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2023-07-01 | Due to the annual increase in CO_2 emissions, climate change continues to progress. In order to achieve the goals set in the Paris Climate Agreement, CO_2 capturing measures are necessary in addition to the reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. This review article describes and discusses the CO_2 capturing methods pub... | Review: CO_2 capturing methods of the last two decades | 10.1007/s13762-022-04680-0 |
2023-07-01 | The magnetoresistance of GaP_ x As_1− x ( x = 0.4) whiskers with a doping concentration of silicon in the range from the dielectric side of metal-insulated transition (MIT) (~ 10^17 cm^−3) to its critical concentration ( N _ c ~ 5 × 10^18 cm^−3) at cryogenic temperatures of 4.2–77 K and magnetic field induction of 0–... | Magnetoresistance of GaPAs and InSb whiskers | 10.1007/s13204-022-02596-2 |
2023-07-01 | Cryogenic cooling is an efficient technology to facilitate the machining process of difficult-to-cut materials. Performing this process with nontoxic biocompatible liquid nitrogen is an eco-friendly operation which has recently received much attention due to its promising advantages. In the present work, a comparative ... | Cryogenic and Dry Machining of Ti6Al4V Alloy for Evaluation of Microhardness, Thermal Loads, Microstructure, and Surface Quality | 10.1007/s11665-022-07512-x |
2023-06-30 | Cryogenic and ultrasonic-assisted turning have both beneficial effects on the machinability of difficult-to-machine materials, such as titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. This research investigates the effect of combining both cryogenic and ultrasonic-assisted machining, to assess the effects on cutting temperature, forces and t... | Advanced Manufacturing of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V by Combining Cryogenic Machining and Ultrasonic-Assisted Turning | 10.1007/s11665-023-08430-2 |
2023-06-28 | The research studies of e-beam sustained discharge gas lasers initiated by Nikolai Basov in early 1970s made it possible to develop lasers based on the fundamental transitions of carbon monoxide molecule with high laser power and efficiency. Soon, under his scientific supervision, lasing on first-overtone transitions o... | R&D of carbon monoxide lasers at the Lebedev physical institute of the Russian academy of sciences (review) | 10.1007/s11082-023-04922-6 |
2023-06-17 | Nickel-based alloys have great application value in aerospace, biomedical industry, chemical industry, and other fields. However, nickel-based alloys are known to be difficult to process, which will generate a lot of heat and friction during processing, which limits the application range of nickel-based alloys. Therefo... | Minimum quantity lubrication machining nickel base alloy: a comprehensive review | 10.1007/s00170-023-11721-6 |
2023-06-14 | The microwave quantum correlation as a crucial issue in quantum technology is analyzed and studied. An open quantum system operating at 4.2 K is designed in which InP HEMT as the nonlinear component couples two external oscillators. The quantum theory is applied to analyze the system completely. The Lindblad Master equ... | Enhancing quantum correlation at zero-IF band by confining the thermally excited photons: InP hemt circuitry effect | 10.1007/s11082-023-04850-5 |
2023-06-01 | The effect of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) on the electrochemical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in Hank’s solution was experimentally investigated in the present work. Deep cryogenic treatments at − 196 °C soaking for 24 (DCT-24) and 48 (DCT-48) hours were conducted on the commercial annealed Ti–6Al–4V alloy. The metho... | Electrochemical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in Hank’s solution subjected to deep cryogenic treatment | 10.1007/s12598-018-1163-2 |
2023-06-01 | The mechanical behavior of VCoNi medium-entropy alloys with five different grain sizes at three different temperatures was investigated. The VCoNi alloys with different grain sizes exhibit a traditional strength–ductility trade-off at 77 K, 194 K and 293 K. Both the yield strength and the uniform elongation of the VCoN... | Effects of Grain Size and Cryogenic Temperature on the Strain Hardening Behavior of VCoNi Medium-Entropy Alloys | 10.1007/s40195-023-01520-z |
2023-06-01 | Due to an excellent ratio of high strength and low density, Ti-6Al-4V is suitable for many industrial applications, especially in the aerospace industry. However, Ti-6Al-4V is also characterized by a very low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity which is why the titanium alloy is considered to be a hard-to... | Sub-zero milling of Ti-6Al-4V—impact of the cutting parameters on the resulting forces, tool wear, and surface quality | 10.1007/s00170-023-11334-z |
2023-06-01 | The EDELWEISS collaboration aims for direct detection of light dark matter using germanium cryogenic detectors with low threshold phonon sensor technologies and efficient charge readout designs. We describe here the development of Ge bolometers equipped with high impedance thermistors based on a Nb_xSi_1−x TES alloy. H... | High Impedance TES Bolometers for EDELWEISS | 10.1007/s10909-022-02899-2 |
2023-06-01 | Nanoprecipitate-strengthened face-centered cubic high entropy alloys (NSFCC-HEAs) have huge potential for engineering applications due to their outstanding mechanical performance at extremely cryogenic temperatures. In this work, a temperature-dependent yield strength predictive theoretical model of NSFCC-HEAs was esta... | Temperature-Dependent Yield Strength of Nanoprecipitate-Strengthened Face-Centered Cubic High Entropy Alloys: Prediction and Analysis | 10.1007/s12540-022-01331-4 |
2023-05-17 | Cryogenic heat treatment is an advanced heat treatment process employed to modify the microstructure of a cutting bit to enhance its properties. This research study aims to investigate the effects of deep cryogenic treatment under different soaking times on the tribological performance of rock cutting bits. Cryogenic t... | Microstructural and Tribological Characterization of Cryogenic Treated WC-Co Cutting Bits under Different Holding Times for Rock Cutting Applications | 10.1007/s11665-023-08291-9 |
2023-05-12 | In this study, the behavior of liquid nitrogen jets and dual-like jet impingement of liquid nitrogen discharged from needle injectors were evaluated. Water has also been used to investigate the behavior of liquid jets and jet impingement at low Reynolds numbers. High-speed photography has been used to investigate vario... | Experimental study of atomization of liquid nitrogen jet impingement | 10.1007/s40430-023-04217-7 |
2023-05-03 | Carbon fiber–based polymer composites are frequently used in the aerospace industry due to their high specific strength-to-weight ratio and non-corrosive properties; they are extremely sensitive to foreign object impact. At the same time, the cost of carbon fiber was prohibitively expensive. The natural fiber was combi... | Experimental investigations of physical and mechanical properties of pineapple leaf/carbon fiber–reinforced unsaturated polyester composites at liquid nitrogen environment | 10.1007/s13399-023-04263-0 |
2023-05-01 | 目 的 在使用引射器的基础上, 低温风洞排气系统利用风机和加热器可进一步降低排气羽流的沉降危害, 但也带来了高能耗. 本文旨在探讨排气出口倾斜角度对低温风洞低温氮气排气过程的影响, 并验证采用倾斜排气出口结构对降低低温风洞排气系统能耗的可行性. 创新点 1. 提出低温风洞倾斜出口排气方式; 2. 建立低温风洞排气塔缩比模型, 并开展倾斜出口排气过程的实验分析. 方 法 1. 根据相似性准则, 建立低温风洞排气塔缩比模型, 并通过实验对比倾斜出口排气过程和传统垂直出口排气过程, 验证倾斜出口排气方式是否可降低羽流沉降危害; 2. 通过实验与模拟对比, 验证低温羽流扩散数值模型的准确性; 3. 通过仿真模拟, 进一步量化研究倾斜出口排气... | Exhaust process of cryogenic nitrogen gas from a cryogenic wind tunnel with an inclined exit | 10.1631/jzus.A2200289 |
2023-05-01 | Abstract Based on the previously developed simplified method for constructing the equation of state for liquid and vapor phases, the thermodynamically consistent analytical equation of state for liquid and gaseous nitrogen in the molecular cryogenic conditions is obtained. While constructing the equation of state, the ... | Equation of State for Liquid and Gaseous Nitrogen in Cryogenic Temperature Range | 10.1134/S1995080223050116 |
2023-05-01 | High hardness and exceptional machinability characterize the 6061 aluminum alloy. It is also a substance that welds nicely. It is extensively utilized in the railroad, shipbuilding, and aviation industries. This study used the face milling process on cryogenically treated aluminum 6061 alloys with normal and cryogenica... | Taguchi and Gray Relational Analysis Optimization of Cutting Parameters during Face Milling of Cryogenic Treated Aluminum 6061 Alloys Using Cryogenic and Non-cryogenic Inserts | 10.1007/s11665-023-08048-4 |
2023-05-01 | The quest for widespread applications especially in extreme environments accentuates the necessity to design materials with robust mechanical and thermodynamic stabilities. Almost all existing materials yield temperature-variant mechanical properties, essentially determined by their different atomic bonding regimes. In... | Molecular levers enable anomalously enhanced strength and toughness of cellulose nanocrystal at cryogenic temperature | 10.1007/s12274-022-5293-3 |
2023-05-01 | An approach is proposed to increasing the time of storage of cryogenic fluid in a horizontal cylindrical reservoir due to a reduction in the intensity of heat and mass transfer from its outer surface. A mathematical model has been developed for heat and mass transfer processes in cryogenic fluid on the basis of equatio... | Reduction in the Intensity of Heat and Mass Transfer in Cryogenic Fluid in a Horizontal Reservoir | 10.1007/s10891-023-02740-x |
2023-05-01 | Cryogenic CO_2-assisted minimum quantity lubrication milling technology is a green processing technology with broad application prospects. Aiming at the problem of tool wear in the application of cryogenic CO_2-assisted minimum quantity lubrication in difficult-to-machine materials and the influence of relevant paramet... | Study on tool wear mechanism under cryogenic CO_2-assisted minimum quantity lubrication technology | 10.1007/s00170-023-11122-9 |
2023-05-01 | Abstract Magnetic levitation technologies are studied as an innovative basis for developing contactless systems for delivering cryogenic targets to the laser focus of an ICF facility or future power plant. A necessary element of such systems is a special target carrier made of high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) wi... | Delivery of an HTSC-Coated Levitated Cryogenic Target | 10.3103/S1068335623050032 |
2023-05-01 | Unlike the traditional air-cooling method, the AZ31B magnesium alloy surface was treated by laser surface melting in a liquid nitrogen cooling environment (LSM-LN). Microstructure, microhardness, and wear resistance tests were conducted to compare the substrate and laser-melted layer obtained in the liquid nitrogen coo... | Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Surface Melting-Treated AZ31B Magnesium Alloy in Cryogenic Medium | 10.1007/s11223-023-00552-1 |
2023-05-01 | A combinatorial high-throughput experiment (HTE) was used to optimize composition and process of nickel-saving cryogenic steel. A gradient temperature heat treatment method with a high linear distribution of heat treatment temperature using customized graphite sleeve direct current heating was used in the combinatorial... | An optimization of harmonic structure nickel-saving cryogenic steel via combinatorial high-throughput experiment | 10.1007/s42243-023-00945-1 |
2023-05-01 | Abstract The boiling up process of the cryogenic liquid nitrogen jet outflow from a thin nozzle into a vacuum chamber from a high-pressure vessel is studied using the numerical approach that implements the developed two-phase model of a vapor-liquid mixture. The proposed model assumes the one-velocity, one-pressure, tw... | Modeling the Dynamics of a Boiling Liquid Nitrogen Jet under Cryogenic Temperatures | 10.1134/S1995080223050104 |
2023-04-01 | An experiment to investigate the two-phase closed loop thermosyphon (TPCLT) to cooling the compact superconducting magnet has been performed. This study is motivated mainly by our development of cryogenic cooling for a superconducting cyclotron magnet system. In the two-phase closed loop thermosyphon system, the coolin... | Performance of Two-phase Closed Loop Thermosyphon in Cooling Down of Compact Superconducting Magnet | 10.1007/s10909-023-02957-3 |
2023-04-01 | Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen are used as oxidizer and fuel, respectively, in cryogenic stage of a typical heavy lift launch vehicle. In order to ensure optimum propellant loading and suppress cavitation in the pump, the propellants have to be stored at subcooled condition and this is achieved by increasing the ull... | Experimental investigation of thermal stratification in cryogenic tank subjected to multi-species bubbling | 10.1007/s10973-022-11912-5 |
2023-04-01 | An epoxy resin is widely used as the matrix of composite structural materials due to its high mechanical properties, good heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and low cure shrinkage. However, an epoxy resin has poor crack resistance due to its inherent brittleness and is generally used together with a toughening agen... | A novel composite epoxy resin toughened by epoxy-terminated phenyl tris(dimethylsiloxy)silane at low temperature | 10.1007/s00289-022-04244-9 |
2023-04-01 | This study aims to investigate the impact of cavitation states on the stability of cryogenic pumps. Steady and unsteady simulations of the internal flow were conducted based on an SST k – ω turbulence model and a modified Zwart cavitation model considering thermodynamic effects. The modified cavitation model was verifi... | Impacts of Cavitation on Flow Field Distributions and Pump Stability in Cryogenic Pumps | 10.1007/s10909-023-02944-8 |
2023-04-01 | Superalloys are high-performance advanced materials specifically suitable for industrial applications at high as well as sub-zero temperatures. They are widely used in manufacturing components exposed to harsh working environments for prolonged durations undergoing non-uniform strains. Most superalloys possess a face-c... | Applications of sustainable techniques in machinability improvement of superalloys: a comprehensive review | 10.1007/s12008-022-01053-2 |
2023-04-01 | Compacted graphite iron (CGI) is a metal that exhibits remarkable mechanical properties based on the adhesion of graphite and iron particles. CGI has attracted considerable attention from the automobile industry and has been used as a substitute for gray iron. However, CGI is hard to machine because of high strength an... | Numerical evaluation of the cryogenic cooling effect on compacted graphite iron during end-milling | 10.1007/s00170-023-11055-3 |
2023-04-01 | Abstract This study considers structural drawings and methods for cooling high-voltage terminals (current leads) of superconducting power cables based on high-temperature superconductors. The operation of these terminals cooled by gaseous nitrogen and helium is analyzed using theoretical thermal models that describe th... | Features of Cooling Current Leads (Terminals) for Power Cables Based on High-Temperature Superconductors | 10.3103/S1068371223040028 |
2023-03-31 | The Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was used to numerically study the configuration characteristics of the vapor region in the cryogenic propellant tank under microgravity in this study. The deformation characteristics of the gas–liquid interface, the bubble motion and coalescence characteristics in the tank were analyzed... | Numerical Simulation of Vapor Configuration and Bubbles Coalescence in Cryogenic Propellant Tank Under Microgravity | 10.1007/s12217-023-10045-0 |
2023-03-30 | Herein, the effects of quenching, lamellarizing, and tempering (QLT) on reversed austenite and cryogenic toughness of 9Ni steels were investigated in terms of microstructure characterization, internal friction tests, and low temperature impact tests. The results showed that QLT treatment not only refined the grain effe... | Effect of Quenching, Lamellarizing, and Tempering on Reversed Austenite and Cryogenic Toughness of 9Ni Steels | 10.1007/s11665-023-08129-4 |
2023-03-01 | A new technology for replenishing daily nitrogen losses (200 g/day) in the atmosphere of the Russian segment of the International Space Station and for cooling the on-board electronic devices is proposed. This technology can be used to create systems for solid nitrogen storage and for release of gaseous nitrogen to cre... | Use of Solid Cryogenic Agents in Space Station Life Support System for Creating Atmosphere Constituents | 10.1007/s10556-023-01193-6 |
2023-03-01 | Abstract The operation of a cryogenic fuel system is considered by means of model calculations corresponding to several flight specifications for a civil aircraft fueled by liquefied natural gas. | Thermal State of Cryogenic Fuel System in Civil Aircraft with Different Flight Patterns | 10.3103/S1068798X23040044 |
2023-03-01 | This paper proposes a combined treatment of secondary aging (T6I4) and deep cryogenic treatment (DCT), which includes initial aging, DCT, and re-aging, to improve the limitations of secondary aging (T6I4) treatment on enhancing the mechanical properties of AA2024. The scanning electron microscopy and transmission elect... | Study on Microstructure and Properties of AA2024-T6I4 with Deep Cryogenic Treatment | 10.1007/s12666-022-02764-6 |
2023-03-01 | The effect of heat treatment involving water quenching, cooling of the quenched alloy in liquid nitrogen, a hold in liquid nitrogen, heating in hot mineral oil (thermal shock), and natural or artificial aging on the structure and properties of deformable aluminum alloy D16 is studied. The structure of the alloy is anal... | Effect of Cryogenic Treatment and Thermal Shock on Residual Stresses, Structure and Properties of Alloy D16 | 10.1007/s11041-023-00878-2 |
2023-03-01 | Abstract This review considers advances in the field of epoxy adhesives that can work at elevated and negative temperatures. Methods for modifying epoxy adhesives and examples of adhesive materials for operation in a wide temperature range have been considered. | A Review of Modern Adhesive Materials Operating in a Wide Temperature Range. Epoxy Adhesives | 10.1134/S1995421223010069 |
2023-03-01 | The liquid nitrogen (LN2) supplying system, one of the four key systems of the cryogenic wind tunnel (CWT), is an essential guarantee for the precise control, fast and safe regulation of the wind tunnel’s total temperature. Firstly, the technical schemes, advantages and disadvantages of different LN2 supplying systems ... | A Review on the Precise Control of the Liquid Nitrogen Supplying System in Transonic Cryogenic Wind Tunnel | 10.1007/s11630-023-1762-6 |
2023-03-01 | This paper studies the improvement in machining performance by implementing a hybrid coolant approach for the machining of difficult-to-machine Inconel 625 superalloy. This study differs from the pre-existing hybrid cooling methods by using a novel modified tool holder for the supply of cryogenic coolant. An external n... | Experimental investigation of hybrid cooling approach using a modified tool holder for turning of Inconel 625 superalloy | 10.1007/s00170-022-10781-4 |
2023-03-01 | The effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on nutritional stability and quality retention of oyster meat ( Crassostrea virginica ) during frozen storage was investigated. Fresh oyster meat (300 g) was cryogenically frozen, placed in trays, and film sealed in (1) 100% CO_2 (MAP-CO_2), (2) 100% N_2 (MAP-N_2), and ... | Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) on Nutritional Stability and Quality Retention of Oyster Meat (Crassostrea virginica) During Frozen Storage | 10.1007/s41783-022-00145-4 |
2023-03-01 | In the current work, a typical NiCrAlY alloy and two novel amorphous Fe-based alloys were arc-sprayed for the desired application as insulative coatings in cryogenic environments such as for the inner walls of LH2 tanks. For the experiments, nitrogen was used as process gas, while the stand-off distance and number of p... | Highly Efficient Thermal Barrier Coatings Based on Arc Spraying of Amorphous Fe-based Alloys and NiCrAlY for Use in LH2 Tanks and Other Cryogenic Environments | 10.1007/s11666-023-01548-8 |
2023-02-12 | Cryogenic treatments represent an innovative technology developed with the aim of improving the performance of metallic alloys. The beneficial effects on steels are well documented in the literature, whereas their influence on other materials, such as aluminum alloys, is still not completely clarified. Even if the scie... | Deep cryogenic treatment of AA7050: tensile response and corrosion susceptibility | 10.1007/s43939-023-00037-7 |
2023-02-01 | Abstract We present experimental results on the loading/unloading working fluid of the cryogenic moderator of a DARIA compact neutron source. A technology for loading liquid nonirradiated mesitylene into a specially designed prototype of the cryogenic moderator chamber and a technology for unloading irradiated mesityle... | Tests of the Prototype Chamber of the Cryogenic Moderator of the DARIA Compact Neutron Source | 10.1134/S1547477123010041 |
2023-02-01 | Continuous quest for lighter yet stronger materials has led to significant research in the field of composites. Modern-day nanocomposites have found widespread applications in diverse engineering sectors, which often require their machining. In this paper, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reinforced composites ar... | CoCoSo method-based optimization of cryogenic drilling on multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced composites | 10.1007/s12008-022-00894-1 |
2023-02-01 | Observation window is an important component for visual observation during cryogenic wind tunnel testing. However, the change of temperature and pressure in the wind tunnel may lead to thermal stress and deformation of the observation window, threatening the safety of observation window. On this account, aiming to impr... | A Multiple-Field Finite Element Method Analysis of Observation Window for Cryogenic Wind Tunnel | 10.1007/s40799-022-00561-w |
2023-02-01 | The cooling time of cryogenic vaporised Ar shielding/cooling of Ti-6Al-4 V deposits was ~ 10 times faster than that of normal Ar gas shielding/cooling. The columnar β grains in rapid cooling condition were observed to be in the longitudinal direction of the deposits same as that in natural cooling condition. Under the ... | Enhancing Tensile Properties of Wire-Arc Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V Deposits Via Cryogenic Vaporised Ar Shielding/Cooling | 10.1007/s12540-022-01272-y |
2023-02-01 | In this paper, the detailed photophysical properties of two phosphorescent salts, [Ir(ptpy)_2(4,4′-Cl_2bpy)]PF_6, 1 , and [Ir(4-Clppy)_2(4,4′-Cl_2bpy)]PF_6, 2 , where ptpy = 2-( p -tolyl) pyridinato; 4,4′-Cl_2bpy = 4,4′-dichloro-2,2′-bipyridine, and 4-Clppy = 4-chloro-2-phenylpyridinato) have been studied in CH_2Cl_2 a... | Comprehensive investigation of triplet states of red phosphorescent cationic Ir(III) complexes from cryogenic temperature | 10.1007/s13738-022-02680-y |
2023-02-01 | High spatial resolution mass spectrometry imaging has been identified as a key technology needed to improve understanding of the chemical components that influence antibiotic resistance within biofilms, which are communities of micro-organisms that grow attached to a surface. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrome... | Label-free sub-micrometer 3D imaging of ciprofloxacin in native-state biofilms with cryo-time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry | 10.1007/s00216-022-04496-4 |
2023-02-01 | Carbon-reinforced aluminum laminate (CARALL) structures, by exposure to various aging conditions, were studied to examine the effect of aging on their impact properties. After 40 thermal cycles between 25 and 100 ℃, there was improvement in impact strength of the structures with unidirectional configurations, with maxi... | Impact properties of carbon fibers-epoxy composite/aluminum laminates: effect of cryogenic and thermal aging | 10.1007/s13726-022-01116-x |
2023-01-18 | Surgical sutures are one of the most widely used medical devices for wound closure. In the meantime, the suture surface and area may be exposed to many microorganisms, and surgical site infections may develop in these environments. Today, giving antimicrobial properties to polymeric sutures has been one of the methods ... | Deposition and characterization of the Ag nanoparticles on absorbable surgical sutures at the cryogenic temperatures | 10.1007/s00339-023-06406-6 |
2023-01-16 | Cobalt-based superalloys are widely used in hot-end components of gas turbines due to their excellent elevated temperature mechanical properties. At present, cobalt-based superalloys are usually machined under cutting fluid, which will seriously pollute the environment and harm human health. Cryogenic cutting technolog... | Investigation of machining property and sustainability performance of cryogenic turning of GH605 superalloy | 10.1007/s00170-023-10816-4 |
2023-01-10 | A first time-resolved pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) test campaign at the European Transonic Wind Tunnel (ETW) was conducted within the research initiative “Unsteady flow and interaction phenomena at High Speed Stall conditions”. One of the objectives of this wind tunnel campaign was to resolve time-series of surface p... | Time-resolved pressure-sensitive paint measurements for cryogenic wind tunnel tests | 10.1007/s13272-022-00637-8 |
2023-01-01 | The paper aims to analyze the cryogenic blasting market in Russia and determine the prospects for its development. The authors use general scientific and experimental-theoretical methods. The supply of equipment for cryopreservation is mainly carried out by foreign companies, although the presence of individual Russian... | Analysis of the Market for Cryogenic Blasting in Russia | 10.1007/978-3-031-29489-1_36 |
2023-01-01 | High Intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is a new heavy ion accelerator facility in China. HIAF Fragmentation Separator (HFRS) is a fragmentation separator which employs coil dominated superconducting DCT multipoles and superferric dipoles operating at 4.5 K. A 2.5 kW helium refrigerator and a helium distri... | Conceptual Design of Cryogenic System for HFRS of HIAF Project | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_40 |
2023-01-01 | Shenzhen Superconducting Soft-X-ray Free Electron Laser (S^3FEL) is located at Shenzhen, China. It is planned to construct a 2.5 GeV CW superconducting radio frequency linear accelerator and four beam lines, aiming at generating X-rays with a high repetition frequency. The accelerator consists of twenty-five 1.3 GHz cr... | Flow Process Analysis of the Cryogenic Distribution System for S^3FEL Project | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_15 |
2023-01-01 | The A1900 fragment separator segment of the continuous wave heavy ion beam linear accelerator at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) consists of twelve superconducting magnets. In the past, these superconducting magnet cryostats (and associated beamline, cryogenic distribution system) were part of the Coupled Cy... | Design, Fabrication and Installation of the Cryogenic Distribution System for Re-Configured FRIB A1900 Fragment Separator | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_28 |
2023-01-01 | Many space exploration components require a cryogenic working environment below 200 K. In order to avoid the electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration of the cryocooler to the detector, an efficient cryogenic heat transfer device is required to realize the transfer from the cryocooler to the payload. Due to... | A Novel Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipe Structure and Preliminary Proof of the Concept | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_57 |
2023-01-01 | As an important part of the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), High energy FRagment Separator (HFRS) consists of a two-stage superconducting magnetic system, the pre-separator and the main-separator, which is cooled down by a helium cryogenic refrigerator. In this work, the helium cryogenic refrigera... | Design and Preliminary Test of a Helium Cryogenic Refrigerator for the High Energy FRagment Separator of HIAF | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_3 |
2023-01-01 | The thermal insulation performance is a very important parameter for cryogenic vessel reflected by heat leak and evaluated by loss product. The standard stipulates that the heat leak in a cryogenic vessel is the latent heat of loss product considered the loss product is saturated as it flows out of the inner vessel. In... | Study on the Increased Enthalpy of Loss Product on Heat Leak into Cryogenic Vessels | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_66 |
2023-01-01 | The Beijing Electron-Positron Collider II (BEPCII) cryogenic system was officially put into operation in January, 2006, including cooled for two superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities, two superconducting (SC) quadrupole magnets, and one detector solenoid magnet. To achieve a higher luminosity at higher energy,... | Preliminary Design of the BEPCII-Upgrade Cryogenic System | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_38 |
2023-01-01 | For space application, it is important to study energy efficiency of the helium Joule-Thomson cryocooler (JTC) under different operating parameters. The operating parameters affect not only the cooling capacity of the JTC, but also the power consumption of the pre-cooler and JT compressors. Based on the actual performa... | Study of a Two-Stage Pulse Tube Precooling Helium Joule-Thomson Cryocooler | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_88 |
2023-01-01 | Abstract The results of the quantum-mechanical study of the one-step acetone transformation to 1-propen-2-ol in the solid phase under deep space conditions are presented. The study explicitly considers the involvement of additional water molecules in isomerization, which simulates the solid phase conditions within the ... | Isomerization of Acetone into 1-Propen-2-ol in Interstellar Ices | 10.3103/S1068335623010050 |
2023-01-01 | The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important precursors of ozone and PM2.5. VOCs emission reduction plays an important role in carbon emission and environmental protection. For high-value VOCs such as organic solvents, the cryogenic condensation using liquid nitrogen is an effective VOCs recovery method that can... | Experimental Study on Condensation Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_69 |
2023-01-01 | At present, Ultra-high field MRI system is considered the right way to explore the human brain because of the brain activity would be seen at a resolution of hundreds of micrometers. In 2017, the Chinese government launched an ambitious project to design and manufacture a 14T MRI system to support neuroscience research... | Conceptual Cooling Design for 14T MRI Superconducting Magnet System | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_134 |
2023-01-01 | For testing tensile properties of materials at cryogenic temperature, it is important to create a cryogenic environment. In this study, a cryogenic system has been designed and established for testing tensile properties of micro-sized materials. A pulse tube cryocooler (PTC) is used as cold source. The temperature of t... | Cryogenic System Based on a Pulse Tube Cryocooler for Testing Tensile Properties of Micro-Sized Materials | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_138 |
2023-01-01 | The article assessed the feasibility of using the developed physical-mathematical model to calculate the emergency process in a cryogenic double-shell tank for low-tonnage LNG storage and transportation. The model was tested using liquid nitrogen (without insulation in the annular space) and LNG (with powder insulation... | Test Results of a Non-Isothermal Cryogenic Double-Shell Reservoir for LNG Storage and Transportation | 10.1007/s10556-023-01170-z |
2023-01-01 | The Dalian Advanced Light Source (DALS), proposed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), is a linear accelerator based on continuous wave superconducting radio frequency technology aiming to produce high-quality electron beam with repetition rate up to 1 MHz. Before the project is officially implemented, a DAL... | Architecture Design of Control System for the DALS Test Facility Cryogenic System | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_130 |
2023-01-01 | The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), with the low Higgs mass of 125 GeV as a Higgs Factory, has the advantage of a higher luminosity-to-cost ratio and the potential to be upgraded to a proton-proton collider to reach unprecedented high energies and discover new physics. The Technical Design Report (TDR) of C... | The Design Consideration and Optimization for the CEPC Cryogenic System | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_5 |
2023-01-01 | The capillary-driven flow in the interior corners is crucial for cryogenic propellant management under microgravity. However, interior corner flow is difficult for cryogenic fluids due to low surface tension. In this study, the capillary-driven flow of liquid nitrogen in an interior corner with microstructure was simul... | Computations of Capillary-Driven Cryogenic Flows in the Interior Corner with Microstructures | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_115 |
2023-01-01 | Since the superconducting single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuit chip is very sensitive to the magnetism, the magnetic shielding becomes important for reducing the interference of the environment magnetic shield on the test. To improve the structural compact and reduce the cost, it is economical to add a cryogenic shield ju... | Analysis of the Shielding Effectiveness of Cryogenic Magnetic Shields Used for Testing Superconducting Single-Flux-Quantum Circuit Chips | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_139 |
2023-01-01 | PIRENEA and PIRENEA 2 are experimental setups dedicated to the study of fundamental molecular processes involving species of astrochemical interest. The coupling of a VUV source to PIRENEA has allowed us to study the fragmentation pathways and stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) containing aliphatic bo... | Studying the Interaction Between VUV Photons and PAHs in Relevant Astrophysical Conditions | 10.1007/978-3-031-29003-9_27 |
2023-01-01 | In the context of HL-LHC project, the duty of the existing LHC helium refrigerators will face an increase of beam induced heat loads in the arcs. The cryogenic sectors around the LHC Point 4 (P 4), are considered in priority since the respective refrigerators must cover in addition to the superconducting (sc) magnetic ... | Upgrade of the Ex-LEP Helium Refrigerator for HL-LHC at CERN LHC Point 4 | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_7 |
2023-01-01 | In this paper, a set of dry vacuum pumps suitable for superfluid helium cryogenic refrigerator are investigated. Process flow diagram and three-dimension diagram of superfluid helium cryogenic refrigerator is designed. As the core parts of the superfluid helium cryogenic system, the control strategies including one Set... | Investigation on Dry Vacuum Pumps Suitable for Superfluid Helium Cryogenic Refrigeration | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_10 |
2023-01-01 | The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) envisaged a launch vehicle to put 4 ton class satellites to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). GTO is Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit of 170 km perigee and 35,975 km apogee, where the satellites are injected. It is further raised to the Geostationary orbit by firing satelli... | The Development of Turbopumps for Low-Thrust Cryogenic Rocket Engine | 10.1007/978-981-16-9057-0_16 |
2023-01-01 | Thermoelectric materials are attractive for the reversible conversion between heat and electrical energy. Bulk PbSe_0.9Te_0.1 were prepared by two processes. The electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficients and thermal conductivity of two samples prepared by different techniques were investigated in the temperature ra... | Thermoelectric Properties of PbSe_0.9Te_0.1 at Cryogenic Temperature | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_143 |
2023-01-01 | Long-wave infrared detectors operate at 60 K, which needs to be obtained by mechanical cryocooler. To maintain the long-term stable operation of long-wave infrared detectors, a cryogenic system with excellent performance is essential. Thus, research on a 60K cryogenic system based on a single-stage pulse tube cooler is... | Studies on a 60K Cryogenic System Based on Single-Stage Pulse Tube Cooler | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_120 |
2023-01-01 | The 1.8 K–300 K sub-atmospheric helium heating device is an important component of 1.8 K cryogenic test platform. The process design of the 1.8 K–300 K sub-atmospheric helium heating device is completed. A three-dimensional model is established, and numerical simulation of flow and heat transfer characteristics is stud... | Numerical Simulation of 1.8 K–300 K Sub-Atmospheric Helium Heating Device | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_41 |
2023-01-01 | Cryogenic propellant will play an important role in the future aerospace field because of its superior properties. The zero boil off (ZBO) storage of cryogenic propellant is the key of its long-term on orbit storage. Variable density multilayer insulation material (VDMLI) is one of the effective passive thermal protect... | Experimental and Theoretical Study of Variable Density Multilayer Insulation (VDMLI) at Different Cold Boundary Temperatures | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_62 |
2023-01-01 | At the European Spallation Source (ESS), a 2.0 GeV proton Linear Accelerator (LINAC) is under construction, which contains 43 cryomodules operating at 2 K. The Accelerator Cryoplant (ACCP) will provide helium cooling to the cryomodules in the LINAC at different temperature levels. The cryogenic distribution system (CDS... | Preparation and Preliminary Test on the Integrated Test of the Accelerator Cryoplant and the Cryogenic Distribution System at ESS | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_21 |
2023-01-01 | The insulating material is a crucial part of superconducting magnets and the dielectric mechanisms of insulating materials are still unclear at cryogenic temperatures. Space charge distribution can partially characterize the dielectric properties of materials. Thermally stimulated currents (TSC) method was adopted to a... | A Cryogenic System for Measuring the Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_50 |
2023-01-01 | This paper focuses on the 1kw/4.5K helium refrigerator applied to Central Solenoid Model Coil (CSMC) test magnets under the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT). The structure of CSMC and the process of cryogenic distribution system are briefly introduced. It mainly introduces the design of the... | Helium Cryogenic Control System Design for CSMC Testing in CRAFT | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_132 |
2023-01-01 | Cryogenic pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is a novel heat transfer unit with unique working mechanism. The advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and strong environmental adaptability make them as desirable means for thermal management in cryogenic applications such as cooling superconductors. In this present paper, a n... | Effect of Fill Ratios on the Heat Transfer Performance of Nitrogen Cryogenic Pulsating Heat Pipe | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_63 |
2023-01-01 | GeV-class proton beam with an average power of several megawatts have many important applications in particle physics towards the intensity frontier, as well as in the advanced energy, and material science. In 2019, China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) proposed an isochronous FFAG conceptual design with capability o... | Simulation and Analysis of Cryogenic System for FFAG Superconducting Magnets | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_148 |
2023-01-01 | So far, we have focused on fusion in plasmas that are confined by magnetic fields. Those approaches aim to maximize the time interval in which fusion can occur. Other important parameters are plasma temperature and density. Higher temperature makes fusion more likely when nuclei collide, and higher density means that m... | Inertial Confinement Fusion | 10.1007/978-3-031-22906-0_8 |
2023-01-01 | Motors with high temperature superconducting windings are often designed to be ‘air-cored’ in order to maximise the magnetic fields that can be developed. In these cases, structural materials are required that are both electrically non-conducting and perform well at cryogenic temperatures. Powder-filled polymers are a ... | Mechanical Characterisation of Additively Processed Filled Nylon Powder Composites Under Cryogenic Conditions | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_140 |
2023-01-01 | A new project called Dalian Advanced Light Source (DALS) is proposed by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and is subject to Chinese central government’s approval. To test SRF cavities and accelerator cryomodules, a series of test benches, including horizontal test bench ... | Safety Relief System Design for the DALS Test Facility Cryogenic System | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_6 |
2023-01-01 | The paper studies a new method of honing with preliminary cryogenic treatment that improves the quality of the machined surface of products from low-carbon steels. The relevance of this paper deals with finding new methods and improving the technology of the honing process aimed at maintaining high accuracy in the geom... | Studying the Process of Honing with Preliminary Cryogenic Treatment of Products from Low-Carbon Steels | 10.1007/978-3-031-14125-6_92 |
2023-01-01 | Magnetic bearing has been gradually applied to the field of cryogenics because of its advantages. And a large number of literatures has been accumulated in this field. In this paper, the application of magnetic bearing in cryogenics field is analyzed based on Bibliometric Method for the first time, and the knowledge ma... | Bibliometric Analysis on the Application of Magnetic Bearing in the Field of Cryogenics | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_45 |
2023-01-01 | In aerospace applications, Iron-Nickel (Fe–Ni) alloys are first choice of structural designers, whenever high strength and low thermal expansion are required for spacecraft subsystems. Fe–Ni alloy have an extraordinarily minimum thermal expansion, and dimensions were nearly invariable even at cryogenic temperatures, po... | Thermo-chemical Characterisation of Fe–Ni Alloys for Space Applications | 10.1007/978-981-19-4918-0_2 |
2023-01-01 | This chapter is focused on imaging of viruses and viral vectors individually or in the context of cells and tissue. Common preparation techniques performed at room temperature or in cryogenic conditions for electron microscopy are summarized. Additional topics about instrumentation, data processing, correlative light a... | Methods and Practical Considerations in Imaging Viral Therapeutics | 10.1007/978-3-031-28489-2_14 |
2023-01-01 | Among the mechanisms aimed at improving the body’s adaptive capacity during acclimatization is ensuring the adequacy of metabolic processes by optimizing the diet. The research provided the basis for the development of recipes for prophylactic products with a targeted effect based on vegetable raw materials (vegetables... | Non-specific Prevention of Pre-disease States and Diseases When Adapting to a Maritime Climate | 10.1007/978-3-031-30951-9_6 |
2023-01-01 | Liquid nitrogen/tetrafluoromethane (LN $$_2$$ /CF $$_4$$ ) mixture with a wide liquefied temperature range of 50 to 100 K might be a promising coolant for high- $$T_\textrm{c}$$ superconducting (HTS) apparatus. However, certain features have not yet been clarified before further application, particularly the insulation... | Breakdown Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen/Tetrafluoromethane/Polypropylene Laminated Paper Insulation System Utilized for Superconducting Energy Pipeline | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_145 |
2023-01-01 | In this paper, we present an empirical model for the bulk electron mobility in Si as a function of doping and temperature, down to the cryogenic range. With regard to lattice scattering, we have proposed an empirical model for the lattice dilation energy as a function of doping, using the data extracted from experiment... | An Empirical Model for Bulk Electron Mobility in Si at Cryogenic Temperatures | 10.1007/s12633-022-02035-5 |
2023-01-01 | Cryogenic fluids are widely used in industrial, aerospace, and many other scientific applications and systems. In these systems, proper transport, handling and storage of cryogenic fluids are of great importance. Chill-down of a transfer line is a natural consequence of routine cryogenic fluid transfer. The chill down ... | Experimental and Computational Study of Liquid Nitrogen Transfer Line Chilldown | 10.1007/978-981-19-6970-6_57 |
2023-01-01 | A low-noise high-gain large-bandwidth transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope (CryoSTM) is proposed. The TIA connected with the tip-sample component in CryoSTM is called as CryoSTM-TIA. The CryoSTM-TIA has a transimpedance gain of 10 G $$\Omega $$ Ω , a bandwidth of over 100 kHz, and ... | Low-Noise High-Gain Large-Bandwidth Transimpedance Amplifier with Cascode-Type Preamplifier for Cryogenic STM | 10.1007/s10909-022-02855-0 |
2023-01-01 | Thermodynamic vent system (TVS) is a promising approach for controlling pressure propellants in cryogenic tanks under microgravity conditions. Prior simulations for the pressurization of cryogen in the tank with TVS basically treated the liquid as quasi-static by the venting operation. However, experiments showed that ... | Modeling of Pressure Reducing in a Cryogenic Tank by a Thermodynamic Vent System Considering Flashing | 10.1007/978-981-99-6128-3_119 |
2023-01-01 | A numerical framework for the simulation of two-phase cryogenic flows under a wide range of pressure conditions is presented in this work. Sub-critical injection and near-vacuum ambient pressure conditions were assessed by numerical simulations. Two different computational approaches have been employed, namely a pressu... | Numerical Modelling of Cryogenic Flows Under Near-Vacuum Pressure Conditions | 10.1007/978-3-031-30936-6_12 |
2023-01-01 | Normalizing is a widely used heat treatment process for steel to induce desired mechanical and microstructural properties. In the present investigation, P91 martensitic steel was subjected to normalizing, followed by deep cryogenic soaking (DCS) using a muffle furnace and liquid nitrogen chamber. The specimens were reh... | Effect of Normalizing Followed by Deep Cryogenic Soaking on Mechanical Properties of P91 Martensitic Steel | 10.1007/978-981-99-2921-4_4 |
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