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2024-01-01 | This chapter contains a detailed review of core quantum and statistical mechanics as well as solid crystal structure concepts, that underlie how semiconductor devices work. Semiconductor devices are examined in detail in subsequent chapters. | Fundamental Quantum and Statistical Mechanics of Crystalline Solids | 10.1007/978-3-031-45750-0_1 |
2024-01-01 | All factories produce by-products and waste that are needed to be recycled or reused in other industries to keep the environment sustainable for future generations. Also, one of the human efforts to reduce the built emission environment is the use of types of cement whose production produces less carbon dioxide such as... | Enhancement of Early Age Strength of Activated Steel By-Products | 10.1007/978-3-031-53389-1_31 |
2024-01-01 | The production of composites, using waste materials as matrix and reinforcement, is an innovative, environmentally relevant, and economically viable alternative, regarding the environmental problems generated by inappropriate disposal. This study aimed to produce and characterize the technological properties of composi... | Valorization of recycled plastic in the production of biocomposites reinforced with residues from the cotton agroindustry | 10.1007/s13762-023-05054-w |
2024-01-01 | In this paper, spherical single-crystal powder of Tb 0.35 Dy 0.65 Fe 1.9 alloy was prepared by combining solid/liquid unwetting effect and anomalous grain growth, and the Tb 0.35 Dy 0.65 Fe 1.9 /epoxy composite was prepared under an applied magnetic field at 1.0 T. SEM observed that the prepared Tb 0.35 Dy 0.65 Fe 1.9 ... | Preparation of Terfenol-D Spherical Single-Crystal Particles and Study of Magnetostrictive Properties of Its Composites at Low Fields | 10.1007/s10948-023-06653-x |
2024-01-01 | Now, we turn our attention to the physical circuitry and electrical quantities that are used to represent and operate on the binary codes 1 and 0. In this chapter, we begin by looking at how logic circuits are described and introduce the basic set of gates used for all digital logic operations. We then look at the unde... | Digital Circuitry and Interfacing | 10.1007/978-3-031-42547-9_3 |
2024-01-01 | The dynamic responses and generated voltage in a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate (GRL) layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact (LVI) are investigated. The current study aims to carry out a dynamic analysis on the sandwich beam when the impactor hi... | Dynamic and electrical responses of a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact | 10.1007/s10483-024-3074-6 |
2024-01-01 | This contribution investigates the fatigue behaviour of a newly designed drive wheel made of Ti6Al4V using cold metal fusion. In addition to its actual task, the new drive wheel also serves as a spring element to cushion force peaks caused by the application and thus protect surrounding components. The special design w... | Fatigue Behaviour of an Additively Manufactured Drive Wheel Made of Ti6AL4V | 10.1007/s00501-023-01425-5 |
2024-01-01 | In low temperature environment, some parts of hybrid electric vehicles are affected by temperature, and the performance is completely different from normal temperature. This paper analyses and studies the telegraphic sound of a hybrid electric vehicle when starting at low temperature. First of all, we explored the boun... | Research on the Telegraphic Sound of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle When Starting at Low Temperature | 10.1007/978-981-97-0252-7_92 |
2024-01-01 | Macroscale rolling/sliding conditions are in the superlubricity, a little-studied topic so far. The purpose of this paper is to examine the formation of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) films by water-based lubricants (glycerol and polyethylene glycol (PEG)), providing superlubricous friction. Experiments were carr... | Liquid superlubricity of lubricants containing hydroxyl groups and their aqueous solution under rolling/sliding conditions | 10.1007/s40544-023-0762-6 |
2024-01-01 | In the current observation explicit usage of non-bio degradable polythene is wastage from the household & pond liners. Polyethylene as Low Density Poly Ethylene & the cap of bottle is taken as the additional material in high density polyethylene in the construction of flexible pavement. A fixed % of zyco-therm will be ... | “Incorporation of Polythene for Improvement of Dense Graded Bituminous Macadam” | 10.1007/978-981-99-2676-3_67 |
2024-01-01 | At present, low-carbonization has become the main development trend in China’s construction engineering field. Against this backdrop, this article explores whether there are more reasonable layout forms in the design phase to reduce the energy consumption of high-level bio-safety laboratories, focusing on the architect... | The Impact of Architectural Layout on Low-Carbon Design in High-Level Bio-Safety Laboratories | 10.2991/978-94-6463-372-6_22 |
2024-01-01 | After successful implementation of NCCT+ Cell Cell Technology, SAMI and China SPIC Inner Mongolia Branch cooperated to select 5 pots in 350 kA potline of Huomeihongjun Aluminum smelter Aluminum smelter for low carbon emission Low carbon emission experiment. Based on the evaluation of original performance, busbar confi... | Low Carbon Emission Technology Upgrading Industrial Pilot of 350kA Pots | 10.1007/978-3-031-50308-5_93 |
2024-01-01 | A cost-effective argon atmosphere vacuum gauge based on direct current (DC) excited glow discharge plasma for harsh environmental conditions is presented in this paper. The gauge comprises two copper electrodes separated by a pre-defined gap (1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm) excited with a 1.8 kV DC supply using a Cockcrof... | Cockcroft–Walton voltage multiplier-based argon vacuum gauge for high-temperature applications | 10.1007/s43236-023-00695-z |
2024-01-01 | In this work, we present a low-noise tunable DC-DC converter designed for driving high-resistance thin film heaters (in the order of a few of k ). The converter features a two-stage design comprising a voltage-boosting initial stage and a subsequent voltage-regulating stage where carefully selected LC and RC filters ar... | Low-Noise Tunable DC-DC Converter for High-Resistance Thin Film Heaters | 10.1007/978-3-031-48711-8_27 |
2024-01-01 | Solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a state-of-the-art technology which becomes widely popular in many fields of technology such as energy industry and aerospace industry. Several solar-powered UAVs have been developed with the aim to enhance flight endurance using various types of solar cells to extract and... | Aerodynamic Analysis of Short Landing Solar-Powered UAV for Environmental Monitoring Applications | 10.1007/978-3-031-45321-2_3 |
2024-01-01 | This study presents a technical and economic assessment of the potential of a second-generation biorefinery process targeted at the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethylene and propylene. The process was developed through the integration of several catalytic processes involving hydrolysis, hydrogenation, decar... | Process development for the production of ethylene and propylene from lignocellulosic biomass via the chemical route using an o-cresol-based recovery strategy | 10.1007/s13399-022-02376-6 |
2024-01-01 | High Al low C ferritic low-density steels exhibit a remarkable reduction in density, around 8 to 15%, compared to conventional steels. However, in high Al, Fe-Al-Mn-C system, during room temperature cold rolling process, a challenging issue arises in the form of center and edge cracking, which negatively impacts the du... | Cracking Problem During Room Temperature Cold Rolling of Three High Al Low C Ferritic Low Density-Steels | 10.1007/978-981-99-6863-3_23 |
2024-01-01 | Pectinases are a complex group of enzymes that degrade pectic substances. We produced pectinases efficiently using wastes/agro-industrial products through submerged fermentation (SC) and solid-state fermentation (SSC), making the production cheaper. Passion fruit peel was the best inducer of pectinase production by Asp... | Production and Biochemical Characterization of Aspergillus japonicus Pectinase Using a Low-Cost Alternative Carbon Source for Application in the Clarification of Fruit Juices | 10.1007/s12649-023-02171-y |
2024-01-01 | The effect of laser cladding process technological parameters, as well as of the addition of nickel (5 – 15 wt.%) on the structure and mechanical properties of WC – 10Co – 4Cr laser cladding on mild steel, has been studied. The most effective laser cladding process parameters were determined when applying single-pass c... | Effect of Ni Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of WC – 10Co – 4Cr Laser Cladding Surfaces on Mild Steel | 10.1007/s11041-024-00982-x |
2024-01-01 | The work concentrates on how the largely disposed of by-products from the babassu palm tree industry and the liquid natural rubber latex extracted from the rubber trees can help produce local construction material on demand. Natural rubber and babassu natural occurrences overlap in Mapia and several other regions in Br... | Babassu Coconut Fibre-Reinforced Natural Rubber Biocomposite for Fabrication and Use in Remote Locations | 10.1007/978-3-031-36554-6_12 |
2024-01-01 | The effect of tempering temperature on mechanical properties of the quenched low alloy steel was studied. The as-received low alloy steel samples were heated to 950 °C, held for 30 min, and then oil-quenched. The as-quenched samples were finally tempered in the temperature range of 200–600 °C for 30 min. The chemical c... | Mechanical Properties of Quenched and Tempered Low Alloy Steel Grinding Media | 10.1007/978-981-99-7495-5_4 |
2024-01-01 | MOSFETs continue scaling following the Moore’s law in order to improve device performance at reduced power and cost. The scaling has driven the integrated circuit (IC) industry toward a number of major technological innovations especially in advanced IC manufacturing processes. This chapter introduces some key IC proce... | Advanced IC Manufacturing Processes | 10.1007/978-981-99-2836-1_84 |
2024-01-01 | Climate change and decarbonization challenges are forcing the HVAC &R industry to transition to low Global Warming Potential (GWP) and natural refrigerants. Despite the environmental benefits, low-GWP refrigerants often yield to trade-offs in system performance, flammability and volumetric capacity. Compressors need to... | Integrated Optimization of High-Speed Motor Drive and Compressor System: A Case Study | 10.1007/978-3-031-42663-6_25 |
2024-01-01 | Low-alloyed steels are used in various application fields like gearing and bearing technology. The hardenability of these steels is mainly determined by the carbon content, which increases the strength of the martensitic phase. Since low-alloyed steels typically possess a low carbon content below 0.2 wt.%, an additiona... | Influence of Carbon Content on the Material Properties of Low-Alloyed Steel Bainidur AM | 10.1007/978-3-031-37671-9_10 |
2024-01-01 | The coastal belt of Bangladesh is severely impacted by salinity intrusion. One way to address this problem is to use efficient and low-cost materials as adsorbents to remove saline ions from water. Activated carbon (AC) is the most efficient adsorbent in water treatment among those materials. This study demonstrates th... | Adsorption of Chloride Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon Obtained by Chemical Activation of Jute Stick | 10.1007/978-981-99-3826-1_3 |
2024-01-01 | The need for the use of green technologies in the construction industry has arisen due to the depletion of natural resources. Bamboo is a strong, lightweight, environmentally friendly material with good tensile properties. Bamboo has a strength-to-mass ratio that is 20 times greater than steel. As a highly resilient an... | Low Cost Housing Structure Using Bamboo as Reinforcement | 10.1007/978-3-031-34648-4_21 |
2024-01-01 | The near-equatorial ocean experiences particular dynamics because the Coriolis force is weak. One modelled effect of these dynamics is strong reduction of turbulent mixing in the ocean interior. Unknowns are effects on internal wave breaking and associated turbulent mixing above steeply sloping topography. In this pape... | Internal-Wave Convection and Shear Near the Top of a Deep Equatorial Seamount | 10.1007/s00024-023-03387-8 |
2024-01-01 | Currently, aerospace activities are becoming increasingly frequent, and investment in research and development of the aerospace is constantly increasing. Especially in the United States, the “Starlink” program occupies a large amount of airspace, leading to a saturation of the use of space orbit resources. In response ... | Technical Exploration of High-Resolution Optical Detection System for Ultra-Low Orbit | 10.1007/978-981-99-9021-4_10 |
2024-01-01 | The development of an efficient and cost-effective electrocatalyst for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) not only help in countering energy crisis through hydrogen production but also in the treatment of toxic urea waste. Although the theoretical voltage required for H 2 generation from urea electrolysis is lower than wate... | NiFe-LDHs as an Effective Electrocatalyst for Electrooxidation of Urea | 10.1007/978-981-99-4878-9_36 |
2024-01-01 | The industrial demand for pure uranium and uranium compounds is tremendously increasing due to its wide array of utilities most especially in nuclear industries. Consequently, the treatment of a local boltwoodite ore Boltwoodite ore containing albite (Na 2.00 Al 2.00 Si 6.00 O 16.00 : 96-900-1634), boltwoodite (Na 2.00... | Low-Energy Processing of a Local Boltwoodite Ore as Intermediate in Nuclear Fuel Cell | 10.1007/978-3-031-50244-6_6 |
2024-01-01 | In this study, we attempted to investigate individual effects of various plasma-related factors (radical flux, ion flux and ion energy) on high aspect ratio etching characteristics of SiO 2 with using the amorphous carbon layer (ACL) mask. Experiments were carried out in an inductively coupled plasma etching system in ... | Individual Effects of Various Plasma-Related Factors on the High Aspect Ratio Oxide Etching Process at Low-Frequency Bias Power Using an Inductively Coupled Plasma System | 10.1007/s11090-023-10363-6 |
2024-01-01 | Greenhouse gases that cause global warming have a variety of sources. One of these sources with severe effects is leaks in refrigerant systems that use high Global Warming Potential (GWP) refrigerants, such as R410A. To reduce the contribution of refrigerant systems to global warming, alternative, low-GWP refrigerants ... | Analysis of R454B as a Low-GWP Refrigerant Alternative for R410A in a Vapor-Injected Rotary Compressor | 10.1007/978-3-031-42663-6_59 |
2024-01-01 | The construction of regional airports in China is growing vigorously, which is in sharp contrast to the continuous operating losses. The low-carbon design of the terminal is of great significance to reduce the construction and operating cost of the project. Through the analysis of Building Carbon Emission Calculation S... | Low Carbon Design Strategy of Regional Airport Terminal Based on Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard | 10.1007/978-981-99-6368-3_52 |
2024-01-01 | Due to large concerns over global warming, many countries signed and ratified the Kigali Amendment. The amendment is an international agreement to gradually exclude HFCs that have zero ODP but thousands of GWP. R410A which has 2088 GWP is a representative HFC and common refrigerant in air-conditioning systems. To repla... | Study of Lubricant Compatibility with a Low-GWP Refrigerant as an Alternative to R410A in a Compressor Test Loop | 10.1007/978-3-031-42663-6_67 |
2024-01-01 | The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light source derived from the Kr-He discharge is widely used for organic analysis, however the relevant model that greatly facilitates the design of high-performance VUV light sources remains to be developed. This study explores a model for simulating the light intensity of the VUV lamps ba... | Simulation of Light Intensity of VUV Lamp Based on Inductively Coupled Plasma Discharge in Low-pressure Kr-He Mixture | 10.1007/s11090-023-10386-z |
2024-01-01 | Daylight, glare, and overheating are crucial factors in achieving optimal user comfort in buildings. However, the lack of balance in these aspects often leads to visual and thermal discomfort. To address this challenge, a new workflow is proposed to support designers in developing solutions that provide ample natural l... | Enhancing Sustainability: Concept Design Optimization Workflow for Human-Centered Low Carbon Solutions | 10.1007/978-3-031-47913-7_7 |
2024-01-01 | The research demonstrates a novel approach to using various parts of maize plants (leaves, fruits, and kernels) to create building materials that can be modularized for construction purposes. Corn is widely grown as an agricultural crop, but after the removal of the fruit, the remaining parts are often discarded and co... | Manufacturing Process of Recycling Corn Fiber, A Low-tech Materials for Modular Construction | 10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_34 |
2024-01-01 | This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the different conventional and non-conventional design methods utilized for XOR/XNOR cells, which serve as the fundamental circuit for many high computational arithmetic logic circuits in low-voltage low-power VLSI designs. The ultimate goal of any researcher is to optimize t... | Design-Space Exploration of Conventional/Non-conventional Techniques for XOR/XNOR Cell | 10.1007/978-981-99-4495-8_27 |
2024-01-01 | The availability of low-noise and low-voltage Gallium Nitride technologies enables new microwave receivers concepts for satellite payloads. In this note we present the potentials, benefits and drawbacks of a Low-Noise Amplifier at Ka-band operating at rather low drain voltages in a 100-nm gate length technology. Possib... | Key-Components for Ultra-low DC Power Gallium Nitride Low-Noise Receivers | 10.1007/978-3-031-48711-8_15 |
2024-01-01 | Ultra low temperature valves are widely used in liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipelines. However, valve leakage may cause major disasters due to the particularity of LNG. To facilitate the efficient monitoring of ultra-low temperature valves’ health, we introduce a dynamic threshold valve health monitoring algorithm base... | Health Monitoring of Ultra-low Temperature Valves Based on Complex Shearlet Domain Dynamic Threshold | 10.1007/978-981-97-0855-0_14 |
2024-01-01 | Aluminium smelting Aluminium smelting is a very energy Energy -intensive process; therefore, reducing power consumption has been a continuous focus of the aluminium smelting Aluminium smelting industry for many decades. A unique concept of electrical collector plate (ECP) has been developed and tested in industrial red... | Design and Trial of Electrical Collector Plate in Cathode Assemblies | 10.1007/978-3-031-50308-5_98 |
2024-01-01 | Purpose To evaluate the use of resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) technology for homogenous blending of a morphologically challenging model API in low-dose concentrations (<0.1% w/w), and assess the potential for blend uniformity (BU) optimization. Methods Caffeine (CAF) mixing was carried out using a LabRAM I benchtop mix... | Use of Resonant Acoustic Mixing Technology for Ultra-Low-Dose Blending in a Single-Step Mixing Process | 10.1007/s11095-023-03629-3 |
2024-01-01 | Trehalose-6-phosphate synthases (TPS) are the family of enzymes in plant involved in the synthesis of trehalose and play critical roles in regulating development and abiotic stress response but the available information about the TPS family in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) is very limited. Here, we provide a compr... | Identification, Evolutionary Relationship Analysis of the Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase (TPS) Gene Family in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Their Expression in Response to Cold Stress | 10.1007/s00344-023-11087-9 |
2024-01-01 | In this paper, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) having ultra-low voltage is presented, intended for active antenna SATCOM applications. The amplifier is composed of three common-source stages with inductive source degeneration and is realized in a 0.1 $$\upmu $$ μ m GaAs process provided by United Monolithic Semiconductors... | A Ka-Band Ultra-Low Power GaAs MMIC LNA | 10.1007/978-3-031-48711-8_14 |
2024-01-01 | Translation elongation factors ( EF ) play essential roles in intracellular protein synthesis and are often used as housekeeping genes in expression studies due to their relatively steady levels, and some EF genes have also been found to participate in the stress response. At present, little information regarding stres... | TaEF1A is involved in low phosphorus stress responses and affects root development | 10.1007/s10725-023-00994-2 |
2024-01-01 | In Vietnam, the amount of generated construction waste is rapidly increasing along with economic and social development. According to a report from the World Bank, the amount of treated construction waste was 1.8 million tons in 2018, but the amount of untreated construction waste was considerably larger. If the constr... | Performance Evaluation and Mix Proportion Design of Concrete Using Low-quality Recycled Aggregate in Vietnam | 10.1007/978-981-99-2345-8_4 |
2024-01-01 | Neurodegenerative disorders are a debilitating and persistent threat to the global elderly population, carrying grim outcomes. Their genesis is often multifactorial, with a history of prior exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides, heavy metals, enviornmental pollutants, ionizing radiation etc,. A holistic molecular ... | Low-dose exposure to malathion and radiation results in the dysregulation of multiple neuronal processes, inducing neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration in mouse | 10.1007/s11356-023-31085-4 |
2024-01-01 | Limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3 ) is a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement. It helps to achieve a clinker factor as low as 0.5. Cement-grade limestone with a CaCO 3 content above 75% is usually used to manufacture LC 3 cement. Sometimes limestone contains impurities like silica, clay, dolomite, etc... | Hydration and Strength Development in Limestone Calcined Clay Cements with Low-Grade Limestone | 10.1007/978-3-031-53389-1_27 |
2024-01-01 | Microbial biosurfactants surpass synthetic alternatives due to their biodegradability, minimal toxicity, selective properties, and efficacy across a wide range of environmental conditions. Owing to their remarkable advantages, biosurfactants employability as effective emulsifiers and stabilizers, antimicrobial and anti... | An insight into the utilization of microbial biosurfactants pertaining to their industrial applications in the food sector | 10.1007/s10068-023-01435-6 |
2024-01-01 | Here we describe methods for investigating alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) interactions with infectious and non-infectious HIV-1 virions. Using silencing RNA to transiently block expression of VLDLR and the receptor-associated protein (RAP) to continuously block VLDLR activit... | Silencing Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Reveals Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Role in HIV Infectivity | 10.1007/978-1-0716-3605-3_16 |
2024-01-01 | In the recent era of globalization and climatic uncertainties, farmers are continuously adopting new strategies and crops to ensure substantial production and income. However, these adaptations always need to be based on systematic decisions; otherwise, the entire environment may degrade. The present study is one of su... | Site suitability of emerging maize cultivation in a changing agroclimatic setting of eastern India: a fuzzy-MCE integrated analysis | 10.1007/s10668-022-02756-y |
2024-01-01 | Museums curate collections of artworks, artefacts, and specimens, often shielded by barriers that prohibit physical interaction. Consequently, these exhibits are effectively inaccessible to people with visual impairments, preventing meaningful engagement with these cultural treasures. This study explores the idea of to... | The Museum of Touch: Tangible Models for Blind and Low Vision Audiences in Museums | 10.1007/978-3-031-49511-3_8 |
2024-01-01 | hase-II upgrades of CMS and ATLAS at the High-Luminosity (HL) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) require new trackers to deal with extraordinary particle rates and radiation levels [1, 2]. | Development of the Analog Front-End Circuit for the CMS Pixel Readout Chip at the HL-LHC | 10.1007/978-3-031-35241-6_7 |
2024-01-01 | Nondestructive testing for ferromagnetic material equipment based on low-frequency electromagnetic technique (LFET) and signal difference is proposed. Magnetic field distributions of the defect area in or on the 20# steel surfaces are analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) based on COMSOL Multiphysics. After th... | Signal difference-based nondestructive low-frequency electromagnetic testing for ferromagnetic material pipe equipment | 10.1007/s13349-023-00694-5 |
2024-01-01 | This paper describes the corresponding control strategies for the normal and fault operation states of the islanded microgrid system. The islanded microgrid system consists of distributed energy resources (DER) such as photovoltaic (PV), hybrid energy storage (HES) and microturbine (MT) and loads such as pumping unit l... | Control Strategies for the PV-Integrated Islanded Microgrid Under Normal and Fault Conditions | 10.1007/978-981-99-9251-5_33 |
2024-01-01 | The low-cycle fatigue resistance of a material can influence the seismic vulnerability of a structure. Aluminium alloys are generally more susceptible to failure under low-cycle fatigue compared to steel. However, aluminium is an effective solution for domes exposed to aggressive environments such as chemical storage f... | Effect of Low-Cycle Fatigue on the Seismic Vulnerability of Aluminium and Steel Domes | 10.1007/978-3-031-34027-7_5 |
2024-01-01 | We present results of implicit large eddy simulation (LES) and different Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models of the MTU 161 low pressure turbine at an exit Reynolds number of $$90\,000$$ 90 000 and exit Mach number of 0.6. The LES results are based on a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method and the RANS is... | Large Eddy Simulation of a Low-Pressure Turbine Cascade with Turbulent End Wall Boundary Layers | 10.1007/s10494-023-00502-6 |
2024-01-01 | With the prevalence of glucosamine- and chondroitin-containing dietary supplements for people with osteoarthritis in the marketplace, it is important to have an accurate and reproducible analytical method for the quantitation of these compounds in finished products. NMR spectroscopic method based both on low- (80 MHz) ... | Multicomponent analysis of dietary supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin: comparative low- and high-field NMR spectroscopic study | 10.1007/s44211-023-00433-2 |
2024-01-01 | The productivity of agriculture in dry farming regions is low due to the cumulative effect of many constraints for crop production. The major constraints in crop production include: climatic constraints like rainfall, high atmospheric temperature, low relative humidity, hot dry winds, high atmospheric water demand; soi... | Constraints Limiting Crop Production in Dry Land Areas | 10.1007/978-981-99-8425-1_3 |
2024-01-01 | The Shoestring approach represents a methodology for systematically specifying, design and deploying industrial digital solutions based on very low-cost components and limited development time. A key characteristic of the Shoestring approach is the direct involvement of personnel from the end user company in the specif... | Evaluation of Industrial Pilots of Low-Cost Digital (Shoestring) Solutions | 10.1007/978-3-031-53445-4_25 |
2024-01-01 | Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of patients with cervical disc herniation (CDH) treated by low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation (LTP-RFA) as day surgery with traditional inpatients. Methods According to the selection criteria, single-segment mild to moderate... | Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of day surgery for cervical disc herniation treated with low temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation | 10.1007/s00264-023-05955-y |
2024-01-01 | The aim of this article is to approve a procedure for the integrity evaluation of a concrete structure based on the low frequency ultrasonic tomography that is the new method in concrete evaluation technology. The procedure was built and performed in the NDE integrity of the CLINCER 40,000 ton concrete located in north... | NDE of the Integrity of a Clincer 40,000 ton Concrete Structure | 10.1007/978-3-031-48933-4_13 |
2024-01-01 | In the modern world, green digital financing is believed to be an efficient, resilient, and viable source of funding for crisis conditions and to solve the preceding issues in a timely manner. It is a modern tool of financing mainly introduced by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Following the paths, ... | How does green digital finance drive the low-carbon energy transition in China? | 10.1007/s11356-023-31127-x |
2024-01-01 | Chlorogenic acid isomers have been increasingly studied because of their beneficial biological effects in humans. However, their commercial analytical standards are high cost, a fact that limits research. Yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) is a low-cost, natural plant matrix with marked contents of chlorogenic acids, b... | Yerba Mate as an Inexpensive Source of Analytical Standards of Chlorogenic Acid Isomers: an Optimization Study | 10.1007/s12161-023-02549-7 |
2024-01-01 | The formation of a plasma jet by a glow discharge in an air flow in the electrode system of a so-called gliding arc is considered at an average discharge current of 100 mA and an air flow rate of 0.1 g/s. The displacement of a negative glow region over the cathode surface is analyzed using a sectioned plane cathode. A ... | A Study of the Plasma Jet Formed by the Glow Discharge in an Air Flow in the Electrode System of a Gliding Arc | 10.1007/s11182-024-03091-7 |
2024-01-01 | Brain–machine interface (BMI)-based neural signal recording is a new approach that is frequently used to track brain activity. Neural signals are recorded using microelectrode implanted in the brain. The collected signal from the electrode has a low amplitude and a high noise level. It requires a high-performance neura... | A Review on Neural Amplifier Design for Brain–Machine Interface | 10.1007/978-981-99-4495-8_28 |
2024-01-01 | Renewable energy is a solution to displace non-renewable energy resources with the wind turbine being one of the prominent the renewable energy sources. Research on wind turbines still ongoing to be advanced. The Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) are more widely utilized for electricity production, Vertical Axis Wi... | Performance Analysis of H-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine by Using Novelty Numerical Simulink Method | 10.1007/978-981-99-6749-0_14 |
2024-01-01 | Tracheal intubation is a widely needed procedure in medicine and veterinary. Ranging from surgeries to intensive care unit, intubation must be performed in order to provide mechanical ventilation to patients. Hence, a laryngoscope is normally used to grant the visibility of the superior airways and to guide the endotra... | Development of a Low-Cost Video Laryngoscope | 10.1007/978-3-031-49401-7_57 |
2024-01-01 | Driven by the demand of consumers for low-fat foods, the field of fat replacers has made a tremendous breakthrough over the past decade. A fat replacer is a substance that replaces whole or part of the fat in food while asserting the same physiological properties. Based on the source, fat replacers can be carbohydrate,... | An overview on the types, applications and health implications of fat replacers | 10.1007/s13197-022-05642-7 |
2024-01-01 | Cities with large populations and limited space, such as Shenzhen, China, require innovative approaches to distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation on building surfaces to meet renewable energy production goals. Despite the city's subtropical climate and abundant solar energy resources, along with numerous buildi... | Optimization and Design of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Systems for a High-Rise Building in Shenzhen | 10.1007/978-981-97-0621-1_31 |
2024-01-01 | The most hazardous pollutants are found in textile wastewater. Finding filter media that can serve as an adsorbent for treating textile wastewater while being efficient, low-cost, and locally available is critical. This study's objectives are to find identified adsorbents, assess their effectiveness, and compare their ... | Low-Cost Filter Media for Removal of Hazardous Pollutants from Industry Wastewater Effluents | 10.1007/978-3-031-46491-1_15 |
2024-01-01 | The role of circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters in the metastatic dissemination process is gaining increased attention. Besides homotypic clusters, heterotypic clusters that contain tumor cells admixed with normal cells are frequently observed in patients with solid tumors. Current methods used for cluster detection ... | Isolation and Genomic Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters in Cancer Patients | 10.1007/978-1-0716-3621-3_7 |
2024-01-01 | Under the goals of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, the trend of decentralization and integration of energy systems is increasingly obvious. Distributed energy has developed rapidly with its characteristics of low carbon, flexibility, safety, intelligence, diversity and proximity to demand side... | Development Status and Prospect of Gas Distributed Energy Industry | 10.1007/978-981-99-7289-0_13 |
2024-01-01 | Background Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum (LPP) is an attempt at improving laparoscopic surgery. However, it has the issue of poor working space for which deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) may be a solution. There is a lack of literature comparing LPP with deep NMB to standard pressure pneumoperitoneum (SPP) with modera... | Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with deep neuromuscular blockade versus standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease: a non-inferiority randomized control trial | 10.1007/s00464-023-10558-0 |
2024-01-01 | Introduction A high proportion of patients with low-risk community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (classes I-III of the Pneumonia Severity Index) are hospitalized. The purpose of this study was to determine whether validated severity scales are used in clinical practice to make admission decisions, identify the variables tha... | Usefulness of a predictive model to hospitalize patients with low-risk community-acquired pneumonia | 10.1007/s10096-023-04683-w |
2024-01-01 | Smart Dynamic Concrete has a low cementitious material and can have self-compacting properties. Low-Fines Self-Compacting Concrete (LFSCC) was developed in this experimental investigation using cementitious content less than 380 kg/m 3 . To achieve economy and to create ecological concrete, by replacement of fly ash wi... | Experimental Study on Low-Fines Self-compacting Concrete Using Fly Ash Replacement | 10.1007/978-981-99-2676-3_5 |
2024-01-01 | It has been found that intestinal fungi play a role in the composition of the intestinal microecology and in the formation and development of the immunity during childhood. We investigated the gut fungi composition of preterm infants to analysis composition and dynamics of intestinal fungi during the postnatal 2 months... | Composition and dynamics of intestinal fungi during the postnatal 2 months of very low birth weight infants | 10.1007/s00431-023-05257-w |
2024-01-01 | The availability of historical process data in predictive maintenance is often insufficient to train complex machine learning models. To address this issue, techniques for data augmentation and synthesis have been developed, including the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). In this paper, the authors apply t... | TimeGAN for Data-Driven AI in High-Dimensional Industrial Data | 10.1007/978-981-99-9521-9_36 |
2024-01-01 | Nanoparticles (NPs) have a high surface/volume ratio and small size (100 ≤ nm, these characteristics allow its use in the management of plant diseases in small quantities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) NPs in the control of coffee rust ( Hemileia vastat... | Copper and silver nanoparticles control coffee rust: decrease the quantity of sprayed active ingredients and is an alternative for sustainable coffee production | 10.1007/s10658-023-02726-8 |
2024-01-01 | The stainless steel industry is increasing at a great pace every day. In addition, there is a need to increase the production capacities of FeCr and FeNi, which are the main input raw materials of stainless steel. However, FeCr and FeNi production processes with intensive energy consumption and high carbon dioxide emis... | Production of FeCr and FeCrNi Alloys with an Energy Saving Route | 10.1007/978-3-031-50244-6_8 |
2024-01-01 | In recent years, Intelligent Transportation Systems have been universally praised for providing a reliable, comfortable, and safe traffic environment to make automobiles and road traffic infrastructure more intelligent. The research presents a low-power, efficient 76-77 GHz millimeter-wave automotive FMCW RADAR and its... | Highly Efficient and Smallest 76-77 GHz CMOS Transceiver on silicon for Collision Detection in Intelligent Transportation System | 10.1007/s12633-023-02632-y |
2024-01-01 | In the ternary cementitious systems, limestone along with calcined clay shows good mechanical and durability performance at a lower clinker factor as compared to the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete system. The amount of cement-grade limestone in mine reserves is decreasing as the demand for cement rises. This m... | Potential Strength and Durability of Blended Low-Grade Limestone Calcined Clay Cement Concrete | 10.1007/978-3-031-53389-1_62 |
2024-01-01 | China is in the process of expanding its stock of low-rise LSF buildings in suburban and rural areas. This construction system is underused compared with most developed countries, but the number of low-rise steel-framed residential buildings is projected to increase due to the current national policies promoting rural ... | Energy Performance Optimisation of Low-Rise Lightweight Steel-Frame Houses by Evolutionary Approach | 10.1007/978-981-99-9947-7_51 |
2024-01-01 | An intelligent polarimetric system has been developed for high-throughput quality assessment of commercial semiconductor wafers by measuring a small amount of residual strains while scanning the wafer at high speed. Residual strain is an important quality measure in semiconductor wafers and computer-controlled polarime... | An Intelligent Polarimetric System for High-Throughput and High-Sensitivity Quality Assessment of Commercial Semiconductor Wafers | 10.1007/978-981-99-7666-9_5 |
2024-01-01 | City information modelling (CIM) offers a digital depiction of the urban environment, empowering stakeholders to critically review and optimise the performance of energy. In the pursuit towards Zero Energy Cities (ZECs), CIM becomes an essential instrument of this process. However, despite the promise it delivers, the ... | The Use of City Information Modelling (CIM) for Realizing Zero Energy Community: A Path Towards Carbon Neutrality | 10.1007/978-981-99-9014-6_11 |
2024-01-01 | Purpose Lack of access to safe and affordable anesthesia and monitoring equipment may contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While capnography is standard in high-income countries, use in LMICs is not well studied. We evaluated the association of capnography u... | Capnography access and use in Kenya and Ethiopia | 10.1007/s12630-023-02607-y |
2024-01-01 | The mode of diabetes-induced muscle and motor neuron damage depends on the type of muscle and motor neuron. One of the purposes of exercise therapy for diabetes is to improve blood glucose levels; however, information on the effects of low-intensity exercise on muscle and motor neuron disorders remain unknown. Therefor... | Effects of low-intensity exercise on contractile property of skeletal muscle and the number of motor neurons in diabetic rats | 10.1007/s12565-023-00741-7 |
2024-01-01 | Purpose Here we aimed to develop a minimally invasive treatment for ischemic heart disease and demonstrate that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy improves myocardial ischemia by promoting myocardial angiogenesis in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia. Studies to date determined the optimal trea... | Optimizing irradiation conditions for low-intensity pulsed ultrasound to upregulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase | 10.1007/s10396-023-01382-z |
2024-01-01 | The Martian atmosphere is characterized by low density and low temperatures, resulting in Mars vehicles typically operating at low Reynolds numbers compressible flow. To obtain the difference in the prediction of such flows by different computational numerical models. Based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) (in... | Numerical Analysis of Low Reynolds Number Compressible Flows with Triangle Airfoil | 10.1007/978-981-99-8045-1_9 |
2024-01-01 | The world’s first total-body PET/CT system has been in routine clinical and research use at UC Davis since 2019. The uEXPLORER total-body PET scanner has been designed with an axial field-of-view long enough to completely encompass most human subjects (194 cm or 76 inches long), allowing for a 15–68-fold gain in the PE... | Practical Considerations for Total-Body PET Acquisition and Imaging | 10.1007/978-1-0716-3499-8_21 |
2024-01-01 | As part of its commitment to clean transport, the world leading countries have pledged to become climate-neutral by 2050. Already in the interim, the goal is to gradually reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55 percent by 2030. In this context, maritime transport, where fossil fuels have been used for quite some time, is... | Implementation Research of Alternative Fuels and Technologies in Maritime Transport | 10.1007/978-3-031-44351-0_2 |
2024-01-01 | Since the release of the DESTINY-Breast04 (DB-04) trial findings in June 2022, the field of pathology has seen a renaissance of HER2 as a predictive biomarker in breast cancer. The trial focused on patients with metastatic breast cancer who were classified as “HER2-low,” i.e., those with immunohistochemistry (IHC) HER2... | Standardized pathology report for HER2 testing in compliance with 2023 ASCO/CAP updates and 2023 ESMO consensus statements on HER2-low breast cancer | 10.1007/s00428-023-03656-w |
2024-01-01 | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) carries a high risk of vascular thrombosis. However, whether a specific anticoagulation intensity strategy may prevent clinical worsening in severe COVID-19 patients is still debated. We conducted a joint analysis of two randomized controlled trials, COVID-19 HD (NCT044082359) and EM... | Low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention of clinical worsening in severe non-critically ill COVID-19 patients: a joint analysis of two randomized controlled trials | 10.1007/s11739-023-03439-w |
2024-01-01 | Here, this paper is providing a descriptive comparison of three different SRAM cells in terms of mode of accessing, stability, power consumption, and accessing delay. Three different 11T cells are compared in this paper; two are dual-ended, while one is a single-ended memory cell. After all the analyses, it is found th... | A Descriptive Analysis of Different Dual-Port and Single-Port 11T SRAM Cells for Low-Voltage Operations | 10.1007/978-981-99-7077-3_43 |
2024-01-01 | In this paper, a schmitt trigger-based single-sided 7T stable SRAM is proposed for ultra-low energy and near-threshold operation, which supports a bit interleaving scheme. The proposed ST-7T SRAM design improves the WSNM (Write Static Noise Margin) and RSNM (Read Static Noise Margin) and consumes less energy. Moreover,... | Schmitter trigger-based single-ended stable 7T SRAM cell | 10.1007/s10470-023-02185-5 |
2024-01-01 | In order to give rise to stimulated emission, it is necessary for the electron beam to respond in a collective manner to the radiation field and to form coherent bunches. This can occur when a light wave traverses an undulatory magnetic field such as a wiggler because the spatial variations of the wiggler and the elect... | Coherent Emission: Linear Theory | 10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_4 |
2024-01-01 | A bird-inspired nonlinear oscillator (BINO) is proposed for low-frequency vibration control and energy harvesting of bridges. By integrating the spring into the oscillator, the space utilization rate and reliability are further improved. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that BINO with triboelectric na... | Bird-Inspired Nonlinear Oscillator with Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Vibration Control and Energy Harvesting | 10.1007/978-981-97-0554-2_58 |
2024-01-01 | Characterization data are essential to improve state estimation algorithms for lithium-ion batteries. Unfortunately, only bigger companies can afford extensive test campaigns, as they require expensive and specific equipment. A Low-Cost, Open-Design, and highly configurable electronic load for battery testing is propos... | Low-Cost Configurable Electronic Load for Lithium Ion Batteries Testing | 10.1007/978-3-031-48121-5_29 |
2024-01-01 | For 5 billion people Laparoscopy training on this planet Global surgery , timely access to safe surgical services is in danger, and shortages of healthcare staff resulting in significant peri-operative morbidity and mortality cases. As such, expanding and strengthening the surgical health workforce are two of the most ... | Laparoscopy training from global surgery perspective | 10.1007/978-90-368-2905-2_5 |
2024-01-01 | This paper presents, an ultra low power operational amplifier designed using 180 nm CMOS technology for analog front ends of biomedical devices. The low power is achieved by operating the transistors in the subthreshold region. The designed opamp operates at 0.8 V single power supply voltage with a maximum power consum... | Design of Ultra Low Power Operational Amplifier for Biomedical Circuits | 10.1007/978-981-99-5435-3_24 |
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