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CTA official news can be read here for general overview of the case.
Actual CTA case review can be found here for reference should you wish to file a complaint.
If you have a similar case that's with SWISS, you need to file with CTA to get a result through informal process first before it gets to formal process. The entire procedure can take up to 3 months for each and the result may not be same cause it's case-by-base and the reviewer of the case can be different.
To file an informal complaint with CTA, see here. Click through all of the pages to get to the online form for the informal complaint. Or click here.
To file a formal complaint after informal complaint has been closed, see here. Continue on to the next page to see the address or email address for the formal complaint.
Feel free to add dates, flights, etc., in order to plan DOs, etc.
Feel free to add any additional cities you're leaving from!
If possible, get something in writing. Not sure if you can tape conversations in AUH and use them in court in the USA, but food for thought.
If you have not already, file a DOT complaint ASAP. Your arguments are valid and logical and EY is apparently hoping they can exhaust people and get away with changing fare rules.
I was planning on using the email which I received from Etihad that explicitly stated that no changes are involved unless difference in fare is paid. In fact, the call center agent also mentioned that I should have received communication that no changes are allowed, so it has to be recorded in the PNR somewhere.
I will file a DOT complaint as soon as I arrive in the US, assuming the CDG-DFW flight doesn't screw up. Not sure if AA can check me in if my flight coupon is marked "NOGO".
Any guesses from our lawyers out there how long this can continue to go on for? is there ever a time when a court can say enough is enough, go away!
which court is the highest they can appeal to? if they get denied by them can they appeal an appeal decision. I'm pretty sure once the US Supreme Court rules you can't appeal it or am I mistaken. Not sure if it's the same deal in Canada.
1) I am not a lawyer.
2) I do not have a Swiss fare so I am not part of the legal action.
3) I have a deep personal interest in how Canada works the way it does. So over the years I've tried to learn more about the governance of the nation. I don't consider myself an expert on this any more than I consider myself an expert on methods to accrue miles. I simply know more about this stuff than an average person does.
4) I have some friends who did purchase the fare. One of them emailed me last night to get my opinion on the pdf letter from Davis. He then suggested I post here to add to the general discussion.
So that said ... A Stay is basically a pause in legal proceedings. So Davis (a large Canadian law firm) is apparently now acting on behalf of Swiss. They are asking for a pause in the legal proceedings.
Section 1(A) just regurgitates why a Stay is permissible.
Sections 1(B) and (C) are clear. It’s very worth noting though that the Federal Court of Appeal has denied Swiss leave to appeal. More on that later.
Section 1(D) is interesting. To understand the role of Governor-in-Council, you need to understand the governance of Canada and specifically some provisions of the Constitution Act and related Acts that came before.
Canada is a constitutional monarchy. So the Crown (Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II) is the head of state. (This is an important distinction from say, the American way where the President is head of state. Here, our Prime Minister is merely head of government, but he technically reports to Her Majesty who is head of state.) At the pleasure of Her Majesty, a government may be formed. The Governor General of Canada (David Johnston) is the Crown’s direct representative in Canada and is tasked with the day-to-day job of running the country and making sure that only important stuff is filtered up to Her Majesty. Direction / wisdom on certain issues will be sought from the Crown as required.
In order to help decide which issues are important (and need Crown input), the GG appoints (for life!) learned persons to the Privy Council. In theory, a member of the Privy Council - specifically one who commands the confidence of the House of Commons - is selected to be the Prime Minister. The PM then requests the GG to appoint select individuals to a special sub-committee of the Privy Council. This special sub-committee is known as Cabinet. Cabinet Ministers are Members of Parliament who carry special duties (& privileges) such as being the head of Foreign Affairs, or Finance Minister etc. In theory, the Crown and the GG will only take direction from this particular group. So Cabinet is also technically known as the Queen-in-Council or more commonly the Governor-in-Council.
The “in-Council” bit is important because this is where an Order-in-Council comes from. Laws in Canada are created first from Bills which need to move through debate in Parliament (various readings in the House) then to the Senate for “sober second thought” then finally to the Crown for Royal Assent. The Crown however, retains ultimate power in Canada. So the Crown can simply pass an Order-in-Council and something can come into being (from a judicial / legislative perspective) without having to go through the long route of passing something into law. Theoretically the Governor-in-Council will draft an Order-in-Council in front of the Crown, then read it out loud. The Queen will simply say “Approved” and the Order comes into immediate effect.
So an Order-in-Council is basically a quick & dirty way of bringing something into effect without having to rewrite laws. For example, the various prostitution laws were recently found un-Constitutional (i.e. illegal) by the Supreme Court. The Government could have sought an Order-in-Council that would essentially still leave prostitution illegal, while keeping an illegal law still embedded in the Criminal Code. Technically possible, but clearly not the best course of action.
So what’s happened in this case is that Swiss has petitioned the Governor-in-Council, to pretty please draft an Order-in-Council that will essentially let Swiss break the law, without actually having to re-write the laws of Canada.
Now, presumably the Federal Court has heard arguments from Swiss and from peeps like you. The Federal Court presumably told Swiss thanks for coming out, now go away and have a nice life.
Swiss applied for leave (permission) to appeal that decision. As Section 1(C) notes, the Federal Court of Appeal told Swiss thanks for coming out, now go away and have a nice life.
So that’s it. There are no more court arguments for Swiss and they are obligated to uphold whatever decision was initially made by the Federal Court. But, there is the possibility that they could get an Order-in-Council. Which is clearly what they’re hoping to do.
But an Order-in-Council is something to be used sparingly. It's a very special device which really should not be used at will.
An interesting wrinkle here is that there is no timeline associated with requesting an Order-in-Council. Typically it’s something so important and of national significance that it needs to be dealt with fairly quickly. Canadian passports for example are only made available to Canadian citizens. But when the US hostages were taken in Iran, then Prime Minister Joe Clark did a behind the scenes Order-in-Council that permitted issuing Canadian passports to those US citizens who Ambassador Ken Taylor got out with help from the CIA.
Clearly, the Swiss thing is not in the same league as rescuing hostages. So what may happen is that the Governor-in-Council may sit on this and do absolutely nothing. And then Parliament will be dissolved, an election called and a new Cabinet selected and sworn in. At which point in time I suspect Swiss will make another petition to the new Governor-in-Council.
From the perspective of Swiss, this would make sense because it would allow them infinite delays. I would, in a way, be surprised if the Governor-in-Council responds to the Swiss request because the matter is so trivial. If they respond, they set the precedent that any entity can seek an Order-in-Council. This is already true (anyone can seek an Order), but it’s a gross abuse of the executive function of Cabinet by trying to bog them down in such an inconsequential matter. The Swiss application deserves to be ignored by the Governor-in-Council.
But that’s the way of large corporations. Theoretically what this might do is clarify when an Order can be sought, but it’s awful hard to write something like that into law plus it probably requires an amendment to the Constitution which just ain’t gonna happen.
Practically what will most likely happen - eventually the CTA will stop granting Stays, at which point Swiss will accuse the CTA of not obeying their own rules (“pending the disposition of a petition to the Governor in Council”) and some weird legal stuff will happen and eventually Swiss will be forced to honour the fares. By this time though, many people will have moved, died or just plain forgotten about the fare.
Hope this helps. If anyone out there is truly an expert, please feel free to correct any mistakes I may have made!
Wow. Awesome analysis. Thanks for the write up!
Hoping CTA will finally say "no more stays"
I assume that the 80 names are a total of all who have filed? I was part of the group who received LET-C-A-3-2014 dated January 22, 2014. I have received nothing today.
You're on the list of 80 people attached to yesterday's letter.
Thanks a lot for the insights, truly appreciate it.
Question: what's the repercussion if CTA finally decides not to grant Stays? I know LX will make a big noise about it, but other than that, what will happen next?
So in essence, because an order-in-council is so special and rarely used, LX can attempt to drag this out for the next 50 years?
So much great information for us politico buffs! Thanks!
I missed that you had that letter.
I'm honestly surprised no one else received the same unsolicited email. Makes me wonder if sending it out 36h before my departure was by design and not coincidence.
That was fascinating, RCyyz. Thank you for writing so clearly and bringing a much better understanding to the proceedings.
Reading stuff like this makes getting up in the morning worth it (and yes, I have a full time job, which means that yes, I am saying that getting up for a full-time job is NOT worth it).
Thank you for writing this. This is a VERY intriguing perspective.
I can see LX and council hoping that it can drag on forever.
I would love to hear an answer to this question, because this morning the Agency denied Swiss' motion to stay 416/417, and ordered Swiss to compensate me by March 17 and fly the rest of the 7 over the next year! Not sure as of yet how this applies to other merged complaints. Tariff Rule 5F is also finally disallowed as of February 21st.
c/o Heather L. Treacy, Q.C.
paragraph 28 of Decision No. 417-C-A-2013.
and (3) the balance of convenience must favour Swiss.
paragraph 28 of Decision No. 417-C-A-2013?
“Irreparable” refers to the nature of the harm suffered rather than its magnitude.
cured, usually because one party cannot collect damages from the other.
party....” Swiss has not provided any argument in regards to the balance of inconvenience.
an erroneous fare, including compensation for expenses incurred due to ticket cancellation.
later than February 16, 2015.
If you have any questions regarding the foregoing, you may Contact [redacted][/email].
Dunno. I'm not a lawyer! But the CTA is a Crown agency that operates under the auspices of the Governor-in-Council. So essentially, the CTA is a representative of Her Majesty the Queen. LX can make whatever noise they want but ultimately Her Majesty outranks them, at least in a Canadian judicial / legislative perspective.
Basically if Her Majesty chooses to ignore her own rules, there's nothing anyone can do about it other than stage a coup and cut off her head. I somehow doubt LX will succeed at that!
So if CTA does not grant a stay, I think LX will simply have to uphold whatever decision was made at the Federal Court.
Actually Council would not want to drag this out. As I said, the Swiss application for an Order-in-Council is a gross abuse of the executive function of Cabinet. Personally as a Canadian, I am enormously insulted that Swiss - a foreign entity - would deign to attempt something like this. While what they are doing is legal, it's certainly of questionable moral integrity and as I said, an abuse of the system.
So the Governor-in-Council most likely wants nothing at all to do with this. They probably wish LX would just go away. Behind the scenes, the Minister of Transport may in fact be directing the head of the CTA to figure out how to not grant a Stay. That's certainly what I would do if I was Minister of Transport!
Anyhow, glad my comments seem to have helped a bit!
It was really cold this morning when I left at 7:20 on my own. Even with a cardigan on I stood shivering until the bus came.
Now it is 17:20, the class has finished, and I am watching the tram arrive.
In the evening I will walk to Prisma to buy some milk and a cucumberm while listening to Lucinda Williams.
Helen’s post last week talked about which sounds your child should be saying and when. If you haven’t seen that post you can read it here. So today, I am going to talk about what we actually do to help a child make and use those sounds.
Before I start, please remember if you are concerned about your child’s speech you need to get a referral to a qualified speech therapist for assessment. We have not assessed your child and can not give specific advice. These posts are here to help guide you and explain what your speech therapist will do.
When a child is finding a certain sound or a number of sounds tricky, we have to teach them how to say the sounds correctly. That doesn’t sound too hard?…. Well it is a massive job and it continues to amaze me that children can do it relatively easily. Can you imagine if someone asked you to make a ‘t’ sound in every word when you normally use a ‘k’? This is a big job that involves relearning lots of the words you already know. For children, it also has to involve lots of fun and praise (and pop-up-pirate/ bubbles/stickers etc) as we need them to do a lot of practise and repetition!
Now you may find that your therapist is using a specific programme or approach to help you child. This will be decided by their assessment. You may hear words like the Cycles approach or the Nuffield Dyspraxia Programme for example. These are set programmes that a therapist can use to help the child depending on the errors they are making. However, there are fundamentals to the way we teach sounds and words that apply whatever errors or difficulties your child is having.
Can they make the sound on it’s own?
The first thing we need to check is whether your child can make the target sound on its own. Can they get their lips, tongue and jaw in the right place and make the noise? If they can, great, we can move onto the next step. However if they can’t, it’s the therapist’s job to teach them how to make the sound. This can involve telling and showing them how, looking in mirrors and possibly giving them physical prompts such as gently touching their chin. We also use verbal cues such as ‘remember to tuck that lip in’ for a ‘f’ or ‘it’s right at the back’ for a ‘k’. I also point to give a visual cue as well. Some sounds come quickly; others take more practise and time.
Can they use the sound in short words?
Now, just because your child can make the sound on its own, it doesn’t mean they will be able to use it in a long word straight away. For example, if you have just managed to get the ‘c/k’ sound, it doesn’t mean that your child will be able to say caterpillar!
Therapists talk about CV and VC words. This means Consonant Vowel, which is words such as car and tea, or Vowel Consonant which is words such as ice and up. You have to forget about how the word is spelt and think about the sounds you can hear to work some of these out. So with the word car, ‘c’ is the consonant sound and ‘ar’ is the vowel sound – even though we spell it with a consonant and a vowel!
Some children will need practise saying the 2 sounds separately and then try and blend them together into a word. A few children will need many sessions of practise at this before the words come. However other children may pick this up very quickly in the first session. It depends on the nature and type of their difficulties. From here you would move on to CVC or Consonant Vowel Consonant words such as cat and duck.
You may find that your therapist gives you words to practise with the target sound at the beginning of the word and sometimes at the end of words. This will depend on your child’s errors and how quickly they pick up the sounds and words. Always check exactly what you should be practising and how much. Are you just practising the sound on its own or are you using it in words? Are you using the sound at the beginning of words or at the ends or both?
Can they use the sound in short phrases?
Once your child can quickly and correctly use the target sound at a word level, you move onto a 2 word level. This mean that you use another word in normally in front of the target word – so instead of just a ‘fish’, you have an ‘orange fish’ or a ‘little fish’. We aren’t worrying about the sounds in the other word, just listen for the correct production of the target sound. We do this as it gives the brain less planning time to get ready for the target sound and as such helps it become more natural.
Can they use the sound at sentence level?
Again, once your child can use the sound at a 2 word level, you can then extend this onto sentences – for example, ‘I saw a fish’ or ‘I bought a fish’. It is normally at around this stage that you will start hearing the sound used sometimes in their spontaneous speech, meaning when they are chatting, not in a task concentrating on their speech. If you need more ideas about how to help speech sound generalise you can read our post here.
Keep practise fun! It may look like we are playing pop-up-pirate or buckaroo all day, but what we are doing is making boring drill like work fun. Find something that motivates your child and then work in a few sounds or words. If you need ideas of games to play you can look here and here.
Praise. This is very important. Praise your child for trying hard to make or use their sounds. Then praise them again when they use a sounds correctly without being asked.
Little and often is normally best. No child can keep practising a tricky skill for hours. 10-20 minutes good hard work is great and then keep revisiting and practising.
If you’re not sure exactly what or how you sound be practising, ask your therapist. The practise you do at home is really important, so make sure you understand any homework you get.
If you want more information about how to work on each of these therapy stages with activities, tips and tricks to help you every step of the way, check out our online course.
I think it would be really difficult to help as a speech pathologist. It would be really interesting because you have to learn how to help them make the noise that you want them to make. It is easy for us to make the noise but try helping someone that can’t hear their own voice. It would be something you work on all the time and make sure that they better their speech.
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