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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79674
5
Dear all, I am thinking about a problem as follows: Suppose a simply-connected 2-dimensional manifold has an $S^1$ boundary, is it homeomorphic to the open disk $D^2$? In fact, I would like to understand the general higher-dimensional case, i.e., how to decide the homeomorphism type of a (connected) manifold $M$ via ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/9915
Decide a manifold via its boundary
Yes, assuming the manifold compact. One way to see this is this: if we glue a disk along the boundary, we get a manifold which is simply-connected manifold by Seifert-van Kampen, and closed, hence a sphere by the classification theorem. The same argument plus the Whitehead theorem and the topological Poincare conject...
6
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2349
79675
47,909
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79534
16
Take $n$ points uniformly in $[0,1] \times [0,1]$. Then pick uniformly $X\_0$ one of these points as your starting point. Then let $X\_1$ be the nearest neighbor of $X\_0$, let $X\_2$ be the nearest neighbor (not yet visited) of $X\_1$ and so on. What can be said of the asymptotic of $X\_n-X\_{n-1}$ the length of the l...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18433
Length of the last edge when visiting points by nearest neighbor order
This is closely related to a nice [open problem of David Aldous](http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~aldous/Research/OP/greedy_tour.html), from the list of open problems on his web site, some version of which in fact has quite a long history in the combinatorial optimization community. At the above link Aldous has references...
6
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3401
79687
47,916
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/78560
2
If you consider $f=\frac{P}{Q}$ the quotient of two polynomial function (i.e. $P,Q\in \mathbb{C} [z]$) then $\frac{f'}{1+|f|^2}$ decrease like $\frac{1}{z}$. My question is, is the converse true? is an meromorphic function(define on the whole plane) which satisfies $$\frac{f'}{1+|f|^2}=O\left(\frac{1}{z}\right)$$ a...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18642
holomorphic function with special decreasing property
Some one give an almost complete answer on mathstackechange, <https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/73651/holomorphic-function-with-special-decreasing-property> the discussion should be continued there. thanks all.
0
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18642
79692
47,919
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79681
6
My chemist roommate asked me the following question. Let $f : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a real-valued function and $F$ its Fourier transform. Suppose we know the modulus function $|F| : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. What can we deduce about $f$, can we determine it completely? Feel free to assume an...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18540
Fourier transform of a real-valued function.
To try to determine a function from the absolute value of its Fourier transform is actually the famous "hidden phase problem". In X-ray crystollography one measures the absolute value of the Fourier transform of a function that describes where the atoms in the molecule are located. However, using clever tricks and some...
12
https://mathoverflow.net/users/16546
79694
47,920
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79693
13
This is probably totally obvious but I have no clue how this is done: Say you have an endomorphism $f:X \rightarrow X$ of schemes. Why (if true, perhaps some additional assumptions are necessary!) do you get for a Zariski/étale/l-adic sheaf $\mathcal{F}$ on $X$ an induced endomorphism on the corresponding cohomology? H...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18935
Why does a group action on a scheme induce a group action on cohomology?
If a (say constant) group $G$ acts on a scheme $X$, you may want to consider the notion of a $G$-sheaf : a sheaf $\mathcal F$ endowed with isomorphisms $\lambda\_g: g^\* \mathcal F\simeq \mathcal F$, for $g\in G$ satisfying the usual cocycle conditions. Then by functoriality of cohomology for $g:X\to X$ you get an isom...
17
https://mathoverflow.net/users/11682
79697
47,922
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79704
4
I attended a course on stochastic processes a few years ago. During the course the lecturer mentioned that there is a mathematical proof (with some assumptions, naturally) of non-existence of a fair coin. Now I can't recall the details and can't locate the paper. Is there such a proof? I vaguely remember that the i...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/nan
Is there a fair coin?
This well-known paper seems to imply that the shape of the coin doesn't really matter: <http://comptop.stanford.edu/u/preprints/heads.pdf> From the lit review: > > In light of all the variations, it is > natural to ask if inhomogeneity in the > mass distribution of the coin can > change the outcome. [Lindley, ...
12
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1256
79707
47,927
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79708
7
Can anybody explain me if the category of (associative) rings is co-well-powered? (This is the MacLane definition, in Russian literature this is called "locally small from the right side".) I mean, it is well-powered, of course, since for any ring A one can easily find a skeleton in the category Mono(A) (of all monomor...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18943
Is the category of rings co-well-powered?
Yes, rings as any algebraic theory make a locally presentable category, and this is well- copowred (Adámek and Rosicky, Locally Presentable and Accessible Categories Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, (1994)) About topological case, in the MAria Clementino article "Categorical and topological aspects of semi-abe...
10
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6262
79725
47,934
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79719
1
I'm looking at some statistical literature and trying to compare the results given there in probabilistic big-Oh notation with statements I'm more familiar with. In particular, I'm trying to interpret statements of the form $$ \|\Sigma\_{n(p)} - \Sigma \| = O\_P\left( \frac{\log p}{n(p)}\right). $$ As far as i can te...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2586
proofs of stochastic boundedness
The problem is that there are no universally agreed upon notations. Maybe [this](http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.3924) will help.
1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1061
79738
47,941
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79746
1
If you take a conic through 5 rational points on a quartic curve, then will at least one of the remaining 3 points also be rational ?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3537
rational points on degree 4 curve
No. Let the conic be the union of lines L\_1 and L\_2, one of which intersects the quartic Q in four rational points. Now the intersection of L\_2 with Q is parametrized by the roots of a quartic equation which can be whatever it wants; in particular it can have one root rational and the rest not.
6
https://mathoverflow.net/users/431
79750
47,947
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79729
5
If a plane curve of degree n intersects an elliptic curve in 3n points, then do those points always sum to zero when added using the group law on the points of an elliptic curve ?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3537
Elliptic curve group law, Sum of intersection points
I assume that elliptic curve means a cubic curve $E$ with some base point $O$. Then the answer to your question is yes if and only if the base point O for the group law is a flex point of $E$. (In many texts it is assumed that the base point of $E$ is a flex line, but to define the group law this is completely unnece...
8
https://mathoverflow.net/users/8621
79751
47,948
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79764
4
I have been trying to learn some deformation theory, and came across the following in a paper: The first order deformations of a morphism of smooth curves $f:X\rightarrow Y$ is in bijection with $H^0(X,f^\*(\mathcal{T}\_Y))$. I would like to understand a proof of this. I understand some simple facts, like $H^1(X,\m...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3261
Reference Request: Deformations of a map bijective to global sections of the pullback of the tangent sheaf
There is actually the following general result. Let us consider a morphism of algebraic schemes $f \colon X \to Y$, where $X$ is reduced and projective and $Y$ smooth. Then the first order deformations of $f$ *leaving the domain and the target fixed* are parametrized by $H^0(X, f^\* T\_Y)$. For a proof (that does n...
6
https://mathoverflow.net/users/7460
79767
47,957
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79761
8
According to [this page](http://math.columbia.edu/~dejong/wordpress/?p=623) and thence [linked text](http://www.numdam.org/item?id=SAC_1967-1968__2__A2_0), if $e : R \to S$ is an epimorphism of rings, then the cardinality of $S$ cannot exceed the cardinality of $R$. This is a non-trivial observation because epimorphism...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1176
Why is the cardinality of the codomain of a ring epimorphism at most the cardinality of the domain?
An explanation of a layman to a layman. Let $T={\rm Im}\ e$. Then embedding $T\to S$ is again an epimorphism. With respect to $T$ the ring $S$ behaves like the ring (not necessarily the field!) of fractions (compare $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$), so it has the same cardinality. It is enough? :-) I think it is possible...
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18814
79775
47,964
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79758
7
Any ideas or references on how to approach this problem? Every element in a set has a parameter $p\_i \geq 0$ and $c\_i \geq 0$. The objective is to find a subset which maximizes $\prod\_{i \in S} p\_i + \sum\_{i \in S} c\_i$ I tried to prove complexity results but was unsuccessful. My guess is that it is NP-Hard, ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18143
Combinatorial Problem
It is actually an easy one. Suppose that you were allowed to take any part of each item adding $tc\_i$ and multiplying by $p\_i^t$ for any $t\in[0,1]$. First, you should take everything that has $p\_i\ge 1$ (because it never hurts). Then you have to maximize $C\prod\_j e^{-b\_j t\_j}+\sum\_j t\_j c\_j$ where $b\_j=-\lo...
14
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1131
79779
47,965
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/76294
1
Hi, Here are a couple of questions: 1. Is there a way to classify all homomorphisms between two finite posets? 2. Same question as (1) but for infinite, locally finite countable connected posets. These questions are relevant to causal set quantization. Thank you PS: I mention a partial result concerning AUTOMOR...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/nan
Causal sets quantization
I think you should study rather endomorphisms of posets than homomorphisms. Then you obtain an algebraic structure (the semigroup of endomorphisms) and in addition a lot of articles in this problem. See, e.g., P. M. Higgins, J. D. Mitchell, M. Morayne and N. Ruškuc, Rank Properties of Endomorphisms of Infinite Partial...
-1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18814
79787
47,971
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79785
2
Let $X$ be the unit sphere in $\ell^2$, i.e. $X=\{x\in\ell^2: \|x\|=1\}$. Let the metric on $X$ be the geodesic metric, i.e. $d(x,y)=\cos^{-1}\langle x,y\rangle$. Call a set a ball-intersection if it is an intersection of closed balls with centers in $X$. Does there exist a decreasing sequence of nonempty ball-inter...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10583
Geometry of the Hilbert sphere
I think yes. Your balls are of the form $X\cap S(x,r)$ where $x\in X$ and $S(s,r)$ is the slice $\{y: \|y\|\le 1 \ \text{and} \ \langle x,y\rangle \ge r\}$ of the unit ball. Note that if $y$ is in a slice, so is $y/\|y\|$. The slices have non empty intersection because they are weakly compact. EDIT: This argument loo...
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2554
79789
47,973
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79515
4
Let $G=KH$ be a frobenius group with non-abelian kernel $K$, $|H|=r-1$, $|K|=r^2$, $r=2^m$ for some odd integer $m$, $Z(K)=K'=\Phi(K)$, the Frattini subgroup of $K$, $[K:K']=|K'|=r$. Let both $K/K'$ and $K'$ be elementary abelian 2-groups. My questions are: 1) In my special case, is it correct that <{$k...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12826
Specific question about the first omega subgroup of the non-abelian kernel of a frobenius group
Yes, this is true. Suppose that $\Omega\_1(K)=K$, and let $t\in K$ be such that $t^2=1$, but $t\notin Z(K)$. Then $M=\langle t,Z(K)\rangle$ is an elementary abelian subgroup. But $K=\cup\_{h\in H}\ M^h$, because $H$ acts transitively on $K/\Phi(K)$, and thus every element of $K$ has order $2$, which is absurd. Note t...
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1446
79794
47,975
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79793
1
Let $\mathcal{D} \approx \mathbb{P}^{\delta\_d}$, be the space of homogeneous degree $d$ polynomials in three variables $[X,Y,Z] \in \mathbb{P}^2$ upto scaling, where $\delta\_d = \frac{d(d+3)}{2}$. Note that we have two tautological line bundles $$ \gamma\_{\mathcal{D}} \rightarrow \mathcal{D}, \qquad \gamma\_{\mat...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4463
Does the diffeomorphism group preserving a particular section act transitively?
I am not sure I understand the meaning of the equation $\psi\circ g=\psi$ as I don't see how to compare a section at two different points without fixing an isomorphism between the line-bundle and its pull-back under $g$. Anyway, in any possible interpretation, I don't think the group preserving $\psi$ acts transitively...
4
https://mathoverflow.net/users/605
79796
47,977
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79799
6
The following assertion appears in a paper I am reading, and I can't seem to verify it. Let $\text{Gr}\_{n,m}$ denote the set of pairs $(V,W)$ where $V$ and $W$ are as follows. 1. $V$ is an $n$-dimensional subspace of $\mathbb{C}^{\infty}$. 2. $W$ is an $m$-dimensional subspace of $\mathbb{C}^{\infty}$. 3. $V$ and ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18954
Homotopy equivalence between the Grassmannian Gr_{n,m} and Gr_n \times Gr_m.
The forgetful map $Gr\_{n,m} \to Gr\_n$ that drops $W$ is a fiber bundle (exercise), and the map $Gr\_{n,m} \to Gr\_n \times Gr\_m$ is a map of fiber bundles. It's an equivalence on the (connected) base space, so it suffices to check that the map of fibers is an equivalence. The fibers over $V$ are, respectively: $m$...
10
https://mathoverflow.net/users/360
79801
47,979
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/68630
2
Here is the question: if $X$ is a separated, finite type scheme over a perfect field (but not necassarily smooth) is the map $KH\_n(X) \to \prod\_{x \in X^{(0)}} KH\_n(k(x))$ injective? If $X$ is smooth, this is known for the Zariski sheaf associated to $KH\_n$. I am wondering if anyone knows off the top of their h...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12914
Gersten for homotopy invariant K-theory of non-singular varieties.
Your question is an interesting one. But smoothness is essential to Quillen's proof of Gersten's conjecture (in his paper, Higher Algebraic K-theory : I), which, I'm assuming, you intend to use to deduce the consequence you state.
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/15247
79805
47,982
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79809
2
The Iwasawa decomposition and Cartan decomposition for $GL(n)$ is available for local fields. This can be proven for totally disconnected fields and archimedian fields seperatly by hand. Here is a question, I am asking out of curiosity: Is there a proof, which does not use the exact structure of the maximal compact...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10400
Iwasawa decomposition and Cartan decomposition
You have a proof which uses the fact that maximal compact open subgroups correspond to vertices in the building of ${\rm GL}(n)$. For instance for the Cartan decomposition you want to classify the orbits of $K={\rm GL}(n,{\mathfrak o}\_F)$ (${\mathfrak o}\_F$ denotes the ring of integers of your p-adic field $F$) in th...
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4767
79816
47,986
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79817
2
If we consider metric spaces to be categories enriched over $\mathbb R\_{\geq 0}$, the object corresponding to presheaves should be lipschitz-continuous functions $\operatorname{Lip^ 1}(M, \mathbb R\_{\geq 0})$. Now there should be an obvious metric on this set; making the Yoneda map $$x\mapsto \operatorname d(-,x)$$ a...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1261
Reference Request(Enriched Categories): Metric on Lipschitz Continuous Functions
It is the usual sup metric. See section 2 of Lawvere's original [article](http://www.tac.mta.ca/tac/reprints/articles/1/tr1abs.html).
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4262
79823
47,988
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79807
9
At [this nLab page](https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/COSHEP) we have the line > > In contrast, any topos that violates countable choice, of which there are plenty, must also violate internal COSHEP. > > > It doesn't give an example, and neither does the [page on countable choice](https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/cou...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4177
Example of a topos that violates countable choice
One sort of examples consists of the topoi of sets and functions obtained from models of ZF that violate countable choice. The original Cohen model is among these, and so are many others. Perhaps easier to understand are permutation models of ZFA (the variant of ZF that allows for atoms (= urelements)). The basic Fraen...
13
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6794
79828
47,989
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79808
3
Can we write every (tempered) distribution $\psi$, say on $\mathbb{R}$, as the sum of two distributions $\psi = \psi\_1 + \psi\_2$ such that $\psi\_1$ and the Fourier transform of $\psi\_2$ are actually measurable functions of moderate growth. If so, under which additional conditions are the choices $\psi\_1$ and ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10400
Decomposition of distributions
The [Dirac Comb](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_comb), an infinite sum of delta functions, is an example of a tempered distribution that cannot be thusly decomposed (its Fourier transform is another Dirac Comb). [Added:] There is a positive result in this direction that I (among others) only partly-remembered: A...
4
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6753
79839
47,998
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79865
16
A variety is called $\mathcal D$- affine if the global section functor induces an equivalence between quasi-coherent $\mathcal D$-modules and modules over $\Gamma(X,\mathcal D)$. It is easy to see that affine varieties are $\cal D$-affine. More surprisingly, by an important theorem of Beilinson-Bernstein, (partial) fl...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2837
Examples for D-affine varieties?
As Alexander mentions above, it is a conjecture (and one that has stood for a while) that the OP has given a complete list of D-affine projective varieties. My perspective on this is that $T^\*G/P$ (which differential operators quantize) are just not a good model for other cotangent bundles. For example: * $T^\*G...
21
https://mathoverflow.net/users/66
79870
48,012
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79872
2
How does one compute Chern numbers of spherical rational homology classes $$f: S ^{2k} \to BU.$$ These generate rational homology by Milnor-Moore theorem since BU is a connected H-space, and so $c\_k$ cannot kill such a class. It seems very likely that $\langle c\_k,[f] \rangle =1$ but what is the proof? Let me add her...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/16877
Chern numbers of primitive classes in BU
We have that if $f\colon S^{2k}\to BU$ is an actual map of topological spaces (it is a little bit unclear from your formulation if you assume this) then $\langle c\_k,[f]\rangle>$ is a multiple of $(k-1)!$ and all multiple are possible. See for instance Husemoller: Fibre bundles, Cor 18.9.8, GTM 20, Springer Verlag.
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4008
79873
48,014
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79829
4
Assume I have a $n\times n$ positive semidefinite matrix $G$ of rank $p$ satisfying a set of $np - p(p-1)/2$ equations $v^T\_jGv\_j = 1$, $j = 1 \ldots np - p(p-1)/2$ for some given vectors $v\_j$. It is assumed these equations are linearly independent. Note here that the number of equations is exactly equal to the deg...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18693
Unique matrix satisfying a system of equations
In the case $n=3$,$p=2$, your 5 constraints for $v\_1 = (1,0,0)^T$, $v\_2 = (0,1,0)^T$, $v\_3 = (0,0,1)^T$, $v\_4 = (1,-2,0)^T$ and $v\_5 = (1,-1,1)^T$ have solution $G = \pmatrix{1 & 1 & t\cr 1 & 1 & t\cr t & t & 1\cr}$, which has rank 2 and is positive semidefinite if $-1 < t < 1$.
4
https://mathoverflow.net/users/13650
79876
48,016
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79811
5
**The problem**: I have a system of **N** linear equations, with **K** unknowns; and **K > N**. Although the equations are over $\mathbb Z$, the unknowns can only take the values **0** or **1**. Here's an example with **N**=11 equations and **K**=15 unknowns: > > $1 = x\_1 + x\_9$ > > $2 = x\_{1} + x\_{2} +...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18957
How many 0, 1 solutions would this system of underdetermined linear equations have?
In complexity terms, no "efficient" (polynomial time) solution is likely. However in practical terms you may be able to solve quite large problems of this nature, either by using integer linear programming software (I recommend Gurobi) or constraint satisfaction programming software. For example, here is how you wo...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1492
79880
48,018
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79881
3
That is wrong or right about this question and answer? Question: Is there a cardinality which is greater than the continuum? Answer: Yes and No. If there is a Universe where a given cardinal kappa is greater than the size of the continuum, then there is a Generic-Extension of this Universe where the size of the con...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/nan
A question about a question and answer.
In ordinary set theory, "Yes" is right and "No" is wrong. Even after you generically extend the universe to make the cardinal of the continuum bigger than a given $\kappa$, there are plenty of other cardinals that are even bigger than your new continuum. As M Turgeon says, to avoid cardinals larger than the continuum, ...
10
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6794
79882
48,019
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79883
8
Steven Weintraub's book {\em A Guide to Advanced Linear Algebra} includes the following remark: "Of course, there is no algorithm for factoring polynomials, as we know from Galois theory." I can't make sense of this. I feel confident that Galois theory doesn't speak to the question of algorithms, and confident that...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10909
Galois theory and algorithms
You are absolutely correct, this statement as stated does not make much sense. Over the integers (or any algebraic extension thereof), there are known algorithms for factoring multivariate polynomials. Any textbook on Computer Algebra will list some of them. This has been an area of research with ups and downs, with ...
11
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3993
79885
48,020
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79891
5
I'd like to know if there exists a holomorphic rank 2 sub-bundle of $T\mathbb{P}^3$ which, when restricted to a given line is $\mathcal{O}(-a)\oplus \mathcal{O}(a)$, but is trivial when restricted to all other lines lying in a plane containing this line (i.e. this line is a jumping line of order $a$). EDIT: From Ange...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3709
A vector bundle with a given jumping line
The only holomorphic subbudles of $T\mathbb P^3$ are the null-correlation bundles coming from symplectic forms in 4 variables (see for example <http://www.math.ubc.ca/~reichst/nesting.pdf>, Corollary 1.6). The first Chern class of a null-correlation bundle is non-zero, so the answer is negative.
7
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4790
79896
48,027
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/76362
21
**Short version:** One can define a version of the Lefschetz fixed point theorem using any homology or cohomology theory. All versions will be true on some topological spaces, since they agree on some topological spaces, but some might be true more generally than others. If two versions have the same generality, one mi...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18060
What is the best homology/cohomology theory for the Lefschetz fixed point theorem?
To answer your specific question about compact T3 spaces: First of all, every compact Hausdorff space (T2 space) is automatically a T4 space (a Hausdorff normal space). In the literature one usually says "compact Hausdorff space". A continuum is a compact, connected, metrizable Hausdorff space. There is a famous exampl...
20
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1450
79899
48,029
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79850
13
Does anyone have a recommendation for software which can efficiently calculate the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff series in classical Lie algebras? Right now, I have a problem which boils down to understanding Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff with respect to a basis in su(2), and this seems like the kind of thing Sage or Mathemat...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/9581
Software for Computing Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff
There is a quite comprehensive package for Lie algebras in Maple. It is developed by Ian Anderson (from Utah State not Jethro Tull).
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6818
79911
48,035
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/75522
8
> > A vector space $V$ of dimension $n$ has an associated determinant line $Det(V)$. > > An element of $Det(V)$ is represented as a (formal limear combination) of expresstions of the form > $v\_1 \wedge v\_2 \wedge \ldots \wedge v\_n$, subject to the usual multilinearity and antisymmetry relations. > > > I'...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/5690
How can I write down a point in the Berezinian of a super vector space?
From page 61 of Deligne and Morgan's article *Notes on supersymmetry (following Joseph Bernstein)*: > > "A basis $\{e\_1,\ldots,e\_p,e\_{p+1},\ldots,e\_{p+q}\}$ of $L$ defines a one-element > basis $[e\_1,\ldots,e\_p,e\_{p+1},\ldots,e\_{p+q}]$ of $Ber(L)$." > > > That's an answer to the question.
0
https://mathoverflow.net/users/5690
79914
48,036
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79913
3
If $G$ is an infinite compact group, how many orbits can $G$ have under the group action of its continuous automorphisms ?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18583
Action on a compact group
If $G$ is a simple compact matrix Lie group of positive dimension, then there are continuously many orbits: elements with distinct eigenvalues are not conjugate and the outer automorphism group is finite. If on the other hand $G=\mathbb{Z}\_p$ with $p$ a prime, there are countably many orbits. On yet another hand, ...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2349
79916
48,038
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79869
5
Let $(X,\mu,\mathcal{F})$ be a probability space. The paper *[Equiconvergence of Martingales](http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aoms/1177693405)* by Edward Boylan introduced a pseudometric on sub-$\sigma$-fields (sub-$\sigma$-algebras) of $\mathcal{F}$ as follows: $\rho(\mathcal{G},\mathcal{H}) := \sup\_{A\in \mathcal...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12978
Is the Hausdorff metric on sub-$\sigma$-fields separable?
Take a sequence $A\_n$ of independent sets of measure $1/2$. Given two different subsets $B$ and $C$ of natural numbers, suppose WLOG that there is an $n$ in $B\sim C$. Now $\mu(A\_n\Delta A) = 1/2$ for all sets $A$ which are independent of $A\_n$, so the distance from the sigma algebra generated by $(A\_n)\_{n\in B}$ ...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2554
79923
48,040
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79918
0
Let $A$ be an abelian scheme over a base scheme $S$ and $\omega$ a global section of the differential module $\Omega^1\_{A\times\_S A/S}$. Suppose that $\omega$ is zero when restricted to $A\times S$ and $S\times A$, both times via the zero section and the identity. Then why can one conclude that $\omega$ itself is...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18183
Differential forms on abelian schemes
It has nothing to do with abelian schemes. Just use the ``product rule'' of differentiation. This is a natural isomorphism: $$ p\_1^\*\Omega^1\_{A/S}\oplus p\_2^\*\Omega^1\_{A/S}\to \Omega^1\_{A\times\_S A/S} $$ The zero section of $A$ affords an inverse to this natural map: if $s\_1 : A\to A\times\_S A$ is the inc...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/36285
79924
48,041
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79818
0
Hello everyone, I'm currently working over a certain class of ODE of the form $D\_N \; \phi(x) = \lambda^N \phi(x) \quad, \quad N>1$ where $D\_N = \delta\_N \delta\_{N-1} \cdots \delta\_1$ and $\delta\_k = (\frac{d}{dx}-A\_k(x)), \quad 1 \leq k \leq N$. For various reasons my interest at the moment is focused o...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18961
On properties of Wronskians of ODE
I don't have a reference, a while back I learned in a paper by Percy Deift something that my help; it is easy to fill in the details with a bit of linear algebra. Write the equation as a system $\frac{d}{dx}F = M F \quad $ where $F$ is a function of $x$ taking values in $R^{n}$, and $M$ is a square matrix valued functi...
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/15828
79933
48,045
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79932
0
Let $G$ be an undirected odd cycle. Let $f$ be a proper 3-coloring of $G$. If $w=v\_1v\_2...v\_k$ is a walk on $k$ vertices of $G$, let $f(w)=f(v\_1)f(v\_2)...f(v\_k)$. Let $W\_k=\{f(w)|w$ is a walk on $k$ vertices in $G\}$. Let $|W\_k|$ be the cardinality of $W\_k$. Is it true that $\lim\_{k \to \infty} \frac{\log ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4250
Counting walks on proper colorings of odd cycles
Certainly not. Take the coloring that is alternating black and white, except for a single red.
1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1061
79941
48,049
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79577
8
It is well known that the graded algebra $\mathcal{M}(1)$ of Modular forms for $\Gamma = PSL\_2(\mathbb{Z})$ is the polynomial algebra $$ \mathcal{M}(1) = \mathbb{C}[E\_4, E\_6] $$ where $E\_4$ and $E\_6$ are the Eisenstein series of weights 4 and 6, respectively. It is also true that, while $E\_2 = -\frac{1}{24} + \su...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1703
How do the rings of level $N$ quasi-modular forms related to the rings of modular forms?
Dear Simon: Your assertion is right. Let $\Gamma$ be a subgroup of finite index in $SL\_2(Z)$. Then any quasi-modular form for $\Gamma$ can be written uniquely as a polynomial in $E\_2$ with coefficients which are modular forms for $\Gamma$. This is proved in a paper by Kaneko and Zagier, A generalized Jacobi theta fun...
11
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19003
79945
48,050
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79943
12
Consider the two types of Grassmannians Gr(2,7) and Gr(3,6) having their plucker embeddings in $\mathbb P^{20}$ and $\mathbb P^{19}$ respectivley. The first one is 10-dimensional and latter is 9-dimensional, so each having codimension 10. We can easily compute their defining equations and both of them are defined by 35...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19001
How Gr(2,7) and Gr(3,6) are related?
I don't know whether the ideals have the same kind of free resolutions, but $Gr(3,6)$ is definitely not a hyperplane section of $Gr(2,7)$. Otherwise, their $H^{\leq 8}$ would be the same by the Lefschetz hyperplane theorem. However, $H^6(Gr(3,6))$ is 3-dimensional and is spanned by $c\_1^3, c\_1c\_2$ and $c\_3$, and $H...
11
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2349
79948
48,052
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79944
5
Let $Y$ be an abelian surface. Is it true that for every general point $P \in Y$, there exists an elliptic curve passing through $P$?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1937
Elliptic curves on abelian surface
In general, if an abelian variety $A$ contains an abelian subvariety $B\subseteq A$, then $A$ contains another abelian subvariety $B'\subseteq A$ such that $A$ is isogenous to $B\times B'$. This is [Poincaré's reducibility theorem](http://books.google.com/books?id=MOW2gEP7HIkC&lpg=PP1&dq=birkenhake%2520lange&pg=PA125#v...
19
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10076
79951
48,054
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79920
10
What is the (currently known) consistency strength of global failure of the GCH? I do not have access to the exact statement of the original Foreman-Woodin result. My searches seem to indicate that they used an assumption at the region of a supercompact, although I have seen comments stating that the result has been ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18995
Failure of the GCH
The following quotations are taken from Matthew Foreman and W. Hugh Woodin, "The generalized continuum hypothesis can fail everywhere," *Ann. Math.* **133** (1991), 1–35. > > THEOREM. Let $\kappa$ be a supercompact cardinal with infinitely many inaccessible cardinals above $\kappa$. Then there is a partial ordering...
12
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3106
79955
48,058
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79934
4
Consider an ordinary Dirichlet series which is absolutely converge in some half plane Re s>c. Question:Suppose it can be extended meromorphically to the whole complex plane with finite many poles.is it of finite order?If not,is it possible to construct a counterexample?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18286
Analytic continuation of ordinary Dirichlet series
Well, a simple counter example is $$A(s)=\sum\_{n=1}^\infty a\_n n^{-s}= e^{\eta(s)},$$ where $$\eta(s)=\sum\_{n=1}^\infty (-1)^{n-1} n^{-s}=(1-2^{1-s})\zeta(s).$$ This Dirichlet series is obviously meromorphic since it is in fact entire and it is also absolutely convergent on some half plane Re$(s)>c$. This entire fu...
7
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10811
79957
48,059
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79827
4
I have been reading "Combinatorial Rigidity" by Graver, Servatius and Servatius and I am interested in their chapter on rigidity in dimension $\geq$ 3. I have two questions. 1. What is the current status of the Henneberg conjecture (ie that every 2-extension of a 3-isostatic graph is isostatic?) The GSS book was pub...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18964
Isostatic graphs and the Henneberg conjecture
Question 2 can be addressed computationally by computing the ranks of generic rigidity matrices corresponding to the sequence of graphs. I'll show below that the 6th 2-extension for one choice of sequence creates a non-isostatic set from an isostatic one (because a $K\_{6,6}$ is formed exactly then). I'm not sure ho...
1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/353
79963
48,063
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79967
1
If you derive a right exact functor $F$ you get a functor normally denoted by $RF$ on the derived category. Similarly, if you start with a left exact functor $G$ you get a functor normally denoted by $LG$. These are simply two triangulated functors on a triangulated categories. Suppose they are both defined in the same...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/36285
derived functors and triangulated categories
I am not sure what your goal is with this question, but I think there is an inherent problem with your set up. $RF$ stands for a functor *derived from* $F$ and not just a functor on the derived category. If you consider the derived category only as a triangulated category via a forgetful functor then you are also forge...
9
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10076
79968
48,065
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79960
-4
You can write the n roots of an n degree polynomial in terms of its n coefficients, i.e., "Vieta's" formulas. You can solve this system of nonlinear equations using Newton's method and the Jacobian. What I am missing is which part of this procedure violates n>5 unsolvable algebraically --aren't all the matrix ope...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/13403
what part of using vieta's formulas violates quintic non-solvability?
The proper notion is "unsolvability with respect to a certain set of operations"; in the case of Galois-Abel's result regarding the quintic equation, this means that there will be no nice algebraic formula using just nth-roots, addition, etc. (Use Some encyclopedia for the proper set.) There are formulas for solving th...
8
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3206
79969
48,066
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79959
32
Let $k$ be a field, and $A$ a $k$-domain, so that the fraction field of $A$ has transcendence degree $n$ over $k$. If $A$ is finitely-generated over $k$, then $A$ has Krull dimension $n$ (Theorem A in Eisenbud). However, if $A$ is infinitely-generated, then it is possible for the dimension of $A$ to be less than th...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/750
Krull dimension less or equal than transcendence degree?
It looks to me like the answer is **yes**. Fix any strictly increasing chain of primes $P\_0 \subsetneq P\_1 \subsetneq \cdots \subsetneq P\_m$ in $A$ of length $m$; we'll prove that $m \leq n$. Choose elements $x\_i \in P\_i \setminus P\_{i-1}$ for $i = 1,\dots,m$. Let $B \subseteq A$ be the $k$-subalgebra genera...
48
https://mathoverflow.net/users/778
79974
48,069
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79956
11
An affine scheme $X = Spec(A)$ is said to be smooth if for any closed embedding $X\subset\mathbf A^n$, of ideal $I$, it is true that, locally on $x\in X$, the ideal $I$ can be generated by a sequence $f\_{r+1},\dots,f\_n$ such that their Jacobian has maximal rank. My question is: * Will the Jacobian of ANY set of $...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/36285
Jacobian criterion for smoothness of schemes
Yes, the rank of the Jacobian matrix doesn't depend on the set of generators of $I$. The Jacobian matrix at $x$ represents the subspace generated by the differentials at $x$ of all $f\in I$. Note that the rank of the Jacobian matrix at $x$ is computed in the fiber where $x$ lives, it has nothing to do with the base ...
12
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3485
79977
48,072
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/69589
7
I have redone this question: On $\mathbb R^n$ the Carleson Operator if defined by $$Cf(x) = \sup\_{R>0} \left \vert \int\_{B\_R(0)} e^{2\pi i x\cdot \xi} \widehat{f}(\xi) d \xi \right \vert. $$ (In the previous version I had an incorrect version of this written down which lead to some stupid conclusions). * For $n...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1467
Carleson's Theorem (on the Adeles and other exotic groups)
There is a p-adic analogue of Carleson's theorem. This was worked out by Hunt and Taibleson and you can find an exposition in Taibleson's book "Fourier analysis on local fields". (NB Taibleson did a lot of work extending Euclidean harmonic analysis results such as Carleson's theorem and boundedness of singular integral...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/7361
79978
48,073
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79889
3
To my knowledge, the strongest modularity lifting theorem known to date can be found in the preprint **Potential automorphy and change of weight** by Thomas Barnet-Lamb, David Geraghty, Toby Gee and Richard Taylor (accessible through their webpages). A key idea in this work seems to be the introduction of a new loca...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/11928
Potential diagonalizability: motivation?
Graff's answer is (naturally) accurate. Historically I think it went something like this: * observation that the fact that "automorphy of a point on a component of a universal deformation ring implies automorphy of the whole component" (i.e. the general TWK method) could profitably be combined with the Harris tensor ...
6
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1125
79981
48,075
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79662
1
Let $\langle M\_i:i<\theta\rangle$ be an increasing chain of Banach spaces, where each $M\_i$ has density character $\mu$ (i.e.,the mininum cardinality of a dense subset of $M\_i$ is $\mu$). Let $B\_i\subset M\_i$ be a dense subset of $M\_i$ of cardinality $B\_i$. Notice that $\bigcup\_{i<\theta}B\_i$ is a dense subset...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18925
A question about density character of Banach spaces.
If $X$ is any metric space and $Y$ is any subspace of $X$ then $dc(Y) \leq dc(X)$.
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/17836
79982
48,076
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79929
2
Let me first state the definitions : A not-nullhomotopic closed curve / loop $c$ on an orientable surface $X,c:[0,1]\to X$ is called simple closed curve is $c|[0,1)$ is injective and [ $c(0)=c(1) ] ; $ A closed curve / loop $c$ is called primitive if in the fundamental group $\pi\_1(X,c(1)),$ the homotopy class $[c]$...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6953
How to rigorously prove that simple closed curves on a surface are primitive closed curves ?
Suppose that $c = \gamma^n$ in $\pi\_1(X)$. Note that, as $\pi\_1(X)$ is torsion free and $c$ is assumed to be non-trivial, the element $\gamma$ generates an infinite cyclic subgroup $\langle \gamma \rangle < \pi\_1(X)$. Let $A = X^\gamma$ be the cover of $X$ corresponding to the subgroup $\langle \gamma \rangle$. So $...
9
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1650
79985
48,078
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79927
4
By [Robin's theorem](http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RobinsTheorem.html) $$G(n)=\frac{\sigma(n)}{n \log \log n}$$ is bounded by $e^\gamma \approx 1.78107241799$ for $n>5040$ assuming Riemann hypothesis . For $n=\mathrm {lcm} (1,2 \dots k)$, $G(n)$ appears generally increasing as $k$ increases reaching $\approx 1.781...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12481
Which $n$ maximize $G(n)=\frac{\sigma(n)}{n \log \log n}$?
First, from a more detailed theorem of Robin we have an unconditional result (1984) that says that your ratio of interest is, for $n \geq 13,$ smaller than $$ e^\gamma + \frac{0.64821364942...}{(\log \log n)^2},$$ with the constant in the numerator giving equality for $n=12.$ from which it follows that your supremum i...
9
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3324
79987
48,080
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79984
7
I want to understand Prop 6 in the paper "[Convergence of the Q-curvarture flow on $S^4$](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2005.07.002)" by Simon Brendle. I understand that for every $p\in B^4$, where $B^4=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^5: |x|\leq 1\}$, $$\phi(x)=p+\frac{1-|p|^2}{1+2\langle p,x\rangle+|p|^2}(x+p) $$defines a conform...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/14579
conformal diffeomorphism of sphere
Conformal diffeomorphisms of $S^n$ correspond to hyperbolic isometries of hyperbolic space $\mathbb H^{n+1}$ -- the idea is to think of $S^n$ as the visual sphere for hyperbolic space, all conformal diffeos extend uniquely to a hyperbolic isometry. For (ii), no. Hyperbolic isometries have various forms. Your $\phi$ ...
4
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1465
79990
48,082
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80002
47
Let $A$, $B$ be finite groups. Is it true that all short exact sequences $1 \rightarrow A \rightarrow A \times B \rightarrow B \rightarrow 1$ split on the right? In other words, do there exist finite groups $A$, $B$ and homomorphisms $f: A \rightarrow A \times B$, $g: A \times B \rightarrow B$ such that $1 \rightarro...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19012
Do all exact $1 \to A \to A \times B \to B \to 1$ split for finite groups?
This is [true](https://doi.org/10.1515/JGT.2006.020) (1). It was extended to finitely generated profinite groups [here](https://doi.org/10.1515/JGT.2006.021) (2). Surprisingly, it is [also true](https://doi.org/10.1215/kjm/1250524308) in the category of finitely generated modules over a Noetherian commutative ring (3)....
53
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2083
80003
48,085
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79999
13
Please forgive me if this is easy for some reason. Suppose given $S$, a set of $n^2$ points in $\mathbb{R}^2$. I want to choose a bijective map $f$ from $S$ to the set of lattice points in $\lbrace 0,\ldots,n-1\rbrace \times \lbrace 0,\ldots,n-1\rbrace$ so as to maximize the sum, over all $p$ in $S$, of the dot pro...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/431
Complexity of a weirdo two-dimensional sorting problem
To elaborate on the comments of Will Sawin and fedja: The question isn't a sorting problem, but it is a matching problem. If $S$ is your arbitrary set and $G = [n]^2$ is your grid, then you are marrying elements of $S$ to elements in $G$, where the happiness of each marriage is your dot product $p \cdot f(p)$. Any happ...
19
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1450
80004
48,086
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80013
9
Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a small category with some ( maybe no) colimits. What I would like to be able to do is add the rest of the colimits in a universal way. The Yoneda lemma will not work, since this simply adds all colimits formally. That is to say that you have new colimits that are different than the old. We do have...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/16801
Given a small category with some colimits, can the rest of the colimits be added?
Yes. More generally, let $A$ be a small category, and $D$ some set of "distinguished" colimits in $A$ — for example, you could take the set of all colimits that exist. A *sheaf* on $(A,D)$ is a functor $F: A^{\mathrm{op}} \to \mathrm{Set}$ such that for every colimit diagram $d\in D$, $Fd$ is a limit diagram in $\mat...
10
https://mathoverflow.net/users/78
80017
48,090
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79723
0
Let $\mathcal{D} \approx \mathbb{P}^{\delta\_d}$, be the space of homogeneous degree $d$ polynomials in three variables $[X,Y,Z] \in \mathbb{P}^2$ upto scaling, where $\delta\_d = \frac{d(d+3)}{2}$. Note that we have two tautological line bundles $$ \gamma\_{\mathcal{D}} \rightarrow \mathcal{D}, \qquad \gamma\_{\mat...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4463
What is the simplest way to show that a section of a vector bundle is transverse to the zero set
It sounds like a multijet transversality theorem (see for example M. Golubitsky, V. Guillemin, Stable mappings and their singularities) in context of algebraic geometry. So, the answer is true --- a proof of this theorem uses only polynoms for perturbations which achieves general position.
1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4298
80018
48,091
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79942
1
I apologize if this is a simple question, but does the Grassmannian of lines in $\mathbb P\_k^3$, $\mathbb G(1,3)$, embed into $\mathbb P\_k^5$ when $k$ an algebraically closed field of characteristic $2$?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19000
Plucker embedding in char 2
The most general form of the Plücker embedding I know of is the following, which you can find in EGA I, 9.8: Let $S$ be an arbitrary base scheme and $\mathcal{F}$ be a quasi-coherent sheaf on $S$. Then there is a canonical morphism of $S$-schemes $\mathrm{Grass}\_n(\mathcal{F}) \to \mathbb{P}(\Lambda^n(\mathcal{F}))$. ...
1
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2841
80028
48,094
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80025
8
The Duflo map is the map S(g) -> U(g), which known to satisfy the following properties: 1) identity on g 2) isomorphism of g-modules (and in particular vector spaces) 3) restricted to Poisson center on S(g) it is ISOMORPHISM of commutative algebras S(g)^g to ZU(g) (the center of U(g)). (This is highly non-trivial...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10446
Is the Duflo map for Lie algs. unique ?
Choose a map $\varphi$ satisfying these properties and make the difference $\psi=\varphi^{-1}\varphi\_D$ with the Duflo map. Then $\psi$ is an automorphism of the $\mathfrak g$-module $S(\mathfrak g)$ which is the identity on $\mathfrak g$ and is multiplicative on invariants. If you want this map to be universal (na...
7
https://mathoverflow.net/users/7031
80045
48,104
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80056
27
I am toying with the idea of using slides (Beamer package) in a third year math course I will teach next semester. As this would be my first attempt at this, I would like to gather ideas about the possible pros and cons of doing this. Obviously, slides make it possible to produce and show clear graphs/pictures (whic...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3635
Using slides in math classroom
I think you already touched on the two main points: pretty pictures are so much better than anything done on a chalkboard is the pro, but you cannot decently unwind any argument on slides. I've used them intensively, I do it a lot less now. (Here's a con you did forget about: they take a **lot** of time to prepare, ...
26
https://mathoverflow.net/users/8212
80058
48,109
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80055
6
While looking for a closed form of a expression I worked myself to a formula that resembles the Vandermonde convolution, but is summed over even binomial coefficients only. $\sum\_{k=0}^n\sum\_{l=0}^n{{2k+2l}\choose{2l}}{{4n-2k-2l}\choose{2n-2l}}$ I'm at a loss as to what to do with it. I can re-write it in severa...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19024
Sums of binomials with even coefficients
We have $$\sum\_l\binom{a+l}lx^l=\frac1{(1-x)^{a+1}},$$ hence the generating function for the even terms of the sequence is $$\sum\_l\binom{a+2l}{2l}x^{2l}=\frac12\left(\frac1{(1-x)^{a+1}}+\frac1{(1+x)^{a+1}}\right).$$ Consequently, \begin{multline\*}\sum\_l\binom{a+2l}{2l}\binom{b+2(n-l)}{2(n-l)}=\\\\ [x^{2n}]\frac14\...
15
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12705
80068
48,114
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80061
2
Let $X$ be a complex, projective, nonsingular variety. We also understand it as a Kähler Manifold. My question now is, when people say $c\_1(X) < 0$, what exactly do they mean? Let me elaborate. In [this paper](http://www.math.cuhk.edu.hk/~kwchan/MYIneq.pdf), it is said that Yau's inequality $$ (-1)^n c\_1^n \le (-1)...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/9947
Condition on the canonical divisor for Yau Inequality - effective or ample?
You should read $c\_1(X)<0$ as saying that the first Chern class of $T\_X$ is *negative*, or the line bundle $K\_X$ is *positive*, in the sense of curvature. But positive line bundles are ample line bundles. This fact is sometimes called the Kodaira Embedding Theorem. See for example p. 181 of Griffiths-Harris, Princip...
4
https://mathoverflow.net/users/7399
80070
48,116
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80081
45
I'm trying to get a grasp on what it means for a manifold to be spin. My question is, roughly: > > What are some "good" (in the sense of illustrating the concept) examples of manifolds which are spin (or not spin) (and why)? > > > --- For comparison, I'd consider the cylinder and the mobius strip to be "go...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1540
What are "good" examples of spin manifolds?
There's the traditional obstruction-theoretic perspective. Orientability means the tangent bundle trivializes over a 1-skeleton. Dually you could think of that as saying the complement of a co-dimension $2$ subcomplex has a trivial tangent bundle. So admitting a spin structure is the same, but it will be the tangent...
38
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1465
80090
48,128
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80099
0
> > Let $S\_{\kappa}$ denote the symmetric group on some set of cardinality $\kappa$. Does there exist a generating set $X \subset S\_{\kappa}$ such that $|X| < |S\_{\kappa}|$ ($\stackrel{?}{=} 2^{\kappa}$)? > > > More specifically, does there exist a countable set of generators for $S\_{\mathbb{N}}$? And if so...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18573
For the symmetric group on an infinite set, is there a generating set of strictly smaller cardinality?
It seems clear that the answer to the first and third questions is 'no'. Indeed, if a set of generators $X$ is of infinite cardinality $\alpha$, then the group so generated cannot have cardinality greater than $\alpha$, since it is a quotient of the free group generated by $X$, which in turn is a quotient of the free m...
5
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2926
80102
48,136
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80075
15
I have a good motivation to ask the question below, but since the post is already a little long, and the problem looks rather natural and appealing (well, to me, at least), I'd rather go straight to the point. Let $n\ge 3$ be an integer. If $E$ denotes the standard basis of the vector space ${\mathbb F}\_2^n$, then f...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/9924
The hypercube: $|A {\stackrel2+} E| \ge |A|$?
OK, suppose that $n\ge 3$, let $A$ be a set of *even* vertices of cardinatily $2^n\mu\ge 2^{n-2}$ (so $\mu\ge \frac 14$), and write $B:=A{\stackrel2+}E$; that is, $B$ is the set of odd vertices with at least two neighbors in $A$. Assume that $|B|=2^n\xi$. Our aim is to show that $\xi\ge\mu$. Let us consider the action ...
8
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1131
80104
48,138
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80125
21
Prove/ Disprove: Let $n$ be a positive integer. Let $A$, $B$ be two $n \times n$ square matrices over the complex numbers. If $AB = BA$ and $\ker A = \ker A^2$ and $\ker B = \ker B^2$ then $\ker AB = \ker A + \ker B$. (Recall that $\ker A$ is the set of all vectors $v$ such that $Av = 0$.) Background: I am teachin...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/4048
When is $\ker AB = \ker A + \ker B$?
Since $\ker A = \ker A^2$, the map $\bar{A} : V/\ker A \to V/\ker A$ is injective. Since $V/\ker A$ is finite dimensional, this map is surjective. So for any $x \in V$ we can find $y \in V$ and $z \in \ker A$ such that $x = Ay + z$. Now suppose $ABx = 0$ and let $x = Ay + z$ as above. Then $0 = ABx = ABAy + ABz = A^2...
28
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6827
80129
48,147
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/78587
1
Let $X\_1,\ldots X\_k$ be irreducible(may be singular) affine real algebraic hypersurfaces in $R^n$ with $x\_1,\ldots, x\_k$ connected components, respectively. Let $G\_1,\ldots, G\_l$ be their intersections of dimension $n-2$, with $g\_1,\ldots, g\_l$ connected components, respectively. How we can estimate an uppe...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/16044
Number of connected components of complement to a reducible real algebraic hypersurface.[EDITED]
One possible upper bound could be found in a paper by Hugh E. Warren Lower Bounds for approximation by nonlinear manifolds//Transactions of the AMS. 1968. Vol.133 P.~167--178. He gives the following bound: Let $p\_1,\ldots, p\_m$ be real polynomials in $n$ variables, each of degree $d$ or less. Let $N(p\_i)$ be a s...
2
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80136
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80133
5
I am looking for an article, most likely from the 90s, that generalized the bijection between partitions with odd and distinct parts by explaining how a bijection between the forbidden parts could be transformed into a bijection of the partitions. (So, in the example above, a bijection can be formed using the fact th...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/14102
Article about partitions with forbidden parts/multiplicities
Possible articles you might have seen could be > > M.V. Subbarao, [Partition theorems for Euler pairs](http://www.jstor.org/pss/2037963), Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 28 (1971), > no. 2, 330-336. > > > Here the author characterizes all triples $(A,B,r)$ so that the number of partitions with parts in $A$ is equal to...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80135
1
I'm reading Fulton's "Intersection theory", which i need for some applied needs. And i have two questions on general definition of degree used in Fulton. 1)Let us we have a real algebraic variety defined by a set of equations $f\_1=0, f\_2=0,\ldots ,f\_n=0$ of degrees $d\_1,\ldots, d\_n$ respectively. Using a well-kn...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/16044
Degree of a real algebraic variety and regular morphisms
I would encourage you to read **Algorithms in Real Algebraic Geometry** by Saugata Basu, Richard Pollack, Marie-Françoise Roy, which contains all the state of the art results about effective results in real algebraic geometry. It is a free download from <http://perso.univ-rennes1.fr/marie-francoise.roy/bpr-ed2-posted2....
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https://mathoverflow.net/users/8212
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/78191
5
In their great paper "Symplectic reflection algs. and Harish-Chandra hom." <http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0011114>, Etingof and Ginzburg write (page 9): "In 1964, Harish-Chandra [HC] defined an algebra homomorphism $\Phi: D(\mathfrak{g})^{\mathfrak{g}} \rightarrow D(\mathfrak{h})^W$ that reduces to the restriction map: $...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/10446
Harish-Chandra homom (Etingof-Ginzburg) for inv. dif. opers. on $\mathfrak{gl}_n$; images of higher order $\Delta$: $tr(D^3) = d_{ij}d_{jk}d_{ki}$
I asked Pavel Etingof he answered that "naive answer is correct". Means that higher order Laplacians are mapped to their naive restrictions. This is explicitly stated in Proposition 4.5 page 27 in <http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0606233> P. Etingof "Lectures on Calogero-Moser" === Some steps of the proof - for qua...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80151
1
Let $X$ be a smooth variety over a field $\Bbbk$, and let $Y, Z \subset X$ be closed reduced subschemes of the same dimension, both of which are local complete intersections. Is $Y \cup Z$ necessarily a local complete intersection?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/5094
Is a union of local complete intersections, a local complete intersection?
The union of two planes in $\mathbb A^4$ which meet at a point is not Cohen--Macaulay, and so in particular not a local complete intersection. More generally, any smooth subvariety of a smooth variety is a local complete intersection, so any non-Cohen--Macaulay subvariety whose components are smooth gives an example...
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https://mathoverflow.net/users/2874
80153
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80146
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Does anybody know if there exists a mathematical explanation of the Mendeleev table in quantum mechanics? In some textbooks (for example in "F.A.Berezin, M.A.Shubin. The Schrödinger Equation") the authors present quantum mechanics as an axiomatic system, so one could expect that there is a deduction from the axioms to ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18943
Is the Mendeleev table explained in quantum mechanics?
I doubt any answer will be satisfactory. My opinion is that we are still very far from a mathematical justification. If we accept the mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics, and if we make the approximation that the nucleus of the atom is just one heavy thing with $N$ positive charges, then the motion of the $N$...
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https://mathoverflow.net/users/8799
80155
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80118
5
If $X\_{i}$ are a bunch of iid random variables with mean 0 and finite second moments, we know that $\sum\_{i=1}^{n} \frac{X\_{i}}{\sqrt{n}}$ converges in law to a Gaussian. Furthermore, by the Berry-Esseen theorem, we have some bounds on the rates of this convergence. Similar results hold, even if $X\_{i}$ are only mi...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19033
Stable Law with Rates
Check out this paper: Harmonic mean, random polynomials and stochastic matrices Natalia L. Komarova, , Igor Rivin There are some results of the sort you are asking about there (and since the authors were not then and are not now probabilists, the proofs start from essentially nothing).
0
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80158
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80150
63
I apologize for the somewhat vague question: there may be multiple answers but I think this is phrased in such a way that precise answers are possible. Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a semisimple Lie algebra (say over $\mathbb{C}$) and $\mathfrak{h} \subset \mathfrak{g}$ a Cartan subalgebra. All the references I have seen whi...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3544
What is significant about the half-sum of positive roots?
I don't think there is a one-line answer to this question, since it depends a lot on the direction from which you approach semi-simple Lie theory. For one thing, it's probably best at first to emphasize just *integral* weights, among which the dominant ones parametrize irreducible finite dimensional representations. He...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80169
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I am looking for a reference for a proof of the following: Let $n$ and $a,b, \ldots ,z$ be non-negative integers with $a + b + \ldots + z = n$, and let $p$ be a prime. Write $n = n\_0 + n\_1 p + \ldots + n\_m p^m$ in $p$-ary notation, similarly for $a, b, \ldots , z$. Then, modulo $p$, the multinomial coefficient ${n...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19048
Reference needed for Lucas' Theorem for multinomial coefficients modulo a prime
You can prove this by induction on the maximum number of base $p$ digits, and to make the argument simpler it's better to formulate a mildly *stronger* theorem where the leading base $p$ "digit" is allowed to be nonnegative rather than be constrained between 0 and $p-1$: for $d \geq 0$, $t \geq 1$ and nonnegative integ...
4
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80179
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80176
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I know that for infinite series and $|z|<1$ there exists a confluent hypergeometric expression $ \sum\_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{z^k}{k!k!} = F\_{1}[;1;z] $ This is not very helpful though, and I 'd like to know if it is possible to get some asymptotic expansion for this function and if there exists some general approa...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12418
Asymptotic bounds for a confluent hypergeometric function $F_{1}[;1;x]$
This particular function can be expressed in terms of Bessel's I function as $I(0,2\sqrt{z})$, and from there an asymptotic expression (at $\infty$) is easily derived. It starts $$\frac{e^{\frac{2}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}}}}\left(\frac{1}{z}\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)}}{2\sqrt{\pi}} + O\left(e^{\frac{2}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{...
7
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80185
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80163
17
Let $G$ be a finite group (maybe this will also work when $G$ is compact, or something, but to be safe we'll let it be finite). I imagine it's quite natural to ask: is the category of $G$-spectra equivalent to the category of module spectra over some ring spectrum, probably denoted by $SG$? For definiteness, we can t...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6936
Are $G$-spectra the same as modules over a "group ring spectrum"?
Eric wrote a really nice response telling that your initial hope is incorrect and why. I'd just like to write some positive results that you can find. Disclaimer: I understand little to nothing about the case of a compact Lie group. Schwede and Shipley have a paper entitled "Stable model categories are categories o...
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80192
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79830
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The Serre intersection formula, as an alternating sum of contributions from Tor-groups, is something that combines a lot of ingredients that I'm interested in, but I've never really felt that I have a "grip" on it. One of the reasons for this is that, despite making attempts on a couple of occasions, I never seem to ha...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/360
Geometric examples of the Serre intersection formula
Consider a flat morphism $f:X\to Y$ of smooth connected varieties. For instance let $X=Y\times F$ with $X,Y,F$ all smooth. Further let $Z\subset X$ be a generically reduced subvariety such that $f|\_Z:Z\to Y$ is a finite morphism, which is **not** flat. For any $y\in Y$ let $X\_y\subset X$ denote the fiber of the origi...
10
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80194
3
I asked this question on MSE, but didn't get enough information. If it is a violation of some norms, let me know, I'll delete it. I'm having problem solving this difference equation. Initially I thought it should be quite easy to solve using generating functions (e.g. like in Migdal(2010), Woodbury(1949) or Gani(2006...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/12418
Difference equation $A(n,x)=p(x)A(n-1,x-1)+q(x)A(n-1,x)$
Let $$P\_m(x,z) = \prod\_{k=0}^{m-1} (p(x-k)+q(x-k)z)$$ and $$\mathcal{A\_n}(x,z) = \sum\_{k=0}^{\infty} A(n,x-k) z^k.$$ Then unrolling the given recurrence $m$ times, we get that $A(n,x)$ equals the coefficient of $z^m$ in $$P\_m(x,z)\cdot \mathcal{A}\_{n-m}(x,z).$$ In particular, for $A(n,x)$ equals the coefficien...
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/7076
80206
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80207
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hi, does anybody know a good book on calabi yau manifolds (i am a beginner) ? thanks in advance lois
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19053
book on calabi yau manifolds
Depending on how much of a beginner you are, you could begin by reading Barth-Hulek-Peters-Van de Ven paying particular attention to the section on K3 surfaces (which are 2-(complex)-dimensional Calabi-Yaus): <http://www.springer.com/mathematics/algebra/book/978-3-540-00832-3> For an overview, you could try: <htt...
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80209
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80199
3
It is well known (and wouldn't be so-named unless it were) that: If $\xi$, $\eta$ are $n$-fold extensions of $N$ by $M$ (modules over a ring $R$) which yield the same element of $\text{Ext}^n(M,N)$, then they are in fact equivalent. I am trying to understand a certain proof of this fact (and indeed the proof, for m...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19048
Extensions which define the same element of $\text{Ext}^n(M,N)$ are in fact equivalent
Say the maps in your first displayed diagram are, left to right between the first two rows, $\psi, f\_1, f\_0$ and between the second two rows $\phi, g\_1, g\_0$. Let $\sigma \partial\_2 = \phi-\psi$ (I'm afraid my maps compose in the opposite direction to yours). Let the map $N \to Y\_1$ be $\iota\_Y$. You ask about t...
2
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80210
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79826
11
### Deligne-Lusztig theory is awesome. You take a maximal torus $T$, you take a character $\theta$, construct a variety $X\_T$$^\*$, take etale cohomology, get a virtual character $R\_T^\theta$, maybe it's reducible, so you try to decompose it. ### Gelfand-Graev character is awesome. You take a maximal unipotent ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2024
Is the Gelfand-Graev character isomorphic to a cohomology group for some sheaf on a Deligne-Lusztig variety?
In the 35 years following the Deligne-Lusztig construction of generalized characters of finite groups of Lie type, a considerable amount of work by Lusztig and others has led to a reasonably detailed understanding of the irreducible characters. This is usually quite difficult to make explicit, however, since a lot of r...
9
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/64883
9
This question is not very precise; I hope it is suitable for the site. I have come to a situation where I have to study rational points on an elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$. I don't know much about the curve, let alone its equation. I already have one rational point, which sits on a bounded real connected c...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/828
Elliptic curves with Mordell-Weil group Z/2Z over Q
Mazur's theorem ensures that there are exactly 15 possible cases for the torsion part of the Mordell-Weil group of an elliptic curve: the cyclic groups $\mathbb{Z}\_n$ (with $1\leq n\leq 10$ or $n=12$) and the groups $\mathbb{Z}\_2\times\mathbb{Z}\_n$ for $n=2,4,6,8$. In his paper [Universal Bounds on The Torsion of ...
14
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80216
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80191
2
Start with a category $C$. Form a monoid $M$ whose elements are lists of morphisms in the category $C$ subject to commuting diagrams in $C$. Is there a name for this construction or a better way to categorially understand this?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/nan
The monoid of lists of morphisms in a category subject to commuting diagrams
Do you mean take the monoid with the following presentation? Take the arrows of C as generators and add the relations that f.g = fg if f and g are composable and that each identity of C be equivalent to 1? I would call this the universal monoid U(C) of C. It has the universal property that there is a functor $F:C\to U(...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79777
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I was thinking about infinite exponential representation of real numbers (like $2=e^{e^{-e^{-e^{e^{-e^{e^{e^{-e^{-e^{-e^{-e^{-e^{e^{-e^{e^{e^{-e^{e^{\cdot^{\cdot^{\cdot}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}$. The sequence of signs before exponents can be obtained by repeated application of $\ln|x|$ to $2$ and taking a sign of each resu...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/9550
Infinite exponential representation of real numbers
First, even though I think this is a fun question, it's not really research mathematics and I'm not sure it belongs on mathoverflow. (You know that some really smart people answer questions on math.stackexchange, right?) As was noted in Robert's answer, one is investigating the sequence $x\_{n+1} = | \log(x\_n)|$, whic...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80186
8
It is a fact that the symmetric groups have as many 2-Sylow subgroups as possible. More precisely, for all $n \geq 1$, the number of 2-Sylow subgroups in $S\_n$ is exactly $n!/2^{\nu\_2(n!)}$, which is the index of a 2-Sylow subgroup of $S\_n$. This follows from (or, depending on which direction you're coming from, pro...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19012
Many p,q-Sylow subgroups
The answer is **no**: see Corollary 1.3 in > > Robert M. Guralnick; Gunter Malle; Gabriel Navarro, *[Self-normalizing Sylow subgroups](http://www.ams.org/journals/proc/2004-132-04/S0002-9939-03-07161-2/home.html)*, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. **132** (2004), 973-979. > > >
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80227
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> > I'm looking for a specific construction, taking an abelian group (with designated element) $(G,+,1)$ to a commutative ring $(R,+,\cdot,1)$, where $G\subset R$ as a pointed abelian group, and which is universal in the following sense: for any commutative ring $(S,+,\cdot,1)$ and any map $f:G\rightarrow S$ preservi...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/15735
Constructing a ring from an abelian group in a minimal way
Given an abelian group $A$ with a fixed element $e\in A$, you can construct the universal map $f$ from $A$ to a (commutative or noncommutative, as you prefer) ring $R=R(A,e)$ such $f(e)$ is the unit element in $R$. Just take the symmetric algebra $S(A)$ (if you want a commutative ring) or the tensor algebra $T(A)$ (if ...
8
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80240
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80198
1
Let $M$ and $N$ be $R$-modules for some ring $R$. There is a standard result involving the computation of $\text{Ext}^n(M,N)$, using projective resolutions, which says that you can always choose a projective resolution such that the maps you get from the projective resolution to the extension are always surjective (thi...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19048
Can injective resolutions be 'enlarged' (or shrunk) to admit only injective maps from extensions?
I'm afraid the answer is NO! At least in the full generality in which the question is stated, there is pretty easy to disprove it. Let consider the standard injective resolution of the abelian group $\mathbf Z$: $$0\to{\mathbf Z}\to{\mathbf Q}\to\mathbf{Q}/{\mathbf Z}\to 0$$. Now if $$0\to{\mathbf Z}\to E^0\to E^1\...
2
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80228
15
What is known about compressing graphs? Here, with "compressing", I mean something like "putting a graph into a zip program"; or with a more technical expression, what is know about the Kolmogorov complexity of a graph? Does it make sense to define something in this line at all? I guess one needs a binary string, first...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/nan
Compressing Graphs (Kolmogorov complexity of graphs)
Li and Vitányi in their standard textbook on Kolmogorov complexity (3rd edition, p.456) observe > > Almost all strings have high complexity. Therefore, almost all tournaments and almost all undirected graphs have high complexity. > > > This is made more precise in Section 6.4. In particular, they show that the...
12
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80252
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80243
7
I'm a physical chemist and I am involved in “colloidal dice”. These are small, cube-like particles with a really nice, regular shape. These particles are not really cubic, but more rounded, much like a dice. I've got a neat way to quantify their size and "roundness" and I'm interested in their volume and surface area. ...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19063
Surface area of superellipsoid (dice)
You can't expect a closed formula for this surface area. The perimeter of an ellipse, much less the perimeter of a superellipse or the surface area of an ellipsoid or a superellipsoid, is already an integral that doesn't have a formula in the usual sense of an elementary formula. Instead, people did what they always do...
10
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/79841
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Let G be an undirected graph with the node set $V$ and the Laplacian matrix $L$. Let $N(v)$ denote the neighbors of a node $v$ and $|N(v)|$ its degree. Then a partition $\pi=(V\_1, V\_2, \ldots, V\_k)$ is almost equitable if it holds that $\forall i \ne j\in\{1,\ldots,k\}$ $\forall v, u\in V\_i$ $|N(v)\cap V\_j|=|N(u)\...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18968
Eigenvectors and partitions of graphs
**final thoughts** Let us start with a vector (or just specify the distinct entries) and then try to build a graph. With only 2 distinct entries the partition does need to be almost equitable. I think that it is easy to create high irregularity if some entries are 0. Here is an example cobbled up ad hoc (goals three di...
2
https://mathoverflow.net/users/8008
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80272
1
Here is a question which seems true to me but I can't rigorously show. Suppose $K$ is a compact subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that $\mathbb{R}^n\setminus K$ is connected, does it follow that for any connected open set $U\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ such that $U\supset K$, $U\setminus K$ is also connected?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19074
A question about connectedness in Euclidean space
Yes. Let $C$ be the closed complement of $U$, then by excision of $C$ we have $H\_1(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R} - K) = H\_1(U, U - K)$; since $H\_1(\mathbb{R})=0$, you also have in fact $H\_1(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R}-K)= H\_1(U, U-K)= 0$ when $\mathbb{R}-K$ is connected. So $H\_0(U-K)$ injects into $H\_0(U)$ and $U-K$ must...
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/37021
80277
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80280
11
Let $X$ be an abelian variety over an algebraically closed field $k$. Let $L$ be a line bundle on it equipped with an integrable connection $\nabla: L \rightarrow L \otimes \Omega^1\_{X/k}$. Does it then automatically folllow that $L$ is a bundle in $Pic^0(X)$? And how general can one make such a statement? I mea...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/18183
Line bundles with integrable connection on abelian varieties
Yes, it is true, though an algebraic proof seems (there may be a simpler proof however) somewhat tricky. * Such a line bundle lies in $\mathrm{Pic}^\tau(X)$. This is a general fact as a line bundle lies in $\mathrm{Pic}^\tau(X)$ if its rational Chern classes are trivial (this follows from Riemann-Roch) and the Chern ...
10
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80281
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80220
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In this topic, I will use the word *uncountable group* referring to groups whose cardinality is $\leq|\mathbb R|$. **Notation:** $R$ is the hyperfinite $II\_1$-factor, $\omega$ is a free ultrafilter on the natural numbers, $R^\omega$ is the tracial ultrapower, $\tau$ is the unique normalized trace on $R^\omega$, $U(R...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/13809
Connes' embedding conjecture for uncountable groups
The general situation, where CH fails, may be informed by the [Keisler-Shelah isomorphism theorem](https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/Keisler-Shelah_isomorphism_theorem), which asserts that two first-order structures have isomorphic ultrapowers if and only if they have the same first-order theory. In particular, for...
11
https://mathoverflow.net/users/1946
80283
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80286
14
Is there something resembling a characterization of which groups can map onto a non-abelian free group? Obviously they cannot have property T, and should have nontrivial abelianization, but are there some positive results?
https://mathoverflow.net/users/11142
Groups surjecting onto a free group
Such groups are often called 'very large'. A group with a very large subgroup of finite index is called 'large'. Here are some miscellaneous facts: * Baumslag and Pride showed that every group of deficiency two (ie with a presentation with two more generators than relators) is large. * One can deduce from Wise's resi...
13
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80287
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80289
0
Let $X$ and $Y$ be topological spaces. Assume $Y$ is [contractible](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contractible_space) (hence, path- connected). Let $f,g: X \to Y$ be continuous maps. At any fixed $x\in X$, there is a path $P\_x: [0,1]\to Y$ from $f(x)$ to $g(x)\in Y$ such that $P\_x(0)=f(x)$ and $P\_x(1)=g(x)$ We d...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/6770
Continuity of a homotopy-like function
This proof cannot work since then every two maps $X \to Y$, where $Y$ is path-connected, are homotopic - which is false. On the other hand, if $Y$ is contractible, then every map $X \to Y$ is homotopic to a constant map (since this true for the identity $X \to X$), thus every two maps $X \to Y$ are homotopic. Even if...
3
https://mathoverflow.net/users/2841
80290
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80288
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I have a surjective morphism $\pi: Y \to X$ between smooth projective varieties of the same dimension over some algebraically closed field $k$. Debarre claims in his book "Higher-Dimensional Algebraic Geometry" (1.41) that there is an effective divisor $R$ such that $$ K\_Y \equiv \pi^\* K\_X + R$$ if $K(X) \subset K(X...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/14385
Pullback of the canonical divisor between smooth varieties
**EDIT** Originally I claimed a more general statement and along the incremental generalizations I reached a statement that was not true. Thanks to Carlos for pointing out this error! So, I thought it would be fair to point out where the error lied. The main issue is that the original proof works for a finite morphism,...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/29090
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> > **Question.** Is there a direct construction of the integers which does not involve taking any quotients? > > > I am of course aware of the [usual construction](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer#Construction). I am also aware of the nice [axiomatic characterization](https://mathoverflow.net/questions/231...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/3993
Direct construction of the integers
Informally speaking, taking the limit of [two's complement](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%27s_complement) as the number of bits goes to $\infty$, the integers are just the eventually constant binary sequences (which are naturally represented by finite binary sequences). For this to work, said sequences must start w...
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https://mathoverflow.net/questions/80321
6
More precisely, if $\mathcal F\_i$ is a system of sheaves, is it the case that $$ (\lim \mathcal F\_i)\_p = \lim ((\mathcal F\_i)\_p) $$ and similarly for colimits? I can see how to get a map $$ (\lim \mathcal F\_i)\_p \rightarrow \lim ((\mathcal F\_i)\_p) $$ by taking the stalks in the diagram for $\lim \mathcal F\...
https://mathoverflow.net/users/19088
Is the stalk of the (co)limit of sheaves equal to the (co)limit of the stalks?
Let $F$ be a sheaf on $X$ and $p \in X$. Then $F\_p$ is just the pullback $i^{-1} F$, where $i : \{p\} \to X$ is the inclusion of a point. Now $i^{-1}$ is left adjoint to $i\_\*$, thus cocontinuous, i.e. preserves all colimits. This shows that the canonical morphism $\mathrm{colim}\_i(F\_p) \to \mathrm{colim}\_i(F)\_p$...
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