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Which of the following responses is found in atopic individuals - | Atopy is typed I hypersensitivity reaction. Type I hypersensitivity reaction is IgE dependent. Cytotoxic IgE antibodies are fixed on the surface of tissue cells ( mast cells and basophils) in sesensitizedndividuals. The antigen combines with the cell fixed antibody, leading to release of a phapharmacologicallytive subs... | 2 | IgM production | IgE production | IgA production | Hypogammaglobulinemia | Microbiology | Immunology | 09d5b40a-29fd-4a7b-b567-719b3de55f5f | single |
Which of the following abnormality is seen in first-degree hea block? | First-degree AV block (PR interval >200 ms) is a slowing of conduction through the AV junction. All p waves will be followed by QRS complexNormal PR interval 120-200msHarrison 19e pg: 1472 | 4 | PR interval >140ms | PR interval >160ms | PR interval >180ms | PR interval >200ms | Medicine | C.V.S | 9fc251e2-79cc-44ad-8fe8-8136e8e7a4be | single |
Substance that is used for vertebroplasty is: | (a) Polymethyl methacrylate- Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are interventional radiologic procedures for the treatment of the intense pain refractory to medical management or bracing caused by vertebral compression fracture associated with osteoporosis, tumors, and trauma.- Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty involve intrao... | 1 | Polymethyl methacrylate | Polyethyl methacrylate | Polymethyl ethacrylate | Polyethyl ethacrylate | Orthopaedics | Spinal Injuries | 47c6843b-d231-4dc0-83db-d233a8314368 | single |
Trichomonas is seen under microscope in? | Trichomonas exist only is trophozoite form, so seen in normal saline. Vaginal or urethral discharge is examined microscopically in saline wet mount preparation to look for characteristic jerky & twitching motility & shape. | 1 | Normal saline | Distilled water | KOH | Dextrose | Microbiology | Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology) | c79aad3e-7a5f-4e6d-80dc-003a6f212d4d | single |
Which of the following conditions produce a positive Darier's sign? | Uicaria pigmentosa is the most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis presenting as reddish-brown monomorphic maculopapules, plaques or nodules appear in asymmetrical distribution anywhere on the body except the face, head, palms and soles. They uicate within a fewminutes of gentle rubbing (Darier's sign) & subsides wit... | 2 | Darier's disease | Uicaria pigmentosa | Hailey Hailey disease | Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans | Skin | null | b7689d92-e86f-46a1-81a8-cabaf2e069a1 | single |
Function of hepatic kupffer cells is | Kupffer cells Kupffer cells, derived from the macrophage - monocyte system Are irregular stellate - shaped cells that also line the sinusoids, insinuating between endothelial cells Phagocytic, play a major role in the trapping of foreign substances and initiating an inflammatory response MHC-II antigens are expressed o... | 4 | Formation of sinusoids | Vitamin A storage | Increase blood perfusion | Phagocytosis | Anatomy | G.I.T | b72c63bd-6177-421c-9acc-60d27e1c8c63 | single |
Common oral change seen with nutritional anemia is: | null | 2 | Enlarged tongue | Atrophic glossitis | Generalized osteolysis | Focal marrow expansion | Pathology | null | 1ea643b9-4b60-45e7-bfa8-e822c3efb05d | single |
All are tests for detecting carbon monoxide in blood except? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Kastle mayer testSpectroscopic examination, Hoppe - Seyler's test (10% NaOH), kunkel's (tannic acid) test and adding water (15 ml) in 2 drops of blood can detect CO. | 1 | Kastle mayer test | Tannic acid test | Spectrophotometry | Hoppe-seyler's test | Forensic Medicine | null | 550b4e26-78d1-468e-954d-33989c69c277 | multi |
Following resection of 2/3 of the liver, regeneration is complete within - | null | 3 | 2-3 months | 8-10 weeks | 4-6 months | 4-5 weeks | Surgery | null | 6dc29faa-a3e4-4051-a569-582c949c2b68 | single |
A mother brought her daughter with complaints of diarrhea. Lab investigations revealed Giardia lamblia. She had the same complaint before few weeks and was treated. She also had history of getting recurrent chest infections. This girl may have: | Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a disorder characterized by poor production of immunoglobulins in response to antigenic stimuli. This limited humoral response to antigens leads to recurrent sinus and pulmonary infections, often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and other bacterial pathogens. Recurrent pulmo... | 2 | Severe combined immunodeficiency | Common variable immunodeficiency | Digeorge Syndrome | C8 deficiency | Microbiology | null | eb0dc803-7d90-427b-95c0-30f1cc7d8a74 | single |
Which of the following is true regarding non-shivering thermogenesis? | Long chain free fatty acids are examples for physiological uncouplers. They have a role in non-shivering thermogenesis. | 3 | ATP is burned for heat production | Glucose is oxidased to lactate | Fatty acids uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation | Proteins are broken down to generate heat | Biochemistry | null | a88dadab-baac-40b5-81ad-ac2457a76f83 | multi |
Teichoic acid is present in the cell wall of | Teichoic acids, which are polymers of polyribitol-phosphate, are cross-linked to the peptidoglycan and can be antigenic. They are impoant in cell wall metabolism. Antiteichoic acid antibodies detectable by gel diffusion may be found in patients with active endocarditis caused by S aureus.ComponentsGram-PositiveGram-Neg... | 1 | Gram positive bacteria | Gram negative bacteria | Acid fast bacteria | All of the above | Microbiology | general microbiology | 12e86185-2a14-403e-aeef-8d10ea82c514 | multi |
Microangiopathic Hemolytic anemia seen in: | Micro-angiopathic Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells are forccd to squeeze through abnormally narrowed small vessels. Narrowing is most often caused by fibrin deposition in association with DIC. Other causes of micro-angiopathic hemolytic anemia are:
Malignant hypertension
SLE
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purp... | 4 | HUS | HTN | SLE | All | Unknown | null | 3e6bcbfa-dca6-44ae-98a7-d4e6fa8c5021 | multi |
Most sensitive test for carpal tunnel syndrome- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Phalen's testClinical tests for carpal tunnel syndromeo There are some provocative tests which act as important screening methods : -Wrist flexion (Phalen's test) : - The patient is asked to actively place the wrist in complete flexion. If tingling and numbness develop in the distribution of median ne... | 1 | Phalen's test | Tinei's sign | Tourniquet test | null | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries | ff1755c0-9b75-4d87-b1c5-68e5dcf251ab | multi |
Which of the following is true about esophagus except: | Answer-(B) Middle & lower third made up of striated muscleEpithelium is stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium.Muscularis mucosa contains only longitudinal layer and no circular layer.Mucosa is the toughest and strongest layer.Serosa is absent.Muscularis externa is made up of skeletal muscle fibers only in the ... | 2 | Serosa not present | Middle & lower third made up of striated muscle | Lower oesophageal sphincter is a zone of relatively high pressure | In achalia cardia LOS tone is increased so that food can not pass below | Surgery | null | f0af1897-3a01-42ef-ae02-4f675c212554 | multi |
Which one of the following therapies would be safe in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis having markedly abnormal liver function : | null | 4 | Streptomycin + isoniazid | Ethambutol + isoniazid | Rifampicin + isoniazid | Streptomycin + ethambutol | Pharmacology | null | 55865f21-5660-4f31-a4a2-33b81020bd2b | single |
A child aged 24 months was brought to the Primary Health Centre with complains of cough and fever for the past 2 days. On examination, the child weighed 11 kg, respiratory rate was 38 per minute, chest in drawing was present. The most appropriate line of management for this patient is ? | The child has chest indrawing,but no fast breathing and hence classified as severe pneumonia. classification of pneumonia. Fast breathing is present when the respiratory rate is : 1. 60 breaths/min or more in child < 2 months of age. 2. 50 breaths/min or more in child aged 2-12 months. 3. 40 breaths/min or mote in chil... | 3 | Classify as pneumonia and refer urgently to secondary level hospital | Classify as pneumonia, sta antibiotics and advise to repo after 2 days | Classify as severe pnemonia, sta antibiotics and refer urgently | Classify as severe pneumonia and refer urgently | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | 3da4cc90-5305-4582-92c1-fdc8f2dcfc4c | single |
Mechanism of oxygen toxicity is? | ANSWER: (D) Free radicalsREF: Pulmonary physiology by Michael G. Levitzky page Page 245, Yao & Artusio's anesthesiology: problem-oriented patient management - Page 67"The mechanism of oxygen toxicity is controversial but probably involves the formation of superoxide anions or other free radicals""The biochemical basis ... | 4 | Direct DNA damage | Apoptosis | Nuclear fragmentation | Free radicals | Pathology | Inflammation & Repair | fc9f4a47-98ed-4b0d-b1fc-8eea668f1bb3 | single |
Primary amenorrhea, absent uterus, normal pubic hair. Diagnosisis - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mullerian agenesis o MRKH syndrome is also known as MURCS syndrome (Mullerian agenesis, Renal aplasia and cervicothoracic somite dysplasia).o MRKH (Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser) syndrome has a karyotype of 46, XX. So the gonads present are ovaries in contrast to Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome where... | 1 | Mullerian agenesis | Testicular feminization syndrome | WNT 4 syndrome | Hand foot genital syndrome | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Classification of DSD | d2470565-f3ea-4134-a167-5cd0af156b7f | single |
Diagnostic test for syphilis: March 2013 | Ans. C i.e. FTA-ABS | 3 | VDRL | RPR | FTA-ABS | IgG ELISA | Skin | null | 375aa6ef-dd75-4521-866c-8f6275365cb7 | single |
Another name for glucose | Glucose is the predominant sugar in the human body. It is the major energy source. It is present in blood. -glucose is dextro- rotatory. In clinical practice , it is often called as dextrose.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 71 | 2 | Dextrin | Dextrose | Sucrose | Saccharin | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate | f61a27b8-4b19-48de-902c-55aee0100c1a | single |
The Best investigation to visualize posterior urethra is | Ans. (d) Ascending urethrogramRef: Campbell Urology 11th Edition, Page 3257* Best Investigation to visualize posterior urethra is micturiting cystourethrogram or ascending urethrogram | 4 | CT Scan | IV pyelogram | Cystoscopy | Ascending urethrogram | Surgery | Urethra & Penis | 952dc292-c15c-4fcc-ad03-8ebaf545c762 | single |
All of the following statement regarding measles are true except -a) Rash appears first on legb) Koplik spot are seen on retinac) Long term complication may be seen in form of SSPEd) Caused by RNA viruse) I-P is 2-3 days | Measles
Measles is caused by a RNA virus of paramyxovirus.
Measles in also known as rubella
The only source of infection is a case of measles, carriers are not known to occur.
Infective period → 4 days before and 5 days after the appearance of rash.
Infective material → Secretions of nose, throat and respiratory trac... | 4 | abc | bcd | cde | abe | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | a6641aa8-d09b-4948-a98a-c2383875fb5e | multi |
Definitive information regarding the bone architecture is obtained by | null | 4 | Periodontal probing | Radiographic examination | Combination of probing & radiographs | Surgical exposure of the osseous defect | Dental | null | dbdc2070-120f-45fc-a1a6-f798619067be | single |
The characteristic lesion of atherosclerosis is | Atherosclerosis is a intima based lesion composed of a fibrous cap and an atheromatous core: the constituents of the plaque include smooth muscle cells, ECMs, inflammatory cells, lipids and necrotic debris Robbins 9th edition page no 343 | 4 | Fibrinoid necrosis of the media | Giant cell reaction in the retina and internal elastic lamina | Organised thrombus in the affected segment | 'Fibro-fatty' lesion in the intima of the blood vessels | Pathology | Cardiovascular system | 66340816-2e7e-4348-a8bb-3f9ac8842a2d | single |
Impotent quoad is seen in: | Ans. (b) An individual who may be impotent with any particular woman (QUOAD- as regards) but not with others.Ref: The Essentials ofFSM by K.S. Narayan Reddy 31st ed. / 357-58* IMPOTENCE: inability of a person to perform sexual intercourse. It cannot be placed as a defense for rape.* STERILITY: inability of the male to ... | 2 | Inability of the male to beget children and in the female, the inability to conceive children | An individual who may be impotent with any particular woman (QUOAD- as regards) but not with others. | Inability of a person to perform sexual intercourse. | Inability to start or maintain the sexual arousal pattern in the female. | Forensic Medicine | Sexual Offenses and Dowry Death | d2426c04-ade9-4790-81d0-c012ee7f9967 | single |
Nitrogen atoms in purines are derived from all except- | Nitrogen atoms in purines are derived from amino acids - Aspaate Glutamine Glycine Nitrogen atoms in purines Carbon atoms in purines N1 from Aspaate C2 from N10Formyl Tetrahydrofolate N3 & N9 from Glutamine C4 and C5 from Glycine N7 from Glycine C6 from CO2 C8 from N5,N10Methenyl THF | 3 | Aspaate | Glutamine | Glutamate | Glycine | Biochemistry | Nucleotides | 88a347b3-f689-4971-9c5e-debcfe57295f | multi |
All of the following statements are true about congenital rubella except: | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Infection after 16 weeks of gestation results in major congenital defects(Ref: Harrison, 18th/e, p. 1606; 19th/e, p. 1300)* The most important factor in the pathogenicity of Rubella virus for the fetus is gestational age at the time of infection.* "In general, the earlier in pregnancy infection occurs... | 4 | It is diagnosed when the infant has IgM antibodies at birth | It is diagnosed when IgG antibodies persist for more than 6 months | Most common congenital defects are deafness, cardiac malformation and cataract | Infection after 16 weeks of gestation results in major congenital defects | Microbiology | Virology | 0e394402-d61f-44ee-adf4-f764ce0175cc | multi |
Perforin - | Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Mediated Apoptosis
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize foreign antigens presented on the surface of infected host cells,
Upon activation, CTLs secrete perforin, a transmembrane pore-forming molecule, which promotes entry of the CTL granule serine proteases called granzymes.
Granzymes cleave... | 1 | Cytotoxic T cell | NK cell | Plasma cell | Monocyte | Pathology | null | cc40b354-fbbc-4b7e-9567-a99169120b98 | single |
Tunica reaction is positive in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., R typhi Neill - Mooser (Tunica) reaction When male guinea pigs are inoculated intraperitoneally with blood from a case of endemic typhus or with a culture of R. typhi (R. mooseri) they develop fever and a characteristic scrotal inflammation. This reaction is used to differentiate R. typhi and R. prowa... | 2 | R prowazekii | R typhi | R tsutsugamushi | R akari | Microbiology | null | 7a812fdb-402e-4789-9bf7-d579322654e3 | single |
Rat tail file is also known as | null | 4 | Barbed broach | R file | H file | Rasp | Dental | null | 947b7a8c-e2d4-4d5d-9473-f5ec886f9281 | single |
True about Osteomyelitis | First X-ray changes seen in loss of soft tissue plane. | 3 | X-ray changes seen after 24 hours | MRI changes seen in < 6 hours | First X-ray change seen is sclerosis at metaphysis | Bone scan shows increased activity | Orthopaedics | null | dc5e4d44-9d69-4d0e-ba13-b0214d3224f9 | multi |
Treatment of choice in ventricular fibrillation is: | null | 2 | Sotalol | Cardioversion | Ibutilide | Adenosine | Pharmacology | null | f241ca4c-a0e4-4cee-a072-449dc532da2c | single |
Which of the following glycosaminoglycan contains iduronic acid? | Option d : Heparin contains iduronic acid Glucuronic acid is the hexuronic acid present in most of the glycosaminoglycans. Iduronic acid is a component of Heparin Dermatan sulfate Heparin and Heparan sulfate both contain N-sulfo glucosamine sugar instead of N-acetyl glucosamine as sugar component. NOTE: Dermatan sulfat... | 4 | Hyaluronic acid | Keratan sulfate I | Keratan sulfate II | Heparin | Biochemistry | Classification of carbohydrate | 4bbc435c-4e47-456f-80b7-04a0c5f2bf31 | single |
Vector for Japanese Encephalitis is: March 2013 (g) | Ans. C i.e. Culex mosquito Domestic pigs and wild birds (herons) are reservoirs of the JE virus. Amongst the most impoant vectors of this disease are the mosquitoes Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex vishnui. | 3 | Aedes mosquito | Anopheles mosquito | Culex mosquito | Mansonides mosquito | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 1b32b5e4-933c-46d7-a0a2-320533675c9f | single |
What is meant by Catchment area? | IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS- These are aificial lakes constructed usually of eahwork or masonry in which large quantities of surface water is stored. Dams built across rivers and mountain streams also provide large reserves of surface water. The area draining into the reservoir is called "Catchment area". | 1 | The area draining into the reservoir | The area draining into rivers | The area draining into tanks | The area draining into sea water | Social & Preventive Medicine | Water | 6a07ec87-a1bb-4acc-9120-052e88c577ab | single |
Indication for prophylaxis in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia include | Defects in cellular and/or humoral immunity predispose to development of PCP. CD4+ T cells are critical in host defense against Pneumocystis. For HIV-infected patients, the incidence is inversely related to the CD4+ T cell count: at least 80% of cases occur at counts of <200 cells/mL, and most of these cases develop at... | 1 | CD4 count <200 /ul | Tuberculosis | Vital load >25000 copies/ml | Oral candidiasis | Anatomy | Respiratory system | d3fbe568-f091-4a11-8ee7-c616d57f7c69 | single |
Ideal fluid of choice in a 35 year old man presenting with acute pancreatitis | While there are proponents for agrressive fluid therapy and for specific resuscitation goals, it is probably best to resuscitate with a balanced crystalloid and to restore normal blood volume, blood pressure and urine output. On the basis of recent data it appears that lactated Ringer's solution may be superior to norm... | 1 | Isotonic crystalloid by IV line | Hypeonic saline by IV line | Hypotonic saline by central line | Vasopressin | Anatomy | G.I.T | ea836eaa-99b7-4709-a617-b8e66bc6127c | multi |
Best-known large sample study programme for coronary heart disease is: | Ans. a (Framingham study). (Ref. Park, Textbook of PSM 17th ed., 277)FRAMINGHAM STUDYone of the best known large prospective studies seen (1951) & has played a major role in establishing nature of cardiovascular heart disease risk factors & their related importance.STANFORD-3- COMMUNITY STUDYto determine whether commun... | 1 | Framingham study | North kerolia study | Standford study | Oxford study | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 9c3eeda8-b7b3-4feb-ba1e-36365aef9f0e | single |
Osteoclasts show an intense activity of which of the
following enzymes: | null | 2 | Alkaline phosphatase | Acid phosphatase | Esterase | Carbonic Anhydrase | Medicine | null | 49236e3e-dbfe-4f71-9e38-626a7446061a | single |
Anticancer drug causing lung fibrosis is: | Bleomycin | 1 | Bleomycin | Cisplatin | Fulvestrant | Tamoxifen | Pharmacology | null | 58f011e2-aba8-40aa-b4c5-b699f971957c | single |
All are cluster B disorders of personality except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Avoidant Personality disorderso ClustorA: Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal.o Clustor B: Antisocial (Dissocial), Histrionic, Narcissistic, Borderlineo Clustor C: Anxious (avoidant). Dependent, obsessive - compulsive (anankastic). | 3 | Antisocial | Narcissistic | Avoidant | Borderline | Social & Preventive Medicine | Mental Health | 7d73c45f-f78a-4945-bbd8-610918e80295 | multi |
Cysteine is abundantly found in- | The more the disulfide bond harder the keratin is.- Cysteine contributes to the disulfide bond. | 1 | Keratin | Chondritin sulphate | Creatine | Spermine | Biochemistry | null | 41e2abbe-e7b8-4cdf-bf85-7b39c169252e | single |
C3-nephritic factor (C3Ne) is associated with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Which of the following statements regarding C3Ne is most appropriate? | Activation of the alternate pathway of complement system is seen in type-II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. C3 Nephritic factor is an autoantibody of IgG class which is produced against alternate C3 convease. C3Ne, like properdin, stabilizes the C3b which is normally degraded by regulatory complement proteins... | 3 | It is a native glomerular antigen | It is a circulating immune complex | It is an IgG | Complement C3 convease | Medicine | null | 5eb0731c-3a95-449c-b927-754145ea7cc2 | multi |
Cervix carcinoma arises from: | Note:
• M/C site for carcinoma cervix = Squamo columnar junction
• M/C site for adenocarcinoma of cervix = Endocervix. | 1 | Squamocolumnar junction | Isthmus | Cervical lip | Internal os | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 53f69268-1ef9-4c08-9054-57c32ae35d85 | single |
Amplifier host is - | Pig is amplifier host in japanese encephalitis REF:<\p> ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.521 | 1 | Pig in JE | Dog in rabies | Man in JE | Cattle in JE | Microbiology | Virology | 0d72f3d8-3354-4fa8-8518-91d3bbba740f | single |
The amniotic fluid is in balance by : | Ans. is a, b, c Amniotic fluid originates from In early pregnancy - As an ultrafiltrate of maternal plasma (i.e., option "b" correct). By beginning of the second trimester - It consists of extracellular fluid which diffuses through the fetal skin (i.e., option "e"). After 20 weeks - Cornification of skin prevents this ... | 4 | Excretion by fetal kidneys | Maternal hemostasis | Fetal intestinal absorption | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 90430729-c734-4af0-a426-ffc192526ea6 | multi |
Pasteur effect is: | Ans. D. All of theseThe inhibition of glycolysis by oxygen is referred to as Pasteur effect. This is due to inhibition of the enzyme phosphofructokinase by ATP and citrate (formed in the presence of 02). | 4 | Inhibition of glycolysis | Oxygen is involved | Inhibition of enzyme phosphofructokinase | All of these | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates | e75a121f-a819-472a-9dbe-08cee6b8b4ac | multi |
To differentiate between stress incontinence and detrusor instability investigation done is - | Genuine stress incontinence is defined as urinary leakage occurring during increased bladder pressure when this is solely due to increased abdominal pressure and not due to increased true detrusor pressure. It is caused by sphincter weakness. Detrusor instability this is phasic increase in detrusor pressure (due to pha... | 4 | MCU | Retrograde urethroscopy | Cystourethroscopy | Urodynamic study | Anatomy | Urology | d446e30b-3430-4f13-8a2b-48b169473efd | single |
The most common type of Glomerulonephritis occurs in HIV infection is | (A) FSGS GLOMERULONEPHRITISCINICAL FEATURESETIOLOGY* ADP-GN* Nephritic syndrome* Post-streptococcal (2/3rd cases)Diffuse proliferative GN* Gross hematuria + edema + hypertension* Leprosy, ABE, SBEAcute GN* Oliguria* RBC cast: most specific* RPGN (Crescentic GN)* Sub acute RF* Nephritic syndrome* Complement level Normal... | 1 | FSGS | RPGN | ADP-GN | MPGN | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 63a3532b-aa46-4f77-9d24-11c35067f829 | single |
Which of the following is X linked disease? | Autosomal recessive conditions System Disorder Metabolic Cystic fibrosis Galactosemia Homocystinuria a1 antitrypsin deficiency Wilson disease Hemochromatosis Glycogen storage disease Lysosomal storage disease Hematopoietic Thalassemias Sickle cell anemia Endocrine CAH(congenital adrenal hyperplasia) Skeletal Ehlers dan... | 3 | Thalassemia | Galactosemia | Color blindness | Sickle cell disease | Pathology | Specific Cytogenetic Disorders | 8341bc92-48c7-4165-b847-45777cc90579 | single |
Type II hypersensitivity is mediated by- | Reference :Robbins basic pathology 9th edition pg no 114:antibodies directed against target antigens on the surface of cells or other tissue components cause type II hypersensitivity | 1 | Immune complex | Ig G | Ig M | Complement | Pathology | General pathology | 9ce68be2-d353-404c-8fb0-45ee082a4c18 | single |
ECT is contraindicated in: | Intracranial SOL | 1 | Intracranial SOL | Pregnancy | Cardiac disease | Psychosis | Psychiatry | null | 7b4425c5-cae4-4fe8-8966-4e463075f3cf | single |
Down's syndrome predisposes to _____cancer – | Down's syndrome predisopse to → AML, ALL, Juvenile type of CML, Transient myeloproliferative disorder, Myelodysplasia. | 4 | AML | CML | ALL | All of these | Pediatrics | null | 7341a681-f058-4952-b9ac-7c9547909176 | multi |
Medulla oblongata is supplied by the following aeries, EXCEPT: | Blood supply to medulla oblongata is provided by veebral aery and its branches such as anterior spinal aery, posterior spinal aery and posterior inferior cerebellar aery. Anterior spinal aery supplies anterior and medial aspect of medulla oblongata. Posterior spinal aery supplies lateral aspect of medulla. PICA runs be... | 1 | Bulbar Aery | Basilar Aery | Anterior Spinal Aery | Posterior Inferior cerebellar Aery | Anatomy | null | bdb34ea9-6f65-40e7-80d8-bc5fb0699a89 | multi |
As the thickness of split skin graft increases | The thicker the dermis that is taken -Fewer but brisker bleeding points on the donor site The more durable will be the graft once healed (although it might take longer and require more care), Also more difficult will be donor site healingThicker grafts heal with less contracture Bailey and love 26e pg: 403 | 2 | Donor sites heal better | Fewer but brisker bleeding points on the donor site | More the wound contracture at recipient site | Faster the healing at recipient site | Surgery | General surgery | 887110fe-7de0-4bef-9db3-a90ab5acd9f2 | single |
The color of granules in mycetoma caused by Actinomadura pelletieri - | null | 3 | Black | Yellow | Red | Brown | Microbiology | null | 9df6a40e-7e53-46ec-a1f8-68c3666aa34c | single |
Which type of shift in intracranial content is common in children with progressive hydrocephalus | Hydrocephalus is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. This excessive accumulation results in an abnormal dilation of the spaces in the brain called ventricles. Increased pressure in the posterior ... | 4 | Transforaminal herniatation | Upward cerebellar herniation | Unilateral transtentorial herniation | Central transtentorial herniation | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system | 2a605401-b691-49f5-a008-c57d70c0fda9 | single |
A 20-year-old man is being treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. While neutropenic, he becomes severely hypotensive with a temperature of 38.5degC. His blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg, pulse 120/min, and heart sounds are normal. The JVP is below the sternal angle, lungs are clear, and his extremities are warm and flu... | In septic shock, right atrial pressure, and systemic vascular resistance are low. Cardiac output can be normal or high in early sepsis. | 4 | decreased right atrial pressure (RAP), low cardiac output (CO), and increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) | increased RAP, decreased CO, increased SVR | increased RAP, decreased CO, decreased SVR | decreased RAP, increased CO, decreased SVR | Medicine | C.V.S. | d05cd65d-5afe-4885-9549-89cce170f669 | multi |
Wilm's tumor associated with all except | Answer- D. Digeorge syndromeThese are -WAGR syndromeDenys - Drash syndromeBeckwith - Wiedeman syndrome | 4 | WAGR | Beckwith Weidman | Dennis dash | Digeorge syndrome | Pathology | null | 9d3de110-7a9d-425a-9113-fe0e70dcad08 | multi |
All are true about Keloid EXCEPT: | Ans: (c) Subsides over timeRef: Manipal Manual of Surgery 4th ed. / 9* Keloids can be remembered as uscars that dont know when to stop"* A keloid, sometimes referred to as a keloid scar, is a tough heaped-up scar that rises quite abruptly above the rest of the skin.* It can appear few day to few weeks after surgery.* I... | 3 | May be familial | Appears mostly on sternum | Subsides over time | Hyperkeratotic | Skin | General | 0f1aefd6-e574-47cf-9a4b-2c82cd88cccf | multi |
All these are the properties of exotoxin except: | (Refer: Anantha Narayanan and Paniker’s Textbook of Microbiology, 9th edition, pg no: 75)
Differences between Exotoxin and Endotoxin | 1 | Heat stable | Highly antigenic | Neutralized by antibodies | Protein in nature | Unknown | null | a3e7cf53-db81-4258-9a33-1ecdf01b3e1f | multi |
The following is an anti-apoptotic gene | Refer ribbons 7/e p29, 9/e p55 | 3 | A. Bax | B. Bad | C. Bal-X | D. Bim | Anatomy | General anatomy | f4963d69-c99e-4fd1-a6a5-676d22350be1 | single |
The most common cause of pathological fracture is | D i.e. Secondary deposits | 4 | Delayed union | Mal union | Non union | Secondary deposits | Surgery | null | 1ff79ae3-0fba-41fe-8ac2-fcb4767c5a31 | single |
Lagophthalmos is seen in: | Ans: A (Leprosy) Ref: Parson's Diseases of the Eye :21st edition, pg no - 176: Basak Diseases of the Eye 5th edition, pg no 117. Explanation: Lagophthalmos Inadequate closure of the eyelids, resulting in exposure of the eye. Etiology - nocturnal lagophthalmos Facial nerve palsy - Bell's palsy, leprosy, sarcoid, CSOM, P... | 1 | Leprosy | Syphilis | Peripheral neuritis | HZV infection | Unknown | null | 19c25791-fa2a-4f71-985d-ecb66e8b6a8f | single |
Type of anaemia caused by pulmonary TB | Microcytie hypochromic anaemia Tuberculosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder. It is associated with anemia of chronic disease Anemia that is often observed in patients with infectious inflammatory or neoplastic disease that persists for more than 1 or 2 months is called anemia of chronic disease. - The characteristic... | 4 | Iron-deficiency | Megaloblastic | Sideroblastic | Microcytic Hypochromic anaemia | Surgery | null | af153ac2-c470-49be-a3c8-94cbebeebb8a | single |
Schneider's first rank symptom is ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Audible thoughts Schneider's first rank symptoms Hallucinations :- Audible thoughts, voices commenting on one's action, voices heard arguing two or more hallucinatory voices discussing the subject in third person (third person hallucination). Thought attention phenomena :- Thought inseion, thought wit... | 1 | Depresonalization | Derealization | Audible thoughts | Insomnia | Psychiatry | null | 746e3587-00d2-4dd6-83e6-ccb6ccfa0d66 | single |
Softening of uterine isthmus and lower segment in early pregnancy is known as: UP 07; MAHE 11 | Ans. Hegar's sign | 1 | Hegar's sign | Braxton Hick's sign | Goodell's sign | Osiander's sign | Forensic Medicine | null | eeb3312a-e70c-4a3b-afd5-a73ccbacd587 | single |
Herniation of meninges through cranial defect is known as | Anencephaly is characterized by the absence of the cranium and telencephalic structures, with the skull base and orbits covered only by angiomatous stroma. Acrania is the absence of the cranium, with protrusion of disorganized brain tissue.Cephalocele is the herniation of meninges through a cranial defect, typically lo... | 3 | Acrania | Anencephaly | Cephalocele | Encephalocele | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam | f2436fb2-1141-4671-9d30-32a7a2fefae3 | single |
A 64-year-old male noticed the development over the past 3 months of thickened, darkly pigmented skin in axillae and flexural areas of the neck and groin. These areas are neither painful nor pruritic. A punch biopsy of axillary skin reveals undulating epidermal acanthosis with hyperkeratosis and' basal layer hyper pigm... | He has findings typical of acanthosis nigricans, a cutaneous marker for benign and malignant neoplasms. The skin lesions often precede signs and symptoms of associated cancers. They are believed to arise from the action of epidermal growth-promoting factors made by. neoplasms. The rashes that develop with SLE are the r... | 3 | Mastocytosis | AIDS | Acanthosis nigricans | Langerhans cell histiocytosis | Surgery | null | 0635d195-0096-455e-b696-e801cecfe21e | single |
Anal fissure best diagnosed by: | Fissure-in-Ano- Location of dentate line - usually 2cm below the anal verge.- Longitudinal split in the anoderm from anal verge to the dentate line- Location - In posterior midline at 6'o clock position - Fissure is of two types* Acute fissures* Chronic fissures - Chronic fissures - Characterized by Triad* CANOE- SHAPE... | 2 | Anoscopy | History and superficial clinic examination | PR examination | USG | Surgery | Rectum and anal canal | e3717799-ad0c-40a8-b3bc-7193c52a942e | single |
In a patient with fixed respiratory obstruction Helium is used along with Oxygen instead of plain oxygen because | B i.e. It decreases turbulence | 2 | It increases the absorption of oxygen | It decreases turbulence | It decreases the dead space | For analgesia | Anaesthesia | null | 3a0ffbe4-a3c2-4a62-a9b2-ae3ff303b88b | single |
A 60 year old man with history of long standing diabetes mellitus presents with painless, swollen right ankle joint. X-rays of the ankle show destroyed joint with large number of loose bodies. The most probable diagnosis is: | Ans. A. Charcot's jointa. It is progressive destructive arthritis arising from loss of pain sensation and proprioceptionb. Joints lack normal reflex safeguard against abnormal stress injury.c. Causes- DM, Tabes dorsalis, Leprosy, syringomyelia, Myelomeningocele, Chronic alcoholism | 1 | Charcot's joint | Clutton's joint | Osteoarthritis | Rheumatoid arthritis | Orthopaedics | Arthritis | dd0311fe-6496-4be0-a497-074b115c0c5d | single |
If angle of mandible is obtuse it means that the bone belongs to -a) Adult maleb) Adult femalec) Young female childd) Elderly person | null | 2 | ab | cd | bd | ac | Forensic Medicine | null | b6cd8b3b-2da4-41fe-afea-237530bf8493 | single |
What is the first line of drug for post-menopausal Osteoporosis? | Treatment of post-menopausal Osteoporosis : Bisphosphonates First-line therapy. They increase bone density and reduce the risk for spine, hip and non-veebral fractures. Synthetic analogues of pyrophosphate that bind to the hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption. | 3 | Raloxifene | Oestrogen | Bisphosphonates | Combined OCP's | Medicine | NEET Jan 2020 | 58d0cd24-5558-4b0f-9b2b-7f89fa921938 | single |
Stretch reflex of bladder is integrated at | The bladder smooth muscle has some inherent contractile activity; however, when its nerve supply is intact, stretch receptors in the bladder wall initiate a reflex contraction that has a lower threshold than the inherent contractile response of the muscle. Fibers in the pelvic nerves are the afferent limb of the voidin... | 1 | Sacral poion | Lumber poion | Substantia gelatinosa | Sympathetic plexus | Physiology | Renal physiology | 0f635ba0-0be1-44c5-a1b1-293190a2efd7 | single |
Which of the following cells are more abundant in chronic inflammation than in acute inflammation? | null | 1 | Plasma cells | Eosinophils | Neutrophils | Normoblasts | Pathology | null | 23865d2c-74d6-4039-af2a-9562b38d7ce9 | single |
Human communicating nerve is found in which organ | LarynxThe internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is joined to the recurrent laryngeal nerve by a communication called the ramus communicans of "Loop of Galen".The "human communicating nerve" is an anastomosis between the external branch of the SLN and the distal RLN. Approximately 70% of human larynges have th... | 3 | Brain | Eye | Larynx | Ear | Anatomy | All India exam | 75e2ce96-499d-4304-bd98-001b6ee30c06 | single |
A 47-year old woman was referred for bone pain and abnormal findings on radiography. The patient repoed that for the past 17 years, she has habitually consumed water from that area. She repoed a 5-years history ofpain in the lower back, arms, legs and hips, Because of brittleness, all her teeth had been extracted. Radi... | Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones. In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints. Symptoms are mainly promoted in the bone structure. Due to a high fluoride concentration in the body, the bone is hardened and thus less elasti... | 2 | Silicosis | Fluorosis | Vitamin B toxicity | Hypercalcinosis | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 1e2a890b-0caf-4055-89fe-e0125e1a9958 | multi |
Surgery for undescended testis is best performed before what age: | Undescended testis (cryptochidism) is usually operated after the age of 1 year. There is high chance of testis desend between age of 3-6 months on its own. So it better to do surgery after 1 year of age. Ref: Handbook of Pediatric Urology By Laurence S. Baskin, Barry A. Kogan, 2nd Edition, Page 26 | 3 | Just after bih | 6 months of age | 12 months of age | 24 months of age | Surgery | null | 1cee1231-75d4-448f-bb90-79184514dd62 | single |
In obstruction of second pa of axillary aery, the anastomosis between the following aery will maintain the blood supply of upper limb | When the axillary aery is blocked, collateral circulation is established through the anastomosis around scapula which links the first pa of the subclan aery with the third pa of axillary aery(apa from the communications with the posterior intercostal aeries). The transverse cervical aery is a branch of the subclan aery... | 1 | Deep branch of transverse cervical aery & subscapular aery | Anterior & posterior circumflex humeral | Posterior circumflex humeral & circumflex scapular aery | Suprascapular & anterior circumflex humeral aery | Anatomy | Upper limb | c6f4cb19-fcd1-43cb-86df-9fbc90986bae | single |
Beta-blockers are used in all of the following except: March 2005 | Ans. B: AV Block Indications for beta blockers include: Angina pectoris Atrial fibrillation Cardiac arrhythmia Congestive hea failure Essential tremor Glaucoma Hypeension Migraine prophylaxis Mitral valve prolapse Myocardial infarction Phaeochromocytoma, in conjunction with alpha-blocker Symptomatic control (tachycardi... | 2 | Essential tremors | AV block | Angina pectoris | Migraine prophylaxis | Pharmacology | null | f93d983c-67d5-4795-a576-41c9619c6b32 | multi |
Which of the following radioisotopes is commonly used as a source for external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer patients – | Cobalt - 60 and Cesium - 137 are most commonly used radioisotopes for teletherapy (External beam radiation). | 4 | Strontium–89 | Radium–226 | Cobalt–59 | Cobalt–60 | Radiology | null | c2322501-d813-45ba-b770-db33a35f4847 | single |
Which of the following events DO NOT occur in rods in response to light | null | 4 | Structural changes in rhodopsin | Activation of transducin | Decreased intracellular cGMP | Opening of Na+ channels | Physiology | null | dd052e28-41b5-4137-be0d-d01a05597838 | single |
A mother arrives to your office in a panic. She had just returned home from the delivery of her third child, who was born by cesarean section because he was large for gestation age. Upon changing his first diaper at home she noticed gross blood in his diaper. On examination, you find a left-sided abdominal mass that wa... | The child in the question likely has renal vein thrombosis, a condition more commonly seen in infants who are dehydrated, had birth depression, have polycythemia or were born to diabetic mothers. The child in the case was large for gestational age, a hint that gestational diabetes might have been present and which also... | 4 | Urine catheterization and initiation of intravenous antibiotics | Measurement of urine catecholamines to include vanillylmandelic and homovanillic acid levels | CT scan of the chest and abdomen | Renal ultrasound with renal vein Doppler studies | Pediatrics | Urinary Tract | 0852953c-aa60-4ce0-989e-db70693de472 | multi |
Gingival biopsy is useful in the diagnosis of- | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. In systemic amyloidosis renal biopsy provides the best detection rate but rectal biopsy also has a good pickup rate. However gingiva and skin biopsy have poor result. . | 2 | Sarcoidosis | Amyloidosis | Histoplasmosis | Scurvy | Pathology | General pathology | 03a3cd0c-b6ec-418e-82d2-23bb90a5326c | single |
Which of the following is not an Element of Primary health care? | Elements of primary health care Although specific services provided will vary in different countries and communities, the Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of primary health care Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them; Promotion of food ... | 4 | Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition | Maternal and child health care, including family planning | Immunization against major infectious diseases | Health planning and management | Social & Preventive Medicine | PH Care, Elements & Principles | bb173e6b-2332-4e95-af5d-6b3f7d29d34c | single |
Which of the following is not a symptom of menetrier disease | Menetrier disease associated with loss of proteins and diarrhoea so there will be weight loss | 1 | Weight gain | Edema | Diarrhea | Vomiting | Surgery | null | 7fd627bb-b9b8-4f0e-a760-3dbb52492030 | single |
Mummification is enhanced by ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dry and hot air Mummification It is a modification of putrefaction, which occurs in the absence of moisture. That is when there is excess air and warmth but no moisture (humidity), i.e. hot dry and windy climate, mummification takes place in place of normal putrefaction. Thus mummification occurs in d... | 3 | Moist and hot air | Moist and cool air | Dry and hot air | Dry and cool air | Forensic Medicine | null | fd19c6ee-6bfd-4fb3-bc1c-5d98f0f7cb2b | single |
The following test is useful for diagnosis of | Ans. (b) Meniere's disease.* The image shows performance of the caloric stimulation test.* Irrigation of the external meatus with water 7deg above and later 7deg below body temperature sets up convection currents of the endolymph in the semi-circular canals.* This causes nystagmus, and the duration of the nystagmus giv... | 2 | Unsafe CSOM | Meniere's disease | Gradenigo syndrome | Cholesteatoma | ENT | Diagnostic & Operative ENT | feb8573f-f524-4eec-98d1-4bac1abe25dd | single |
Which of the following post is recommended: | Active screw can lead to root fracture. | 2 | Active | Passive. | Both | Any of the above. | Dental | null | a29ead89-fe5a-407b-b46a-a8ee956393c9 | multi |
Multiple myeloma on radionuclide scanning presents as | Hot spots' or | distribution is seen inBone tumor or cancerBone metastasis from breast, lung, prostate, thyroid & kidney.Fracture, when it cannot be seen on a regular X-ray Bone injections (osteomyelitis)Cause of bone pain.Metabolic disorders such as osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophy, primary hyperparathyroidism, oste... | 1 | Cold nodule | Hot nodule | Diffuse increased uptake | Diffuse decreased uptake | Pathology | All India exam | b7570ca4-7a82-42a0-80c2-fd2c0898ec97 | single |
A patient with increased BP and decreased heart rate is likely to have all except | null | 2 | Increased ICT | Deep sea diving | Head trauma | Brain tumor | Physiology | null | 3f416ac0-becb-4bc7-be9b-d18bc595ea94 | multi |
Morris Index positive in ECG is suggestive of | The index proposed by Morris (amplitude of the negative deflection in V1 in mm multiplied by its duration in seconds) is positive if greater than 0.03Morris Index positive in ECG is suggestive of Another sign of Left atrial enlargement in ECG is P wave width >2.5 mm in lead II.Right, atrial enlargement P wave height >2... | 2 | Right atrial enlargement | Left atrial enlargement | Right ventricular hyperophy | left ventricular hyperophy | Microbiology | All India exam | e79a4c47-4947-48a2-b91d-7a52a4030256 | single |
Tattooing in old decomposed body can be visualized by use of all except ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gamma rays Latent tattoo marks are faded marks and they can be visualized by Use of ultraviolet light Infrared photograpy Rubbing the pa and examining under magnifying glass If tattoo marks are obscured by decomposition they can be visualized by treating with 3 % H2O2. Tatto marks can be developed by ... | 2 | H2O2 3% | Gamma rays | Infrared photography | Examination with magnifying glass | Forensic Medicine | null | ed6942cc-c5b1-4a5c-bc3b-2f282c6a8889 | multi |
Arrange the enzymes used to conve propionyl CoA to glucose in sequence: A. Methyl malonyl CoA racemase B. Succinate Thiokinase C. Methyl malonyl CoA mutase D. Propionyl CoA carboxylase | Succinate Thiokinase is enzyme used in TCA. | 2 | D- B- C-A | D- A- C-B | A- D- B-C | B- A- D-C | Biochemistry | Gluconeogenesis | a2cc96a3-42df-45f2-bf69-5568c1ea8e5c | single |
If less current is needed to elicit a response from a traumatized tooth indicates: | If injured tooth requires more current than that for a normal tooth to give response indicates pulp death.
If less current is needed to elicit a response from a traumatize tooth indicates pulpal inflammation. | 1 | Pulpal inflammation | Pulp necrosis. | Pulp death. | All of the above. | Dental | null | 163db6f8-cbdf-4573-b5de-5d1e29e7e233 | multi |
All of the following are true about glucose transport in kidney except | Sodium glucose linked transporter is an example of secondary active transport. | 1 | Sodium Glucose symport is an example of primary active transport | GLUT - 2 receptors are present along basolaterl membrane | Defective SGLT - 2 leads to isolated renal glycosuria | Transport maximum for glucose is 2 oomg / dL | Physiology | null | dbe88397-a505-451a-9829-3fbc6657992b | multi |
A patient is diagnosed having paronychia. Which of the following would one expect to note during the assessment? | Paronychia is nail bed infection and it is the most common hand infection. It is characterized by red, shiny skin, often associated with painful swelling. After initial inflammation, pus accumulates beside the nail. These infections frequently result from trauma, picking at the nail, or disorders such as dermatitis. Of... | 1 | Red shiny skin around the nail bed | White taut skin at the finger pulp | Avulsion of nail from its bed | Swelling involving the distal pulp | Dental | Disorders of nail | 4adf7b13-b8f2-4e18-85e6-1c87e571fd37 | single |
All of the following are topically used sulfonamides EXCEPT: | SULFONAMIDES: 1 . Sho acting ( 4-8 hr ): Sulfadiazine 2. Intermediate acting (8-12 hr ): Sulfamethm,azole 3. Long acting ( -7 days): Sulfadoxine, Sulfamethopyrazine 4. Special purpose sulfonamides: Sulfacetamide sod, Mafenide, Silver sulfadiazine, Sulfasalazine. Sulfasalazine (Salicylazosulfapyridine) It is a compound ... | 2 | Sulfacetamide | Sulfasalazine | Silver sulfadiazine | Mafenide | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy | 9dfbc27d-d3fd-4178-aa3f-569649d45272 | multi |
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