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How to diagnose VPN connection failure on Fedora 12
Using a set of instruction given to me, I was able to set up a Macintosh system running Mac OS X to successfully connect to a virtual private network.
I then tried to adapt those same instruction to configure a system running Fedora Linux 12 on an Intel Core2 Duo system.
However when I try to connect using the NetworkManager Applet, I get an error that saying the VPN connection failed, with no clear indication of what the actual problem is.
What can I do to troubleshoot this problem and find out why the connection is failing? | <urn:uuid:ea633288-69ba-4073-a83e-f00689fd5afe> | 2013-05-27T02:56:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Ancient Ichthyosaur Mother Did Not Explode, Scientists Say
An ichthyosaur female with embryos scattered outside her body.
It is unlikely that the body of a mother ichthyosaur exploded, say researchers who offer another explanation for the scattered remains of embryos found around her in rock that was once deep underwater.
Rather, the scattering of the embryos was probably caused by minor sea currents after the expectant mother died and her body decayed some 182 million years ago, the researchers propose.
If this scenario sounds confusing, it is important to know that ichthyosaurs, extinct marine reptiles that lived at the same time as the dinosaurs, did not lay eggs but rather carried their young in their bodies until they gave birth. Ichthyosaurs resembled fish but, unlike most fish, breathed air through lungs.
The nearly intact skeleton of the female ichthyosaur in question was found in Holzmaden, Germany. But the remains of most of the approximately 10 embryos were scattered far outside her body it. Other fossilized ichthyosaur remains have been found in similarly strange arrangements, with skeletons usually complete but jumbled to some degree.
A Swiss and German research team set out to examine the idea that after death, such large-lunged marine creatures floated on the surface, with putrefaction gases building up inside them, until the gases escaped, often by bursting. Such explosions would jumble the bones.
The researchers examined the decay and preservation of ichthyosaur skeletons and compared this information with that of modern animals, particularly marine mammals. To get an idea of the amount of pressure that builds up after death during different stages of bloating, they looked at measurements from the abdomens of 100 human corpses.
"Our data and a review of the literature demonstrate that carcasses sink and do not explode (and spread skeletal elements)," the researchers wrote online Feb. 1 in the journal Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments.
Generally, carcasses of ichthyosaurs would have sunk to the seafloor and broken down completely. Only under specific circumstances — including in warmer water less than 164 feet (50 meters) deep — would gas inside the body have brought the remains to the surface, said the researchers, led by Achim Reisdorf of the University of Basel in Switzerland. When this happened, the carcass would decompose slowly, scattering bones over a wide area.
Ichthyosaurs' remains stayed neatly in place only under specific conditions, according to the research team: The water pressure had to be great enough to prevent them from floating, scavengers did not pick them over, and strong currents did not disturb them.
The female ichthyosaur died in water about 492 feet (150 m) deep. Decomposition of the body released the embryo skeletons, and minor currents along the seafloor distributed them around her body, the researchers speculate.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com | <urn:uuid:8aa2421f-4491-4216-aa1b-341bb6b55b5b> | 2013-05-26T09:41:46Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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New Smell Discovered
A newly discovered smell is the olfactory equivalent of white noise, scientists report in the journal Proceedings of the National Academies of Science
CREDIT: MrGarry, Shutterstock
Scientists have discovered a new smell, but you may have to go to a laboratory to experience it yourself.
The smell is dubbed "olfactory white," because it is the nasal equivalent of white noise, researchers report today (Nov. 19) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Just as white noise is a mixture of many different sound frequencies and white light is a mixture of many different wavelengths, olfactory white is a mixture of many different smelly compounds.
In fact, the key to olfactory white is not the compounds themselves, researchers found, but the fact that there are a lot of them.
"[T]he more components there were in each of two mixtures, the more similar the smell of those two mixtures became, even though the mixtures had no components in common," they wrote.
Almost any given smell in the real world comes from a mixture of compounds. Humans are good at telling these mixtures apart (it's hard to mix up the smell of coffee with the smell of roses, for example), but we're bad at picking individual components out of those mixtures. (Quick, sniff your coffee mug and report back all the individual compounds that make that roasted smell. Not so easy, huh?)
Mixing multiple wavelegths that span the human visual range equally makes white light; mixing multiple frequencies that span the range of human hearing equally makes the whooshing hum of white noise. Neurobiologist Noam Sobel from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel and his colleagues wanted to find out whether a similar phenomenon happens with smelling. [7 New Flavors Your Tongue May Taste]
In a series of experiments, they exposed participants to hundreds of equally mixed smells, some containing as few as one compound and others containing up to 43 components. They first had 56 participants compare mixtures of the same number of compounds with one another. For example, a person might compare a 40-compound mixture with a 40-compound mixture, neither of which had any components in common.
This experiment revealed that the more components in a mixture, the worse participants were at telling them apart. A four-component mixture smells less similar to other four-component mixtures than a 43-component mixture smells to other 43-component mixtures.
The researchers seemed on track to finding the olfactory version of white noise. They set up a new experiment to confirm the find. In this experiment, they first created four 40-component mixtures. Twelve participants were then given one of the mixtures to sniff and told that it was called "Laurax," a made-up word. Three of the participants were told compound 1 was Laurax, three were told it was compound 2, three were told it was compound 3, and the rest were told it was compound 4.
After three days of sniffing their version of Laurax in the lab, the participants were given four new scents and four scent labels, one of which was Laurax. They were asked to label each scent with the most appropriate label.
The researchers found that the label "Laurax" was most popular for scents with more compounds. In fact, the more compounds in a mixture, the more likely participants were to call it Laurax. The label went to mixtures with more than 40 compounds 57.1 percent of the time.
Another experiment replicated the first, except that it allowed for participants to label one of the scents "other," a way to ensure "Laurax" wasn't just a catch-all. Again, scents with more compounds were more likely to get the Laurax label.
The meaning of these results, the researchers wrote, is that olfactory white is a distinct smell, caused not by specific compounds but by certain mixes of compounds. The key is that the compounds are all of equal intensity and that they span the full range of human smells. That's why roses and coffee, both of which have many smell compounds, don't smell anything alike: Their compounds are unequally mixed and don't span a large range of smells.
In other words, our brains treat smells as a single unit, not as a mixture of compounds to break down, analyze and put back together again. If they didn't, they'd never see mixtures of completely different compounds as smelling the same.
Perhaps the next burning question is: What does olfactory white smell like? Unfortunately, the scent is so bland as to defy description. Participants rated it right in the middle of the scale for both pleasantness and edibility.
"The best way to appreciate the qualities of olfactory white is to smell it," the researchers wrote.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com | <urn:uuid:f2d606a9-b80e-4cf6-8522-6d25d60c1d08> | 2013-05-26T09:35:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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"I've barely eaten anything for many decades now. It feels like my stomach shriveled into my back........though i don't have a stomach or back because i'm a skeleton! Yohohohoho! SKULL JOKE!"
"My eyes have never seen such a pretty woman! But i'm a skeleton so my eyes don't see much." | <urn:uuid:de80c477-4eca-4e3d-8b08-d9846b198270> | 2013-05-27T02:56:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Here's an interesting article about the US Army developing Xena inspired Body Armour for Female Soldiers:
The US military is developing "Xena: Warrior Princess"-style body armor for women that it hopes will give them greater protection on the battlefield, with more curves in the chest and hips.
It is a considerable engineering challenge to make body armor that better fits the bodies of female troops, US military officials acknowledge, and such armor may be years in the making.
Yet there are engineering challenges. The more curves the plates have, the heavier they get. It also creates potential weaknesses in the armor, like creasing a paper, Lozano explains.
"There are some complex curvatures that come into play with female hard-armor plates," he says. "I could make female hard armor, but it would be twice as heavy." As a result, some of the Army's developmental efforts involve "unique chemical designs" to create plates that are lighter and conform to different body shapes.
Currently, female soldiers have a choice of 11 male body-armor sizes.
For more about Lucy as Xena Warrior Princess visit the AUSXIP Xena Information Page | <urn:uuid:22014335-7fd1-4a24-9cb7-de2a7bbccdec> | 2013-05-26T09:34:40Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Short answer is no, you can't save a single brush from a set of brushes. You have to delete the ones you don't want and save the resulting set. Brush management has always been poor in Photoshop, and a disappointment that no improvements have been made over the years of new versions.
Using a third party brush manager is a good idea if you have a large library. I recommend Tumasoft at http://www.tumasoft.com/
With this program, you can browse thru a large library of brushes, select the ones you want as an "Export Set" and save the result as a new set. But the prime benefit of a brush manager program like Tumasoft is in finding the brush you want when you have a huge library. It let's you control the size of the "thumbnail" display so you can actually see the brushes, and browses thru folders and sets in a breeze. | <urn:uuid:b15cd338-4515-4cfa-b044-cc9da157c640> | 2013-05-27T02:55:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Join Grant Skinner at work and at play, designing cutting-edge interactive experiences, games, applications, and frameworks with technologies like HTML5 and Flash.
Challenge yourself with this series of real-world data visualization scenarios in Processing, an open-source drawing and development environment.
Shows how to integrate the principles of object-oriented programming into the build of a PHP-driven web page or application.
Introduces the R statistical processing language, including how to install R, read data from SPSS and spreadsheets, analyze data, and create charts and plots.
Learn to build and deploy a dynamic website using ASP.NET.
Create datacentric apps for Android devices, using SQLite, Java, and the built-in android.database packages from the Android SDK.
Demonstrates how to leverage PHP's built-in tools, as well as the Xdebug and Firebug extensions and FirePHP library to improve the quality of your code and reduce troubleshooting overhead.
Describes how to read and manage data from relational databases such as MySQL and SQL Server using the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API in applications programmed with Java.
Take your ColdFusion skills to the next level by understanding the application framework, error handling, and ColdFusion components.
Extend your Drupal 7 sites with custom modules, which allow you to create everything from admin interfaces to forms.
Expand your programming skills and get more out of Java, with platform- and framework-neutral tutorials that are useful for building web, mobile, and desktop applications.
Discover how to create compelling data visualizations using Processing, an open-source drawing and development environment.
Shows how to convert text or graphics into a mouse-sensitive tooltip with HTML and jQuery.
Shows how to convert text or graphics into a mouse-sensitive tooltip with jQuery and Dreamweaver.
Covers every major feature of this popular language for application development for the Mac and iOS devices, with instructions for building basic applications using Objective-C and Xcode 4.
A complete tutorial and reference for C and C++, from variables to functions and loops, including the C Standard Library and the C++ Standard Template Library.
Shows Flash designers how to incorporate ActionScript code into projects and create interactive presentations and applications.
An introduction to developing Java applications for various runtime environments.
Explains what PHP is and how it integrates with HTML; how to set up and configure a PHP development environment on both Windows and Mac OS X; and the features of the PHP language.
Teaches you the fundamentals of programming in ActionScript 3 using both Flash Professional and Flash Builder.
Explores Java SE, the language used to build mobile apps for Android devices, enterprise server applications, and more.
Shows how to find and manipulate text using regular expressions.
Introduces object-oriented programming and provides a foundation in the Access object model and the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language.
Offers a detailed tour of the foundational programming language for several Microsoft platforms, including Windows, ASP.NET, Silverlight, SharePoint, and Windows Phone.
Gives designers a deeper understanding of HTML5 and shows how to create richer, more meaningful web pages with structural tags and descriptive attributes.
Shows how to create full-featured, object-oriented web applications with the latest version of the Ruby on Rails framework.
Demonstrates how to use Python 3 to create well-designed scripts and maintain existing projects.
Introduces object-oriented programming and shows how to automate routine tasks and provide custom functionality to enhance the features in Excel.
Explains the fundamentals of simple and complex programming in Perl 5.
Gives a working knowledge of CSS to web developers and coders who already have a firm grasp of XHTML/HTML and want to take their web sites to the next level.
Explains how CGI scripts can be used for simple HTML forms and with any programming language to implement web applications.
Teaches the fundamentals of Ruby, the popular object-oriented open-source programming language.
Covers document structure, block and inline-level tags, floating images, controlling white space, and phrase and font markup.
Presents features that experienced developers need to streamline workflows and introduce dynamic new functions to projects.
Discusses the implementation of XML formats, and how these formats work in real-world situations.
Shows how OOP techniques can streamline database queries, help manage sessions, and simplify user logins.
Shares tools and techniques to help create a more streamlined workflow through reusable code components.
Teaches new designers the building blocks of web programming.
Delves into advanced Flex development skills, like custom popup windows, parsing XML, and integration.
Teaches developers to harness the power of Flex 3 to create cross-platform, data-centric applications.
Put the skills learned in the Essential Training course to practical use.
Teaches new and experienced web developers the steps for building dynamic, data-driven, interactive sites using PHP and MySQL.
Helps users take advantage of Flash CS3 with a full understanding of ActionScript 3.0.
Explains the complete process of using Ruby on Rails, from understanding fundamental concepts to creating full-featured applications.
Joe Marini takes you through the basic rules of XML, discusses suggested tools, and explains XML syntax.
Joey Lott teaches the essential skills and reveals the insider information needed to begin developing Flash applications. | <urn:uuid:805e709c-51cb-46d7-bae3-95ffd45a9d7f> | 2013-05-26T09:36:23Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Home Purchase Guide
Buying a home can seem like a frightening prospect. Whether it's your first home or your fifth, so much is at stake: your savings, your credit rating, and your financial freedom. It is difficult to find the courage to sign on the dotted line even if you want that home very, very badly.
How do you determine whether the purchase of a home makes sense?
What is the easiest way to examine the whole picture, from emotions to economics?
I want to share with you my Seven Steps For Success plan. If you read this plan, you will learn how to separate whims from true needs. You will discover how to prepare a game plan for your real estate venture, how to research effectively, choose wisely, finance appropriately, and survive the whole procedure with your smile in place.
SEVEN STEPS FOR SUCCESS
STEP 1: ESTABLISH YOUR NEEDS AND WANTS
Begin your search for a perfect home by making a careful assessment of the kind of home you need and want. We recommend that you write it down. Take time, right now, to be as specific as you can about your particular requirements. First, make a list of “necessities” in your home. Next, list the features that you “desire.”
STEP 2: DETERMINE HOW MUCH YOU CAN AFFORD
Set up a budget for yourself. Decide how much you can really afford to invest and be comfortable with, for your monthly house payment. Be realistic. Most lenders suggest that your payments be no more than 28 percent of your total monthly income. Don’t forget to include taxes and insurance if you plan to escrow.
STEP 3: GET PRE-QUALIFIED OR PRE-APPROVED BY A LENDER
You can save yourself time and heartache by meeting with a lender before you start your search for a home. A lender can let you know what specific loan programs would be best for you. He can also help you understand what it takes to qualify for the loan that you want. By taking a look at your financial situation and looking at your credit history, a lender can usually give you a good idea if you can qualify for the loan amount that you want. Many lenders call this ‘Pre-Qualifying A Buyer.’
To be absolutely certain that you can be approved for a loan, you may want to ask to be “pre-approved.” In the approval process, all of your documentation is completed and submitted to an underwriter. The pre-approval that you will receive is an actual loan commitment from a lender - your guarantee of loan approval.
It is important that you are 99.9% sure you will get the financing needed and your lender will be able to perform according to the time limits in a purchase contract. If not, you could end up in the middle of an escrow and find out otherwise. If this happens, you could lose your deposit, which could be as much as 3% of the purchase price. Ask for current references and check them. Ask references if there were any problems during escrow and did escrow close within 30 days?
STEP 4: FIND A GOOD REAL ESTATE AGENT TO HELP YOU
You can learn a lot about agents by just letting them talk to you about how they help their buyers. Within a few minutes, you will probably be able to determine if an agent’s style is in line with yours.
Ask as many questions as you can up front. Finding a good agent will save you huge amounts of time, effort, and frustration. Remember, a “buyer’s agent” is working for YOU!
STEP 5: FIND A HOME THAT MEETS YOUR NEEDS
To find a home that meets your needs, consider these tips for successful house hunting:
Keep an organized record of all your research data. Write down comments about the homes that you see. Keep track of your likes and dislikes.
Make sure that your agent is aware of your time schedule and your expectations. Do you like to look at one or two homes in a session? Four? Eight? Discuss all of this with your agent.
Tell your agent about any homes that perk your interest and those you'd like to know more about. Include those homes you discover as you explore the area yourself or those you see advertised in the newspaper.
If you want to spend time driving around looking at homes for yourself, ask your agent for a list of drive-by homes which you can consider first from the outside. Your agent can then make appointments to show you the interior of those that appeal to you.
Express your likes and dislikes to your agent after you see a home. Honest communication is essential. Some buyers are shy and hesitant to tell an agent what they really think of a house. They think the agent may take it personally. Remember, the homes don't belong to the agent! You must be straightforward about your likes and dislikes to enable the agent to do the best job for you.
STEP 6: MAKE AN OFFER TO BUY A HOME
Your real estate agent can help you make an offer to buy the home that you select. It is important that you decide prior to viewing homes whether your agent will represent you or the seller. Some agents work only for the seller. In this case the agent may not be able to advise you in making a fair offer.
By looking at homes selling in the area and the length of time it takes to sell, you should be able to get a good idea of value. Only a “buyer’s agent” can give you all the information necessary to make an intelligent offer in your best interests.
STEP 7: SAVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN ON YOUR INITIAL INVESTMENT
There are only two major investments to consider when buying a home. These are the initial investment (including down payment and closing costs) and the monthly payment (including principle, interest, taxes, and insurance).
Here are some ways to save on your initial investment:
Keep your monthly payments low:
Remember that interest payments on a primary residential mortgage are fully deductible in most circumstances. Your property taxes may also be deductible. Tax rates definitely favor homeowners.
Congratulations! Now that you have finished reading my Seven Steps For Success, it is time to go out and find the home of your dreams! | <urn:uuid:0bbd9ed6-1e4a-4552-a063-3d59e140705a> | 2013-05-26T09:42:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Section 125. The officials authorized to issue a license under section one hundred and twenty-two, after due notice to the licensee and reasonable opportunity for him to be heard, may declare his license forfeited, or may suspend his license for such period of time as they may deem proper, upon satisfactory proof that he has violated or permitted a violation of any condition thereof or has violated any provision of this chapter, or has been convicted of a felony. The pendency of proceedings before a court shall not suspend or interfere with the power to declare a forfeiture. If the license is declared forfeited, the licensee shall be disqualified to receive a license for one year after the expiration of the term of the license so forfeited. The commissioner of the department of criminal justice information services shall be notified in writing of any forfeiture under this section. | <urn:uuid:3264a5a9-eaad-4fe9-bae9-e190f0374bff> | 2013-05-27T02:53:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:
SECTION 1. Notwithstanding section 10 of chapter 39 of the General Laws or any other general or special law or by-law to the contrary, the acts and proceedings taken by the town of Manchester-by-the-Sea at the special town meetings held on April 2, 2001 and April 1, 2002, and all actions taken pursuant thereto including the award of, appropriation for and payment of contracts, are hereby ratified, validated and confirmed to the same extent as if the warrants for these town meetings had been posted and published in full compliance with law and town by-laws.
SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon its passage. | <urn:uuid:e93eced1-4c28-41e6-8cd2-bd5923b5b38d> | 2013-05-26T09:35:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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AN ACT FURTHER REGULATING PAYMENT AGREEMENTS FOR LOCAL TAXES.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same as follows:
SECTION 1. Section 62 of chapter 60 of the General Laws, as appearing in the 2004 Official Edition, is hereby amended by striking out, in lines 14 and 15, the words “, each of which except the last, shall be in an amount of not less than twenty-five per cent of the sum for which the land was originally sold”.
SECTION 2. Said section 62 of said chapter 60, as so appearing, is hereby further amended by striking out, in lines 25 and 26, the words “one year beyond the time period provided by section sixty-five; but not more than one such extension shall be granted” and inserting in place thereof the following words:- 2 years beyond the time period provided by section 65. | <urn:uuid:66da201d-b3c4-42de-981c-ed02a653fee8> | 2013-05-27T02:54:48Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Clothes have been used to define the sexes since the earliest times. On the whole, men's clothes have been more practical with separate legs in lower garments to facilitate activity, whilst the fashionable male silhouette has often emphasised a broad chest and narrow hips. Women's dress has been more restrictive and decorative, with layers of long skirts hampering movement and an ideal hour-glass figure emphasising bust and hips with a narrow waist between. However, within these general parameters, clothing has frequently played with the established concepts of sexuality; even eighteenth century ladies wore masculine-style jackets and hats for riding; and women in the 1920s took their boyish appearance to an extreme with bust flatteners, bobbed hair and dropped-waist dresses. Male "dandies" in the early nineteenth century revelled in sporting lavender trousers and perfumed gloves with rings on top, just as the New Romantics of the early eighties wore make-up, frilled shirts and extravagantly draped scarves and sashes.
This section looks to the conservative "ideal" of male and female as well as to the extreme and the exception, and it provides a flavour of costume's long-standing interaction with human sexuality. | <urn:uuid:716510d8-9dfe-4f58-ade0-2837d0bb0bfc> | 2013-05-26T09:35:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I was driving toward Lahaina recently when I noticed the new light being installed near Puamana Beach Park. I wondered who would think that's a good spot for a traffic light.
While traffic laws might require one, did no one see the future traffic jams? Did the Launiupoko light not provide any foresight? How about large, safe turn lanes that won't cause accidents and traffic jams?
C'mon, developers, let's plan a little better than that. | <urn:uuid:a38045e3-849a-4c82-afda-07800267f3f0> | 2013-05-26T09:35:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Helping young people reach their goals.
Home › Forum
|Forum||Number of threads|
Thank you so much for that, there has been so much going on. As suspected, they tried to claim homelessness, I had told my son from the outset that I would put housing in the picture. They had put...
Hi, We're sorry to hear that you felt your complaint wasn't dealt with adequately. We'd be interested to hear more about this - if you'd like to take it further, you can speak to... | <urn:uuid:6ed01169-15a7-4fd9-8209-780d075c4cc5> | 2013-05-26T09:42:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This week in Shanghai, Roger Federer is playing in his sixth Tennis Masters Cup and is seeking his fourth title in the year-end championships. Federer made his debut at the event in 2002 - in Shanghai - where he reached the semifinals, losing an epic semifinal to Lleyton Hewitt. In the book THE ROGER FEDERER STORY, QUEST FOR PERFECTION (www.rogerfedererbook.com
, New Chapter Press, $24.95), author Rene Stauffer reflects on Federer's Masters Cup debut. The excerpt is below. The book, by the way, makes a great holiday gift!
Is Federer's match with Hewitt more of a classic than his 2005 final with David Nalbandian?
Roger Federer’s title in Vienna represented a big step towards qualifying for the Tennis Masters Cup in China. Federer passed Albert Costa, Andy Roddick and Tommy Haas in Champions Race to rank No. 7 after his victory along the banks of the Danube. His ATP ranking, based on the 52-week results, also rose to a career-high No. 7—the career-high ranking that his countryman Jakob Hlasek achieved in 1989. After a quarterfinal finish at the Tennis Masters Series event in Madrid, Federer moved to No. 6 in the rankings—marking the highest ATP ranking ever achieved by a Swiss player. His trip to China was well within reach, but now he wanted to finally win “his” tournament—the Swiss Indoors in Basel. After finishing runner-up the last two years, Federer seemed poised to finally capture his hometown tournament. In the quarterfinals, Federer faced Roddick for the first time in his career and defeated the 19-year-old American 7-6 (5), 6-1 in an exciting match that lasted until midnight. In the semifinals, the brawny David Nalbandian, Federer’s rival from junior days, spoiled Roger’s hometown title dreams, winning a 6-7 (2), 7-5, 6-3 decision after trailing 7-6, 3-1.
The final ATP event of the year is the Tennis Masters Series in Paris, played at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy, a majestic entertainment arena located on the north bank of the Seine featuring manicured grass-covered sides on its outside walls. The event usually decides the final qualifiers for the year-end Tennis Masters Cup and 2002 was no different. Federer of¬ficially booked his ticket for Shanghai when Tim Henman lost in the third round to Nicolas Escude and Federer straight-setted Tommy Haas to reach the quarterfinals. With his goal achieved, Federer’s quarterfinal with Hewitt lacked the tension of his previous matches, and he lost to the world No. 1 in straight sets.
Federer traveled to Shanghai in November of 2002 as the No. 6 ranked player in the world. At age 21, he was the youngest player in the Tennis Masters Cup field, had nothing to lose as a first-time qualifier and there¬fore, he was duly relaxed during the event. “Everything after this will be an encore,” he said. The Tennis Masters Cup took place in one of five gigantic exhibition halls that were reminiscent of airplane hangars in the Pudong district of Shanghai, a faceless area between the airport and downtown.
For Federer, his trip to the Tennis Masters Cup in China was unique. “This is no ordinary tournament; it’s an adventure,” he said juggling tennis balls in front of his hotel and parading up and down along the edge of a four-lane main road in a publicity photo shoot for photographers. He was playing in the Far East for the first time and immediately felt comfortable in his new surroundings. He enjoyed the unique atmosphere of the 11,500 square meter Expo-Hall, whose 10,000 spectators turned the place into an electric atmosphere.
The Tennis Masters Cup was the biggest, the most expensive and the most widely-covered professional sports event in China at the time. For most Chinese, tennis was relatively unknown. It was an undiscovered sport that they didn’t yet really understand. Whenever players double-faulted, the spectators would scream. Enthusiastic Chinese journalists would pose the strangest questions in press conferences. “Why are you always smiling, Mistel Fedelel? Because you are in such good shape?” a Chinese reporter asked Federer in broken English. Following another match, French Open Champion Albert Costa was asked by a Chinese scribe, “You always used to eat bananas when chang¬ing sides. Why not today? Perhaps because you don’t like Chinese bananas?”
Federer, the Masters rookie who came to China with his mother Lynette and girlfriend Mirka, basked in the preferential treatment accorded to each of the eight participants. “I feel special here with the entire hullabaloo and the many body guards,” he said. “They read your every desire from your lips. It’s fortunate that there are so few players here.” At Shanghai, it became even more clear that Federer possessed a certain star quality and that he wasn’t blinded by the limelight. He loved the attention and flourished in it.
The Tennis Masters Cup is a round-robin event with the eight qualifying players paired in two round-robin groups of four. In his group, Federer ranked Andre Agassi as the favorite and himself and Juan Carlos Ferrero of Spain as the leading contenders for the No. 2 position. Federer’s assessment quickly proved to be wrong. Federer beat Ferrero in his opening round-robin match and then defeated Jiri Novak for a 2-0 round robin record. Federer then clinched his round-robin flight when Agassi lost to both Novak and Ferrero. No longer with a chance of making the semifinals, Agassi hastily left China in disappointment, using a hip injury as the reason for his withdrawal.
In the semifinals, Federer faced Hewitt, who already clinched the year-end No. 1 ranking for a second year in a row. The Australian barely qualified for the semifinals and benefited from Carlos Moya winning a three-hour meaningless match over fellow Spaniard Costa, where a Costa victory would have him reach the semifinals rather than Hewitt. Although Federer lost five of the last seven matches with Hewitt, he reasoned his chances of beating him and winning the first big championship of his career were very attainable.
Federer started his semifinal with Hewitt in furious fashion, taking a 3-0 and a 5-2 first-set lead, but Hewitt ran and fought as if his life were at stake. Hewitt fought off five set points and rallied for a 6-5 lead. Serving for the set, Hewitt staved off another five break points, before capturing the first set 7-5. Federer, however, was not ready to surrender. The second set turned into a wild back-and-forth struggle. Hewitt served for the match at 5-4 and held match point, but Federer broke back for 5-5. After holding serve for 6-5, Federer evened the match by breaking Hewitt’s serve, connecting on his fourth set point of the game.
The Chinese fans went wild—out of their seats, screaming and cheering. In the commentary booth high above the stadium, Heinz Günthardt and Stefan Bürer, the Swiss TV commentary team, described the tension and fast-paced action to the audience back in Switzerland, where it was Saturday morning and many people postponed their weekend shopping to watch the dramatic match with their new sports hero.
As the match extended into a third hour, the breaks seemed to fall in favor of Federer. Leading 4-3 in the final set, Federer held two break points to put him in the position to serve for the match. Both opportunities, however, were lost and Hewitt held for 4-4. Hewitt then subsequently broke Federer’s serve the next game to serve for the match at 5-4. The Australian reached his second match point—and shockingly double-faulted. Federer then broke Hewitt’s serve to square the match at 5-5. Serving with new balls in the next game, Federer committed two consecutive double-faults to allow Hewitt to break him back and gained another opportunity to serve for the match. It took Hewitt another four match points before he finally corralled Federer and advanced to the final with an epic 7-5, 5-7, 7-5 victory. Following the match, Hall of Fame journalist Bud Collins walked into the press room and asked his fellow scribes, “Have you ever seen a better match?”
In the craziest match of his career to date, Federer was aware that he let victory escape from his grasp. “I have no one to blame but myself,” he said to a small group of Swiss journalists who traveled to China. “Luck wasn’t on my side. I blew a big opportunity. That hurts.” A vacation in Phuket, Thailand helped heal the wounds. | <urn:uuid:f518f5f4-832d-4e02-a24c-f2a7b54edf30> | 2013-05-26T09:42:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Frederick Starr: Anthropologist Lost from the History Books
You probably haven’t heard of Frederick Starr. Like his contemporary Franz Boas, Starr was an anthropologist coming to fame while the discipline of anthropology was still being formed. Throughout his career, Starr studied people and cultures on three different continents, and still found time to make a name for himself as a lecturer at the University of Chicago. But unlike Boas—who is considered the father of American Anthropology—you won’t find Starr’s name in many textbooks. The tale of how Frederick Starr was nearly forgotten is one full of controversy and ideology.
Starr’s Early Life and Career
Frederick Starr was born in 1858 in Auburn, New York, to the Reverend Frederick Starr Jr. and Helen Mills Starr. As a child, Starr was a strong student and an avid collector of fossils and minerals. He explored that interest further at the University of Rochester, where he studied geology; two years later, he transferred to Lafayette College in Pennsylvania and graduated in 1882. He received a doctorate in geology from Lafayette College in 1885.
In the late 1800s, anthropology was still a new and growing discipline, so Starr didn't study it formally. It wasn’t until after his schooling, while teaching at Coe College, that Starr discovered his interest in the subject. He conducted both ethnographic and archaeological fieldwork among the local Sauk and Fox Indian tribes and reputedly taught the first anthropology course in Iowa while at Coe. It's not clear who or what specifically spurred Starr’s interest in anthropology, but he pursued it avidly, leaving his studies of geology behind. Following his work at Coe College, Starr held several short-term positions, including working with the ethnological collection at the American Museum of Natural History, before finally accepting a long-term faculty position at the University of Chicago in 1892.
During his time at the University of Chicago, Starr became a very influential public speaker, frequently giving lectures on anthropological subjects that were open to the public through the University’s extension program. After attending an extension course about prehistoric and primitive art, W.R. French, the director of the Art Institute of Chicago at the time, wrote that Starr’s lectures were “both authoritative and agreeable,” and that “Professor Starr has eminently the art of making scientific truth interesting to intelligent but unprofessional academics.”
An Anthropologist is Born
According to Donald McVicker, author of Frederick Starr: Popularizer of Anthropology, Public Intellectual, and Genuine Eccentric, Starr engaged in an incredibly varied anthropological career at the turn of the 20th century. He conducted notable research in Mexico, among many Native American tribes in the United States, with the Ainu people of Japan, and in several regions of Africa.
The World’s Fairs that took place in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries seemed to provide Starr with the perfect opportunities to put his work on display. Much to his dismay, however, Starr was not allowed an influential position at the famous World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. He was excluded by better known anthropologists like Boas and Frederic Ward Putnam, director of Harvard’s Peabody Museum. Starr was commissioned to collect data about and artifacts from the Eastern Cherokee people in North Carolina for Putnam and Boas, but contributed little else to this fair.
At the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis in 1904, however, Starr’s work made a much bigger splash. The anthropologist brought nine Ainu people and a translator back with him from Japan to be part of an exhibit at the fair. These Ainu, members of a Japanese indigenous group from Hokkaido in the northern part of the country, were to be displayed as part of a literal representation of the evolutionary stages of humanity towards civilization; along with several other indigenous groups assembled by other anthropologists, they were on display as “barbarous and semi-barbarous peoples.” While this is unquestionably offensive to today's sensibilities, the visitor response to the exhibit at the time was overwhelmingly positive, as most people had never before heard of the Ainu and were intrigued by their appearance and practices. In a 1993 article about the Ainu exhibit, anthropologist James W. Vanstone reports the reactions from writers and visitors to the exhibit:
One enthusiastic writer referred to the Ainu as "mysterious little Japanese primitives" and noted that visitors were impressed by their cleanliness and polite manners, but somewhat disappointed that they were no "man-eaters, dog-eaters or wild men."
In addition to contributing to these World’s Fairs, Starr produced several publications in conjunction with his fieldwork. These publications included many scholarly and other articles, as well as books like The Truth about the Congo, about his studies in that region; Indians of Southern Mexico: An Ethnographic Album; and In Indian Mexico: A Narrative of Travel and Labor, about the performance and findings of his extensive work with Indian tribes in Mexico.
Starr’s Methods and Misconduct in Mexico
His appearance in St. Louis with the Ainu may have been Starr’s most publicly recognized work, but if he is remembered at all today, it's for his fieldwork in Mexico. Starr recalls his purpose there in In Indian Mexico:
The work I planned to do among these indian towns was threefold: 1. The measurement of one hundred men and twenty-five women in each population, fourteen measurements being taken upon each subject; 2. The making of pictures,—portraits, dress, occupations, customs, buildings, and landscapes; 3. The making of plaster busts of five individuals in each tribe.
The primary goals in making such recordings were to observe the differences between various Mexican tribes and to establish the placement of such people, and their race and culture, on the same scale that he had placed the Ainu, from barbarous to civilized. It was assumed at the time that there were physical characteristics, such as cranial shape and size, that could mark such distinctions between races (a theory that has long since been disproved).
In his book, Starr refers to the Mexican people he is studying as “ignorant, timid, and suspicious.” He also makes regular references to them being too drunk to allow their measurements to be taken. All of these characteristics assigned to these Mexican Indians by Starr explained, in his point of view, the difficulty he often had in securing subjects for measurement, and justified the forceful methods he felt compelled to use. Starr took advantage of the fact that prisoners could not refuse his requests to measure them, and regularly photographed and measured imprisoned subjects for his work. What’s more, if there were individuals he wished to measure who did not acquiesce, he would threaten them with arrest and jail time so that they could no longer refuse. The authorities did not object to these methods, instead providing support for Starr by collecting subjects and keeping order. Starr even recounts a specific incident where policemen stopped a bullfight in progress in order to obtain a young man taking part in the fight for Starr’s research.
Starr Fading from View
Over time, Starr’s brutish, unethical methods and offensive ideas became questionable in the eyes of the anthropological community. The theories of his contemporary Boas, however, began to amass a great deal of support from other anthropologists and academics.
Boas, born and educated in Germany, moved to the United States in 1887 and proceeded to make substantial contributions to the methodology of American anthropology. By incorporating the methods of natural science into the discipline of anthropology, Boas emphasized the importance of conducting research before developing theories, as well as approaching studies in the most ethical and unbiased ways possible. What’s more, he developed the modern interpretation of culture, viewing it as learned behavior and a product of a people's history, rather than a hierarchical measurement of civilization that would place the western world on top.
While most anthropologists, inspired by Boas, began to recognize the people they studied as part of the larger, equal human race, Starr continued to regard them as primitive and inferior, demonstrated by his attitude towards his subjects in Mexico. Soon, Starr’s methods of fieldwork were widely considered unethical and his ideas about culture outdated.
Starr’s charisma and ability as a speaker managed to keep him relevant in public education spheres toward the end of his career. In this capacity, Starr overshadowed Boas, who preferred not to address the general themes of anthropology necessary in public lecturing and was nervous about his skill in speaking English, which was not his first language. The academic discipline of anthropology, though, became dominated by Boas’ methods and, over the years, Frederick Starr and his methods were phased out. Today, his work is rarely read, or even mentioned, in discussions or classes on anthropological history.
After 31 years at the University of Chicago, Starr retired from his post in 1923. True to form, he continued to travel the globe and engage in public speaking events until his death; he died unexpectedly of pneumonia while in Japan in 1933. | <urn:uuid:806f50b6-e6e5-47f2-aad2-fe78c3a1e6b6> | 2013-05-26T09:42:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Rugby a huge hit in Lashburn once again 0
L-R: Karleen Silvester took home the Train Hard, Achieve Greatness award, Adriana Poirier was named the Senior Player of the Year and Shalyn Mackay was named the Junior Player of the Year. Photo by Carl Carter
After a very successful inaugural season on the field, the Lashburn High School girl's rugby team celebrated with an awards night this past Monday.
The school's rugby program was resurrected this past season thanks to some hard work by a number of parents and coaches off the field. That effort certainly paid off, as the team exceeded expectations this past season.
"It has been a tremendous year for these girls. It started off at the Ross Sheppard tournament in Edmonton, where they played in a senior high school competition, so that was sort of their first introduction to rugby," said Saskatchewan Rugby technical director Dean Murten, who has played a big part in helping the team get off the ground. "That tournament was a huge learning curve for them. They were up against a lot of Grade 11 and 12 players, and they're all Grade 8 and 9 and younger, so it was a huge challenge for them."
The team didn't win a game at that tournament, but then found success playing against teams from Lloydminster and other parts of Saskatchewan.
"Then they played Lloyd teams and that went well, and I think people were quite surprised because the numbers we got at the start was quite great and the quality of the girls was quite good as well," said Murten. "Then we played against Saskatoon teams and did quite well there, and that put us into the city final, and we came up short against a good team that's been playing together for years, so it wasn't that disappointing."
The team finished the season with a loss in the bronze-medal match at provincials in Regina.
"That was against a team of Grade 11 and 12's, so we came up short there and ended up fourth in the province, which was still a great achievement," said Murten.
The team recognized three outstanding athletes at awards night, and Murten admitted that it was very tough to pick the winners.
"It was difficult to choose because there were probably 10 or 11 that were on the fringes of getting something," said Murten.
In the end Adriana Poirier was named the Senior Player of the Year and Shalyn Mackay was named the Junior Player of the Year.
"She (Mackay) has been playing senior and she still stands out, so she's a tremendous player with a great future in the game," said Murten, adding Adrianna was a great leader and role model for the young team. "She just gets on with the game, plays hard and she's very physical for a small girl and she's got a lot to offer for the game as well."
The final award was the Train Hard, Achieve Greatness award, and it went to Karleen Silvester.
"That goes to the person who just goes out there and gives it everything they've got," said Murten. "They might not be the best player but they go out there and just give everything they've got, and Karleen certainly did that."
With the season all wrapped up Murten says the players exceeded everyone's expectations for what was possible in their first season.
"All I wanted to do was build up the number's base and get more kids playing," said Murten. "I wasn't bothered by results to be quite honest; it was more about growing the program this year and gradually getting better and better for years to come, but they were far better than what I expected and the numbers were far great than what I expected."
After such a successful inaugural season, everyone is waiting to see what is possible in the team's second season.
"Next season we're going to start training a little earlier with them," said Murten. "We're going to go on a trip to B.C. for three or four days and then go back to the Ross Sheppard tournament. It's a good benchmark to see how far they've developed.
"It's going to be another exciting year for them next year and we've got lots of things planned. We've always said this wasn't a one-year thing; it's a three or four year commitment, and they've all committed."
Of course none of this would be possible without the sponsors that have helped the team - which include Allied Line Locators in Lashburn, Redhead Equipment in Lloydminster, Altam Trucking Ltd. in Lashburn, JTL Industries Ltd. in Neilburg and JGS in Lashburn.
"There is a lot of travel involved, so it all goes towards travel costs, hotels and it just takes a burden off the kids a little bit and the parents," said Murten. "It's great for those companies to step up, and we're still looking for a few others just to keep it going." | <urn:uuid:6c642f25-aafb-4743-b8c5-3b411a76c0ff> | 2013-05-26T09:42:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The gathering cheered wildly with shouts "Viva il Papa" and some ran towards the basilica as the smoke billowed from a narrow makeshift chimney and St Peter's bells rang.
Born on 17 December 1936, the new pope holds a degree as a chemical technician, entered the seminary of Villa Devoto. On 3 June 1997, he was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Buenos Aires and succeeded Cardinal Antonio Quarracino on 28 February 1998. He was created and proclaimed Cardinal by Blessed John Paul II in the consistory of 21 February 2001, of the Title of St. Robert Bellarmine.
The most popular citizen journalists' reports on merinews chosen automatically on the basis of views and comments
View more jobs | <urn:uuid:f4051ccd-e502-4db3-9af6-d70cfec7cb1c> | 2013-05-27T02:55:40Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Historical Commentary on the Gospel of Mark
||Home||Topical Index||Next Chapter
|1: And when they drew near to
to Beth'phage and Bethany, at the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his
2: and said to them, "Go into the village opposite you, and immediately
as you enter it you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever
untie it and bring it. 3: If any one says to you, `Why are you doing
say, `The Lord has need of it and will send it back here immediately.'"
4: And they went away, and found a colt tied at the door out in the
street; and they untied it. 5: And those who stood there said to them,
"What are you doing, untying the colt?" 6: And they told them what
||Jesus had said; and they let them go. 7: And they brought the colt to Jesus, and threw their garments on it; and he sat upon it. 8: And many spread their garments on the road, and others spread leafy branches which they had cut from the fields. 9: And those who went before and those who followed cried out, "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! 10: Blessed is the kingdom of our father David that is coming! Hosanna in the highest!" 11: And he entered Jerusalem, and went into the temple; and when he had looked round at everything, as it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the twelve.|
|1: And when they drew near to Jerusalem, to Beth'phage and Bethany, at the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples|
Vernon K. Robbins (1976) has shown that Mark 11:1-6 is a doublet
of Mark 14:13-16. Here are the parallels:
Bethpage means something like "House of Green Figs" which may be a
to Jesus' coming miracle. Neither town is found in the Old
or in Josephus or in any other non-Christian source prior to Mark.
ancient location is unknown. Against this, there are other
possibilities for the name. On the other hand, figs are commonly grown
around Jerusalem, and place names with "fig" as a component are known.
This reference, which reverses the order of the two cities of
and Bethany as they currently are situated and has Jesus entering the
city from the northeast even though Bethany and Bethpage are in the
southeast, is often considered a
error by exegetes that demonstrates the writer's unfamiliarity with the
area. Given the problems pre-industrial peoples often have relating
locations to each other, I am dubious of the "error" interpretation.
Note how the RSV has translated the verse as vaguely as possible, to
minimize the problems.
OT construction is evident here in the writer's decision to
Jesus' entry into Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, reflecting the
belief in ancient Judaism that the Messiah would begin his work on the
Mount of Olives (Josephus records individuals actually attempting to
this out). This is based on the passage in Zech 14:4:
|v1: in this section of Mark, Bethany functions as a base from which Jesus mounts forays into the heart of enemy territory, the Temple and Jerusalem. Just three narrative sites occupy the Gospel from here on in, Bethany, the Mount of Olives, and Jerusalem (Myers 1988, p349-350).|
as the Mount of Olives and the Temple Mount face off throughout the
rest of the Gospel of Mark, so in the OT mountains frequently face each
other in paired opposition, for example, Horeb and Carmel in 1 Kings 18
and 1 Kings 19, and Ebal and Gerizim in the Pentateuch.
|2: and said to them, "Go into the village opposite you, and immediately as you enter it you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever sat; untie it and bring it.|
This passage is created out of the Old Testament. Zech 9:9
|v2: As Helms (1988, p103) observes, it is also miraculous to imagine that Jesus could simply hop on a colt that has never been ridden before (v2).|
Stephen Smith (1996) also sees affinities between this passage and 1
Kings 1:33-48, where David shows that Solomon will be his successor by
making him ride a mule down to Gihon where the priest and the prophet
are waiting to annoint him.
many exegetes have noted, an unridden colt signifies a colt for the
King, since no one but the King was allowed to ride the colt without
his express authorization.
|3: If any one says to you, `Why are you doing this?' say, `The Lord has need of it and will send it back here immediately.'"|
RSV has translated away a Markan play on words. The Greek actually says
"Its Master has need of it" where Master could refer to either Jesus
or the owner of the creature.
J. Duncan and M. Derrett (2001) write:
|8: And many spread their garments on the road, and others spread leafy branches which they had cut from the fields.|
Gundry (1993) notes:
The scene as presented is historically implausible.
the scene also recalls the entry of Simon Maccabaeus into Jerusalem in
1 Mac 13:51, as well as the entry of Messianic pretender Menahem into
Jerusalem and to the Temple as told in Josephus.
that the references to the colt cease after v7. Thus some exegetes have
argued that the passage conflates two different stories, one about a
colt, the other with Jesus on foot.
|9: And those who went before and those who followed cried out, "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!|
These praises are taken from the Septaugint versions of Psalm
and 148:1 (Helms 1988, p 104); the Greek of the two texts is the same
both (Eulogemenos ho erchomenos en onomati Kuriou). Psalm 118
was written during Maccabaean times to celebrate the entry of Simon
Maccabaeus into Jerusalem but was traditionally attributed
|11: And he entered Jerusalem, and went into the temple; and when he had looked round at everything, as it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the twelve.|
Note that while there may be a crowd of some kind, only Jesus is said
to have entered Jerusalem.
Although some have objected that the Romans would probably not
permitted a man the crowd acknowledged King to enter the city to
crowds, Price (2003, p 292) argues that what is really going on is a
of Markan irony. The crowd is simply giving out the Hosanna! as part of
the usual Passover wish that the Davidic messiah would come and restore
the Davidic monarchy. And sure enough, in front of them, is the Davidic
messiah -- but the crowd doesn't know. To them, Jesus is just one of
of thousands of entrants to the city for the Passover festival, who
like thousands of others, to be arriving on a donkey.
scene, the "crowd" does not acknowledge that Jesus is the messiah,
in Luke, they clearly do. However, the vast distance being traversed
during Jesus entrance, as well as the presence of both straw and
may be signals that Mark did not frame it the way Price is
Note also that in Mark there
is no crowd. v9 says "And those who went before and those who
out..." implying that the speaking is done not by a crowd but
most probably by disciples who have come into Jerusalem. with Jesus. No
crowd is ever directly mentioned, just the "many" who spread their
garments on the road or lined it with branches.
Regardless of how one reads the
entry, the salient fact is that the Romans had a low tolerance for even
the slightest whiff of sedition, and would have dealt with it
ruthlessly. As Brent Kinman (1994) concedes while attempting to defend
the historicity of the incident, even among scholars who accept the
historicity of the story, the reality of Roman touchiness on the
subject of sedition creates apprehension. Kinman goes on to argue that
since Pilate's coming up to Jerusalem must have been an extravagant
affair, Jesus' entry must have paled beside it. While this approach is
the distilled essence of speculation, Kinman does bring up one common
point, that the Gospel portrayals need not be read as having the crowd
in its entirety acknowledge Jesus the savior. Against this is Gundry's
observation of the sheer length of Jesus dramatic entrance, as well as
the details of the crowd laying things at his feet the whole way.
In any case, as we have seen, this passage is created off of
the Old Testament. At the level of the overall framework, beginning
with the arrival in Jerusalem the parallels to the
Cycle become ever denser. Here the writer of Mark begans to rely more
more on that cycle for his plot structure and the details of his story
(Brodie 2000, p92):
The E-E Cycle also explains some of the stranger details of
The writer of Mark has also modeled this on the sequence in Zechariah 14. Duff (1992), who connects the entrance into the city to Zech 14, summarizes that text below. Note how the sequence in this text resembles this section of the Gospel of Mark, with the entrance into Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, down a processional highway, accompanied by his holy ones.
At the detail level, the passage is a creation off of the
1 Samuel 9 and 1 Sam 10:
and 1 Sam 10:2-7:
The scene may also represent a common convention of Greek drama, the hyporcheme, as proposed by Bilezekian (1977):
Duff (1992) also points out that the procession surrounding
the entrance of the warrior-king into the city was originally modeled
on Greek epiphany processions, in which the deity enters the city.
Frequently the entering King is either greeted as a god, or performs
sacrifices that "function as an act of appropriation" (p60).
This pericope consists of two chiastic structures looking more
or less like this:
The presence of the supernatural juxtaposed with OT creation
the level of detail and of the plot structure, along with the presence
of Mark literary creation (the doublet of v1-6), and the
conventionality of the entry in Greco-Roman culture indicate that there
no support for historicity in this pericope.
|12: On the following day, when
from Bethany, he was hungry. 13: And seeing in the distance a fig
tree in leaf, he went to see if he could find anything on it. When he
to it, he found nothing
||but leaves, for it was not the season for figs. 14: And he said to it, "May no one ever eat fruit from you again." And his disciples heard it.|
|13: And seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to see if he could find anything on it. When he came to it, he found nothing but leaves, for it was not the season for figs.|
Perhaps the scene is based on Psalm 37:35-6. More likely is Micah
where "the imagery of a search for figs is a figure for God's search
righteous Israelites, and the image of a barren or withered fig tree is
occasionally used to represent national failure as a manifestation of
judgment" (Brown 2002).
Also standing behind this may be Hosea 9:15-6, where the wicked are driven from the house of the Lord and the image of barrenness is found in conjunction with the Temple:
|v13: Jesus' search for fruit on the fig
tree is usually interpreted as an allegory based on the use of the fig
tree to represent Israel in the OT, including Jeremiah 8:13, 29:14,
Joel 1:7, Hosea 9:10, and 9:16. For example, Jeremiah 8:13 notes:
|v13: As Oakman (1993) points out, the
Cursing is scientifically absurd. Normally, when leaves are present on
a fig tree, there is fruit. Thus, an allegorical meaning is deduced.
|v13: Thomas L. Thompson (2005, p78)
points out that the writer is saying that it is not the tree but Jesus
who is out of season. The righteous (Israel) should be ready for the
messiah whenever he comes. He also observes that Jer 24:1-10 offers a
scene of two baskets of figs outside the Temple, one representing the
remnant of Good people who will be taken into exile when Jerusalem is
destroyed, the other representing the very bad.
|v13: Jan Sammer notes:
This pericope's chiastic structure is impossible to clearly
The wrter's A brackets are typically geographical movements, and there
is nowhere else in the gospel where Jesus makes so many movements in so
short a volume of text.
or all the movements may constitute a single A bracket. That
would work very nicely. But the writer did not leave us enough examples
to unravel his thinking on this matter.
This pericope is the "A" section of one of the Gospels' most
famous chiasms, an A-B-A' structure that sandwiches the Cleansing of
the Temple between the Cursing of the Fig Tree.
The presence of the
supernatural and creation from the OT indicate that there is no support
for historicity in this pericope.
|15: And they came to Jerusalem. And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who sold and those who bought in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold pigeons; 16: and he would not allow any one to carry anything through the temple. 17: And he taught, and said to them,||"Is it not written, `My house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations'? But you have made it a den of robbers." 18: And the chief priests and the scribes heard it and sought a way to destroy him; for they feared him, because all the multitude was astonished at his teaching. 19: And when evening came they went out of the city.|
|15: And they came to Jerusalem. And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who sold and those who bought in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold pigeons;|
From Nehemiah 13:8-9:
|v15: The Lord has come to his house, as promised in Mal 3:1 at the beginning of the Gospel.|
|v15: the verb "drive out" also links
the text back to Hosea 9:15:
activity of "plundering" the Temple may well relate back to the
plundering of the Strong Man's House in Mk 3:27.
As exegetes have noted, the Temple, fundamentally an economic
institution, was the center of the economic life of Jerusalem, driving
employment for many petty producers like bakers, incense makers,
goldsmiths, and so forth (Myers 1988, p300). Moneychanging was a
normal and sanctioned activity, necessary because the foreign coinage
carried by pilgrims from overseas for donations to the Temple had to be
changed to a coin acceptable to the Temple. As Crossan (1992) writes:
Some conservative exegetes have argued that non-Temple related money-changing probably went on as well, and that Jesus was targeting such unsanctioned and purely commercial transactions.
|16: and he would not allow any one to carry anything through the temple.|
The Greek says "vessels" by which the sacrificial equipment of
the Temple is meant, not "merchandise" as a number of translations will
have it. From Nehemiah 13:8-9
|v16: This story also has an interesting parallel in 2 Maccabees. There the story is told of the high priest Onias III, revered by the Jews for his righteousness. In 2 Macc 4:32-4 Onias attempts to prevent Menelaus from stealing vessels from the Temple. Later Onias is killed after being tricked into leaving his sanctuary near Antioch. After his death, in 2 Macc 15:11-16, he visits the Jewish leader Judas Maccabeaus in a dream. Like Jesus, he saved the Temple vessels from being plundered, was betrayed and killed, and then appeared to his followers after his death. Strangely, Josephus informs us that his brother's name was Jesus (later Jason). Daniel 9:26, the famous passage where the messiah is "cut off," is generally held to refer to Onias III.|
Josephus (Against Apion,
|17: And he taught, and said to them, "Is it not written, `My house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations'? But you have made it a den of robbers."|
|v17: The writer of Mark has Jesus shouting out parts of the Old Testament while overturning benches and preventing people from carrying the sacrificial vessels around an area that is thousands of square yards in size.|
the writer has yoked together two diametrically opposed visions of the
Temple. In the passage from Isa 56 the Temple is presented as an
inclusive institution where YHWH's promise even encompasses foreigners
and outcasts, but the passage from Jeremiah 7 cited in the second half
of v17 is a diatribe on the corruption of the Temple that foresees its
destruction just as the previous shrine at Shiloh was destroyed (Myers
In addition to the reference to destroyed Temples, the passages surrounding Jer 7:11 contain important themes from the Gospel of Mark, including abominations on the heights (in the holy Temple of God):
and the bridgegroom:
Duff (1992), observing the citation of Isaiah on prayer, points out
that Jesus gives instructions on what is right outside the Temple in
Hans Dieter Betz (1997), one of many scholars who accepts this incident
as historical, notes:
Buchanon (1991) also points out that there is no message in Mk 11:17
that Jesus wanted those present to understand that the Temple must be
destroyed. Taking his point further, one could argue that the first
half of his remarks indicate the opposite.
term "robber" here refers more correctly to those who steal by
violence. The term is used extensively in Josephus and most probably
refers to the Jewish insurgents of the Roman-Jewish War of 66-70, who
occupied the Temple at the height of the siege of Jerusalem (Marcus,
complaint of Jesus here is in another chreia-like utterance in which
Jesus provides both the setting and the response: Q: Shouldn't this be a place of prayer?
A: But you've made it a den of thieves!
The structure of this periocope is a simple chiasm:
This is perhaps the most important single event in Mark outside the Crucifixion, for in many interpretations it triggers the authorities' actions against Jesus. Even when rejected as historical, scholars believe that there is an underlying kernel of history. Therefore it will be analyzed in some detail. There are several reasons to think that the author of Mark invented this story.
First, there is the historical improbability of the Temple
The Temple area itself is tremendous in size, more than 12 football
across and capable of holding tens of thousands of people. Looking at
Fredriksen (2000) has recently explained why she has altered her
on its historical probability:
Price (2003, p295) points out that the Temple covered 35 acres, the size of 34 football fields.
As Josephus notes, there were Roman auxiliaries on call in the
Antonia right nearby. The moneychangers undoubtedly had their own
and servants, and so did the local priests. It is therefore unlikely
Jesus could have generated an incident there that was prolonged enough
for anyone to notice. There were too many warm bodies to squelch it
it got rolling. A further problem, as Buchanon (1991) points out, is
that the Temple was not merely the main religious institution of the
Jewish religion, it was also the national treasury and its best
fortress. The Temple's importance should not be underestimated: all
three sides in the internal struggle during the Jewish War fought to
gain control of the Temple. Not only is it highly unlikely that Jesus
could have simply strolled in and gained control of the Temple, it is
also highly unlikely that anyone would have permitted him to leave
unmolested after such a performance.
An additional problem is provided by the awkwardness of v17, which has Jesus teaching as he is tossing out the moneychangers. It is almost comic to imagine Jesus shouting out parts of the Old Testament while overturning benches and preventing people from carrying the sacrificial vessels around an area that is thousands of square yards in size. Note that Jesus turns over the tables as if there were only a handful of them, rather than some tables.
David Seeley (2000) notes many of the practical arguments
In addition to the commonsense issue of implausibility, as Crossan has noted in The Birth of Christianity, a story may be labeled invented when, on every level, it shows obvious literary derivation. Speaking of the Passion Story, he writes: "The individual units, general sequences, and overall frames of the passion-resurrection stories are so linked to prophetic fulfillment that the removal of such fulfillment leaves nothing but the barest facts..." (1998, p.521). The Temple Cleansing is one such story; indeed, the combination of OT creation and Markan redaction leaves nothing at all, not even the barest facts.
At its lowest level, the individual details of the story itself, the Temple Cleansing is composed of two basic strands, one of Markan redaction, the other of OT literary invention. The Temple Cleansing in part is taken from the story of Nehemiah and the Temple, and borrows from it two key details:
First, Jesus overturns the benches of the moneychangers, just
was displeased and threw Tobias' furniture out of the rooms that had
been given to him (Nehemiah 13:9). Troughton (2003, p14) writes:
In the next verse (13:9) Nehemiah returns the sacred vessels back to the rightful place, just as Jesus prevents the vessels from being moved out of the precincts (Mk 11:16). "Nehemiah 13.4-9 details the threat to the Temple cult through accommodation of "foreign influences," notes Troughton (2003, p6), clearly paralleled in Jesus' attack on the merchants as a den of robbers.
Further borrowing of details from the OT is apparent in the
that Jesus' utters: 'My house will be called a house of prayer for all
nations' But you have made it 'a den of robbers.' -- which
Isaiah and Jeremiah. The word "robbers" used here is better translated
as "insurrectionists." Some have seen a reference to the occupation of
the Temple by Jewish Zealots during the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE.
Jeremiah passage containing 7:11 Mark quoted in v17 is also quoted by
Ben Ananias in Book VI of Josephus Wars. Some
exegetes have argued that Jesus may be modeled after Jesus ben Ananias.
Earl Doherty (1999, p248-58) has identified other OT cites that may
the basis for this passage, including Malachi 3:1, Hosea 9:15, and
Of these, the most likely is Zech 14:21, a classic example of Markan hypertextuality, which is Temple-focused. There the nations of the world are pictured worshipping at the Jerusalem Temple. Further, Zech 14:4 will be cited later in the gospel. Numerous exegetes have linked Zech 14:21 to this passage (Duff 1992, p65). Krause (1994) has also detected the shaping hand of Hosea 9 behind the Fig Tree and Temple sequence. Note how the sequence contains both the fig tree and a driving out of individuals from the Temple.
The other details of the story are redaction of the author of Mark and contain no items of historical value.
At the next level, the level of intermediate structure, the
writer of Mark
using the OT. The story of Jesus closely parallels the Elijah-Elisha
in Kings. Thomas Brodie (1998, p92) explains. At the climax of the two
legend cycles, the Temple is cleansed (Jesus drives out the
Jehu kills the priests of Ba'al). Both are annointed (2 Kings 9),
with cloaks on the ground (2 Kings 9), wait before taking over (2
9:12-13, Mark 11:11), challenge the authorities (2 Kings 9:22-10:27),
11:11 - 12:12), and money given to the Temple (2 Kings 12:5-17, Mark
12:41-44). As Brodie puts it (p93):
At the highest level, the overall story structure, the writer
of Mark is
again relying on the Elijah-Elisha cycle. Jesus north-to-south movement
generally parallels the movements in the Elijah. Where Jesus departs
this movement, so does Elijah. As the EEC narrative approaches
so does Jesus, and the parallels intensify. A second narrative source
for this might well be 1 & 2 Maccabees, where in 11:1-9 the writer
parallels Simon's entry into Jerusalem in 1 Macc 13, and then in
11:15-19 he parallels the story of Onias III and the Temple vessels in
To sum up:
Markan redactional elements are obvious in "On reaching Jerusalem" (v15) and v18 (the conspiracy and crowd amazement) and v19. The whole passage is typical of the writer of Mark. "Overturning the tables" and "not permitting vessels to be carried out of the courts" are taken from Nehemiah. These two details would not be transmitted by oral tradition; they exhibit clear literary dependence. Hence, the writer of Mark had to have added them via OT construction. Jesus' words cite two different OT authors and cannot be oral transmission; they exhibit literary dependence. The use of the Elijah-Elisha narrative for both the plot of the current set of pericopes and the overall framework of Mark is another example of literary construction that could not have been transmitted. The entire "event" smacks of either Markan redaction or literary dependence on every level.
Here is the text broken out in detail:
A final knock against this is event is that Josephus does not
it, nor does Paul (neither Jesus' Temple Cleansing nor his predictions
of the Temple's destruction), nor, apparently, did Justus of Tiberias,
of Galilee (who does not mention Jesus at all). No source other than
Gospels mentions this event. Paula Fredrikensen (2002) notes:
In summary, although judgments of outright fiction are generally implied rather than stated in this commentary, here it is clear that what we are looking at is a fiction from the hand of the writer of Mark. The silence in the external sources, the presence of OT creation in what is generally considered the "historical information" in this pericope, the markers of the writer's redactive habits, the presence of literary structures that culminate the Elijah-Elisha Cycle in the Gospel of Mark, and the strong historical implausibility of this event indicate that there is no history whatsoever in this pericope.
|20: As they passed by in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered away to its roots. 21: And Peter remembered and said to him, "Master, look! The fig tree which you cursed has withered." 22: And Jesus answered them, "Have faith in God. 23: Truly, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, `Be taken up and cast into the sea,' and does not doubt in his heart,||but believes that what he says will come to pass, it will be done for him.24: Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours. 25: And whenever you stand praying, forgive, if you have anything against any one; so that your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses."|
|23: Truly, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, `Be taken up and cast into the sea,' and does not doubt in his heart, but believes that what he says will come to pass, it will be done for him.|
recalls Paul's words in 1 Cor 13:2.
Seeley (2000) observes:
This observation is also echoed by Duff (1992), who sees the mountain saying as further condemnation of the Temple.
|25: And whenever you stand praying, forgive, if you have anything against any one; so that your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses."|
|v25: This is the only time "your father in the heavens" occurs in Mark. Though it is attested in all manuscripts, it is mostly likely a marginal gloss that found its way into the text, since the language is Matthean rather than Markan (Ludemann 2001, p79).|
Thomas L. Thompson (2005) writes:
The commentary on prayer is set up by the supernatural events
fig tree. The idea of forgiveness of tresspasses was a common one in
antiquity. This pericope completes an A-B-A' chiasm set up by the
previous interaction with the fig tree. Because of the presence of the
supernatural and the banality of the injunction to forgive, as well as
the relationship to Paul, there is no
support for historicity in this pericope.
|27: And they came again to Jerusalem. And as he was walking in the temple, the chief priests and the scribes and the elders came to him, 28: and they said to him, "By what authority are you doing these things, or who gave you this authority to do them?" 29: Jesus said to them, "I will ask you a question; answer me, and I will tell you by what authority I do these things. 30: Was the baptism of John from heaven||or from men? Answer me." 31: And they argued with one another, "If we say, `From heaven,' he will say, `Why then did you not believe him?' 32: But shall we say, `From men'?" -- they were afraid of the people, for all held that John was a real prophet. 33: So they answered Jesus, "We do not know." And Jesus said to them, "Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things."|
|27: And they came again to Jerusalem. And as he was walking in the temple, the chief priests and the scribes and the elders came to him,|
|v27: it is implausible that Jesus is walking in the Temple, which two paragraphs ago he has just trashed.|
|30: Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men? Answer me."|
Note that Jesus refers to the baptism of John. Could the writer be
implying a double meaning? Recall that in Mark, baptism can mean
"sacrificial death." The writer seems, from the subsequent verses, to
be discussing the baptism John offered, not the one he was given by
Herod. But nevertheless, the double meaning is present.
This entire pericope consists of Markan redaction, with the
of chief priests, scribes, and elders out to get Jesus. It is highly
that determined enemies of Jesus would have accepted the answer given
11:33; it is unlikely therefore that an account of remembered history
simply have broken off without a far longer exchange. The exchange
shows a variant on the chreia form, in this case the teacher is shown
besting his adversaries with a clever question rather than a clever
This pericope begins a block of 5
stories that doubles the block of 5 controversy stories in Mark 2 and
3. It is also John the Baptist's last appearance in Mark.
The implausibility of the situation should become apparent if
one thinks about the political
sensitivity of the question Jesus has just asked: Jesus has just
queried the Jerusalem Temple leadership what they think of someone the
writer informed us 5 chapters ago was executed by Herod, the potentate
of the territory next door, who held his Tetrarchy by Roman largesse.
The writer of Mark seems unaware of the political
implications of having Jesus asking the Jewish authorities whether they
think a recently executed political
prisoner was a real prophet.
The focus instead is on the source of Jesus' authority.
Mark McVann (1994) reads this as an honor-shame conflict. The
Temple's honor, slandered by Jesus' Cleansing of it, must be avenged,
and so the authorities challenge Jesus hoping to impugn his status as a
true prophet, but instead Jesus shames them. McVann observes that Jesus
does this by referring to John's Baptism, which was as insulting to the
Temple as Jesus' own acts, since it represented a way for the people to
be brought into the community of God without the Temple structure as an
The Jesus Seminar (Funk et al 1997) observed:
This pericope is part of a structure that extends into the next chapter;
implausibility of the situation both from a political standpoint, and
the fact that Jesus has just trashed the Temple, as
well as the presence of several habitual features of the writer's
style, all indicate that there is no support for historicity in this
John Paul Heil (1997) writes:
I agree completely.
The writer of Mark has a powerful
focus on the Temple which he reveals in two ways. First, the writer
mentions the Temple in the text of the Gospel itself. The first of
twelve uses of word "Temple" in Mark comes in Mark 11:11, when Jesus
arrives in Jerusalem. This is followed by several mentions in Jesus'
cleansing of the Temple in Mark
11:15-19. In Mark
11:27-33 Jesus is pictured walking in the Temple. Again in Mark
12:35-44 the action takes place in the Temple. In Mark
13:1-31 Jesus makes his famous prophecy of the Temple's
destruction. More references follow in Jesus' arrest,
before the Jewish authorities, and crucifixion.
From Jesus' entrance into Jerusalem forward, the Temple is one of the
most important threads in Markan discourse.
If the reader returns to Malachi to see the context, the Temple is present:
The writer has cleverly located three important themes from the Gospel here: the coming of the messenger of the Lord, the convenant, and the Temple. However, in order to place them all together, the reader is required to return to the Old Testament to view the passage in context. If you read on to Malachi 3:2, there the coming of the messenger of the Lord is compared to a refiner's fire that will purge and purify.
In literary terms the Gospel of Mark is a hypertext, a text that is based on, yet transvalues, another text, termed the hypotext. A modern example is Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-5, which parallels the Gospels, but transvalues them. Instead of the dynamic Jesus rushing around Palestine healing the sick and raising the dead and bringing a message of the Kingdom of God, we have the helpless Billy Pilgrim, who takes no action on his own, has no control over his own miraculous abilities, and brings a message that there is nothing that we can do about life. In the Gospels Jesus dies and saves the world, but in Slaughterhouse-5 Billy Pilgrim lives and the world (Dresden) dies. Similarly, the Gospel of Mark is built off the Old Testament, but reconstructs and recontextualizes its citations to focus them on Jesus and on the events of the writer's time. One strong aspect of Markan hypertextuality is its relentless focus on the Temple in Jerusalem. It also contains citations that refer to plundered, destroyed, and occupied Temples and altars. Given this, the writer of Mark is most probably writing at a time after the Temple was destroyed.
Thomas L. Thompson (2005) highlights the importance of the "plundered Temple" theme for understanding Messianism:
This Temple-focus of Markan citations is found in many places in the Gospel of Mark. In Mark 4:1-20 the writer gives us one of the most famous and enigmatic passages in the Gospel, 4:11-12.
This passage parallels Isaiah 6:10 in the Septuagint:
If we go back to the context, however, we once again see the Temple.
The words that Jesus speaks are uttered by a voice in the Temple. Once again, when we return to the Old Testament, we find the Temple.
Sometimes the writer's Temple focus is not as obvious as in the citations above. Let's take a look at Mk 3:1-6.
This passage parallels 1 Kings 13:4-6:
If you start with the text from Mark, and return to the text from 1 Kings 13, you notice that while the action in Mark takes place in a synagogue, in 1 Kings it occurs in an altar. If you go back to the proceeding action in 1 Kings 13, you will see two interesting passages:
The man of God prophesies that the priests of the high places will die, as would come true in the writer of Mark's time when the Temple was destroyed. Note further that Jeroboam's sin, like the Romans', was to appoint "anyone who wanted" to be a priest. This led to the downfall of the kingdom, just as the Temple fell. This passage offers a Temple, but one that will be plundered and destroyed.
In Mark 12:1 the writer offers a different nod to the Temple. Here he opens the Parable of the Tenants with a quotation from Isaiah 5:
Compare this to Isaiah 5:
However, the reader will search in vain for a reference to the Temple in this passage. That is because the reference resides not in the text of Isaiah but in Jewish tradition: the tower represents the Temple, and the vat the Altar. As Heil (1997) reads the parable Jesus presents:
There is no way to know for sure, but perhaps the writer was probably not only familiar with the Jewish Torah, but also the traditional readings of it as well.
In the episode of the Temple Cleansing (Mk 11:15-19) the writer echoes Nehemiah 13:8-9 in describing Jesus' actions of overturning the furniture and stopping the vessels from leaving the Temple:
The action here is taking place in the Temple, making the Temple focus obvious, but there is an additional aspect: Tobiah is a foreigner. The Temple is occupied by a foreigner, perhaps once again a reference to political conditions in the time of the writer of Mark. Similarly, two verses later, in Mark 11:17, the writer gives us a double helping of his Temple-focused hypertextuality:
In 11: 17 the writer yokes together two diametrically opposed visions of the Temple. The first half of the passage is from Isaiah 56. It presents the Temple as an inclusive institution where God's promise even encompasses foreigners and outcasts. By contrast, the second half of the passage cites Jeremiah 7, a diatribe on the corruption of the Temple that foresees its destruction just as the previous shrine at Shiloh was destroyed. Both hypertextual themes, the Temple itself, and violence in and against it, are present in this passage.
These same themes of violence and plundered Temples crop out in other places in Mark. In The Sanhedrin Trial (Mark 14:53-65) the High Priest responds to Jesus' affirmation of his identity with:
This appears to recall the scene in 2 Kings 11:14 when Athaliah, the Queen, is standing at the Temple when the true king Josiah, who had been hidden there, is brought out. The full text runs:
Once again, we see the juxtaposition of familiar themes from Mark: the True King, the Temple, and violence. These same things may pop up again in Mark 16:5, whose young man has been identified with the heavenly young men in 2 Macc 3 who save the Temple from being plundered and destroyed.
Although in the Gospel of Mark the Temple rises to narrative prominence in the second half of the Gospel, through the use of a hypertextuality that is strongly Temple-focused, the writer of Mark makes its presence known throughout his Gospel.
||Home||Topical Index||Next Chapter
Commentary on the Gospel of Mark
|Chapter 1||Chapter 9||Home|
|Chapter 3||Chapter 11||Topical Index|
|Chapter 4||Chapter 12|
|Chapter 5||Chapter 13||References
|Chapter 6||Chapter 14|
|Chapter 7||Chapter 15||Contact Author
|Chapter 8||Chapter 16| | <urn:uuid:4a2eb874-25e2-4003-b5f8-7fc1cb4dba49> | 2013-05-27T02:55:32Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Happy New Year!
2006 is rapidly coming to a close, and the new year is almost upon us. Before I go home for the weekend I wanted to wish everyone:
Happy New Year!
Gutes Neues Jahr!
Feliz Año Nuevo!
С Новым годом!
To geek, or not to geek...
Like most of the computer-obsessed friends that I hang out with, I am often called a geek by the non-techie types that I have to interact with. (That list of non-techies includes my wife, by the way. ;-])
I wondered if that was a label that I should wear with pride, then I saw a great quote the other day:
"A Geek is someone who is passionate about some particular area or subject, often an obscure or difficult one."
Given my over-interest in computers, maybe the "Geek" title fits.
When discussing several subjects with some other geeks the other day, one of my friends asked, "Is it possible that there is anything that you're not a geek in?"
I had to give that some thought, but then I replied, "Shoes."
To be honest, I wear a set of sneakers just about everywhere. I wouldn't know a good set of dress shoes if they snuck up behind me and kicked me in the rear.
Maybe that's why I have such a hard time understanding why my wife owns 40 pairs of shoes... To me, I figure what's the point?
To be honest, I actually do own a couple of other pairs of shoes, but my wife bought them for me. When all is said and done, all I ever wear is the sneakers. (Even to church... ;-])
I think my wife buys my other shoes for me in the hopes that I will either: 1) empathize with her plight, 2) convert to the dark side, or 3) develop some form of shoe-fetish gland. I think the fact that I work for Microsoft has still escaped her.
I've told my daughters that I'm making them a simple deal: I'll wear a tuxedo for their weddings. If I foot the bill for the wedding, then I'm wearing sneakers with the tux. If they pay for their own wedding, then I'll wear whatever shoes they like.
Seems fair to me. ;-]
But the question remains, am I a socially hopeless cause? I hope not. (After all, I do get out a lot.)
Am I a geek? Hmm... I guess I should consider the old adage:
"If the shoe fits..."
Well, you know the rest. ;-]
Merry Christmas 2005!
Okay, it's a couple of days late because I took the past few days off to celebrate Christmas with my family, but I wanted to make sure that I wished everyone a Merry Christmas...! [:)] | <urn:uuid:17374105-bd64-44ba-802e-b7fd46a84399> | 2013-05-26T09:42:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Lance Armstrong's magnificent ride through the professional cycling world is over. Kaput. The disgraced seven-time Tour de France champion has admitted that he used performance enhancing drugs during his illustrious career.
Armstrong made his confession during an interview with talk show host Oprah Winfrey. He had already been stripped of his seven Tour titles and banned from the sport for life after an investigation disclosed systematic cheating and lying by Armstrong and some of his closest allies.
Armstrong had fiercely defended his personal and professional reputation for years, suing anyone who dared call him a cheater. In almost all cases, he won, at least in court. The court of public opinion was a difficult place for Armstrong following the investigation.
Now, it turns out, Armstrong was the liar and the cheater. He's lost endorsements worth millions, and there will no doubt be lawsuits against him from those he publicly called liars and organizations demanding he return appearance fees, bonuses and awards he won during his cycling career. Needless to say, he has much work ahead of him to make amends professionally and personally. His interview doesn't air until tonight and already there are calls from officials with the World Anti-Doping Agency for Armstrong to give a full confession under oath.
There's no sympathy here for Armstrong, who has earned every bit of retribution and financial punishment coming his way. It's a good start, but finally admitting that he cheated won't undo all the damage Armstrong has done to others throughout his career. | <urn:uuid:b2775a01-d7cd-483e-8a65-75033902e489> | 2013-05-27T02:54:46Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Bard's Tale takes place in the city of Skara Brae, which has been taken over by the evil wizard Mangar, who has brought an eternal winter over the city. Monsters roam the streets and it is dangerous to stay out in the streets at night.
Your mission is to lead your party of adventurers through the streets, sewers, dungeons, and towers of Skara Brae to search for a way to defeat Mangar.
Bard's Tale continued Wizardry
's 3-D perspective while adding a number of innovations such as more character classes, indoor and outdoor adventuring, and color graphics, among other things.
Part of the Following Groups
The Press Says
While most of the buildings are empty and exist only to increase the size of the map, entering the building directly across from the guild shows the game credits.
Though any direct connection to the game series, setting and characters is slight at best, an officially-licensed Bard's Tale
series of novels eight strong (!) were published by Baen Books over a six-year period in the '90s:
- Castle of Deception (1992), by Mercedes Lackey and Josepha Sherman;
- Fortress of Frost and Fire (1993), by Mercedes Lackey and Ru Emerson;
- The Chaos Gate (1994), by Josepha Sherman;
- Prison of Souls (1994), by Mercedes Lackey and Mark Shepherd;
- Thunder of the Captains (1996), by Holly Lisle and Aaron Allston;
- Wrath of the Princes (1997), by Holly Lisle and Aaron Allston;
- Escape from Roksamur (1997), by Mark Shepherd; and
- Curse of the Black Heron (1998), by Holly Lisle.
- Michael Cranford, a devout Christian, put many Biblical references into the first two Bard's Tale games. Most notable are a reference to the crucifixion in the first game and the Holy Spirit in the second. In fact, Cranford ended his video game career with the second game in the series and now programs web sites for religious groups.
- One of the more powerful shields in the game, the Ybarra shield, is in fact named after Joe Ybarra, a producer at Electronics Arts, who was directly involved with The Bard's Tale.
The original Skara Brae is a well-preserved Neolithic village located in the Orkney Islands of Scotland. The four thousand year old settlement was buried by encroaching sand dunes and uncovered a century ago when a storm exposed parts of the structures. Today it is a well known tourist site and undoubtedly inspired Michael Cranford (Bard's Tale
) and Richard Garriott
In the NES version, the post-death screen was removed, the word "kill" was avoided and all alcoholic beverages were replaced with non-alcoholic ones.
Information also contributed by
- Computer Gaming World
- March 1988 (Issue #45) – Introduced into the Hall of Fame
- November 1996 (15th Anniversary issue) - #89 on the "150 Best Games of All Time" list
- Happy Computer
- 1986 - Best Role Playing Game of the Year
- Issue 04/1987 - #2 Best Game in 1986 (Readers' Vote)
- Power Play
- 1987 - Best Atari ST Game '87 | <urn:uuid:d3737bc8-473e-4460-b65d-49049b9f0b63> | 2013-05-27T02:55:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Because of their white ancestry, members of the Hemings family have been negotiating the color line ever since they left Monticello. Many of Sally Hemings’s descendants, in particular, have had to continually assert or defend or adjust their racial identity in a society that insisted on a simple division into black or white. The hardening of racial attitudes by the beginning of the twentieth century into the so-called “one drop” rule made the situation ever more difficult.
While Sally Hemings’s son Eston and his family determined to live as white people in the mid-nineteenth century, most of her son Madison’s descendants continued to identify themselves as black, even though their appearance was racially ambiguous. For generations, they found spouses whose light complexions and Caucasian features matched their own. Only toward the end of the twentieth century, did they begin to resemble what one descendant called a “rainbow coalition.”
George (Jack) Pettiford’s moment of truth came when he was inducted into the Navy in World War II. When an official tried to put him in a white unit, he insisted that he serve with other blacks. As his widow, Jacqueline Pettiford, remembered, he kept being pushed toward the white side and had to keep going back to the black side, saying, ‘This is my line. I want to be what I am.’
Madison Hemings’s great-granddaughter Patricia Roberts was often questioned about her ethnicity and some people suggested, “You don't have to be black, you could be whatever you want.” Under no circumstance did she ever consider passing for white, she said. “That was the way we were brought up, to take pride in who we were.” Almost without exception, Hemings descendants interviewed for the Getting Word project—whatever they looked like—were proud to say, “I am black.”
"We spoke always about who we were"
Peggy Preacely describes her family's emphasis of their African American heritage.
Theme: Racial Identity | <urn:uuid:7b1a4b3e-53b6-44c7-b377-bf9e59bfc734> | 2013-05-26T09:43:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Jonathan Zehr Receives Major Award from Moore Foundation for Marine Microbiology Research
Aug. 9, 2004
The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation has selected Jonathan Zehr, professor of ocean sciences at UCSC, to receive more than $4 million over the next five years as a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator in marine science. The award will support Zehr's groundbreaking research on microorganisms that "fertilize" the oceans by converting nitrogen gas into a form that other organisms can use (a process called nitrogen fixation).
The award will support Zehr's groundbreaking research on microorganisms that "fertilize" the oceans by converting nitrogen gas into a form that other organisms can use (a process called nitrogen fixation).
The funding for Zehr and a handful of other investigators is part of a 10-year, $145 million Marine Microbiology initiative launched by the Moore Foundation this year. Marine microbiology (sometimes called microbial oceanography) is a rapidly expanding field that is commanding increasing attention as scientists learn more about marine microorganisms and the ways in which they influence the global environment.
Zehr's discovery of nitrogen fixation by certain kinds of marine microbes, for example, has implications for everything from the ecology of the open ocean to global warming. Because nitrogen is one of life's essential nutrients, nitrogen fixation helps determine how productive ocean waters can be. And because nitrogen stimulates the growth of marine algae, which absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow, nitrogen fixation is an important factor in determining how the ocean regulates and responds to global warming.
The new grant from the Moore Foundation will enable Zehr to increase his research efforts in this area.
"This is a particularly interesting area of research for me, and it has spawned a lot of general interest among other scientists because of its broad implications," Zehr said.
He added that the award will relieve him from the need to write grant proposals and allow him to focus more on his research activitites. "It's certainly going to change my life for awhile," he said.
In a study published in the journal Nature in 2001, Zehr and his colleagues used molecular screening techniques to identify several strains of single-celled organisms called cyanobacteria that are active nitrogen fixers. These microbes, isolated from a monitoring site in the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii, are abundant enough throughout the world's oceans that they may account for as much nitrogen fixation as all previously known nitrogen-fixers. Zehr said he suspects there are even more nitrogen-fixers waiting to be found in the open ocean.
Zehr has plans to use new approaches, including genomics and remote sensing technology, to gain more insights into microbial processes in the open ocean. The introduction of new instrumentation and powerful new molecular techniques has been an important factor behind the growing interest in marine microbiology, he said.
"We have already learned a lot about marine microorganisms from genomics, and it has become a very high profile area of research. I expect to see general interest in this area continuing to grow as more discoveries are made," Zehr said.
One of Zehr's collaborators, David Karl of the University of Hawaii, has also been selected as a Moore Foundation Investigator, along with two researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sallie Chisholm and Edward DeLong (who recently moved to MIT from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute).
David Kingsbury, director of marine science at the Moore Foundation, said that it was the foundation's goal to not only support the top scientists in marine microbiology, but to stimulate close collaborations between these scientists to even further accelerate progress in this key area of ocean research.
In addition to supporting these individual investigators, the Moore Foundation has provided a grant to the Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives to support a marine microbial sampling expedition in the Atlantic Ocean. The institute, headed by genome sequencing pioneer Craig Venter, is using techniques developed for sequencing the human genome to explore microbial diversity in the oceans.
The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation launched its 10-year Marine Microbiology initiative in April 2004, with the goal of attaining new knowledge regarding the composition, function, and ecological role of microbial communities in the world's oceans. Funding strategies include supporting Moore Foundation Investigators, linking scientists in related fields, establishing intern programs, and supporting select research projects that will affect ocean science as a whole.
The foundation was established in November 2000 by Intel cofounder Gordon Moore and his wife Betty to create positive outcomes for future generations. The foundation funds outcome-based grants and initiatives to achieve significant and measurable results. Grant making supports the foundation's principal areas of concern: environmental conservation, science, higher education, and the San Francisco Bay Area.### | <urn:uuid:f66fac11-5c20-43bf-b2cf-f7627ce02d18> | 2013-05-26T09:42:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Live in Santiago 4th November 2004 - CD 2
Thanks a lot for this, really appreciated. (again, sorry, bit naggy....) do you have any front or back covers for this bootleg?
Great quality, by the way, thanks again!
Great post! Stunning quality! Thank you so much.... | <urn:uuid:564a4a7c-7142-4703-8071-39c576b9d4f5> | 2013-05-27T02:54:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Raikkonen's F1 start was with Sauber in 2001 when he tested for the team after his successful results in other championships. Critics voiced concerns over granting an F1 Super Licence to such as experienced driver but after a solid debut year Sauber had its best result of forth place in the constructors championship.
From 2002-06 Kimi joined McLaren taking over from fellow Finn Mika Hakkinen, he scored a third place podium finish in his first race with McLaren during the 2002 Australian Grand Prix.
At the opening of the 2003 qualified 15th in the spare car, he also took a speeding penalty caused by a software error but managed to finish 3rd. In Malaysia Kimi had his first Grand Prix win after starting 7th on the grid The same year in Brazil Kimi was declared the winner after the race was stopped on lap 55. A week later evidence emerged that Fisichella was on lap 56 when the race was stopped therefore the winner was decided at lap 54. This granted the win to Fisichella with Raikkonen 2nd.
The 2004 season began with Raikkonen only claiming a single point in the first seven races. His McLaren, especially the Mercedes engine, suffered repeated breakdowns, allowing him to complete just two of the first seven events. After seven rounds Raikkonen had only one point to Michael Schumacher's 60. In Canada, Raikkonen made 5 pit-stops but was classified 5th since the Williams-BMWs and the two Toyotas were disqualified. At the United States Grand Prix, Raikkonen finished 6th.
At the French Grand Prix, McLaren rolled out the new MP4-19B. Raikkonen finished 7th behind his team-mate, David Coulthard. At Silverstone, Raikkonen took pole and went on to finish second behind Michael Schumacher. Following on from this encouraging display, the McLarens qualified on the 2nd row of the grid in Germany. Both cars got off to a good start, however Raikkonen lost his rear wing on lap 13 of the race while following race leader Michael Schumacher. He retired again from the Hungarian Grand Prix after starting from 10th place on the grid, again on lap 13. At the Belgian Grand Prix, Raikkonen qualified 10th, but took the lead on lap 11 and held on to it to take McLaren's only win of the season. He also took the fastest lap. The next weekend at Monza, Raikkonen again retired on lap 13, this time owing to electrical problems. At the next race in China, he finished 3rd, only 1.4 seconds behind race winner Rubens Barrichello.
At the Japanese Grand Prix, Raikkonen was shunted by Felipe Massa on the first lap of the race, which caused him handling problems. He later managed to make up some ground: he finished 6th, 2.5 seconds behind Alonso. At the last race of the season, the Brazilian Grand Prix, he overtook pole sitter Barrichello, even before they had reached Curva De Sol. Raikkonen later battled Montoya for the lead and finished 1 second behind him in 2nd. Raikkonen ended the year seventh, with 45 points, only one behind sixth placed Jarno Trulli, and four podiums.
Despite the disappointment of the 2004 season, Raikkonen was still seen as one of the rising stars of the sport, along with BAR's Button, Renault's Alonso and 2005 McLaren teammate Montoya. Many pundits predicted 2005 to be filled with great on-track battles from a resurgent team. He was also referred to by Ross Brawn and Jean Todt as a driver whom Ferrari might consider in the future. In early November 2004, Raikkonen announced his intention to create a racing team with his manager Steve Robertson, to be entitled Raikkonen Robertson Racing (otherwise known as "Double R"), which would compete in Formula Three in 2005.
Raikkonen's start to the 2005 season season was less than perfect. The car was reported to be too soft on its Michelin tyres, with the result that it was not generating enough heat to post competitive qualifying times - after 7 wins including Belgium, Monaco, Canada, Japan and Hungary he received the F1 Racing "Driver of the Year" accolade and Autosports "International Driver of the Year" award.
At the start of 2006 Raikkonen suffered electronic problems during the Friday practice and a rear suspension breakage during the first qualifying session starting 22nd on the grid - nevertheless he drove through the field ending 3rd behind Alonso.
The British Grand Prix at Silverstone saw Raikkonen qualify second behind Alonso and in front of Michael Schumacher. The running order was Alonso, Raikkonen, Schumacher until the second set of pitstops where Raikkonen was demoted to third by Schumacher, a position he held until the end of the race. In Canada, Raikkonen achieved another podium. In the United States Grand Prix, his teammate punted him out in an expensive seven car accident. The French Grand Prix saw Raikkonen qualify his car in sixth. His teammate was now former test driver Pedro de la Rosa in place of Montoya. Raikkonen ended the race in fifth. In Germany, Raikkonen qualified on pole. After a battle with Jenson Button, he finished the race for the first time in his career, ending in third place. Another pole came in Hungary, but he collided with Vitantonio Liuzzi after 25 laps, causing his fourth retirement of the season.
After the 2006 Italian Grand Prix, Ferrari announced that Raikkonen had signed a three-year contract with Scuderia Ferrari for the 2007–2009 seasons. Raikkonen said after the move that he was very happy with this change of events but wished McLaren the best of luck in the future. He became the teammate to Brazilian Felipe Massa, who had been driving for Ferrari since 2006. Following the retirement of Michael Schumacher and his new deal with Ferrari, Raikkonen was estimated to be the highest paid driver in F1, with a base salary reportedly worth $51 million annual.
Near the end of the 2009 season, Ferrari announced that Raikkonen would be leaving the team, despite having a contract to race for them in 2010. He would be replaced by Fernando Alonso.He was expected to return to McLaren alongside Lewis Hamilton but negotiations with the team failed. Raikkonen was linked to Mercedes GP but the team eventually signed Michael Schumacher and Nico Rosberg. Toyota F1, before it pulled out of Formula One, offered Raikkonen a driving contract to replace Timo Glock in 2010. The BBC reported that he refused the contract owing to wanting to drive a race-winning car, not to mention Toyota not offering a large enough salary.
On 17 November 2009, his manager Steve Robertson confirmed that Raikkonen would not drive in Formula One in the 2010 season.But during 2010 itself, rumours emerged once again about another possible Raikkonen comeback this time with the Renault team in 2011. This followed a resurgence in Renault's form, and the fact that the Russian Vitaly Petrov had yet to be re-signed like team-mate Robert Kubica. Team principal Éric Boullier claimed he had been contacted by Raikkonen in connection with a possible return, but said that although he was flattered by Raikkonen's alleged display of interest:
In the week before the 2011 Singapore Grand Prix, several news sources reported that Raikkonen was eyeing a return to Formula One for the 2012 season with Williams F1 after he was spotted at the team's headquarters in Grove, Oxfordshire. Several reports went so far as to suggest that Raikkonen had entered preliminary negotiations with the team. However, the team refused to comment on the reports, with driver Rubens Barrichello dismissing them as rumour and speculation. On 29 November 2011, it was announced that Raikkonen would be returning to Formula 1 in 2012, signing a two-year contract with Lotus.
On 29 October 2012, Lotus F1 team confirmed that Raikkonen would be racing with the team in 2013. The news came after several weeks of speculation that Raikkonen had several other options for 2013 including other forms of motorsport. On 17 March 2013 he won the first race of the season, the Australian Grand Prix despite starting from 7th, thanks to a two-pitstop strategy, and he also set the fastest lap of the race on lap 56. He described the victory as one of his easiest races | <urn:uuid:290329fd-3684-44b7-9aa1-5bf7204e2e1e> | 2013-05-26T09:41:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Momsen said she's been talking about it so much that finally having it out is still kind of unbelievable.
"It doesn't exactly feel real yet. I've been talking about it for a long time," she told MTV News. "I'm very excited for people to hear it."
Momsen has had a big task as she pushes to get people to hear the album. She needs to somehow convince the world that she isn't just another starlet thinking it might be cool to release an album. For her, music is what it's really all about.
"It's still something I have to overcome," she explained. "I don't think it's fully transitioned. I would consider myself a musician that also acts. I've been writing songs since I was 5. It's the thing that I chose for myself. I wasn't put into it. I made the decision and couldn't live without it, and hopefully people will give the record a chance and they'll hear that. They'll hear that it's not some side vanity project [but] that I really, really worked on it for a long time, really my whole life."
While many of her peers in La La Land have opted to release more top 40-friendly tunes, Momsen has embraced grunge alt.
"I wouldn't have ever put out a dance record and probably never will," she said. "I think there's a place for all types of music, but it's not my cup of tea.
"I love classic rock," she continued. "What I love about music is I love playing. That's what I loved about music to begin with; that's what I fell in love with. It was the rawness and hearing the imperfections and having the imperfections be what makes it so unique and honest. I really wanted to make an honest record. That was the outlook that kept me sane and honest."
Out of the 11 tracks on the record, Momsen said she can't really nail down her favorite. "I think there's something for everyone on the record," she said. "There was no real formula to the way that we wrote. It's hard to define that, but 'Make Me Wanna Die' [is my favorite song] if I had to pick one. It was the first song written for the record, so it kind of defined the direction." | <urn:uuid:50d338c8-65fd-49ba-b7e8-7a7e0b58978c> | 2013-05-26T09:44:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Gabriel Pierné is perhaps best known now
for being the director of the Concerts Colonne from 1910 to
1934. But his long career included such varied roles as virtuoso
pianist, organist at St. Clotilde in Paris in succession to
César Franck, and composer.
As a composer Pierné
was solidly academic, reflecting the teaching of his masters.
His music encompasses Massenet’s melodic elegance and Franck’s
vast, solid constructions. Rather surprisingly as a conductor
his taste was far more eclectic and the Concerts Colonne were
responsible for promoting a wide variety of composers including
premieres of music by Stravinsky, Debussy, Ravel, Roussel, Milhaud,
Ibert and Saint-Saëns.
(The Year 1000) was written in 1897 when the composer was on
holiday in Brittany. It is a large-scale symphonic poem in three
parts. The highly detailed programme is intended to evoke the
terror of the Christian world at the end of the first millennium
when the apocalypse was expected. It was premiered by Edouard
Colonne and his orchestra and was a great success. It led Pierné
into writing further religion-based works, despite the fact
that he was not particularly devout.
It is the ghost
of Franck that the work evokes. Not only does Pierné repeat
Franck’s use of cyclical form, thus ensuring the work’s homogeneity,
but he also reflects Franck’s symphonic sound-world. Though
written for orchestra and chorus the piece is in no way a choral
symphony, the chorus are simply one colour among many. The work’s
three sections are entitled Miserere Mei, Fête des
fous et de l’ane and Te Deum and Pierné uses a number
of themes with Gregorian chant origins. Though a large-scale
and rather lush work, the composer manages to introduce a strong
feeling of the austerity of the period. Where the piece falls
down, is in the middle section where the Feast of Fools is simply
too tame, albeit beautifully orchestrated.
and the Orchestre National de Lorraine give a fine account of
the work, responding well to the slightly old-fashioned orchestral
style. The performance is suave and well fashioned; you could
believe that the orchestra has been playing this music for years.
The chorus does not sound exceptionally large, but they are
apt to their task and a provide a nice focused tone though they
often seem recessed.
In 1915, whilst
Europe was in the midst of war, Sarah Bernhardt reopened her
theatre in the Place du Chatelet in Paris to present Eugene
Morand’s dramatic poem Les Cathédrales with incidental
music by Pierné. Pierné had already collaborated with the actress
on a number of theatrical works. This event was conceived as
a great lament in the face of the horror of war, evoking the
disfiguring of the great cathedrals and countryside of France.
Pierne wrote eight musical pieces for the work, the longest
by far being the prelude which was conceived for orchestra and
chorus. Again the work evokes Franck and inhabits a similar
world to L’An Mil.
The final work on
the disc, Paysages Franciscains, was written in Brittany
in 1918. It was inspired by a reading of Franciscan Pilgrimages
by the Danish poet and writer Johannes Jorgensen, giving impressions
of his visits to Assisi in the footsteps of St. Francis. The
work was first performed at the Concerts Colonne in 1920 under
the composer’s baton.
In these sketches
of warm Italian landscapes Pierné has moved on from the influence
of Franck to that of Debussy. Here we have some impressive Impressionist
touches worthy of the recently deceased Debussy. It is unclear
whether the work was a deliberate homage by Pierné or simply
reflected his compositional development. The results show his
mastery, without ever matching Debussy’s particular genius.
This is a well put
together disc, with impressive performances of some of Pierné’s
most significant orchestral works. While his writing is never
less than interesting and sophisticated, he lacks the spark of
genius possessed by those contemporaries whom he promoted. But
this should not stop us enjoying this fascinating disc. | <urn:uuid:bf018528-6c7a-43d1-8e2d-835ff4890782> | 2013-05-26T09:35:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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James Franco Birth Chart | My Astrology Horoscope
James Franco Birth Chart Horoscope
Real Name : James Franco
Birth Date: April 19,1978
Birth Place: Palo Alto ( CA)USA
Birth Time: 12:00:00
James Franco Birth Chart
James Franco's birth chart is a 'map' detailing the positioning of the planets in the Signs at the specific moment of James Franco's birth. This James Franco Birth chart is made by using the James Franco's place, date and time of birth as the data source. This birth chart, which is also called as natal chart, shows the positions of the stars at the time of birth in the place James Franco was born in. The planets in the birth chart decide what kind of a person the James Franco will be in his life? What would be James Franco's nature? Will James Franco be rich? Will James Franco be famous? Everything is decided at the time of individual's birth by the birth chart and this also reveals the same for James Franco.
Disclaimer: This Natal Chart is based on the information available on Wikipedia. In the absence of the time of birth, the chart is made by assuming 12 Noon as the time.
Celebrity Of The Day
Sharing Birthday With James Franco | <urn:uuid:6c3c32e4-31d0-496a-820a-d96d68035532> | 2013-05-26T09:36:25Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Your Perfect Holiday is just few clicks away!
Check out new Real Time Booking system. Book your stay in just few simple steps!
Island of Santorini, Greece
A complete travel guide of the island of Santorini, which is full of usefull information and contains offers for your vacation on the island of Santorini, where you can enjoy the crystal clear sea under an unforgettable sunshine with the warm welcome of the people of Greece.
The Best Attractions of Santorini
Here is a list of the best attractions on the island of Santorini: beaches, villages, museums and sites you should not miss!
Hotels - Apartments
GETTING TO SANTORINI
Here is a list of flights to/from Santorini, including cheap flights. Also, you can take a ferry to Santorini and the other islands of Greece!
RENT A CAR
The best way to enjoy your trip on the island of Santorini is to rent a car. Discover our great offers on car rentals and save money!
Tourist Guide of Santorini, Greece:
On the island of Santorini you will find a wide range of beaches with crystal clear sea. Take a look at our list with the best beaches of Santorini!
On the island of Santorini there is a wide range of villages, some of them became tourist and commercial centers.
Here is a list of the best restaurants and tavernas on the island of Santorini, where you can taste the specialties of the place.
On Santorini you will find the following museums and attractions worth a visit!
Map of Santorini | <urn:uuid:071ea235-7888-439b-bc29-998090106d92> | 2013-05-26T09:35:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Why not see what your family crest could look like based on your own family characteristics?
- First enter your family name.
- Then enter your family motto. Don't have one? Be creative!
- Choose two crest colours based on the family characteristics offered. Remember if you choose the same qualities for both colours it will be the same colour!
- Choose a shield based on the family characteristics offered.
- Choose an icon based on the family characteristics offered.
- Enjoy your new family crest! Right click on your mouse to save your new family crest.
Have you done something cool with your crest?
Send us your photos of how you used your newly purchased family crest and enter a prize draw for a $30 Amazon voucher.
Coat of arms history
Traditional family crests stemmed from heraldic arms, also known as coat of arms or armorial bearings.
Heraldic arms were common throughout Europe in the Middle Ages (the 1000 years between the 5th and the 16th century).
Historically heraldic arms were a design belonging to a particular person or group of people. These designs tended to be used by knights and noble men to identify them apart from enemy soldiers. In such traditions these coat of arms were passed from father to son or from wife to daughter.
Over time the use of such crests moved from the military to families, regions and other institutions such as educational institutions.
In times past your own family ancestors would have approached a heraldic artist or officer of arms to design your family crest. You can do a family search using marriage records and obituaries, or obits, to learn more about your ancestry and the origins of your family crest. Your ancestors would have chosen attributes of that family that the officer of arms would depict in the family crest. These attributes would tend have been depicted through various shield designs, colour(s) and symbols, known as ‘charges’, such as animals and plant designs. | <urn:uuid:63836ad5-bf3b-4585-ad04-f19dca6986c4> | 2013-05-27T02:55:43Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online
readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML.
Please use the page image
as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy.
Defending Planet Earth: Near-Earth-Object Surveys and Hazard Mitigation Strategies
or regional effects near the time and place of the impact, but could include, for large impacts, global climate change or tsunamis. But how large an impact and what kind of impact could cause these effects is still uncertain. A research program is needed to address all of these issues in order to assess and quantify the risks associated with the NEO impact hazard.
The ability to mitigate the impact hazard, or even to define appropriate strategies for mitigating the hazard, likewise depends on the acquisition of the new knowledge and understanding that could be gained through a research program. Even if the only viable mitigation approach to an impending impact is to warn the population and to evacuate, better information is needed for making sound decisions. Under what conditions should warning be provided and when, and who should evacuate? If, however, there are available active mitigation options, like changing the orbit of an impactor, again better information is needed: One must be able to predict with confidence the response of an impactor to specific forms of applied forces, impacts of various types and speeds, or various types of radiant energy, such as x rays. The required information goes beyond the basic physical characterization that determines the size and mass of the impactor and includes surface and subsurface compositions, internal structures, and the nature of their reactions to various inputs.
Just as the scope of earthquake research is not limited only to searching for and monitoring earthquakes, the scope of NEO hazard mitigation research should not be limited to searching for and detecting NEOs. A research program is a necessary part of an NEO hazard mitigation program. This research should be carried out in parallel with the searches for NEOs, and it should be broadly inclusive of research aimed at filling the gaps in present knowledge and understanding so as to improve scientists’ ability to assess and quantify impact risks as well as to support the development of mitigation strategies. This research needs to cover several areas discussed in the previous chapters of this report: risk analysis (Chapter 2), surveys and detection of NEOs (Chapter 3), characterization (Chapter 4), and mitigation (Chapter 5). The committee stresses that this research must be broad in order to encompass all of these relevant and interrelated subjects.
Recommendation: The United States should initiate a peer-reviewed, targeted research program in the areaof impact hazard and mitigation of NEOs. Because this is a policy-driven, applied program, it should not bein competition with basic scientific research programs or funded from them. This research program shouldencompass three principal task areas: surveys, characterization, and mitigation. The scope should includeanalysis, simulation, and laboratory experiments. This research program does not include mitigation spaceexperiments or tests that are treated elsewhere in this report.
Some specific topics of interest for this research program are listed below. This list is not intended to be exhaustive:
Analyses and simulations of ways to optimize search and detection strategies using ground-based or space-based approaches or combinations thereof (see Chapter 3);
Studies of distributions of warning times versus sizes of impactors for different survey and detection approaches (see Chapter 2);
Studies of the remote-sensing data on NEOs that are needed to develop useful probabilistic bases for choosing active-defense strategies when warning times of impacts are insufficient to allow a characterization mission (see Chapter 4);
Concept studies of space missions designed to meet characterization objectives, including a rendezvous and/or landed mission and/or impactors;
Concept studies of active-defense missions designed to meet mitigation objectives, including a test of mitigation by impact with the measurement of momentum transfer efficiency to the target (see Chapter 5);
Research to demonstrate the viability, or not, of using the disruption of an NEO to mitigate against an impact;
The technological development of components and systems necessary for mitigation;
Analyses of data from airbursts and their ground effects as obtained by dedicated networks, including military systems and fireball (brighter than average meteor) observations; also analyses and simulations to assess | <urn:uuid:1c8537b6-85fc-4358-8e69-44ca13424579> | 2013-05-26T09:36:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana Judicial Codes
Approved: 1998; Last amended: 2004
No. 99 - 01
Initiation of Procedure for Future Withdrawals from Minor's Trust fund
WHEREAS, the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana ("the Tribe") is a sovereign Indian Nation and is recognized as such by the United States of America; and
WHEREAS, the Coushatta Tribal Council is the duly elected governing body of the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana; and
WHEREAS, an inherent part of sovereignty is providing a means to carry out the programs of the Tribe that are designed to provide for the needs of the Coushatta Tribal members; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, 25 U.S.C. § 2710(b)(2) and Council Resolution No. 95-4, trusts were established for the Coushatta Tribe Minors in 1995 and are established on a continuing basis; and
WHEREAS, Article III(D) of each such Trust Agreement allows the Trustee, at the direction of the Tribal Council, "to disburse from the Trust corpus, any of the Trust estate . . , such amounts as the Tribal Council may deem advisable, to provide adequately and properly for the health, education, maintenance and support of the Beneficiary"; and
WHEREAS, the Coushatta Tribal Council enacted a Revenue Allocation Plan that provides that if a parent or guardian of a minor child requires a disbursement from such minor child's Trust Fund for the health, education maintenance and support of the minor child, the parent or guardian must apply to the Tribal Court for a ruling on the need for such disbursement; and
WHEREAS, the Coushatta Tribal Council recognizes that all parents of minor children occasionally require access to funds to meet the needs of the minor child for items such as clothes, school supplies or other items; and
WHEREAS, the Coushatta Tribal Council has determined that a parent or guardian of a minor child will likely require funds from the child's Minor Trust Fund and that $2000 per year, available in two installments per year of $l000 each, will be the maximum amount deemed necessary as a matter of Tribal Law, to provide adequately and properly for the health, education, maintenance and support of the minor child;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Coushatta Tribal Council hereby declares a policy and enacts a procedure whereby a parent or guardian of a minor child may request a maximum distribution of up to $2000 per year, in two installments of $1000 each (one in August and one in December or as the Council deems advisable), and that each request will be submitted to the Tribal Council for its review and recommendation. Any request for a disbursement of amounts beyond the $2000 per calendar year shall be submitted to the Judge of the Coushatta Tribal Council, who shall make a determination regarding the minor child's need for additional funds and the parent or guardian's justification for requesting additional funds.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Tribal Court shall require a written justification for the request, including a detailed budget of expenses, and may request such receipts, documentation or other evidence that the Court deems advisable and may require the petitioning parent or guardian to account for previous distributions. If the Tribal Court determines that good cause for such further distribution exists, the Court shall issue a court order to that effect which may include a written opinion by the Court.
was duly acted upon by the following Council Members at a meeting held
on January 5, 1998, with a quorum present.
LOVELIN PONCHO - Chairman | <urn:uuid:c5852a4c-d44e-4856-bdcc-fad927fd97ff> | 2013-05-27T02:56:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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NaturallyCurly has developed a hair typing system to help you manage and love your textured hair, whether it's wavy, curly or kinky. Knowing your specific hair type will help you customize your experience here at NaturallyCurly - you'll be able to get product reviews, tips and other information just for you, based on your hair type. Taking a few moments to determine your hair type is important and will help us help you love your textured hair even more!
Straight hair has no bend, wave or curl to it. It is flat and hangs straight down from the scalp. It is often very shiny. Some straight hair is easy to curl with heat appliances, while some is more resistant to curling.
Type 2a is gently, slightly "s" waved hair that sticks close to the head; it won't bounce up, even when it is layered. 2a hair tends to be fine, thin and very easy to handle. It is also generally easily to straighten or curl. Type 2a hair tends to have quite a bit of sheen. Your best bet is to use lighter products such as mousses, lotions or gels that enhance the curls, but don't weigh them down.
With this hair type, the wave or curl forms throughout the hair in the shape of the letter "s". Type 2b hair sticks close to the head; it won't bounce up, even when it is layered. Type 2b hair often has a nice sheen. It has a bit more wave in it than Type 2a has. This hair type is a little resistant to styling, and it has a tendency to frizz. Use lighter products such as mousses or gels that enhance the curls, but don't weigh them down.
Type 2c is thicker, coarser wavy hair that is composed of a few more actual curls, as opposed to just waves. Type 2c hair tends to be more resistant to styling and will frizz easily. Type 2 wavies tend to use a lot of gel to style and manage frizz. Many with 2c hair have an underlayer of straight hair, while others have an underlayer that’s more ringlet-y and curly.
Type 3a curls show a definite loopy "S" pattern. Curls are well-defined and springy. Curls are naturally big, loose and often very shiny. 3a curls' circumference are sidewalk-chalk size. Generally, this hair type can be easily straightened. Type 3a hair is very much affected by the climate. Type 3 curlies can use a variety of styling products to achieve curl formation and definition.
People with Type 3b hair have well-defined, springy, copious curls that range from bouncy ringlets to tight corkscrews. 3b curls' circumference are Sharpie size. Type 3b hair can be straightened, but it’s definitely a chore. Type 3b hair generally isn’t particularly shiny and its texture can be quite coarse. Gels and creams work best to reduce frizz and add definition.
Type 3c hair has voluminous, tight curls in corkscrews, approximately the circumference of a pencil or straw. The curls can be either kinky, or very tightly curled, with lots and lots of strands densely packed together. Getting this type of hair to blow dry straight is more challenging than for 3a or 3b, but it usually can be done. The very tight curls are usually fine in texture.
Type 4a is tightly coiled hair that has an "S" pattern. It has more moisture than 4b; it has a definite curl pattern. The circumference of the spirals is close to that of a crochet needle. The hair can be wiry or fine-textured. It is very fragile with lots of strands densely packed together. Type 4 hair has fewer cuticle layers than other hair types, which means it has less natural protection from damage.
Type 4b has a "Z" pattern, less of a defined curl pattern. Instead of curling or coiling, the hair bends in sharp angles like the letter "Z". Type 4 hair has a cotton-like feel. The hair is very wiry, very tightly coiled or bent and very, very fragile; you must take great care when working with it. Type 4 hair can range from fine/thin to wiry/coarse with lots and lots of strands densely packed together. Type 4b hair often shrinks up to 75% of the actual hair length.
Type 4c hair is composed of curl patterns that will almost never clump without doing a specific hair style. It can range from fine/thin/super soft to wiry/coarse with lots of densely packed strands. 4c hair has been described as a more "challenging" version of 4b hair. Some say 4c looks identical to 4b except that the curls are so tightly kinked, there is seemingly no definition. 4c hair can shrink more than 75%.
I don't know what my hair type is just yet. As soon as I have time to learn more about hair types, I'll come back and let you know so I can get customized information just for me and my beautifully textured hair. | <urn:uuid:78936ee6-ae0c-464e-a3e5-f8715e4ccbe6> | 2013-05-26T09:43:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Zynga first announced its plans to release Mafia Wars 2 a few weeks ago but at the time no details were given out other than it would be a full 3D game. Today Venture Beat reports that more information about the game has now been revealed, along with word that the sequel to the 2008 Facebook game about running your own organized crime syndicate would officially launch in a few weeks and with support for 16 languages. The first Mafia Wars game had a monthly active player base of 45 million back in 2010 but has now gone down to just 4.4 million monthly gamers.
Mafia Wars 2 will actually include a storyline this time. Indeed, the game will come with a digital comic book that tells your player character's back story. As the game actually begins, that character is just getting out of jail and heads to Las Vegas. He's been given permission by the local mob bosses to launch his own gang in Sin City. You build up your empire by creating casinos and collecting cash. You can also get cash by selling the products that are found in "grow houses".
Combat in the game will be in real time as your character's minions attack AI controlled enemies. In addition, you can engage in battles with online enemies to take their money and burn down their buildings. You also can have online friends that can help you out by defending your crime empire and even help repair any damage that your buildings receive. Players level up to gain access to new weapons, items and vehicles. As with other Zynga games, players can also pay real money to gain access to virtual items. | <urn:uuid:c79c7c0c-234e-4af8-992f-2fbd04a6beff> | 2013-05-26T09:35:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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First Issue #1 - September 1963
Last #402 - September 1996
Continued in Avengers (1996 series)
Avengers comic books were Marvel comic books' first super-hero group. Many of the early issues were reprinted in "Marvel Triple Action".
Known for their rallying cry "Avengers Assemble!" and the nickname of "Earth's Mightiest Heroes", the team originally featured Ant-Man, Wasp, Thor, Iron Man, and the Hulk, all of whom were established superheroes. A rotating roster has been their hallmark, and the Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, Hawkeye, Vision, Black Widow, and the team's leader, Captain America have had long histories with the Avengers.
In Marvel's 'Ultimate' line of comics, the team was known as the "Ultimates". | <urn:uuid:4a15728d-c3d6-4689-a0df-18ab1d861804> | 2013-05-26T09:44:17Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Man convicted in 2009 robbery, shooting
A 29-year-old Jacksonville man was convicted Wednesday afternoon on charges of attempted murder, armed robbery and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon.
In July 2009, Dontay Lester met John Albritton at Club Cash on University Boulevard. Shortly after meeting, the two men decided to leave the club and buy cigars.
As Lester and Albritton were driving back to Club Cash, Lester pulled out a gun, robbed Albritton, and shot him three times in the chest and once in the arm.
Days after the shooting, Albritton's father was at Club Cash and spotted Lester, who was wearing the jewelry he stole from the victim. Jacksonville police made contact with Lester at the club and arrested him.
Lester faces mandatory life in prison. He will be sentenced the week of March 18.
Albritton has recovered from his injuries.
Copyright 2013 by News4Jax.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | <urn:uuid:ef9bbcf6-23aa-4866-9095-dcfee2c3cdc5> | 2013-05-26T09:44:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Amy Winehouse was a great singer—when sober—who changed pop music and still had her best years ahead of her, say music critics as they eulogize the troubled pop star. "Without Amy, there would have been no Adele, no Duffy, and no Lady Gaga," writes Adrian Thrills in the Daily Mail, adding, "she was without question the outstanding vocalist of her generation." Thrills especially praises Back to Black, saying that "nothing has come close to packing the sheer emotional punch" of Winehouse's famous second album. "Rooted in emotional turmoil, it will go down as one of the classic British albums."
"At her sober best, Winehouse displayed a rich and resonant instrument, emotive enough for soul but skilled enough for jazz," writes Jim Farber in the New York Daily News. Farber also focuses on Back to Black, calling it "pitch perfect," "an ideal batch of neo-soul songs, sounding as warm as its '60s reference points, yet enlivened by a current sensibility." He muses, like Thrills, that Winehouse influenced other singers including Duffy, Rumer, and Adele. Now, however, everyone is left to wonder if Winehouse's long-rumored third album will ever be released. Click for more Winehouse appreciation, or watch her last public appearance. | <urn:uuid:72ba07cf-be66-4b9c-8fcd-adc3fa3a7772> | 2013-05-26T09:43:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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61.1. Statement of the Principle of Typification. Each nominal taxon in the family, genus or species groups has actually or potentially a name-bearing type. The fixation of the name-bearing type of a nominal taxon provides the objective standard of reference for the application of the name it bears.
61.1.1. No matter how the boundaries of a taxonomic taxon may vary in the opinion of zoologists the valid name of such a taxon is determined [Art. 23.3] from the name-bearing type(s) considered to belong within those boundaries.
61.1.2. Objectivity provided by typification is continuous through the hierarchy of names. It extends in ascending order from the species group to the family group. Thus the name-bearing type of a nominal species-group taxon is a specimen or a set of specimens (a holotype, lectotype, neotype or syntypes [Art. 72.1.2]), that of a nominal genus-group taxon is a nominal species defined objectively by its type; that of a nominal family-group taxon is the nominal genus on which its name is based.
61.1.3. Once fixed, name-bearing types are stable and provide objective continuity in the application of names. Thus the name-bearing type of any nominal taxon, once fixed in conformity with the provisions of the Code, is not subject to change except in the case of nominal genus-group taxa as provided in Article 70.3.2, of nominal species-group taxa as provided in Articles 74 and 75, and by use of the plenary power of the Commission [Art. 81].
61.2. Name-bearing types of nominotypical taxa. The name-bearing type of a nominal taxon is also the name-bearing type of its nominotypical taxon [Arts. 37.1, 44.1, 47.1], and the fixation of a name-bearing type for one constitutes fixation for the other also.
61.2.1. If different name-bearing types are fixed simultaneously for a nominal taxon and for its nominotypical taxon, the fixation for the taxon at higher rank takes precedence.
61.3. Name-bearing types and synonymy.
61.3.1. If nominal taxa with different name-bearing types are referred to a single taxonomic taxon, their names are subjective synonyms at the rank of that taxon (but need not be synonyms at a subordinate rank).
Example. The different name-bearing types of Psittacus elegans Gmelin, 1788 and Platycercus flaveolus Gould, 1837 are considered to belong to a single taxonomic species of rosella parrot of which Platycercus elegans (Gmelin, 1788) is the valid name. Although the names are subjective synonyms at the rank of species, they are not synonyms at the subordinate rank of subspecies of Platycercus elegans, for which the valid names are Pl. e. elegans (Gmelin, 1788) and Pl. e. flaveolus Gould, 1837.
61.3.2. If two or more objectively synonymous generic names have been used as the basis for names in the family group, the family-group names are objective synonyms.
61.3.3. If two or more nominal genus-group taxa have the same type species, or type species with different names but based on the same name-bearing type, their names are objective synonyms.
61.3.4. If two or more nominal species-group taxa have the same name-bearing type, their names are objective synonyms.
61.4. Designation of a subgenus or subspecies as a name-bearing type. If a nominal subgenus is fixed as the name-bearing type of a nominal family-group taxon, it is deemed to have been raised first to the rank of genus. If a nominal subspecies is fixed as the name-bearing type of a nominal genus-group taxon, it is deemed to have been raised first to the rank of species.
Example. Planigale Troughton, 1928 (Mammalia) was established with the species P. subtilissima (Lönnberg, 1913), P. tenuirostris Troughton, 1928 and P. ingrami (Thomas, 1906) and the subspecies P. ingrami brunnea Troughton, 1928. In the original description, the latter "subspecies of ingrami" was designated the type of Planigale by the term "Genotype". P. brunnea Troughton, 1928 is the type species by original designation, not P. ingrami (Thomas, 1906). | <urn:uuid:81afb7e5-766f-4f58-80c9-f6e9f6d41909> | 2013-05-26T09:37:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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- This 14-mile trail is a continuation of the Green River Trail. Though it doesn't have the greenery of some other local trails, you will get to see a good representative portion of South Seattle along this one. It may not be the most beautiful ride in the world, but it is an excellent example of an urban trail and a perfect way to see the local sights. A trail map is available on the Web site.
- © wcities.com 2013 | <urn:uuid:3906a06e-a2b9-4f3a-ba83-faa68cafe6b7> | 2013-05-26T09:35:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Why can the other side of the call not hear my voice when using a headset? - Nokia FAQ
In case of audio issues, check the following:
Check that you are using a compatible headset, e.g. the headset included in the product package.
Check that the headset is properly plugged in your phone. Be sure to press the headset to the bottom of the connector.
Check that you are speaking to the microphone. If your headset does not include a microphone, you need to use the phone microphone. Keep the phone microphone close to you when speaking if there is no microphone in your headset.
Check that you have not muted your outgoing audio. E.g. on the touch screen devices, check that the Mute / Unmute toggle switch on the screen is in proper state (showing Mute command when outgoing audio is enabled). If you have by mistake muted the outgoing audio, tap the Unmute toggle switch to enable your voice to be transmitted. | <urn:uuid:97fc06aa-745a-4ced-8168-1f2810663d2c> | 2013-05-27T02:54:02Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Once again, as interim head coach Joe Vitt put it so memorably last week, the New Orleans Saints have been punished more for the spoken word than for the clenched fist. The NFL's long-awaited player punishments were delivered Wednesday to only four players -- Jonathan Vilma, Will Smith, Anthony Hargrove and Scott Fujita -- all of whom had "leadership roles" in the Saints' pay-for-performance/bounty program or "actively obstructed" the investigation by being untruthful to investigators.
Just as the NFL did with its severe sanctions against New Orleans coaches and management in March, the league dropped the hammer hardest on leadership.
The message has been clear: This type of bounty program can't be tolerated, and anyone who was in charge of it or should have been in charge of stopping it will pay the price.
What's less clear is why they were the only ones punished.
Is it because the NFL felt like the penalties against management and player-leaders were sufficient to send that loud, clear message?
Is it that the league didn't blame the rest of the 22 to 27 players said to have participated in the program because they were simply following orders? Or not taking those orders seriously?
Or is it because the league didn't have enough concrete evidence to accuse players of specific wrongdoing or harmful intent on the field, especially knowing that the NFL Players Association would likely fight back through the federal court system?
The answer probably is some combination of all of the above.
Although the NFL insisted several times in its statement Wednesday that it had evidence of "a significant number of players" participating in the bounty/incentive program, and said it shared that list of names with the NFLPA, the league only decided to punish the players who "participated at a different and more significant level."
Ultimately, the league decided that it only had a strong enough case to punish the Saints for the "spoken word" and not for the actual "clenched fist" on the field.
And in that sense, Wednesday's decision was something of a victory. Not only for the rest of the Saints players who avoided punishment, but for all of those critics of the NFL's investigation who have been demanding to see more evidence of wrongdoing -- including the NFLPA.
That's been the one missing piece in the NFL's investigation all along: a lack of damning on-field evidence that the Saints were routinely using dirty hits or cheap shots to injure other players.
The worst example is the 2010 NFC championship game when the Saints were penalized for two illegal hits and fined for three illegal hits against Minnesota Vikings quarterback Brett Favre. And that game seems to be the focal point of the penalties against Vilma, Fujita and Hargrove. Since then, however, there have been few -- if any -- on-field examples.
Most likely, the Saints' general intent was to inflict as much punishment as possible on their opponents through legal hits, which is essentially what all defensive players try to do.
That doesn't mean the Saints are innocent victims in this bounty investigation, though. Not by a long shot.
They ran an illegal performance-incentive program, which included bonuses for opponents' injuries. They used bounties as a motivational tactic, and they lied about their existence to investigators.
If nothing else, the Saints are guilty of bad judgment and reckless behavior in an era when the NFL has made player safety its most public priority.
Yes, the NFL went overboard in handing out these punishments to make a statement at the Saints' expense, but the team also put itself in a vulnerable position. It gave the NFL a golden opportunity to "create a crisis."
NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell stole a page right out of Sean Payton's playbook -- an idea he had gleaned from Bill Parcells that sometimes you need to "create a crisis" to deliver a message. Payton famously used the tactic the week of Super Bowl XLIV, berating players who arrived late for a Tuesday morning bus after a late curfew Monday.
Payton referred to it as "teaching by confrontation."
That's what the league has done in this case.
Even though Goodell limited his punishments to just four players, he didn't go easy on them. Vilma's year-long suspension was as stunning as the year-long suspension Payton received two months ago. In fact, based on some Twitter reaction from teammates and players around the league, Vilma's suspension might have been more stunning since he was punished so much more severely than the rest of his teammates.
Vilma was singled out for accusations of helping to establish and fund the bounty program, as well as offering specific $10,000 bounties to knock out Favre and Arizona Cardinals quarterback Kurt Warner --- all of which Vilma denied in a strongly worded statement Wednesday.
All four players will appeal their suspensions through the NFLPA, though they don't have a very good chance of winning since Goodell himself gets to decide on the appeals.
After that, they may pursue a lawsuit through the federal court system. Their chances would be slim in that route, too, since the players agreed to give Goodell the power to decide such matters in the collective bargaining agreement.
Many have been critical of the fact that Goodell has the power to serve as judge, jury, appellate court and executioner, but it's clear that he didn't take Wednesday's decision lightly.
The league waited nearly six weeks to announce its player punishments after originally punishing the Saints' coaches and management. Goodell consulted the NFLPA, though he didn't necessarily work with union. He brought in former U.S. Attorney Mary Jo White for an "independent" perspective, and he surely consulted the NFL's lawyers.
And perhaps a case could be made that Goodell even showed restraint by limiting his punishments to just four players.
Either that, or he simply decided to steal a page from ex-Saints defensive coordinator Gregg Williams' playbook, too: Kill the head.
Mike Triplett can be reached at email@example.com or 504.826.3405. | <urn:uuid:5471eb09-4167-4914-9f86-93e14ee311e3> | 2013-05-26T09:43:17Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If you or a teenage girl you know have been overrun by the glut of vampires snapping at pop culture's heels, you may be relieved to know that one of the originators of the genre, author Anne Rice, is back. And this time she's turned her attention to a furrier supernatural being — the werewolf.
Rice, whose new book is called The Wolf Gift, tells Weekend Edition Sunday host Rachel Martin that though the book's protagonist, Reuben Golding, becomes a werewolf in the classic way, his transformation has nothing to do with the full moon. Moreover, he enjoys it.
"He likes the increased strength, the increased power, the sensuality and the heightened hearing," Rice says.
Rice herself enjoyed writing about Reuben's experiences as a werewolf.
"This, to me, is one of the things I love exploring in fiction, period ... the way a hero sees the world, the way he responds to the beauty of it," she says. "I love to write about that."
Rice likes writing about supernatural beings because, as she says, they're a useful way to talk about the things that happen to all of us.
"Our bodies are mysteries to us, life itself is a miracle, the fact that we're conscious ... all of this is what we cope with every day as we think about life," she says. "You're writing about a vampire or you're writing about a werewolf, but you're really just writing about human beings."
The Wolf Gift takes place in the Bay Area, in and among the beautiful and spooky places of Northern California. Rice describes the area as her second home and raves about the haunted nature of the redwood forests. She loves to walk through the creepy places, hoping she'll see a werewolf or a vampire. But, she says, "I guess I'm really afraid I never will!"
Like many of Rice's other supernatural novels, The Wolf Gift also reflects her ongoing struggle with questions of good and evil. Reuben, the werewolf, is a hero that's potentially evil, but has a great capacity for good. He, like Rice's previous vampire characters, feels that as he fights between these two parts of his nature, he's figuring it all out by himself.
That's not unlike the rest of us, says Rice, who publicly renounced her dedication to Christianity almost two years ago. Although she's moved away from organized religion, she still describes herself as being obsessed with living a good life. She's just working it out on her own.
"If there's a modern temper, it's that we are alone now," she says. "A lot of the institutions in the past that gave us guidance are now suspect. Yet we still want very much to be good people."
Rice is also obsessed with writing. The prolific writer describes the flood of ideas she has "like zombies on the porch, fighting to get inside." Right now, she wants to write a whole new supernatural novel, and she's hoping to get to work and start writing it soon.
"One zombie is getting through the door," she says. | <urn:uuid:5d3cbd7b-0b41-4e54-a8ea-f6c0aa0bfb89> | 2013-05-26T09:44:13Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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HISTORY OF FLIGHT Use your browsers 'back' function to return to synopsisReturn to Query Page
On December 23, 2002, at 1137 mountain standard time, a Robinson R22 Beta, N888KB, collided with power transmission lines and impacted desert terrain near Dolan Springs, Arizona. The pilot/owner was operating the helicopter under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91. The private pilot and one passenger sustained fatal injuries; the helicopter was destroyed. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a flight plan had not been filed. The personal cross-country flight originated from McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas, Nevada, at an unknown time.
In an interview with a first-responding Sheriff's Deputy, a witness reported that he was in his automobile traveling southbound on the highway I-93. About 30 miles from Kingman, Arizona, a helicopter passed over the car in a southerly direction and he noted that it appeared to be cruising at a low altitude. When the helicopter was about ¼ mile in front of him, he saw the helicopter skids catch the power lines that ran across the highway. The helicopter impacted terrain and came to rest on the side of the road.
Several other witnesses stated that they observed the helicopter flying over the highway at a very low altitude. The helicopter's skids impacted power lines running perpendicular to the highway. One witness recalled that after making contact with the power lines the helicopter plummeted toward terrain and rolled.
The pilot's logbooks were not located.
Review of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airman Certification records disclosed that the pilot held a private pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single-engine land and rotorcraft-helicopter.
Review of the FAA Medical Certification records revealed that the pilot held a third-class medical issued on August 04, 2000, with a limitation to wear glasses for near vision. At that time he reported his total flight time as 500 hours.
The helicopter airframe, engine, and maintenance logbooks were not located.
MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION
The Kingman Medical Examiner's Office conducted an autopsy on the pilot; the FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, performed a toxicological analysis. The results of the toxicological analysis were negative for carbon monoxide, cyanide, ethanol and drugs.
In a telephone conversation with a Safety Board investigator, a power company lineman, reported that the wires/cables in the area are required to be a minimum of 30 feet above ground level. | <urn:uuid:dea6af0f-28b9-43c8-9449-8031351833a7> | 2013-05-27T02:56:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Are we safer?
September 12, 2012
As Americans mark the 11th anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on our nation, we should ask ourselves —?are we safer now? Well, yes and no....
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Post a Comment
News, Blogs & Events Web | <urn:uuid:0db0caec-50ca-4af9-aeca-6b2a613516ee> | 2013-05-26T09:43:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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HAMMOND | Three Griffith Middle School girls' Facebook comments about killing several classmates and teachers were not jokes, the school district said in federal court documents filed Tuesday.
The girls' families and the American Civil Liberties Union of Indiana sued Griffith Public Schools in April, claiming the district violated the girls' First Amendment rights to free speech by expelling them for their online comments.
The ACLU and families claim the girls' comments were "complete jest" that no reasonable person would interpret otherwise, according to the lawsuit. The Times is not naming the girls involved because they are minors.
Griffith Public Schools said the girls' conversation posed a "true threat," and two of the threatened students were so scared they missed classes and school, according to court records filed Tuesday.
Griffith Public Schools said the conversation was particularly disturbing in light of last year's shooting in Martinsville, Ind., where a student posted on Facebook and then attempted to kill a fellow student, shooting him twice at school, court records state.
The girls had a nearly two-hour virtual conversation that included more than 70 posts. During it, the girls named multiple students and teachers whom they thought should die.
Among the girls' posts:
Girl 1: homociidal.? Does that mean you wanna kiill people.? Cos iif so, ii do.
Girl 2: iim gonna start a hiit liist.
Girl 3: I wanna kill people with a knife. But its easier to find out who did it .. so I gotta get a gun/:
Girl 2: iim gonna use my piink boxcutter. But put paper towel around thee handle, so they cant take my fiinger priints.
Girl 1: Its easier to find out who did it with a gun. And yes, homocidal means you wanna kill people.
The girls later talked about using a butcher knife, filling a tub with acid to dissolve a body or lighting someone on fire, court records state.
The Griffith girls were suspended and then expelled after a parent of one of the threatened students brought a copy of the conversation to school officials. The district said the girls violated a provision of the student handbook that relates to bullying, harassment and intimidation.
The girls were offered the opportunity to return to the district in the fall, court records state. | <urn:uuid:2377c74a-fd58-4255-970d-b769cd617a1c> | 2013-05-26T09:36:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Last Updated: 9:07 AM, August 26, 2010
Posted: 3:58 AM, August 26, 2010
Hip-hop star Pharrell Williams is battling an Italian fashion firm over his Ice Cream clothing line.
He's suing the Gilmar Group for blocking a trademark application on his brand name on grounds that it's too similar to Gilmar's Ice and Iceberg labels.
The acclaimed music producer claims that adding the word "cream" -- street slang for money -- "creates a vastly different sound, appearance, meaning and overall commercial impression." | <urn:uuid:1d8bde0f-09bc-4d4a-9c9b-dc11db92fd30> | 2013-05-26T09:35:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Jack Sendak, an author of children's books noted for their magical and even surreal qualities, died yesterday at Centra Medical Center in Freehold, N.J. He was 71 and lived in Clarksburg, N.J.
He had suffered a brief illness, his family said.
Mr. Sendak was the brother of Maurice Sendak, the writer and illustrator, who furnished the drawings for his first two books, "The Happy Rain" (1956), and "Circus Girl" (1957).
Jack Sendak was born in Brooklyn. He credited his father, Philip, with inspiring his storytelling talent through the bedtime folk tales he regularly told. It led him to write at an early age, including what he later called some "rather dramatic novels."
After Army service in World War II he worked for Emerson Radio and Television, becoming involved in early experiments with color television. He also worked for the Postal Service for a time.
Mr. Sendak resumed writing stories in his spare time and decided to concentrate on children's books. He said "The Happy Rain" was the first manuscript he ever submitted to a publisher. In addition to "Circus Girl," titles that followed included "The Second Witch," illustrated by Uri Shulevitz (1965), "The King of the Hermits and Other Stories" with Margot Zemach (1966) and "Martze" 1968) and "The Magic Tears" (1971) with Mitchell Miller. | <urn:uuid:03d3bf2e-1bda-4775-9ff0-be2294f0264f> | 2013-05-27T02:54:51Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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David Karp, a prolific writer of novels, screenplays and television dramas who rose to prominence in the Golden Age of television drama, died on Sept. 11 at the Berkshire Medical Center in Pittsfield, Mass. He was 77.
Mr. Karp, who had homes in Manhattan and Pittsfield, died from emphysema, said his wife, Claire Leighton Karp.
Mr. Karp wrote six novels and many episodes of television series, including ''The Untouchables'' and ''The Defenders,'' and he wrote or produced as many films, but his early prominence resulted from his dozens of television dramas.
In the late 1950's and early 60's Mr. Karp, like such contemporaries as Paddy Chayevsky, Horton Foote and Reginald Rose, felt free to tackle tough social issues.
Mr. Karp's television play ''One'' told of the ordeal of a college professor striving for free expression at a future time when the state is supreme and all traces of individuality have been stamped out. ''One'' was based on his novel of the same name and was produced twice on television, on the ''Kraft Television Theater'' in 1955 and the ''Matinee Theater'' in 1957.
He also wrote for the other major television drama anthologies of the day, including ''Studio One.'' Other television dramas written by Mr. Karp dealt with themes like the dangerous power of political bosses (''The Big Vote''), the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary (''The End of a World'') and an episode from John F. Kennedy's book ''Profiles in Courage'' that involved a senator who held out against the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson. He also wrote ''The Plot to Kill Stalin,'' naming several top Soviet leaders as conspirators.
Television movies he wrote or produced included ''The Brotherhood of the Bell,'' ''The Brothers Rico,'' ''The Girl Who Saved America,'' ''Death and the Maiden,'' ''Crime and Commitment'' and ''Arthur the King.''
Born in Manhattan on May 5, 1922, Mr. Karp graduated from City College and served in the Signal Corps during World War II.
Mr. Karp's first wife, Lillian Klass Karp, died in 1987. In addition to his second wife, Mr. Karp is survived by two sons, Ethan Ross and Andrew Gabriel, both of Los Angeles, and four grandchildren. | <urn:uuid:2b0cffbc-196a-4f3a-a8cd-3c19a8b1913a> | 2013-05-27T02:56:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Capitol Square Review and Advisory Board
The Capitol Square Review and Advisory Board is responsible for maintaining the historic character of the Statehouse and Capitol
Square while providing for the health, safety and convenience of those
who work in or visit the complex.
The Board's Role
The role of the Capitol Square Review and Advisory Board (CSRAB) is to provide all educational, maintenance, support and security
services for Capitol Square structures and grounds.
CSRAB also grants permits for public activities occurring in the Statehouse and on its grounds and oversees the operations of the
Capitol Cafe. The Statehouse Education & Visitors Center coordinates tours of Capitol Square and provides information about the
buildings, their history and Ohio's government.
for more information about the Capitol Square
Review and Advisory Board. | <urn:uuid:afd366da-f37b-428c-82af-313618992e41> | 2013-05-27T02:54:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Medvedev mulls Rosneft privatisation
Russia's largest state-owned oil company Rosneft should be privatised by 2016, Russian prime minister Dmitry Medvedev has said.
Speaking at a meeting on the federal government's property privatisation plan on Thursday, Medvedev noted that the leading oil company, as well other state energy firms should be "removed from direct government control by 2016."
During the discussion, deputy prime minister Arkady Dvorkovich proposed that Rosneft's investment in fuel and energy firms should not become an automatic practice unless it is deemed expedient.
Responding to this proposal, Medvedev agreed that Rosneft's investment should be based on the principles of expediency and should gain government approval.
According to its website, Rosneft has been included in the Russian government's List of Strategic Enterprises and Organizations. Rosneft is 75 per cent owned by the government. | <urn:uuid:ff7e593e-c879-4be7-ab13-26f6029b52f4> | 2013-05-27T02:56:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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To counter flagging officer retention the U.S. Army has announced that it plans to institute several significant changes in order to entice officers to longer careers. Among these incentives are benefits such as:
- Greater graduate school opportunities
- Cash bonuses for officers who stay beyond their initial obligation
- Reducing the time it takes for promotion to captain and major
Despite these planned measures the Army states that its current rate of retention is adequate for the short term. It admits, however, that the war is taking a toll and that the Army’s current plan for expansion will require more officers. Of course, this new system once again raises the ‘mercenary’ question. Will bonuses and other economic incentives create a ‘mercenary culture’ within the Army? Will the ideals of duty and patriotism be replaced by cold hard cash?
Similarly tagged OmniNerd content: | <urn:uuid:1d95ae6b-091b-4fd3-aa8c-c08c296a4771> | 2013-05-26T09:41:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Invisible Wireless Spy Earpieces
Invisible Wiresless Spy Earpieces are
a real must-have if you need to pass and receive information in a discreet manner. We have the following earpieces available:
- The original model
- Ultra tiny model
- World's nano model
idea behind such equipment is that you can send and receive data discreetly without anyone around you knowing that you are communicating covertly.
Steps for using an invisible wireless earpiece:
- Decide which of our three models will best suit your needs
- Place the invisible earpiece inside your ear where it cannot be seen by others
- Place the Bluetooth loop around your neck and under your clothing
- Activate Bluetooth on your mobile phone
- When a call is made to your phone it will be answered silently and the call can be heard in your earpiece. Speaking out loud also means that the caller can hear you respond.
The list of
applications is endless - and everybody will have their own reasons
behind buying a spy device such as this. Above all, remember that it is perfectly legal
to use in order to present to the police
if needed, and also for presentation in a Court of Law.
Great to use for business use as you can make and answer calls discreetly on-the-go. They are also useful to allow others to listen in on a meeting in a covert manner if the need arises. For couriers and chauffeurs they are completely indispensable too.
If you are a PI, the need will also be great. It will allow you to make and receive calls secretly and even allow your client to listen in on situations if you can get close enough. For example, over-hearing a restaurant date when a PI is at the next table.
All the above information is only
a very general insight as there are so reasons why you might need to use a wireless earpiece. | <urn:uuid:24821fbf-82ab-4fae-9e46-65f0c81e0d1a> | 2013-05-26T09:36:54Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Welcome to the Econo Lodge Inn & Suites, a Des Moines hotel near Drake University. The Econo Lodge Inn & Suites ® hotel is conveniently located with e
Some aspects to consider when rating this free wifi hotspot:
1. How is the WiFi signal and connection speed?
2. Is it a place that is good for working.
3. Does the hotspot offer enough power outlets? | <urn:uuid:839edd75-1cc9-4fae-9334-bd97e80be09e> | 2013-05-26T09:36:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Lloyd says the cape is a flattering look for women of all ages. "Remember, if you're fuller on the top, ladies, you can hide it with a cape and you can do slimmer on the bottom," Lloyd says. "You don't want full things on the bottom."
For the 30s look, Lloyd chooses a bright yellow poncho-slash-cape piece with knee-length shorts and tights, all from Nordstrom. "You can belt it in and define your waist or let it out if you had to do it," he says.
Lloyd suggests that a woman in her 40s wear a cape like this one from Saks Fifth Avenue adorned with toggles, a cute metallic skirt and dark tights from Spanx. | <urn:uuid:7116e9f8-32d6-4c57-806f-8390c2783cf1> | 2013-05-27T02:55:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Socrates Tryon (1816-1855)
Socrates Hotchkiss Tryon lived in Vermont, Iowa, and Hawaii before coming to Oregon in 1849. He settled on land located between Portland and Oregon City, and in 1975, his claim became the Tryon Creek State Natural Area.
Tryon was born in Pawlet, Vermont, on January 24, 1816, to Jesse Tryon and Laura Hotchkiss. After graduating from Castleton Medical College, he married Frances Safely. The couple moved to Linn County, Iowa, in 1838, where Tryon was the county’s first doctor. In 1840, he became clerk of Iowa's Third Judicial District.
In the early 1840s, Tryon left his family in Iowa to travel to the Hawaiian Islands, where he practiced medicine, and returned to Iowa in 1844. He served as a delegate to Iowa’s second constitutional convention in 1846; his first child, Socrates Jr., was born the same year.
Tryon sold his land three years later and traveled to Oregon with his father and two brothers. Frances Tryon and Socrates Jr. sailed to San Francisco, where Frances operated a boarding house and waited for word on whether or not Tryon wanted to stay in Oregon.
In Oregon, Tryon took out a Donation Land Claim of 645 acres bordering the west side of the Willamette River south of Portland. The claim contained most of a canyon forested with virgin cedar and Douglas-fir, as well as the creek that ran through it. Tryon built a house and sawmill and established a small farm on the land. His father died in 1850. Frances and their son joined Socrates in 1851 after the Great Fire swept through San Francisco. Their second child, Sallie, was born in late 1851.
Tryon reportedly died of sciatic rheumatism in 1855. He had set aside $4,000 for the children’s education, but Frances’s second husband, a Mr. Young, stole the inheritance. Frances managed to put her children through school by working the farm herself and doing laundry for the girls’ school in Lake Oswego. The children sold the land to the Oregon Iron Company for $7,000 in 1874.
The creek running on the property continued to be called Tryon Creek, and Tryon’s house, built in the Greek revival style, stood at 250 Stampher Road until it was torn down in the 1990s.Written by:Lachlan Johnson
Brevik, Denis. “Tryon-L Archives.” RootsWeb, 1998. http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/TRYON/1998-06/0897414443.
Cleveland, Helen, and Sally Boyd. "The Socrates Tryon Family Story." Oswego Heritage Journal 3 (1994), 2. | <urn:uuid:f2ceac45-6598-4de4-9623-48116eef0e09> | 2013-05-26T09:42:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Glen Davis nailed a long two-pointer at the first-quarter horn Monday night to give the Magic a one-point lead against Golden State.
The Orlando Magic's 102-94 victory against the Golden State Warriors on Monday was a bit closer than the final score would indicate. Orlando led by one point after the first quarter and by four points after the second, but the Warriors tied the score heading to the fourth. Hot shooting from J.J. Redick helped the Magic build their lead to as much as 12 points in the final period, but for much of Monday's game it appeared as though each team had a 50-50 chance at winning.
In such a game, then, all of the little things matter. Little things like inbounding the ball with care, which Golden State forward Carl Landry neglected to do with 1.8 seconds remaining in the first quarter. After Nikola Vučević made a free throw to complete a three-point play, Landry tried inbounding to Draymond Green. He telegraphed the pass, however, and neglected to note Arron Afflalo's presence relative to that of his target. Afflalo batted the pass to Glen Davis, who scooped up the ball and fired in a jumper with his heels on the three-point line to turn a one-point deficit into a one-point lead.
Davis' shot gave the Magic five points in a 1.8-second span of game time and helped the visitors close the first quarter on a 7-0 run overall. | <urn:uuid:c9c4744c-8d44-42d8-b3fa-ad13e2084dc8> | 2013-05-26T09:36:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Saint Catherine Area (Hide)
The Orthodox Monastery of St Catherine stands at the foot of Mount Horeb where, the Old Testament records, Moses received the Tablets of the Law. The mountain is known and revered by Muslims as Jebel Musa. The entire area is sacred to three world religions: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. The Monastery, founded in the 6th century, is the oldest Christian monastery still in use for its initial function. Its walls and buildings of great significance to studies of Byzantine architecture and the Monastery houses outstanding collections of early Christian manuscripts and icons. The rugged mountainous landscape, containing numerous archaeological and religious sites and monuments, forms a perfect backdrop to the Monastery. | <urn:uuid:fc729919-a4a8-4745-9e22-94ecfda99210> | 2013-05-26T09:35:59Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Medical History and Physical Exam for a Slow Heart Rate
A doctor will ask you questions about your medical history and do a physical exam to evaluate your symptoms. The information gained from your medical background and physical exam may provide important clues about your symptoms. It also can help a doctor recommend specific tests to help diagnose and treat your condition.
If the doctor thinks you have Reference bradycardia Opens New Window, he or she may ask:
- What symptoms have you had?
- How long did the symptoms last?
- What were you doing when you first noticed the symptoms? Were you eating, coughing, bending over?
- Did anything make the symptoms better or worse, such as slow, deep breathing or holding your breath?
- Did you take your pulse when you had the symptoms? If you did, how fast or slow was your heart beating? Was it beating regularly?
- Do you ever have chest pain?
- Have you ever lost consciousness?
- Does physical activity bring on your symptoms or make them worse?
- Has there been a change in your ability to exercise?
- Have you had a tick bite recently or noticed any rashes?
- What medicines are you currently taking?
- Do you drink alcohol or smoke? Do you use any illegal drugs? If so, how much?
- Do you have a family history of heart disease?
During a physical exam, the doctor or another health professional will:
- Take your blood pressure.
- Check your pulse, to see how fast your heart is beating and to find out whether the rhythm is regular.
- Listen to your heart through a stethoscope. If he or she hears any Reference murmurs Opens New Window, or extra heart sounds, it may mean that your heart's conduction system has been damaged.
- Listen to your lungs through a stethoscope. Certain sounds may indicate fluid buildup (edema) or lung disease.
- Check for swelling in your neck veins, legs, ankles, and abdomen, which is a sign of fluid buildup and possible Reference heart failure Opens New Window.
Why It Is Done
The medical history and physical exam are needed for a doctor to find out whether you have a slow heart rate. They are also important to help discover whether you have any underlying conditions or complications.
Normal findings include the following:
- Blood pressure and pulse rate are normal.
- Breathing and heart rhythm and rate are normal.
- You have no signs of fluid buildup in the body (fluid buildup is a sign of heart failure).
Abnormal findings that may suggest a problem from a slow heart rate include:
- Low blood pressure.
- A slow or irregular pulse.
- Abnormal heart sounds.
- Sounds heard when listening to the lungs, which may indicate a backup of blood in the lungs caused by heart failure.
If the physical exam and medical history strongly suggest a very slow or irregular heartbeat, you will have more testing.
What To Think About
It is important to provide your doctor with detailed information about your symptoms, past medical history, and lifestyle. It may help to write down some of the symptoms you have recently had. Your doctor might ask you to keep a Reference diary of symptoms.
Before your visit, write down all of the medicines you are currently taking. Also, write down other details about your medical history. Be sure to include nonprescription medicines, including diet supplements or herbal remedies. Bring the information to your scheduled appointment.
|By:||Reference Healthwise Staff||Last Revised: June 2, 2011|
|Medical Review:||Reference E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine
Reference Rakesh K. Pai, MD, FACC - Cardiology, Electrophysiology | <urn:uuid:3d4a780e-51ae-44bd-84d3-cfdf887d97f4> | 2013-05-27T02:55:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Cultural Differences in Marriage
Begin by seeking knowledge and understanding of each other's culture. Then you can move into acceptance and appreciation. Your cultures are different, and one is not right and the other wrong.
Cultural exploration is especially important before a couple marries and has children. Your cultures will affect most aspects of your relationship. Areas affected include family relationships, roles of women and men, communication skills, physical hygiene, role of religion, importance of education and careers and clothing/manner of dress. Knowing each other as partners includes knowing each other's culture.
When you are in a committed relationship/marriage, it is wise to have your cultures be a source of harmony rather than disunity. Some ways that you can do this are being sensitive to each other's needs and choices, nurturing appreciation for each other's culture, being flexible, focusing on loving one another and having both a spirit of adventure and sense of humor. | <urn:uuid:56c6549e-c97f-4f2b-a6fd-aa82667706c4> | 2013-05-26T09:42:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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10-05-2011, 09:00 PM
Join Date: Oct 2004
Brady's Wednesday press conference -- whoa!
Anyone else see this? I've never seen him so quick and serious, like he was channeling BB. He never cracked a smile. I think he's still pissed about last year's playoff game regardless of how he answered the first question.
Q: How much does the loss to the Jets in the playoffs motivate you this week?
TB: That was a long time ago. So that game doesn't have much bearing on this week. We're a different team.
Q: What do you expect from them coming off a loss? They talk about being hungry and going back to the ground-and-pound. It will be a great atmosphere, but what do you expect from the Jets when you play them on Sunday afternoon.
TB: Pretty much what we get from them every time we play them. They're a tough team [and] they're physical. I think they lead the league in a bunch of defensive categories. They're very challenging to play. They have been - it's always the Jets - since I got here 12 years ago; they're challenging. It's a fun game to be a part of. I hope we can go out there and play better than the last time we played them.
Q: You don't want to say anything to get the home crowd fired up, do you?
TB: I'm not joking any more this year.
Q: How do you feel about what Antonio Cromartie said about you? He said he hates you and called you a name I can't repeat here.
TB: I don't care what he says about me - I really don't.
Q: What's your opinion about him as a player?
TB: He's very good - excellent player. They have two very good corners. Well, they have a bunch of very good corners actually. The two that are out there on their regular defense are very good. They're both fast, they're both physical. They play well at the line of scrimmage. They're very disruptive. They lead the league in pass defense, so that kind of tells you everything you want to know about them.
Q: Does their defense look any different from the one you saw in the playoffs -what you've seen so far this year?
TB: They're good - they were good last year, they're good this year, and they were good two years ago. I think as long as Rex [Ryan] is coaching that team they're going to have good defense. They have a lot of good defensive players - David Harris and Bart [Scott]. [They have] a good front, corners can cover - safeties - [Jim] Leonhard, [Eric] Smith, and Brodney [Pool] have given us problems so it's a good team.
Q: How much do you have to adjust to who Darrelle Revis winds up covering?
TB: We just call our plays and whoever he lines up on, he lines up on. If the guy gets open, he gets the ball, as we have shown, and if he doesn't then somebody else gets the ball.
Q: How much stock do you put into what the Jets did before they played last Sunday against the Ravens and what happened to them against the Ravens?
TB: They still played pretty well defensively. I don't think [Joe] Flacco threw for 50 percent. The Ravens had a bunch of scores - defensive scores, but that doesn't really affect me at all. We are preparing for a very good defense - tough, physical style, that's good in pass coverage. They lead the league in first down defense. They lead the league in third down defense. They're one of the best that we play all year.
Q: Last week they used a running back, Joe McKnight, coming off the corner to blitz Joe Flacco one time. What would you do if you saw something like that? Does that show something that they're worrying about their speed?
TB: I don't know why they substitute different guys in. They have a bunch of different personnel packages. We have had a bunch of players here that have gone both ways. If you're on the roster then you can get out there at any point. You treat them like any other defensive back while he's out there- that's kind of how they are playing him and hopefully we can block him.
Q: I know Wes Welker is off to an unbelievable start. Can this offense, as good as it's been, become too reliant on one guy? Would you like to be a little more diverse as the season progresses and not have him be the primary target on almost every play?
TB: You throw to the open guy. So if he's open, he'll get it. If not, someone else will get it. I think that he's done a good job of getting open.
Q: Antonio Cromartie criticized you because you have ‘antics' he called them - you taunt the other team after a touchdown. Do you feel like you do that or do you not know where he's coming from with those comments.
TB: I really don't care what he says.
To view links or images in signatures your post count must be 10 or greater. You currently have 0 posts.
Beware ... The Patriot Attack Parrot! | <urn:uuid:88286e3c-9255-48f7-80a5-79c10d37fc43> | 2013-05-26T09:38:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Phoenix television news last evening had a story of a Valley student who brought a handgun to school. He was brandishing it about in the rest room, showing off that it was loaded, and he was heard making verbal threats against another student.
When word of this reached school authorities, the police were called and this student was arrested. And rightfully so! A little later in the evening I picked up the Tuesday edition of the Payson Roundup, which I hadn't yet had a chance to read.
The leading story on the front page read "Student with gun arrested at school." In reading the story it turned out the student was 19 years old, certainly old enough to legally have a gun. The gun was a shotgun, not a handgun, it was never out of the student's car, there was no mention of it being loaded, apparently it was never pointed at anyone, and there was no mention of the student making any threats against anyone.
It certainly seems there was more similarity between this student and the hapless American who unwittingly brought a box of bullets into Mexico and was harshly treated for his blunder, than there is between this student and the student in the Phoenix story. The problem with laws, it seems, is that they are unable to distinguish between the unwitting and the larcenous. | <urn:uuid:a6a39071-9ec5-488f-b9b9-95af7fc5c917> | 2013-05-27T02:56:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Disney Turns Your Body Into a Touch Screen
Touching and swiping on your smartphone or tablet is so 2011. What if you could select a new song, craft a text message, or launch an app without ever touching your gadget?
Disney Research has stepped away from creating animatronic creatures to investigate more complex uses for touch-based technology, and it landed on a system known as Touché.
A five-minute video (below) details some of the uses for Touché, but one of the more interesting options is using the body as a touch screen of sorts. Rather than pulling your MP3 player out of your pocket, for example, simply touch your finger to your palm to advance a playlist or increase the volume.
The user would likely be wearing a wristwatch-esque sensor to pick up movement, according to a paper from Disney researchers Munehiko Sato, Ivan Poupyrev, and Chris Harrison. The trio recently won Best Paper at the 2012 ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
"For example, making a 'shh' gesture with index finger touching to the lips, could put the phone into silent mode," they wrote. "Putting the hands together, forming a book-like gesture, could replay voicemails."
Another somewhat hilarious (though possibly traumatizing) option the researchers laid out for Touché was "food training." The technology works with liquids, so let's say you were trying to get junior to eat his cereal with a spoon. Did he stick his finger in the bowl? A buzzer signals that he's doing it wrong. Chopsticks? Nope, another jarring buzzer. Trying with a spoon, however, prompts a soothing tone to signal that he is eating the cereal correctly.
Touché could also help people use their doorknobs as an away message in the office, researchers said. Are you on the phone? Anyone who touches your doorknob could see a "Do Not Disturb" message illuminate on the door. If you step away, meanwhile, different pressure could produce different messages - a light touch means "Back in 5" but closing the door with a full grip on the doorknob signals that you're "Gone for the Night."
In the home, how about sensors in your couch? Sit down and the TV turns on. Lights dim the longer you watch, with the TV and lights turning off completely should you fall asleep.
Touché is still in the concept phase, so touch screens are likely here to stay for the foreseeable future. But the researchers said they were inspired by Mark Weiser and his 1991 "disappearing computer" theory, or the idea that actual gadgets will fade into the background. For that to become a reality, however, "completely new interaction technologies are required, and we hope that this work contributes to the emergence of future ubiquitous computing environments," the Disney team said.
For more from Chloe, follow her on Twitter @ChloeAlbanesius.
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Shaving the pubic hair from the penis area is becoming very popular among men. One common reason why men shave their genitals is simply because many women find it more attractive. Getting the hair out of the way also tends to make it more appealing when fellatio is involved since women don't have to worry about getting annoying pubic hairs stuck in their mouths. Shaving the penis also exposes more of the penis which is beneficial in several ways. It allows for a greater area of the penis to be directly stimulated which enhances pleasure during sexual acts. Consequently, shaving the hair off of your penis makes it appear larger since the shaft is no longer hidden by the hair that grows on the pubic mound. The act of shaving itself can also be a highly erotic act which both you and your partner can participate in. Here are some quick instructions to help you out if you decide to shave your penis.
To start off you will need a razor and some shaving gel. You can use a disposable razor but just make sure that it is new. Personally I like the Gillette Fusion. I wouldn't recommend using an electric razor however. The penis is probably the most sensitive part of the male anatomy and an electric razor can pinch and irritate the area. Also, you shouldn't use the same type of shaving cream you would use for your face. Make sure to use a brand that is designed for sensitive skin. Gels made specifically for feminine use are a good choice.
Before you actually use the razor, make sure to trim the area first with a pair of scissors used for cutting hair. Pubic hair is generally curly so you should pull the hair away from your body and cut as close to the base of the hair follicle as you possibly can. Needless to say, you should be very careful when you are putting any type of cutting instrument near your penis! Once you have trimmed the hair down to a reasonably short level, soak the area in warm water and lather it up thoroughly with shaving gel.
You can start off by shaving the area just above where the penis extends from the body. While the majority of pubic hair is on the area surrounding the penis, usually there is a small amount that actually grows from the shaft itself. Make sure to shave against the grain (from bottom to top) as it will give you the closest, smoothest shave. You will need to adjust your penis while you are shaving so that you can see and reach all the areas where hair grows. Pull your penis downwards to shave the very base of the shaft, then stretch it to the left and right so that you can apply the razor to the shallow crevices on each side. Finally pull the penis all the way up (towards your stomach) so that you can shave the area below your penis right above the testicles.
Once you've shaved the area surrounding the penis shaft you can start on the scrotum. The skin on the scrotum tends to be wrinkly, so stretch the skin out while you shave to make sure you are applying the razor to the entire surface. While you are shaving you should run your fingers along the area you have shaved to feel for hair that you might have missed. Its very important to take your time and apply gentle strokes while you are shaving so that you do not accidentally cut yourself.
When you are done shaving your genitals you might also consider shaving your stomach area. Or if you tend to be very hairy, you may also want to shave the areas on your upper thighs that are adjacent to the penis.
Once you are finished, rinse off the shaved areas with warm water and a mild soap or lotion to remove any loose hair. You can also use a body scrub to remove dead skin cells that might cause itching later. Dry the shaved areas by patting them down with a clean towel or cloth. To prevent itching you can apply a lotion or baby powder to the recently shaved areas. If you have very sensitive skin you may wish to use a special dermatologist recommended cream so that you don't irritate the area.
You're finished! It might be helpful to wear boxers for a few days after your first shave to give the area proper ventilation. Feels great doesn't it?! When you're done admiring your handiwork, go let your partner become reacquainted with your beautifully smooth penis!
Posted by PRS
Tuesday, January 16th, 2007
Steps to Maintaining Penis HealthDiscover some simple steps and gain insight into ways to ensure that your penis remains healthy and always functions at peak performance.Learn More
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14 Responses to “How To Shave The Penis”
Leave a comment (*required field) | <urn:uuid:8f204cf9-6069-4f38-a496-d80d37b8538a> | 2013-05-26T09:42:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Design Thinking is a creative process of thinking backwards from people, that leads to design a service, a product or else, based on the conclusions of the knowledge gathered in the process.
Design Thinking starts and ends with people, their needs and problems.
Thinking backwards from people leads to major rethinking of processes along the way. Design Thinking is a kind of problem detector and problem solving process.
Thinking backwards from people requires a through an exhaustive application of logic to all available threats and creativity in the finding of new possibilities. It also requires a systems thinking and vision that ultimately provides ways to anticipate possible futures.
Thinking backwards from people it's a mindset that naturally evolves to innovation: It is in fact choosing to move forward. Thinking like a designer is a point of no return: Everything a design thinker sees around comes up with this question: How could I improve it?, What if..?.
I wouldn't call it an obsession, I believe is a extreme passion for ideas that it's got something to do with challenging your own capacities.
Capacities such as: Thinking-in-action Systems thinking Decision making Rational analysis Empathy-able to connect Emotional intelligence Creativity applied to any context Conceptualize emotions Awareness of the world Passion for details Caring for people Fond of chaos Market & Business & Management Teamwork Long-term vision Ultimate question designers must ask to themselves:
What is the difference between designing a brochure and designing a DNA?And between designing an App and designing a communication plan?Designing a website and designing a business strategy?
What is the difference between designing a brand and designing a life? Not much...it all starts and ends with people.
A beautiful, overwhelming, never-ending scenario full of...dots.And you share one of those dots with millions of others like you. Are you feeling a little overwhelmed?. Who are you? Who is with you? What do you want to accomplish? Billions of people feel just the same.
The BIG PICTURE above holds together because of known and unknown connections among dots...
What if the so called "flow" is about stepping from one dot to another? A never ending effort to connect and let the world connect back to you? A Design Thinking Attitude:
So this year, Why don't you think about re-designing your life by building empathy from within and finding ways of connecting with others?
"As a style of thinking, Design Thinking is generally considered the ability to combine empathy for the context of a problem, creativity in the generation of insights and solutions, and rationality to analyze and fit solutions to the context". (Wikipedia definition)
Conquer this year the feeling of creation: When was the last time you created anything?
Step out of your box and let yourself be inspired by people: Build on others ideas and let other build on yours. ...Creating is awesome, but doing it with others is even better.
Build empathy by connecting dots and create community:
"The broader one’s understanding of the human experience, the better designs we will have.” – Steve Jobs | <urn:uuid:5b02f454-5da3-4951-8816-922352fa73ea> | 2013-05-27T02:54:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Pet Adoption Agreement
Pet’s Name: ________________ Description: __________________
Sex: ____ Age: _________ Altered:______
Date to be altered ____________
Adopter’s Name(s): _____________________________________
State: _____________ Zip: __________
Home Phone: _______________________
Work Phone: ________________________
As the adopting party, I/We agree to the following provisions: (initial each)
_____1. I/We agree to keep said pet licensed in my county. I understand that by keeping tags on my pet that it will insure my pet a safe return if he happens to get lost. I will contact Kaye Smith or Christa Medders if my animal becomes lost.
_____2. I/We agree to keep my pet up to date on his shots, as prescribed by my vet. I will provide immediate medical care if my pet becomes injured or sick.
_____3. I/We agree to keep the animal I am adopting as a house pet. I will provide proper shelter in the heat and cold, if the pet is outside for any length of time.
_____4. I/We agree not to let my adopted pet run at large, or become a nuisance.
_____5. I/We agree not to abuse or neglect the adopted animal, and I authorize Kaye Smith or Christa Medders, at her sole discretion, to determine whether of not the pet has been abused or neglected.
_____6. I/We understand that Kaye Smith or Christa Medders cannot guarantee the health, temperament or training of the above described animal, and hereby release Kaye Smith and Christa Medders from any claim, cause of action or liability for any Injury or damage to persons or property once the animal is in my possession. If a health problem develops I will notify Kaye Smith or Christa Medders to discuss the matter.
_____7. I/We agree that if Kaye Smith or Christa Medders should determine at any time that any of the provisions of this agreement are not being complied with, I will return the pet to Kaye Smith or Christa Medders upon demand.
_____ 8. I/We agree that Kaye Smith, Christa Medders and Small Time Dog Rescue/Dead Dog Walking Pit Bull Rescue are not responsible legally, medically or in any way for any harm that may happen to or be caused by the pet I am adopting. This includes harm caused by or to visitors/relatives in my home.
_____9. I/We agree that said dog will not be used for any illegal purposes and will NEVER be fought in any way. If this clause is broken, I/We understand that the dog will be immediately confiscated by Kaye Smith, Barry Springer and/or Christa Medders and all law enforcement agencies will be notified, as applicable.
_____10. I/We certify that we do not live in an area where "Pit Bulls" are banned.
_____11. I/We have enrolled this pet for obedience training at _______________________________
which will be started on the following date: _________________________
Animal Return: I understand that if I am not able to keep the pet for its natural lifetime, I will contact ___ or ____. Kaye Smith and Christa Medders have first right of refusal. I will not give the adopted pet away without first contacting Kaye Smith or Christa Medders. I will not euthanize the pet without first contacting Kaye Smith or Christa Medders.
There are No refunds.
Signature of adopter(s): __________________________ _________________________
Date: ____________ Donation: $_________
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing. | <urn:uuid:44e37f2c-a50d-4637-ab31-2962bf3d135e> | 2013-05-26T09:42:45Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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GrampaGreer wrote:America will forever be safe from foreign invasion with that kind of home-grown firepower.
I agree, except that's not what we were talking about. No foreign power could invade our shores for the simple fact that we have the largest navy in the world. Not only that but the size of our navy is larger than the next 9 combined. The point I was making is that no domestic insurgency has a chance in hell of going up against our military. Yeah, citizens have a wide rage of privately owned firepower. Yeah, there's even illegally owned weapons that are a damn site more powerful than hunting rifles. But none of these weapons, legally owned or otherwise, could match the sheer might of our military hadrware. You couldn't even hide, we've got night vision capabilities not only for ground troops but for drones and tanks, guided missiles, etc. Hell, the DEA uses heat vision so powerful it can differentiate between different species of plants so they can spot marijuana fields from the air. Pretty sure the military could find Wisconsin insurgents hiding in the woods. (not to mention satellites that can pinpoint an individual from space. I'm pretty sure our gov't has stuff WAY more powerful than google earth )
GrampaGreer wrote:And in reference to the comment by Mr. Bull about imperialism...My country is not Imperialistic. That is just commie crap. Our military presence in all of those other countries is a deterrent for any aggression against our allies. It allowed our allies to rebuild after 2 world wars and a "police action" in the course of 35 years, all of which would have been lost to the forces of evil if not for us.
I am fully prepared to have a peaceful and civil discussion with you as long as you refrain from name calling. I'm sure you wouldn't appreciate me referring to a statement you make as "hillbilly nonsense" as I don't really appreciate being referred to as a commie. Especially since I live in the state directly north of yours and don't really appreciate being called hillbilly myself. That being said, you're right. Our presence in Germany and Japan post WWII was necessary to maintain stability in regions decimated by war. I don't think 50k troops in Germany almost 70 years later is necessary, though. Especially since we have the capability to transport large troop numbers from US soil to anywhere in the world within 24 hrs.
Where we get imperialistic (in my opinion) is when we impose our beliefs on other nations. I'm not for Communism, but it might work for other countries and to go to war with someone simply because their gov't is fundamentally in opposition to our own is wrong. Communism works for China. Probably because they practice Capitalism. Canada is a Democracy but they practice Socialism. It works for them. That's what I was getting at. It's in our own self interest to remove our noses from the worlds business. We'd probably not be paying so much for gasoline if we'd just stop pissing off the middle east. Just saying. | <urn:uuid:692af521-ff00-4428-96a7-40ffe68b9460> | 2013-05-27T02:55:34Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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What's a map? Oh right, that stack of papers we used to carry around. The Mercury Capri of 1971 arrived standard with an articulating small spotlight (made by Hella for rally drivers) that would fold down from behind the rearview mirror and aim directly at the driver's or passenger's laps, illuminating a map without blinding the driver. It migrated to some Mustangs, but similar effective lighting wasn't available in the U.S. until the early 1990s, though without the precise intensity of the Capri's unit. By the late 1990s, map lights were finally commonjust in time for the slow obsolescence of paper maps.
Effective interior reading lights are still available only on high-end luxury cars. Map light, reading lightswhatever you want to call them, they never met expectations. | <urn:uuid:34288284-bb76-43f8-9a34-736c34574233> | 2013-05-27T02:55:10Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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PostgreSQL has a large object facility, which provides stream-style access to user data that is stored in a special large-object structure. Streaming access is useful when working with data values that are too large to manipulate conveniently as a whole.
This chapter describes the implementation and the programming and query language interfaces to PostgreSQL large object data. We use the libpq C library for the examples in this chapter, but most programming interfaces native to PostgreSQL support equivalent functionality. Other interfaces might use the large object interface internally to provide generic support for large values. This is not described here. | <urn:uuid:57a87af7-2167-4b33-94bb-7ef763afaa29> | 2013-05-27T02:55:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Review of Peat Surface Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Oil Palm Plantations in Southeast Asia05 March 2012
This white paper, published by the International Council on Clean Transportation, aims to assess likely rates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from tropical peatlands converted to oil palm plantations.
The paper says palm oil expansion in southeast Asia is strongly associated with conversion and degradation of peatland.
This report relates to lowland tropical peatlands in southeast Asia, specifically to those peatlands that have experienced land use change for oil palm plantation development.
The report provides guidance to economic modelers on an appropriate range of values and uncertainties for GHG emissions arising from peat degradation.
Review of Peat Surface Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Oil Palm Plantations in Southeast Asia | <urn:uuid:d3e0ab25-04dc-40a9-b4de-a7c70775f713> | 2013-05-26T09:34:49Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Scripture: Numbers 3:17 NIV These were the names of the sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath and Merari.
Observation: In this chapter we have listed the three sons of Levi and their sons. We also see their assignments in transporting the tabernacle through the wilderness into the Promised Land. The sons of Gershon are assigned the coverings and hangings (verse 25-26). The sons of Kohath are assigned the furniture (verse 31). And the sons of Merari are assigned the boards of the tabernacle and the pillars of the fence (verses 36-37) .
Application: Sometimes God gives me a specific individual assignment; sometimes God gives a specific assignment to my family, or my church, or to a ministry of which I am a part. I must be faithful in both settings.
Prayer: Lord, may I find joy in serving you individually and joy in serving you as a part of a larger ministry. Amen
Making friends for time and eternity! | <urn:uuid:45e8064a-7d76-4a1a-9519-c3558937397f> | 2013-05-27T02:54:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Results 1 to 5 of 5
28th February 2012 09:30 AM #1
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
I am planning on getting pregnant but I have some questions about my food habits. I am vegetarian and I do not eat meat. Do you think that this fact may affect the baby during pregnancy? What type of nutrients are essential during this step? And finally, what do you think may be the disadvantages of being vegetarian if I breastfeed my child?
Thanks in advance.
29th February 2012 02:43 AM #2
It is possible to eat a balanced diet that provides the nutrients you and your unborn baby will need when you are a vegetarian but you may need to take extra time ensuring you get all the right types of food. This article on Safe Eating and Drinking Before and During Pregnancy helpfully explains the different nutrients you need to be consuming. It is good to start eating a balanced diet even when you are trying to conceive.
As a vegetarian, you should ensure that each day you are eating some of these food groups:
-fruit and veg: it's good to aim for 5 portions of these a day
Protein, calcium and iron will be particularly important for you to eat when you are pregnant, but there are many vegetarian sources of these. Do you eat fish? The article above also describes what fish to eat and which should be avoided in pregnancy. You should also mention to your midwife that you are a vegetarian.
In terms of breastfeeding, again you can be a vegetarian and breastfeed without problems but you need to ensure you are eating the correct balance of nutrients. In breastfeeding, vitamin B12 is important. This can be gained from dairy products. The same is true of Calcium. You should also be having 12mg of Zinc a day. Some vegetarian mums take vitamin supplements to ensure they are getting these (other vitamin supplements can be taken during pregnancy) and other mums carefully plan their diet against the recommended guidelines for breastfeeding mums.
29th February 2012 03:26 AM #3
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
Thanks. This information is very helpful.
I will keep you informed.
1st March 2012 05:21 AM #4
ljmarsen gave you some good guidelines. I would also like to mention that some vegetarians actually have a hard time conceiving because they're not getting the full spectrum of amino acids which is more easily achieved by eating fish, poultry or meat.
I've seen women go on fish and/or poultry/meat during their preconception preparation and during their pregnancies and breastfeeding. Once these phases were over, they returned to a vegetarian diet.
You will need to read your body carefully and adjust as needed. Your body will usually give you clues as to whether it's getting enough of every nutrient or not. If you find that you start craving more protein during pregnancy, and that piece of meat actually looks really good to you, you may need to actually eat it in order to be sure your body is getting the nutrients it needs to support the development of your child and allow you to have the best chance of a full term, healthy pregnancy.
One thing I've noticed with many vegetarians is that they tend to eat a lot of simple carbohydrates like pizza, pasta, white bread, cake, etc. Be sure you're avoiding simple carbohydrates and eating whole grains instead.
4th March 2012 11:11 AM #5
- Join Date
- Dec 2011
It is completely possible to remain a vegetarian or even a vegan throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding. I know many women who have done it and have extremely healthy babies. It can be more difficult to maintain the right level of protein and iron, but it can most definitely be done.
During my own vegetarian pregnancies, I purchased two books which I think may be helpful for you. One was called "The Vegetarian Mother's Cookbook: Whole Foods to Nourish Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women- and Their Families" and the other was called "Your Vegetarian Pregnancy".
I hope that helps and I would also speak with your prenatal care provider to see if they have any suggestions. I know my midwife gave me an entire list of great non-animal based protein sources during my last pregnancy. | <urn:uuid:b0ea4e37-3525-4dbd-9886-b0d9a0582ecd> | 2013-05-27T02:55:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Conway elected to Cambridge Philosophical Society
Posted November 17, 2005; 08:47 p.m.
John Conway, the John von Neumann Professor in Applied and Computational Mathematics at Princeton, has been inducted into the Cambridge Philosophical Society as an honorary fellow.
He delivered the prize lecture, "The Free Will Theorem," to an audience of more than 500 on Nov. 9 at the University of Cambridge.
A graduate of Cambridge, Conway taught there for 25 years before joining the Princeton faculty in 1987. His fascination with games and puzzles has led him to important discoveries in areas of mathematics from number theory to geometry. He also is well known as the inventor of the Game of Life, in which checker-like objects replicate themselves and form patterns on a grid.
The Cambridge Philosophical Society, founded in 1819 "for the purpose of promoting scientific inquiry," includes honorary members and fellows. A fellow must be recommended in writing by three or more fellows; approved candidates are elected at open meetings of the society. | <urn:uuid:37e68be4-a96a-4783-8429-56a44c54b3eb> | 2013-05-26T09:42:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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-0.004034850746393204,... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954784 | 209 | http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S13/22/77C53/index.xml | 0.26704 |
A regular expression (regexp) is a text string that describes some set of strings.
Functions that handle regular expressions, based on GNU regexp-0.12, have been implemented (for more details, see the GNU documentation about regexp rules).
The functions available from Search menu provide search forward or backward and replace. Each of them prompts a dialog box to get the target regexp.
Regular expressions are composed of characters and operators that match one or more characters. Here is an abstract of commons operators:
|matches one of a choice of regular expressions.
[...]matches one item of a list.
[^...]matches a single character not represented by one of the list items.
(...)treats any number of other operators (i.e. subexpressions) as a unit.
\digit matches a specified preceding group.
^matches the beginning of line.
$matches the end of line.
Smac provides the following functions:
returns the position of the next regular expression regexp, or -1 if regexp has not been found, or -2 if regexp is not valid.
returns the position of the previous regular expression regexp, or -1 if regexp has not been found, or -2 if regexp is not valid.
returns the beginning position of the substring n of the regexp found by the previous search call to a regexp.
returns the end position of the substring n of the regexp found by the previous search call to a regexp.
replaces the regular expression regexp with the string newstring. If the argument regexp is ommited, the previous search call to a regexp is used. It returns 1 on success else 0. | <urn:uuid:3fca356f-7757-4c16-b824-ba85de9811d8> | 2013-05-26T09:41:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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-0... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.783699 | 370 | http://www.public.iastate.edu/~xcoral/node33.html | 0.841278 |
Why? Because you can! And pickle, and jam, or otherwise celebrate the resurgence of the domestic arts our forebears held so dear. Put on your best apron and step into our kitchen, won't you?
A great summer time infusion to beat the sweltering heat of the summer. It's simple to make, and takes about 2 weeks to infuse. Try using fresh blueberries and Tito's Vodka. Good luck and enjoy! | <urn:uuid:7c2ad5f5-784c-44d0-af2e-9665c7798416> | 2013-05-26T09:42:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Why? Because you can! And pickle, and jam, or otherwise celebrate the resurgence of the domestic arts our forebears held so dear. Put on your best apron and step into our kitchen, won't you?
Is your foraged fruit full of worms? Don't despair! 5 tips to maximize your food harvest and reduce the waste. | <urn:uuid:730c3846-8650-4bcc-9986-3fee39113b6e> | 2013-05-26T09:42:48Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Type your shout above. Afterwards, enter the game you wish to shout about to the left. By selecting a game you're more likely to get a response to what you need. You can choose not to enter a specific game if you'd like.
ex. I'm stuck in a room with a box and a gnome. How do I get out? | <urn:uuid:58969385-fe94-4e7c-bc9b-9a3e0edb302c> | 2013-05-26T09:41:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Storing an item in a locker doubles it's base price. If you find this out by storing a subdungeon bonus item (especially one that has a base price of 100) then you are in for some sticker shock. Honestly, I don't know how I feel about this. It's a lot more reasonable to pay 32 to bring out a mana pendant when I'm playing a wizard or sorcerer.
You can't cut back on kingdom funding. You will regret this! | <urn:uuid:f3be13df-aea6-4a13-aeba-e6cd8e2d9055> | 2013-05-26T09:41:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Technological improvements help digital X-rays close the cost gap with film radiography.
The continuous evolution of X-ray sources, detectors and software has led to a migration from analog to digital X-ray inspection systems in the nondestructive testing (NDT) industry. Digital X-ray's lower operating costs have given them a significant competitive advantage over film radiography solutions, as they eliminate the expenses involved in buying films, maintaining a darkroom, obtaining space for archiving film records, and purchasing chemicals for processing film radiographs.
New analysis from Frost & Sullivan
, Analysis of the Industrial Digital X-ray Inspection Systems Market
, finds that the market earned revenues of $309.4 million in 2011 and estimates this to reach $509.4 million in 2016.
The recent hike in price of silver, an important component in production of film, has increased this product's cost by as much as 30 percent, depending on the manufacturer. Film radiography consumers, subsequently, have witnessed higher operating costs and are turning toward digital X-ray solutions that offer greater savings in costs. Despite film radiography's lower capital costs, its escalating operating costs will render digital X-ray solutions more attractive to consumers.
Currently, film radiography dominates emerging markets, the engines powering growth for the global economy. Film radiography's low capital investment and comparatively inexpensive labor within the emerging economies have popularized it in these nations. As a result, these markets' preference for film radiography is expected to curtail the demand for digital X-rays. However, with a reduction in price of digital X-ray inspection systems, the cost disadvantage could be nullified in the next five to six years.
"Digital X-ray equipment manufacturers need to aggressively market their products in emerging economies and convince end-user industries of the cost savings that can be achieved with their technology," said Frost & Sullivan Research Analyst Nikhil Jain. "Their concerted efforts will help them explore opportunities in these high-growth markets."
Digital X-ray equipment manufacturers could also promote the environmental friendliness of their technology, as it does not need chemicals to develop a radiographic shot. Moreover, the amount of radiation required for acquiring an image is considerably less, resulting in reduced radiation exposure and associated hazards. Digital X-rays also stand out for their improved image quality due to the advances in imaging technology.
"In applications related to the electronics industry, digital X-ray solutions offer a much better resolution than film," noted Jain. "Participants need to continue enhancing the quality of images to extend their products' application scope to industries such as aerospace, military and defense."
If you are interested in more information on this research, please send an email to Jeannette Garcia, corporate communications, at email@example.com
, with your full name, company name, title, telephone number, company email address, company website, city, state and country. | <urn:uuid:855fa4df-4bcc-426d-8990-305b8f6ae5fa> | 2013-05-26T09:42:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The E! television network has made the sinful decision to fire Kathy Griffin from her role as red-carpet lookeyloo at The Golden Globes. And what’s worse, they didn’t even have the decency to tell her to her lineless face. Her lawyer had to hear about it when he called E! Prez Ted Harbert to ask what’s going on with the show.
When Griffin’s people called Harbert, “Apparently Ted told my reps that the E! red carpet is a puzzle and I am a piece of the puzzle, which is a wonderful puzzle piece, but I don’t fit this particular puzzle and that when I see the puzzle, I will get it. I am a piece that doesn’t understand only because they can’t tell me who will take over.
“They kept saying, ‘When you see the new puzzle, you will know it is not a personal insult.’ I was like, are you kidding? I got canned, bottom line. I can’t even be like Star Jones and be like, ‘Oh, I have a book tour coming up!’
Look, E! you can’t survive without the gay audience and the gay audience can’t survive without Kathy Griffin and Renee Zellwegger going toe-to-toe. Bring back Kathy and pronto! Someone who’s not lazy like us should start a petition.
E! Axes ‘Puzzle Piece’ Griffin [NY Post} | <urn:uuid:bf673ff8-03a0-4654-80f1-ad7b6f5497cc> | 2013-05-26T09:42:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Setting Up FaceTime
FaceTime uses your email address for making FaceTime calls between people. There's no phone number, just email addresses.
To set up FaceTime before you start to use it, follow these steps:
From the home panel of the Home screen, tap Settings.
The Settings screen appears.
The FaceTime settings screen appears, requesting your Apple ID, as shown in Figure 10.2.
Figure 10.2 Use your Apple ID to sign in to FaceTime.
- If you don't have an Apple ID, tap Create New Account, and follow the steps shown to create one. Otherwise, skip to Step 4.
Enter your user name and password. Tap Sign In.
You're signed in to FaceTime.
Enter the email address you wish to use as a "handle" for FaceTime calls. Tap Verify. If requested, check your email Inbox and follow the instructions in the FaceTime email you are sent.
Apple verifies the email address. You are presented with the FaceTime Settings screen, shown in Figure 10.3.
Figure 10.3 You can turn FaceTime on and off, and add more email addresses.
- To turn FaceTime off, so that no one can call you, turn the FaceTime slider to Off.
- To add an email address, tap Add Another Email, and follow the onscreen instructions. | <urn:uuid:e2b6bab6-8c24-406b-a3bd-ac29a560a77c> | 2013-05-27T02:56:10Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Frank Hall Crane (1 January 1873 - 1 September 1948), was an American stage and film actor and director. He appeared in 75 films between 1909 and 1939. He also directed 48 films between 1914 and 1927. His first screen writing included The Stolen Voice in 1915
Medical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine
Your email address:
We will not expose you real name or email address.
We're just making sure you're a real person and not a machine.
Upload a new image | <urn:uuid:08f499a8-240b-4610-b745-223330426280> | 2013-05-26T09:36:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Upgrade to the Flash 9 viewer for enhanced content, including the ability to browse & search through your favorite titles.
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St. Jago-Cape de Verd Islands
Porto Praya-Ribeira Grande-Atmospheric Dust with Infusoria-Habits of a Sea-slug and Cuttle-fish-St. Paul's Rocks, non-volcanic-Singular Incrustations-Insects the first Colonists of Islands-Fernando Noronha-Bahia-Burnished Rocks-Habits of a Diodon-Pelagic Confervæ and
Infusoria-Causes of discoloured Sea.
After having been twice driven back by heavy southwestern gales, Her Majesty's ship Beagle, a ten-gun brig, under the command of Captain Fitz Roy, R. N., sailed from Devonport on the 27th of December, 1831. The object of the expedition was to complete the survey of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, commenced under Captain King in 1826 to 1830-to survey the shores of Chile, Peru, and of some islands in the Pacific-and to carry a chain of chronometrical measurements round the World. On the 6th of January we reached Teneriffe, but were prevented landing, by fears of our bringing the cholera: the next morning we saw the sun rise behind the rugged outline of the Grand Canary island, and suddenly illuminate the Peak of Teneriffe, whilst the lower parts were veiled in fleecy clouds. This was the first of many delightful days never to be forgotten. On the 16th of January, 1832, we anchored at Porto Praya, in St. Jago, the chief island of the Cape de Verd archipelago.
The neighbourhood of Porto Praya, viewed from the sea, wears a desolate aspect. The volcanic fires of a past age, and the scorching heat of a tropical sun, have in most places rendered the soil unfit for vegetation. The country rises in successive steps of table-land, interspersed with some truncate conical hills, and the horizon is bounded by an irregular chain of more lofty mountains. The scene, as beheld through the hazy atmosphere of this climate, is one of great interest; if, indeed, a person, fresh from sea, and who has just walked, for the first time, in a grove of cocoa-nut trees, can be a judge of anything but his own happiness. The island would generally be considered as very uninteresting; but to anyone accustomed only to an English landscape, the novel aspect of an utterly sterile land possesses a grandeur which more vegetation might spoil. A single green leaf can scarcely be discovered over wide tracts of the lava plains; yet flocks of goats, together with a few cows, contrive to exist. It rains very seldom, but during a short portion of the year heavy torrents fall, and immediately afterwards a light vegetation springs out of every crevice. This soon withers; and upon such naturally formed hay the animals live. It had not now rained for an entire year. When the island was discovered, the immediate neighbourhood of Porto Praya was clothed with 'rees,1 the reckless destruction of which has caused here, as at St. Helena, and at some of the Canary islands, almost entire sterility. The broad, flat-bottomed valleys, many of which serve during a few days only in the season as water-courses, are clothed with thickets of leafless bushes. Few living creatures inhabit these valleys. The commonest bird is a kingfisher (Dacelo Iagoensis), which tamely sits on the branches of the castor-oil plant, and thence darts on grasshoppers and lizards. It is brightly coloured, but not so beautiful as the European species: in its flight, manners, and place of habitation, which is generally in the driest valley, there is also a wide difference.
One day, two of the officers and myself rode to Ribeira Grande, a village a few miles eastward of Porto Praya. Until we reached the valley of St. Martin, the country presented its usual dull brown appearance; but here, a very small rill of water produces a most refreshing margin of luxuriant vegetation. In the course of an hour we arrived at Ribeira Grande, and were surprised at the sight of a large ruined fort and cathedral. This little town, before its harbour was filled up, was the principal place in the island: it now presents a melancholy, but very picturesque appearance. Having procured a black Padre for a guide, and a Spaniard who had served in the Peninsular war as an interpreter, we visited a collection of buildings, of which an ancient church formed the principal part. It is here the governors and captain-generals of the islands have been buried. Some of the tombstones recorded dates of the sixteenth century.2 The heraldic ornaments were the only things in this retired place that reminded us of Europe. The church or chapel formed one side of a quadrangle, in the middle of which a large clump of bananas were growing. On another side was a hospital, containing about a dozen miserable-looking inmates.
We returned to the Vênda to eat our dinners. A considerable number of men, women, and children, all as black as jet, collected to watch us. Our companions were extremely merry; and everything we said or did was followed by their hearty laughter. Before leaving the town we visited the cathedral. It does not appear so rich as the smaller church, but boasts of a little organ, which sent forth singularly inharmonious cries. We presented the black priest with a few shillings, and the Spaniard, patting him on the head, said, with much candour, he thought his colour made no great difference. We then returned, as fast as the ponies would go, to Porto Praya.
Another day we rode to the village of St. Domingo, situated near the centre of the island. On a small plain which we crossed, a few stunted acacias were growing; their tops had been bent by the steady trade-wind, in a singular manner-some of them even at right angles to their trunks. The direction of the branches was exactly N. E. by N., and S. W. by S., and these natural vanes must indicate the prevailing direction of the force of the trade-wind. The travelling had made so little impression on the barren soil, that we here missed our track, and took that to Fuentes. This we did not find out till we arrived there; and we were afterwards glad of our mistake. Fuentes is a pretty village, with a small stream, and everything appeared to prosper well, excepting, indeed, that which ought to do so most-its inhabitants. The black children, completely naked, and looking very wretched, were carrying bundles of firewood half as big as their own bodies.
Near Fuentes we saw a large flock of guinea-fowl-probably fifty or sixty in number. They were extremely wary, and could not be approached. They avoided us, like partridges on a rainy day in September, running with their heads cocked up; and if pursued, they readily took to the wing.
The scenery of St. Domingo possesses a beauty totally unexpected, from the prevalent gloomy character of the rest of the island. The village is situated at the bottom of a valley, bounded by lofty and jagged walls of stratified lava. The black rocks afford a most striking contrast with the bright green vegetation, which follows the banks of a little stream of clear water. It happened to be a grand feast-day, and the village was full of people. On our return we overtook a party of about twenty young black girls, dressed in excellent taste; their black skins and snow-white linen being set off by coloured turbans and large shawls. As soon as we approached near, they suddenly all turned round, and covering the path with their shawls, sung with great energy a wild song, beating time with their hands upon their legs. We threw them some vintéms, which were received with screams of laughter, and we left them redoubling the noise of their song.
One morning the view was singularly clear; the distant mountains being projected with the sharpest outline on a heavy bank of dark blue clouds. Judging from the appearance, and from similar cases in England, I supposed that the air was saturated with moisture. The fact, however, turned out quite the contrary. The hygrometer gave a difference of 29.6 degrees, between the temperature of the air, and the point at which dew was precipitated. This difference was nearly double that which I had observed on the previous mornings. This unusual degree of atmospheric dryness was accompanied by continual flashes of lightning. Is it not an uncommon case, thus to find a remarkable degree of aerial transparency with such a state of weather?
Generally the atmosphere is hazy; and this is caused by the falling of impalpably fine dust, which was found to have slightly injured the astronomical instruments. The morning before we anchored at Porto Praya, I collected a little packet of this brown-coloured fine dust, which appeared to have been filtered from the wind by the gauze of the vane at the masthead. Mr. Lyell has also given me four packets of dust which fell on a vessel a few hundred miles northward of these islands. Professor Ehrenberg3 finds that this dust consists in great part of infusoria with siliceous shields, and of the siliceous tissue of plants. In five little packets which I sent him, he has ascertained no less than sixty-seven different organic forms! The infusoria, with the exception of two marine species, are all inhabitants of fresh-water. I have found no less than fifteen different accounts of dust having fallen on vessels when far out in the Atlantic. From the direction of the wind whenever it has fallen, and from its having always fallen during those months when the harmattan is known to raise clouds of dust high into the atmosphere, we may feel sure that it all comes from Africa. It is, however, a very singular fact, that, although Professor Ehrenberg knows many species of infusoria peculiar to Africa, he finds none of these in the dust which I sent him. On the other hand, he finds in it two species which hitherto he knows as living only in South America. The dust falls in such quantities as to dirty everything on board, and to hurt people's eyes; vessels even have run on shore owing to the obscurity of the atmosphere. It has often fallen on ships when several hundred, and even more than a thousand miles from the coast of Africa, and at points sixteen hundred miles distant in a north and south direction. In some dust which was collected on a vessel three hundred miles from the land, I was much surprised to find particles of stone above the thousandth of an inch square, mixed with finer matter. After this fact one need not be surprised at the diffusion of the far lighter and smaller sporules of cryptogamic plants.
The geology of this island is the most interesting part of its natural history. On entering the harbour, a perfectly horizontal white band, in the face of the sea cliff, may be seen running for some miles along the coast, and at the height of about forty-five feet above the water. Upon examination, this white stratum is found to consist of calcareous matter, with numerous shells embedded, most or all of which now exist on the neighbouring coast. It rests on ancient volcanic rocks, and has been covered by a stream of basalt, which must have entered the sea when the white shelly bed was lying at the bottom. It is interesting to trace the changes, produced by the heat of the overlying lava, on the friable mass, which in parts has been converted into a crystalline limestone, and in other parts into a compact spotted stone. Where the lime has been caught up by the scoriaceous fragments of the lower surface of the stream, it is converted into groups of beautifully radiated fibres resembling arragonite. The beds of lava rise in successive gently-sloping plains, towards the interior, whence the deluges of melted stone have originally proceeded. Within historical times, no signs of volcanic activity have, I believe, been manifested in any part of St. Jago. Even the form of a crater can but rarely be discovered on the summits of the many red cindery hills; yet the more recent streams can be distinguished on the coast, forming lines of cliffs of less height, but stretching out in advance of those belonging to an older series: the height of the cliffs thus affording a rude measure of the age of the streams.
During our stay, I observed the habits of some marine animals. A large Aplysia is very common. This sea-slug is about five inches long; and is of a dirty yellowish colour, veined with purple. On each side of the lower surface, or foot, there is a broad membrane, which appears sometimes to act as a ventilator, in causing a current of water to flow over the dorsal branchiæ or lungs. It feeds on the delicate sea-weeds which grow among the stones in muddy and shallow water; and I found in its stomach several small pebbles, as in the gizzard of a bird. This slug, when disturbed, emits a very fine purplish-red fluid, which stains the water for the space of a foot around. Besides this means of defence, an acrid secretion, which is spread over its body, causes a sharp, stinging sensation, similar to that produced by the Physalia, or Portuguese man-of-war.
I was much interested, on several occasions, by watching the habits of an Octopus, or cuttle-fish. Although common in the pools of water left by the retiring tide, these animals were not easily caught. By means of their long arms and suckers, they could drag their bodies into very narrow crevices; and when thus fixed, it required great force to remove them. At other times they darted tail first, with the rapidity of an arrow, from one side of the pool to the other, at the same instant discolouring the water with a dark chestnut-brown ink. These animals also escape detection by a very extraordinary, chameleon-like power of changing their colour. They appear to vary their tints according to the nature of the ground over which they pass: when in deep water, their general shade was brownish purple, but when placed on the land, or in shallow water, this dark tint changed into one of a yellowish green. The colour, examined more carefully, was a French grey, with numerous minute spots of bright yellow: the former of these varied in intensity; the latter entirely disappeared and appeared again by turns. These changes were effected in such a manner, that clouds, varying in tint between a hyacinth red and a chestnut-brown,4 were continually passing over the body. Any part, being subjected to a slight shock of galvanism, became almost black: a similar effect, but in a less degree, was produced by scratching the skin with a needle. These clouds, or blushes as they may be called, are said to be produced by the alternate expansion and contraction of minute vesicles containing variously coloured fluids.5 | <urn:uuid:f6600a3d-16f5-4493-bf3f-a7ca8425d183> | 2013-05-26T09:42:27Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Lin has touted the Atlanta-based rapper Lecrae as his musical inspiration.
The date was Jan. 27, 2012, around 5:30 p.m., two hours before tipoff between the Miami Heat and New York Knicks. That's when Jeremy Lin met with the Heat's chaplain inside the bowels of American Airlines Arena. They prayed together that Lin would stay with the Knicks, who were considering releasing him in just a couple of days.
Well, we all know what happened next: Linsanity.
But what many people don't know is that Lin, who's a devout Christian, is still searching for answers -- nine months since his coming-out party -- because he hasn't yet adjusted to all of the global attention.
Lecrae, whom Lin calls his favorite rapper, found that out firsthand when the two of them met about three weeks ago after one of the rapper's shows in Houston, where the point guard is now living.
"What Jeremy talked to me about was just the reality of everyone kind of pulling at him, and a lot of people expecting him to make decisions that would please them," Lecrae told ESPN Playbook earlier this week. "He's kind of a reserved kid, a reserved young man, and it's not really his demeanor to be all in the mix like that, and to be pulled every which way.
"He was talking about that struggle and that wrestle, and I'm a firm believer in God. That's one of the things I was encouraging him, which I do with my music as well. I'm a firm believer that God has the answer, and God will provide the solution that you ultimately need. I just told him to stay connected to him in every which way. That's kind of what we talked about."
It turns out that Lecrae, who specializes in Christian hip-hop and recently dropped his sixth studio album, "Gravity," is highly sought after by players around the league -- and even team chaplains -- for his prayer sessions. Lecrae either does them at the arena or stadium or the visiting team's hotel, typically starting two hours before the game and lasting 45 minutes.
They're usually scheduled when Lecrae is in a certain city performing, or when there's a game featuring a team with whom he has a good relationship. Since initiating his chapel services last year, free of charge, he's developed relationships with Team USA men's basketball and the Kings and Timberwolves in the NBA; the Giants, Falcons and Buccaneers in the NFL; and the Yankees, Braves, White Sox and Diamondbacks in MLB. His next chapel service is on Dec. 16 with the Giants in Atlanta, where they play the Falcons.
While taking a break from his current nationwide "Unashamed Tour 2012: Come Alive,” Lecrae spoke with ESPN Playbook about his spiritually driven hip-hop, how he helps the pros and his own sports interests.
So I hear you have a special connection with a lot of athletes because of the unique messages in your music.
Yeah, everywhere I go -- different states, different cities. In Pittsburgh recently, we got to hang out with Andrew McCutchen and some of the Pirates. In Chicago, some of the Cubs came out. We hung out with some of the Cardinals when we get to Arizona, so it's been good, man. Professional athletes are showing a lot of support, and I'm really honored.
Why do you think they relate so much to your songs?
I think a lot of players have foundations in their faith, and they really see that permeate in every other aspect of their lives. Music is just one of the areas, and I think a lot of guys love hip-hop or rap music, but they tend to not have hip-hop or rap music that kind of co-signs their views on life. So I think that's kind of what I provide them. Also, I just like to get guys amped up before games as well. Myself being athletically inclined, I like to have music that pumps me up, too.
When did you first start developing relationships in sports?
I did a concert at a sports camp in Missouri [in 2003] and it was for a lot of inner-city kids, and I think there I started developing relationships with a lot of college athletes. Over time, some of them have gone on to play in the leagues, and we've kept in touch. And then on top of that, they've just been spreading the word, and I think a lot of guys love being able to give their teammates some music that will inspire them.
Which athletes are you closest with today?
Mike Ehrmann/Getty Images
Bubba Watson is one of Lecrae's athlete pals.
Bubba Watson and I are pretty close. We hang out from time to time, and he comes to Atlanta, where I live, and I go out to Phoenix, where he lives. Dwight Howard and I are buddies, Justin Forsett who plays for the Houston Texans, Anthony Tolliver who's now on the Hawks -- there are a lot of guys. Nolan Smith from the Trail Blazers. They're just buddies, man. It's just friends. We enjoy athletics, we enjoy hip-hop and we have similar backgrounds, similar stories.
What was your reaction when you heard Lin say last season that you were his favorite rapper?
It was really encouraging. It was really inspiring to be able to have that support. Because really, at the end of the day, these are guys, these are people, and they don't have it all figured out. They're playing professional sports, and there's a lot of demands on them, and so you just want to be able to be in their corner and serve them. And I think my music does that in a lot of ways. I'm relating to them, just giving them insights on life.
Why do you think Christian hip-hop has recently become more popular?
I tend not to call it Christian hip-hop because I think it would be limited to being only for Christians. I think it's responsible hip-hop. I think it paints a broad picture of life, and it doesn't just limit life to just kind of instinctual pleasure, power pleasure and possession.
You see [the "30 for 30" documentary] "Broke" and see all these guys who are losing funds. It's a reality that's happened for them, but there's a lot of baggage that comes with that. And guys are looking for answers and are looking for wisdom in a lot of areas that a lot of people aren't giving to them. And so that's one of the things that I look to do. When I get an opportunity, I try to do chapel services for some of the pro players, just to try to give them reality.
When you run your chapel services with players, what are some of the biggest issues you discuss with them?
I think one of the biggest issues is really just significance and purpose, and not having your identity wrapped up in your performance on the field, because you're more than a professional athlete. You're more than your talent and your skill. You're a whole person. It's just encouraging guys when they get injured or when no one's cheering for them anymore -- that they're still significant. They still have purpose. That's pretty much been a general issue for a lot of guys -- it's the performance trap.
It's interesting how even the team chaplains invite you. What significance does that have?
It's good for the athletes when somebody looks like them, talks like them, grew up how they grew up and dealt with some of the pressures in some ways. That's always hopeful.
At your New York City show two weeks ago, you performed "Falling Down" from your newest album, which I related to sports in that even if you have a bad game, you pick yourself right back up for the next one.
The rapper's sixth LP, "Gravity," was released in September.
Yeah. I think that's the whole basis behind my album, "Gravity," is that life is waiting, and there are issues and circumstances that pull us down. And as they pull us down, you've got to remember that these circumstances are building endurance, perseverance and they're molding you into the person that you're supposed to be. I just remind them that one moment doesn't define your whole life -- you're not defined by a failure and there's more life left to live.
So what's your sports background?
Mostly recreational. I just enjoy getting out there and doing it. I fell victim as a kid. I was the tallest kid. I'm 6-4, but I fell victim to all my coaches saying, "Put him in the post." Then all of a sudden, you're 16 and all you know is post moves, and you never worked on your handle or anything like that. So I'm a late bloomer.
Where do you play basketball now?
We did an arena tour last year and we got into these arenas and just played. We were in Dallas and got to get on the Mavericks court. In Phoenix, we got to get on the practice court and just get out there and play a little bit. Fortunately for me, none of the guys have come out there and embarrassed me.
Who was your childhood sports idol?
I was a big Ray Allen and Kerry Kittles fan. I just loved seeing the Villanova-Connecticut battle when I was a kid, just seeing that go down. And I loved Allen Iverson. Every kid loved Michael Jordan. He's an icon.
Which modern athlete do you love to hate?
That's gotta be Kobe Bryant, man. He's just a phenomenal player, but if you just want to see your team do well, here comes Kobe and your people can't hold him.
What team would make you happiest if it won a championship?
The Hawks would be the one, man. They're always so close and they do well in the season, but just something happens. I don't know what's going on in the front office or anything like that, but hopefully there will be some adjustments and some things changing.
What is your favorite sports memory as a fan or participant?
The big memory for me would probably be when I was a little-bitty kid [in elementary school in Denver], and I remember the principal told us that some pro basketball player was going to come speak at our school. They sent me to the office to go get him, and he was Dikembe Mutombo. And I just remember being scared out of my mind about how massive that dude was. I was like, "What in the world?" I got to walk him to my classroom. I was petrified. He was so big and his voice was so deep.
What is your most prized piece of sports memorabilia?
One is a Juan Pierre signed jersey and then my big one is a football that Tony Dungy signed for me. He sent it to my house with a message. He just said, "I'm really proud of you, really encouraged by all the things you're doing and how you're trying to transform these people's lives." He sent me a commemorative football, and it was signed by him.
He had some people that worked with him actually introduce him to my music, and he had a campaign trying to encourage fathers. And I had a song called, "Just Like You" that was about young boys who grow up without their fathers. Just fatherlessness. We just kind of teamed up for his All-Pro Dad campaign. Man, he's just been a great leader and somebody who I really admire, and I've been honored to serve him any way I could. | <urn:uuid:7d970af7-febf-4979-b975-989a98a06ff9> | 2013-05-26T09:36:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Calories is a simple matter of measuring the exact energy of a food.
Weight loss -- and how calories affect our extra fat -- THAT is a totally different story. This is all pretty complicated, and it affected by our metabolism, activity level, what we have been eating before this, etc. If you are GENUINELY hungry (ie hunger pang, tummy feels empty) and eat then, even if it is a lot of calories, no matter what it's unlikely for you to GAIN fat.
And calories your body recognizes -- i.e. "real" food -- are on the other end of the spectrum, on the happy, not gaining extra weight, not feeling sluggish afterwards, side.
So, for now at least, just eat good raw food, and you will likely lose some weight if there is some to lose. If you seem to be craving fat, go for the avocados or coconut or whatever. Just eat good raw food, and you're set for now.
And I don't know if you know about green smoothies yet. If you don't, here is a very quick summary: smoothie with some fruit and some green leaves, maybe some water and ice too if you like. It can be lots of fruit and a few leaves or whatever. This will probably help you with the headaches. You lose minerals when you're detoxing. This will help with that and also help you to detox through your bowels rather than with other symptoms. | <urn:uuid:2db7f364-e088-4ed8-a6f1-085f37103b61> | 2013-05-26T09:42:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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A Short History of the Permanent Diaconate
THE EARLY CHURCH
Traditionally, the beginning of the order of deacons is traced back to the story in Acts of the Apostles, Acts 6: 1-6. Whether this pertains to the history of the ordained order of deacons as they developed in the early centuries of the church is in dispute, but it is very much in the spirit in which the diaconate was and has been understood ever since. Very early in the history of the church, deacons were understood to hold a special place in the community, along with bishops and presbyters. The role of all ordained ministries is to be modeled on the life of Christ, and that of deacons especially was and still is, that of Christ the servant. Perhaps the earliest reference to deacons in this sense (ca. 53 A.D.?) occurs in St. Paul's letter to the Philippians in which he addresses "all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons".
However, it would be a mistake to interpret the servant role too literally as one of "waiting on tables". One of the seven first deacons, Stephen, was stoned to death because of his bold preaching of the Gospel, Acts 6: 8-15, 7: 54-60 . He is the first recognized martyr of the church, and his feast day is celebrated on December 26. Of the remaining seven, those of whom we have historical knowledge, it is clear that their ministry also quickly broadened to preaching and spreading the Gospel message.
The deacon became the eyes and ears of the bishop, his "right hand man". The bishop's principal assistant became known as the "archdeacon", and was often charged with heavy responsibilities, especially in the financial administration of the local church, above all in distribution of funds and goods to the poor. One measure of the importance of the deacon in the early church is the number of deacons elected pope in the early Middle Ages. Of the thirty-seven men elected pope between 432 and 684 A.D., only three are known to have been ordained to priest before their election to the Chair of Peter. (Llewellyn)
During the first Christian millennium deacons undertook, as the bishops' assistants, the functions that are today those of the vicar general, the judicial vicar, the vicar capitular, the cathedral chapter and the oeconome, or finance officer. In current canon law these are almost exclusively priests' functions. (Galles)
John Collins, writing in Pastoral Review, has this to say about the meaning of "diakonia" as understood in the early church:
"Two final segments: firstly my description of the semantic character of diakon- as applied to deacons in the early church (from Appendix I, Diakonia, p. 337).
As is well known, Vatican II cited this “not unto the priesthood, but unto the ministry” in Lumen Gentium. Thus it was understood that deacons were ordained not for any specific set of duties for serving the needy but to serve the bishop in whatever set of duties he would determine. The circumstances today are, of course, far different than in the early church. The size and complexity of the modern diocese makes such an intimate relationship with the bishop impractical. Although deacons serve in a wide variety of settings, including hospitals and prisons, the focus for today's deacon is normally parish based. However, he retains the historical tie with his bishop, whose "servant" he remains. The major point we should take from a study of early church history and the witness of the early Fathers of the Church is that they acknowledge the importance of the diaconal ministry. Saint Ignatius of Antioch, about 100 AD, says that it would be impossible to have the Church without bishops, priests and deacons. He explains that their task was nothing less than to continue ‘the ministry of Jesus Christ'.
Beginning as early as the fifth century, there was a gradual decline in the permanent diaconate in the Latin church, although it remained, right to the present, a vital part of the Eastern churches, both Catholic and Orthodox. One important factor was simply a failure on the part of both presbyters and deacons to understand the unique value of the diaconate as a distinct order in its own right. Deacons with too much power were often self-important and proud. Presbyters, on their part, were resentful at the fact that often deacons had power over them! St. Jerome demanded to know why deacons had so much power – "After all, deacons could not preside at Eucharist, and presbyters were really the same as bishops". By the early middle ages, the diaconate was perceived largely as only an intermediate step toward the reception of ordination to the priesthood. It was this prevailing attitude of the "cursus honorum" that was most responsible for the decline of the diaconate. The "cursus honorum" was simply the attitude of "rising through the ranks", following a tradition of gradual promotion, inherited from practices of secular government of the Roman Empire. Most older Catholics will be familiar with the many levels of "minor orders" and "major orders". First came the liturgical rite of "tonsure" which conferred upon a man the status of "cleric", and made him eligible for ordination. Then came the minor orders of porter, lector, exorcist and acolyte. These were ordinations but they were not sacraments. Finally came the major orders of sub deacon, deacon and priest. Sub diaconate, although a major order, was not a sacrament. The sub deacon did not receive a stole. Deacon and priest were, of course, sacramental in character. The whole process is well illustrated in a drawing (thanks to Dr. William Ditewig):
"Then, in 1972, Paul VI, following the direction of Vatican II, issued Ministeria quaedam, which realigned these things for the Latin Rite. Tonsure was suppressed, and now a person becomes a cleric through SACRAMENTAL ORDINATION AS A DEACON; this was a change to a pattern of more than 1000 years standing! The Pope also suppressed the minor orders altogether, converting two of them into "lay" ministries no longer requiring ordination; he also suppressed the subdiaconate, shifting the promise of celibacy to the diaconate. That left only two orders, both sacraments, from the old schema. Since Vatican II itself had taught about the sacramental nature of the bishop, we wound up with the three-fold ordained ministry that we have now, all of which are conferred by ordination and all of which confer a sacramental "character." Finally, the three orders are further subdivided by those orders that are sacerdotal (bishop and presbyter) and the orders that are diaconal (bishop and deacon). Yes, right now, presbyters are also deacons because they were ordained transitional deacons on their way to the presbyterate, BUT, as Guiseppe points out, this could be easily changed, and many are arguing for that (it's not likely anytime soon, but the case still needs to be pushed!)" (Ditewig)
The time finally came during deliberations of the Second Vatican Council in 1963, calling for restoration of the diaconate as a permanent level of Holy Orders. In June 1967 Pope Paul VI implemented this decree of the Council when he published the Apostolic letter Diaconatus Ordinem, in which he re-established the permanent diaconate in the Latin Church. The Council in its Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (Lumen Gentium) returns to the roots of the diaconate which we have previously discussed, roots going back to the New Testament and the early church Fathers:
At a lower level of the hierarchy are deacons, upon whom hands are imposed "not unto the priesthood, but unto a ministry of service". For strengthened by sacramental grace, in communion with the bishop and his group of priests they serve in the diaconate of the liturgy, of the word, and of charity to the people of God. It is the duty of the deacon, according as it shall have been assigned to him by competent authority, to administer baptism solemnly, to be custodian and dispenser of the Eucharist, to assist at and bless marriages in the name of the Church, to bring Viaticum to the dying, to read the Sacred Scripture to the faithful, to instruct and exhort the people, to preside over the worship and prayer of the faithful, to administer sacramentals, to officiate at funeral and burial services. Dedicated to duties of charity and of administration, let deacons be mindful of the admonition of Blessed Polycarp: "Be merciful, diligent, walking according to the truth of the Lord, who became the servant of all." (Lumen Gentium para. 29)
And so we have come full circle. The permanent diaconate has proved to be a resounding success, growing at an astounding rate throughout the world, but nowhere so much as here in the United States. The theology of the diaconate has yet to be fully explored, but with the help of the Holy Spirit, it will mature.
An excellent selection of books dealing with both the history and theology of the diaconate is available from the National Association of Diaconate Directors, http://www.nadd.org/publications.html .
For an excellent recent (Nov. 2006) scholarly article dealing with the meaning of "diakonia" see http://www.thepastoralreview.org/cgi-bin/archive_db.cgi?priestsppl-00127 . | <urn:uuid:13493cb6-b079-4ca5-9483-997395b28779> | 2013-05-27T02:55:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Place potatoes in a heavy saucepan with enough water to cover. Bring to a boil, and cook until tender when pierced, 20 to 25 minutes. When cool enough to handle, cut into 1/4-inch thick slices. Place in a bowl. Meanwhile, make the dressing: In a small skillet over medium heat, fry the bacon until just crisp, 5 to 6 minutes. Add 1/2 C. of the onion and sauté until just tender but not brown, 2 to 3 minutes. Remove from the heat. In a small bowl, stir together the flour, sugar, salt and pepper. Stir in 1/4 C. of the vinegar and 1/2 C. water until smooth. Taste and add more vinegar if the mixture is not tart enough. Add the flour mixture to the bacon, then simmer over low heat, stirring, until slightly thickened, 4 to 5 minutes. Pour the hot dressing over the potatoes and add the remaining 1/4 C. onion, the parsley and the celery seed. Toss the salad by pouring it from one bowl to another until the potatoes are well coated. Serve the salad immediately, or let cool, cover, and refrigerate overnight, then serve cold. | <urn:uuid:8b98fb67-f706-41c1-9d54-3f5d4a7ad95c> | 2013-05-26T09:42:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Thanks to Trim Electric, a Houston electrical contractor, for these tips on choosing the right light bulb. Biggest tip? Wattage is how much energy the light bulb consumes; not how bright the bulb is. Another tip: Xenon bulbs are a good alternative to halogen bulbs. Third biggest tip: Find out what the wattage of the fixture is before purchasing a bulb for it.View original post. | <urn:uuid:47b765ca-88d4-4ac2-b186-dd65948bac24> | 2013-05-27T02:56:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Male Athlete of the Week: Watertown's Brendan Murphy
What is the last song you downloaded? Day and Night by Kid Cutty and Jim Jones.
What was your funniest sports moment? Me and my friend stretched a surgical tube throughout the whole pool and my friend let it go and it came at me and left marks all over my body.
Worst sports injury: Hernia.
What athlete do you model yourself after? Michael Phelps.
Do you have any tattoos? No.
What’s your favorite sports memory? Winning the most outstanding swimmer for the second year in a row at the NVL championships.
What’s your career ambition? Undecided.
If you could invite 3 people to dinner, who would they be? My friends, Rob Schapp and Bobby Delaney, and Michael Phelps.
If you could be someone for a day, famous or not, who would you be? Donald Trump.
If you had a free ticket to any sporting event in the world, where would you go? Summer Olympics.
If there was a movie made about your life, who would play you? Russell Crowe.
If you won the lotto, what would be the first thing you would do? Spend a lot of it.
Who’s the most famous person you have met and where was it? Dick Vitale at a UConn basketball game three years ago.
If you were granted one wish, what would you wish for? To get through school and get a nice job.
Cartoon character you’re most like: Scooby-Doo.
Where do you like to shop? American Eagle, Hollister.
Favorite UConn basketball player: Jeff Adrien.
UFC or WWE? UFC.
Favorite piece of sports memorabilia or most prized autograph? I don’t really have any.
What is your biggest fear? Other people’s hair.
What is your most cherished childhood memory? Going to Disney World.
If you could be the principal for a day, what would you do? Free roaming in the hall with no escorts.
What do you picture yourself doing 10 years from now? Settling down with a family and having a good job.
One thing you would like to accomplish by the age of 30? Skydiving.
Most overused phrase: Just a little bit.
MySpace or Facebook? Facebook.
Pet peeve: When people have a blonde mentality.
If you could have the answer to one question, what would the question be? How many licks does it take to get to the center of a tootsie pop?
Describe yourself in one word: Relaxed.
Lorraine Wisausky Macdonald Marti wrote on Mar 16, 2009 12:09 PM:
- Indoor track: Seymour relay, Rams Aliotta take gold at Open
- Seven area grapplers take home Class S titles
- Male Athlete of the Week: Thomaston's Tyler Foley
- Female Athlete of the Week: Chase's Onyesonam Nolis
- Naugy football coach fights for job
- High school wrestling notebook
- High school swimming notebook
- Scoreboard for Feb. 25
- Pomperaug's depth swamps all competitors
- Scoreboard for Feb. 26
- Pomperaug gymnasts 2nd in Class M
- Wrestling: Rams' Cervero among top area finishes at State Open
- Female Athlete of the Week: Lewis Mills' Amanda Adamski
- Male Athlete of the Week: Nonnewaug's Connor Boyen
- Scoreboard for March 3
- Sacred Heart's Ettienne wins NVL diving title
- NVL swim championships at Kennedy tonight
- Cheshire boys fifth at SCC meet
- Naugatuck rules the NVL waves again
- Kennedy assistant Flammia named Lewis Mills football coach
- Wolcott's Bendtsen 3rd in 3,200 at New Englands
- Housy hockey ousted in Division III opener
- Female Athlete of the Week: Housatonic's Paxton Thornton
- Male Athlete of the Week: Watertown's Brendan Murphy
- Kennedy's Dickey wins Class M title
- Cheshire hockey team wins SCC tourney, earns bye in states
- State Open gymnastics results
- Wolcott wins 3rd straight NVL weightlifting title
- Shepaug wins 7th straight BL swim title
- Lennon named Seymour football coach | <urn:uuid:1b2dce7e-645b-465f-9e9e-9b697058d033> | 2013-05-27T02:56:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Health on the Horizon: My Brother's Keeper- Billy Koehler's Story
While walking down the street in the spring of late 1980's Billy found a senior citizen crying on her porch. When he approached her to find out why she was so upset, she explained, "my television is broken and it will cost $25 to fix." To many people this may not be a cause of such great sadness, but to a senior living alone on a fixed income, her only source of companionship was now gone.
However, today was her lucky day. Billy, an electronics technician, had found her. He hurried home, got his tools and repaired the television. After he finished the repair, the woman sifted through her purse and offered him $5 for his service. Billy responded, "why would you give me $5 for 1 cent worth of work?" With gratitude, the woman handed Billy a penny. When asked by a friend later why he took the penny, Billy replied, "Even a poor senior needs to know that they can contribute."
A religious man, Billy's life echoed the teachings of Luke 20:45- the story of the poor widow that enters the temple amongst the wealthy elite to give her last 2 coins.
After the electronics company he worked for suddenly closed in the Spring of 2003, he was left uninsured with a heart condition that required him to have an Automatic Internal Cardiac Defibrillator (AICD). While looking for another job that had insurance, Billy spent the rest of his days building a ramp for a man in a wheelchair and refused any payment for his services.
Billy believed that he was was brother's keeper.
By 2005, Billy began delivering pizza's 31 hours a week for minimum wage with no health insurance. Due to his pre-existing condition, health insurance companies deemed him a bad investment and society stigmatized him the same. This stigma crystalized on December 14, 2007 after he collapsed while closing the pizza shop. Upon his arrival at the Emergency Room, a resident opened his chart and replied, "oh, you're uninsured. I need to tell you that you won't get the same tests as people that have insurance."
Are we our brother's keeper?
Hours later, the cardiologist on staff informed him of his dire condition. The battery that delivers the life-sustaining electronic charge to his heart was dangerously low and needed to be replaced immediately. The procedure would cost between $60-100,000. Unable to produce the money, Billy was discharged immediately and told by the cardiologist, "if you get your priorities straightened out, you'll come up with the money."
Are we our brother's keeper?
Unable to find $60,000, Billy and his family lived the next 446 days wondering if this was going to be his last. On Sunday March 6, 2009 Billy knelt before the alter of his church and asked his almighty healer to answer the will of his heart.
The answer came at 5:00pm the next day. On March 7, 2009 Billy left work, got behind the wheel of his car and headed home. Without the battery, the defibrillator was still capable of giving him the "warning signal" that an electronic jolt was needed. The signal came. Billy pulled over to the side of the road, knowing that the life-sustaining jolt would not be delivered, he sat and waited to meet his creator. At 5:07pm Billy was found dead over the steering wheel of his car.
This story was written with the help of Georgeann Koehler, Billy's sister. Georgeanne has become an outspoken activist about the issue of access to healthcare. In December of 2011, Georgeanne facilitated a postcard campaign entitled "No more empty chairs at the table" which produced 1200 cards in 12 days to every PA Congressman and Senator. Georgeanne has dedicated herself to being her brother's keeper.
Please return next week to learn more about the details of Billy's experience and see how the PPACA prevent more "Billy's".
Visit my weekly blog "Health on the Horizon" at: www.healthonthehorizon.blogspot.com
Follow "Health on the Horizon" on Facebook at: http://www.facebook.com/healthonthehorizon
"Health on the Horizon" is a weekly blog about my travels around the state of Pennsylvania looking at how the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act will impact individuals, groups and institutions. | <urn:uuid:709bb185-ddc9-4fa3-affd-98eae133f9ca> | 2013-05-26T09:36:40Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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From the Conference
"For the second year in a row, Senate Republicans and Democrats alike have soundly rejected the president's tax and spend budget. The budget proposal put forward by the president was full of the very same failed policies that led us to a national debt of $15.7 trillion and an unemployment rate over 8 percent for 39 consecutive months. According to the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office, the president's budget would decrease America's economic growth by as much as 2.2 percent, which according to the president's former economic adviser, Christina Romer, would mean 2.2 million jobs lost. The president's fiscal policies have made a bad economic situation worse and it's no surprise he would want to fly around the country giving campaign speeches about the things Congress should or shouldn't be doing to distract from his policies of the past three and a half years.
"Meanwhile, the president's Democrat colleagues in charge of the Senate have failed to pass a formal budget for over three years, abdicating their most fundamental duty to the American taxpayer. Families and small businesses across the country are required to have a budget plan to guide their spending decisions and for the Senate to fail to pass a formal budget for 1,113 days is simply embarrassing."
President Obama's budget proposal introduced last year failed in the Senate by a vote of 97-0. The House of Representatives rejected the president's budget this year on March 28th by a vote of 414-0. | <urn:uuid:47bdcd8a-4aa3-4419-b9fd-92e307965056> | 2013-05-27T02:56:11Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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June 2004 Sky from the Keeble Observatory
We will be unable to view the June 8th "transit of Venus" from the Keeble Observatory - the event will be over before the rising Sun clears our obscured eastern horizon. You will, however, be able to view it from several global web sites: The Exploratorium, in San Francisco will carry links to the Penteli Observatory, near Athens, Greece. NASA will offer links to several observatories around the world. The European Southern Observatory will have live coverage, as well.
May weather was not kind to comet watchers in the Center of the Universe. Haze on those evenings when it wasn't actually cloudy, and clouds and rain on other days, meant that it was unlikely that anyone actually saw comets NEAT and LINEAR. June weather, typically, will not be any improvement, and the comets are fading rapidly as their orbits carry them away from the Sun. There will be others in the future, hopefully more fortuitously positioned. Bright comets, like Hale-Bopp of several years ago, are roughly once per decade.
Comets have long fascinated humankind. Regular meteor showers and the stately motion of the planets through the zodiac could be anticipated. But, what to make of these "hairy stars" which persist for months, seemingly at random? (Our word "comet" comes from the Latin "coma" - which means hair!) Aristotle assumed they were atmospheric phenomena, describing them in his treatise on weather. Tycho Brahe used geometry to show that they were in the realm of the planets (but not the stars). It was once church doctrine that these represented harbingers of evil - firebrands hurled by an angry God to warn sinful humankind. Indeed, Halley's Comet was high above the Battle of Hastings, which was certainly bad luck for the English. It might have been considered good luck for the Norman victors!
Tycho got it right, of course. Comets are part of our solar system, just as much as are the planets, asteroids, and meteoroids. Indeed, meteor showers are residue from comets, which provides us a clue to their origin and makeup.
Some 5 billion years ago, comets were among the first large aggregate objects to condense out of the cloud of gas and dust which formed our solar system. Far from the growing heat source at the center, which was to become our Sun, they contain dust and frozen ices of water, methane, and ammonia. We believe these represent the oldest undisturbed remnants of the original pre-solar cloud. Pristine material from the time the Earth and other planets first formed. Fred Whipple dubbed them "dirty snowballs" and the description is apt. There are two major reservoirs of comets left from these early times. The so-called Kuiper Belt lies beyond the orbit of distant Neptune and lies in the plane of the ecliptic, roughly from 30 to 500 AU. (1 AU - "astronomical unit" is the average distance between Earth and Sun, about 150 million kilometers, or 93 million miles.) Pluto, and recently-discovered Sedna are among the largest denizens of this region ... yes, Pluto is probably just a large comet! Far beyond the Kuiper Belt lies the huge spherical shell called the Oort Cloud - stretching from 10,000 to perhaps 100,000 AU.
A comet's orbit may be disturbed by a collision, or by gravitational perturbations from passing stars or clouds. The comet then falls toward the inner solar system. As sunlight warms the comet, the volatile ices vaporize and carry with them dust and rocks from the nucleus of the comet. These gasses and dust particles are pushed away from the Sun by the pressure of sunlight and the streaming solar wind to form the tails of the comet. Ultraviolet light ionizes the gas and makes it glow. As the comet sweeps through its orbit the dust from its tail is strewn along its orbit, leaving the debris which makes up periodic meteor showers.
Lunar phases for June: Full Moon on the 3rd, at 12:20 am; Last Quarter on the 9th, at 4:03 pm; New Moon on the 17th, at 4:27 pm; First Quarter on the 25th, at 3:08 pm. Summer solstice, when the Sun is highest above the equator, will occur at 8:58 pm on the 20th. This is sometimes called the "longest day of the year," but it's 24 hours just like any other day! In fact, the solstice event will take place after sunset on the 20th! We will experience over 14 hours of sunlight on the 20th and 21st, however.
Evening planet watching in June is largely Jupiter watching. After sunset, Jupiter emerges from twilight high to the southwest, about 50 degrees off the horizon. It sets about 1:00 am. Saturn and Mars are above the horizon at sunset, but low to the northwest and probably lost in the horizon clutter and haze. Mornings are not promising for planet watching, either. Mercury and Venus have returned to the pre-dawn sky, but will be very low (< 10 degrees) on the northeast horizon at sunrise.
An hour or so after sunset at mid-month, the overhead view is essentially out of the plane of the Galaxy, which is nearly coincident with the horizon at 8:30 pm. Castor and Pollux are to the west, settling towards the horizon. High above the southern horizon, almost at zenith, is bright Arcturus, in the constellation Bootes. To the west, just below and to the right of Jupiter, you'll find Regulus, the heart of the Lion in the constellation Leo. The days around the new Moon are a good time to hope for clear skies ... maybe a cold front will sweep away the haze enough so that you can use Jupiter to find some deeper objects with your binoculars. Within 4 degrees to the right and slightly above Jupiter you may find several galaxies from the Messier catalog - M105, M95, and M96 are all in Leo. About 6 degrees above Jupiter is another, known as M65. These objects were all catalogued by Charles Messier to avoid confusing them with comets. We'll say more about the Messier Catalog next month.
Vega is to the ENE about 37 degrees off the horizon and appearing higher each night. It will be prominent in the late summer and autumn skies. Near Vega, use binoculars to find the Ring Nebula. Below Vega rises the constellation Cygnus. This marks the plane of the Galaxy, and the general direction towards which our Sun in moving in its orbit about the distant center of the Milky Way.
For your own monthly star chart, you can direct your web browser to http://www.skymaps.com. You will find extensive descriptions of what's worth looking for, and you can download and print a single copy for your personal use.
Copyright 2004 George Spagna | <urn:uuid:a14c43de-99e0-4bc2-9aff-30cb43f3da1e> | 2013-05-26T09:36:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sober analysts state unhesitatingly that, with an opposition like Russia has today, Putin as the leading candidate in the March presidential election has little to fear, and that any hopes for an "orange" or Arab-type revolution are sheer wishful thinking and simply nonsense.
The reason for this is clear and fundamental: Russia as a whole is solidly pro-Putin (Levada Center which, by the way, is funded in part by US, puts his current rating at 60 percent, and rising), just as Putin is forever pro-Russia. The Western-leaning intelligentsia, the "office plankton" and the "cultured bourgeoisie" that set the tone for the current anti-Putin protests represent just a sliver of Russian society. If truth be told, this "elite" is basically inimical to Russia's masses.
People have long memories, and the contrast between the state of affairs under Yeltsin and in Putin's time is too fresh and too glaring. Then, people used to wait for months for their wages, salaries and pensions. Putin put an end to all that - delay of payment of wages is now a criminal offense.
Under Yeltsin, Western-inspired economic reforms run by Western consultants resulted in a destruction of the economy worse than during World War II and in the August 1998 financial meltdown. Under Putin, the economy has risen from the ashes and achieved growth rates second only to China, surviving the 2008 world crisis with minimal losses.
Also, Gaidar's reforms under Yeltsin virtually wiped out the Soviet middle class. In the past decade it has been reborn and is now groping for political expression.
Putin also made the regional elites toe the line - he stopped all that nonsense about a Ural Republic, a Far Eastern Republic, an independent Tatarstan, etc. Russia's people still feel nostalgia for "Great Russia," the Soviet Union. Putin clearly has an empathy with this feeling. Hence the name he gave the party he put together - United Russia. The people may have doubts and suspicions about the party, but not about the idea, no sir.
OK, Putin is accused of autocratic tendencies, of being a strongman, and so on. The real question here is, would the Russian people wish to have a weak man, a laisser-faire gentleman as their national leader? Anyone who knows anything about Russians knows the answer to that. Putin himself has often rebuked his people for their paternalistic tendencies, and he knows what he is talking about.
Curiously, accusations of autocracy and such are freely and incessantly voiced in the media, on the internet and at rallies that no self-respecting autocrat would stand for a moment.
In short, whatever negative tsunami about Putin is flooding the media (and some of the stories might be true) one should admit these simple truths: never before in Russia's history has the country been so free, nor has such a large part of its population lived so well.
There is at least one big blot on "Putin's regime" in the eyes of both the people and the opposition: pervading corruption. Considering the vast size of the problem, all one can say here is - it's not a job for one man, however strong. The "tandem" does what it can, firing corrupt governors (more than a third of them in the last few years) and letting whistle-blowers like Aleksei Navalny blow their whistles unhindered. On the other hand, one can only imagine what howls would be raised in Russia and abroad if Putin were to adopt some Chinese-style or Stalinist methods of dealing with corruption. Politics are the art of the possible.
Earlier we spoke of Putin's empathy with the people. Nowhere is it more striking than in the Russians' attitude toward the West. It is a well-known fact that after the downfall of Communism the Russian people went through a period of high euphoria about rejoining the European family of nations, naively expecting to be welcomed as long lost brothers.
The West quickly disabused them of these sentimental notions. Seeing Russia as merely the loser in the Cold War, the West proceeded to treat it as a vanquished nation. Despite promises given to Gorbachev, NATO expanded eastwards, incorporating not just former Warsaw Pact members but also some Soviet republics.
Culturally, Russians experienced quite a shock, too. After all, Russia is a country with a thousand-year-long history, a former empire with a long and brilliant record of military conquests, a direct heir to Byzantium in terms of culture and religion, a mighty contributor to world's science, literature, music, and the arts; it has led the world in space exploration and presently the United States is relying on Russia to deliver supplies to the International Space Station. And here came a horde of advisers, consultants and businessmen, and proclaimed their intention to "civilize" Russia! Sure Russians felt as resentful as a bear with a sore head.
Putin naturally shared that resentment. Still, according to a view most widespread in Russia, Putin started his first term in the Kremlin with at least two major goals in mind: saving Russia from total collapse - which he did -- and making his country an integral part of the Western alliance, including joining NATO.
It is a fact that Putin's earliest offer for Russia to join NATO was haughtily rebuffed by the then NATO general secretary George Robertson. The same policy has continued to this day, though there has been continuous talk of Ukraine and Georgia "eventually" joining NATO - presumably because their leaders, Saakashvili and the "orange revolutionary" Yushchenko made hatred for Russia the mainstay of their national policies.
There have been other overtures by Putin to bring Russia into closer alliance with the West, as when he offered unstinting support for the USA and NATO in their assault on Afghanistan after 9/11. And what has been the response - further NATO expansion to the East and an ever tighter "missile-defense" in Europe, right in Russia's backyard.
It is hard to escape the conclusion that, had the US and the UK accepted and helped Putin's efforts, had they met him less than halfway even, the history of the first decade of the 21st century and after would be quite different. Things would be a lot more beneficent for Western security and economy.
Other European countries, those of Old Europe, were in fact ready to embrace Russia. However, the two major players unfortunately rebuffed Putin quite unceremoniously. That made him - and most Russians - very bitter. So if there has been a reversal to a Cold War atmosphere, the West should obviously share the blame, at least to some extent, for the current sad state of affairs.
Edward Lozansky is president of American University in Moscow and Professor of the Department of World Politics at the Moscow State University. | <urn:uuid:58b0b7d4-dc8f-4b45-8c0b-aba0cd80cded> | 2013-05-27T02:55:31Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Commentary on the Bible, by Adam Clarke, , at sacred-texts.com
The apostle shows that the Jew, who condemns the Gentiles, and considers them utterly unworthy of the blessings of the Gospel, is inexcusable, because he is guilty of the same crimes; and therefore shalt not escape the righteous judgment of God, Rom 2:1-3. It is an awful thing to despise the goodness and long-suffering of God, which lead to repentance, Rom 2:4, Rom 2:5. God, the impartial judge, will render to every man according to his works, Rom 2:6-11. The Jews and the Gentiles will be judged according to their respective advantages and disadvantages, Rom 2:12, Rom 2:13. In some cases, the Gentiles, who had no law, have shown a better disposition than the Jews, Rom 2:14-16. The Jews, by their unfaithfulness, have been a stumbling-block to the Gentiles, Rom 2:17-24. Jewish rites and ceremonies of no advantage, unless productive of change of heart and conduct, Rom 2:25. The Gentiles, who attend to the small light which they have received from God, are in a better state than the unfaithful Jews, with all their superior privileges, Rom 2:26, Rom 2:27. What constitutes a real Jew in the sight of God, Rom 2:28, Rom 2:29.
Dr. Taylor makes the following sensible observations at the commencement of this chapter.
"The representation of the moral state of the heathen world, in the foregoing chapter, is a demonstration of the necessity of the Gospel for the reformation and salvation of man. And how rich is the favor wherewith God has visited the world! To have destroyed a race of apostate rebels, who had abused their understandings and every gift of a bountiful Creator, would have been justice; to have spared them would have been lenity and goodness; but to send his only begotten Son from heaven to redeem us from all iniquity and ungodliness by his own blood; to grant us a free pardon for all our sins; to put us in a state of mercy and salvation; to take us into his kingdom and family; to give us an inheritance among his saints; to bless us with immortality and all spiritual blessings in heavenly places; - this is most wonderful and exuberant favor. Rightly is the doctrine which teaches it called the Gospel, or glad tidings. One would think it could not possibly have met with opposition from any part of mankind. But the Jew opposed it! He abhorred the Gentile, and contradicted the grace that honored and saved him. The apostle pleads and defends our cause. His business is to confound the Jew, and to prove that we have as good a right as he to all the blessings of the Messiah's kingdom. And, by his description of the vicious state of the Gentiles, in the former chapter, he has wisely made his advantage of the prejudices of the Jew; for nothing could please him more than the preceding discourse, in which the Gentiles are reduced to so vile and abject a state. Thus the apostle gives him an opportunity to condemn the Gentiles; but he does this that he may the more effectually humble him in this chapter; in which he proves that the Jews, having in an aggravated manner despised the goodness and broken the law of God, were as obnoxious to his wrath as the Gentiles; and if so, how could they, with any conscience or modesty, arrogate all the Divine mercy to themselves, or pretend that others were unworthy of it, when they had done as much or more to forfeit it! Must they not exclude themselves from being the people of God under the Gospel, by the same reason that they would have the Gentiles excluded! But this was an argument highly ungrateful to the Jew; and it would be very difficult to fix any conviction upon his mind. Therefore the apostle addresses him in a covert way: - Thou art therefore inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest; not giving out expressly that he meant the Jew, that the Jew might more calmly attend to his reasoning, while he was not apprehensive that he was the man. This point secured, the apostle, very judiciously and with great force of reasoning, turns his thoughts from his present superior advantages to the awful day of judgment, Rom 2:5, Rom 2:6, when God, in the most impartial equity, will render to all mankind, without exception, according to their works. Thus the apostle grounds his following argument, very methodically and solidly, in God's equal regards to all men, in all nations, who uprightly practice truth and godliness; and his disapproving, and at last condemning, all men, in any nation, however privileged, who live wickedly. This was a blow at the root, and demolished, in the most effectual manner, the Jew's prejudices in favor of his own nation, and the unkind thoughts he had entertained of the Gentiles. For, if a Jew could be convinced that a sober, upright heathen might be blessed with eternal salvation, he must be persuaded that it was no absurd matter that believing Gentiles should now be pardoned, and taken into the visible Church. Thus the apostle advances with great skill, insinuating himself, by degrees, into the Jew's conscience. It is reasoning is well adapted to encourage the Gentile, humbled by the dismal representation in the preceding chapter; for he would here see that he was not utterly abandoned of God, but might, upon good grounds, hope for his mercy and kindness."
That judgest - Ὁ κρινων, the judger; thou assumest the character of a judge, and in that character condemnest others who are less guilty than thyself.
We are sure that the judgment of God, etc. - God is impartial, and will punish sin wheresoever he finds it. Transgression in a Jew is not less criminal than iniquity in a Gentile.
Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness - Wilt thou render of none effect that marked benevolence of God towards thee which has given so many superior advantages, and that forbearance which has tolerated thy many miscarriages, and that long-suffering which, after repeated provocations, still continues to bear with thee?
Not knowing - Αγνοων, not acknowledging that this goodness of God, which has so long manifested itself in forbearance and long-suffering, leadeth thee to repentance - was designed to accomplish this blessed end; which thy want of consideration and acknowledgment has rendered, hitherto, ineffectual. This was a maxim among the Jews themselves; for, in Synopsis Sohar, it is said: - The holy blessed God delays his anger against the wicked, to the end that they may repent and be converted.
But after thy hardness - Occasioned by thy long course of iniquity. And impenitent heart-produced by thy hardness, through which thou art callous to the calls and expostulations of conscience. Treasurest up - continuest to increase thy debt to the Divine justice, which will infallibly inflict wrath - punishment in the day of wrath - the judgment day, in which he will render to every man according to his works. The word treasure the Hebrew uses to express any kind of store or collection: - Treasure or plenty of rain. Deu 28:12 : The Lord shall open unto thee his good Treasure, to give the Rain unto thy land. Treasure of punishment. Deu 32:34, Deu 32:35 : Is not this sealed up among my Treasures? To me belongeth Vengeance and Recompense. Treasures of mines, i.e. abundance of minerals. Deu 33:19 : They shall suck of the Abundance of the seas, and of Treasures hid in the sand. So treasures of gold, silver, corn, wine, oil, etc., mean collections or an abundance of such things: the word is used by the Greek writers precisely in the same sense. By wrath we are to understand punishment, as in Rom 1:18; and it is used so by the very best Greek writers. See Kypke.
The treasure of wrath, in this verse, is opposed to the riches of goodness, in the preceding. As surely as thou despisest, or neglectest to improve the Riches of God's Goodness, so surely thou shalt share in the Treasures of his Wrath. The punishment shall be proportioned to the mercy thou hast abused.
Who will render - Who, in the day of judgment, will reward and punish every man according as his life and conversation have been.
To them, etc. - In this manner will God, in the great day, dispense punishments and rewards:
1. He will give eternal life to them who, in all the trials and difficulties of the present state, have persevered in well doing - seeking for and expecting glory, honor, and immortality.
But unto them, etc. -
2. He will manifest his indignation, and inflict wrath - punishment, on all who are contentious - who obstinately dispute against the truth, and obey unrighteousness - who act under the influence of the principle of sin, and not under the influence of the Spirit of God.
Tribulation and anguish - Misery of all descriptions, without the possibility of escape, will this righteous Judge inflict upon every impenitent sinner. The Jew first, as possessing greater privileges, and having abused greater mercies; and also on the Gentile, who, though he had not the same advantages, had what God saw was sufficient for his state; and, having sinned against them, shall have punishment proportioned to his demerit.
But glory, honor, and peace - While the finally impenitent Jew and Gentile shall experience the fullest effects of the righteous indignation of the supreme Judge, even man that worketh good - that lives in a conscientious obedience to the known will of God, whether he be Jew or Gentile, shall have glory, honor, and peace; i.e. eternal blessedness.
For there is no respect of persons with God - The righteous Judge will not act according to any principle of partiality; the character and conduct, alone of the persons shall weigh with him. He will take no wicked man to glory, let his nation or advantages be what they may; and he will send no righteous man to perdition, though brought up in the very bosom of Gentilism. And as he will judge in that day according to character and conduct, so his judgment will proceed on the ground of the graces, privileges, and blessings which they had received, improved or abused. And as there is no respect of persons with God in judgment, so there can be none in the previous administration of his saving blessings. He that will be condemned for his unrighteousness, will be condemned on the ground that he had sufficient grace afforded him for the salvation of his soul; and his condemnation will rest on the simple principle, that he abused the grace which was sufficient to save him, by acting in opposition to its dictates and influence. No man, in that great day, shall be brought to heaven through any partiality of the Judge; and no man sent to hell because God did not afford him sufficient grace, or because he had made a decree which rendered even his use of it ineffectual to his salvation. In reference to the great design of God, in the salvation of man, it shall be said, - in time, at the day of judgment, and throughout eternity, - There Is No Respect of Persons with God.
For as many as have sinned without law, etc. - They, viz. the Gentiles, who shall be found to have transgressed against the mere light of nature, or rather, that true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world, Joh 1:9, shall not come under the same rule with those, the Jews, who have in addition to this enjoyed an extraordinary revelation; but they shall be dealt with according to the inferior dispensation, under which they lived: while those, the Jews, who have sinned against the law - the positive Divine revelation granted to them, shall be judged by that law, and punished proportionably to the abuse of such an extraordinary advantage.
For not the hearers of the law, etc. - It does not follow, because one people are favored with a Divine revelation, that therefore they shall be saved; while the others who have not had that revelation, shall finally perish: this is not God's procedure; where he has given a law - a Divine revelation, he requires obedience to that law; and only those who have been doers of that law - who have lived according to the light and privileges granted in that revelation, shall be justified - shall be finally acknowledged to be such as are fit for the kingdom of God.
For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, etc. - Nor does it follow that the Gentiles who have not had a Divine revelation, shall either perish, because they had it not; or their unrighteous conduct pass unpunished, because not having this revelation might be considered as an excuse for their sins.
Do by nature the things contained in the law - Do, without this Divine revelation, through that light which God imparts to every man, the things contained in the law - act according to justice, mercy, temperance and truth, the practice of which the revealed law so powerfully enjoins; these are a law unto themselves - they are not accountable to any other law, and are not to be judged by any dispensation different from that under which they live.
Rabbi Tanchum brings in the Supreme Being as saying: When I decreed any thing against the Gentiles, to whom I have not given laws and statutes, and they know what I have decreed; immediately they repent; but the Israelites do not so. Tanchum, fol. 43. 2.
Which show the work of the law - In acting according to justice, mercy, temperance, and truth, they show that the great object of the law, which was to bring men from injustice, cruelty, intemperance, and falsity, is accomplished so far in them: their conscience also bearing witness - that faculty of the soul, where that Divine light dwells and works, shows them that they are right; and thus they have a comfortable testimony in their own souls of their own integrity: their thoughts, the mean while, accusing, or else excusing one another; or rather, their reasonings between one another accusing or answering for themselves. As if the apostle had said: - And this point, that they have a law and act according to it, is farther proved from their conduct in civil affairs; and from that correct sense which they have of natural justice in their debates, either in their courts of law, or in their treatises on morality. All these are ample proofs that God has not left them without light; and that, seeing they have such correct notions of right and wrong, they are accountable to God for their conduct in reference to these notions and principles. These seems to be the true meaning of this difficult clause. See below.
In the day when God shall judge - And all this shall be farther exemplified and proved in the day when God shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ; which judgment shall be according to my Gospel - according to what I am now laying down before you, relative to the impartiality of God, and his righteous procedure in judging men, not according to their opinions or prejudices, not according to revelations which they never possessed, but according to the various advantages or disadvantages of their political, religious, or domestic situation in life.
Much stress has been laid on the word, φυσει, by nature, in Rom 2:14, as if the apostle designed to intimate that nature, independently of the influence of Divine grace, possessed such principles as were sufficient to guide a man to glory. But certainly the term cannot be so understood here. I rather think that the sense given to it in Suicer's Thesaurus, vol ii. col. 1475, reipsa, revera, Certainly, Truly, is its sense here: for when the Gentiles, which have not the law, φυσει ποιῃ, Truly, or in effect, Do the things contained in the law, etc. This seems to be its sense in Gal 4:8 : When ye knew not God, ye did service to them which φυσει, Certainly are no gods; i.e. are false gods. Suicer quotes Cyril of Alexandria, (sub Anathematismo iii. in Actis Ephesinis, p. 212), speaking of the union of the two natures in Christ; he calls this union φυσικην, natural; that is, says he, αληθη, true, or real. He adds, that the word should be thus understood in Eph 2:3 : We were by nature, φυσει, children of wrath; and says, φυσει αντι του αληθως· φυσει is here used for αληθως, Truly; We were Truly, Incontestably, the children of wrath, even as others. That is, like the rest of mankind, we have all sinned and come short of the glory of God, and, consequently are exposed to punishment. Some think that this text refers to the natural corruption of man; but, although it is true that man comes into the world corrupt, and that all men, since the fall, are very far gone from original righteousness, yet it is not clear that the text in Eph 2:3, speaks of any other thing than the effects of this degeneracy.
I prefer this sense, in the passage in question, to that which says the light of nature, or natural instinct, is here meant; for I know of no light in nature that is not kindled there by the grace of God. But I have no objection to this sense: "When the Gentiles, which have not the law, do, by the influence of God upon their hearts, the things contained in the law, they are a law unto themselves; that light and influence serving instead of a Divine revelation." That the Gentiles did really do the things contained in the law, in reference to what is termed natural justice, and made the wisest distinctions relative to the great principles of the doctrine of civil Rights and Wrongs, every man conversant with their writings will admit. And in reference to this the word φυσει may be legitimately understood thus - they incontestably did the things contained in the law, etc.
The passage in Rom 2:15, Their thoughts - accusing or excusing one another, certainly does not refer to any expostulations or operations of conscience; for this is referred to in the preceding clause. The words accusing, κατηγορουντων, and excusing, απολογουμενων, answering or defending one another, μεταζυ αλληλων, among themselves, are all forensic or law terms, and refer to the mode of conducting suits of law in courts of justice, where one is plaintiff, who produces his accusation; another is defendant, who rebuts the charge and defends himself; and then the business is argued before the judges. This process shows that they have a law of their own, and that to this law it belongs to adjust differences - to right those who have suffered wrong, and to punish the guilty.
As to the phrase written in their hearts, it is here opposed to the Jewish laws, which were written on tables of stone. The Jews drew the maxims by which their conduct was regulated from a Divine revelation: the Gentiles theirs from what God, in the course of his providence and gracious influence, had shown them to be right, useful, and necessary. And with them this law was well known and affectionately regarded; for this is one meaning of the phrase, written in the heart. It was from this true light, enlightening the Gentiles, that they had so many wise and wholesome laws; laws which had been among them from time immemorial, and of which they did not know the origin. Thus Sophocles, in the noble speech which he puts in the mouth of Antigone: -
Ου γαρ τι νυν γε κὐχθες, αλλ' αει ποτε
Ζη ταυτα, κοὑδεις οιδεν εξ ὁτου φανη
"Not now, nor yesterday, but evermore
These laws have lived: nor know we whence they came."
Antig. ver. 463-4.
These are the laws, νομινα, which the Spirit of God wrote originally on their hearts; and which, in different forms, they had committed to writing.
Behold, thou art called a Jew - What the apostle had said in the preceding verses being sufficient to enforce conviction on the conscience of the Jew, he now throws off the cover, and openly argues with him in the most plain and nervous manner; asserting that his superior knowledge, privileges, and profession, served only to aggravate his condemnation. And that, in fact, he who, under all his greater advantages, transgressed the law of God, stood condemned by the honest Gentile, who, to the best of his knowledge obeyed it. Dr. Taylor.
And restest in the law - Thou trustest in it for thy endless salvation. The word επαναπαυη, implies the strongest confidence of safety and security. Thou reposest thy whole trust and confidence in this law.
And makest thy boast of God - That thou knowest his nature and attributes, which are not known to the Gentiles. The word, καυχασαι, implies the idea of exulting in any thing, as being a proper object of hope and dependence: and, when referred to God, it points out that He is the sure cause of hope, dependence, joy, and happiness; and that it is the highest honor to be called to know his name, and be employed in his service. As if the apostle had said: You rejoice in God as the object of your hope and dependence; you praise and magnify him; you account it your greatest honor that He is your God, and that you worship him.
Knowest his will - Hast been favored with a revelation of his own will, immediately from himself.
The things that are more excellent - τα δισφεροντα, The things that differ - that revelation which God has given of himself makes the nicest distinctions between right and wrong; between vice and virtue; showing how you should walk so as to please God, and, consequently, acquire the most excellent portion that human spirits can have on this side heaven: for all these blessings ye acknowledge to receive from your law, being instructed, κατηχουμενος, being catechized, from your infancy, in the knowledge of Divine things.
And art confident, etc. - In consequence of all these religious advantages, ye believe that ye are able to teach others, and to be guides and lights to the bewildered, darkened Gentiles, who may become proselytes to your religion.
An instructer of the foolish, etc. - Ye believe the Gentiles to be babes and fools when compared with yourselves; that ye alone possess the only true knowledge; that ye are the only favourites of Heaven; and that all nations must look up to you as possessing the only form of knowledge, μορφωσιν της γνωσεως, the grand scheme and draught of all true science, of every thing that is worthy to be learned: the system of eternal truth, derived from the law. If, therefore, ye act not as becomes those who have such eminent advantages, it must be to your endless disgrace and infamy.
Thou therefore - Dr. Taylor has paraphrased this and the three following verses thus: "What signify your pretensions to knowledge, and the office of teaching others, if you have no regard to your own doctrine? What are you the better for preaching against theft, if you are a thief yourself? Or for declaring adultery unlawful, if you live in the practice of it? Or for representing idolatry abominable, if you are guilty of sacrilege? What honors or singular favors do you deserve, if, while you glory in the law and your religious privileges, you dishonor God, and discredit his religion, by transgressing his law, and living in open contradiction to your profession? And this is more than supposition; notorious instances might be produced of the forementioned crimes, whereby the Jews of the present age have brought a reproach upon religion among the Gentiles; as well as those Jews of former times, of whom the Prophet Ezekiel speaks, Eze 36:23 : And I will sanctify my great name, which was Profaned among the Heathen, which ye have Profaned in the midst of them."
That the Jewish priesthood was exceedingly corrupt in the time of the apostle, and that they were so long before, is fully evident from the sacred writings and from Josephus. The high-priesthood was a matter of commerce, and was bought and sold like other commodities. Of this Josephus gives many instances. The rapine of Eli's sons descended to several generations. Dr. Whitby well observes that of all these things mentioned by the apostle the Jewish doctors were notoriously guilty; and of most of them they were accused by our Lord.
1. They said and did not; and laid heavy burdens upon others, which they would not touch with their own fingers, Mat 23:3, Mat 23:4.
2. They made the house of God a den of thieves, Mat 21:13; Joh 2:16.
3. They were guilty of adultery by unjust divorces, Mat 19:9.
4. Their polygamy was scandalous: even their rabbins, when they came to any place, would exclaim, Who will be my wife for a day?
As to idolatry, they were perfectly saved from it ever since the Babylonish captivity but to this succeeded sacrilege, as is most evident in the profanation of the temple, by their commerce transacted even within its courts; and their teaching the people that even their aged parents might be left to starve, provided the children made a present to the temple of that which should have gone for their support. According to Josephus, Bell. Jud. l. vi. c. 26, They were guilty of theft, treachery, adultery, sacrilege, rapine, and murder. And he adds, that new ways of wickedness were invented by them; and that of all their abominations the temple was the receptacle. In his Antiquities of the Jews, lib. xx. c. 8, he says: The servants of the high priests took away, by violence, the tithes of the priests, so that many of them perished for want of food. Even their own writers acknowledge that there were great irregularities and abominations among the rabbins.
So Bereshith rabba, sect. 55, fol. 54:
"Rabbi Abun proposed a parable concerning a master who taught his disciples not to pervert justice, and yet did it himself; not to show respect of persons, and yet did it himself; not to receive bribes, and yet received them himself; not to take usury, and yet took it himself. The disciple replied: - Rabbi, thou teachest me not to take usury, and yet thou takest it thyself! Can that be lawful to thee which is forbidden to me?"
For the name of God is blasphemed, etc. - In Debarim rabba, sect. 2, fol. 251, it is said: - "The rulers destroy the influence of their own words among the people; and this is done when a rabbin, sitting and teaching in the academy, says, Do not take usury, and himself takes it; do not commit rapine, and himself commits it; do not steal, and himself steals." That they were exceedingly lax in their morals, the following fact proves: - "Rabbi Ilai said, If a man see that his evil propensities are likely to prevail against him, let him go to some place where he is not known, and let him put on black clothes, and cover his head with a black veil; and then let him do whatsoever he pleases, lest the name of God should be publicly profaned." Moed katon, fol. 17. 1. In Sohar Levit. fol. 31, col. 122, it is said: - "On three accounts the Jews are obliged to remain in captivity -
1. Because they openly reproach the Shechinah -
2. Because they profane themselves before the Shechinah -
3. Because they turn away their faces from the Shechinah."
But it would be endless to collect from their history the proofs of the charges brought here against them by the apostle. See Whitby, Schoettgen, and others.
For circumcision verily profiteth - It is a blessing to belong to the Church of God and wear the sign of the covenant, provided the terms of the covenant are complied with.
But if thou be a breaker of the law - If thou do not observe the conditions of the covenant, the outward sign is both without meaning and without effect. This was a maxim of the rabbins themselves; for they allowed that an apostate or ungodly Israelite must go to hell, notwithstanding his circumcision.
Therefore if the uncircumcision, etc. - If the Gentile be found to act according to the spirit and design of the law, his acting thus uprightly, according to the light which God has afforded him, will be reckoned to him as if he were circumcised and walked agreeably to the law.
And shall not uncircumcision, which is by nature - And shall not the Gentile, who is εκ φυσεως, according to the custom of his country - who is, by birth, not obliged to be circumcised.
If it fulfill the law - If such a person act according to the spirit and design of the law; judge κρινει condemn thee, who, whilst thou dost enjoy the letter, the written law, and bearest in thy body the proof of the circumcision which it requires, dost transgress that law?
For he is not a Jew - A genuine member of the Church of God, who has only an outward profession.
Neither is that circumcision - Circumcision is a rite which represents a spiritual thing, viz. the change and purification of the heart, as may be seen, Jer 4:4, Jer 4:6, Jer 4:10; Jer 9:26; Eze 44:7, Eze 44:9.
But he is a Jew - A true member of the Church of God.
Which is one inwardly - Who has his heart purified, according to what God has uniformly prescribed by his prophets; see above: for circumcision is of the heart, in the spirit, εν πνευματι by the Spirit of God, who is the author of all spiritual affections and holy purposes: or, every thing here is to be understood spiritually, and not literally; for without holiness none can please God, and without holiness none can see him.
Whose praise is not of men - It has, with great probability, been conjectured that the apostle may here refer to the signification of the name Jew, or Judah, יהודה Yehudah, Praise, from ידה Yadah, he Praised. Such a one is a true Israelite, who walks in a conformity to the spirit of his religion: his countrymen may praise him because he is a steady professor of the Jewish faith; but God praises him, because he has entered into the spirit and design of the covenant made with Abraham, and has got the end of his faith, the salvation of his soul. Sentiments like these, on the same subject, may be found in the ancient Jewish writers. Rabbi Lipman gives the opinion of their most ancient and pure writers in these words: - "A certain Christian mocked us, saying, 'Women, who cannot be circumcised, cannot be reckoned among Jews.' Such persons are ignorant that faith does not consist in circumcision, but in the heart. He who has not genuine faith is not a partaker of the Jewish circumcision; but he who has genuine faith is a Jew, although not circumcised." Nizzachon, Num. 21, p. 19. It is a curious maxim of the Talmudists, That the Jews sit in the inmost recesses of the heart. Nidda, fol. 20, 2. This is exactly the sentiment of St. Paul: Circumcision is of the heart, in the spirit. In short, common sense, as well as their law and their prophets, taught every considerate man among them that God could be pleased with their rites and external performances no farther than they led to holiness of heart and righteousness of life.
1. What the apostle says, in the preceding chapter, concerning the Gentiles doing by nature the things contained in the law, if properly considered, would lead certain persons from forming erroneous judgments concerning the Divine dispensations. We are not to suppose that God is not to be found where his written word does not appear; nor that the salvation of the nations yet unblessed with the light of the Gospel is impossible. God has never confined himself to any one particular way of communicating his salvation, any more than he has confined his saving grace to one people. His word is an indescribable blessing; but that word becomes effectual to salvation when accompanied by the power of the Holy Spirit. It was that Spirit which gave the word originally; and that same Spirit can speak without this word. It is through his influence alone that the Gentiles do the things contained in his own law; and it is not to be wondered at that the work is the same, both in the law and in the heart, when it has proceeded from the same Spirit.
2. God therefore will judge all nations according to the use and abuse they have made of this word, whether it was written in the heart, or written on tables of stone.
3. As he is no respecter of persons, all nations are equally dear to him; and he has granted and will grant to them such discoveries of himself as have been and will be sufficient for their salvation.
4. His Word is an infinite blessing; and he has given it to one people that they may be the means of conveying it to another. Europe, and especially Christian Europe, has got the Bible; and God requires Europe to send the Bible throughout the earth. If this be not done, through their neglect, the Gentile nations will not be destroyed by a merciful God; yet the Europeans will have a most solemn and awful account to render to their Judge, that they have hidden the heavenly light under their own bushel. Britain is shaking herself from the dust, and, by means of the British and Foreign Bible Society, is sending the holy Scriptures to every kingdom, and nation, and people, and tongue. The Gentiles are now learning from the written law more fully and savingly what the Spirit of God had before written on their hearts; and it seems as if the kingdom of God were now about to come with all-conquering power. | <urn:uuid:06f7562a-1cf2-4de6-b964-8d3e4eec75cb> | 2013-05-27T02:55:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If you have enough wind, you can drop both the main and jib
, and the wind on the hull will provide enough drive to push the boat downwind into a slip. It doesn't require a lot of wind - just enough to push the boat fast enough so that she has steerageway.
If the wind is light, and you need some sail to help you move the boat, I would recommend that you use the mainsail, rather than the jib
. The reason is that sailboats don't have brakes, so you have to keep your speed under control as you enter a slip. If your jib
is hanked-on, then you can't furl the jib
to control your speed. If the wind gusts when you are close to the slip, the jib will fill and accelerate the boat too fast, and something bad is almost sure to happen. I prefer to use the mainsail when docking downwind under sail, because I can ease the main halliard, allowing all but the top part of the sail to fall to the deck. Only a small part of the mainsail will still be raised a few feet above the boom, and that will be enough to move the boat into the slip. If a gust of wind comes along, that small bit of mainsail probably won't accelerate the boat enough to present a problem, but, if it does, then I can just let the halliard go and let the rest of the mainsail fall to the deck.
If the jib is on a furler
, then you can furl the jib enough to limit the boat's speed as it approaches the slip. | <urn:uuid:180560d6-aa79-43eb-b9b6-6b51c07a93ca> | 2013-05-27T02:56:26Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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South African Journal of Science
versión impresa ISSN 0038-2353
Within a short period, Eskom has applied to the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA) for the third time since the 2008 electricity crisis, proposing a multiyear price determination for the periods 2010-2011 and 2012-2013. The new application, submitted at the end of September 2009, motivated for the debate of strategies with which the consequences of the proposed price hikes could be predicted, measured and controlled. In his presentation to Parliament in February 2009, Eskom's then CEO, Mr Jacob Maroga presented the current energy situation in the country, the reasons for the crisis in 2007-2008, as well as the challenges of the future. The purpose of this paper is to contribute some new ideas and perspectives to Eskom's existing arguments regarding the demand for electricity. The most important issue is the fact that Eskom does not sufficiently take into account the impact of the electricity prices in their electricity demand forecast. This study proposed that prices have a high impact on the demand for electricity (price elasticity of -0.5). Employing similar assumptions for the country's economic growth as Eskom, the results of the forecasting exercise indicated a substantial decrease in demand (scenario 1: -31% in 2025 and scenario 2:-18% in 2025). This study's findings contrasted significantly with Eskom's projection, which has extensive implications as far as policy is concerned.
Palabras llave : Eskom; price elasticity; electricity demand; South Africa; policy analysis. | <urn:uuid:e64ee786-74d5-40d9-a029-3553789ddac0> | 2013-05-26T09:41:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This kit offers suggestions for activities, demonstrations and experiments that can be performed with our laser pointers. Typical experiments such as measuring the wavelength of laser light and determining the effects of polarization are also explained. The manual even includes the basic theory on laser pointer operation.
Includes: 1 holographic diffraction grating, 1 Polaroid filter, 2 first surface mirrors, 2 lenses (1 short f.l., 1 long f.l.), 1 cylindrical lens, 1 solar cell, 1 rectangular prism, and 3 color filters (red, blue, green). The 28 page instruction manual covers topics involving reflection, refraction, light absorption and more.
Note: A laser pointer is needed but not included. | <urn:uuid:5c6ad366-49db-4319-9007-ba4993121a40> | 2013-05-26T09:37:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Optimus Prime : WHERE IS HE?
Soundwave : Prime...what makes you think I'll reveal it to you?
Optimus Prime : Fine, then I'll beat it out of you!
Optimus Prime : Don't you understand, he'll bring destruction to us all, to Cybertron! Look around you!
Soundwave : Well...you're not wrong bout one thing....he will bring destruction to you, Prime
Optimus Prime : Then I'll take as much as you Decepticons with me
"Prime....what's the matter?"
Optimus Prime : Wha...?
Optimus Prime : YOU!
Megatron : Yes Prime, me!
Optimus Prime : What happened? You should've..
Megatron : Severely wounded? Died? Far from it, Prime. The raw energy from the Matrix that you unleashed....changed me
Megatron : The surge of power inside of me..... That's not all....
Megatron : Was it to protect....or simply your arrogance...that you harness the power of the Matrix? That you took the 'leadership' and cast away your darkness? Now...not only you didn't destroy this 'monster'....
Megatron : You created another!
Megatron : The Matrix lights up your darkess hour...but with every light comes shadow...
Welcome....to the Darkside! | <urn:uuid:8dc9704c-b141-44db-b345-e8266a1ac5ed> | 2013-05-26T09:36:07Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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