 # if (b==10): # pass # else: # print("wrong")
f62dc7f236fe5e2bc563d8f8a5aa7278f3a9df12
dicao425/algorithmExercise
/LeetCode/diameterOfBinaryTree.py
877
3.859375
4
#!/usr/bin/python import sys #Definition for a binary tree node. class TreeNode(object): def __init__(self, x): self.val = x self.left = None self.right = None class Solution(object): def diameterOfBinaryTree(self, root): """ :type root: TreeNode :rtype: int """ self.result = 0 self.dfs(root) return self.result def dfs(self, node): if not node: return 0 l = self.dfs(node.left) r = self.dfs(node.right) self.result = max(self.result, l + r) return max(l, r) + 1 def main(): aa = Solution() t = TreeNode(1) t.left = TreeNode(2) t.right = TreeNode(3) t.left.left = TreeNode(4) t.left.right = TreeNode(5) print aa.diameterOfBinaryTree(t) return 0 if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())
f1de0a6818a8112eb9d7577e78b6ca6dcad200c8
mistrydarshan99/Leetcode-3
/interviews/linked_list/146_LRU_cache.py
4,610
3.703125
4
""" 146. LRU Cache Hard 1983 61 Design and implement a data structure for Least Recently Used (LRU) cache. It should support the following operations: get and put. get(key) - Get the value (will always be positive) of the key if the key exists in the cache, otherwise return -1. put(key, value) - Set or insert the value if the key is not already present. When the cache reached its capacity, it should invalidate the least recently used item before inserting a new item. Follow up: Could you do both operations in O(1) time complexity? Example: LRUCache cache = new LRUCache( 2 /* capacity */ ); cache.put(1, 1); cache.put(2, 2); cache.get(1); // returns 1 cache.put(3, 3); // evicts key 2 cache.get(2); // returns -1 (not found) cache.put(4, 4); // evicts key 1 cache.get(1); // returns -1 (not found) cache.get(3); // returns 3 cache.get(4); // returns 4 “”“ """ The solution is: 1. Doulbe Linked List + Dict 2. always add an item to the end of the linked list 3. The dict will store: 1)key 2)address for that particular node at linked list REASON for 2. always PUT an item to the end of the linked list: - head: older nodes - least recenlty used - tail: recently used (get or put) nodes - always add newly PUT and newly GET node at the end of the linked list, so when we need to evict/eleminate certain element from the head, we alwasy evict / eliminate the least recently used node which are those closer to the head of the linked list. 所以,当我们GET一个node时,我们需要把它从原来的linked list里_remove 和 _add到linked list的尾部. 这样的话,我们就知道它最近被提取过,不会被删掉。 当我们需要PUT一个node时,我们需要考虑两点: 1)这个node是否已存在现在的Linked List里:查看dict 2)现在的capacity 够不够: 查看len(dict) (如果这个节点已经存在在现在的链接里:那么不用担心capacity不够,因为肯定会删掉一个再加如新的; 但是这个节点没有存在在现在的链接里:那么的话,新增加的节点有可能导致exceed capacity.) 1-如果node没有存在: · 加到现在dict . 添加到现在的linkdlist的尾部 1-如果node已经存在: - 从现有的 Linked list 里删除 - 更新字典里的value """ class Node(object): def __init__(self, key, val): self.key = key self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None class LRUCache: def __init__(self, capacity): """ :type capacity: int """ self.cap = capacity self.cache = {} self.head = Node(0, 0) self.tail = Node(0, 0) self.head.next = self.tail self.tail.prev = self.head def get(self, key): """ :type key: int :rtype: int # if key not in dict: return -1 # if key in dict: # remove it # add it again at the end of tail """ if key not in self.cache: return -1 node = self.cache[key] self._remove(node) self._add(node) # self.dprint() return node.val def put(self, key, value): """ :type key: int :type value: int :rtype: void # if key already in cache: # del it from linked list # del it from dict # if at capacity: # remove the node pointed by the head (head.next) # remove that node from dec # add the new (key, val) """ if key in self.cache: self._remove(self.cache[key]) elif len(self.cache) == self.cap: print("overload") old_node = self.head.next self._remove(old_node) del self.cache[old_node.key] new_node = Node(key, value) self._add(new_node) self.cache[key] = new_node # self.dprint() def _add(self, node): p = self.tail.prev p.next = node node.prev = p node.next = self.tail self.tail.prev = node def _remove(self, node): """ remove the node by: connect the node.previous with the node.next """ p = node.prev p.next = node.next node.next.prev = p # def dprint(self): # node = self.head # print("new list") # while node: # print(node.val) # node = node.next # Your LRUCache object will be instantiated and called as such: # obj = LRUCache(capacity) # param_1 = obj.get(key) # obj.put(key,value)
7113031649c14bed12c30817c66d1c1007d98f02
junfengP/Python_ver_of_algorithm
/data_structure/binary_search_tree/binary_search_tree.py
3,423
3.90625
4
#!/usr/bin/python3 class BinaryTreeNode: def __init__(self, key, st_info=None, left=None, right=None, p=None): self.key = key self.left = left self.right = right self.p = p self.st_info = st_info # 卫星数据 def __repr__(self): return str(self.key) class BST: def __init__(self): self.nil = BinaryTreeNode(key=None) self.root = self.nil def get_root(self): return self.root def inorder_tree_walk(self, x): if x != self.nil: self.inorder_tree_walk(x.left) print(x) self.inorder_tree_walk(x.right) def tree_search(self, x, k): if x == self.nil or k == x.key: return x if k < x.key: return self.tree_search(x.left, k) else: return self.tree_search(x.right, k) def iterative_tree_search(self, x, k): while x != self.nil and k != x.key: if k < x.key: x = x.left else: x = x.right return x def tree_minimum(self, x): while x.left != self.nil: x = x.left return x def tree_maximum(self, x): while x.right != self.nil: x = x.right return x def tree_successor(self, x): if x.right != self.nil: return self.tree_minimum(x.right) y = x.p while y != self.nil and x == y.right: x = y y = y.p return y def tree_predecessor(self, x): if x.left != self.nil: return self.tree_maximum(x.left) y = x.p while y != self.nil and x == y.left: x = y y = y.p return y def tree_insert(self, z): if not isinstance(z, BinaryTreeNode): z = BinaryTreeNode(z) y = self.nil x = self.root while x != self.nil: y = x if z.key < x.key: x = x.left else: x = x.right z.p = y if y == self.nil: self.root = z elif z.key < y.key: y.left = z else: y.right = z z.left = self.nil z.right = self.nil def transplant(self, u, v): if u.p == self.nil: self.root = v elif u == u.p.left: u.p.left = v else: u.p.right = v if v == self.nil: v.p = u.p def tree_delete(self, z): if z.left == self.nil: self.transplant(z, z.right) elif z.right == self.nil: self.transplant(z, z.left) else: y = self.tree_minimum(z.right) if y.p != z: self.transplant(y, y.right) y.right = z.right y.right.p = y self.transplant(z, y) y.left = z.left y.left.p = y if __name__ == '__main__': bst = BST() for i in range(10, 1, -1): bst.tree_insert(i) print("树的最小值", bst.tree_minimum(bst.get_root())) print("树的最大值", bst.tree_maximum(bst.get_root())) print("删除节点4") bst.tree_delete(bst.tree_search(bst.get_root(), 4)) print("节点5的前驱", bst.tree_predecessor(bst.tree_search(bst.get_root(), 5))) print("节点5的后继", bst.tree_successor(bst.tree_search(bst.get_root(), 5)))
37aedfaba8cab86d7bf0a07a471ad417f503092a
chrisotto6/cps313
/Week1/Exercise6.py
698
4.375
4
# Chris Otto # Week 1 - Program Exercise 6 # CPS313 # Read the purchase amount from the user, calculates the state and country tax # returning that information to the user purchase = float(input('Enter the purchase amount: ')) # Calculate the taxes and tax totals based on input stateTax = purchase * 0.05 countyTax = purchase * 0.025 totalTax = stateTax + countyTax # Find out the end price of the purchase after tax finalPurchase = purchase + totalTax # Display information to the user print('Original Amount of Purchase: ', purchase) print('State Sales Tax: ', stateTax) print('Country Sales Tax: ', countyTax) print('Total Sales Tax: ', totalTax) print('Final Purchase Price: ', finalPurchase)
31315c731014f1d44da5b436814f92cc9d92e0af
ggoma5879/p1_201110081
/w3MAIN(2).py
336
3.65625
4
# coding: utf-8 # In[5]: tmp = raw_input("What do you want to know F or C") # In[6]: if (tmp== 'F'): tmp1= float(raw_input("#C?")) tmp1 = tmp1 * (1.8) + 32 elif (tmp=='C'): tmp1= float(raw_input("#F?")) tmp1 = (tmp1-32)*5/9 else : print ("Error") print "Temperature is ", tmp1, tmp # In[ ]: wn.exitonclick
415cdca5a3a569c68a5e7bc8cdba405ab4d0f361
y471n/algorithms-n-ds
/ds/stack-balanced-symbols.py
828
4.125
4
from stack import Stack OPENING_SYMBOLS = "([{" CLOSING_SYMBOLS = ")]}" def matching_closing_symbol(opening_symbol, closing_symbol): return OPENING_SYMBOLS.index(opening_symbol) == CLOSING_SYMBOLS.index(closing_symbol) def paranthesis_check(symbols): balanced, s = True, Stack() for symbol in symbols: if symbol in OPENING_SYMBOLS: s.push(symbol) else: if s.is_empty(): balanced = False break if matching_closing_symbol(s.peek(), symbol): s.pop() continue balanced = False break if not s.is_empty(): balanced = False return balanced if __name__ == "__main__": symbols = input() is_balanced = paranthesis_check(symbols) print(is_balanced)
827149e17f5fbb558b0665346cccfb9fed1987aa
Cendra123/Improved-K-Means-By-Optimizing-initial-cluster
/density_tweet.py
547
3.890625
4
import math import pandas as pd import sys # Example points in 3-dimensional space... # x = (5, 6, 7,1) # y = (8, 9, 9,4) df = pd.read_excel('TF-IDF_01.xlsx') print(df) sys.exit() # print(type(x)) # print(df.ix[1][:]) for i in range(5): for j in range(i,5): distance = math.sqrt(sum([(a - b) ** 2 for a, b in zip(df.ix[i][:], df.ix[j][:])])) print("Euclidean distance from ",i," to ",j,": ",distance) # distance = math.sqrt(sum([(a - b) ** 2 for a, b in zip(x, y)])) # print("Euclidean distance from x to y: ",distance)
f76ba420e87097d40b1a95dfee81e83423b9bf6d
GSvensk/OpenKattis
/LowDifficulty/sumkindofproblem.py
205
3.59375
4
p = int(input()) for i in range(0, p): arr = input().split() a = int(arr[1]) plusone = int((a**2 + a)/2) print("{} {} {} {}".format(arr[0], plusone, 2*plusone - int(arr[1]), 2*plusone))
dec165f77ff183f4d2ca1ed9d93c3cfb2b3c665d
WangDooo/Effective-Python-Specific-Ways-to-Better
/Learning/Unit_1-用Pythonic方式来思考/learn_1.py
4,072
3.9375
4
#================================================================ # 4. 用辅助函数来取代复杂的表达式 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # 少写那些复杂且难以理解的单行表达式 不利于维护 #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 7. 用列表推导(list comprehension)来取代map、filter #---------------------------------------------------------------- # a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] # squares_list = [x**2 for x in a] # list comprehension # print(squares_list) # # 若使用map 就要创建lambda函数 # squares_map = list(map(lambda x: x**2, a)) # map 复杂 # print(squares_map) # even_squares_list = [x**2 for x in a if x % 2 == 0] # print(even_squares_list) # # 若使用map 就要创建lambda函数 和filter筛选 # alt = list(map(lambda x:x**2, filter(lambda x:x%2==0, a))) # map+filter 复杂 # print(alt) # # 字典(dict)与集(set)也有和列表类似的推导机制 # chile_ranks = {'ghost':1, 'haha':2, 'xixi':3} # rank_dict = {rank: name for name,rank in chile_ranks.items()} # print(rank_dict) # chile_len_set = {len(name) for name in rank_dict.values()} # print(chile_len_set) #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 8. 不要使用含有两个以上表达式的列表推导 #---------------------------------------------------------------- #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 9. 用生成器表达式来改写数据量较大的列表推导 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # 数据大,列表推导占内存多 # 生成器表达式所返回的迭代器 可以逐次输出值 避免内存用量问题 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # it = (len(x) for x in open('my_file.txt')) # # for i in it: # # print(i) # roots = ((x,x**0.5) for x in it) # print(next(roots)) #================================================================ # 10. 尽量用enumerate取代range #---------------------------------------------------------------- # # enumerate函数 可以把各种迭代器包装成生成器 以便稍后产生输出值 # # 生成器没词产生一对输出值 前者表示循环下标 后者表示从迭代器中获取到的下一个序列元素 # color_list = ['red','green','yellow','blue'] # for i, color in enumerate(color_list): # 默认从0开始计数 # print('%d:%s' % (i+1, color)) # for i, color in enumerate(color_list, 1): # print('%d:%s' % (i, color)) #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 11. 用zip函数同时遍历两个迭代器 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # zip函数可以把两个或两个以上的迭代器封装为生成器, 有一个耗尽就停止 # names = ["AAAAAAAAAAAA","BBBB","CC"] # letters = [len(n) for n in names] # max_letters = 0 # for name, count in zip(names, letters): # if count > max_letters: # longest_name = name # max_letters = count # print(longest_name) #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 12. 不要在for和while循环后面写else块 #---------------------------------------------------------------- #---------------------------------------------------------------- #================================================================ # 13. 合理利用 try/except/else/finally结构中的每个快的代码 #---------------------------------------------------------------- # else块 如果try块没有发生异常,那么就执行else块 # else块 可以用来缩减try块中的代码量,把没有发生异常时要执行的语句与try/except代码隔开 #----------------------------------------------------------------
336ed99a857ec182f58861518197d7168af52757
Aasthaengg/IBMdataset
/Python_codes/p02379/s959588510.py
126
3.515625
4
x1, y1, x2, y2 = map(float, input().split()) distance = ((x1 - x2) ** 2 + (y1 - y2) ** 2) ** (1 / 2) print(f"{distance:.5f}")
151fd7221f09f255b627331742894a9c52be571d
xov17/151lab1
/testing_pickle/io_pickle.py
779
3.734375
4
import pickle import hashlib # The name of the file where we will store the object shoplistfile = 'shoplist.data' # The list of things to buy shoplist = {'apple', 'mango', 'carrot'} print 'shoplist:' print(hashlib.md5(shoplist).hexdigest()) # Write to the file f = open(shoplistfile, 'wb') print 'f before dumping' print(hashlib.md5(f).hexdigest()) # Dump the object to a file pickle.dump(shoplist, f) print 'f after dumping' print(hashlib.md5(f).hexdigest()) f.close() # Destroy the shoplist variable del shoplist # Read back from the storage f = open(shoplistfile, 'rb') print 'f after opening again' print(hashlib.md5(f).hexdigest()) # Load the object from the file storedlist = pickle.load(f) print 'storedlist:' print(hashlib.md5(storedlist).hexdigest()) print storedlist
9997b9a6081529c8b8a3d13ec235f6c7dcbce608
Rahulk990/TSP_Using_AI
/Others/City_Manager.py
1,009
3.9375
4
from typing import List from Others.City import City # Storing the cities data cities: List[City] = [] distances: List[List[float]] = [] # Adding cities to the list def addCity(city: City) -> None: cities.append(city) # Get a particular city def getCity(index: int) -> City: return cities[index] # Get the total number of cities def getLength() -> int: return len(cities) # Pre-Calculate distances between each pair of cities def calculateDistances() -> None: for start in cities: distances_from_start = [] for end in cities: xDiff = abs(start.getCity()[0] - end.getCity()[0]) yDiff = abs(start.getCity()[1] - end.getCity()[1]) distances_from_start.append((xDiff**2 + yDiff**2)**0.5) distances.append(distances_from_start) # Get distance between two cities def getDistance(index_a: int, index_b: int) -> float: return distances[index_a][index_b] # Clearing the data def clear(): cities.clear() distances.clear()
3cff364a8b62eb39176e0941aefc42e40b560962
zeumoweb/scaffold
/hello.py
98
4
4
def add(x, y): return x + y result = add(3, 6) print(f"this is the sum of 3 and 6: {result}")
a8ed504ae58b32c4a83c239fefad7af87904f48d
jtlai0921/MP31909_Example
/MP31909_Example/範例/RPi/EX2_9.py
310
3.53125
4
# Homework 2-9 import property as P tc = P.house('apartment', 5600000, 'tclin','taichung') money = P.deposit('money', 100000, 'taiwanBank') stock = P.stock('tpower', 5, 20000) total = [tc, money, stock] sum = 0 for i in total: sum = sum + i.getValue(); print("Total value of properties : {0}".format(sum))
6ff52cbc86b3fd7b395bf31e2d0495c05a4bdf3e
heart-bool/study-doc
/python-100-day/day07/map_demo.py
755
4.3125
4
""" 字典:类似于java中的map。属于可变的容器,以键值对形式存储数据,可以存储任何对象。 """ def main(): # 定义map map1 = {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'} print(map1) # 以建取值 print(map1[1]) print(map1.get(2)) # 获取不存在的key,可以指定默认值,不指定时则返回None print(map1.get(4)) print(map1.get(4, 'd')) # 添加 # map1.update('4'= 'd') # print(map1.items()) # 更新 map1[2] = 'D' print(map1) # 遍历 for key in map1: print(key, ':', map1[key]) # 删除指定key元素 map1.pop(1) print(map1) # 删除最后一个元素 map1.popitem() print(map1) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
dee76b56bec46ab1be23fba323ebe981ec43683f
CodeMuz/adventofcode
/day16/part1.py
720
3.53125
4
#!/usr/bin/python output = { 'children': 3, 'cats': 7, 'samoyeds': 2, 'pomeranians': 3, 'akitas': 0, 'vizslas': 0, 'goldfish': 5, 'trees': 3, 'cars': 2, 'perfumes': 1 } with open("input.txt") as f: content = f.readlines() def isMatch(prop): for v in prop: if prop[v] != output[v]: return False return True for line in content: lineArray = line.replace(",", "").replace(":", "").replace("\n", "").split(' ') number = lineArray[1] prop = {} prop[lineArray[2]] = int(lineArray[3]) prop[lineArray[4]] = int(lineArray[5]) prop[lineArray[6]] = int(lineArray[7]) if isMatch(prop): print number print isMatch(prop)
843ced7043f1897419c7c3c865654b108b89be74
nato4ka1987/lesson5
/part5.py
683
3.90625
4
''' Создать (программно) текстовый файл, записать в него программно набор чисел, разделенных пробелами. Программа должна подсчитывать сумму чисел в файле и выводить ее на экран. ''' FILENAME = "task5.txt" NUMBERS = "12 7 87 935 0 32 71" summ = 0 try: with open(FILENAME, 'w') as fhs: fhs.write(NUMBERS) with open(FILENAME, 'r') as fhd: data = fhd.read() for item in data.split(): summ += float(item) except IOError as e: print(e) except ValueError: print("Error") print(summ)
ed92627c5285eb87f82fa8aa4fd0012f5f765958
kmayur9/vending-machine-console-app
/test.py
3,118
3.734375
4
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Mon Mar 22 23:45:43 2021 @author: Amritbaan-0001 """ import unittest from vendingMachine import Product, Denomination, Cart class TestSum(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.product = Product() self.denomination = Denomination() self.cart = Cart() # self.vending_machine = VendingMachine() # Product test cases def test_add_product(self): """ Test that it is adding product """ self.product.add_product("Coke",5) self.assertEqual(len(self.product.all_products), 1) self.assertEqual(self.product.all_products[0].name, "Coke") def test_remove_product(self): self.product.add_product("Coke",5) self.assertEqual(len(self.product.all_products), 1) self.product.remove_product("Coke") self.assertEqual(len(self.product.all_products), 0) def test_reset(self): self.product.add_product("Coke",5) self.product.add_product("Lays",50) self.assertEqual(len(self.product.all_products), 2) self.product.reset() self.assertEqual(len(self.product.all_products), 0) #Denomination test case def test_add_denomination(self): """ Test that it is adding product """ self.denomination.add_denomination(5) self.assertEqual(len(self.denomination.all_denomination), 1) self.assertEqual(self.denomination.all_denomination[0], 5) def test_remove_denomination(self): self.denomination.add_denomination(9) self.assertEqual(len(self.denomination.all_denomination), 1) self.denomination.remove_denomination(9) self.assertEqual(len(self.denomination.all_denomination), 0) def test_reset_denomination(self): self.denomination.add_denomination(9) self.denomination.add_denomination(99) self.assertEqual(len(self.denomination.all_denomination), 2) self.denomination.reset() self.assertEqual(len(self.denomination.all_denomination), 0) def test_add_to_cart(self): prod = Product() prod.name = "Pepsi" prod.price = 55 self.cart.add_to_cart(prod) self.assertEqual(self.cart.prod[0].name, "Pepsi") self.assertEqual(len(self.cart.prod), 1) self.assertEqual(self.cart.prod[0].price, 55) self.assertEqual(self.cart.cart_value, 55) def test_edit_cart(self): prod = Product() prod.name = "Pepsi" prod.price = 55 self.cart.add_to_cart(prod) self.assertEqual(self.cart.prod[0].name, "Pepsi") self.assertEqual(len(self.cart.prod), 1) self.cart.edit_order(prod.name) self.assertEqual(len(self.cart.prod), 0) self.assertEqual(self.cart.cart_value, 0) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()
200e4dac548d5bbfe918c5cdc99c7cab5a950c87
RufusKingori/Palindrome
/acronyms.py
304
4.375
4
#This program generates acronyms from a number of words entered. words = input("Enter the words or the sentence to output the acronym:\n") word_by_word = words.split() print(word_by_word) acronym = "" for i in word_by_word: acronym += i[0] print("The acronym of '{}' is '{}'".format(words,acronym))
2d71944996405b47887add37ffc325831463c80b
ramyasutraye/Guvi_Python
/set9/81.py
192
3.921875
4
a=int(input("Enter kabali clan's members:")) b=int(input("Enter the opponent clan's members:")) if a<b: print(b-a) else: print("Kabali's ninja number is never greater than his opponent.")
3136c450e0c8e2d2981e01277cc8fc5a2c0b38ea
miguel-alv1/cs321
/Othello/othelloPlayers.py
9,641
3.984375
4
import othelloBoard import math from typing import Tuple, Optional from collections import namedtuple '''You should modify the chooseMove code for the ComputerPlayer class. You should also modify the heuristic function, which should return a number indicating the value of that board position (the bigger the better). We will use your heuristic function when running the tournament between players. Feel free to add additional methods or functions.''' class HumanPlayer: '''Interactive player: prompts the user to make a move.''' def __init__(self,name,color): self.name = name self.color = color def chooseMove(self,board): while True: try: move = eval('(' + input(self.name + \ ': enter row, column (or type "0,0" if no legal move): ') \ + ')') if len(move)==2 and type(move[0])==int and \ type(move[1])==int and (move[0] in range(1,9) and \ move[1] in range(1,9) or move==(0,0)): break print('Illegal entry, try again.') except Exception: print('Illegal entry, try again.') if move==(0,0): return None else: return move # https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse573/04au/Project/mini1/RUSSIA/Final_Paper.pdf # We used the above paper as a reference for heuristics def heuristic(board) -> int: # Linearly combine our two heuristic functions to get a total heuristic value return cornersCaptured(board) + mobilityScore(board) def cornersCaptured(board): # Return a score from -100 to 100 based on corners captured max_corners = 0 min_corners = 0 if board.array[1][1] != 0: if board.array[1][1] < 0: max_corners += 1 else: min_corners += 1 if board.array[1][8] != 0: if board.array[1][8] < 0: max_corners += 1 else: min_corners += 1 if board.array[8][1] != 0: if board.array[8][1] < 0: max_corners += 1 else: min_corners += 1 if board.array[8][8] != 0: if board.array[8][8] < 0: max_corners += 1 else: min_corners += 1 if (max_corners + min_corners) != 0: return 100*(max_corners - min_corners)/(max_corners + min_corners) else: return 0 def mobilityScore(board) -> int: # Return a score of -100 to 100 bast on the relative amount of possible # moves for the max and min players max_score = len(legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.black)) min_score = len(legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.white)) if max_score + min_score != 0: return 100*(max_score - min_score)/(max_score + min_score) else: return 0 def legalMoves(board,color): moves = [] for i in range(1,othelloBoard.size-1): for j in range(1,othelloBoard.size-1): bcopy = board.makeMove(i,j,color) if bcopy != None: moves.append((i,j)) return moves class ComputerPlayer: '''Computer player: chooseMove is where the action is.''' def __init__(self,name,color,heuristic,plies) -> None: self.name = name self.color = color self.heuristic = heuristic self.plies = plies # chooseMove should return a tuple that looks like: # (row of move, column of move, number of times heuristic was called) # We will be using the third piece of information to assist with grading. def chooseMove(self,board) -> Optional[Tuple[int,int,int]]: '''This very silly player just returns the first legal move that it finds.''' numHeuristicCalls = 0 def maxValue(board, plies) -> Tuple[int,Tuple[int,int]]: if plies == 0: nonlocal numHeuristicCalls numHeuristicCalls += 1 return (heuristic(board), None) else: moves = legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.black) if len(moves) == 0: return (board.scores()[0], None) else: best = -math.inf best_move = None for move in moves: #tuple (best, move) next_min = minValue(board.makeMove(move[0], move[1], othelloBoard.black), plies - 1) if best < next_min[0]: best = next_min[0] best_move = move return (best, best_move) def minValue(board, plies) -> Tuple[int,Tuple[int,int]]: if plies == 0: #allow access to numHeuristic calls in parent function nonlocal numHeuristicCalls numHeuristicCalls += 1 return (heuristic(board), None) else: moves = legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.white) if len(moves) == 0: return (board.scores()[0], None) else: best = math.inf best_move = None for move in moves: next_max = maxValue(board.makeMove(move[0], move[1], othelloBoard.white), plies - 1) if best > next_max[0]: best = next_max[0] best_move = move return (best, best_move) if self.color == othelloBoard.white: best_move = minValue(board, self.plies)[1] if best_move: return (best_move[0], best_move[1], numHeuristicCalls) else: # None is considered a pass return None else: best_move = maxValue(board, self.plies)[1] if best_move: return (best_move[0], best_move[1], numHeuristicCalls) else: return None class ComputerPlayerPruning: '''Computer player (with pruning): chooseMove is where the action is.''' def __init__(self,name,color,heuristic,plies) -> None: self.name = name self.color = color self.heuristic = heuristic self.plies = plies # chooseMove should return a tuple that looks like: # (row of move, column of move, number of times heuristic was called) # We will be using the third piece of information to assist with grading. def chooseMove(self,board) -> Optional[Tuple[int,int,int]]: '''This very silly player just returns the first legal move that it finds.''' numHeuristicCalls = 0 # using named tuple as suggested by Dave moveReturned = namedtuple("moveReturned", ["val", "move"]) def maxValue(board, plies, alpha, beta) -> Tuple[int,Tuple[int,int]]: if plies == 0: nonlocal numHeuristicCalls numHeuristicCalls += 1 return moveReturned(heuristic(board), None) else: moves = legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.black) if len(moves) == 0: return moveReturned(board.scores()[0], None) else: best = -math.inf best_move = None for move in moves: #tuple (best, move) next_min = minValue(board.makeMove(move[0], move[1], othelloBoard.black), plies - 1, alpha, beta) if best < next_min.val: best = next_min.val best_move = move alpha = max(alpha, best) if best >= beta: return moveReturned(best, best_move) return moveReturned(best, best_move) def minValue(board, plies, alpha, beta) -> Tuple[int,Tuple[int,int]]: if plies == 0: #allow access to numHeuristic calls in parent function nonlocal numHeuristicCalls numHeuristicCalls += 1 return moveReturned(heuristic(board), None) else: moves = legalMoves(board, othelloBoard.white) if len(moves) == 0: return moveReturned(board.scores()[1], None) else: best = math.inf best_move = None for move in moves: next_max = maxValue(board.makeMove(move[0], move[1], othelloBoard.white), plies - 1, alpha, beta) if best > next_max.val: best = next_max.val best_move = move beta = min(beta, best) if best <= alpha: return moveReturned(best, best_move) return moveReturned(best, best_move) if self.color == othelloBoard.white: best_move = minValue(board, self.plies, -math.inf, math.inf).move if best_move: return (best_move[0], best_move[1], numHeuristicCalls) else: # None is considered a pass return None else: best_move = maxValue(board, self.plies, -math.inf, math.inf).move if best_move: return (best_move[0], best_move[1], numHeuristicCalls) else: return None
952e6c19fcd944bc48f180786c6fce0247f9d0c4
ctc316/algorithm-python
/Lintcode/Ladder_all_G_OA/1627. Word Segmentation.py
553
3.84375
4
class Solution: """ @param s: the string @param k: the k @return: the answer """ def wordSegmentation(self, s, k): res = [] i = 0 words = s.split(" ") n = len(words) while i < n: line = words[i] j = i + 1 while j < n: if len(line) + len(words[j]) < k: line += " " + words[j] j += 1 else: break res.append(line) i = j return res
caffa5d0aabc9ebb2a3cd4525fb32200c94081db
kaiix/algo
/kaiix/other/majority_element.py
753
3.765625
4
# https://leetcode.com/problems/majority-element/ def majorityElement2(nums): counter = {} for n in nums: if n in counter: counter[n] += 1 else: counter[n] = 1 return max(counter, key=lambda x: counter[x]) # http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~moore/best-ideas/mjrty/index.html def majorityElement(nums): count = 0 candidate = None for i in nums: if count == 0: candidate = i count += 1 else: if i == candidate: count += 1 else: count -= 1 if count > len(nums)/2+1: break return candidate if __name__ == '__main__': print majorityElement([2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 3])
97ab0f8bfa2f39543d0c4eaf7b6dee0e6d49243c
TARMAH/HACKER-RANK
/Interview Preparation Kit/Search/Pairs.py
588
3.578125
4
# Complete the pairs function below. def pairs(k, arr): LIST = {} count = 0 for element in arr: if element in LIST: count+=1 else: LIST[element] = 1 if element+k in LIST: count+=1 else: LIST[element+k] = 1 return count if __name__ == '__main__': nk = input().split() n = int(nk[0]) k = int(nk[1]) arr = list(map(int, input().rstrip().split())) result = pairs(k, arr) print(result)
d5d9d102c989082062539aa29fb60de9541b0c9a
UWPCE-PythonCert-ClassRepos/Wi2018-Online
/students/ChrisH/lesson04/file_lab_copy_file.py
2,544
3.6875
4
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # ----------------------------------------------------------- # file_lab_copy_file.py # demonstrates basic file copying, using binary mode # without using shutil, or the OS copy command # ----------------------------------------------------------- import os def check_file(fname, oper): """ Takes a file name and operation in the form 'w' or 'r'. Determines if the file exists and prompts the user for confirmation action if needed. :param fname: a file name & path :param oper: 'w' if the file is to be written to, 'r' if it is to be read from :return: False - if file not found(r) or user does not want to overwrite(w). True otherwise. """ if oper == 'r' and not os.path.isfile(fname): print('Could not find file: {}'.format(fname)) return False elif oper == 'w' and os.path.isfile(fname): while True: ans = input('File "{}" already exists, overwrite (Y/n):'.format(fname)) if ans == '' or ans.lower() == 'y': break else: return False return True def bin_copyfile(file_in, file_out): """ Copies a file from file_in to file_out in 50 byte chunks. Returns bytes written, or False if file checks fail. :param file_in: file to read :param file_out: file to write :return: bytes written or False if unable to perform operation """ if not (check_file(file_in, 'r') and check_file(file_out, 'w')): return False total_bytes = 0 with open(file_in, 'rb') as file_in: # method removes need to have a file.close operation with open(file_out, 'wb') as file_out: while True: buffer = file_in.read(50) # read file in 50 byte chunks total_bytes += file_out.write(buffer) if len(buffer) < 50 or buffer == '': # buffer will be empty at end of file, or have <50 bytes break return total_bytes if __name__ == "__main__": # tests for file read/write ability assert check_file('shark.jpg','r') == True assert check_file('sk.jpg','r') == False assert check_file('shark_out.jpg', 'w') == True assert check_file('sk.jpg', 'w') == True # File copy tests. files = [ ('./shark.jpg', './shark_out.jpg'), ('./hobbes_markov.txt', './hobbes_markov_out.txt')] for file in files: print("Copy file '{}' to '{}'".format(*file)) print("Bytes written: {:d}".format(bin_copyfile(*file)))
bf4d21e79b9d4dbaa39e394ad0b9739feb97e811
abikg71/python37
/CS1030/CS1030HWQ1.py
2,838
3.921875
4
''' Abinet Kenore CS1030 HW#6 Due for July 27, 2018 Instruction Write a Python program named SalesTransaction. This program should ask the user to enter the price and name of purchased item. The program should then compute the state and county sales tax. Assume the state sales tax is 4 percent and the county sales tax is 2 percent. The program should display the item name, price of the item, the state sales tax, the county sales tax, the total sales tax, and the total of the sale (which is the sum of the amount of purchase plus the total sales tax). Hint: Use the value 0.02 to represent 2 percent, and 0.04 to represent 4 percent. ''' def main(): #Display program header print("Well Come to this Store") print("-----------------------------") print("How many Items did you purchase") choose = 0 while choose != 3: print("Choose from the Options below") print("1. One item only \n" "2. More than One item \n" "3. To Exit the system \n") choose = int(input()) if choose != 0: if choose == 1: sales_one_transaction() elif choose == 2: sales_more_transactions() elif choose ==3: print("You exit the System") else: print("The program will now exit\m" "Have Good Day") print("The program will now exit!") def sales_one_transaction(): print() print("Okay you purcchased only one item") items = str(input("Enter the purchased Item name")) price = float(input("Enter the price of purchased Item")) tol_price = price state_tax = 0.04 * price # states sales tax county_tax = 0.02 * price #county sales tax tol_tax = 0.06 *price print("-" *50) print("-" *50) print("the item name ",items + "\nprice of the item ", price, "\n the state sales tax " ,state_tax, "\n the county sales tax" ,county_tax, "\nthe total sales tax " , tol_tax, "\nthe total of the sales price is " , tol_price) print() def sales_more_transactions(): #This def will need improvement and design change print() items_list = str(input("enter the list of items you bought" .split(","))) print("You have purchased: " ,items_list) pricess = input(("Please entner Student score list separated by ,")) pricess= [int(x) for x in pricess.split(',')] sum = 0 for number in pricess: sum += number state_tax = 0.04 * sum # states sales tax county_tax = 0.02 * sum #county sales tax tol_tax = 0.06 * sum print("Total Amt paid is: ", sum) print("the state sales tax " ,state_tax) print("the county sales tax " ,county_tax) print("the total sales tax " , tol_tax) print("the total of the sales price is " , sum) print() main()
8242c6a6a72e232564359d65d9b56708d580ebc8
hvaldez24/EDXnotes
/squares.py
371
3.84375
4
from functions import square for i in range(10): print(f"The square of {i} is {square(i)}") #running this function ny itself will results in an Exception: #Traceback (most recent call last): #File "D:\Desktop\EDX Courses\EDXnotes\squares.py", line 2, in <module> #print(f"The square of {i} is {square(i)}") #NameError: name 'square' is not defined
584195a64a494a2cdc12d089df7225c8d1c68f5f
logan-lach/Algos
/contains_dup.py
949
3.53125
4
def romanToInt( s: str) -> int: roman = { 'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000 } value = 0 for i in range(len(s)): if i < len(s) - 1 and s[i] == 'I': if s[i + 1] == 'V': value += 4 continue elif s[i + 1] == 'X': value += 9 continue elif i < len(s) - 1 and s[i] == 'X': if s[i + 1] == 'L': value += 40 continue elif s[i + 1] == 'C': value += 90 continue elif i < len(s) - 1 and s[i] == 'C': if s[i + 1] == 'D': value += 400 continue elif s[i + 1] == 'M': value += 900 continue value += roman[s[i]] return value print(romanToInt('IV'))
4d6b0d9732e9c57342ad2773e4f237b9f7f3bb64
JustSayHelloWorld/python-coding-marathon
/sprint_03_[Functions]/Task_5.py
1,670
4.59375
5
"""Create decorator logger. The decorator should print to the console information about function's name and all its arguments separated with ',' for the function decorated with logger. Create function concat with any numbers of any arguments which concatenates arguments and apply logger decorator for this function. For example print(concat(2, 3)) display Executing of function concat with arguments 2, 3... 23 print(concat('hello', 2)) display Executing of function concat with arguments hello, 2... hello2 print(concat (first = 'one', second = 'two')) display Executing of function concat with arguments one, two... onetwo""" def logger(func): def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): func_arguments = [] if len(args) > 0: for each in args: func_arguments.append(each) if len(kwargs) > 0: for each in kwargs: func_arguments.append(kwargs[each]) function = func(*args, **kwargs) print(f"Executing of function {func.__name__} with arguments", end=" ") for i in range(len(func_arguments)): if i < len(func_arguments) - 1: print(func_arguments[i], end=", ") else: print(func_arguments[i], end="") print("...") return function return wrapper @logger def sum(a, b): return a + b @logger def print_arg(arg): print(arg) @logger def concat(*args, **kwargs): concated = "" if len(args) > 0: for each in args: concated += str(each) if len(kwargs) > 0: for each in kwargs: concated += str(kwargs[each]) return concated
4d9595caa0e4b145990cfb230ab79a7d71044ede
aishwarya9879/python-learnings
/temp.py
1,145
4.125
4
#declare a method for even numbers #declaring for loop with range from (0,25) even numbers # if condition num==num%2 is 0 #print if above condition is True #call above method in order to execute printing even numbers def evennumbers(): for evennumber in range(0,25): if 0==evennumber%2: print("all even numbers",evennumber) evennumbers() #Indentation # What is Indentation? # Indentation is to make statements belong to a method or if condition or loops # How to delcare indentation? # Use a tab right after next line in the same column and start the line of instruction. So, that the #instruction belongs to above line loop/method/ifcondition. # What are advantages of indentation in PYTHON? # In programming like C, Java, C++ ..developers use { , } (curly braces) to start a method and end a method or to #start a if condition, end if condition or to start a loop(while,dowhile, for) or end the loop. # But, here in python we will give indentation....instead of CURLY braces..So python executor will identify # if the instrctions belong to method/loop/if conditions......
6acd8d45823d2f2215481537206147401e40dc0a
Iso-luo/python-assignment
/practice/Lab2/HWs.py
2,944
4.25
4
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # !/usr/bin/env python # @Time: 2020-05-06 6:18 p.m. """ Q1. Write a function called estimate_pi that uses this formula to compute and return an estimate of π. It should use a while loop to compute terms of the summation until the last term is smaller than 1e- 15 (which is Python notation for 10−15). You can check the result by comparing it to math.pi. """ from math import sqrt, pow, factorial, pi, exp, e def estimate_pi(): a = 2 * sqrt(2) / 9801 k = 0 x = 0 y = 0.1 # Assign a number which bigger than 0 for y randomly!!! while y > 1e-15: y = factorial(4 * k) * (1103 + 26390 * k) / (pow(factorial(k), 4) * pow(396, (4 * k))) x += y k += 1 result = 1 / (a * x) return result # print(estimate_pi()) """ Q2. Write a function that takes a string as an argument and displays the letters backward, one per line. """ # method 1 def reverse_word(s): s = list(s) new_letter = [] for i in range(len(s)): new_letter.append(s[-i - 1]) return "".join(new_letter) # print(reverse_word("abcd")) # print(reverse_word("abcdefg")) # method2 def reverse_word2(s): letter = [] [letter.append(i) for i in s[::-1]] # [::-1] traverse from back to front return "".join(letter) # print(reverse_word2("abcdf")) """ Q3. There is a string method called count. Read the documentation of this method and write an invocation that counts the number of a(s)’ in 'banana'. """ def invocation(): s = "banana" num = s.count("a", 0, len(s)) return num # print(invocation()) """ Q4. A step size of -1 goes through the word backwards, so the slice [::-1] generates a reversed string. Use this idiom to write a one-line version of is_palindrome from lab 1. """ def is_palindrome(s): new_list = [] [new_list.append(i) for i in s[::-1]] new_word = "".join(new_list) if new_word == s: # the values of two strings are equal but addresses values are different return True return False # print(is_palindrome("abcacba")) # print(is_palindrome("redivider")) """ Q5 Write a function called has_no_e that returns True if the given word doesnt have the letter “e” in it. Modify your program from the previous section to print only the words that have no “e” and compute the percentage of the words in the list have no “e.” """ # def has_no_e(word): # if "e" not in word: # return True # return False def has_no_e(word): return not ("e" in word) # print(has_no_e("word")) def judge(): count = 0 total = 0 word_list = [] with open("/Users/a123/Desktop/words.txt", "r") as file: for i in file: if "e" not in i: count += 1 word_list.append(i[:-1]) total += 1 print(("the percentage of having no 'e': {:.2%}".format(count / total)), "\n", "\n".join(word_list)) print(judge())
d94cce2031d0b2a40974911b37fb1124af34bf96
KodairaTomonori/NLP100knock2015
/Python/01set/part02.py
215
3.53125
4
#coding: UTF-8 #文字列の連結 if __name__ == "__main__": sample1 = u"パトカー" sample2 = u"タクシー" ans = u"" for i in range(0, len(sample1) ): ans += sample1[i] + sample2[i] print ans
e9d5e16418061d1aa6a011511e4a0ec98376b320
cassiobotaro/rivendell
/cv/rectangles.py
757
3.78125
4
# Module to draw rectangles in the image import cv2 image = cv2.imread('lena.jpg') # Creates a blue rectangle over the entire width of the image image[30:50, :] = (255, 0, 0) # Creates a red square image[100:150, 50:100] = (0, 0, 255) # Created a yellow rectangle all over the image height image[:, 200:220] = (0, 255, 255) # Creates a green rectangle from line 150 to 300 on columns 250 to 350 image[150:301, 250:351] = (0, 255, 0) # Creates a cyan square from line 300 to 400 on columns 50 to 150 image[300:401, 50:251] = (255, 255, 0) # Creates a white square image[250:350, 300:400] = (255, 255, 255) # Creates a black rectangle image[70:100, 300: 450] = (0, 0, 0) cv2.imshow('Altered image', image) cv2.imwrite('rectangles.jpg', image) cv2.waitKey(0)
1bfff77bf672a02fc2aff007142f40dc139587c7
ParsaYadollahi/leetcode
/remove_duplicates_from_unsorted_LL.py
1,114
3.828125
4
''' Remove duplicates from an unsorted linked list - CTCI #2.1 ''' class LinkedList: def __init__(self): self.head = None class Node: def __init__(self, val=None): self.val = val self.next = None class Solution: def remove_duplicates_from_LL(self, head): first_node = head dic = {} prev = head dic.setdefault(head.val, 1) head = head.next while (head != None): # print(head.val) if (head.val not in dic): dic.setdefault(head.val, 1) prev = head head = head.next else: prev.next = head.next head = head.next def print_ll(self, head): while (head != None): print(head.val) head = head.next ll = LinkedList() ll.head = Node(1) n2 = Node(3) n3 = Node(2) n4 = Node(4) n5 = Node(3) n6 = Node(4) n7 = Node(5) ll.head.next = n2 n2.next = n3 n3.next = n4 n4.next = n5 n5.next = n6 n6.next = n7 s = Solution() s.remove_duplicates_from_LL(ll.head) s.print_ll(ll.head)
4dfcb6338fcf18c103a6a72bf207d8dc76f7a7bc
thebazman1998/School-Projects
/Grade 10/Unit 1/Bp_U1_Assignment7/Bp_U1_Assignment7_V1.py
491
3.984375
4
def compare( x, y ): if x < y: print x, "is less than", y elif x > y: print x, "is greater than", y else: print x, "and", y, "are equal" def isVowel( character ): if character == "a" or "e" or "i" or "o" or "u" or "A" or "E" or "I" or "O" or "U": print character, "is a vowel" elif character == "y" or "Y": print character, "is sometimes a vowel" else: print character, "is a consonant" isVowel("i")
3051f773171c91cf8ed231c931073aba8c2c1fcf
ffiiccuuss/torouterui
/torouterui/netif.py
14,488
3.59375
4
""" Helper functions for working with network interfaces and network configuration (including WiFi). """ import os import augeas from torouterui import app from util import * def parse_ip(ifname): """ Calls the ``ip`` command and parse the output to collect current status information about a given network interface (specified by ifname argument). Returns a dictionary, notably always including a 'state' string value. If the interface can not be found at all, raises a KeyError. Example ``ip link show`` string: 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000 link/ether 00:12:34:56:78:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff """ d = dict() ipinfo = cli_read_lines('ip addr show %s' % ifname) if 0 == len(ipinfo): raise KeyError('No such interface: ' + ifname) iplinkl = ipinfo[0].split() d['ifname'] = iplinkl[1][:-1] val_indexes = {'mtu': 3, 'qdisc': 5, 'state': 7, 'mode': 9, 'qlen': 11} for k, v in val_indexes.iteritems(): if len(iplinkl) > v and iplinkl[v] == k: d[k] = iplinkl[v+1] if 'LOWER_UP' in iplinkl[2][1:-1].split(","): d['state'] = "RUNNING" elif 'NO-CARRIER' in iplinkl[2][1:-1].split(","): d['state'] = "DISCONNECTED" d['ipv4addrs'] = list() d['ipv6addrs'] = list() for l in ipinfo[1:]: # iterate through the address lines l = l.split() if l[0] == "link/ether": d['mac'] = l[1] elif l[0] == "inet": d['ipv4addrs'].append(dict( addr=l[1].split('/')[0], prefix=int(l[1].split('/')[1]), mask=prefix_to_ipv4_mask(int(l[1].split('/')[1])), scope=l[5])) elif l[0] == "inet6": d['ipv6addrs'].append(dict( addr=l[1].split('/')[0], prefix=int(l[1].split('/')[1]), scope=l[3])) return d def parse_iw(ifname): """ Calls the ``iw`` command and parse the output to collect current status information about a given network interface (specified by ifname argument). Returns a dictionary, notably always including a 'radio_state' string value. If the interface can not be found at all, raises a KeyError. Example `iw dev wlan0 link` string (sic): Connected to c0:25:06:51:22:9b (on wlan0) SSID: fleischfressendepflanze freq: 2427 RX: 73744193 bytes (456838 packets) TX: 3269174 bytes (19709 packets) signal: -44 dBm tx bitrate: 72.2 MBit/s MCS 7 short GI bss flags: dtim period: 0 beacon int: 100 """ d = dict() iwinfo = cli_read_lines('iw dev %s link' % ifname) if 0 == len(iwinfo): raise KeyError('No such interface: ' + ifname) if iwinfo[0].strip() == "Not connected.": d['radio_state'] = "disabled" return d else: d['radio_state'] = "enabled" for l in iwinfo: l = l.strip() if l.startswith("SSID:"): d['ssid'] = l[6:].strip() elif l.startswith("freq:"): d['freq'] = "%sMHz" % l.split()[-1].strip() elif l.startswith("signal:"): d['signal_dbm'] = l.split()[1] elif l.startswith("tx bitrate:"): d['signal_throughput'] = ' '.join(l.split()[2:4]) return d def parse_uaputl(): """ Calls the ``uaputl`` command and parses the output to collect current status information about a DreamPlug WiFi uap device. Returns a dictionary, notably always including a 'state' string value. Example `uaputl sys_config` string (sic): AP settings: SSID = torproject Basic Rates = 0x82 0x84 0x8b 0x96 Non-Basic Rates = 0xc 0x12 0x18 0x24 0x30 0x48 0x60 0x6c AP MAC address = 00:66:66:66:66:66 Beacon period = 100 DTIM period = 1 Tx power = 13 dBm SSID broadcast = enabled Preamble type = short Rx antenna = A Tx antenna = A Radio = on Firmware = handles intra-BSS packets RTS threshold = 2347 Fragmentation threshold = 2346 Tx data rate = auto STA ageout timer = 1800 WEP KEY_0 = 00 00 00 00 00 Default WEP Key = 0 WEP KEY_1 = 00 00 00 00 00 WEP KEY_2 = 00 00 00 00 00 WEP KEY_3 = 00 00 00 00 00 AUTHMODE = Open authentication Filter Mode = Filter table is disabled PROTOCOL = No security Max Station Number = 8 Retry Limit = 7 Channel = 6 Channel Select Mode = Manual Channels List = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MCBC data rate = auto Group re-key time = 86400 second KeyMgmt = PSK PairwiseCipher = None GroupCipher = None WPA passphrase = None 802.11D setting: State = disabled Dot11d = country code is not set. Bad address ERR:UAP_POWER_MODE is not supported by uap0 """ d = dict() uapinfo = cli_read_lines('uaputl sys_config') if 0 == len(uapinfo): raise Exception('problem reading uaputl configuration') for l in uapinfo: l = l.strip() if l.startswith("Radio ="): d['radio_state'] = l[8:].strip() if l.startswith("AUTHMODE ="): d['auth_mode'] = l[10:].strip() if l.startswith("SSID ="): d['ssid'] = l[7:].strip() if l.startswith("SSID broadcast ="): d['ssid_broadcast'] = l[17:].strip() elif l.startswith("Channel ="): d['channel'] = l[10:].strip() elif l.startswith("Tx power ="): d['tx_power'] = l[11:].strip() elif l.startswith("Tx data rate ="): d['data_rate'] = l[15:].strip() if d['radio_state'] == 'on': d['state'] = "ENABLED" return d def read_augeas_ifinfo(ifname): d = dict() aug = augeas.Augeas(flags=augeas.Augeas.NO_MODL_AUTOLOAD) aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/lens", "Interfaces.lns") aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/incl", "/etc/network/interfaces") aug.load() for iface in aug.match("/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface"): if aug.get(iface) == ifname: if aug.get(iface + "/family") == 'inet': d['ipv4method'] = aug.get(iface + "/method") if d['ipv4method'] == 'manual': d['ipv4method'] = 'disabled' d['ipv4addr'] = aug.get(iface + "/address") d['ipv4netmask'] = aug.get(iface + "/netmask") d['ipv4gateway'] = aug.get(iface + "/gateway") d['ipv4mtu'] = aug.get(iface + "/mtu") d['ipv4mac'] = aug.get(iface + "/hwaddress") elif aug.get(iface + "/family") == 'inet6': # handle ipv6 stuff pass aug.close() return d aug.close() return None def write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, settings, method='disabled'): d = dict() aug = augeas.Augeas(flags=augeas.Augeas.NO_MODL_AUTOLOAD) aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/lens", "Interfaces.lns") aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/incl", "/etc/network/interfaces") aug.load() path = None for iface in aug.match("/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface"): if aug.get(iface) == ifname and aug.get(iface + "/family") == 'inet': path = iface if not path: # insert iface if len(aug.match("/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface")) == 0: # no interfaces at all, insert wherever path = "/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface" aug.set(path, ifname) else: aug.insert("/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface", "iface", before=False) path = aug.match("/files/etc/network/interfaces/iface")[-1] aug.set(path, ifname) assert path, "require path to be set" aug.set(path + "/family", 'inet') if method == 'disabled': aug.set(path + "/method", 'manual') aug.remove(path + "/address") aug.remove(path + "/netmask") aug.remove(path + "/gateway") elif method == 'dhcp': aug.set(path + "/method", 'dhcp') aug.remove(path + "/address") aug.remove(path + "/netmask") aug.remove(path + "/gateway") elif method == 'static': aug.set(path + "/method", 'static') aug.set(path + "/address", str(settings['ipv4addr'])) aug.set(path + "/netmask", str(settings['ipv4netmask'])) if settings.has_key('ipv4gateway'): aug.set(path + "/gateway", str(settings['ipv4gateway'])) else: raise ValueError("unrecognized network interface method: " + method) print "committing with augeas..." aug.save() print "augeas errors: %s" % aug.get("/augeas/error") aug.close() def read_augeas_dnsmasq(interface): """ interface arg should be one of lan or wifi """ d = dict() aug = augeas.Augeas(flags=augeas.Augeas.NO_MODL_AUTOLOAD) aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/lens", "Dnsmasq.lns") aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/incl", "/etc/dnsmasq.d/%s" % interface) aug.load() dhcp_range = aug.get("/files/etc/dnsmasq.d/%s/dhcp-range" % interface) if dhcp_range and len(dhcp_range.split(',')) == 4: d['dhcpbase'] = dhcp_range.split(',')[0] d['dhcptop'] = dhcp_range.split(',')[1] d['dhcpnetmask'] = dhcp_range.split(',')[2] d['dhcptime'] = dhcp_range.split(',')[3] aug.close() return d def write_augeas_dnsmasq(interface, form): """ interface arg should be one of lan or wifi """ aug = augeas.Augeas(flags=augeas.Augeas.NO_MODL_AUTOLOAD) aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/lens", "Dnsmasq.lns") aug.set("/augeas/load/Interfaces/incl", "/etc/dnsmasq.d/%s" % interface) aug.load() dhcp_range = ','.join([form['dhcpbase'], form['dhcptop'], form['dhcpnetmask'], form['dhcptime']]) print dhcp_range aug.set("/files/etc/dnsmasq.d/%s/dhcp-range" % interface, str(dhcp_range)) print "committing with augeas..." aug.save() print "augeas errors: %s" % aug.get("/augeas/error") aug.close() return def get_wan_status(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WAN_IF'] d = dict() try: d.update(parse_ip(ifname)) except KeyError: return None return d def get_lan_status(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['LAN_IF'] d = dict() try: d.update(parse_ip(ifname)) except KeyError: return None return d def get_wifi_status(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WIFI_IF'] d = dict() try: d.update(parse_ip(ifname)) except KeyError, ke: return None if ifname.startswith('wlan'): d.update(parse_iw(ifname)) else: d.update(parse_uaputl()) return d def get_wan_settings(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WAN_IF'] return read_augeas_ifinfo(ifname) def save_wan_settings(form, ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WAN_IF'] write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, method=form['ipv4method'], settings=form) if form['ipv4method'] == 'disabled': print "ifdown..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) else: print "ifup..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) os.system("ifup %s &" % ifname) def get_lan_settings(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['LAN_IF'] d = read_augeas_ifinfo(ifname) d['ipv4enable'] = bool(d['ipv4method'] != 'manual') and 'true' d.update(read_augeas_dnsmasq('lan')) return d def save_lan_settings(form, ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['LAN_IF'] if form.get('ipv4enable') != 'true': write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, method='disabled', settings=form) print "ifdown..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) else: write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, method='static', settings=form) print "ifup..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) os.system("ifup %s &" % ifname) write_augeas_dnsmasq('lan', form) os.system("/etc/init.d/dnsmasq reload &") def get_wifi_settings(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WIFI_IF'] d = dict() ifinfo = read_augeas_ifinfo(ifname) print "ifinfo: %s" % ifinfo if ifinfo: d.update(ifinfo) d.update(read_augeas_dnsmasq('wifi')) return d def save_wifi_settings(ifname=None): if not ifname: # grab configuration at run time, not earlier ifname = app.config['WIFI_IF'] # TODO: need to go in to deep interfaces action here... if form.get('wifienable') != 'true': write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, method='disabled', settings=form) print "ifdown..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) else: write_augeas_ifinfo(ifname, method='static', settings=form) print "ifup..." os.system("ifdown %s" % ifname) os.system("ifup %s &" % ifname) write_augeas_dnsmasq('wifi', form) os.system("/etc/init.d/dnsmasq reload &") pass def is_valid_ipv4(s): # TODO: this is a hack l = s.split('.') if not len(l) == 4: return False try: l = map(int, l) except ValueError: return False if l[0] > 255 or l[1] > 255 or l[2] > 255 or l[3] > 255: return False if l[0] == 0 or l[3] == 0: return False return True def is_valid_ipv4mask(s): # TODO: this is a hack l = s.split('.') if not len(l) == 4: return False try: l = map(int, l) except ValueError: return False if l[0] > 255 or l[1] > 255 or l[2] > 255 or l[3] > 255: return False return True
705042d8008f6639f73e0f8c17cc1f52026002b7
Ran-oops/python
/1python基础/01 Python基础/09/tuple2.py
679
4.3125
4
#序列操作 ''' #加法 tuple1 = ('王泽东','王泽西','王泽南','王泽北') tuple2 = ('王泽左','王泽右','王泽前','王泽后') result = tuple1 + tuple2 print(result) #乘法 tuple1 = ('男学生','女学生') result = tuple1 * 5 print(result) #索引 tuple1 = ('西施','貂蝉','王昭君','杨玉环') print(tuple1[2]) ''' #分片 tuple1 = ('吕布','许褚','典韦','关羽','张飞','赵云') print(tuple1[2:5]) print(tuple1[:5]) print(tuple1[2:]) print(tuple1[:]) print(tuple1[1::2]) #成员检测 tuple1 = ('小鸡','小鸭','小鹅','小鸟') result = '小鸡' in tuple1 print(result) result = '小鸭鸭' not in tuple1 print(result)
c7f898f5a88bae4bae31478182410bb32992cbf1
varshakohirkar/python-learning
/strings.py
236
3.75
4
shoppinglist="milk,carrots,apples,eggs,water" p=shoppinglist[2] print(p) shoppinglist1=["milk","carrots","apples","eggs","water"] s=shoppinglist1[3] print(s) shoppinglist1[3]="chocolates" print(shoppinglist1) print(shoppinglist1[4])
853ab80a3b0b6b2b581f5c5acd4fec9b0939f7c2
RajParab/100DaysOfAlgo
/Day 75/BinToInt.py
310
3.625
4
#Question - https://leetcode.com/problems/convert-binary-number-in-a-linked-list-to-integer class Solution: def getDecimalValue(self, head: ListNode) -> int: num='' while head: num+=str(head.val) head=head.next ans=int(num,2) return ans
923444d720920c19754debbaf4257583677990cf
chloechao/coursera
/2048/merge.py
780
4.03125
4
#!/usr/bin/python def merge(line): """ Function that merges a single row or column in 2048. """ new_line = [] #removed all zero item new_line += [ item for item in line if item != 0 ] #replaced with a tile of twice the value index = 0 while index < len(new_line)-1: if new_line[index] == new_line[index+1]: new_line[index] = int(new_line[index]) * 2 new_line.pop(index+1) index += 1 #appended zero to the new list new_line += [ 0 for i in range(len(new_line),len(line)) ] return new_line list0=[2, 0, 2, 4] list1=[0, 0, 2, 2] list2=[2, 2, 0, 0] list3=[2, 2, 2, 2, 2] list4=[8, 16, 16, 8] print merge(list0) print merge(list1) print merge(list2) print merge(list3) print merge(list4)
60e01f4b137b1f8846237936669ed643fee588e6
jpmacveigh/WCS-AROME-PYTHON
/distanceOrthodromique.py
1,165
3.828125
4
import math def distanceOrthodromique (rlonb,rlatb,rlonc,rlatc): ''' c J.P. Mac Veigh le 27/2/88 c Calcul de la distance (m) orthodromique entre deux points B et C de la surface c de la terre définis par leur latitude et longitude. c On résoud le triangle sphérique formé par les deux points et le pôle c nord et dont on connait deux côtés (les compléments des latitudes c des deux points) et l'angle compris (la différence des longitudes des c deux points). c Référence: Cours d'Astronomie c H. Andoyer c première partie, troisième édition, page 24 c Librairie Scientifique J. Hermann, 1923. */''' if rlonb==rlonc and rlatb==rlatc : return 0. r=6366.2031 # rayon de la terre en km pi=math.pi a=(rlonc-rlonb)*(pi/180) rc=(pi/2)-(rlatb*pi/180) rb=(pi/2)-(rlatc*pi/180) x=math.cos(rb)*math.cos(rc)+math.sin(rb)*math.sin(rc)*math.cos(a) if x>1. : x=1. elif x<-1.: x=-1. ra=math.acos(x) d=ra*r return 1000.*abs(d) # retour en mètres #print (distanceOrthodromique(0.,0.,1.,0.))
4f2c2666e1bf10b1323ac55c5f431e258b391929
momentum-cohort-2019-09/examples-mystery-word
/mystery_word_test.py
3,021
3.546875
4
import mystery_word as m def test_display_word_uppercase(): assert m.display_word(word="FEATHEREDGED", guesses=['F', 'D']) == "F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ D" assert m.display_word(word="CAT", guesses=['C']) == "C _ _" def test_display_word_lowercase(): assert m.display_word(word="featheredged", guesses=['f', 'd']) == "F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ D" def test_display_word_mixedcase(): assert m.display_word(word="featheredged", guesses=['F', 'D']) == "F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D _ _ D" def test_display_word_all_guesses(): assert m.display_word(word="CAT", guesses=['C', 'A', 'T']) == "C A T" def test_is_valid_letter_good_input(): assert m.is_valid_letter("c") assert m.is_valid_letter("Z") def test_is_valid_letter_multiple_letters(): assert not m.is_valid_letter("cn") def test_is_valid_letter_empty_string(): assert not m.is_valid_letter("") def test_is_valid_letter_with_nonletters(): assert not m.is_valid_letter("1") assert not m.is_valid_letter('!') def test_has_been_guessed(): assert m.has_been_guessed("A", correct_guesses=["A", "T"], incorrect_guesses=["D"]) assert m.has_been_guessed("A", correct_guesses=["T"], incorrect_guesses=["A", "D"]) def test_has_been_guessed_false(): assert not m.has_been_guessed( "A", correct_guesses=["T", "Z"], incorrect_guesses=["D"]) def test_game_can_be_made(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") assert game.word == "beluga" assert len(game.correct_guesses) == 0 assert len(game.incorrect_guesses) == 0 def test_game_is_not_over_if_no_guesses(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") assert not game.is_game_over() def test_game_over_from_incorrect_guesses(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.incorrect_guesses = ["c", "d", "f", "h", "i", "j", "k", "m"] assert game.is_game_over() game.incorrect_guesses.append("z") assert game.is_game_over() def test_game_over_from_correct_guesses(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.correct_guesses = ["b", "e", "l", "u", "g", "a"] assert game.is_game_over() def test_have_all_letters_been_guessed_true(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.correct_guesses = ["b", "e", "l", "u", "g", "a"] assert game.have_all_letters_been_guessed() def test_add_guess_adds_correct_guess(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.add_guess("b") assert len(game.correct_guesses) == 1 assert len(game.incorrect_guesses) == 0 def test_add_guess_adds_correct_guess_case_insensitive(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.add_guess("B") assert len(game.correct_guesses) == 1 assert len(game.incorrect_guesses) == 0 def test_add_guess_adds_incorrect_guess(): game = m.Game(word="beluga") game.add_guess("d") assert len(game.correct_guesses) == 0 assert len(game.incorrect_guesses) == 1
67bc7687e6b5534794bb6430e64126ce1782c71e
Tedigom/Alghorithm_practice
/180222_Q01.py
1,031
3.765625
4
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # python3 180222_Q01.py ''' 1. map() 함수 map(f, iterable)은 함수 (f)와 반복 가능한(iterable) 자료형을 입력받는다.map은 입력받은 자료형의 각 요소가 함수 f에 의해 수행된 결과를 묶어서 리턴하는 함수이다. def two_times(numberList): result = [ ] for number in numberList: result.append(number*2) return result result = two_times([1, 2, 3, 4]) print(result) 이와 같은 형태의 코드를 def two_times(x): return x*2 list(map(two_times,[1,2,3,4])) 형태로 바꿀 수 있다. 2. split() 함수 a = "I have a dog" a.split() # ['I','have','a','dog'] 형태로 나누어준다. b = "1:2:3:4" b.split(':') #['1','2','3','4'] ''' ''' 문제 : 두 수 A와 B를 입력받은 다음, A+B를 출력하는 프로그램을 작성하시오. ''' # a = input("a 를 입력하세요") # b = input("b 를 입력하세요") # print(int(a)+int(b)) # 를 아래와 같이 변형할 수 있다. a,b = map(int, input().split()) print(a+b)
d79fe96ed14a061ff081367f9228760233ac5476
litsdm/Tweet-Generator
/challenges/anagram_generator.py
392
3.78125
4
from itertools import permutations import sys import dictionary_words def generate_anagrams(): word = sys.argv[1] perms = [''.join(p) for p in permutations(word)] possible_words = set(perms) dict_words = dictionary_words.read_words() all_words = set(dict_words) return possible_words & all_words if __name__ == '__main__': print ' '.join(generate_anagrams())
468f51c8e283b1cb9b8da17ede79d2f66a159344
Jcazub/AutomateTheBoringStuffProjects
/commaCode.py
336
3.78125
4
def convertToSentence(passedList): sentence = "" for i in range(len(passedList)): if i == len(passedList) - 1: sentence += "and " + str(passedList[i]) else: sentence += str(passedList[i]) + ", " return sentence print(convertToSentence(['spam','eggs','bacon', 'orange juice']))
1e2ca5e17317be0b6bd953da01b8c6b43bd77003
jsebastiansalazar7/ai-algorithms
/Tree.py
2,028
4.03125
4
__author__ = 'Juan Sebastian Salazar Aguirre' ## TREE STRUCTURE ## Definition of the class Nodo class Nodo: ## Define constructor of the class ## It receives a data to store on a node and optionally a list of children def __init__(self, datos, hijos = None): self.datos = datos self.hijos = None self.padre = None self.coste = None self.setHijos(hijos) ## Define method to set children ## Assigns a list of children to the node def setHijos(self, hijos): self.hijos = hijos if self.hijos != None: for h in self.hijos: h.padre = self ## Define method to get children ## Returns a list with the children of the node def getHijos(self): return self.hijos ## Define method to get the father ## Returns the parent node def getFather(self): return self.padre ## Define method to set father ## Assigns the parent node of the current node def setPadre(self, padre): self.padre = padre ## Define method to set data ## Assigns a data to the current node def setDatos(self, datos): self.datos = datos ## Define method to get data ## Return the stored data of the node def getDatos(self): return self.datos ## Define method to set cost ## Define a weight for the node in the tree def setCoste(self, coste): self.coste = coste ## Define method to get cost ## Return the weight of the node in the tree def getCoste(self): return self.coste ## Define method def igual(self, nodo): if self.getDatos() == nodo.getDatos(): return True else: return False ## Define method def isListed(self, listaNodos): Listed = False for n in listaNodos: if self.igual(n): Listed = True return Listed ## Define method def __str__(self): return str(self.getDatos())
5d56344089c054ad6e29e661dcee5dfde4ba4532
nishizumi-lab/sample
/python/basic/time/datetime/date_year.py
224
3.875
4
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import datetime as dt def main(): date = dt.datetime(2017, 1, 1, 0, 0) for i in range(365): print(date) date += dt.timedelta(days=1) if __name__=='__main__': main()
3617c7182fae78b685925265137b0f6afe6bfee3
IrinaAg/training_projects_python
/lesson_004/02_global_color.py
2,897
3.875
4
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import simple_draw as sd # Добавить цвет в функции рисования геом. фигур. из упр lesson_004/01_shapes.py # (код функций скопировать сюда и изменить) # Запросить у пользователя цвет фигуры посредством выбора из существующих: # вывести список всех цветов с номерами и ждать ввода номера желаемого цвета. # Потом нарисовать все фигуры этим цветом # Пригодятся функции # sd.get_point() # sd.line() # sd.get_vector() # и константы COLOR_RED, COLOR_ORANGE, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_GREEN, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_BLUE, COLOR_PURPLE # Результат решения см lesson_004/results/exercise_02_global_color.jpg def draw_figure(point, angle, start_angle, length): for angle in range(0, 360 - angle, angle): v = sd.get_vector(start_point=point, angle=angle + start_angle, length=length, width=3) v.draw(color=color) point = v.end_point sd.line(start_point=point, end_point=point_0, color=color, width=3) def triangle(point, start_angle, length=100): draw_figure(point=point, angle=120, start_angle=start_angle, length=length) def square(point, start_angle, length=100): draw_figure(point=point, angle=90, start_angle=start_angle, length=length) def pentagon(point, start_angle, length=100): draw_figure(point=point, angle=72, start_angle=start_angle, length=length) def hexagon(point, start_angle, length=100): draw_figure(point=point, angle=60, start_angle=start_angle, length=length) colors = { '0': {'color_name': 'red', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_RED}, '1': {'color_name': 'orange', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_ORANGE}, '2': {'color_name': 'yellow', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_YELLOW}, '3': {'color_name': 'green', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_GREEN}, '4': {'color_name': 'cyan', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_CYAN}, '5': {'color_name': 'blue', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_BLUE}, '6': {'color_name': 'purple', 'sd_name': sd.COLOR_PURPLE} } print('Возможные цвета:') for code, val in colors.items(): print(code, ':', val['color_name']) while True: user_input = input('Введите желаемый цвет >') if user_input in colors: color = colors[user_input]['sd_name'] break else: print("Вы ввели некорректный номер") point_0 = sd.get_point(150, 130) triangle(point=point_0, start_angle=25, length=100) point_0 = sd.get_point(400, 130) square(point=point_0, start_angle=25, length=100) point_0 = sd.get_point(150, 350) pentagon(point=point_0, start_angle=25, length=100) point_0 = sd.get_point(450, 350) hexagon(point=point_0, start_angle=25, length=100) sd.pause() #зачет!
ec962a698c6b15d86f086a502ff5a660fcd27730
sagardhumal26/PythonCodes
/MergeSort.py
980
4.0625
4
def merge_list(left,right): result = [] left_idx,right_idx=0,0 while left_idx<len(left) and right_idx<len(right): if left[left_idx]<right[right_idx]: result.append(left[left_idx]) left_idx+=1 else: result.append(right[right_idx]) right_idx+=1 if left: result.extend(left[left_idx:]) if right: result.extend(right[right_idx:]) return result def mergeSort(arr): if len(arr)<=1: return arr mid=len(arr)//2 left = arr[:mid] right = arr[mid:] left=mergeSort(left) right=mergeSort(right) return merge_list(left,right) def printList(arr): for item in arr: print(item,end=" ") print() if __name__=='__main__': arr = [12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7] print ("Given array is", end="\n") printList(arr) arr=mergeSort(arr) print("Sorted array is: ", end="\n") printList(arr)
8a118f2782af6a484675c1fe883f7a210b2f7448
ethanmad/c4cs-f16-rpn
/test_rpn.py
702
3.546875
4
import unittest import rpn class TestBasics(unittest.TestCase): def test_add(self): result = rpn.calculate("1 1 +") self.assertEqual(2, result) def test_subtract(self): result = rpn.calculate("5 3 -") self.assertEqual(2, result) def test_multiply(self): result = rpn.calculate("7 -5 *") self.assertEqual(-35, result) def test_divide(self): result = rpn.calculate("39 13 /") self.assertEqual(3, result) def test_power(self): result = rpn.calculate("2 7 ^") self.assertEqual(128, result) def test_toomanythings(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): rpn.calculate("1 2 3 +")
cbec9f9d8b94ef82f2484159c36e91da2df0bf92
bedros-bzdigian/intro-to-python
/week 4/homework/problem2.py
192
3.71875
4
d = {"name":"Armen","age":15,"grades":[10,8,8,4,6,7]} v = 0 for x in (d["grades"]): v = v + x v = v / 6 if v > 7: print ("Good job! " ) else: print ("you need to work more ")
96be5b29676937dd5edcf3b9ca96c412d65a1578
jonhusen/learning-python
/pluralsight/phonebook_unittest/test_phonebook.py
1,516
3.90625
4
import unittest from .phonebook import PhoneBook class PhoneBookTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self) -> None: self.phonebook = PhoneBook() def test_lookup_by_name(self): self.phonebook.add("Bob", "12345") number = self.phonebook.lookup("Bob") self.assertEqual("12345", number) def test_missing_name(self): with self.assertRaises(KeyError): self.phonebook.lookup("missing") def test_empty_phonebook_is_consistent(self): self.assertTrue(self.phonebook.is_consistent()) def test_is_consistent_with_different_entries(self): self.phonebook.add("Bob", "12345") self.phonebook.add("Anna", "012345") self.assertTrue(self.phonebook.is_consistent()) def test_inconsistent_with_duplicate_entries(self): self.phonebook.add("Bob", "12345") self.phonebook.add("Sue", "12345") self.assertFalse(self.phonebook.is_consistent()) def test_inconsistent_with_duplicate_prefix(self): self.phonebook.add("Bob", "12345") self.phonebook.add("Sue", "123") self.assertFalse(self.phonebook.is_consistent()) def test_phonebook_adds_names_and_numbers(self): # Example of where two asserts might be reasonable in a test # This tests the add method for correct insertion of name and number self.phonebook.add("Sue", "123343") self.assertIn("Sue", self.phonebook.get_names()) self.assertIn("123343", self.phonebook.get_numbers())
175d335184d8ea162218a9687988bdaa003a15e2
ArchAngelEU/training-
/class.py
799
3.6875
4
import statistics class Student: # To access class variables need to use the instance .self or the class itself .Student email_prefix = ['@uel.ac.uk', '@uel.admin.uk'] # Init method for a class def __init__(self, first, last, grades): self.first = first self.last = last self.grades = grades self.email = f'{first}{last}{self.email_prefix[1]} ' self.average = f' Average Grade for {first} {last} {sum(grades) // len(grades)}%' full_name = lambda self : f'{self.first} {self.last}' student_1 = Student('Joe','Jacques', [145, 66, 77,88]) # Calling a call method full_name() print(Student.full_name(student_1)) print(student_1.email) print(student_1.average)
adc34481d81237296fae4c7a9a0316136e293153
Aasthaengg/IBMdataset
/Python_codes/p02771/s807871419.py
119
3.53125
4
# coding: utf-8 # Your code here! A=set(map(int,input().split())) if len(A)==2: print("Yes") else: print("No")
2e9962def83ce4ae9642bfdb25bac711bb12e352
lichangg/myleet
/titles/6. Z 字形变换.py
429
3.703125
4
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- class Solution: def convert(self, s: str, numRows: int) -> str: if numRows < 2:return s res = ['' for _ in range(numRows)] idx, flag = 0, -1 for string in s: res[idx] += string if idx == 0 or idx == numRows-1:flag = -flag idx +=flag return ''.join(res) a=Solution().convert('PAYPALISHIRING', 3) print(a)
39fc26a5af186b4e554d2ac0c64ae5c0b6621418
gschen/sctu-ds-2020
/1906101119-祝源/day0303课后作业/test01.py
405
3.8125
4
# 1.创建Person类,属性有姓名、年龄、性别,创建方法personInfo,打印这个人的信息 class Person(): def __init__(self,name,age,sex): self.name = name self.age = age self.sex = sex def personInfo(self): print('姓名:%s 年龄:%s 性别:%s' %(self.name,self.age,self.sex)) student1 = Person('祝源','18','男') student1.personInfo()
1bdefd2d9df70e413b493cdcb9ccdb9466d81864
cassyhyy/ml_assignment_1B
/multiAgents.py
12,722
4.09375
4
from util import manhattanDistance from game import Directions import random, util from game import Agent class ReflexAgent(Agent): """ A reflex agent chooses an action at each choice point by examining its alternatives via a state evaluation function. The code below is provided as a guide. You are welcome to change it in any way you see fit, so long as you don't touch our method headers. """ def getAction(self, gameState): """ You do not need to change this method, but you're welcome to. getAction chooses among the best options according to the evaluation function. Just like in the previous project, getAction takes a GameState and returns some Directions.X for some X in the set {North, South, West, East, Stop} """ # Collect legal moves and successor states legalMoves = gameState.getLegalActions() # Choose one of the best actions scores = [self.evaluationFunction(gameState, action) for action in legalMoves] bestScore = max(scores) bestIndices = [index for index in range(len(scores)) if scores[index] == bestScore] chosenIndex = random.choice(bestIndices) # Pick randomly among the best "Add more of your code here if you want to" return legalMoves[chosenIndex] def evaluationFunction(self, currentGameState, action): """ Design a better evaluation function here. The evaluation function takes in the current and proposed successor GameStates (pacman.py) and returns a number, where higher numbers are better. The code below extracts some useful information from the state, like the remaining food (newFood) and Pacman position after moving (newPos). newScaredTimes holds the number of moves that each ghost will remain scared because of Pacman having eaten a power pellet. Print out these variables to see what you're getting, then combine them to create a masterful evaluation function. """ # Useful information you can extract from a GameState (pacman.py) prevFood = currentGameState.getFood() successorGameState = currentGameState.generatePacmanSuccessor(action) newPos = successorGameState.getPacmanPosition() #(x,y) newFood = successorGameState.getFood() #foodGrid newGhostStates = successorGameState.getGhostStates() #game.AgentState newScaredTimes = [ghostState.scaredTimer for ghostState in newGhostStates] "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" maxNum = newFood.width + newFood.height minGhostDistance = maxNum # 离鬼的最小距离 eatGhostChance = 0 # 吃掉鬼的机会 # 获取pacman距最近鬼的距离 for state in newGhostStates: ghostDistance = manhattanDistance(newPos, state.getPosition()) # if ghostDistance < minGhostDistance and state.scaredTimer: # minGhostDistance = ghostDistance if state.scaredTimer - ghostDistance > eatGhostChance: eatGhostChance = state.scaredTimer - ghostDistance # 当不能吃掉鬼时,才计算与鬼的距离 elif ghostDistance < minGhostDistance: minGhostDistance = ghostDistance # 获取pacman距最近食物的距离 foodPosition = newFood.asList() minFoodDistance = 0 if len(foodPosition) > 0: minFoodDistance = min([manhattanDistance(newPos,p) for p in foodPosition]) # pacman离鬼、食物最近距离要+1才做倒数处理,因为可能被除数=0 result = successorGameState.getScore() - 1.0/(minGhostDistance+1) + 1.0/(minFoodDistance+1) + eatGhostChance return result def scoreEvaluationFunction(currentGameState): """ This default evaluation function just returns the score of the state. The score is the same one displayed in the Pacman GUI. This evaluation function is meant for use with adversarial search agents (not reflex agents). """ return currentGameState.getScore() class MultiAgentSearchAgent(Agent): """ This class provides some common elements to all of your multi-agent searchers. Any methods defined here will be available to the MinimaxPacmanAgent, AlphaBetaPacmanAgent & ExpectimaxPacmanAgent. You *do not* need to make any changes here, but you can if you want to add functionality to all your adversarial search agents. Please do not remove anything, however. Note: this is an abstract class: one that should not be instantiated. It's only partially specified, and designed to be extended. Agent (game.py) is another abstract class. """ def __init__(self, evalFn = 'scoreEvaluationFunction', depth = '2'): self.index = 0 # Pacman is always agent index 0 self.evaluationFunction = util.lookup(evalFn, globals()) self.depth = int(depth) class MinimaxAgent(MultiAgentSearchAgent): """ Your minimax agent (question 2) """ def getAction(self, gameState): """ Returns the minimax action from the current gameState using self.depth and self.evaluationFunction. Here are some method calls that might be useful when implementing minimax. gameState.getLegalActions(agentIndex): Returns a list of legal actions for an agent agentIndex=0 means Pacman, ghosts are >= 1 gameState.generateSuccessor(agentIndex, action): Returns the successor game state after an agent takes an action gameState.getNumAgents(): Returns the total number of agents in the game gameState.isWin(): Returns whether or not the game state is a winning state gameState.isLose(): Returns whether or not the game state is a losing state """ "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" return self.minimax(gameState, 0)[0] util.raiseNotDefined() # minimax的递归,返回(action, bestScore) def minimax(self, gameState, depth): agentNum = gameState.getNumAgents() # 当遍历深度足够或者游戏结束时,返回(None,当前分数) if depth == agentNum * self.depth or gameState.isWin() or gameState.isLose(): return (None, self.evaluationFunction(gameState)) # 记录变量 agentIndex = depth % agentNum legalMoves = gameState.getLegalActions(agentIndex) scores = [] for action in legalMoves: newState = gameState.generateSuccessor(agentIndex, action) scores.append(self.minimax(newState, depth+1)[1]) # 依据agentIndex记录bestScores,当agent为pacman时取scores的最大值,为ghost时取最小值 if agentIndex == 0: bestScore = max(scores) else: bestScore = min(scores) bestIndices = [index for index in range(len(scores)) if scores[index] == bestScore] chosenIndex = random.choice(bestIndices) # Pick randomly among the best return (legalMoves[chosenIndex], bestScore) class AlphaBetaAgent(MultiAgentSearchAgent): """ Your minimax agent with alpha-beta pruning (question 3) """ def getAction(self, gameState): """ Returns the minimax action using self.depth and self.evaluationFunction """ "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" return self.minimax(gameState, 0, -9999, 9999)[0] util.raiseNotDefined() # minimax的递归,返回(action, bestScore, aplha, beta) def minimax(self, gameState, depth, alpha, beta): agentNum = gameState.getNumAgents() # 当遍历深度足够或者游戏结束时,返回(None,当前分数) if depth == agentNum * self.depth or gameState.isWin() or gameState.isLose(): return (None, self.evaluationFunction(gameState)) # 记录变量 agentIndex = depth % agentNum legalMoves = gameState.getLegalActions(agentIndex) minScore = 9999 maxScore = -9999 for action in legalMoves: newState = gameState.generateSuccessor(agentIndex, action) value = self.minimax(newState, depth + 1, alpha, beta)[1] if agentIndex == 0: # find max: 判断v>beta? if value >= maxScore: maxScore = value chooseAction = action if value > beta: return (chooseAction, maxScore) # max结点:确定alpha alpha = max(alpha, maxScore) else: # find min: 判断v<alpha? if value <= minScore: minScore = value chooseAction = action if value < alpha: return (chooseAction, minScore) # min结点:确定beta beta = min(beta, minScore) # 依据agentIndex记录bestScore,当agent为pacman时取max,为ghost时取min if agentIndex == 0: bestScore = maxScore else: bestScore = minScore return (chooseAction, bestScore) class ExpectimaxAgent(MultiAgentSearchAgent): """ Your expectimax agent (question 4) """ def getAction(self, gameState): """ Returns the expectimax action using self.depth and self.evaluationFunction All ghosts should be modeled as choosing uniformly at random from their legal moves. """ "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" return self.expectimax(gameState, 0)[0] util.raiseNotDefined() # expectimax的递归,返回(action, bestScore) def expectimax(self, gameState, depth): agentNum = gameState.getNumAgents() # 当遍历深度足够或者游戏结束时,返回(None,当前分数) if depth == agentNum * self.depth or gameState.isWin() or gameState.isLose(): return (None, self.evaluationFunction(gameState)) # 记录变量 agentIndex = depth % agentNum legalMoves = gameState.getLegalActions(agentIndex) probability = 1.0 / len(legalMoves) scores = [] averageScore = 0 for action in legalMoves: newState = gameState.generateSuccessor(agentIndex, action) if agentIndex == 0: scores.append(self.expectimax(newState, depth + 1)[1]) else: averageScore += probability * self.expectimax(newState, depth + 1)[1] # 当前agent为ghost时,返回averageScore;为pacman时返回最大分数 if agentIndex != 0: return (None, averageScore) bestScore = max(scores) bestIndices = [index for index in range(len(scores)) if scores[index] == bestScore] chosenIndex = random.choice(bestIndices) # Pick randomly among the best return (legalMoves[chosenIndex], bestScore) def betterEvaluationFunction(currentGameState): """ Your extreme ghost-hunting, pellet-nabbing, food-gobbling, unstoppable evaluation function (question 5). DESCRIPTION: <write something here so we know what you did> """ "*** YOUR CODE HERE ***" # 同第一题思路差不多 pacmanPos = currentGameState.getPacmanPosition() ghostStates = currentGameState.getGhostStates() food = currentGameState.getFood() maxNum = food.width + food.height minGhostDistance = maxNum # 离鬼的最小距离 eatGhostChance = 0 # 吃掉鬼的机会 # 获取pacman距最近鬼的距离 for state in ghostStates: ghostDistance = manhattanDistance(pacmanPos, state.getPosition()) # if ghostDistance < minGhostDistance and state.scaredTimer: # minGhostDistance = ghostDistance if state.scaredTimer - ghostDistance > eatGhostChance: eatGhostChance = state.scaredTimer - ghostDistance # 当不能吃掉鬼时,才计算与鬼的距离 elif ghostDistance < minGhostDistance: minGhostDistance = ghostDistance # 获取pacman距最近食物的距离 foodPosition = food.asList() minFoodDistance = 0 if len(foodPosition) > 0: minFoodDistance = min([manhattanDistance(pacmanPos, p) for p in foodPosition]) # pacman离鬼、食物最近距离要+1才做倒数处理,因为可能被除数=0 result = currentGameState.getScore() - 1.0 / (minGhostDistance + 1) + 1.0 / (minFoodDistance + 1) + eatGhostChance return result util.raiseNotDefined() # Abbreviation better = betterEvaluationFunction
72d6923d900726e37d88714cb1451064867ecf59
bala4rtraining/python_programming
/python-programming-workshop/pythondatastructures/for/filetolist.py
163
3.75
4
List = [] with open("words.txt") as f: for line in f: for word in line.split(): List.append(word) # add only first word List[::-1] print(List)
310e2e04c81636cbb26d717172136c27b4d1b53d
lumaherr/python_fundamentals
/17_generators/17_01_generators.py
256
4.21875
4
''' Demonstrate how to create a generator object. Print the object to the console to see what you get. Then iterate over the generator object and print out each item. ''' gen = (i for i in range(1,500) if i%3 == 0 and i%5 != 0) for i in gen: print(i)
69e8c5200f6d36cf31a255c8a61e5c71da1efd58
dongheelee1/LeetCode
/9_palindrome_number.py
1,457
4.25
4
''' 9. Palindrome Number Determine whether an integer is a palindrome. An integer is a palindrome when it reads the same backward as forward. Example 1: Input: 121 Output: true Example 2: Input: -121 Output: false Explanation: From left to right, it reads -121. From right to left, it becomes 121-. Therefore it is not a palindrome. Example 3: Input: 10 Output: false Explanation: Reads 01 from right to left. Therefore it is not a palindrome. Follow up: Coud you solve it without converting the integer to a string? ''' class Solution: def isPalindrome(self, x: int) -> bool: ''' TIME COMPLEXITY: Used a single for loop, which means a O(n) time complexity IDEA: if x is negative, return False (reversing -121 is 121- ==> not a palindrome) if x is positive, str_format = str(x) get right most digit of x (updated in every loop) look at each char from left to right in str_format if right digit != int(str_format[i]): return False return True ''' if x < 0: return False else: str_format = str(x) for i in range(0, len(str_format) // 2): digit = x % 10 x = x // 10 if digit != int(str_format[i]): return False return True
be5c1a03bcdcdcd3082db877a323a6ac3602ea78
rydovoi50/python_projekt
/lesson05/home_work/hw05_hard.py
4,521
3.515625
4
# Задание-1: # Доработайте реализацию программы из примера examples/5_with_args.py, # добавив реализацию следующих команд (переданных в качестве аргументов): # cp <file_name> - создает копию указанного файла # rm <file_name> - удаляет указанный файл (запросить подтверждение операции) # cd <full_path or relative_path> - меняет текущую директорию на указанную # ls - отображение полного пути текущей директории # путь считать абсолютным (full_path) - # в Linux начинается с /, в Windows с имени диска, # все остальные пути считать относительными. import os import sys print('sys.argv = ', sys.argv) def print_help(): print("help - получение справки") print("mkdir <dir_name> - создание директории") print("rmdir <dir_name> - удаление директории") print("срdir <dir_name> - перейти в директорию") print("listdir - список файлов в директории") print("copy_file <file> - копирование заданного файла") print("del <file> - удаление заданного файла") print("getcwd - отображает путь дирректории") def make_dir(): if not dir_name: print("Необходимо указать имя директории вторым параметром") return dir_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), dir_name) try: os.mkdir(dir_path) print('директория {} создана'.format(dir_name)) except FileExistsError: print('директория {} уже существует'.format(dir_name)) def rm_dir(): if not dir_name: print('Необходимо указать имя директории вторым параметром') return try: os.rmdir(dir_name) print('Директория {} удалена'.format(dir_name)) except FileNotFoundError: print('директории {} не существует'.format(dir_name)) def ch_dir(): if not dir_name: print('Необходимо указать имя директории вторым параметром') return os.chdir(dir_name) # dir_name = os.getcwd() print('Успешно перешли в {}'.format(dir_name)) def ls(): print(os.listdir(os.getcwd())) def copy(): if not file: print('Необходимо указать имя файла вторым параметром') return with open(file, 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file_1: h = file_1.read() with open('new' + file, 'w', encoding='UTF-8') as file_2: file_2.write(h) print('Файл удачно скопирован') def cwd(): print(os.getcwd()) def delet(): if not file: print('Необходимо указать имя директории вторым параметром') return user = input('Вы точно хотите удалит файл {}, y/n: '.format(file)) if user == 'y': os.remove(file) print('Файл {} успешно удален'.format(file)) do = { "help": print_help, "mkdir": make_dir, "rmdir": rm_dir, "chdir": ch_dir, "listdir": ls, "copy_file": copy, "getcwd": cwd, "del": delet } try: file = sys.argv[2] except IndexError: file = None try: dir_name = sys.argv[2] except IndexError: dir_name = None try: key = sys.argv[1] except IndexError: key = None if key: if do.get(key): do[key]() else: print("Задан неверный ключ") print("Укажите ключ help для получения справки") while True: print('Введите команду') key = input() # Важно! Все операции должны выполняться в той директории, в который вы находитесь. # Исходной директорией считать ту, в которой был запущен скрипт. # P.S. По возможности, сделайте кросс-платформенную реализацию.
e2549ea8c7e81e539a36feddc0129e8191683ac7
krnets/codewars-practice
/7kyu/Char Code Calculation/kata.py
324
3.59375
4
def calc(x): total1 = [int(t) for c in x for t in str(ord(c))] total2 = [1 if t == 7 else t for t in total1] return sum(total1) - sum(total2) q = calc("ABC") # 6 q q = calc("abcdef") # 6 q q = calc("ifkhchlhfd") # 6 q q = calc("aaaaaddddr") # 30 q q = calc("jfmgklf8hglbe") # 6 q q = calc("jaam") # 12 q
dbbf5a5e4e3a6bf440ab5cdc6ad861eb624f7064
sazzadrupak/python_exercise
/dict/contact.py
1,109
4.1875
4
# TIE-02100 Johdatus ohjelmointiin # TIE-02106 Introduction to Programming # Task: contacts, program code template def main(): contacts = {"Tom": {"name": "Tom Techie", "phone": "040 123546", "email": "tom@tut.fi", "skype": "tom_92_"}, "Mike": {"name": "Mike Mechanic", "phone": "050 123546", "email": "mike@tut.fi", "skype": "-Mike-M-"}, "Archie": {"name": "Archie Architect", "phone": "050 987654", "email": "archie@tut.fi"}} contact = input("Enter the name of the contact: ") field = input("Enter the field name you're searching for: ") if not contacts.get(contact): print("No contact information for {}".format(contact)) elif contacts[contact]['name'] and not contacts[contact].get(field): print("No {} for {}".format(field, contacts[contact]['name'])) else: print('{}, {}: {}'.format(contacts[contact]['name'], field, contacts[contact][field])) main()
6ba06d9c1cda0ca0bc2e4df21ea65d7d34910f72
chakravarthi-giduthuri/DSA
/Stacks/Stacks.py
1,645
4.1875
4
# there are two ways to implement stacks # using array # using linked list #implement using array method from sys import maxsize def createStack(): stack = [] return stack def isEmpty(stack): return len(stack) == 0 def push(stack, item): stack.append(item) print(item+'pushed to stack') def pop(stack): if isEmpty(stack): return str(-maxsize-1) return stack.pop() def peek(stack): if isEmpty(stack): return str(-maxsize-1) return stack[len(stack)-1] if __name__ == '__main__': stack = createStack() push(stack, str(10)) push(stack, str(20)) push(stack, str(30)) print(peek(stack),'is peek') print(pop(stack),'pop from stack') #implement using linked list method class StackNode: def __init__(self,data): self.data = data self.next = None class Stack: def __init__(self): self.root = None def isEmpty(self): return True if self.root is None else False def push(self,data): newNode = StackNode(data) newNode.next = self.root self.root = newNode print('push stack ',data) def pop(self): if self.isEmpty(): return float('-inf') temp = self.root self.root = self.root.next popped = temp.data return popped def peek(self): if self.isEmpty(): return float('-inf') return self.root.data if __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack() stack.push(10) stack.push(20) stack.push(30) print('popped from stack',stack.pop()) print('top element is ',stack.peek())
c68e6980ee2f2c70d02c44400a850538c6469479
AlienWu2019/Alien-s-Code
/爬虫/《精通python网络爬虫》/正则表达式/原子/普通字符作为原子.py
138
3.5
4
import re pattern = "yue" #普通字符作为原子 string = "http://yum.iqianyue.com" result1 = re.search(pattern,string) print(result1)
87f13c0055e310220cc09a3041e897bc14334548
kateblolo/advent_of_code_2020
/day18/day18.py
2,222
3.5625
4
with open("input_day18.txt", "r") as myfile: input = myfile.read().split("\n") # PART2 -- adds parenthesis around "+" elements def add_priority(line): line2 = line[:] appended = 0 nxt_app = [] for c in range(len(line)): if nxt_app: if c+appended == min(nxt_app): appended += 1 nxt_app.remove(min(nxt_app)) if line[c] == "+": cpt = 0 c2 = c-1+appended while not line2[c2].isnumeric() or cpt != 0: if line2[c2] == ")": cpt += 1 elif line2[c2] == "(": cpt -=1 if cpt == 0: break c2 -= 1 line2 = line2[:c2] + "(" + line2[c2:] appended += 1 c2 = c+1+appended while not line2[c2].isnumeric() or cpt != 0: if line2[c2] == "(": cpt += 1 elif line2[c2] == ")": cpt -=1 if cpt == 0: break c2 += 1 line2 = line2[:c2+1] + ")" + line2[c2+1:] nxt_app = [i+2 for i in nxt_app] nxt_app.append(c2+1) return line2 def solve_line(line): line = line.replace(" ", "") ##PART2 v line = add_priority(line) ##PART2 ^ res = [0] cpt = 0 operation = ["+"] for i in range(len(line)): if line[i] == "(": cpt += 1 res.append(0) operation.append("+") elif line[i] == ")": cpt -= 1 if operation[cpt] == "+": res[cpt] += res[cpt+1] else: res[cpt] *= res[cpt+1] res = res[:cpt+1] operation = operation[:cpt+1] elif line[i] == "+": operation[cpt] = "+" elif line[i] == "*": operation[cpt] = "*" elif line[i].isnumeric(): if operation[cpt] == "+": res[cpt] += int(line[i]) else: res[cpt] *= int(line[i]) return res[0] def solve(input): res = 0 for i in input: res += solve_line(i) return res print(solve(input))
5e477f8f3339035e4fd8fd0f2c559fc225016708
suhyeonjin/HomeWork
/lab1/embedded_pyGame/Crash_Of_Block.py
4,324
3.75
4
#coding:utf-8 # refer : https://github.com/attojeon/BricksWithPython # draw ball # draw ball & moving it # bounce ball # draw bar # control bar # draw block # check collision block & ball # veiw score import pygame, sys, math, random from pygame.locals import * BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0) WHITE = (255,255,255) RED = (255, 0, 0) GREEN = ( 0,255, 0) BLUE = ( 0, 0,255) width = 640 height = 480 radius = 10 bx = width / 2 by = height / 2 dx = 1 dy = 1 tAngle = 45 px = 0 py = 440 p_vel = 10 p_width = 80 p_height = 10 bricks_cols = 3 bricks_rows = 7 brickWidth = 75 brickHeight = 20 brickPadding = 10 brickOffsetTop = 40 brickOffsetLeft = 30 score = 1000 keys = [False, False] bricks = [] pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height)) pygame.display.set_caption('Crash_Of_Block') # font fontObj = pygame.font.SysFont('Courier', 20) def bricksInit(): global bricks_cols, bricks_rows, brickWidth, brickHeight, brickPadding, brickOffsetTop, brickOffsetLeft for r in range(bricks_rows): for c in range(bricks_cols): state = 1 x = brickOffsetLeft + r*(brickPadding + brickWidth) y = brickOffsetTop + c*(brickPadding + brickHeight) oneBrick = [x, y, state] bricks.append(oneBrick) print(bricks) def drawBricks(): global bricks_cols, bricks_rows, brickWidth, brickHeight, brickPadding, brickOffsetTop, brickOffsetLeft for b in bricks: if b[2] == 1 : pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, (b[0], b[1],brickWidth, brickHeight)) def drawbar(x, y): pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, (px, py, p_width, p_height)) def drawball(x, y, r): pygame.draw.circle(screen, WHITE, (int(x), int(y)), r, 0) def updateObject(): global bx, by, dx, dy, px, py, p_width, p_height, p_vel, tAngle bx += dx #by += dy by += int( round( math.tan(math.radians(tAngle)) * dx ) ) * -1 #print "%r %r" % (bx, by) if bx > width or bx < 0: dx = dx * (-1) tAngle = 180 - tAngle if by > height or by < 0: #dy = dy * (-1) tAngle = 180 - tAngle if keys[0] == True: px -= p_vel if keys[1] == True: px += p_vel if px < 0: px = 0 if px + p_width > 640: px = width - p_width def collideCheck(): global bx, by, dx, dy, px, py, p_width, p_height, p_vel global bricks_cols, bricks_rows, brickWidth, brickHeight, brickPadding, brickOffsetTop, brickOffsetLeft, tAngle global score # Collision Check - ball & paddle if bx > px and bx < px + p_width and by > py: #dx *= -1 #dy *= -1 tAngle = 180 - tAngle + random.randint(-20, 20) # check the block collision for b in bricks: if bx > b[0] and bx < b[0]+brickWidth and by > b[1] and by < b[1]+brickHeight and b[2] == 1: #state == 1일 때에만 체크 b[2] = 0 #dy *= -1 tAngle = 180 - tAngle score += 100 def drawScore(screen, scoreView): scoreView = fontObj.render(str(score), True, WHITE, BLACK) scoreRect = scoreView.get_rect() scoreRect.topleft = (10, 10) screen.blit(scoreView, scoreRect) def scoreInit(): global fontObj, score score = 1000 fontObj = pygame.font.SysFont('Courier', 20) scoreView = fontObj.render('10000000', True, WHITE, BLACK) #scoreRect = scoreView.get_rect() #scoreRect.center = (200, 50) return scoreView def main(): bricksInit() scoreView = scoreInit() while True: screen.fill(BLACK) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == K_LEFT: keys[0] = True elif event.key == K_RIGHT: keys[1] = True if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: if event.key == K_LEFT: keys[0] = False elif event.key == K_RIGHT: keys[1] = False updateObject() collideCheck() drawBricks() drawball(bx, by, radius) drawbar(px, py) drawScore(screen, scoreView) pygame.display.update() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
3753be8264bcd374f59e5b0d930729e0646e76f7
Invalid-coder/Data-Structures-and-algorithms
/Graphs/Unweighted_graphs/Tasks/eolymp(2470).py
723
3.671875
4
#https://www.e-olymp.com/uk/submissions/7687618 class Graph: def __init__(self, matrix): self.adjacentMatrix = matrix def isNotOriented(self): n = len(self.adjacentMatrix) for i in range(n): for j in range(n): if i == j and self.adjacentMatrix[i][j] == 1: return False if self.adjacentMatrix[i][j] != self.adjacentMatrix[j][i]: return False return True if __name__ == '__main__': n = int(input()) matrix = [] for i in range(n): row = list(map(int, input().split())) matrix.append(row) graph = Graph(matrix) print("YES" if graph.isNotOriented() else "NO")
984ea002455f8a531f068ccb1bcbb1313c85b91e
V-Plum/ITEA
/lesson_10/l10_ex1.py
367
3.671875
4
def symbols_add(f): def wrapped(text): if text[1] != '"': text = '"' + text if text.strip()[-1] != '"': text = text + '"' return text @symbols_add def text_input(): text = input("Print some text: ") return text def main(): text = text_input() print(text) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
6a51a70544dd65eb693cfb3a730aede532407d56
hemal507/python
/longest_substr_without_repeation.py
716
3.921875
4
''' given string find the longest substring without repeating characters ''' def len_str(inp_str) : prev,return_str = '','' for i in inp_str : if i not in return_str : return_str += i else : if len(prev) < len(return_str) : prev = return_str return_str = i return len(prev), prev import unittest class TestSubStrLen(unittest.TestCase) : def test_string1(self) : self.assertEqual(len_str('abcabcbb'),(3,'abc')) print('Test case 1 passed') def test_string2(self) : self.assertEqual(len_str('bbbbbb'),(1,'b')) print('Test case 2 passed') def test_string3(self) : self.assertEqual(len_str('pwwkew'),(3,'wke')) print('Test case 3 passed') if __name__ == '__main__' : unittest.main()
2cffde581c6844428a5ae74296045184d05167f4
xfbs/euler
/src/002-even-fibonacci-numbers/python/solver.py
208
4.09375
4
import fibonacci def even_fibonacci(m): cur = 0 fib = fibonacci.nth(cur) while fib < m: yield fib cur += 3 fib = fibonacci.nth(cur) def solve(m): return sum(even_fibonacci(m))
01cb764ae39ef3b189881681e9b7d35a00fd5b1a
de-centralized-systems/sssmp
/src/GF256.py
3,405
3.8125
4
from typing import Sequence, Union def add(a: int, b: int) -> int: """Implements addition of `a` and b` in GF256. Added here for reference only. Addition may typically be inlined for better performance. """ return a ^ b def _multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int: """Implements multiplication of `a` times `b` in GF256, i.e., multiplication modulo the AES irreducible polynomial `x**8 + x**4 + x**3 + x + 1`. """ IRREDUCIBLE_POLYNOMIAL = 0b100011011 product = 0 while b > 0: # add (xor operation) `a` to the product if the last bit of `b` == 1 product ^= a * (b & 1) # shift `a` one bit to the left # and perform a modulo reduction if there is an overflow after shifting (a >> 8 == 1) a <<= 1 a ^= (a >> 8) * IRREDUCIBLE_POLYNOMIAL # move the next highest bit of `b` bit shifting it down b >>= 1 return product def multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int: """Implements multiplication of `a` times `b` in GF256, i.e., multiplication modulo the AES irreducible polynomial `x**8 + x**4 + x**3 + x + 1`. Faster implementation using a pregenerated lookup table (64KB in size). """ return MULTIPLICATION_TABLE[(a << 8) | b] def inverse(e: int) -> int: """Implements finding the inverse of an GF256 element `e` via a lookup table.""" if e == 0: raise ValueError("Zero has no inverse element!") return INVERSE_LOOKUP_TABLE[e] def init_multiplication_table() -> bytes: """Initializes the lookup table (256*256 elements) for quickly multiplying elements in GF256. The product `a * b` is computed by accessing the lookup table at index `(a << 8) | b`. """ return bytes(0 if (i == 0 or j == 0) else _multiply(i, j) for i in range(256) for j in range(256)) def init_inverse_lookup_table() -> bytes: """Initializes the lookup table (256 elements) for quickly finding inverse elements in GF256.""" table = [0] * 256 for e in range(1, 256): for i in range(e, 256): if multiply(e, i) == 1: table[e] = i table[i] = e return bytes(table) MULTIPLICATION_TABLE: bytes = init_multiplication_table() INVERSE_LOOKUP_TABLE: bytes = init_inverse_lookup_table() class Polynomial: """ Holds the coefficients of a polynomial in GF256 and provides a function to evaluate the polynomial. Example usage: f = Polynomial([17, 124, 33] f(10) ==> 56 """ def __init__(self, coefficients: Union[bytes, Sequence[int]]) -> None: self.coefficients = coefficients def __call__(self, x: int) -> int: """Evaluates this `t+1`-degree polynomial for the given input `x` in GF256. f(x) = c[0] + c[1] x + c[2] x^2 + ... + c[t-1] x^{t-1} """ c = self.coefficients t = len(c) if t == 0: return 0 # Initialize the result with the first coeffcient c[0]. result = c[0] # Add terms c[1] x + ... + c[t-2] x^{t-2} to `result`. # `xk` is a helper variable holding the value value x^k. xk = x for k in range(1, t - 1): result ^= multiply(c[k], xk) xk = multiply(xk, x) # Add the last term c[t-1] to `result` (ensure t[0] is not added twice). if t - 1 > 0: result ^= multiply(c[t - 1], xk) return result