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Other systems |
In phonetic and phonemic notation: |
in the International Phonetic Alphabet, is used for the open front unrounded vowel, is used for the open central unrounded vowel, and is used for the open back unrounded vowel. |
in X-SAMPA, is used for the open front unrounded vowel and is used for the open back unrounded vowel. |
Other uses |
In algebra, the letter a along with various other letters of the alphabet is often used to denote a variable, with various conventional meanings in different areas of mathematics. Moreover, in 1637, René Descartes "invented the convention of representing unknowns in equations by x, y, and z, and knowns by a, b, and c",... |
In geometry, capital A, B, C etc. are used to denote segments, lines, rays, etc. A capital A is also typically used as one of the letters to represent an angle in a triangle, the lowercase a representing the side opposite angle A. |
"A" is often used to denote something or someone of a better or more prestigious quality or status: A-, A or A+, the best grade that can be assigned by teachers for students' schoolwork; "A grade" for clean restaurants; A-list celebrities, etc. Such associations can have a motivating effect, as exposure to the letter A... |
"A" is used as a prefix on some words, such as asymmetry, to mean "not" or "without" (from Greek). |
In English grammar, "a", and its variant "an", is an indefinite article, used to introduce noun phrases. |
Finally, the letter A is used to denote size, as in a narrow size shoe, or a small cup size in a brassiere. |
Related characters |
Descendants and related characters in the Latin alphabet |
Æ æ : Latin AE ligature |
A with diacritics: Å å Ǻ ǻ Ḁ ḁ ẚ Ă ă Ặ ặ Ắ ắ Ằ ằ Ẳ ẳ Ẵ ẵ Ȃ ȃ Â â Ậ ậ Ấ ấ Ầ ầ Ẫ ẫ Ẩ ẩ Ả ả Ǎ ǎ Ⱥ ⱥ Ȧ ȧ Ǡ ǡ Ạ ạ Ä ä Ǟ ǟ À à Ȁ ȁ Á á Ā ā Ā̀ ā̀ Ã ã Ą ą Ą́ ą́ Ą̃ ą̃ A̲ a̲ ᶏ |
Phonetic alphabet symbols related to A (the International Phonetic Alphabet only uses lowercase, but uppercase forms are used in some other writing systems): |
Ɑ ɑ : Latin letter alpha / script A, which represents an open back unrounded vowel in the IPA |
ᶐ : Latin small letter alpha with retroflex hook |
Ɐ ɐ : Turned A, which represents a near-open central vowel in the IPA |
Λ ʌ : Turned V (also called a wedge, a caret, or a hat), which represents an open-mid back unrounded vowel in the IPA |
Ɒ ɒ : Turned alpha / script A, which represents an open back rounded vowel in the IPA |
ᶛ : Modifier letter small turned alpha |
ᴀ : Small capital A, an obsolete or non-standard symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet used to represent various sounds (mainly open vowels) |
A a ᵄ : Modifier letters are used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (UPA) (sometimes encoded with Unicode subscripts and superscripts) |
a : Subscript small a is used in Indo-European studies |
ꬱ : Small letter a reversed-schwa is used in the Teuthonista phonetic transcription system |
Ꞻ ꞻ : Glottal A, used in the transliteration of Ugaritic |
Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations |
ª : an ordinal indicator |
Å : Ångström sign |
∀ : a turned capital letter A, used in predicate logic to specify universal quantification ("for all") |
@ : At sign |
₳ : Argentine austral |
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets |
𐤀 : Semitic letter Aleph, from which the following symbols originally derive |
Α α : Greek letter Alpha, from which the following letters derive |
А а : Cyrillic letter A |
: Coptic letter Alpha |
𐌀 : Old Italic A, which is the ancestor of modern Latin A |
: Runic letter ansuz, which probably derives from old Italic A |
: Gothic letter aza/asks |
Ա ա : Armenian letter Ayb |
Computing codes |
1 |
Other representations |
Notes |
Footnotes |
References |
External links |
History of the Alphabet |
ISO basic Latin letters |
Vowel letters Alabama () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered by Tennessee to the north; Georgia to the east; Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south; and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of of i... |
Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie" and the "Cotton State". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery, and its largest city by population and area is Huntsville. Its oldest city ... |
Originally home to many native tribes, present-day Alabama was a Spanish territory beginning in the sixteenth century until the French acquired it in the early eighteenth century. The British won the territory in 1763 until losing it in the American Revolutionary War. Spain held Mobile as part of Spanish West Florida u... |
In the early 20th century, despite the growth of major industries and urban centers, white rural interests dominated the state legislature through the mid-20th century. During this time, urban interests and African Americans were markedly under-represented. High-profile events such as the Selma to Montgomery march made... |
The state's geography is diverse, with the north dominated by the mountainous Tennessee Valley and the south by Mobile Bay, a historically significant port. Politically, as part of the Deep South, Alabama is predominantly a conservative state, and culturally is known for its Southern culture. Within Alabama, American f... |
Etymology |
The European-American naming of the Alabama River and state was derived from the Alabama people, a Muskogean-speaking tribe whose members lived just below the confluence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers on the upper reaches of the river. In the Alabama language, the word for a person of Alabama lineage is (or variou... |
Sources disagree on the word's meaning. Some scholars suggest the word comes from the Choctaw (meaning 'plants' or 'weeds') and (meaning 'to cut', 'to trim', or 'to gather'). The meaning may have been 'clearers of the thicket' or 'herb gatherers', referring to clearing land for cultivation or collecting medicinal pla... |
An 1842 article in the Jacksonville Republican proposed it meant 'Here We Rest'. This notion was popularized in the 1850s through the writings of Alexander Beaufort Meek. Experts in the Muskogean languages have not found any evidence to support such a translation. |
History |
Pre-European settlement |
Indigenous peoples of varying cultures lived in the area for thousands of years before the advent of European colonization. Trade with the northeastern tribes by the Ohio River began during the Burial Mound Period (1000BCE700CE) and continued until European contact. |
The agrarian Mississippian culture covered most of the state from 1000 to 1600 CE, with one of its major centers built at what is now the Moundville Archaeological Site in Moundville, Alabama. This is the second-largest complex of the classic Middle Mississippian era, after Cahokia in present-day Illinois, which was th... |
Among the historical tribes of Native American people living in present-day Alabama at the time of European contact were the Cherokee, an Iroquoian language people; and the Muskogean-speaking Alabama (Alibamu), Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Koasati. While part of the same large language family, the Muskogee tribes dev... |
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