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; i heard that the president of the us needs permission from congress to go to war, but i also heard that the president has nuclear launch codes and if he gives the order to attack it must be followed. wtf!?
<p> since world war ii, the president of the united states has had sole authority to launch u.s. nuclear weapons, whether as a first strike or nuclear retaliation. this arrangement was seen as necessary during the cold war to present a credible nuclear deterrent; if an attack was detected, the united states would have ...
Going to war and sending troops to attack someone are two different things. The President, being the Commander-in-Chief of the US military can direct that military, including nukes, to attack any place or person in the world. He then has 2 days to notify Congress of the action, Congress then has 10 days to either appro...
why is the distinction between paperbacks and hardcovers so important?
<p> paperback editions of books are issued when a publisher decides to release a book in a low-cost format. cheaper, lower quality paper; glued (rather than stapled or sewn) bindings; and the lack of a hard cover may contribute to the lower cost of paperbacks. paperbacks can be the preferred medium when a book is not e...
Exactly the same content, just one is designed to be kept / collected, and the other is designed to be essentially disposable. Hardbacks are meant to be kept and displayed, that's why the binding is a lot higher quality, they come with a dust jacket, and are more often signed / acknowledged than paperbacks. Paperbacks ...
why has virtually every human civilisation created a religion?
<p> organised religion traces its roots to the neolithic revolution that began 11,000 years ago in the near east but may have occurred independently in several other locations around the world. the invention of agriculture transformed many human societies from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a sedentary lifestyle. the c...
Humans are very good at seeing patterns, actually most animals are, look up BF Skinner's experiments with superstitious pigeon, our brains are so wired to see patterns that we make them up when they aren't there. From superstition it's really just a matter of a bit of imagination to come up with the concepts of spirits...
why does baseball have their draft in the middle of their season when other sports draft in their offseasons?
<p> bullet::::- owners of the 20 national league and american league baseball teams voted to create the major league baseball draft in order to make a more uniform distribution of amateur players. in an imitation of the drafting process in other professional sports leagues, the teams would select "in reverse order off ...
You hold the draft in June because that's when the students graduating high-school or college are available. You want to draft them then, so that you can be guaranteed to get them. Waiting until after the season means that they've either left school or re-enrolled, and makes it harder to draft college students.
when someone chokes on the liquid there drinking, what causes it?
<p> often the victim has the mouth forced or wedged open, the nose closed with pincers and a funnel or strip of cloth forced down the throat. the victim has to drink all the water (or other liquids such as bile or urine) poured into the funnel to avoid drowning. the stomach fills until near bursting and is sometimes be...
The liquid get's into the lungs where it prevents air from reaching a large section of the lung's surface.
in the old days when motor cars started to become more affordable in the us,how did people do long drives without the option of many gas stations and their cars going through gas?
<p> the increase in automobile ownership after henry ford started to sell automobiles that the middle class could afford resulted in an increased demand for filling stations. the world's first purpose-built gas station was constructed in st. louis, missouri in 1905 at 420 s. theresa avenue. the second gas station was c...
They carried extra gas cans with them. The first cars were also prone to overheating and gas stations actually started out as water stations so car owners could cool down their cars and then the network expanded from there. But it was a while before people used cars for long trips.
why is random-number generation non-trivial?
<p> random number generation may also be performed by humans, in the form of collecting various inputs from end users and using them as a randomization source. however, most studies find that human subjects have some degree of non-randomness when attempting to produce a random sequence of e.g. digits or letters. they m...
What trivial method of random-number generation would you propose? One of the issues is that if it was truly random, we shouldn't be able to predict it. So we're following a set of instructions in order to generate the number, but if you follow the same set of instructions again, you shouldn't be able to predict the ou...
how can i invest and grow my money without knowing how to invest?
<p> by investing "directly" in an institution, rather than purchasing stock, an investor is able to create a greater social impact: money spent purchasing stock in the secondary market accrues to the stock's previous owner and may not generate social good, while money invested in a community institution is put to work....
The market overall is down right now, so it makes sense that you lost some money. The three main things you need to know: Investment gains are slow; it wouldn't be a surprise for it to take a year or so before you make $10 on $500. The safest way to invest is to diversity; buying shares of an index fund or an ETF will ...
why do we tend to get small violent tendencies when we get angry or have a heated argument with someone else? [biology]
<p> confrontation may occur between individuals, or between larger groups. because groups are composed of multiple individuals, with each member having their own specific triggers for a violent response to a perceived provocation, risk factors which "may not be sufficient individually to explain collective violence, in...
The "Fight or Flight" response to the confrontation. Anticipating a fight, a cascade of things happen to your physiology..adrenaline production, flushing, heat, respiration increasing, muscles tensing..the whole brain is prepped to go to battle. This also suppresses normal functions, like situational awareness giving w...
why real estate agents promote themselves like they're a celebrity and how this became standard practice?
<p> celebrity endorsement benefits both branding and advertising agencies, promoting them on social media, such as instagram and facebook. 'firms invest significant monies in juxtaposing brands and organisations with endorser qualities such as attractiveness, likeability, and trustworthiness. they trust that these qual...
Many people don't do much homework when choosing something, in this case a realtor. If you decide to sell your house, the conversation may well go like this: "Let's sell this dump!" "K" "Who should we call?" "I dunno, how about that guy's face that we see everywhere all the time? I can't think of any others at this mom...
mood swings due to hormones (like contraception or pms)
<p> a large body of research has looked at the effects of positive or negative mood manipulations on performance in tasks of executive function. in most cases, positive mood inductions impair executive function, whereas negative mood has little effect. overall, the best supported explanation for the observed effects i...
Hormones produced by the ovaries act as powerful neurotransmitters. When the amount you have in the body changes, it can affect your mood because it affects your brain.
what is significant about a 4th domain of life being discovered
<p> bullet::::- researchers announce the discovery of considerable amounts of life forms, including 70% of bacteria and archea on earth, comprising up to 23 billion tonnes of carbon, living up to at least deep underground, including below the seabed, according to a ten-year deep carbon observatory project. <p> scienti...
To the average person, absolutely nothing. I'm sure someone else will come through and explain to me why I am wrong, but the truth is that this knowledge will not change how you live your life for decades (if ever). What this means though is that scientists will have to rethink evolutionary biology. Evolution isn't wro...
how does cargo transport operate?
<p> shipment of cargo by trucks, directly from the shipper's place to the destination, is known as a door-to-door shipment, or more formally as multimodal transport. trucks and trains make deliveries to sea and airports where cargo is moved in bulk. <p> freight transport is the physical process of transporting commodi...
Without getting into specifics regarding INCO terms and their differences between transportation modes or NVOCC vs asset based carriers, it's fairly simple. The vast majority of ocean freight is moved in containers that the shipper does not own. Embedded within the cost structure of the transportation is a factor that ...
what do foundries actually do?
<p> emery is a producer of commodity and specialty chemicals made from natural oils and fats. it is one of the largest oleochemical manufacturers in the united states, along with vantage specialty chemicals. <p> floristry is the production, commerce and trade in flowers. it encompasses flower care and handling, floral...
What is the conflict here? Qualcomm designs the processors, and ASML builds the machines that TSMC uses to actually manufacture the chips in large numbers.
what is executive order 13673, fair pay and safe workplaces?
<p> executive order 11246, signed by president lyndon b. johnson on september 24, 1965, established requirements for non-discriminatory practices in hiring and employment on the part of u.s. government contractors. it "prohibits federal contractors and federally assisted construction contractors and subcontractors, who...
It sounds like the part that applies to you is part II of the order: "The second part of the Order creates new paycheck-transparency protections for workers on Federal contracts. This part, section 5 of the Order, contains two separate requirements. It requires contracting agencies to ensure that certain workers on cov...
modern file systems
<p> before the advent of computers the term "file system" was used to describe a method of storing and retrieving paper documents. by 1961 the term was being applied to computerized filing alongside the original meaning. by 1964 it was in general use. <p> the extended file system, or ext, was implemented in april 1992...
ReFS is a newer filesystems that is designed to have more resiliency then NTFS by doing things like having checksums to validate that a disk drive isn't corrupting data (what you wrote is what you read) and store more data then NTFS can safely, as well as not requiring extended disk checks to ensure its internal struct...
why does it take so long after your flight has pulled into the gate to open the doors?
<p> thomas g. doty arrived at the gate after the doors had been closed. although airline policy is that once the doors are closed they are not to be reopened, the doors were reopened and doty was allowed to board. <p> a problem with the outward-opening cargo door first became publicly known on june 12, 1972, when amer...
The pilot needs to shut down engine and ground crew need to chock the plane. The cabin crew then need to unbuckle once they're told the plane is in position and make their way to the exit door. The doors are armed against unintentional opening and disarming them takes some time. The largest part of the delay, however, ...
what's the difference between donating blood to the red cross vs. donating to a hospital? if the red cross supplies blood to hospitals, why do hospitals run their own blood banks?
<p> the united states does not have a centralized blood donation service. the american red cross collects a little less than half of the blood used, the other half is collected by independent agencies, most of which are members of america's blood centers. the us military collects blood from service members for its own ...
We don't give blood any more. We fractionate it into the different components and give only what is needed. If you need red blood cells, you get Packed Red Blood Cells. If you need platelets, you get that. Same for plasma, albumin, etc. etc. The blood bank stores the blood products. They also ensure that the blood matc...
how are people's ideas not stolen when they propose them to a company in a sales pitch?
<p> marketing ideas are developed in myriad ways; often, fielder and the writing team will come up with an idea specifically for the business, while other times concepts are formed in a completely unrelated way. ideas can be thrown out if they are deemed not visually interesting or engaging for viewers. as a result, th...
Fair warning, I sell IP for a living. Basically, we are very careful what we share when we are selling. We show just enough to let you see the potential, but not enough that you are able to duplicate the work without us. Sure, you may see a piece of it, but its a long road between one website page and a fully functiona...
why do artists release full music videos? doesn't it cut into album sales?
<p> they are yet to release a full-length album, because they prefer giving out their music for free. they have had millions of downloads from their site and other related pages. they did release a free multimedia cd of their singles and videos in 2001. the band does not have any policies against their music being copi...
It's something visual to look at which can help keep audience viewership and have more people listen to their other music. For instance, the most popular video on YouTube, Gangnam Style, has 2.84 billion views. Assuming Psy (or the publishing company/whatever) is getting $1 per 1,000 views, that's $2.84 million dollars...
why do your eyes tear up when laying on your side?
<p> tearing (), lacrimation or lachrymation () is the secretion of tears, a body fluid which cleans and lubricates the eyes in response to irritation. humans may display visible tears by crying when associated with strong internal emotions. these emotions can include sorrow, elation, love, awe, and pleasure. laughing o...
Mine dont? Am i an alien?
flavour tones in wine. what are they, and why do white and red wines have flavour tones of apricot, berries, or tropical flavour tones despite not having those fruits in them?
<p> characteristics of white wines fermented in oak include a pale color and extra silky texture. white wines fermented in steel and matured in oak will have a darker coloring due to heavy phenolic compounds still present. flavor notes commonly used to describe wines exposed to oak include caramel, cream, smoke, spice ...
Flavor tones in wines are a lot like finding shapes in the clouds, they don’t actually exist but when you take a sip of that wine the flavors you taste remind you of something you once ate or smelled.
does brain activity correlate with heart rhythm?
<p> the fundamental understanding of the communication between the heart and the brain via the nervous system has led scientists into understanding its elaborate circuitry. the brain emits neurological signals of oscillating frequencies. the neural rhythms provide information on steady state conditions of healthy indiv...
Blood follows the rhythm of your heart in the sense that your heart squeezes and generates a pressure wave that pushes blood through the circulatory system. The important aspect of this is that it keeps fresh blood moving to your brain in a consistent fashion so that it continues to deliver oxygen. If the flow slows, y...
rugby union, rugby league, and afl all walk into a building. how do you tell the difference?
<p> narrow footbridges or walkways to allow workers access to parts of a structure otherwise difficult to reach are referred as catwalks or cat walks. such catwalks are located above a stage (theater catwalk) in a theater, between parts of a building, along the side of a bridge, on the inside of a tunnel, on the outsid...
Rugby Union -- they'll walk into a building, then they will get into a scrum which will last for 20 minutes since they keep on doing it wrong. Rugby League -- they run all over the place, it's hard to follow them. And then each side gets the ball back in five minutes. AFL -- that's where they kick the ball around, wear...
when you grab something hot, why does the 'hotness' increase and isn't just hot from the start
<p> the heat, or burning sensation, experienced when consuming hot sauce is caused by capsaicin and related capsaicinoids. the burning sensation is not "real" in the sense of damage being wrought on tissues. the mechanism of action is instead a chemical interaction with the neurological system. <p> when a person touch...
It's the reaction time for your nervous system to register it. The same thing happens when you stub your toe. You don't feel itninstantly.because it takes a short, albeit quote very short, period of time to feel the paim/heat.
why there's no way to see the dislikes on a youtube comment?
<p> in september 2008, "the daily telegraph" commented that youtube was "notorious" for "some of the most confrontational and ill-formed comment exchanges on the internet", and reported on youtube comment snob, "a new piece of software that blocks rude and illiterate posts". "the huffington post" noted in april 2012 th...
Same reason that Reddit doesn't display negative account karma below -100 or let you look for the worst posts/comments. If you put a number on something, somebody is going to see it as a challenge and break the "high score". Letting people see the "worst" content just incentives trolls to compete with each other for cr...
do photons age?
<p> recent evidence suggests that aging is also related to the loss of myelinated nerve fiber length and the mass of white matter, with individuals losing approximately 45% of total nerve fiber length as they age. <p> age plays a role in brightness, as a contributing factor is the observer's pupil. with age the pupil ...
Photons do not experience time, so they do not age as we understand it. They do 'die' whenever they are absorbed. Every photon emitted by your monitor 'dies' in your retina (converted to electrical impulses) so you can read this answer.
why is victim blaming seen as bad? when in my mind there seems to be legitimate circumstances where the victim would be to blame?
<p> victim blaming occurs when the victim of a crime or any wrongful act is held entirely or partially at fault for the harm that befell them. the study of victimology seeks to mitigate the prejudice against victims, and the perception that victims are in any way responsible for the actions of offenders. there is histo...
People think it empowers the offender, that it means the offender is somehow not in the wrong. Which of course isn't correct. e.g. saying those celebrities that got their pictures hacked should have been more vigilant somehow implies that the hacker wasn't in the wrong.
how is snowden in hiding yet constantly able to do ama's and such?
<p> in may 2013, snowden went on temporary leave from his position at the nsa, citing the pretext of receiving treatment for his epilepsy. towards the end of may, he traveled to hong kong. greenwald, poitras and the guardian's defence and intelligence correspondent ewen macaskill flew to hong kong to meet snowden. <p>...
Snowden is in Russia. Now his exact position in or around Moscow may be unknown to most people, but we have a general idea of where he is. So as long as he has access to an internet connection, he can access Reddit. He may also use a service such as Tor or a VPN to help further protect his location, even if he was stil...
what is the environmental impact of “clean”energy?
<p> the ecology center's clean energy, clean fuels campaign promotes policy solutions that increase united states energy independence, decrease michigan's global warming pollution, and encourage sustainable agricultural and forestry practices that improve soil quality, enhance wildlife habitat, and preserve other conse...
All forms of energy capture and storage have *some* environmental impact. Manufacturing solar panels requires rare-earth minerals that have to be mined which can cause pollution, hydroelectric dams can impact the ecosystem's water use and dependent wildlife and and wind farms can impact wildlife as well. And yes, we'll...
what exactly is ocd and anxiety? (i mean actual ocd, not the "it's not perfectly symmetrical" one)
<p> obsessive–compulsive disorder (ocd) is not classified as an anxiety disorder by the dsm-5 but is by the icd-10. it was previously classified as an anxiety disorder in the dsm-iv. it is a condition where the person has obsessions (distressing, persistent, and intrusive thoughts or images) and compulsions (urges to r...
Do you mean chemically or the actual definition of it? OCD is a disorder characterized by compulsive behavior and obsessive thoughts. A person with OCD has a need to perform a certain behavior. If they don't, then they have a very intense feeling of wrongness and need to fix it. Their thoughts circle around this behavi...
i'm not allowed to donate blood because i'm on multiple mood altering meds. why am i allowed to be an organ donor?
<p> in 2012, the constitutional court found that one's sexual orientation cannot be a criterion for preventing blood donation, for this purpose the court ordered the ministry of health and social protection to change the current regulations which established that persons with homosexual orientation could not donate blo...
There are techniques that can filter literally anything out of blood/tissues. But they are expensive both in time and money, or at least expensive enough to make it inefficient to take your blood (because they can take it from somebody else that doesn't require filtering). Organs are WAY more rare, so if you can get a ...
why do our voices get higher when speaking to people we don’t know well or just met?
<p> the aspect of speaking publicly whether it be in front of a group of unknown people, or a close group of friends, is what triggers the anxiety for the speaker. the speaker may be comfortable if they speak in front of a group of complete strangers, but when it comes to speaking in front of family/friends, their anxi...
Low pitch = big animal = more threatening. Higher pitch = smaller animal = less threatening. Using a higher pitch could indicate that you're not interested in posing a threat to the newcomer, creating a more welcoming atmosphere. I don't think this is 100% universal, however. It probably depends a lot on your sex and t...
what happens if i don't click "i accept" on these cookie-prompts on webpages?
<p> the problem occurs when a cookie stuffing site stuffs all its visitors with a batch of cookies in a scattergun approach. the genuine affiliate cookie may get overwritten and when the user visits the target affiliate site and completes a qualifying transaction, the cookie stuffer gets the credit instead of the origi...
Nothing happens, cookies are stored the moment you load the page. These banners are only there because the eu passed a law that makes it mandatory to inform users if the site is using cookies, which every site does
how does the iss stay in orbit?
<p> the iss serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology, and other fields. the station is suited for the testing of spacecraft systems and equipment required for missions to the moon and mars. the...
The ISS does require periodic "boosting" to maintain altitude, along with the occasional resupply mission to bring up more fuel.
why do students tend to separate by race in their teen years?
<p> consistent with the dictionary definition of peer groups, youth tend to form groups based on similarities. it has been found that one of these similarities is by race. preference for same race grows stronger as youth develop. when latino and caucasian youth were given surveys asking them to indicate who in their sc...
Most people are just more comfortable with people of similar cultures. I found people in my high school separated by wealth more so than skin color.
what limits mobile data speed and why?
<p> this means that, typically, data frames pass an 802.11 (wlan) medium, and are being converted to 802.3 (ethernet) or vice versa. due to the difference in the frame (header) lengths of these two media, the application's packet size determines the speed of the data transfer. this means applications that use small pac...
Most of the frequencies used on cell phones are locked in by the government, so we cant really use increased frequency to speed things up. Bandwidth is also already pretty wide and has little more to grow. If you look at the 4G protocol the peak bit rates are actually very high, 1Gbit per second. Obviously Our 4g phone...
how does a computer know how big a file is before it begins downloading?
<p> at any instant in time, a file might have a size, normally expressed as number of bytes, that indicates how much storage is associated with the file. in most modern operating systems the size can be any non-negative whole number of bytes up to a system limit. many older operating systems kept track only of the numb...
If you download via HTTP (a super-common way), then yes, there's a content-size header that the server can send to say how big the download will be. Not all downloads will have this header.
why i have to wait ten minutes to post another post on reddit.
<p> posts show up in google search results. however, most post types expire after seven days, no longer showing in search results at that time. there is one exception: event posts expire when the event date the post referenced has passed. <p> posts may be successfully published at first, but deleted or "unpublished" s...
Reddit throttles new posters. This means that (until you've built up some karma) you will have time limits posting multiple times. This is to discourage people from making a new account and using it to spam the site with posts.
why do movie and video game classical music soundtracks sound so much better than the famous classics?
<p> in the earliest years, filmi music was generally indian (classical carnatic, hindustani, and village folk) in inspiration; over the years, western elements have increased significantly. however, film soundtracks continue to be very diverse, sometimes fusing genres or reverting to entirely classical music. examples ...
they dont sound better objectively, many people (the majority even) prefer traditional music as for why you prefer it, it's probably because of nostalgia, when you hear a traditional classical piece you hear a good song, but when you hear the zelda theme you hear a good song + all the awesome memories you have of being...
compass/navigation experts
<p> the compass, a cross-staff or astrolabe, a method to correct for the altitude of polaris and rudimentary nautical charts were all the tools available to a navigator at the time of christopher columbus. in his notes on ptolemy's geography, johannes werner of nurenberg wrote in 1514 that the cross-staff was a very an...
If you are lost a compass will not help you out on its own. A compass will only tell you the direction you are facing and not the direction you should be heading in. To be able to navigate with a compass you also need a map and you need to know your position. On a map you can figure out what direction you want to walk ...
if fish are cold-blooded how do they move so quickly in ice-cold water?
<p> fish are cold-blooded, and in general their body temperature is the same as that of their surroundings. they gain and lose heat through their skin and during respiration and are able to regulate their circulation in response to changes in water temperature by increasing or reducing the blood flow to the gills. meta...
There are different methods depending on the fish species. Some are adapted to the colder water, their body's proteins most efficient at the lower temperature. They can idly swim and save energy for short bursts of speed when needed. Combine that with colder water often holding more oxygen and it can be quite the syste...
how can medical studies with very small sample sizes be deemed as credible?
<p> sample sizes may be evaluated by the quality of the resulting estimates. for example, if a proportion is being estimated, one may wish to have the 95% confidence interval be less than 0.06 units wide. alternatively, sample size may be assessed based on the power of a hypothesis test. for example, if we are comparin...
One reason is that the available group to sample is very small. Take, for example, a new chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. There are less than 500 new cases each year. Even if I go to a really populous area, there aren't that many people who have it to test on. The other reason is that the studies are extremely rigorous...
why, when copying files, is the progress bar always wildly inaccurate?
<p> because the backup is already halfway done and the index already copied, the backup will be written with the article data present, but with the index reference missing. as a result of the inconsistency, this file is considered corrupted. <p> apple file system is designed to avoid metadata corruption caused by syst...
Lol, I hate this! The first 99 percent takes 4 minutes; why does the last 1 percent take another 4 minutes? Do the programmers really have such a shitty understanding of math?
what happens to the colony when you trap/kill wasps?
<p> as with most wasp species, those in the genus "microstigmus" are predators. prey for the wasps can vary from flies to aphids. most of the time, the kill is performed with the powerful mandibles literally biting through the head of the prey causing either death or immobilization. social wasps will kill the prey and ...
I think they will first re-allocate surviving wasps from expanding the nest to feeding the babies (to replace the dead ones) But if you catch enough of them, the colony will not be able to feed itself, and will die. I doubt the queen can re-start a colony in mid-season. And some reading:
is the reporting of al jazeera reputable? can you compare the reporting bias to other popular us news sources?
<p> when al jazeera reported events featuring very graphic footage from inside iraq, al jazeera was described as anti-american and as inciting violence because it reported on issues concerning national security. <p> rushing laments about al jazeera's bias, and speculates why the network shows no photos of alleged iraq...
anybody here? haha
how and/or when did the egyptians, greeks, vikings, etc came up with the name of their gods?
<p> in the greek text, the names of gods are hephaestus and helios. apparently, the unknown russian translator tried to re-tell the entire story (set in egypt) by replacing the names of classical deities with those that were better known to his readers. it is uncertain to what extent the greek gods were thought to rese...
The Greek/Roman/Norse/Germanic gods developed alongside the languages. The names similarly changed. We do have texts written about all those gods in a phonographic alphabet so we know how they pronounced the names. For example Dyeus Phater (Day father or Light father) would be pronounced slightly differently in differe...
why does it seem black people are so much more athletic than white people?
<p> black people are stereotyped as being more athletic and better at sports compared to white people. even though african-americans make up only 12.4 percent of the u.s. population, seventy-five percent of nba players and sixty-five percent of nfl players are black. until 2010, all sprinters who had broken the 10-seco...
Genetically, black people tend to have more fast-twitch fibers than white people. Fast-twitch fibers are REALLY good at allowing your muscles to perform well at high impact explosive work - and is therefore perfect for activities such as sprinting which has obvious benefits in athletics, football, basketball, soccer, e...
does the principle of confidentiality between a doctor and a patient also holds in the other direction?
<p> confidentiality is commonly applied to conversations between doctors and patients. legal protections prevent physicians from revealing certain discussions with patients, even under oath in court. this physician-patient privilege only applies to secrets shared between physician and patient during the course of provi...
As an MD the answer is no. This allows the patient to attack the doctor, not only in the courts, but also in the press. The doctor can not refute the publicly aired allegations. This is not uncommon.
what is time where there is nothing to measure it by?
<p> time in physics is defined by its measurement: time is what a clock reads. in classical, non-relativistic physics it is a scalar quantity and, like length, mass, and charge, is usually described as a fundamental quantity. time can be combined mathematically with other physical quantities to derive other concepts su...
Light would be passing you, and the speed of the light arriving and moving past would define time for you.
how does telling video game cheaters what program they were detected with help them develop better cheats?
<p> players found several ways to cheat in the game. most often, two players resort to using a third-party instant messaging service in order to coordinate their moves outside of the in-game chat interface. other players developed more sophisticated methods, including running multiple sessions of the game and creating ...
If you log onto a game and you get busted cheating, and the game says "We tracked your mouse movements and they were always in a straight line from point to point, and at a constant speed, instead of having some curve in them and variation in speed, like a normal human would do it" then you would know to rewrite your c...
what it srs, all the drama surrounding it, and why pretty much all of reddit hates it?
<p> the srs was first published in 2010 and has been used by an increasing number of users since then (a current list of adopters is available on the srs website)). in 2014, a new version of the guidelines was published. findings from user workshops and phone consultations regarding the srs 2012 as well as feedback fro...
Because they claim to be calling out the worst parts of Reddit on ignorance on bigotry but in fact may be the most ignorant and bigoted subreddit in existence. They invent conflict and intent where it does not exist, they hypocritically make extremely disturbing and unfounded accusations and generalizations that are mo...
why is a mortgage only 30 years? why can't it be 60 years?
<p> depending on the size of the loan and the prevailing practice in the country the term may be short (10 years) or long (50 years plus). in the uk and u.s., 25 to 30 years is the usual maximum term (although shorter periods, such as 15-year mortgage loans, are common). mortgage payments, which are typically made mont...
They don't want your property, they want your money. Banks are in the business of loaning money, not real estate. Besides, who would want to be saddled with a mortgage their entire life? The whole point is to pay the thing off. 30 years is long enough to make the payments manageable. Edit: Proofreading
how do seasons work around the world? is it summer everywhere, or is it just summer on a part of the world?
<p> a season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology, and amount of daylight. on earth, seasons result from earth's orbit around the sun and earth's axial tilt relative to the ecliptic plane. in temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reac...
When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, it is winter in the southern hemisphere. When it is hot in the US, it is cold in Australia. When the days are long in the US, they are short in Australia. This is due to the tilted axis of the earth, resulting in the different hemispheres getting different amounts of sunlig...
why do snipers exhale before taking a shot?
<p> snipers are trained to squeeze the trigger straight back with the ball of their finger, to avoid jerking the gun sideways. the most accurate position is prone, with a sandbag supporting the stock, and the stock's cheek-piece against the cheek. in the field, a bipod can be used instead. sometimes a sling is wrapped ...
They actually exhale and during that time they take the shot. This is also accompanied by steadying the heart rate to time the exhale and shot between heart beats, the shot not the breath. It allows the sniper to take a steadier shot so not to move the barrel and make a more precise shot
why do i wake up with glop in my eyes?
<p> it transpires that blinky, who is in charge of the man's eyes, has neglected his duty by staying in bed. the other two numskulls burst into his department and force him out of bed. grumbling, blinky opens the man's eyes with a hand-crank whilst brainy and luggy stow his bedding in cabinets under the eyes. in the la...
Oddly enough, it's because your body temperature drops when you sleep. Your eyes need moisture to work correctly. But you don't want a constant stream of liquid running out of your eyes and down your face either. You would dehydrate pretty quickly if that was the case. So, to keep your eyes moist but not leak water eve...
what is the difference between the us midterm elections and primaries?
<p> states vie for earlier primaries to claim greater influence in the nomination process, as the early primaries can act as a signal to the nation, showing which candidates are popular and giving those who perform well early on the advantage of the bandwagon effect. also, candidates can ignore primaries that fall afte...
Primary elections are to determine who appears on the general election tickets. "Midterm" elections is a term for the general elections that aren't a presidential election year, typically the one two years before/after presidential election where some US Senators and all Representatives are up for election, along with ...
the conservative argument that obama has worsened race-relations in the us. while president
<p> conservative "the new york times" columnist bill kristol rejected obama's call for a discussion of race in america, saying: "the last thing we need now is a heated national conversation about race. ... 'national conversations' tend to be pointless and result-less." in contrast, liberal columnist frank rich said tha...
I'm not a conservative pundit but if I hat to guess I'd say that that conclusion is being reached from the fact that race-related violence and controversy has been in the news frequently over the past few years or so. Ferguson, Baltimore, etcetera. This sort of thing seems to have occurred with much more frequency over...
why does closing a door lessen the amount of sound that enters a room even though sound travels best through solids?
<p> a room can be said to have formants characteristic of that particular room, due to the way sound reflects from its walls and objects. room formants of this nature reinforce themselves by emphasizing specific frequencies and absorbing others, as exploited, for example, by alvin lucier in his piece "i am sitting in a...
Because sound will be lost when it goes from one medium to another(for example: from air to water). When you close a door, the sound has to make this ' medium shift ' twice: from the air to the door (solid), and from the door to the air.
why/how do some people pass out on amusement park rides and then wake up like it never happened?
<p> over the years, a number of incidents have occurred at the park, including some fatalities. has been the scene of two fatal incidents nearly identical in nature, where individuals were underneath the attraction while it was operational and were struck and killed by the train itself or by the riders' exposed legs. ...
G-force moves a not insignificant amount of blood away from the brain. How much it moves and how long the g-forces are sustained determine the degree to which you experience symptoms ranging from blurred or otherwise severely impaired vision, to blackout or even GLOC (completely unconscious). And, for your morbid readi...
if i ate way too many calories in one day, let's say 2000 more than usual (yes this is after holiday party shame...) how much of that turns to fat? meaning, about how much of the extra calories turns to fat? is some excreted??
<p> calories expended, however, changed little. accordingly, cutler posits that the 20 min average reduced time of food preparation has resulted in an average increase of 100 cal per day per individual. the extra 100 cal can largely account for a weight gain of 10-12 lb in the american population over the past 20 years...
The general rule of thumb is 3000 Cal's = 1 lbs. So as long as you go back to normal eating habits, not much if any.
computer architecture
<p> computer architecture, or digital computer organization, is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. it focuses largely on the way by which the central processing unit performs internally and accesses addresses in memory. the field often involves disciplines of computer engi...
Programming-wise, you will probably cover some assembly language (unless that was covered extensively in a previous class) since you need to understand the machine code that a processor is actually executing. But most of the time you will probably spend studying what is in a processor, and how things are done/what some...
what is it about potatoes that cause them to retain the heat of four suns as opposed to the other ingredients in the soup?
<p> wrapping the potato in aluminium foil before cooking in a standard oven will help to retain moisture, while leaving it unwrapped will result in a crisp skin. when cooking over an open fire or in the coals of a barbecue, it may require wrapping in foil to prevent burning of the skin. a potato buried directly in coal...
That starchy sponge soaks up lots of water. Not only is it insulated, but water has a very high specific heat, so they take longer to cool down than most of your soup.
how do news satellites stay out of orbit?
<p> there are five major components in a satellite system: the programming source, the broadcast center, the satellite, the satellite dish, and the receiver. "direct broadcast" satellites used for transmission of satellite television signals are generally in geostationary orbit above the earth's equator. the reason for...
They do indeed orbit. They are cleverly placed in an orbit that goes around at exactly the same speed as Earth's rotation, so their orbit stays over the same spot on the planet's surface.
knowing sleep paralysis is just a wonky out-of-sync body issue, why am i still scared after it's all over?
<p> sleep paralysis could lead the individual to acquire conditioned fear of the experience ("worry attacks"), resulting in more nighttime awakening and fragmented sleep (because of nocturnal arousal and hyper-alertness to symptoms of paralysis), making the person more likely to have sleep paralysis in the future. it i...
Having not experienced it myself, I don't think I can weigh in too well here... However, it's like just because I know the inner workings down to the chemical level of how a pistol works doesn't mean that I won't be jittery and scare for hours or days after a run-in in with a pistol toting 'bandit'. (the only word I co...
how does the buying, selling, and timing of tv commercials work and not affect other show's time slots?
<p> because a single television advertisement can be broadcast repeatedly over the course of weeks, months, and even years (the tootsie roll company has been broadcasting a famous advertisement that asks "how many licks does it take to get to the tootsie center of a tootsie pop?" for over three decades), television adv...
I can respond to the breaks part of your question. The shows have a TRT or total run time, and segment times, mid-break, and end break. These times are put into a computer and adjusted within a few seconds with :03 of bumpers to make up the total. There's a formula that's been used for years that the breaks averaged 2:...
why are cpu's so expensive?
<p> the prices of different pieces of graphics hardware vary due to the power and speed of the piece. most high end gaming pieces of hardware are dedicated graphics cards, and cost over $200, and can go as high as the price of a new computer, depending on the quality desired. in the graphics cards department, using int...
They are very hard to make. They are sandwiches of various metals and semiconductors formed into billions of microscopic structures which are sensitive to the faintest electrical impulses and impossibly complexly arranged so as to perform billions of mathematical operations in the blink of an eye, all in the space of a...
in court, why do you need to place your hand on the bible for the oath. also, say a jewish person went to court. would they place it on their holy book? what about atheists?
<p> the clerk then calls each juror individually to either affirm or to take the oath, reading from a printed card whilst, if taking an oath, holding a holy book in his right hand (new testament for those christians who will swear an oath; old testament for jews; or qur'an for muslims). some christians (notably quakers...
You don't, you are confusing it with sworn in for public offices (which you get to choose what book you use). In court you only have to say you swear to tell the truth.
how does rubbing ink off make it go away?
<p> the rubbings are created in uniform style using black wax and white fabric and great care is taken to clean the markers before rubbing and to avoid any damage during the rubbing process. the collection is ongoing and continually expanding. while many of the rubbings have been collected from markers in the united st...
You rubbed off a layer of dead skin containing the ink, that then clumps into a ball. Said ball is very tiny, because the layer of skin and ink are both very thin.
how can companies give away free products and still make money?
<p> not all offers that give the consumer something free with a particular purchase may be considered sales promotion. for example, a mobile phone deal that offers a free bluetooth headset may be considered as part of a package deal rather than a sales promotion. <p> examples of free goods are ideas and works that are...
Generally, people are risk ~~adverse~~ averse. If you need to make a purchase of something, you will generally go with something you know (or heard of) is decent versus something unknown. Free products help people "know" what is out there so in the future, they will purchase something they have tried and liked before o...
how can companies give away free products and still make money?
<p> not all offers that give the consumer something free with a particular purchase may be considered sales promotion. for example, a mobile phone deal that offers a free bluetooth headset may be considered as part of a package deal rather than a sales promotion. <p> examples of free goods are ideas and works that are...
It's a marketing expense... a company needs to spend $X on acquiring each customer. That could be by running TV ads, could be direct mail, could be coupons in the newspaper, could be banner ads, could be samples of their product. A company like Proctor & Gamble has many products that, once people begin to use them, the...
how can companies give away free products and still make money?
<p> not all offers that give the consumer something free with a particular purchase may be considered sales promotion. for example, a mobile phone deal that offers a free bluetooth headset may be considered as part of a package deal rather than a sales promotion. <p> examples of free goods are ideas and works that are...
The actual cost of *producing* those products is only a fraction of the cost the average consumer will usually end up paying for them. Meanwhile, marketing is actually a huge expense for businesses. i.e. Let's say a vibrator costs $10 to make. The company usually sells for $20. You get one for free - to you, it's a sav...
how can companies give away free products and still make money?
<p> not all offers that give the consumer something free with a particular purchase may be considered sales promotion. for example, a mobile phone deal that offers a free bluetooth headset may be considered as part of a package deal rather than a sales promotion. <p> examples of free goods are ideas and works that are...
I read an article years ago (on slashdot, I think) about Adobe. They knew college kids were pirating photoshop, but did nothing about it. The idea was turn turn them into photoshop users first. I pirated photoshop in college, but in my career I've bought around 25 copies of Adobe software.
why don't we have fully electronic medical records yet?
<p> the usage of electronic medical records can vary depending on who the user is and how they are using it. electronic medical records can help improve the quality of medical care given to patients. many doctors and office-based physicians refuse to get rid of the traditional paper records. harvard university has cond...
Electronic medical records technologies do exist, and the government has mandated that they be put in effect by 2015 (It may be 2017. My mind is a bit fuzzy. I need more coffee!) by any medical facility who wishes to take part in Medicare and Medicaid programs or to get other government funding. Many major hospitals ha...
how does eye black work?
<p> bullet::::- eye liner is used to enhance and elongate the apparent size or depth of the eye. for example, white eyeliner on the waterline and inner corners of the eye makes the eyes look bigger and more awake. it can come in the form of a pencil, a gel, or a liquid and can be found in almost any color. conversely, ...
Less light reflects off of black than lighter shades like skin tone. Combined with our tendency to sweat (and make our cheeks even more reflective), an unpainted cheek can push a lot of unwanted sunlight into your eye. Matte black strip fixes a lot of that.
- why is astronaut food so strange? it has no flavor whatsoever, and doesn't even taste like food.
<p> one effect of weightlessness on humans is that some astronauts report a change in their sense of taste when in space. some astronauts find that their food is bland, others find that their favorite foods no longer taste as good (one who enjoyed coffee disliked the taste so much on a mission that he stopped drinking ...
Astronaut food you get in science museums is just novelty dehydrated or freeze-dried food. It's generally not the same quality as what real astronauts eat, and some of the flavor and texture is lost when the food is freeze dried. Some of the original astronaut food was focused on just satisfying nutritional needs, flav...
law of independent assortment and law of segregation
<p> in u.s. law, particularly after "brown v. board of education" (1954), the difference between de facto segregation (segregation that existed because of the voluntary associations and neighborhoods) and de jure segregation (segregation that existed because of local laws that mandated the segregation) became important...
To sexually reproduce, (how most complex life has children), you need to mix half of your DNA (the instructions for how to make you) with half of your partners. Your body does this by making cells that only have half of your DNA in them (unlike every other cell that has all of it). Your partner does this too, and when ...
why do electronics usually require 2 batteries instead of just one bigger battery? ie: 2 aaa instead of 1 aa.
<p> aaa batteries are most often used in small electronic devices, such as tv remote controls, mp3 players and digital cameras. devices that require the same voltage, but have a higher current draw, are often designed to use larger batteries such as the aa battery type. aa batteries have about three times the capacity ...
It's to do with the voltages at play. The common battery sizes -- AAA, AA, C, and D -- are all 1.5V. If you connect two batteries in series, you increase the voltage. So, 2 AAA batteries have a total voltage of 3V, compared to a single AA battery with a voltage of 1.5V.
what exactly can be done to punish a corporation that breaks the law and doesn't pay a fine?
<p> bullet::::- justifies more severe penalties because it is necessary to overcome the higher burden of proof to establish criminal liability. but the high burden means that it is more difficult to secure a judgment than in the civil courts, and many corporations are cash-rich and so can pay apparently immense fines w...
You can organize people into a boycott and make a lot of noise about refusing to buy any of their products. Get the boycott big enough, and you can hurt their bottom line, which is realistically the only thing they care about. EDIT: I seem to have misread you post. Please ignore.
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
They're usually used for crowd control purposes. Being on a horse allows the officer more visibility while also being easier to spot for those who may need them. They're also used where a car just wouldn't be practical, like a wilderness areas or a very large grassy park, ex: Central Park in New York
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
In nEw Orleans we use them for crowd contol. You get the fuck out of the way when one of those huge horses start moving. I've also seen them form a wall. Pretty cool.
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
I used to wonder about this too. Then I was caught in a football riot, and saw a mass of hundreds controlled by just a few cops on horses. The sight of those beasts coming towards you in a row, slowly and inexorably, is awe-inspiring. I can't even imagine what having them galloping at you would do to you.
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
They've been a tried and tested way to control crowds for thousands of years. Ever tried fucking with someone on a horse who knows what he's doing?
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
This is why Notice the guy at the beginning and the guy at the end that are too slow to move. Turns out horses are pretty heavy and strong
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
Horses offer a number of benefits in city environments that make them an ideal partner in many situations. They allow a rider to sit up high for a better view of what's going on. They can turn around or maneuver in tighter spaces than a car could. Horses are great for dealing with crowds as well, because they're big an...
why do some cops in big cities like new york use horses?
<p> mounted police have been used since the 18th century, and still are used worldwide to control traffic and crowds, patrol public parks, keep order in processionals and during ceremonies and perform general street patrol duties. today, many cities still have mounted police units. in rural areas, horses are used by la...
Multiple reasons, some have already been mentioned in to comments, others haven't. Keep in mind that this is based on my experience working with this in Sweden. Mileage in other countries may vary. 1. Horses are less noisy and more approachable. People can come up and talk to the officer in a different way. 2. The hors...
the singularity is near?
<p> a coordinate singularity occurs when an apparent singularity or discontinuity occurs in one coordinate frame, which can be removed by choosing a different frame. an example is the apparent singularity at the 90 degree latitude in spherical coordinates. an object moving due north (for example, along the line 0 degre...
Advances in genetic engineering, nanotechnology and cybernetics, *it is presumed*, will cause drastic changes in how we live by the end of the century. You name it: land of plenty, immortality...so many changes, we can't even guess. That's the singularity,
how do websites know when i am logged in?
<p> some users may be tracked based on the ip address of the computer requesting the page. the server knows the ip address of the computer running the browser (or the proxy, if any is used) and could theoretically link a user's session to this ip address. <p> when a user opens a web page, his or her ip address and oth...
There's not a unique way, so it's different from site/system to site/system. In general, though, when you "log in", you establish some shared unique token that is tracked by the system in its "back-end" and the computer/device you use to log in. For instance, imagine that you're using your desktop PC to "log in" to a w...
how we can say the earth is tilted on it's axis, when it's a sphere?
<p> due to the combined effects of gravity and rotation, the figure of the earth (and of all planets) is not quite a sphere, but instead is slightly flattened in the direction of its axis of rotation. for that reason, in cartography the earth is often approximated by an oblate spheroid instead of a sphere. the current ...
What is meant by "tilted" is that the earth's axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the plane of its rotation around the sun.
how do printers print white when the cartidges only hold black, yellow, cyan & magenta ink?
<p> the cyan ink absorbs red light but transmits green and blue, the magenta ink absorbs green light but transmits red and blue, and the yellow ink absorbs blue light but transmits red and green. the white substrate reflects the transmitted light back to the viewer. because in practice the cmy inks suitable for printin...
They don’t print white. They leave the white areas blank, which leaves the white paper exposed. If you printed the same design on colored paper, the white areas would show up as that color.
the difference between routers, switches, access points
<p> layer 3 switching is solely based on (destination) ip address stored in the header of ip datagram (see layer 4 switching later on this page for the difference). the difference between a layer 3 switch and a router is the way the device is making the routing decision. traditionally, routers use microprocessors to ma...
For this example we will keep it simple. Routes are smart switches, they can assign IP addreses and handle local and internet traffic. Switches are not as smart as routers, they basically add more ports to your router, they allow more devices to access the functions of the router. however they can function independentl...
how does dopamine work in the brain on methamphetamine and other dopamine releasing chemicals?
<p> inside the brain, dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, and is controlled by a set of mechanisms common to all monoamine neurotransmitters. after synthesis, dopamine is transported from the cytosol into synaptic vesicles by a solute carrier—a vesicular monoamine transporter, vmat2. dopamine i...
Methamphetamine is a dopamine agonist, so when you take it you overflow the dopamine receptors amd get the corresponding reactions, just more intense. With frequent use the receptors cannot tolerate the constant "high" so they either diminish in number or grow less sensitive to dopamine. This leads to the need of incre...
how graduate school works.
<p> the graduate school oversees the post-bachelor's degree programs that are embedded within the college of arts & sciences and the four professional schools. the dean of the graduate school reports to the provost and collaborates with the deans of the various schools to ensure academic standards are enforced for thei...
In undergrad, you're taking classes in a variety of areas as well as classes specific to your specialization/major. You will generally have to have some basic understanding of math, science, literature, history, foreign language etc., in order to graduate. The proportion of general education requirements to major-speci...
what happened to tebow, why do nfl teams dislike him exactly?
<p> as a member of the denver broncos, he started the last three games of his rookie season and became the team's full-time starting quarterback beginning in the sixth game of 2011. the broncos were 1–4 before he became the starter, but began winning with him on the field, often coming from behind late in the fourth qu...
He just wasn't good enough. The NFL and college require different skill sets from their QBs. There is a lot of talent at QB in the NFL, and he just didn't make it up to their minimum standards. He had a poor sense of reading the play (very important in NFL, less important college), his passing was inaccurate (very impo...
why don't we get rid of parties?
<p> there are a number of reasons that an elected official, or someone seeking office, might choose to switch parties. one reason is ethical obligation when the person has views that are no longer aligned with those of the current party. <p> another disadvantage of the system is that it affords a "foot dragging party,...
What do you mean, "get rid of parties"? We obviously can't make it illegal for people to form political advocacy groups, so how do you plan to do this?
what's the deal with italian leather vs leather from any other country?
<p> this leather was a major export good from russia in the 17th and 18th centuries because of its high quality, its usefulness for a range of purposes, and the difficulty of replicating its manufacture elsewhere. it was an important item of trade for the muscovy company. <p> most leatherwork can be found in ejutla de...
It's simply a matter of Italy being famous for high quality leather production and subsequently high quality leather products when compared to other regions that produce leather. Typically, high quality Italian leather is made by hand with natural vegetable and plant extracts as opposed to the automated mass production...
what happens if evidence is obtained, illegally, that someone is a criminal?
<p> fbi agents cannot legally store dna of a person not convicted of a crime. dna collected from a suspect not later convicted must be disposed of and not entered into the database. in 1998, a man residing in the uk was arrested on accusation of burglary. his dna was taken and tested, and he was later released. nine mo...
Assuming you're in a US court, and the evidence was obtained by the police (as opposed to a third party, and then given to the police), it will typically not be admissible as evidence in a trial. Further, if that evidence leads to finding more evidence, that evidence will also not be allowed (known as the "fruit of the...
does long grass or cut grass require more water to sustain itself?
<p> a grassed waterway reduces soil erosion and captures most nutrients and pesticides that would normally wash out of crop fields and into major waters. these waterways help to carry surface water at a non-erosive velocity to an area where it will have a stable outlet. outlets must be adequate enough to allow water to...
That depends on the relative humidity of the air and the weather. In bright days, the broader leaf will tend to consume more water - photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2. However, on dry days, the air will naturally manage to pull more moisture from the cut while it heals. These two factors will balance to giv...
how come a burglar, who gets hurt while robbing a house, can sue the owner and win?
<p> burglary can also be committed in "part of a building" and in r v walkington 1979 1 wlr 1169 the defendant had entered a large shop during trading hours but went behind a counter and put his hand in an empty till. the court held that he had entered that part of the building normally reserved for staff as a trespass...
First, this is actually very rare. It is extremely uncommon that a burglar is actually able to sue for injuries they suffer. (partly because of the law, and partly because juries aren't especially sympathetic to burglars) No "unknown and unforeseen." trespasser can ever sue for damages based on some accident on the pro...
how come a burglar, who gets hurt while robbing a house, can sue the owner and win?
<p> burglary can also be committed in "part of a building" and in r v walkington 1979 1 wlr 1169 the defendant had entered a large shop during trading hours but went behind a counter and put his hand in an empty till. the court held that he had entered that part of the building normally reserved for staff as a trespass...
They usually can't, stories about them doing that are usually turn out to be urban legends. The only time the homeowner is responsible is if there is some extreme hazard in their house, like a trap designed to maim a burglar. If a burglar trips over a roller skate and falls down a flight of stairs, they are out of luck...