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The following constitutes approximately 75% of total immunoglobin in humans - | IgG is the main serum immunoglobulin consisting of 80% of the total. equally distributed between intravascular and extravascular compaments. The normal serum concentration of IgG is about 8-16 mg per ml. Reference : Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 96, <\p> | 1 | IgG | IgM | IgE | IgA | Microbiology | Immunology | f5f6aeb5-8fff-4160-925f-0875372168c8 | single |
A 3 year old girl presents with recurrent UTI. On USG shows hydronephrosis with filling defect and negative shadow of bladder with no ectopic orifice? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ureterocele | 3 | Vesicoureteric reflux | Hydronephrosis | Ureterocele | Sacrococcygeal teratoma | Surgery | null | 8d8cf932-bc91-4a44-9af5-667f7b655521 | single |
Which of the following is retroperitoneal? | Ans: b) PancreasDuring development some organs grow into the peritoneal cavity and become intraperitoneal. Eg: Stomach, small intestine, liver, spleenSome organs develop behind the peritoneum and are called retroperitoneal organs like ureters and kidneySecondarily retroperitoneal organs are part of gastrointestinal tra... | 2 | Small intestine | Pancreas | Appendix | Esophagus | Anatomy | Peritoneum & GI Tract | ef056507-3126-4e7f-86bd-cc1b4c205abe | multi |
Osmotic pressure of 1 mol of ideal solute relative to pure water is: | 1 mol of an ideal solute dissolved in 1000g of water (a 1m or molal solution) at 1 atm pressure yield a solution whose osmotic pressure relative to pure water is 22.4atm (250C). Ref: Principles of Medical Physiology by Sabyasachi Sircar, 2008/2-22 | 3 | 2.5 atm | 5.2 atm | 22.4 atm | 15.2 atm | Physiology | null | 3cad1872-43eb-4d89-9fca-34acc5d5af6b | single |
Person had severe pruritis while taking hot shower and presents with deep vein thrombosis. He also had JAK 2 mutation and hypeension. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis of this patient? | The presence of JAK2 mutation indicates that it is an example of Myeloproliferative disorder. Polycythemia vera is strongly associated with activating point mutations in the tyrosine kinase JAK2. Clinical features: Headache, dizziness, hypeension,Intense pruritus and peptic ulceration possibly resulting from the releas... | 2 | Myelofibrosis | Polycythemia Vera | CML | AML | Pathology | Myeloproliferative Disorders | 1c918bd3-3efb-4a50-9b91-2ca1ac47399a | single |
A 70 kg man was given a drug with dose of 100 mg/ kg bd. wt. t'/2 is 10 hours, plasma conc" is 1.9 mg/ml clearance is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0.22 L/hr | 4 | 0-02 liter/hr | 20 liter/hr | K is 0.0693 | 0.22 L/hr | Pharmacology | null | 0073d328-e4a7-42fe-9197-74aafc728830 | single |
Borchardt&;s triad of acute epigastric pain, violent retching and inability to pass a nsogastric tube is seen in patients with | A volvulus is a twisting or axial rotation of a poion of bowel about its mesentery. When complete it forms a closed loop of obstruction with resultant ischaemia secondary to vascular occlusion. Ref: Bailey & Love&;s Sho Practice of Surgery,E25,Page-1193 | 2 | Achalasia cardia | Acute gastric volvulus | Jejunogastric intussusception | Hitus hernia | Surgery | G.I.T | 55ce2d92-1b93-4744-8d3a-2d5d55618c7b | single |
Drug amphotericin B is used for treatment of : | null | 2 | Sleeping sickness | Kala azar | Malaria | Filaria | Pharmacology | null | ebad93f1-652e-4ade-b06f-12b2fffa98bf | single |
Which of the following statements is not true about use of silica in the investment materials? | Silica exists in at least four allotropic forms: quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, and fused quartz.
When quartz, tridymite, or cristobalite is heated, a change in crystalline form occurs at a transition temperature characteristic of the particular form of silica. For example, when quartz is heated, it inverts (transfo... | 4 | It acts as refractory | It regulates thermal expansion | Quartz and cristobalite are the allotropic form used in dental investments | Beta allotropic form is stable below transition temperature | Dental | null | 600de970-bed3-4d4a-ad4b-67494bdaa1ce | multi |
For a 8 year old child with TMJ ankylosis, the treatment of choice is | null | 3 | Gap arthroplasty | Condylectomy | Gap arthroplasty with costochondral grafting | Treatment not required | Surgery | null | 3b5a9738-271e-46f3-bf9c-c8578fd9db4e | single |
Pseudobubo seen in: | Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Lymphogranuloma inguinale | 3 | Chancroid | Syphilis | Lymphogranuloma inguinale | Lymphogranuloma venerum | Microbiology | null | cf62c8a8-b1fc-4b8e-8380-ceaf852a8e15 | single |
A 10 year old child is always restless, inattentive to study and always wants to play outsite. Parents are extremely distressed. What would you advise - | This child is having symptoms of ADHD :- restless, inattentive to study, and uncontrolled desire to play outside. "The ADHD is a serious disorder that affects a child's ability to be successful in school and subsequently in a way that can limit success in life". ____________ BK Puri 4th/e 379
"Pharmacological treatment... | 3 | It is a normal behaviour | Behaviour therapy | It is a serious illness requires medical treatment | Needs change in environment | Psychiatry | null | 0ae3af4d-a714-4ec7-96c0-ef9f210f14ad | single |
Ileocecal tuberculosis presents with all except – | Characteristically ulcers tend to be descrete and transverse or star shaped (stellate) with elevated margin, in contrast to Crohn's disease in which ulcers are longitudinal. | 4 | Rapid emptying of narrowed terminal ileum | Inverted umbrella sign | Stellate ulcer with elevated margins | Longitudinal ulcers are more common | Radiology | null | 602c5858-61ec-43e2-87ac-eb85628c8379 | multi |
The ability of an alloy to withstand mechanical stresses without permanent deformation is reflected by its: | Elastic strain—Amount of deformation that is recovered instantaneously when an externally applied force or pressure is reduced or eliminated.
Strain may be either elastic, plastic, elastic and plastic, or viscoelastic.
Elastic strain is reversible. The object fully recovers its original shape when the force is removed... | 2 | Resilience | Elastic limit/Elastic strain | Hardness | Fatigue resistance | Dental | null | 8cf479e8-8715-41b0-b0e2-c505257f301d | multi |
All are features of hemolytic anemia, except ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increase haptoglobulin | 3 | Hemoglobinuria | Jaundice | Increased haptoglobulin | Hemosiderinuria | Pathology | null | 66fe5c3e-1d14-4cb7-b707-7e904fa4844e | multi |
Expressed emotionality is related to - | Many studies have indicated that in families with high levels of expressed emotion, the relapse rate for schizophrenia is high. | 2 | Depression | Schizophrenia | Mania | Somatiform disorder | Psychiatry | null | a45e212c-537c-4391-92b6-ebc83e5e582b | single |
"Stag horn stones" are composed of - | (A) (Triple phosphate) (1292 - Baily and Love 26th)80% patients with nephrolithiasis from calcium stone (Primarily of calcium oxalate or less commonly calcium phosphate)."Ureteric colic" - typically the patient is sized with sudden pain starting in the waist and radiating down to testis growing or inner side of thigh (... | 1 | Triple phosphate | Oxalates | Uric acid | Cystine | Surgery | Kidney & Ureturs | cefac172-a450-4b53-bd97-2b8e6a6fe6d0 | single |
Botulinum toxin produces skeletal muscle paralysis by : | null | 2 | Enhancing release of norepinephrine | Inhibiting release of acetylcholine | Direct damage to nerve endings | Producing hemolysis | Pharmacology | null | 7948d26d-b9b6-452f-bebe-651ddf401f37 | single |
For treatment of the ectopic-vesicle, which of the following bone is divided to reach the site - | null | 2 | Pubic rami | Iliac bone | Ischium bone | Symphysis | Surgery | null | a99233f2-e269-4315-b8fc-86c223e1b3d0 | single |
Auditory fatigue is seen at | Auditory fatigue occurs at 90dB, 4000Hz. 90dB for 8hour a day for 5weeks is the maximum safe limit. (Ref: Diseases of EAR, NOSE AND THROAT by PL DHINGRA - 6th Edition) | 1 | 90 dB, 4000Hz | 110 dB, 4000Hz | 130 dB, 4000Hz | 150 dB, 4000Hz | ENT | Ear | 29a34b1e-a2cb-45cf-b05c-ccd5aa4f1c3e | single |
Adenosine deaminase deficiency results in:- | null | 2 | Common variable immunodeficiency | Severe combined immunodeficiency | Chronic granulomatous disease | Check syndrome | Unknown | null | 5ee766f5-b712-41c8-96cc-f649cea44488 | single |
All of the following decreases the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) except | Following decreases the risk of Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC)
Antenatal Steroids
Lactoferrin is breast milk ⇒ ↓ Production of Pro - inflammation cytokines
Probiotis like Bifidobacterium
L - Arginine which is substrate for NO helps in Vasodilation. | 4 | Lacto ferrin | Probiotics | L - arginine | Lipoprotein lipase | Pediatrics | null | e87ab7a7-00fb-43d0-9e5f-d61b921b43e0 | multi |
Scrub typhus caused by R-tsutsugamushi is transmitted by? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., ChiggerScrub typhus is the most widespread Rickettsial disease.It is caused by R. tsutsugamushi (orientia tsutsugamushi) and the vector of its transmission is trombiculid mite (Leptotrombidium delinese and L. akamushi). | 2 | Flea | Chigger | Tick | Mosquito | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | e5595481-ee83-4e15-aea3-dda9bcee3927 | single |
Epidemiological study with population as a unit of study- | Ans. 'a' i.e., Ecological study * Ecological study is an epidemiological study in which the unit of analysis is a population rather than an individual.* Therefore, ecological study utilizes data at the population level rather than the individual level. StudyUnit of study1.Observational studies A) Descriptive studies (f... | 1 | Ecological study | Cohort study | Case reference study | Experimental study | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 7e08e9c2-5c49-42a2-b075-a9a365a51265 | single |
Misoprostol is a : | Natural prostaglandin in body is PGE2 whereas misoprostol and alprostadil are synthetic PGs which are PGE1 analogs. | 1 | Prostaglandin E1 analogue | Prostaglandin E2 analogue | Prostaglandin antagonist | Antiprogestin | Pharmacology | null | c9d0404f-ad46-42d4-b55b-9cf05915e10f | single |
Aplastic anemia is seen in all of the following except: | Answer is C (Hepatitis A) Aplastic anemia is associated with Non-A, Non-B, Non-C, Hepatitis and not with Hepatitis A Parvovirus B19, HIV-1, Chloramphenicol and PNH are all associated with Aplastic anemia. | 3 | PNH | Chloramphenicol | Hepatitis A | HIV- I | Medicine | null | b39235eb-2bfd-41ae-98e0-258b023845e9 | multi |
All the following muscle are innervated by the facial nerve except: | Facial Nerve Supplies Facial muscles except levator palpebrae Superioris (Which is supplied by 3rd nerve).Posterior belly of DigastricStapediusAuricular musclesOccipto FrontalisPlatysmaStylohyoid | 2 | Occipito-frontalis | Anterior belly of digastric | Risorius | Procerus | ENT | null | 69aafe5a-3482-43e6-ad68-020f9027c92a | multi |
Source of ATP in RBCs is? | Ans. (c) Anaerobic glycolysisRef. Harper's Biochemistry 27/e Chapter 51 | 3 | Beta oxidation of fatty acids | TCA cycle | Anaerobic glycolysis | Gluconeogensis | Biochemistry | Glycolysis | 243b10ff-ca89-466a-8c64-f2b81a848ecc | single |
Frontal eye field Area is | Frontal eye field ( Area 8): Located in middle frontal gyrus in front of premotor area Conjugate detion of eyes to opposite side. Destructive lesions result in eyes looking towards the side of lesion. | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 41 | Anatomy | All India exam | 9faa8b21-c39f-4b7d-98ff-9885d6a9651c | single |
Function of infliximab used in Crohn&;s is | Infliximab, a chimeric IgG1 antibody against TNF-a, is approved for treatment of moderately to severely active UC.Infliximab is also effective in CD patients with refractory perianal and enterocutaneous fistulasAdalimumab and ceolizumab, golimumab are other Anti-TNF therapies approved for IBDInfliximab is also approved... | 1 | Inhibit TNF-a | Inhibit IL-2 | EGFR inhibitor | Inhibit VEGF | Medicine | G.I.T | f6b5efe5-4989-4580-9f67-4d1c396f3746 | single |
Antigen presenting cells are all of the following EXCEPT:- | . Astrocytes | 1 | Astrocytes | Endothelial cells | Epithelial cells | Langerhans cells | Pathology | null | 12b13b36-e459-4373-973b-587dce1835b1 | multi |
Absolute indication of enucleation is: | Ans. Intraocular retinoblastoma | 1 | Intraocular retinoblastoma | Endophthalmitis | Mutilating ocular injury | All of the above | Ophthalmology | null | 255fdccc-9acc-4513-80b1-ff6923e48bb7 | multi |
The X-ray which are mostly like to be absorbed by the
tissues and produce an injury: | null | 1 | X-rays of long wavelength | X-rays of short wavelength | Filtered X-rays | Central rays | Radiology | null | 7f26c44a-39cf-4b99-b81e-72dd2f31058b | single |
What is thelUCD of choice in women with menorrhagia? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Progesterone containing IUCD | 4 | Lippe's loop | Copper-T 200 | Copper-T 3 8 OA | Progesterone containing IUCD | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | ea6216af-98f1-4e90-94a2-43aae123a3a4 | single |
Sexual perversion in which one has the desire to see other person/wife having sex with others is? | Ans is 'c' i.e. Voyeurism * Watching sexual activity of other people or the body parts of members of opposite sex is k/a Voyeurism. | 3 | Sadism | Exhibitionism | Voyeurism | Fetishism | Psychiatry | Sexual Disorders | 0bcd69cd-8f3b-49ec-9ad8-fce3d833bd0e | single |
First investigation to be done in Hyphema is | First investigation to be done in Hyphema is Tonometry to detect raised Intraocular pressure. | 3 | Slit lamp examination | B scan | Tonometry | Funduscopy | Ophthalmology | null | 55e96f50-5260-4c01-a89a-80b7c866b436 | single |
Hypothermia is used in – a) Hyperpyrexiab) Prolonged surgeriesc) Massive blood transfusiond) Hypertension | null | 3 | ac | a | ab | bc | Anaesthesia | null | 45d09fa4-318d-48b1-a1ae-f26e1daac449 | single |
Most common site for metastasis in choriocarcinoma | null | 1 | Lungs | Brain | Liver | Spine | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | cf758358-bca8-491e-ad62-8ec786359fb5 | single |
Neurovascular bundle in each intercostal space comprises of | (D) All of the above> Neurovascular bundle in each intercostal space comprises of:-> Intercostal nerve> Posterior intercostal vein> Posterior intercostal artery | 4 | Intercostal nerve | Posterior intercostal vein | Posterior intercostal artery | All of the above | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous | 7a87abd6-a7f5-4869-b5a6-53d112cee80f | multi |
Most common mode of lead poisoning | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Inhalation Lead poisoning (plumbism) may occur in 3 ways : ? 1) Inhalation - Most cases of industrial lead poisoning is due to inhalation of fumes and dust of lead or its compounds. 2) Ingestion - Small quantities of lead trapped in the upper respiratory tract may be ingested. Contaminated hands may a... | 3 | Ingestion | Dermally | Inhalation | Through conjuctiva | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 9f11b9c6-56df-4db6-a795-2c677af7054e | multi |
The following are discussion methods under group approach to health communication Except | Lectures and demonstrations are one-way approaches.Discussion methods include Group discussion. Panel discussion, Symposium, workshop, conferences, Seminars, RoleplayPark 23e: Health education | 3 | Seminar | Role play | Demonstrations | Group discussion | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease | 104f60f6-4e80-4eee-9e06-4f623eeef5d0 | multi |
Cyclin D1 translocation is seen in
? | Mantle cell lymphoma is characterized by t(11,14) it places the cyclin D1 gene next to IgH enhancer gene. Among lymphomas, cyclin D1 expression is very specific for Mantle cell lymphoma. | 2 | Follicular lymphoma | Mantle cell lymphoma | Hodgkin lymphoma | Melanoma | Pathology | null | 0ca72294-1b4a-4469-9d1f-e942d146367d | single |
Breast cref:SRB&;s manual of surgery,ed 3,pg no onservation surgery NOT advised in | .Indications Contraindications of breast conservation surgery are as follows * Lump < 4 cm * Tumour > 4 cm * Clinically negative axillary nodes * Positive axillary nodes > N1 * Mammographically detected lesion * Tumour margin is not free of tumour after breast * Well differentiated tumour with low S phase conservative ... | 1 | Lobular Ca | Ductal Ca. in situ | Early breast Ca. | Screening detected Ca. | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast | c7ddd3de-6e51-467a-a780-0ef234fab5a9 | single |
A female suffering from psychosis, taking phenothiazines now complains of sudden onset of high grade fever, muscle rigidity and altered sensorium. The diagnosis is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Neuroleptic malignant syndrome o History of intake of antipsychotic drugs and high grade fever, muscle rigidity, altered sensorium suggests Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. | 2 | Malignant hypehermia | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | Tardive dyskinesia | Akathesia | Pharmacology | null | 574b4bc5-de84-4674-9222-b11d90ef436c | single |
Rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis:- | Catecholamines are epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. L-DOPA is the precursor of all catecholamines The diagram given below shows the synthesis of L-DOPA and the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis is tyrosine hydroxylase. | 3 | Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase | Dopadecarboxylase | Tyrosine hydroxylase | Tryptophan decarboxylase A | Biochemistry | Phenylalanine and Tyrosine metabolism Detail | e0587b47-6871-4ac6-bc51-425a6982ad6b | multi |
The cornea receives all its nutrition from-(PGI 85) | Ans: D-Aqueous humor.The cornea has unmyelinated nerve endings sensitive to touch, temperature and chemicals; a touch of the cornea causes an involuntary reflex to close the eyelid. Because transparency is of prime importance the cornea does not have blood vessels; it receives nutrients via diffusion from the tear flui... | 4 | Corneal vessels | Atmosphere | Iris | Aqueous humor | Unknown | null | 51f628fd-16ad-4c26-8848-79227af4279f | multi |
Ramu, an 8-year old boy presented with pain in the arm. On x-ray, his upper end of humerus demonstrates an expansile lesion in the metaphysis with breach of the overlying cortex. Most likely diagnosis is - | Here the diagnosis is aneurysmal bone cyst because the overlying cortex is breeched, which is not seen in unicameral bone cyst. | 1 | Aneurysmal bone cyst | Unicameral bone cyst | Chondroblastoma | Osteoclastoma | Orthopaedics | null | 4cbebfaa-80b4-46c4-b247-6349ab7d26e7 | single |
The trigeminal ganglion is | null | 3 | A motor and sensory ganglion of trigeminal nerve | Made up of unipolar and bipolar cells | Homologous with the dorsal root ganglion | Receives the motor root at its posterior concavity | Anatomy | null | c4d8c032-3e9a-411b-89a0-539fd93e839a | single |
A patient with stab injury to anterior abdomen presents with a tag of amentum protruding the abdominal wall near the umbilicus. On evaluation he is hemodynamically stable and shows no signs of peritonitis. Initial management of patient should involve | In Hemodynamically stable pts IOC - CECT | 4 | FAST | Exploratory Laparotomy | Local wound Exploration and suturing | CECT Abdomen | Surgery | null | 2a3040ba-0e51-4936-a5b9-c15f40001190 | multi |
The positive inotropic effect of digitalyzers is due to invitation of Na+/K+ ATPase pump in cardiac muscle cell membrane leading to | Ref-Goodman and Gillman 12/e p802,803 The positive inotropic effect of digitalis is due to inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase pump in cardiac muscle cell membrane leading to decreased activity of Na+/Ca++ exchanger causing decrease the influx of sodium and decreased efflux of CA++ in the sarcolemma | 1 | Decrease the activity of Na+/Ca+ exchanger causing decrease the influx of sodium and decreased efflux of Ca++ in the sarcolemma | Decreased efflux of Na+ leading to less negative resting membrane potential and opening of voltage gated Ca+ + channels on the T tubules | Increased intracellular Na+ causing increased efflux of any place and increase the influx of Ca + + through Na+/ Ca + + exchanges in sarcolemma | Increased intracellular Na+ decreasing the activity of Ca + + pump in the sarcoplasmic reticulum | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | 5007ba16-4a50-4da7-a156-6ee4cc831606 | single |
Ataxia abasia is seen in | Conversion Disorder Conversion disorder is characterised by the following clinical features: 1. Presence of symptoms or deficits affecting motor or sensory function, suggesting a medical or neurological disorder. 2. Sudden onset. 3. Development of symptoms usually in the presence of a significant psychosocial stressor(... | 1 | Conversion disorder | PTSD | Depression | Mania | Psychiatry | Somatoform disorders | a2dc8023-3fb7-464a-a151-d754fac42ff1 | single |
Acute leukemia in children is associated with – all except – | null | 3 | Down's syndrome | Klinefelter's syndrome | Marfan's syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Pediatrics | null | 866ce7e3-da62-43ba-be1f-e9d7cdac82f3 | multi |
About gallstones, false is | Operation is not done in most cases of gallstones It is done only in symptomatic cases Most consider that it is safe to observe patients with asymptomatic gallstones, with cholecystectomy reserved for patients who develop symptoms or complications Prophylactic cholecystectomy is may be considered for diabetic patients,... | 2 | Intervention should be done if gallstones are present in the bile duct irrespective of the duct diameter | Operation should be done on most cases | Can be used due to parasitic infestation | Can lead to cholecystitis | Anatomy | G.I.T | 0eb1723b-5a0b-40b2-bfd6-ef950fee5972 | multi |
Restrictive cardiomyopathy is not associated with? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alcohol * Restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by a primary decrease in ventricular compliance, i.e., ventricles become stiff. Resulting in impaired ventricular filling during diastole because heart cannot relax normally during diastole - Diastolic dysfunction. Ventricles are normal in size (or... | 1 | Alcohol | Hemochromatosis | Amyloidosis | Sarcoidosis | Pathology | C.V.S | 805b55ea-dffa-469c-9bb9-157d4c8cb99a | single |
What is the pH of set MTA? | null | 1 | 12.5 | 14 | 10 | 8.5 | Dental | null | 9483de9c-3599-46e3-985c-3e4d2359a9a0 | single |
Which primary tooth is generally accepted as the first to erupt, and at about what mean age? | Eruption for the primary mandibular central incisor may be given as 6 months (Woelfel and Scheid, 2002); 6.5 months (Kraus et al., 1969); 7.5 months(Charlick et al.); or 8 (6 to 10) months (Ash and
Nelson, 2003). | 3 | Maxillary central incisor, 8 to 12 months. | Maxillary central incisor, 7 to 9 months. | Mandibular central incisor, 7 to 9 months. | Mandibular central incisor, 8 to 10 months. | Dental | null | 846d17af-3876-4282-9ce2-1f468f22559d | multi |
The floor of the femoral triangle is formed by all except - | Floor of femoral triangle
Medial
Adductor longus
Pectineus
Lateral
Psoas major
Iliacus | 4 | Adductor longus | Psoas major | Pectineus | Sartorius | Anatomy | null | 5f2c003d-896e-4311-b590-fc4fb7040ff7 | multi |
Which of the following inhaled occupational puIlutant produces extensive nodular pulmonary fibrosis? | Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan) 6th edition,page no.491 MORPHOLOGIC FEATURES. Grossly, the chronic silicotic lung is studded with well-circumscribed, hard, fibrotic nodules, 1 to 5 mm in diameters. They are scattered throughout the lung parenchyma but are initially more often located in the upper zones of the l... | 1 | Silica | Asbestos | Wood dust | Carbon | Pathology | Respiratory system | 972c2452-c7e8-4f0d-9925-c6b95839a268 | single |
Which of the following type of karyotyping is done under light microscopy? | Innovative staining techniques involve identification of chromosome banding by a variety of staining techniques, at times with pre-digestion with proteolytic agents. Some of the more commonly used techniques are the following: Q banding: Fixed chromosome spreads are stained without any pretreatment using quinacrine mus... | 3 | R banding | Q banding | G banding | C banding | Biochemistry | null | 77a8b077-0b06-4b67-801b-7d3b44564430 | single |
Champagne glass pelvis is seen in - | Radiological features of Achondroplasia : Macrocephaly. Frontal bossing J shaped sella Caudal narrowing of interpedicular distance Champagne glass pelvis Trident hand | 4 | CDH | Down's syndrome | Cretinism | Achondroplasia | Radiology | Skeletal system | cb388339-1c3f-41d9-9cd4-7e9fee3e70a0 | single |
Azoles are drug of choice for all except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cryptococcal meningitis o Amphotericin B & oral itraconazole are the first line drugs for most of the systemic mycosis.o For cryptococcal meningitis, treatment of choice is AMB + 5-FU.Amnhotericin is the DOC for1. Disseminated candidiasis 3. Disseminated sporotrichosis5. Aspergillosis2. Coccidioidomyc... | 4 | Chromomycosis | Histoplasmosis | Paracoccidioidomycosis | Cryptococcal meningitis | Pharmacology | Anti-Fungal | f8abbe95-7ca3-4d92-a3dc-589b70236644 | multi |
Vegans are those who - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Neither eat dairy products nor eggs Vegetarionso Vegetarions are divided into three groups -A) Vegans (Vegan vegetarians)# Vegans do not eat any animal or dairy products like meat, fish, cheese or leather.# The get all the proteins from cereals, nuts and seeds.B) Lacto Vegetarians# These people eat da... | 4 | Eat both dairy products and eggs | Eat dairy products but not eggs | Eat eggs but not dairy products | Neither eat dairy products nor eggs | Social & Preventive Medicine | General | eaa6cc79-6101-4062-a663-9cf53fb1d1c7 | multi |
Most often used thickness of the matrix band is: | Various thickness of carbon steel and stainless steel matrix hands are available, with the thinner (0.0015 inch) most often used. | 2 | 0.0015 cm | 0.0015 inch | 0.015 inch | 0.0028 mm | Dental | null | 675e789e-6670-4c58-a094-8a3cc5f96b64 | single |
Retinal tears seen most commonly seen in ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primary retinal detachment Retinal detachment is a disorder of eye in which retina peels away from its underlying layer of suppo tissue. Usually there is separation between the neuroepithelium (neurosensory epithelium) and the pigmented layer. The retinal separation is divided into: 1) Primary :- Rheu... | 1 | Primary retinal detachment | Secondary retinal detachment | Tractional retinal detachment | Exudative retinal detachment | Ophthalmology | null | f33005c5-eb71-4b3e-9c72-a183179a61be | single |
Culture media used for 0157 : H7 Enterohemorrhagic E coli ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sorbitol containing agar Culture of 0157: H7 E.coli E.coli 0157:H7 is not identified on routine stool cultures. E.coli 0157:H7 can be specifically detected by the use of modified Mac Conkey media which containssorbitol in place of lactose (SMAC). Sorbitol Mac Conkey media is specifically useful for th... | 1 | Sorbitol containing agar | Mannitol containing agar | Sucrose containing agar | Dextrose containing agar | Microbiology | null | 11a598f3-5a59-448b-a432-e67bc6abfead | single |
Dopamine receptor agonist - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bromocriptine Drugs causing hyperprolactinemiao Prolactin is under predominant inhibitory control of hypothalamus through prolactin releasing inhibitory hormone (PR1H).o PRIH is a dopamine that acts on pituitary lactotrope D. receptor.o So, Dopaminergic agonists decrease plasma prolactin levels. These... | 2 | Methyldopa | Bromcriptine | Haloperidol | Morphine | Pharmacology | Anti-Parkinsonism | ba256373-3f35-4589-8a5c-9232838948a2 | single |
The normal range of serum osmolarity is | Normal serum osmolarity ranges from 275 to 295 mOsm/L It is used to monitor hyponatremia,and other conditions Reference : guyton and hall12 Ed pg no: 45,46,47 | 3 | 350-375 | 200-250 | 270-285 | 300-320 | Physiology | General physiology | 614e4caa-0d5d-4863-ba25-e2de60a1ec46 | single |
Posterior staphyloma is associated with | Posterior staphyloma is a condition that can be present in highly myopic individuals with long axial lengths. It is caused by elongation of the globe due to thinning and bulging of the sclera and results in an irregular configuration of the retina at the posterior pole. ref img | 1 | Pathological myopia | Uveoscleritis | Pseudocornea | Angle closure glaucoma | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus | 4260dd9a-bb1a-42c8-a2fa-5c86fe7f4214 | single |
All are effects of sympathetic stimulation except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased refractory period Sympathetic stimulationPositive chronotropic (Increased heart rate0):- Sympathetic stimulation increases the slope of phase 4 prepotential (pacemaker potential)Q; therefore, time taken to reach the threshold is decreased and heart rate is increased.Positive ionotropic (Incr... | 3 | Increased conduction velocity | Increased heart rate | Increased refractory period | Increaed contractility of heart | Physiology | Autonomic Nervous System | ac08e585-600b-450d-8b92-f37ec371af9f | multi |
IOC to detect abnormally located placenta; | Today transvaginal ultrasound is being used increasingly in diagnosing placenta.It is safe and gives much more accuracy than a transabdominal scan in placental localisation especially in posterior placentation and obese patients (refer pgno:130 sheila textbook of obstetrics 2 nd edition) | 1 | TVS | TAS | Doppler | MRI | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | a68d4b7d-ee96-4020-bda5-aa8da730d54e | multi |
Buschke - Lowenstein tumor is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Giant condyloma accuminata | 3 | Molluscum contagiosum | Condyloma lata | Giant condyloma accuminata | Metastasis | Surgery | null | b3213feb-eb16-4057-a0e7-7171f71dc9a7 | single |
The least extrapyramidal side effects are seen with the following phenothiazine | Side effects of impoant CNS drugs Midazolam Ataxia , Blackouts in elderlyTolcapone Hepatotoxic Phenytoin Hirsuitism , Gingival hyperplasia , Osteomalacia , Teratogen , Megaloblastic anemia , Ataxia , Lymphadenopathy , Hyperglycemia , Arrhythmias , Vitamin K deficiency Valproate Irreversible hepatic necrosis in older ch... | 4 | Clozapine | Triflupromazine | Fluphenazine | Thioridazine | Pathology | All India exam | 8f28e17d-8be0-4008-85b4-a327e25df568 | single |
Hormone replacement herapy is contraindicated in | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thromboembolism Contraincations of hormone replacement therapy Pregnancy and breast feeding. Undiagnose vaginal bleeding. Recent angina or MI. Venous thromboembolic disease. Breast cancer. Active liver disease. Endometrial cancer. Uncontrolled hypeension. | 2 | Atherosclerosis | Thromboembolism | Osteoporosis | Gall stones | Pharmacology | null | 886206af-e839-4607-bfc2-1282fce386d8 | multi |
Type of injury in which there is brief temporary physiological paralysis of function without organic structural damage is: | null | 1 | Concussion. | Contusion. | Laceration. | None. | Surgery | null | 17c6bd0a-af28-4ceb-b14a-4ccc8b118a51 | multi |
Which of the following best describes lice? | Pediculus humanus (head or body louse) and Phthirus pubis (crab louse) are wingless parasites exclusively affecting humans. Lice are important not only for the itching and discomfort they cause but also for the diseases they transmit. These disorders include epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. There is ... | 3 | They have wings | They cause tissue edema | They transmit epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever | Pediculus humanus is the only species of louse | Microbiology | Parasitology | 28d01bf3-67e4-4059-bd9e-cadc0e0894c2 | single |
All of the following are acyanotic congenital heart diseases except – | null | 4 | VSD | PDA | ASD | Tetralogy of fallot | Pediatrics | null | 56f8f140-d965-4b26-b3db-b7f16a051037 | multi |
Which taste sensation is the most sensitive (i.e., has the lowest stimulation threshold)? | The bitter taste sense is much more sensitive than the other sensations because it provides an impoant protective function against many dangerous toxins in food. | 2 | Acid | Bitter | Salty | Sour | Physiology | Special Senses | b0a3e07d-508c-4e15-adea-616094ab3a0f | single |
Mansonoides mosquito transmits the following disease - | Mansonoide mosquito transmits Brugian filariasis. They are big, black mosquitoes with speckling on their wings and legs. They breed in ponds and lakes containing aquatic plants. Eggs are laid in star-shaped clusters on the undersurface of water plants. Their control is easy by removal or destruction of aquatic host pla... | 2 | Bancroftian filariasis | Brugian filariasis | Malaria | Dengue | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | 9fc0be7e-5e52-49be-9b69-e0d3d857e9f5 | single |
Chronaxie minimum in? | ANSWER: (C) Myelinated nerveREF: Pediatric Anesthesia By Bruno Bissonnette page 758Chronaxie (or chronaxy) is the minimum time over which an electric current, double the strength of the rheobase, needs to be applied, in order to stimulate a muscle fiber or nerve cell.Rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of indefin... | 3 | Mixed nerves | Unmyelinated nerve | Myelinated nerve | Sensory nerves | Physiology | Nerve Physiology | c4672014-4122-413d-bbef-2671feae3247 | single |
The intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopy should be set between - | Ans. is (b) i.e. 10-15mm of Hg The infra-abdominal pressure during laproscopic surgery is monitored by insufflator. The pressure is set between 1215 mm of Hg. because at higher pressures there is risk of hypercarbia, acidosis and adverse hemodynamic and pulmonary effects. | 2 | 5-8 mm of Hg | 10-15 mm of Hg | 20-25 mm of Hg | 30-35 mm of Hg | Surgery | null | 7a7c2016-82d4-4b35-8723-231934d5f0e6 | single |
For posterior urethral valve- Investigation of choice is | Ans. is 'b' ie MCU " The most reliable method to confirm the diagnosis of posterior urethral valves is voiding cystourethrography that means radiographs are taken during the act of micturition after the bladder has been filled with the contrast media"Posterior Urethral ValvesSeen only in males*these are symmetrical fol... | 2 | Cyotoscopy | MCU | Cystourethroscopy | Retrograde urethroscopy | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Urethra & Penis) | af45745a-7c98-400a-a12e-1f08197b7409 | single |
Which of the following cusps of the mandibular first molar has the maximum thickness of enamel and dentin | null | 2 | Mesiolingual | Mesiobuccal | Distal | All have same thickness | Dental | null | a6458a63-4a7a-486b-9dde-5ee804fa44e3 | multi |
All of the following are true regarding whooping cough except - | null | 3 | Spread by droplet infection | 90% of cases occur in children under 5 years of age | The whoop stage is more infection than catarrhal stage | Blood count shows lymphocytosis | Medicine | null | 7dd0160b-6a4a-43c2-ac29-e0b309973af1 | multi |
Ice pack test is due for - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Myesthenia gravis o The ice pack test is a bedside test to help in the diagnosis of myethenia gravis. | 1 | Myesthenia gravis | Multiple system atrophy | Hyperparathyroidism | Hypokalemic periodic paralysis | Medicine | Peripheral Nerve & Muscles | 3c809762-0367-4d98-9abb-aedab5f28b65 | single |
Red infarcts occur in - | Red or hemorrhagic seen in soft loose tissues. Caused either by obstruction of the pulmonary aery in the lungs or by aerial or venous occlusion as in the intestine. reference: Harsh Mohan textbook of pathology,7th edition, pg no:112 <\p> | 2 | Kidney | Lung | Spleen | Hea | Microbiology | Immunology | 2ae87303-7d52-41b8-ae29-837f00695605 | single |
Most common type of staphyloma in myopia is: | Posterior | 1 | Posterior | Intercalary | Equatorial | Ciliary | Ophthalmology | null | 59d81b61-cca7-4a2a-b5a9-e39f23d1a0df | single |
Brush burn is a type of? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Abrasion o Abrasion is a superficial injury involving superficial layer of epidermis and is caused by hard, blunt and rough object due to friction between skin and the object. Scab or crust is formed over exposed raw surface and most injuries heal without scar as they are superficial.o Age of abrasion... | 4 | Bruise | Contusion | Laceration | Abrasion | Forensic Medicine | Injuries by Blunt Force | 2f65b1c6-b212-4dca-a4c5-ccd1835c3c24 | single |
All are cholinergic agents except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Memantine Cognition Enhancers (Cerebroactive drugs) o These are a heterogenous group of drugs developed for use in dementia and other cerebral disorders. o Drugs are 1. Cholinergic activaters --> Tacrine, Rivastigmine, Donepezil, Galantamine. 2. Glutamate (NMDA) antagonist --4 Memanite 3. Miscellaneou... | 4 | Galantamine | Donepezil | Tacrine | Memantine | Pharmacology | null | 1c337380-30d2-48c4-8f87-3cddf084e50f | multi |
Carry over effect is seen in | null | 3 | Case control study | Concurrent parallel trial | Cross over study | Cohort study | Dental | null | 53d6729d-c294-46cd-a184-0b15ddaf7e90 | multi |
Herpes virus: | Herpes viruses replicate in the host cell nucleus, and both replication and assembly occur in the nucleus. The herpes virus encodes for several glycoproteins that facilitate viral attachment, fusion, and immune evasion.
The virus buds from nuclear membrane and is released by exocytosis and cell lysis.
Parija SC. Text... | 1 | Acquires its envelope from nuclear membrane | Acquires its envelope from nucleolar membrane | Acquires its envelope from cytoplasmic membrane | None of the above | Microbiology | null | 2d885147-4fea-4e03-b049-0643b7e07062 | multi |
Class II elastics are used by stretching an elastic between which of the two following points? | Class II elastics work in the direction that would be used to correct a Class II malocclusion, to pull the mandibular teeth forward and the maxillary teeth distally. | 4 | From the posterior to the anterior within the maxillary arch | From the posterior to the anterior within the mandibular arch | From the posterior of the maxillary arch to the anterior of the mandibular arch | From the posterior of the mandibular arch to the anterior of the maxillary arch | Dental | null | 058add30-ac39-4ef0-914b-748df08b2054 | single |
Transcription refers to | null | 2 | the process where an mRNA is used as a template for protein production. | the process where a DNA sequence is copied into RNA for the purpose of gene expression. | the process where DNA wraps around histones to form a nucleosome. | the process of replication of DNA prior to cell division. | Physiology | null | 120f1690-6de5-4b27-a002-8b652d163e66 | single |
A 72-year-old woman complains of a cramplike pain in her thigh and leg. She was diagnosed as having a severe intermittent claudication.Following surgery, an infection was found in the adductor canal, damaging the enclosed structures. Which of the following structures remains intact? | The Great Saphenous Vein remains intact because it is not in the Adductor Canal. The Adductor Canal contains the Femoral Vessels, the Saphenous Nerve, and the Nerve to the Vastus Medialis. | 4 | Femoral aery | Femoral vein | Saphenous nerve | Great saphenous vein | Anatomy | Lower limb 1 | 8b2d8c24-e640-4c65-8e25-90a354432ce9 | single |
Which of the following statements about Rheumatoid Factor is true - | Rheumatoid factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis is an IgM antibody directed against the Fc fragment of IgG
Anti CCP antibodies are most specific blood test for rheumatoid arthritis (specificity ∼ 95%).
Rheumatoid factor is positive in only 10% of patients with JRA. | 1 | It is an IgM antibody directed against IgG | It is an IgG antibody directed against IgM | It is more specific than Anti-CCP antibodies | It is positive in all cases of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis | Pathology | null | 84aad0a7-8243-4758-a977-34b7a63de122 | multi |
Carcinoma cervix extends upto lateral pelvic wall.The stage would be: | null | 3 | Stage I | Stage II | Stage III | Stage IV | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 87d38589-779f-4e1c-90df-f1344ea5b429 | multi |
A newborn was diagnosed as having a congenital abnormality that resulted in transposition of great vessels. While preparing the infant for surgery, the medical team needed to keep the ductus arteriosus open. They did this by infusing : | null | 3 | Cortisol | Indomethacin | Alprostadil | Tacrolimus | Pharmacology | null | d9db966c-87be-4bf5-b34f-a40a0c3ad819 | single |
Cryptomenorrhea occurs due to: | Ans. is a, i.e. Imperforate hymenRef: Dutta Gynae 6th/ed, p450; Shaw 15th/ed, p96-97* Cryptomenorrhea is defined as occurrence of menstrual symptoms without external bleeding.* Menstrual blood fails to come out from genital tract due to obstruction in the outflow passage.* Causes:CongenitalAcquiredImperforate hymen (co... | 1 | Imperforate hymen | Asherman's syndrome | Mullerian agenesis | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Disorders in Menstruation | 9e73a382-456c-4017-949a-dea4e9613192 | multi |
Auspitz sign is characteristically seen in – | Auspitz's sign is used as bed-side test for diagnosis of psoriasis vulgaris/plaque psoriasis (most common type of psoriasis). | 1 | Plaque Psoriasis | Pustular Psoriasis | Lichen planus | Inverse Psoriasis | Dental | null | 262bf039-06c0-4899-9f25-491b674c9484 | multi |
Which of the following act as a vector for spreading Onchocerciasis? | Onchocerciasis is caused by Onchocerca volvulus and is a major cause of blindness. It is transmitted by Simulium damnosum, a black fly that breeds in areas of rapidly flowing streams. The fly picks up microfilariae from the skin of the infected person, where it matures into larvae that become adult worms in 1 year. The... | 3 | Tsetse fly | Culicoides midge | Simulium damnosum | Bugs of subfamily Triatominae | Ophthalmology | null | 98454d5c-4a1a-4ec9-bb78-cc4885bbb28d | single |
"Debridement"- meaning of this French word is | Ans. (a) Cut openRef Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 415* Debridement- Derived from FRENCH word "Unleash or Cut open"* Debridement reduces the chances of anaerobic and necrotizing infections and can prevent systemic sepsis. | 1 | Cut open | Debulk | Sanitize | Rehydration | Surgery | Trauma | 276c4821-da21-444e-b657-3b17a43b6ca6 | single |
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