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In the Cold War years, Lincoln's image shifted to a symbol of freedom who brought hope to those oppressed by Communist regimes. By the late 1960s, some African-American intellectuals, led by Lerone Bennett Jr., rejected Lincoln's role as the Great Emancipator. Bennett won wide attention when he called Lincoln a white s... |
By the 1970s, Lincoln had become a hero to political conservatives, apart from neo-Confederates such as Mel Bradford who denounced his treatment of the white South, for his intense nationalism, support for business, his insistence on stopping the spread of human bondage, his acting in terms of Lockean and Burkean princ... |
Historian Barry Schwartz wrote in 2009 that Lincoln's image suffered "erosion, fading prestige, benign ridicule" in the late 20th century. On the other hand, Donald opined in his 1996 biography that Lincoln was distinctly endowed with the personality trait of negative capability, defined by the poet John Keats and attr... |
In the 21st century, President Barack Obama named Lincoln his favorite president and insisted on using the Lincoln Bible for his inaugural ceremonies. Lincoln has often been portrayed by Hollywood, almost always in a flattering light. |
Memory and memorials |
Lincoln's portrait appears on two denominations of United States currency, the penny and the $5 bill. His likeness also appears on many postage stamps. While he is usually portrayed bearded, he did not grow a beard until 1860 at the suggestion of 11-year-old Grace Bedell. He was the first of five presidents to do so. |
He has been memorialized in many town, city, and county names, including the capital of Nebraska. The United States Navy is named after Lincoln, the second Navy ship to bear his name. |
Lincoln Memorial is one of the most visited monuments in the nation's capital, and is one of the top five visited National Park Service sites in the country. Ford's Theatre, among the top sites in Washington, D.C., is across the street from Petersen House (where he died). Memorials in Springfield, Illinois include Abra... |
See also |
Outline of Abraham Lincoln |
Grace Bedell |
Lincoln Tower |
List of civil rights leaders |
List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln |
Lincoln (film): 2012 film by Steven Spielberg. |
Linconia, a proposed colony in Central America named for Lincoln |
Notes |
References |
Bibliography |
Ellenberg's essay is adapted from his 2021 book, Shape: The Hidden Geometry of Information, Biology, Strategy, Democracy, and Everything Else, Penguin Press. ISBN 9781984879059 |
External links |
Official |
Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum |
The Lincoln Presidential Library's ongoing digitization of all documents written by or to Abraham Lincoln during his lifetime |
Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln – complete collected works as edited by Basler et al. (1958) – an online edition available through University of Michigan Library Digital Collections |
White House biography |
Organizations |
Abraham Lincoln Association |
Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Foundation |
Media coverage |
Other |
Abraham Lincoln: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress |
"Life Portrait of Abraham Lincoln", from C-SPAN's American presidents: Life Portraits, June 28, 1999 |
"Writings of Abraham Lincoln" from C-SPAN's American Writers: A Journey Through History |
Abraham Lincoln: Original Letters and Manuscripts – Shapell Manuscript Foundation |
Lincoln/Net: Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project – Northern Illinois University Libraries |
Teaching Abraham Lincoln – National Endowment for the Humanities |
In Popular Song: Our Noble Chief Has Passed Away by Cooper/Thomas |
Abraham Lincoln Recollections and Newspaper Articles Collection , McLean County Museum of History |
Digitized items in the Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana in the Rare Book and Special Collections Division in the Library of Congress |
1809 births |
1865 deaths |
1865 murders in the United States |
19th-century American politicians |
19th-century presidents of the United States |
American abolitionists |
American colonization movement |
American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law |
American military personnel of the Indian Wars |
American militia officers |
American nationalists |
American people of English descent |
American political party founders |
Illinois postmasters |
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