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2020-02-01 | Charpy impact tests are conducted at −196 °C for S30408 austenitic stainless steel. The results show that the fracture mechanism of the material is ductile fracture at this low temperature. Crack initiation points of the Charpy specimens are obtained by using compliance rate method. It is revealed that the crack initia... | A Novel Method for Estimating the Dynamic Fracture Toughness of Austenitic Stainless Steel | 10.1007/s11665-020-04652-w |
2020-02-01 | It is generally believed a variation of 3 He/ 4 He isotopic ratios in the mantle is due to only the decay of U and Th, which produces 4 He as well as heat. Here we show that not only 3 He/ 4 He isotopic ratios but also helium contents can be fractionated by thermal diffusion in the lower mantle. The driving force for t... | A helium stratified and ingassed lower mantle: resolving the helium paradoxes | 10.1007/s11631-019-00378-2 |
2020-02-01 | A series of YAG:Ce,Mn transparent ceramics were prepared via a solid-state reaction-vacuum sintering method. The effects of various Mn 2+ –Si 4+ pair doping levels on the structure, transmittance, and luminescence properties were systematically investigated. These transparent ceramics have average grain sizes of 10–16 ... | Red-emitting YAG: Ce, Mn transparent ceramics for warm WLEDs application | 10.1007/s40145-019-0346-0 |
2020-02-01 | Rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam, a sustainable thermosetting building facade porous polymer material, has been widely applied in the construction industry for energy conservation. Additional knowledge of the fire safety performance of PUR foam at different altitudes and sample widths is required. Comparative lab-scale ex... | Sub-Atmospheric Pressure Coupled with Width Effect on Downward Flame Spread over Energy Conservation Material Polyurethane Foam | 10.1007/s11630-019-1077-9 |
2020-02-01 | Perpendicular cardo structural units were inserted into a polyurethane (PU) framework from the pH indicator (phenolphthalein (PP), phenol red (PR), or bromocresol green (BG)) sharing a triphenylmethyl group. The thermal transitions, mechanical properties, pH-sensitive color change, and low temperature flexibility of th... | Insertion of a Cardo Structure into a Polyurethane Framework Using a pH Indicator and Its Impact on Tensile and Shape Memory Properties | 10.1007/s13233-020-8015-2 |
2020-02-01 | Temperature-dependency on cell membrane injury and inactivation of Saccharomyces pastorianus by low-pressure carbon dioxide microbubbles (MBCO 2 ) was investigated. The number of surviving S. pastorianus cells after MBCO 2 treatment detected with yeast and mould agar (YMA, an optimum agar) was higher than that with YMA... | Temperature-dependency on the inactivation of Saccharomyces pastorianus by low-pressure carbon dioxide microbubbles | 10.1007/s13197-019-04090-0 |
2020-02-01 | It is well known that groove texture with a careful design can be used to enhance the load-carrying capacity of oil film under the conditions of hydrodynamic lubrication. In this study, a general parametric model was developed, and agenetic algorithm-sequential quadratic programming hybrid method was adopted to obtain ... | Optimization of groove texture profile to improve hydrodynamic lubrication performance: Theory and experiments | 10.1007/s40544-018-0247-1 |
2020-02-01 | This work mainly investigated the effects of gallium-substituting iron on the magnetic and dielectric properties of Mg-Cd ferrites Mg 0.8 Cd 0.2 Fe 2-x Ga x O 4 ( x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) for high-frequency antennas. All the samples were synthesized at 1170 °C. XRD patterns indicated the samples crystallized in ... | Matching Permeability and Permittivity of Ga-Substituting Mg-Cd Ferrites for High-Frequency Antennas | 10.1007/s10948-019-05228-z |
2020-02-01 | Chilling stress during the growing season could cause a series of changes in wucai ( Brassica campestris L.). WS-1 (chilling-tolerant genotype) and Ta2 (chilling-sensitive genotype) were sampled in present study to explore the chilling tolerance mechanisms. Our results indicated that photosynthetic parameters exhibited... | Response of photosynthetic capacity and antioxidative system of chloroplast in two wucai (Brassica campestris L.) genotypes against chilling stress | 10.1007/s12298-019-00743-8 |
2020-02-01 | The stream sediments of Wadi El Reddah (North Eastern Desert, Egypt) are geochemically and mineralogically investigated. Their content of radioactive and other heavy minerals is mainly represented by thorite, uranothorite, zircon, monazite, xenotime, columbite, fergusonite, and unknown rare earth elements (REEs) bearin... | Low-temperature alteration of uranium–thorium bearing minerals and its significance in neoformation of radioactive minerals in stream sediments of Wadi El-Reddah, North Eastern Desert, Egypt | 10.1007/s11631-019-00335-z |
2020-02-01 | Nocturnal low-level jets (LLJs) have been documented at many places around the world, particularly across the Great Plains of the United States. Nocturnal LLJs significantly affect the regional weather and climate, as well as several industrial activities. While the LLJ has been extensively studied, little attention ha... | Contrasting Characteristics and Evolution of Southerly Low-Level Jets During Different Boundary-Layer Regimes | 10.1007/s10546-019-00481-0 |
2020-02-01 | Abstract Hydrophobic associated polymer is widely used as fracturing fluids, but its cost is often higher than natural polymers. In order to reduce the cost, quaternary polymer AM/AA/NVP/MAO-12DAM (AANM) was successfully synthesized. The incorporation of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) improves the temperature resistance o... | High Performance Hydrophobic Associated Polymer for Fracturing Fluids with Low-Dosage | 10.1134/S0965544120020115 |
2020-02-01 | The use of dry electrodes is increasing rapidly. Since their impedance is high, there is a high impedance node at the connecting node between the electrode and amplifier. This leads to absorb powerline signal and high CMRR amplifiers are essential to eliminate this. In this article, we propose a low-power low-noise cho... | A fully differential capacitively-coupled high CMRR low-power chopper amplifier for EEG dry electrodes | 10.1007/s10470-019-01577-w |
2020-02-01 | Under the extensive implementation of ultra-low emission (ULE) facilities in coal-fired power plants of China, sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) has received increasing attention due to its impact on human health and operation safety of power plants. However, systematic research and evaluation for controlling SO 3 emission in va... | Field test of SO3 removal in ultra-low emission coal-fired power plants | 10.1007/s11356-019-07210-7 |
2020-02-01 | The use of the thermal power plant ashes including fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) for producing unfired building bricks (UBB) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution as an alkaline activator was investigated. A low applied forming pressure of 0.5 MPa and various NaOH concentrations of 5, 8, 10, and 12 M were used for ... | Effects of NaOH Concentrations on Properties of the Thermal Power Plant Ashes-Bricks by Alkaline Activation | 10.1007/s11595-020-2236-2 |
2020-02-01 | The feasibility of the calculation model and calculation methods is verified by engine bench test and visual rapid compression machine (RCM) test as reported in this paper. Using AVL software FIRE, the processes of low speed preignition (LSPI) and super knock triggered by the oil particles have been studied by numerica... | Numerical Analysis of Low Speed Pre-Ignition and Knock Process in Downsized Turbocharged Direct Injection Engines with Ethanol-Gasoline Blends | 10.1007/s12239-020-0002-2 |
2020-02-01 | Geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes were determined in Triassic calcalkaline metalava and metapyroclastic rocks from Attica and Argolida, central Greece, to ascertain their origin, evolution, and emplacement timing. Sample protoliths were lavas, tuffs, and, subordinately, tuffites of basaltic to rhyolitic composition. Desp... | Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic evidence for petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of Lower-Middle Triassic volcanogenic rocks from central Greece: Implications for the Neotethyan Pindos ocean | 10.1007/s00710-019-00687-7 |
2020-02-01 | Purpose Dietary protein, as important macronutrient, is vital for intestinal function and health status. We aimed to determine the effects of dietary protein source on growth performance and intestinal function of neonates with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in a pig model. Methods Eighteen pairs of IUGR and no... | Microbial insight into dietary protein source affects intestinal function of pigs with intrauterine growth retardation | 10.1007/s00394-019-01910-z |
2020-02-01 | An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of enzyme-treated soy protein (ETSP) supplementation in low protein diets on growth performance as well as flesh sensory quality and healthiness in on-growing grass carp. A total of 540 on-growing grass carp (initial average weight 325.72 ± 0.60 g) were f... | Enzyme-treated soy protein supplementation in low protein diet improved flesh tenderness, juiciness, flavor, healthiness, and antioxidant capacity in on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) | 10.1007/s10695-019-00710-w |
2020-02-01 | Low aspect ratio nanopores are expected to be applied to the detection of viruses and bacteria because of their high spatial resolution. Multiphysics simulations have revealed that the ion current-time waveform obtained from low aspect ratio nanopores contains information on not only the volume of viruses and bacteria,... | Analysis Method of the Ion Current-Time Waveform Obtained from Low Aspect Ratio Solid-state Nanopores | 10.2116/analsci.19R009 |
2020-02-01 | A tunable polarization-insensitive absorber based on an active frequency-selective surface is proposed for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption in the L and S bands. The frequency-selective surface consists of a diamond-shaped loop that is interconnected by varactor diodes. The proposed design is significant because of... | Design of a Tunable Polarization-Insensitive Absorber for L and S Bands Using Active Frequency-Selective Surface | 10.1007/s11664-019-07807-1 |
2020-02-01 | Purpose Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients, and its etiopathogenesis is related to an underlying tumor in 14% of cases. Hyponatremia has been associated with a worse outcome in several pathologies, including cancer, in which the leading cause of this electrolyte alteration is ... | Effects of low extracellular sodium on proliferation and invasive activity of cancer cells in vitro | 10.1007/s12020-019-02135-0 |
2020-02-01 | Postpartum low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) thromboprophylaxis is indicated for a substantial proportion of women. We assessed women’s adherence to postpartum thromboprophylaxis and the factors associated with adherence. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a university hospital during 2018. Parturients ... | Factors associated with women’s adherence to postpartum thromboprophylaxis | 10.1007/s11239-019-01952-4 |
2020-02-01 | The electrophoretic behavior of twenty anions has been studied on silica gel-G, titanium (IV) tungstate and silica gel-G- titanium (IV) tungstate admixture layers using 0.1 M solutions of oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and acetic acid as background electrolyte. The mechanism of migration is expl... | Low-voltage thin-layer electrophoresis of inorganic anions on silica gel-G and titanium (IV) tungstate layers: separation of coexisting F−, Cl−, Br− and I−, I−, IO3− and IO4−, Fe(CN)64− and Fe(CN)63− | 10.1007/s00764-019-00007-x |
2020-02-01 | The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous irradiation of different low-level laser wavelengths on the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), paraoxonase (PON1), catalase, and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) in diabetic rats. First, diabetes was induced in rats us... | Intravenous laser wavelength radiation effect on LCAT, PON1, catalase, and FRAP in diabetic rats | 10.1007/s10103-019-02805-5 |
2020-02-01 | This study was designed to investigate the effect of 650-nm low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) as an adjunctive treatment of experimental periodontitis. To investigate possible LLLI-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, we utilized an experimental periodontitis (EP) rat model and analyzed c-Jun, c-Fos, ICAM-1, and CCL2 g... | Effect of 650-nm low-level laser irradiation on c-Jun, c-Fos, ICAM-1, and CCL2 expression in experimental periodontitis | 10.1007/s10103-018-2662-y |
2020-02-01 | Low shear stress (LSS) occurs in areas where atherosclerosis is prevalent. Many studies have revealed that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) plays a significant role in cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, the mechanism underlying the connection between STAT1 and LSS is not fully understood. Th... | Low shear stress damages endothelial function through STAT1 in endothelial cells (ECs) | 10.1007/s13105-020-00729-1 |
2020-02-01 | Abstract Wide-range measurements of thin films of SiC x O y H z organosilicate glasses, both dense and porous, deposited on dielectric sapphire substrates and conductive layers of platinum and aluminum, were performed in the THz–IR (5–5000 cm –1 ) range. This method can be used not only to analyze the evolution of abso... | Terahertz and Infrared Spectroscopy of Dense and Porous Organosilicate Glass Thin Films | 10.1134/S1028335820020056 |
2020-02-01 | The paleo-sedimentary environment can be restored qualitatively or semiqualitatively using elements or combinations of elements that are sensitive to the depositional environment. Through the analysis and testing of the main elements, trace elements and rare earth elements of twenty-one Lower—Middle Permian coal-bearin... | Elemental geochemical characteristics of Lower—Middle Permian mudstones in Taikang Uplift, southern North China Basin: implications for the FOUR-PALEO conditions | 10.1007/s12303-019-0008-9 |
2020-02-01 | Abstract Using Raman scattering, we have studied the spectral characteristics of intermolecular vibrations of water that are associated with low- (about 50 cm –1 in the IR absorption spectrum) and high-frequency (183.4 cm –1 in the IR absorption spectrum) vibrations of water molecules. Our consideration is based on the... | Features of the Distribution of Spectral Parameters of Intermolecular Vibrations in Water Obtained by Raman Spectroscopy | 10.1134/S0030400X20020125 |
2020-02-01 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the photobiomodulation of red and green lights in the repair process of third-degree skin burns in rats through clinicopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (CTRL) ( n = 20), red LED (RED) ( n = 20), and gr... | Photobiomodulation of red and green lights in the repair process of third-degree skin burns | 10.1007/s10103-019-02776-7 |
2020-02-01 | Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy in treating chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods A total of 65 CNLBP patients were divided into two groups by the random number table method. Thirty-three cases in the treatment group were int... | Clinical observation of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy for chronic non-specific low back pain | 10.1007/s11726-020-1158-z |
2020-02-01 | Hypoxia is among the most critical environmental stressors for fish in aquatic environments, and several energetic alterations have been associated with it. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network and its effects on adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent enzymes d... | Involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network in gill bioenergetic imbalance of pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) subjected to hypoxia: notable participation of creatine kinase | 10.1007/s10695-019-00728-0 |
2020-01-31 | Background There are 2.5 million neonatal deaths each year; the majority occur within 48 h of birth, before stabilisation. Evidence from 11 trials shows that kangaroo mother care (KMC) significantly reduces mortality in stabilised neonates; however, data on its effect among neonates before stabilisation are lacking. Th... | Operationalising kangaroo Mother care before stabilisation amongst low birth Weight Neonates in Africa (OMWaNA): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to examine mortality impact in Uganda | 10.1186/s13063-019-4044-6 |
2020-01-31 | The present study is focused on the biogeographic dynamic quantification tested on ostracods of Upper Pliensbachian-Lower Toarcian. The calculation of similarity and distance indices made it possible to compare the contents of nine regions belonging to the palaeobiogeographic province of Western Tethys. The generic com... | Similarity analysis of Ostracoda faunas in the Western Tethys during the Late Pliensbachian-Early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) | 10.1007/s12517-020-5178-2 |
2020-01-29 | Background Chondromyxoid fibroma-like osteosarcoma (CMF-OS) is an exceedingly rare subtype of low-grade central osteosarcoma (LGCO), accounting for up to 10% of cases and making it difficult to diagnose. CMF-OS is frequently misdiagnosed on a radiological examination and biopsy, even after the initial operation. Its tr... | Chondromyxoid fibroma-like osteosarcoma: a case series and literature review | 10.1186/s12891-020-3063-5 |
2020-01-25 | The unique hairball-like VS 4 composed of spiral nanowires was successively constructed through a one-step hydrothermal method. The prepared hairball-like VS 4 exhibits high capacity and long cycle stability for Na + storage at room temperature, and it can tolerate drastic temperature changes. The ex situ characterizat... | Three-Dimensional Self-assembled Hairball-Like VS4 as High-Capacity Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries | 10.1007/s40820-020-0377-7 |
2020-01-24 | Background Sevoflurane is suitable for low-flow anesthesia (LFA). LFA needs a wash-in phase. The reported sevoflurane wash-in schemes lack simplicity, target coverage, and applicability. We proposed a one-step 1-1-8 wash-in scheme for sevoflurane LFA to be used with both N 2 O and Air. The objective of our study was to... | 1-1-8 one-step sevoflurane wash-in scheme for low-flow anesthesia: simple, rapid, and predictable induction | 10.1186/s12871-020-0940-2 |
2020-01-23 | Background Routine immunization programs face many challenges in settings such as Papua New Guinea with dispersed rural populations, rugged geography and limited resources for transport and health. Low routine coverage contributes to disease outbreaks such as measles and the polio that re-appeared in 2018. We report on... | Strengthening routine immunization in Papua New Guinea: a cross-sectional provincial assessment of front-line services | 10.1186/s12889-020-8172-4 |
2020-01-23 | Background Fat percentage and distribution in pigs are associated with their productive efficiency and meat quality. Dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) regulate fat metabolism in weanling piglets with unknown mechanism. It is reported that N6-methyl-adenosine (m 6 A) is involved in fat metabolism in mice. The cu... | Excessive BCAA regulates fat metabolism partially through the modification of m6A RNA methylation in weanling piglets | 10.1186/s12986-019-0424-x |
2020-01-22 | The aim of this study was to prepare transparent acryl/glass cloth composite materials with low light dispersion and high mechanical properties (modulus and strength) by using E-glass cloth and photo-curable acrylate monomers. The influences of the refractive index of the matrix, and the addition of comonomers and sili... | Preparation and mechanical properties of acryl/glass cloth composite materials with low light dispersion | 10.1007/s10965-019-1998-8 |
2020-01-21 | In the current paper, energy dissipation via stress-induced polarization switching in ferroelectric material is investigated, and the feasibility of its application in sound wave absorption is analysed . For the system design and analysis, a phenomenological model based on the modified Landau phase transition theory is... | Investigation on energy dissipation by polarization switching in ferroelectric materials and the feasibility of its application in sound wave absorption | 10.1007/s00339-019-3275-4 |
2020-01-21 | The flexural behavioral properties of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) low-profile T-beams reinforced with a combination of steel fibers and steel reinforcing bars were investigated in this paper. Five large scale T-beams were tested and analyzed regarding their deflection, ductility, strain, curvature, load capa... | Experimental Investigation on Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Ultra High Performance Concrete Low-Profile T-Beams | 10.1186/s40069-019-0380-x |
2020-01-20 | Background The autonomic nervous system interacts with the pain system. Knowledge on the effects of high velocity low amplitude spinal manipulations (SM) on autonomic activity and experimentally induced pain is limited. In particular, the effects of SM on autonomic activity and pain beyond the immediate post interventi... | The effect of a single spinal manipulation on cardiovascular autonomic activity and the relationship to pressure pain threshold: a randomized, cross-over, sham-controlled trial | 10.1186/s12998-019-0293-4 |
2020-01-16 | The molecular compositions of a range of low viscosity hydrocarbon base oils spanning API Groups II to IV have been quantified using 13 C NMR and correlated with base oil elastohydrodynamic (EHD) friction. A strong correlation has been found between the proportions of paraffin, linear and branched carbons and EHD frict... | Correlation of Elastohydrodynamic Friction with Molecular Structure of Highly Refined Hydrocarbon Base Oils | 10.1007/s11249-020-1265-5 |
2020-01-16 | In order to enhance the low recovery efficiency in low-permeability and heterogeneous reservoirs resulted by water channeling during water flooding process, a series of flooding experiments using in situ polymerization microsphere (ISPM) with surfactant were conducted to achieve deep profile control in high conductivit... | Applications of in situ polymerization microsphere with surfactant EOR in low-permeability and heterogeneous reservoirs | 10.1007/s12517-020-5084-7 |
2020-01-15 | Purpose The aim of the present paper is to evaluate a simplified implant site preparation technique to preserve bone bulk and enhance osseointegration using a new conical self-tapping implant in cancellous bone. Materials and methods Ten Expander® 3.8 × 10 mm implants (NoDrill®, Milano, Italy) were inserted in the righ... | Single-drill implant induces bone corticalization during submerged healing: an in vivo pilot study | 10.1186/s40729-019-0198-y |
2020-01-14 | Geothermal energy is one of the most promising renewable energies due to its high load factor. This work is devoted to presenting the conceptualizations and research advances made at Shenzhen University on the exploration and utilization of low/medium-temperature geothermal energy based on the geothermal resource poten... | Conceptualization and evaluation of the exploration and utilization of low/medium-temperature geothermal energy: a case study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area | 10.1007/s40948-019-00140-1 |
2020-01-14 | MgO makes up about 20% of the Earth’s lower mantle; hence, its rheological behaviour is important for the dynamics and evolution of the Earth. Here, we investigate the strength of twin boundaries from 0 to 120 GPa using DFT calculations together with structure prediction methods. As expected, we find that the energy ba... | The discontinuous effect of pressure on twin boundary strength in MgO | 10.1007/s00269-019-01079-1 |
2020-01-13 | The structure of liquid silicates is commonly described as a statistical mixture of various atomic entities with relative abundances that can vary with pressure, temperature, and composition. Unfortunately, this view remains largely theoretical due to scarce experimental reports on the silicate melt structure, in parti... | Melting behavior of SiO2 up to 120 GPa | 10.1007/s00269-019-01077-3 |
2020-01-13 | In this study, magnetic snail shell (MSS) prepared by impregnating of iron oxide onto snail shell (SS) powder was used for removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. Among six different mass ratios of Fe/SS powder studied, the MSS25 produced at a ratio of 25% achieved the highest Cr(VI) adsorption capacity. Batch adsorptio... | Cr(VI) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using a Magnetite Snail Shell | 10.1007/s11270-020-4406-4 |
2020-01-13 | In order to provide an effective anticorrosive Cu-based coating for magnesium alloy, cold spray and ultrasonic shot peening (USSP) were used. A series of Cu/Ni composite coatings with different content of Ni were deposited on the surface of the Mg alloy. The obtained coatings were strengthened by USSP. The results reve... | Structure and corrosion behavior of cold-sprayed Cu/Ni composite coating post-treated by ultrasonic shot peening | 10.1007/s42452-020-1997-8 |
2020-01-13 | In this paper, a novel adaptive algorithm to detect and track targets with low grazing angle is addressed. For this purpose, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar signal is employed through an edge computing framework over the radar platform. However, detecting the targets in the low grazing angle ... | An edge computing framework based on OFDM radar for low grazing angle target tracking | 10.1186/s13638-020-1638-3 |
2020-01-11 | Based on the unique advantages of terahertz (THz) spectrum on the detection of energetic cocrystals, the low-temperature dependent THz spectra of CL-20/TNT cocrystal were investigated by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations from 5 to 296 K, as well as three different crystal faces, (001), (120), and (010). When th... | Low-temperature dependence on the THz spectrum of CL-20/TNT energetic cocrystal by molecular dynamics simulations | 10.1007/s00894-019-4270-6 |
2020-01-10 | Main conclusion Circular RNA (circRNA) identification and expression profiles, and construction of circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs networks indicates that circRNAs are involved in wood formation of poplars in acclimation to low nitrogen availability. Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed non-coding RNAs that pl... | Identification and characterization of circular RNAs during wood formation of poplars in acclimation to low nitrogen availability | 10.1007/s00425-020-03338-w |
2020-01-10 | The b -value of the Gutenberg–Richter law represents the ratio of earthquake magnitude to frequency of occurrence and is inversely proportional to differential stress. Repeating long-term slow-slip events (SSEs) and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) occur at subducting plate interfaces and have stress-dependent characte... | Stress state along the western Nankai Trough subduction zone inferred from b-values, long-term slow-slip events, and low-frequency earthquakes | 10.1186/s40623-020-1130-7 |
2020-01-09 | Background Lower limb malperfusion accompanied with acute type A dissection (AAD) is reported to be an independent predictor for mortality. Timely treatment is required. However, staged approach to restore the perfusion of the ischemic leg before aortic repair has a continuously increase risk of aortic rupture. Aortic ... | A modified axillo-femoral perfusion for acute type a aortic dissection accompanied with lower limb malperfusion | 10.1186/s13019-020-1060-2 |
2020-01-08 | In southern Chile, epidemiological studies have linked high levels of air pollution produced by the use of wood-burning stoves with the incidence of numerous diseases. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study explores the potential of participatory sensing strategies to transform experiences, perceptions, attitude... | Out of sight, out of mind: participatory sensing for monitoring indoor air quality | 10.1007/s10661-019-8058-z |
2020-01-04 | An attempt was made in the current study to identify the main-effect and co-localized quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for germination and early seedling growth traits under low-temperature stress (LTS) conditions in rice. The plant material used in this study was an early backcross population of 230 introgression lines ... | Identification of main-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for low-temperature stress tolerance germination- and early seedling vigor-related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) | 10.1007/s11032-019-1090-4 |
2020-01-03 | Magnesium hydroxide (MH) and alumina trihydrate (ATH) are extensively consumed as fillers in polyolefins to fabricate naturally responsive cables. Halogen-free wires, and especially cross-linked or thermoplastic elastomers, are further prevalent in worldwide use. The limited oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter, smoke ... | Thermal stability and flame-retardant characteristic of irradiated LDPE and composites | 10.1007/s12034-019-2021-z |
2020-01-01 | Refractory design, installation, and maintenance are discussed in this chapter. The different aspects of refractory design, e.g., as arch design, roof design, expansion joints in the lining, and the stress developed in the lining in preheating, are addressed in this chapter. The characteristics of different kinds of mo... | Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Refractories | 10.1007/978-3-030-61240-5_4 |
2020-01-01 | In this chapter the general principle of Refractory lining is discussed with special emphasis on the lining procedure of rotary kiln. The laying of bricks, putting expansion joints, and using of mortar to join bricks are discussed in details. The detail of installation procedures of conventional and low cement castable... | Refractory Design, Installation, and Maintenance | 10.1007/978-3-030-21340-4_6 |
2020-01-01 | The rise in demand and interest in arctic exploration has brought new challenges with regard to the mechanical behavior of lightweight offshore structures with fiber reinforced composite materials. These materials experience drastic changes and degradation in their macro-and-microstructures when exposed to seawater and... | Failure Mechanics of Low Velocity Dynamic Impact on Woven Polymeric Composites in Arctic Conditions | 10.1007/978-3-030-31065-3_20 |
2020-01-01 | The general nature of the dependence of engineering and service characteristics of refractory concretes with an average cement content, and also low-cement (LCRC), ultra-low cement (ULCRC) and cement-free (CFRC), on the content of CaO (or HAC) in them is analyzed. Significant advantages of cement-free concretes are the... | Cement-Free Refractory Concretes. Part 1. General Information. Hcbs and Ceramic Concretes | 10.1007/s11148-020-00381-8 |
2020-01-01 | Even though densified products have many advantages in terms of storage, handling, transportation, and conversion performance, existing methods to produce dense biomass pellets are currently not considered due to the prohibitive costs to densify them. At present, new preprocessing technologies are developed to address ... | Advances in Biomass Densification and Its Impact on Cost and Quality | 10.1007/978-3-030-62888-8_4 |
2020-01-01 | Advanced composite materials play vital structural roles in automotive, aerospace and marine industries. Drastic reduction in arctic sea ice region over the last three decades has opened new sailing routes which are more efficient and economical. This has resulted in the increased use of marine and naval vessels in ext... | Behavior of Composite Materials and Structures in Low Temperature Arctic Conditions | 10.1007/978-3-030-31065-3_21 |
2020-01-01 | Additive manufacturing processes Kirka, Michael M. are becoming increasingly utilized throughout industry. These technologies enable novel design and manufacture of complex components, reduce material waste streams, and potentially Fernandez-Zelaia, Patxi reduce development cycles via rapid prototyping. The high- $$\... | Mechanical Performance of a Non-weldable Ni-Base Superalloy: Inconel 738 Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting | 10.1007/978-3-030-51834-9_105 |
2020-01-01 | The article is devoted to the behavior of asphalt concrete with a change in air temperature. The subject of the study is the temperature regime of asphalt concrete. The aim of this work is to assess the effect of changes in air temperature on the strength characteristics of asphalt concrete and develop proposals to red... | Temperature Condition of Asphalt Concrete During Road Usage | 10.1007/978-3-030-42351-3_16 |
2020-01-01 | Isothermal compression testing was carried out on newly developed low-cost (α + β) Ti-4.5Al-1 V-3Fe alloy with lamellar initial microstructure using a Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator. The tests were performed under different conditions of strain rate (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s −1 ), deformation temperature (... | Hot working behaviour of experimental Ti-4.5Al-1 V-3Fe alloy with initial lamellar microstructure | 10.1007/s00170-019-04718-7 |
2020-01-01 | An experimental work was conducted for studying the influence of early age curing temperature on the performance of low clinker blends. Three low clinker blends, limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3 ), Portland pozzolanic cement (PPC) using fly ash, and Portland slag cement (PSC) were used in this study. The clinker re... | The Influence of Temperature Regime on Performance of Low Clinker Blended Cements | 10.1007/978-981-15-2806-4_35 |
2020-01-01 | This chapter covers the largest set of projects in SERIIUS that can be viewed overall as having three distinct themes. First is the development of new low-capital thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technologies by high-throughput manufacturing processes with a focus on solution-based roll-to-roll processing. This effort was h... | Sustainable Photovoltaics | 10.1007/978-3-030-33184-9_2 |
2020-01-01 | Low-power microwave plasma spraying of low electrical resistivity Cu coating on polyacetal has been developed for direct printing of electric wire onto resin-based material without any interlayer, and the deposition mechanism has been investigated. Deposition behavior of Cu spray particles on POM substrate during spray... | In-flight Behavior and Deposition Mechanism of Copper Coating on Polyacetal Resin Substrate | 10.1007/s11666-019-00931-8 |
2020-01-01 | Raw wastewater hydrolysis rates during start-up in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and anaerobic digestion (AD) systems, seeded with a mesophilic inoculum from a digester, were compared at moderate temperatures (27.5 ℃ and 8 ℃). Temperature drop affected both the lipids and carbohydrates hydrolysis rates but not necessaril... | Domestic wastewater hydrolysis and lipolysis during start-up in anaerobic digesters and microbial fuel cells at moderate temperatures | 10.1007/s13762-019-02426-z |
2020-01-01 | Using electron microscopy, the instability (localization) of plastic deformation in austenitic steel CHS-52 (Chelyabinsk steel) at low temperature cyclic loading of welded vessels intended for transportation and storage of cryogenic liquids to increase their service life was studied. It is shown that with a decrease in... | Localization of Plastic Deformation in Austenitic Steel at Low-Temperature Cycling Loading | 10.1007/978-3-030-39500-1_18 |
2020-01-01 | The mechanical behavior of E-Glass/Epoxy and Carbon Fiber/Epoxy laminates when exposed to low temperature and prolonged submergence operating environments has been investigated through a detailed experimental study. The temperature range which was studied consisted of room temperature (20 °C) to −2 °C, the lowest tempe... | Low Temperature Seawater Effects on the Mechanical, Fracture, and Dynamic Behavior of E-Glass and Carbon Fiber Laminates | 10.1007/978-3-030-30021-0_38 |
2020-01-01 | Abstract Low surface-roughness and high-capacitance ion-conducting LiAlO 2 gate dielectric thin film has been fabricated by sol–gel technique to develop ultra-low voltage (≤ 1.0 V) indium-zinc-oxide thin film transistor (TFT). This LiAlO 2 dielectric shows α-LiAlO 2 and γ-LiAlO 2 phases those have been fabricated at tw... | Ultra-Low Voltage Metal Oxide Thin Film Transistor by Low-Temperature Annealed Solution Processed LiAlO2 Gate Dielectric | 10.1007/s13391-019-00184-1 |
2020-01-01 | Triggered by early experience in Sweden, the international project “Optimal recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement” (ORRAP) for minor roads in the Upper Rhine region aims at developing a new strategy for 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) at ambient temperature without adding bituminous binders. The still ongoing r... | 100% Recycling of Low-Temp Asphalt for Minor Roads – Lab Compaction and Traffic Simulation | 10.1007/978-3-030-29779-4_23 |
2020-01-01 | Abstract— Ceramic materials based on the Bi 2 ZnNb 2 O 9 and Bi 2 (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 2 O 7 phases with the pyrochlore structure in the Bi 2 O 3 –ZnO–Nb 2 O 5 system have been prepared by solid-state reactions, and their phase composition, crystal structure, and electrical properties have been studied. We have examined th... | Low-Temperature Ceramic Materials Based on Pyrochlore Compounds in the Bi2O3–ZnO–Nb2O5 System | 10.1134/S0020168520010124 |
2020-01-01 | Nickel base superalloy, alloy 625 Alloy 625(as-cast) is chosen to be the candidate material for the casing of the rotor in the Advanced Ultra Supercritical (AUSC) power plant, being developed in India. The casing of the rotor is subjected to repeated thermal stresses as a result of temperature gradients that occur on h... | Low Cyclic Fatigue Behavior of Alloy 625 at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures | 10.1007/978-981-13-8767-8_55 |
2020-01-01 | Cold heading process has been applied in the production of gear to improve production efficiency and reduce energy and steel Steel consumption. To increase the ductility of FAS3420H steel Steel and solve the cracking problem during cold heading, the Ostwald ripening behavior Ostwald ripening behavior of carbides Carbid... | Ripening Behavior of Carbides in Low-Carbon Low Alloy Steel FAS3420H During Spheroidizing Annealing Process | 10.1007/978-3-030-36540-0_30 |
2020-01-01 | Phase change materials (PCM) are widely investigated nowadays for building applications due to their ability of passive heating and cooling, thus regulating indoor temperature. Recently, PCMs have been studied also as additives of asphalt binders for road applications. However, PCM modifications of asphalt binder limit... | Impregnation of Lightweight Aggregate Particles with Phase Change Material for Its Use in Asphalt Mixtures | 10.1007/978-3-030-29779-4_33 |
2020-01-01 | This contribution introduces the dynamics of shallow and rotating flows that characterizes large-scale motions of the atmosphere and oceans. It then focuses on an important aspect of climate dynamics on interannual and interdecadal scales, namely the wind-driven ocean circulation. Studying the variability of this circu... | Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Nonautonomous Dynamical Systems, and the Climate Sciences | 10.1007/978-3-030-38669-6_1 |
2020-01-01 | Often, it is required to design cold-formed steel (CFS) structures to withstand a cold temperature which is commonly experienced in regions like Antarctica. However, the current knowledge of the effect of low temperature on the behavior of CFS is extremely limited. Thus, to set forth new design recommendations, it is n... | Investigation of Cold-Formed Steel Members Subjected to Extreme Low Temperatures Relevant to the Arctic Environment | 10.1007/978-981-15-4079-0_4 |
2020-01-01 | Er-doped Sm 1− x Er x (Co bal Fe 0.15 Cu 0.08 Zr 0.03 ) 7.8 ( x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) magnets with a low remanence temperature coefficient were prepared by powder metallurgy method. The influence of Er content on the remanence and microstructure was investigated. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed that the magne... | Low remanence temperature coefficient Sm1−xErx(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)z magnets operating up to 400 °C | 10.1007/s12598-019-01223-4 |
2020-01-01 | Transportation of whole blood from the point of collection to blood bank may vary from city to city depending on the infrastructure and location of the blood bank. The blood from a distance site is transported into the transport container. The aim of a transport container is to provide a secure controlled temperature e... | Storage of Blood | 10.1007/978-981-15-8435-0_4 |
2020-01-01 | Skin temperature measurement has always been an important method for evaluating the warm-keeping clothing in winter. In order to realize synchronous real-time and accurate measurement of skin temperature, multi-person and multi-node wireless skin temperature measurement system is designed. Based on LoRa wireless transm... | Research and Application of Multi-node Wireless Skin Temperature Measurement System | 10.1007/978-981-15-6978-4_59 |
2020-01-01 | The properties and mineralization Mineralization behaviour of a heavy metal industrial sludge Industrial sludge with Cu and Ni content of 2.61 and 2.28% were investigated. The main phases of the sludge are calcium hydrophosphate, gypsum and amorphous hydroxide, silica gel. Heavy metals such as copper Copper and nickel ... | Study of Properties and Mineralization of Cu–Ni Bearing Industry Sludge | 10.1007/978-3-030-36540-0_75 |
2020-01-01 | Cold-tolerant, photosynthetic organisms are able to either acclimate or, alternatively, adapt to low temperatures. The former are designated as psychrotolerant phototrophs, whereas the latter are defined as psychrophilic phototrophs. Central to cold acclimation and cold adaptation in phototrophs is the capacity to resp... | Photosynthetic Acclimation and Adaptation to Cold Ecosystems | 10.1007/978-981-15-5228-1_6 |
2020-01-01 | Abstract There is a pronounced anisotropy in the characteristics of low-cycle fatigue and the static elastic modulus of single crystals of intermetallic nickel alloy VKNA25 studied at high temperatures. The anisotropy of single crystals is determined by the axial crystallographic orientation. There is an unambiguous re... | Anisotropy in Characteristics of Low-Cycle Fatigue and the Structure of Single Crystals of Intermetallic Nickel Alloy VKNA25 | 10.1134/S2075113320010062 |
2020-01-01 | This chapter discusses the interesting magnetic properties oxide surface magnetic properties of low-dimensional oxides, especially transition metal (TM) oxides (Sect. 22.1 ), which have long been the focus of scientific investigations. In recent years, researchers have taken a particular interest in low-dimensional TM... | Magnetic Properties of Oxide Surfaces and Films | 10.1007/978-3-030-46906-1_22 |
2020-01-01 | This multi-subject study is focused on some crucial material issues related to brown-coal mining machines. These issues include degradation problems of rimmed steels used till the 1980s for structures of excavator bodies. The performed research works resulted in resigning this group of materials in construction of new ... | Overview of Materials Testing of Brown-Coal Mining Machines (Years 1985–2017) | 10.1007/978-3-030-25478-0_2 |
2020-01-01 | Very low pressure plasma spraying (VLPPS) is an attractive method for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells, wherein it can significantly avoid the oxidation of metal substrate. In this study, scandia-stabilized zirconia electrolyte was fabricated by VLPPS. To investigate the microstructure of coatings, the spraying d... | Development of ScSZ Electrolyte by Very Low Pressure Plasma Spraying for High-Performance Metal-Supported SOFCs | 10.1007/s11666-019-00970-1 |
2020-01-01 | In this report, we investigated the effects of carbon and microstructure Microstructure of Properties the precursor on the magnetic performances based on a developed method for bulk preparation to synthesize Fe–CN Fe–CN ( Minnealloy Minnealloy ) soft magnetic materials. The melt-spun ribbons of Fe 1− x C x were obtaine... | Carbon and Microstructure Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Fe–CN Soft Magnetic Materials (Minnealloy) | 10.1007/978-3-030-36296-6_170 |
2020-01-01 | The paper presents the results of low-cycle fatigue tests on P91 steel specimens, carried out under constant strain and constant stress conditions, in several test temperatures. The analysis of the experimental data indicates the influence of fatigue testing conditions on the fatigue life predictions based on the Rambe... | Thermomechanical Cyclic Properties of P91 Steel | 10.1007/978-3-030-34851-9_5 |
2020-01-01 | The Minnesota Road Research Project (MnROAD) and the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) have formed a partnership to execute asphalt mixture performance testing experiments with a nationwide implementation impact. As part of this partnership, a pooled-fund study, called MnROAD Cracking Group (CG) experiment,... | Experimental Methods for Material Selection, Quality Control, and Forensic Investigations of Asphalt Paving Materials | 10.1007/978-3-030-55236-7_17 |
2020-01-01 | Turnip of the Brassica genus is a traditional crop that is widely cultivated in farming and farming-pastoral regions in Tibet. It is mostly utilized as animal fodder and vegetable around the Tibetan plateau. Given their high altitudes and variable climate types, different regions of Tibet plateau are home to a rich div... | Genetic diversity analysis of Tibetan turnip(Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera Matzg) revealed by morphological, physiological, and molecular marker | 10.1007/s10722-019-00824-3 |
2020-01-01 | Edge breaks Edge breaks initiating at both edges of steel strip are strain lines/ Lüders lines Lüders lines which are unacceptable for surface critical and semi-critical applications. Some steel manufacturers are using de-gassing technology by producing interstitial-free steel to reduce or eliminate edge breaks Edge br... | Heterogeneous Grain Microstructure Reducing/Eliminating Edge Breaks in Low Carbon Steels | 10.1007/978-3-030-36556-1_21 |
2020-01-01 | Low-temperature cracks reduce the road surfaces quality, increase the cost of their repair. This problem is relevant in the regions with seasonal soil freezing. Analysis of the literature showed that, despite the large research work, the multidisciplinary problem of low-temperature cracking requires further research. I... | Influence of Temperature and Soil Thermal Expansion on Cracking of Dirt Road Surface During Seasonal Freezing | 10.1007/978-3-030-37919-3_26 |
2020-01-01 | The main efficiency indicators of heat-insulating materials and products are characteristics: thermal resistance and effective thermal conductivity. One of the main method of determination of thermal resistance described in EN 12667:2001 heat flow meter method. Important problem in using heat flow meter apparatus and m... | Information-Measuring Technologies in the Metrological Support of Thermal Conductivity Determination by Heat Flow Meter Apparatus | 10.1007/978-3-030-48583-2_14 |
2020-01-01 | Abstract The production of metallurgical coke by the low-temperature pyrolysis of peat, biomass, and tar mixtures was investigated. Data on the effects of the preliminary treatment of raw mixtures, the tar content of the mixtures, and the process temperature on the characteristics of the products obtained are presented... | Production of Metallurgical Coke by the Pyrolysis of Peat, Biomass, and Tar Mixtures | 10.3103/S0361521920010085 |
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