decade
int64
-6,600
1.5k
society_seshat_id
stringclasses
71 values
sdcyclephase
int64
1
5
paleotemp_last_interpolated
float64
-0.52
0.72
relative_growth_rate
float64
-4.18
2.58
chronos_events_description
stringlengths
20
440
topics
stringlengths
17
50
zpaleotemp
float64
-2.09
2.73
zrgr
float64
-3.51
2.97
return_on_paleotemp
float64
-3.22
3.42
return_on_growth_rate
float64
-3.01
3.52
return
float64
-1.67
1.98
portfolio_return
float64
-0.62
0.68
portfolio_risk
float64
0
1.12
portfolio_VaR95
float64
-1.5
0.59
prompt
stringlengths
193
613
hpr
stringclasses
2 values
250
cn_eastern_jin_dyn
1
-0.23
-1.02
"technology advanced significantly during this period. Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang invented an early form of the wheelbarrow. A Wei engineer invented square-pallet chain pumps for irrigation of gardens in Luoyang and the automatic south-pointing chariot a non-magnetic directional compass operated by differential gears....
TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION ENGINEERING
-0.963597
-0.479349
0
1.553382
0.776691
0.028766
0.359286
-0.41903
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "technology advanced significantly during this period. Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang invented an early form of the wheelbarrow. A Wei engineer invente...
rise
310
cn_eastern_jin_dyn
4
-0.23
-2.14
"the famine that had already overtaken Luoyang. Emperor Huai of Jin tried to institute reforms that he felt would allow the empire to recover but his prime minister Sima Yue stopped the emperor s intents. In 311 Luoyang was defenseless general Han Zhao attacked Emperor Huai was captured and executed in 313 under the ...
FAMINE WAR COLLAPSE
-0.963597
-1.553292
0
-0.613682
-0.306841
0.028766
0.359286
-0.41903
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "the famine that had already overtaken Luoyang. Emperor Huai of Jin tried to institute reforms that he felt would allow the empire to recover but h...
decline
350
cn_eastern_jin_dyn
4
-0.23
-0.83
"under Emperor Mu of Jin s reign (344-361) the Jin territory temporarily expanded to its greatest extent since the fall of northern China to Han Zhao. Zhao s collapse allowed Jin to regain most of the territory south of the Yellow River."
EXPANSION COLLAPSE RECOVERY
-0.963597
-0.297162
0
0.891756
0.445878
0.028766
0.359286
-0.41903
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "under Emperor Mu of Jin s reign (344-361) the Jin territory temporarily expanded to its greatest extent since the fall of northern China to Han Zh...
decline
380
cn_northern_wei_dyn
1
-0.23
-0.74
"There are the reign of Liu Song (south) and 16 tribes in north China among those the Xianbei (inner Mongolia) Rouran (Mongolia) Tuyuhun (West China) Hu Xia (North China) and others. Wei dynasty is founded by the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei. The Tuoba language was close to Turkish and the non-Han Chinese rulers were...
INVASION POLITICS ETHNICITY
-0.963597
-0.210863
null
null
null
-0.052525
0.108048
-0.211042
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "There are the reign of Liu Song (south) and 16 tribes in north China among those the Xianbei (inner Mongolia) Rouran (Mongolia) Tuyuhun (West C...
rise
390
cn_northern_wei_dyn
1
-0.23
-0.64
"In 391 Tuoba Gui of Xianbei defeated the Rouran tribes and killed their chief Heduohan forcing them to flee west. Tuoba Gui claimed the title of Emperor Daowu of Northern Wei. Emperor Xiaowu of Han he was killed by his concubine Honoured Lady Zhang after he insulted her. his sons were controlled by regents and wa...
WAR MIGRATION POWER
-0.963597
-0.114975
0
0.095888
0.047944
-0.052525
0.108048
-0.211042
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "In 391 Tuoba Gui of Xianbei defeated the Rouran tribes and killed their chief Heduohan forcing them to flee west. Tuoba Gui claimed the title o...
rise
260
it_roman_principate
4
-0.23
-1.54
"Emperor Gallienus (260-268) deafeats Germanic tribes in Mediolanum. Usurper Postumius declares himself Emperor of the Gallic Empire. he defeats Gallienus. Roman Emperor Claudius Gothicus defeated the Goths at the Battle of Naissus but died of pestilence possibly the Plague of Cyprian that had ravaged the provinces of ...
WAR DISASTER EMPIRE
-0.963597
-0.977965
-0.62128
-0.086299
-0.35379
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Gallienus (260-268) deafeats Germanic tribes in Mediolanum. Usurper Postumius declares himself Emperor of the Gallic Empire. he defeats Ga...
decline
200
it_roman_principate
1
-0.23
-2.8
"ideology is to preserve wealth and peace. elite patricians and populace plebei. Army as social lift. Free urban workers had many hours of leisure each day for baths and gladiatorial games. Peace cost rises: all families had slaves. Emperor Severus (r. 193 - 211) waged successful wars against the Parthian Empire and Ma...
WAR SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION RELIGION
-0.963597
-2.186151
-0.62128
-0.383551
-0.502416
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "ideology is to preserve wealth and peace. elite patricians and populace plebei. Army as social lift. Free urban workers had many hours of leisure ...
rise
250
it_roman_principate
4
-0.23
-1.61
"crisis of the third century: In order to legitimize and secure their rule the emperors of the mid third century (Maximinus Balbinus Gordian Philip Decius Trebonianus Valerian) needed above all military successes. the capital is moved with the emperors. many emperors were assassinated. The Goths under King Cniv...
WAR POLITICS INSTABILITY
-0.963597
-1.045087
-0.62128
0.163009
-0.229135
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "crisis of the third century: In order to legitimize and secure their rule the emperors of the mid third century (Maximinus Balbinus Gordian P...
decline
240
it_roman_principate
4
-0.23
-1.69
"onset of the Crisis of the Third Century. the vast internal trade and supply network broke down. The widespread civil unrest made it no longer safe for merchants to travel as they once had"
WAR DISASTER COLLAPSE
-0.963597
-1.121797
-0.62128
-0.565738
-0.593509
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "onset of the Crisis of the Third Century. the vast internal trade and supply network broke down. The widespread civil unrest made it no longer saf...
decline
280
it_roman_principate
5
-0.23
-1.45
"The crisis ended with Emperor Diocletian (r. 284 -305) who reformed the Roman government in autocratic way creating the consistorum (assembly of ministries). This destroyed the cooperation between emperor army and senate but helped to stabilize the Empire economically and militarily for a further 150 years. "
REFORM STABILITY GOVERNANCE
-0.963597
-0.891666
-0.62128
0.738336
0.058528
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The crisis ended with Emperor Diocletian (r. 284 -305) who reformed the Roman government in autocratic way creating the consistorum (assembly of m...
decline
210
it_roman_principate
1
-0.23
-2.06
"domestic instability and Germanic attacks. Emperor Caracalla (198 - 217) granted Roman citizenship to all free men of the Empire. In 216 he waged war against Parthia but was killed by disaffected soldiers. Emperor Macrinus (217 - 218) made peace and fiscal reforms but soldiers killed him. Julia Maesa installed Elagaba...
WAR INSTABILITY POLITICS
-0.963597
-1.476582
-0.62128
-0.431495
-0.526388
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "domestic instability and Germanic attacks. Emperor Caracalla (198 - 217) granted Roman citizenship to all free men of the Empire. In 216 he waged ...
rise
230
it_roman_principate
3
-0.23
-2.87
"Emperor Alexander raised taxes to wage war against Sassanid empire but lost. He then used diplomacy and bribery to solve the conflict with Germanic tribes. This alienated many in the Roman army that eventually killed him."
WAR DIPLOMACY REBELLION
-0.963597
-2.253273
-0.62128
-1.361606
-0.991443
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Alexander raised taxes to wage war against Sassanid empire but lost. He then used diplomacy and bribery to solve the conflict with Germani...
decline
270
it_roman_principate
4
-0.23
-1.54
"Aurelian (AD 270–275) reunited the empire militarily with the reconquest of the usurped Gallic and Palmyrene empires. After him there is instability with the 5 late Emperors (Tacitus Florianus Probus Carus Carinus) that fought german peoples and tried to repopulate northern provinces and control economy."
WAR INSTABILITY REPOPULATION
-0.963597
-0.977965
-0.62128
-0.038355
-0.329818
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Aurelian (AD 270–275) reunited the empire militarily with the reconquest of the usurped Gallic and Palmyrene empires. After him there is instabili...
decline
220
it_roman_principate
2
-0.23
-2.51
"Emperor Alexander (222-235) s peacetime reign was prosperous. "
PROSPERITY REIGN PEACE
-0.963597
-1.908077
-0.62128
0.019178
-0.301051
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Alexander (222-235) s peacetime reign was prosperous. "
rise
380
tr_roman_dominate
4
-0.23
-1.08
"Emperor Theodosius (r. 379 - 395) is the last ruler of both parts of the Roman empire. Civil war in the west: Maximus (r. 383 - 388) kills Gratian and attack Theodosius that beats Maximus with help of general Arbogast of frankish origins. Visigoths negotiates a peace treaty with emperor Theodosius."
WAR POLITICS DIPLOMACY
-0.963597
-0.536881
0.19415
0.095888
0.145019
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Theodosius (r. 379 - 395) is the last ruler of both parts of the Roman empire. Civil war in the west: Maximus (r. 383 - 388) kills Gratian...
decline
370
tr_roman_dominate
4
-0.23
-0.95
"first invasions from German Migrations. Emperor Valentian (r. 364 - 375) defeats the German Quadi and Alamanni and divides the army command for east and west roman empire. Valens (r. 367 - 378) to the East and Gratian (r. 367 - 383) to the West. Huns conquer east europe (Polonia and Romania)."
MIGRATION WAR CONQUEST
-0.963597
-0.412227
0.19415
0.421906
0.308028
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "first invasions from German Migrations. Emperor Valentian (r. 364 - 375) defeats the German Quadi and Alamanni and divides the army command for ea...
decline
340
tr_roman_dominate
3
-0.23
-1.22
"under Emperor Constantius (r. 337 - 361) there was constant warfare on the borders against the Sasanian Empire"
WAR EMPIRE CONFLICT
-0.963597
-0.671124
0.19415
0.163009
0.17858
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "under Emperor Constantius (r. 337 - 361) there was constant warfare on the borders against the Sasanian Empire"
decline
360
tr_roman_dominate
4
-0.23
-0.86
"Emperor Julian (r. 360 -363) promoted platonism against cristianity. He tried to defeat the Sassanids but failed and was killed. possible financial distress for the empire."
WAR RELIGION FAILURE
-0.963597
-0.325928
0.19415
0.604093
0.399122
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Julian (r. 360 -363) promoted platonism against cristianity. He tried to defeat the Sassanids but failed and was killed. possible financia...
decline
320
tr_roman_dominate
2
-0.23
-2.11
"Emperor Constantine wins the civil war and reforms the state (Christian religion and separation of civil and military authorities) and the economy (solidus as new gold coin). He also expels the Germanic Goths from the Danube frontier and repairs Trajan s Bridge. He leads an expedition into the old province Dacia (Roma...
WAR REFORM EXPANSION
-0.963597
-1.524526
0.19415
-0.613682
-0.209766
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Constantine wins the civil war and reforms the state (Christian religion and separation of civil and military authorities) and the economy...
rise
330
tr_roman_dominate
2
-0.23
-1.68
"Emperor Constantine vigorously promotes Christianity. possible mass conversion to Christianity and repopulation of small communities. border skirmishing between Roman and Persian Empires with no real winner "
RELIGION CONFLICT POPULATION
-0.963597
-1.112208
0.19415
-0.191776
0.001187
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Constantine vigorously promotes Christianity. possible mass conversion to Christianity and repopulation of small communities. border skirm...
rise
300
tr_roman_dominate
1
-0.23
-2
"Emperor Diocletian issues a reform that revalues the Roman currency. The Senate has lost all its power and the landowners almost never attend Senate sessions. Troops that declare the new emperors is a practice at this time."
REFORM POWER INSTABILITY
-0.963597
-1.419049
0.19415
-0.335607
-0.070729
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Diocletian issues a reform that revalues the Roman currency. The Senate has lost all its power and the landowners almost never attend Sena...
rise
390
tr_roman_dominate
5
-0.23
-1.22
"Emperor Theodosius recognized Christianity as the Roman state religion. All other religions are banned and the eternal flame of Vesta is extinguished in 391. Theodosius died of illness in 395. His successors were already emperors of east (Arcadius) and west (Honorius) so the empire is de fact divided and loses the ind...
RELIGION DECLINE POLITICS
-0.963597
-0.671124
0.19415
-0.278075
-0.041962
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Theodosius recognized Christianity as the Roman state religion. All other religions are banned and the eternal flame of Vesta is extinguis...
decline
290
tr_roman_dominate
1
-0.23
-1.63
"elite are rich landowners warriors and population farmers. army and burocracy are the social lift. ideology is to keep control also with autocracy and restore social unity. Diocletian greatly increased the number of bureaucrats for the government and prosecuted Christians to restore Roman culture. War and then peace w...
WAR CONTROL RESTORATION
-0.963597
-1.064264
-0.62128
0.556149
-0.032565
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "elite are rich landowners warriors and population farmers. army and burocracy are the social lift. ideology is to keep control also with autocracy...
rise
350
tr_roman_dominate
4
-0.23
-0.93
"internally the Roman Empire went through repeated civil wars and usurpations. In AD 356 the Germaic Alemanni attacked Gallia in Augustodonum (Autun) then saved by the arrival of the Emperor Julian in one of his early military successes."
WAR COLLAPSE CONFLICT
-0.963597
-0.39305
0.19415
0.479439
0.336794
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "internally the Roman Empire went through repeated civil wars and usurpations. In AD 356 the Germaic Alemanni attacked Gallia in Augustodonum (Autu...
decline
310
tr_roman_dominate
1
-0.23
-2.24
"civil wars for power between Constantine and Maxentius and Licinius. Emperor Constantine (r. 306 -337) converts to Christianity in 312 AD and takes the power."
WAR POWER RELIGION
-0.963597
-1.64918
0.19415
-0.882168
-0.344009
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "civil wars for power between Constantine and Maxentius and Licinius. Emperor Constantine (r. 306 -337) converts to Christianity in 312 AD and take...
rise
200
pe_cuzco_2
1
-0.21
-2.68
"Lima culture intermediate horizon: Evidence of the expansion of Lima culture in ceramics and textiles can be found in surrounding valleys. Textiles were considered a symbol of status and wealth. the images and signs woven into cloths or embroidered and painted on fabrics served as a pictorial language to communicate t...
EXPANSION WEALTH COMMUNICATION
-0.885937
-2.071086
null
null
null
0.679239
0.122292
0.588612
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Lima culture intermediate horizon: Evidence of the expansion of Lima culture in ceramics and textiles can be found in surrounding valleys. Textile...
rise
270
pe_cuzco_2
4
-0.21
-1.35
"Small mortars; snuff spoons and wooden tray artifacts indicate that drug usage was particularly developed in the Lima culture. Coca leaves were chewed to alleviate hypoxia and altitude sickness and to help ease hunger in times of food scarcity. Hallucinogenic drugs found in certain cactuses were likely used in religio...
ADAPTATION RELIGION SCARCITY
-0.885937
-0.795778
0
1.275307
0.637654
0.679239
0.122292
0.588612
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Small mortars; snuff spoons and wooden tray artifacts indicate that drug usage was particularly developed in the Lima culture. Coca leaves were ch...
decline
-1,580
cn_erligang
2
-0.2
0.28
"Yanshi (in Henan) was founded by Erligang as a large walled city controlled by Shang kings dating from about 1600 BC. The early Shang kings moved their capital several times because of natural disasters. The material culture is referred to as both Erligang and early Shang."
DISASTER GOVERNANCE CIVILIZATION
-0.847107
0.767192
0
0.028766
0.014383
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Yanshi (in Henan) was founded by Erligang as a large walled city controlled by Shang kings dating from about 1600 BC. The early Shang kings moved ...
rise
-1,570
cn_erligang
2
-0.2
0.3
"The ritual feasting of the Yanshi elites was practiced in an enclosed and private space of the walled temple. The secluded nature of the event increases the sense of mystery and importance for people not in attendance (Trigger 2003 p. 509). Probably the result of divination and sacrifices were orders for agriculture...
RITUAL AGRICULTURE ELITES
-0.847107
0.78637
0
0.019178
0.009589
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The ritual feasting of the Yanshi elites was practiced in an enclosed and private space of the walled temple. The secluded nature of the event inc...
rise
-1,600
cn_erligang
1
-0.2
0.25
"Erligang phase II: the ceramics show the influences of multiple traditions. Bronze artifacts increase in type and quantity as well as in thickness. Some of the palace-temple structures and city walls were constructed in this phase. The elite (royalty priests and aristocracy) lived in walled palaces population lived ...
EXPANSION ELITE INFRASTRUCTURE
-0.847107
0.738426
null
null
null
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Erligang phase II: the ceramics show the influences of multiple traditions. Bronze artifacts increase in type and quantity as well as in thicknes...
rise
-1,520
cn_erligang
5
-0.2
0.41
"According to the Records of the Grand Historian In the 7th year of his reign a mulberry tree (桑) and millet (穀) were found growing together. Tai Wu listened to his intelligent ministers and worked diligently. This possibly indicate a problem for agriculture solved with labor and reforms."
AGRICULTURE GOVERNANCE ENVIRONMENT
-0.847107
0.891846
0
0.028766
0.014383
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "According to the Records of the Grand Historian In the 7th year of his reign a mulberry tree (桑) and millet (穀) were found growing together. Tai ...
decline
-1,530
cn_erligang
4
-0.2
0.38
"king Tai Wu (9th of Shang dynasty) was enthroned with Bo as his capital. He appointed 2 higher councellors. "
POLITICS GOVERNANCE SUCCESSION
-0.847107
0.86308
0
0.07671
0.038355
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Tai Wu (9th of Shang dynasty) was enthroned with Bo as his capital. He appointed 2 higher councellors. "
decline
-1,510
cn_erligang
1
-0.2
0.46
"Erligang phase III : Zhengzhou’s apogee. Bronzes from this period increase in both numbers and type and the foundry at Zijingshan North went into production. The foundry site at Nanguangwai continued to produce as well meaning that in phase III Zhengzhou had at least two major bronze workshops in simultaneous opera...
TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION CIVILIZATION
-0.847107
0.93979
0
0.047944
0.023972
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Erligang phase III : Zhengzhou’s apogee. Bronzes from this period increase in both numbers and type and the foundry at Zijingshan North went into...
rise
-1,510
fr_atlantic_complex
5
-0.2
-0.79
"end of the exploitation of Mount Gabriel (Cork) copper mines ca 1500 BC"
RESOURCE COLLAPSE TECHNOLOGY
-0.847107
-0.258807
0
-0.191776
-0.095888
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "end of the exploitation of Mount Gabriel (Cork) copper mines ca 1500 BC"
decline
-1,600
fr_atlantic_complex
1
-0.2
-0.59
"begin of the late Armorican Tumulus culture phase in the Middle Bronze Age (around 1600-1350 BCE ). begin of exploitation of Welsh copper. Mines at Great Orme near Llandudno was active c.1600–1400 BC"
EXPLOITATION TECHNOLOGY ECONOMY
-0.847107
-0.067031
-0.81543
-0.508205
-0.661818
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "begin of the late Armorican Tumulus culture phase in the Middle Bronze Age (around 1600-1350 BCE ). begin of exploitation of Welsh copper. Mines a...
rise
1,500
cn_ming_dyn
1
-0.19
-0.1
"slowdown in agriculture due to the Little Ice Age (1458–1552) combined with changes in Japanese and Spanish policy quickly cut off the supply of silver necessary for farmers to be able to pay their taxes."
AGRICULTURE POLICY DISASTER
-0.808277
0.402819
-0.66011
0
-0.330055
-0.10842
0.191956
-0.29705
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "slowdown in agriculture due to the Little Ice Age (1458–1552) combined with changes in Japanese and Spanish policy quickly cut off the supply of s...
rise
1,500
fr_valois_k_2
2
-0.19
-1.09
"reign of Louis XII (1498-1515 CE). marriage with Anne of Brittany (annexed) and invasion of the spanish kingdom of Naples. Treaty of Lyon. Louis XII of France ceded the entire territory of Naples and Sicily to Ferdinand II of Aragon while Ferdinand acknowledged Louis XII ownership of Milan. "
WAR EXPANSION DIPLOMACY
-0.808277
-0.54647
-0.66011
-0.009589
-0.334849
-0.334849
null
-0.334849
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "reign of Louis XII (1498-1515 CE). marriage with Anne of Brittany (annexed) and invasion of the spanish kingdom of Naples. Treaty of Lyon. Louis X...
rise
1,500
pg_orokaiva_pre_colonial
2
-0.16
-1.48
"The Orokaiva (umbrella term for different indigenous communities) were primarily subsistence farmers in the period under consideration (1734-1883 CE). The Orokaiva lacked central authority and hereditary leadership. The closest thing they had to leaders were big men. [Christopher S. Latham and John Beierle. 2004. Cult...
SUBSISTENCE SOCIETY ISOLATION
-0.691787
-0.920433
-1.04841
-0.095888
-0.572149
-0.572149
null
-0.572149
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The Orokaiva (umbrella term for different indigenous communities) were primarily subsistence farmers in the period under consideration (1734-1883 ...
rise
-1,440
eg_new_k_1
4
-0.14
-0.05
"Thutmose III (r. 1458–1425 BC) ruled jointly with his aunt and step-mother Hatshepsut until her death for bone cancer in 1458 BC. He is famous for his territorial expansion into the Levant (3 campaigns of Thutmose III were directed against the Phoenician cities in Syria). Under his reign the Egyptian Empire was at it...
EXPANSION WAR DISASTER
-0.614127
0.450763
0
-0.287663
-0.143832
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Thutmose III (r. 1458–1425 BC) ruled jointly with his aunt and step-mother Hatshepsut until her death for bone cancer in 1458 BC. He is famous fo...
decline
-1,480
eg_new_k_1
4
-0.14
0.57
"Thutmose II (r. 1492–1479 BC) married his fully royal half-sister Hatshepsut in order to secure his kingship. His generals sedated rebellions in Nubia. The real ower was possibly held by Hatshepsut as Thumtose II was probably a weak ruler. Elite became aristocracy."
WAR POWER SOCIETY
-0.614127
1.045267
0
-0.297252
-0.148626
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Thutmose II (r. 1492–1479 BC) married his fully royal half-sister Hatshepsut in order to secure his kingship. His generals sedated rebellions in N...
decline
-1,410
eg_new_k_1
2
-0.14
-0.27
"Amenhotep II (r. 1425–1400 BC). his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities between Egypt and Mitanni kingdoms and signed a traty for the control of the trading routes between Syria and Mesopotamia. end of the expansion of Egypt."
WAR EXPANSION TRADE
-0.614127
0.23981
0
-0.095888
-0.047944
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Amenhotep II (r. 1425–1400 BC). his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities between Egypt and Mitanni kingdoms and signed a traty for the...
rise
-1,430
eg_new_k_1
5
-0.14
-0.17
"Before the end of Thutmose III s reign he obliterated Hatshepsut s name and image from temples and monuments for political reasons (damnatio memoriae) possibly related to secure his succession. Modern Egyptologists have variously attributed her erasure to sibling rivalry; political expediency or her gender."
SUCCESSION POLITICS GENDER
-0.614127
0.335697
0
-0.115065
-0.057533
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Before the end of Thutmose III s reign he obliterated Hatshepsut s name and image from temples and monuments for political reasons (damnatio memor...
decline
-1,500
eg_new_k_1
3
-0.14
0.88
"Thutmose I (r. 1520–1492 BC) conquered the Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia and campaigned in Caanan and the Levant. He is also the father of Thutmose II and Hatshepsut with two different wives."
WAR EXPANSION DYNASTY
-0.614127
1.342519
-0.85426
-0.39314
-0.6237
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Thutmose I (r. 1520–1492 BC) conquered the Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia and campaigned in Caanan and the Levant. He is also the father of Thutmose II...
decline
-1,460
eg_new_k_1
4
-0.14
0.25
"Hatshepsut (r. 1479–1458 BC) ruled after the premature death of her husband Thumtose II. She is the second known female ruler of Egypt famous for her diplomatic expedition to Punt and building many temples and monuments. She acted as regent for her nephew Thutmose III during the early part of her reign then she acted...
SUCCESSION GOVERNANCE MONUMENT
-0.614127
0.738426
0
-0.306841
-0.15342
0.000659
0.363329
-0.495854
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Hatshepsut (r. 1479–1458 BC) ruled after the premature death of her husband Thumtose II. She is the second known female ruler of Egypt famous for...
decline
-2,300
eg_old_k_2
3
-0.1
-0.8
"Pepi I (r. 2332–2283 BC) Faced conspiracies and political troubles yet became the most prolific builder of his dynasty. many marriages of Pepi I may have generated instability by creating competing groups and factions at court [Bárta 2017 p. 12.]"
POLITICS INSTABILITY DYNASTY
-0.458807
-0.268396
0.54362
-0.230131
0.156745
0.06603
0.205748
-0.127051
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Pepi I (r. 2332–2283 BC) Faced conspiracies and political troubles yet became the most prolific builder of his dynasty. many marriages of Pepi I m...
decline
-2,270
eg_old_k_2
5
-0.1
-0.83
"Nemtyemsaf I (r. 2283–2278 BC) received the submission of Lower Nubia and reformed the administration (provincial officials became directly responsible for the collection of local tax and labour. this improved meritocracy) "
ADMINISTRATION TAXATION EXPANSION
-0.458807
-0.297162
0
-0.028766
-0.014383
0.06603
0.205748
-0.127051
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Nemtyemsaf I (r. 2283–2278 BC) received the submission of Lower Nubia and reformed the administration (provincial officials became directly respon...
decline
-2,220
eg_old_k_2
3
-0.1
-0.76
"Pepi II (r. 2278–2183 BC) s reign marked a sharp decline of the Old Kingdom. He ascended the throne at age 6 "
DECLINE GOVERNANCE INSTABILITY
-0.458807
-0.230041
0
0.067121
0.033561
0.06603
0.205748
-0.127051
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Pepi II (r. 2278–2183 BC) s reign marked a sharp decline of the Old Kingdom. He ascended the throne at age 6 "
decline
-1,300
px_lapita
5
-0.1
-0.18
"Contact between Lapita and Austronesian Peoples middle period expanded from Taiwan and Philippines to Papua New Guinea/Oro around 1300 BC according to language phylogenesis. [Gray RD Drummond AJ Greenhill SJ (January 2009). Language phylogenies reveal expansion pulses and pauses in Pacific settlement. Science. 323 (...
EXPANSION MIGRATION CULTURE
-0.458807
0.326109
-1.00958
-0.086299
-0.54794
0.040455
0.4462
-0.462153
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Contact between Lapita and Austronesian Peoples middle period expanded from Taiwan and Philippines to Papua New Guinea/Oro around 1300 BC accordin...
decline
-1,270
px_lapita
2
-0.1
-0.13
"possibly after 1300 BC Lapita joins a cultural complex of trades with Austronesian peoples in Indonesia and Philippines"
TRADE MIGRATION CULTURE
-0.458807
0.374052
0
0.047944
0.023972
0.040455
0.4462
-0.462153
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "possibly after 1300 BC Lapita joins a cultural complex of trades with Austronesian peoples in Indonesia and Philippines"
rise
1,180
cn_later_great_jin
3
-0.08
-0.2
"The Wealthy Jurchens feasted and drank and wore damask and silk. Emperor Shizong of Jin tried to revive ancient Jurchen traditions. in 1188 he prohibited Jurchens from wearing Han Chinese clothes."
CULTURE CONFLICT GOVERNANCE
-0.381147
0.306931
0
0.067121
0.033561
0.021575
0.016951
0.010787
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The Wealthy Jurchens feasted and drank and wore damask and silk. Emperor Shizong of Jin tried to revive ancient Jurchen traditions. in 1188 he pro...
decline
1,140
cn_later_great_jin
1
-0.08
-0.27
"Emperor Xizong of Jin (r. 1135-1150) several military campaigns against the Han-led Southern Song dynasty in southern China and arrived at a treaty and gained a tribute. he was overthrown and murdered by his chancellor Wanyan Liang in a coup in 1150"
WAR POLITICS REBELLION
-0.381147
0.23981
null
null
null
0.021575
0.016951
0.010787
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Xizong of Jin (r. 1135-1150) several military campaigns against the Han-led Southern Song dynasty in southern China and arrived at a treat...
rise
1,220
cn_later_great_jin
4
-0.08
-0.18
"declining state of the Jin dynasty under Emperor Zhangzong of Jin and his successor Wanyan Yongji "
DECLINE SUCCESSION DYNASTY
-0.381147
0.326109
0
0.019178
0.009589
0.021575
0.016951
0.010787
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "declining state of the Jin dynasty under Emperor Zhangzong of Jin and his successor Wanyan Yongji "
decline
1,100
cn_northern_song_dyn
4
-0.08
-0.36
"Internal fights between conservative and liberal members of government. The conservative historian Sima Guang opposed to the liberal Wang Anshi reforms"
POLITICS REFORM CONFLICT
-0.381147
0.153511
-0.31064
0.105477
-0.102582
0.008956
0.097335
-0.08705
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Internal fights between conservative and liberal members of government. The conservative historian Sima Guang opposed to the liberal Wang Anshi re...
decline
1,100
fr_capetian_k_1
1
-0.08
-0.89
"king Louis VI (r. 1108 – 1137) restored the fiscal distress by taxation to vassals rather than population. this made him unpopular among the elite but stregthened the power of the state. Increase in the number of monks at Saint-Germain-des-Prés. Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem after the victory in the first cr...
WAR GOVERNANCE RELIGION
-0.381147
-0.354695
-0.31064
-0.115065
-0.212853
-0.090128
0.106282
-0.194444
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Louis VI (r. 1108 – 1137) restored the fiscal distress by taxation to vassals rather than population. this made him unpopular among the elite...
rise
1,140
fr_capetian_k_1
4
-0.08
-0.95
"king Louis VII called to go to the second crusade against the Sultanate of Rum (Seljuq). new fiscal distress for the state. The French army was almost entirely destroyed by the Turks; by shipwreks or by sickness. In Jerusalem king Baldwin III deposed Melisende and took the throne (r. 1143 – 1163). "
WAR COLLAPSE POLITICS
-0.381147
-0.412227
0
-0.057533
-0.028766
-0.090128
0.106282
-0.194444
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Louis VII called to go to the second crusade against the Sultanate of Rum (Seljuq). new fiscal distress for the state. The French army was al...
decline
1,220
fr_capetian_k_2
4
-0.08
-1.01
"king Louis VIII of France (r. 1223–1226) prohibited to take debts with Jews causing high fiscal distress. Instability of French and English aristocracies and strike at the University of Paris. Queen regent until king Louis IX grew up. Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem (r. 1212 – 1228) was married to Frederick II Holy Rom...
INSTABILITY CONFLICT RELIGION
-0.381147
-0.46976
0
-0.009589
-0.004794
0.043862
0.06881
0.000071
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Louis VIII of France (r. 1223–1226) prohibited to take debts with Jews causing high fiscal distress. Instability of French and English aristo...
decline
1,180
fr_capetian_k_2
3
-0.08
-1
"king Luis II August of France (r. 1180–1223) controlled the power of the nobles (that commanded the army) granting privileges and liberties to the emergent class of merchants and bourguesie. king Baldwin IV of Jerusalem (1174 - 1185) was ill of leprosy and died. Siege of Jerusalem in 1187 that fell to the Ayyubid of ...
WAR POLITICS DISEASE
-0.381147
-0.460171
null
null
null
0.043862
0.06881
0.000071
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Luis II August of France (r. 1180–1223) controlled the power of the nobles (that commanded the army) granting privileges and liberties to th...
decline
1,260
mn_mongol_emp
2
-0.08
-0.14
"Kahn election in 1260 had rival factions: Kublai supported by progressists and Ariq Böke supported by the traditionalists. Elected both claimants. Toluid Civil War fragmented the Mongol Empire: Golden Horde (Mongke in Russia); Chagatai Khanate (Baraq in Sogdiana); Great Yuan (Kublai in China/Mongolia); Il-khanate (Hu...
WAR FRAGMENTATION POLITICS
-0.381147
0.364464
null
null
null
0.065437
0.085761
0.010859
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Kahn election in 1260 had rival factions: Kublai supported by progressists and Ariq Böke supported by the traditionalists. Elected both claimants....
rise
-1,200
px_lapita
5
-0.08
0.12
"Lapita culture arrives at Bismark Islands"
MIGRATION EXPANSION CULTURE
-0.381147
0.613772
0.07766
0.239719
0.15869
0.040455
0.4462
-0.462153
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Lapita culture arrives at Bismark Islands"
decline
200
it_roman_principate
1
-0.07
-2.4
"ideology is to preserve wealth and peace. elite patricians and populace plebei. Army as social lift. Free urban workers had many hours of leisure each day for baths and gladiatorial games. Peace cost rises: all families had slaves. Emperor Severus (r. 193 - 211) waged successful wars against the Parthian Empire and Ma...
WAR SOCIAL RELIGION
-0.342317
-1.8026
-0.50479
0.326018
-0.089386
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "ideology is to preserve wealth and peace. elite patricians and populace plebei. Army as social lift. Free urban workers had many hours of leisure ...
rise
250
it_roman_principate
4
-0.07
-1.78
"crisis of the third century: In order to legitimize and secure their rule the emperors of the mid third century (Maximinus Balbinus Gordian Philip Decius Trebonianus Valerian) needed above all military successes. the capital is moved with the emperors. many emperors were assassinated. The Goths under King Cniv...
WAR POLITICS INSTABILITY
-0.342317
-1.208096
0.62128
-0.086299
0.267491
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "crisis of the third century: In order to legitimize and secure their rule the emperors of the mid third century (Maximinus Balbinus Gordian P...
decline
260
it_roman_principate
4
-0.07
-1.45
"Emperor Gallienus (260-268) deafeats Germanic tribes in Mediolanum. Usurper Postumius declares himself Emperor of the Gallic Empire. he defeats Gallienus. Roman Emperor Claudius Gothicus defeated the Goths at the Battle of Naissus but died of pestilence possibly the Plague of Cyprian that had ravaged the provinces of ...
WAR DISASTER EMPIRE
-0.342317
-0.891666
0.62128
0.15342
0.38735
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Gallienus (260-268) deafeats Germanic tribes in Mediolanum. Usurper Postumius declares himself Emperor of the Gallic Empire. he defeats Ga...
decline
230
it_roman_principate
3
-0.07
-1.45
"Emperor Alexander raised taxes to wage war against Sassanid empire but lost. He then used diplomacy and bribery to solve the conflict with Germanic tribes. This alienated many in the Roman army that eventually killed him."
WAR DIPLOMACY REBELLION
-0.342317
-0.891666
0.62128
1.01641
0.818845
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Alexander raised taxes to wage war against Sassanid empire but lost. He then used diplomacy and bribery to solve the conflict with Germani...
decline
280
it_roman_principate
5
-0.07
-2.22
"The crisis ended with Emperor Diocletian (r. 284 -305) who reformed the Roman government in autocratic way creating the consistorum (assembly of ministries). This destroyed the cooperation between emperor army and senate but helped to stabilize the Empire economically and militarily for a further 150 years. "
REFORM STABILITY GOVERNANCE
-0.342317
-1.630002
0.62128
-0.652037
-0.015378
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The crisis ended with Emperor Diocletian (r. 284 -305) who reformed the Roman government in autocratic way creating the consistorum (assembly of m...
decline
220
it_roman_principate
2
-0.07
-2.53
"Emperor Alexander (222-235) s peacetime reign was prosperous. "
PROSPERITY REIGN PEACE
-0.342317
-1.927254
0.62128
-0.450673
0.085304
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Alexander (222-235) s peacetime reign was prosperous. "
rise
270
it_roman_principate
4
-0.07
-1.5
"Aurelian (AD 270–275) reunited the empire militarily with the reconquest of the usurped Gallic and Palmyrene empires. After him there is instability with the 5 late Emperors (Tacitus Florianus Probus Carus Carinus) that fought german peoples and tried to repopulate northern provinces and control economy."
WAR INSTABILITY REPOPULATION
-0.342317
-0.93961
0.62128
0.038355
0.329818
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Aurelian (AD 270–275) reunited the empire militarily with the reconquest of the usurped Gallic and Palmyrene empires. After him there is instabili...
decline
240
it_roman_principate
4
-0.07
-1.1
"onset of the Crisis of the Third Century. the vast internal trade and supply network broke down. The widespread civil unrest made it no longer safe for merchants to travel as they once had"
WAR DISASTER COLLAPSE
-0.342317
-0.556059
0.62128
1.697214
1.159247
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "onset of the Crisis of the Third Century. the vast internal trade and supply network broke down. The widespread civil unrest made it no longer saf...
decline
210
it_roman_principate
1
-0.07
-1.61
"domestic instability and Germanic attacks. Emperor Caracalla (198 - 217) granted Roman citizenship to all free men of the Empire. In 216 he waged war against Parthia but was killed by disaffected soldiers. Emperor Macrinus (217 - 218) made peace and fiscal reforms but soldiers killed him. Julia Maesa installed Elagaba...
WAR INSTABILITY POLITICS
-0.342317
-1.045087
0.62128
1.141065
0.881172
0.01884
0.500481
-0.615979
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "domestic instability and Germanic attacks. Emperor Caracalla (198 - 217) granted Roman citizenship to all free men of the Empire. In 216 he waged ...
rise
200
mx_basin_of_mexico_7
1
-0.07
-2.67
"the tunnel under the feathered serpent temple/Teotihuacan pyramid is sealed."
DISASTER ARCHITECTURE ARCHAEOLOGY
-0.342317
-2.061497
-0.19415
1.380784
0.593317
0.058633
0.3763
-0.321224
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "the tunnel under the feathered serpent temple/Teotihuacan pyramid is sealed."
rise
240
mx_basin_of_mexico_7
3
-0.07
-0.84
"appearence of the Xitle volcano in 245."
DISASTER ENVIRONMENT TIME
-0.342317
-0.306751
0
1.754746
0.877373
0.058633
0.3763
-0.321224
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "appearence of the Xitle volcano in 245."
decline
250
mx_basin_of_mexico_7
3
-0.07
-1.67
"end of the epi-olmecs culture"
COLLAPSE SOCIETY ENVIRONMENT
-0.342317
-1.102619
0
-0.795869
-0.397934
0.058633
0.3763
-0.321224
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "end of the epi-olmecs culture"
decline
290
tr_roman_dominate
1
-0.07
-2.21
"elite are rich landowners warriors and population farmers. army and burocracy are the social lift. ideology is to keep control also with autocracy and restore social unity. Diocletian greatly increased the number of bureaucrats for the government and prosecuted Christians to restore Roman culture. War and then peace w...
WAR CONTROL RESTORATION
-0.342317
-1.620413
null
null
null
0.00781
0.23566
-0.351178
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "elite are rich landowners warriors and population farmers. army and burocracy are the social lift. ideology is to keep control also with autocracy...
rise
-2,260
cn_longshan
2
-0.05
0.65
"Emperor Yao in Taosi passes the power to Shun to solve the problem of floods in all the empire. Shun probably knew Yu the great and reorganizes the empire to put the imperial authority in a better position to deal with the flood and its effects improving the life of farmers and triggering population growth."
DISASTER GOVERNANCE POPULATION
-0.264657
1.121977
0
-0.019178
-0.009589
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Emperor Yao in Taosi passes the power to Shun to solve the problem of floods in all the empire. Shun probably knew Yu the great and reorganizes th...
rise
-2,290
cn_longshan
1
-0.05
0.66
"begin of Taosi. Several Chinese archaeologists postulate that Taosi was the site conquered by Emperor Yao (born 2356 died 2255 BC) [He Nu Wu Jiabi (2005) Astronomical date of the observatory at Taosi site. The Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (IA CASS)]"
WAR POLITICS CIVILIZATION
-0.264657
1.131566
0
0.019178
0.009589
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "begin of Taosi. Several Chinese archaeologists postulate that Taosi was the site conquered by Emperor Yao (born 2356 died 2255 BC) [He Nu Wu Jia...
rise
-2,230
cn_longshan
3
-0.05
0.62
"in Shiji (Historic Records) Emperor Yao assigned astronomic officers to observe celestial phenomena including time and position of sunrise sunset and stars in culmination in order to systematically establish a solar calendar and a lunar calendar with 366 days a year with leap month."
CALENDAR OBSERVATION GOVERNANCE
-0.264657
1.093211
0
0
0
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "in Shiji (Historic Records) Emperor Yao assigned astronomic officers to observe celestial phenomena including time and position of sunrise suns...
decline
-2,270
cn_longshan
1
-0.05
0.67
"Yu the great (founder of the Xia dynasty lived probably not in Taosi) son of Gum instead of directly damming the rivers flow made a system of irrigation canals which relieved floodwater into fields. this was crucial in establishing the prosperity of the Chinese heartland."
INFRASTRUCTURE AGRICULTURE PROSPERITY
-0.264657
1.141155
0
0
0
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Yu the great (founder of the Xia dynasty lived probably not in Taosi) son of Gum instead of directly damming the rivers flow made a system of ...
rise
-2,300
cn_longshan
5
-0.05
0.64
"Late Longshan phase is the rise and fall of Taosi in the western mountain region of Shaangxi. It starts with the state of Youtang (有唐) being conquered by Emperor Yao"
WAR RISE FALL
-0.264657
1.112388
-0.03883
0.517794
0.239482
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Late Longshan phase is the rise and fall of Taosi in the western mountain region of Shaangxi. It starts with the state of Youtang (有唐) being conqu...
decline
-2,280
cn_longshan
1
-0.05
0.67
"It was during the reign of Emperor Yao that the Great Flood began The emperor put Gun in charge of controlling the flood. He tried to build dikes but failed. "
DISASTER GOVERNANCE FAILURE
-0.264657
1.141155
0
0.009589
0.004794
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "It was during the reign of Emperor Yao that the Great Flood began The emperor put Gun in charge of controlling the flood. He tried to build dikes...
rise
-2,220
cn_longshan
4
-0.05
0.62
"king Qi (2nd king of Xia dynasty son of Yu the great) as one of the examples of originally virtuous kings who would beget wicked sons."
SUCCESSION LEGITIMACY DYNASTY
-0.264657
1.093211
0
0
0
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Qi (2nd king of Xia dynasty son of Yu the great) as one of the examples of originally virtuous kings who would beget wicked sons."
decline
-2,250
cn_longshan
2
-0.05
0.64
"Death of Emperor Yao. According to the legend he became the ruler at 20 and died at 99 (probably in 2255 BC). then he passed his throne to Shun the Great to whom he had given his two daughters in marriage"
SUCCESSION RULERSHIP LEGEND
-0.264657
1.112388
0
-0.009589
-0.004794
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Death of Emperor Yao. According to the legend he became the ruler at 20 and died at 99 (probably in 2255 BC). then he passed his throne to Shun t...
rise
-2,240
cn_longshan
3
-0.05
0.62
"The elite of Taosi used shadow measurements for creating calendars that are mentioned in several ancient texts in order to establish the local solar calendar based on winter solstice which was crucial for the practice of agriculture at that time. the calendar was used to define people seasonal behavior."
AGRICULTURE CALENDAR SOCIETY
-0.264657
1.093211
0
-0.019178
-0.009589
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "The elite of Taosi used shadow measurements for creating calendars that are mentioned in several ancient texts in order to establish the local sol...
decline
-2,510
eg_old_k_1
4
-0.05
1.63
"Menkaure/Mykerinos (r. 2532–2503 BC). His pyramid is the third and smallest in Giza."
DYNASTY MONUMENT DECLINE
-0.264657
2.061677
0
0.412317
0.206159
-0.037148
0.508628
-0.926948
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Menkaure/Mykerinos (r. 2532–2503 BC). His pyramid is the third and smallest in Giza."
decline
-2,540
eg_old_k_1
3
-0.05
1.2
"Khafre (r. 2558-2532 BC). His pyramid is the second largest in Giza. Some scholars prefer him as the creator of the Great Sphinx"
MONUMENT DYNASTY ARCHITECTURE
-0.264657
1.64936
0
0.306841
0.15342
-0.037148
0.508628
-0.926948
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Khafre (r. 2558-2532 BC). His pyramid is the second largest in Giza. Some scholars prefer him as the creator of the Great Sphinx"
decline
-2,570
eg_old_k_1
2
-0.05
0.72
"Khufu/Cheops (r. 2589–2566 BC) is depicted as a cruel tyrant by ancient Greek authors. Ancient Egyptian sources however describe him as a generous and pious ruler. He sent several expeditions to Byblos to trade copper tools and weapons for precious Lebanon cedar wood. This kind of wood was essential for building large...
TRADE CONSTRUCTION AUTHORITY
-0.264657
1.189099
0
0.508205
0.254103
-0.037148
0.508628
-0.926948
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Khufu/Cheops (r. 2589–2566 BC) is depicted as a cruel tyrant by ancient Greek authors. Ancient Egyptian sources however describe him as a generous...
rise
-2,560
eg_old_k_1
2
-0.05
0.88
"Djedefre (r. 2566-2558 BC) is the king who introduced the royal title of Son of Ra and the first to connect his cartouche name with the sun god Ra."
RELIGION ROYALTY INNOVATION
-0.264657
1.342519
0
0.15342
0.07671
-0.037148
0.508628
-0.926948
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Djedefre (r. 2566-2558 BC) is the king who introduced the royal title of Son of Ra and the first to connect his cartouche name with the sun god Ra...
rise
-2,600
eg_old_k_1
1
-0.05
0.19
"reign of Sneferu (r. 2613–2589 BC). Possible autocracy reforms. Ancient Egyptian documents describe Sneferu as a pious ruler. There are records of an office known as Judge Commandant of the Police dating to the fourth dynasty after 2610s BC [Conser J A; Russell G D; Gingerich T E; Paynich R 2005. law enforcement in th...
AUTOCRACY GOVERNANCE LAW
-0.264657
0.680893
-1.59203
0.115065
-0.738482
-0.037148
0.508628
-0.926948
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "reign of Sneferu (r. 2613–2589 BC). Possible autocracy reforms. Ancient Egyptian documents describe Sneferu as a pious ruler. There are records of...
rise
-2,220
fr_atlantic_complex
1
-0.05
0.26
"Atlantic complex Bronze age. Population farmers/miners and elite are chiefs-warriors that control artisans with the skills to craft metals. Tin and gold mines in north France. Copper mines in Ireland/Uk. Begin of the Armorican Tumulus culture in Northern France. Possible route that brings copper from Ireland to France...
WAR EXPANSION TECHNOLOGY
-0.264657
0.748015
null
null
null
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Atlantic complex Bronze age. Population farmers/miners and elite are chiefs-warriors that control artisans with the skills to craft metals. Tin an...
rise
-1,350
cn_erligang
2
-0.04
0.67
"king Zu Ding (15th of Shang dynasty) ruled in Bi as its capital for 36 years."
DYNASTY POLITICS GOVERNANCE
-0.225827
1.141155
0
-0.201364
-0.100682
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Zu Ding (15th of Shang dynasty) ruled in Bi as its capital for 36 years."
rise
-1,400
cn_erligang
1
-0.04
0.88
"king Zu Ji (14th of Shang dynasty) strengthen the position of the Shang with Wuxian (巫贤) as his prime minister and Gaoyu (高圉) as his vassal"
POLITICS POWER GOVERNANCE
-0.225827
1.342519
-0.50479
-0.009589
-0.257189
0.02337
0.170316
-0.139809
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Zu Ji (14th of Shang dynasty) strengthen the position of the Shang with Wuxian (巫贤) as his prime minister and Gaoyu (高圉) as his vassal"
rise
-2,600
cn_longshan
5
-0.04
-0.35
"Middle Longshan phase. Possible date of the Battle of Zhuolu (Yellow emperor against Chiyou who led 72 to 81 tribes in a thick fog. The Yellow Emperor united 5 tribes and exploited south-pointing chariot in the fog and won). After the battle the Yellow Emperor built his capital in Zhuolu and established an agricultura...
WAR UNIFICATION AGRICULTURE
-0.225827
0.163099
-0.69894
0.412317
-0.143311
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Middle Longshan phase. Possible date of the Battle of Zhuolu (Yellow emperor against Chiyou who led 72 to 81 tribes in a thick fog. The Yellow Emp...
decline
-2,590
cn_longshan
1
-0.04
-0.23
"begin of Changziya fortified town constructed around 2600 BC. it had a rammed earth wall that stood about 7 metres. On the outside of the walls was a deep moat that was fed by water from a nearby river and was at the center of a cluster of more than 40 sites. Chengziya is one of the few neolithic sites at which horse ...
FORTIFICATION SETTLEMENT POLITICS
-0.225827
0.278165
0
0.115065
0.057533
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "begin of Changziya fortified town constructed around 2600 BC. it had a rammed earth wall that stood about 7 metres. On the outside of the walls wa...
rise
-2,560
cn_longshan
2
-0.04
0.1
"probably Changziya was taking tributes from other cities and the period is dominated by warlords."
WAR TRIBUTE POWER
-0.225827
0.594594
0
0.31643
0.158215
-0.00378
0.140844
-0.181291
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "probably Changziya was taking tributes from other cities and the period is dominated by warlords."
rise
-1,680
eg_thebes_hyksos
3
-0.04
0.54
"Pharaoh Yaqub-Har of Upper and Lower Egypt (r. ca. 1770s BC) may belong to the 14th (Upper Egypt) or a vassal ot the 15th (Hyksos) dynasty or he may be ineffective against the protests of the Hyksos. Possible famine; revolts and plagues."
FAMINE REVOLT PLAGUE
-0.225827
1.016501
0
0.201364
0.100682
0.105199
0.089209
0.012945
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Pharaoh Yaqub-Har of Upper and Lower Egypt (r. ca. 1770s BC) may belong to the 14th (Upper Egypt) or a vassal ot the 15th (Hyksos) dynasty or he m...
decline
-1,700
eg_thebes_hyksos
1
-0.04
0.33
"Egypt fully disintegrated. begin of the Second Intermediate Period: the Hyksos (meaning Shepherd kings. they were immigrated/slaves Egyptians from Nile delta Sinai Caanan and Levant) rebelled against Upper Egypt rule. civil war and possible diffused famine. Elite warriors. population herders/farmers."
WAR MIGRATION FAMINE
-0.225827
0.815136
null
null
null
0.105199
0.089209
0.012945
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Egypt fully disintegrated. begin of the Second Intermediate Period: the Hyksos (meaning Shepherd kings. they were immigrated/slaves Egyptians from...
rise
-1,610
eg_thebes_hyksos
2
-0.04
1.18
"king Khyan of Hyksos (r. ca. 1610s) directly ruled over Lower and Middle Egypt up to Cusae and indirectly dominated the Upper Egypt as far as Thebes. [Mumford 2001b p. 339]. Possible dyplomatic relations with Hittites for international recognition and military protection."
EXPANSION WAR DIPLOMACY
-0.225827
1.630182
0
0.210953
0.105477
0.105199
0.089209
0.012945
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "king Khyan of Hyksos (r. ca. 1610s) directly ruled over Lower and Middle Egypt up to Cusae and indirectly dominated the Upper Egypt as far as Theb...
rise
-1,630
eg_thebes_hyksos
5
-0.04
0.96
"Possible reigns of Semqen and Aper-Anat of Hyksos. war against Upper Egypt and possible foundation of regional kingdoms."
WAR EXPANSION POLITICS
-0.225827
1.419229
0
0.182187
0.091093
0.105199
0.089209
0.012945
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "Possible reigns of Semqen and Aper-Anat of Hyksos. war against Upper Egypt and possible foundation of regional kingdoms."
decline
-1,650
eg_thebes_hyksos
4
-0.04
0.77
"by 1650s under king Salitis of the Hyksos they subdue Lower Egypt and start the war against the Upper Egypt from Sinai and Nile delta. Diffused war. Possible famine. "
WAR FAMINE EXPANSION
-0.225827
1.237042
0
0.220542
0.110271
0.105199
0.089209
0.012945
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "by 1650s under king Salitis of the Hyksos they subdue Lower Egypt and start the war against the Upper Egypt from Sinai and Nile delta. Diffused wa...
decline
-1,330
fr_atlantic_complex
4
-0.04
0.59
"chiefs lead each of the village tribes each of which were divided into clans."
GOVERNANCE SOCIETY ORGANIZATION
-0.225827
1.064444
0
-0.210953
-0.105477
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "chiefs lead each of the village tribes each of which were divided into clans."
decline
-1,400
fr_atlantic_complex
1
-0.04
1.47
"end of the exploitation of Welsh copper ca 1400 BC"
RESOURCE DECLINE TECHNOLOGY
-0.225827
1.908257
0.62128
2.167064
1.394172
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "end of the exploitation of Welsh copper ca 1400 BC"
rise
-1,350
fr_atlantic_complex
3
-0.04
1.01
"end of the Late Armorican Tumulus culture without doubt from the Middle Bronze Age (around 1600-1350 BCE )"
DISASTER DECLINE CULTURE
-0.225827
1.467173
0
-0.441084
-0.220542
0.020111
0.493249
-0.661818
act as an expert of history and climate change. Extract up to 3 high level topics as single words, such as WAR, MIGRATION, EXPANSION, DISASTER etc, from the following text: "end of the Late Armorican Tumulus culture without doubt from the Middle Bronze Age (around 1600-1350 BCE )"
decline