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Enlargement of pituitary tumor after adrenalectomy is called as?
ANSWER: (A) Nelson s syndromeREF: Schwartzs Principles of Surgery 9th edition chapter 38. Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal "Nelson's syndrome is the rapid enlargement of a pituitary adenoma that occurs after the removal of both adrenal glands"Approximately 30% of patients who undergo bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushin...
1
Nelson s syndrome
Steel Richardson syndrome
Hamman rich syndrome
Job s syndrome
Surgery
Physiology and Pathophysiology - Secondary & Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
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multi
Drug not used for Pseudomembranous colitis
All except streptogramins are used. Drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis is metronidazole,in resistant cases vancomycin given orally. Fidaxomycin is newer class of macrolide type of antibiotic used specially for PMC Ref:KDT 6/e p799
4
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
Fidaxomycin
Streptogramins
Pharmacology
All India exam
d39d5666-ddc7-4ac6-928f-8bbb6ea122bf
single
False about xenon anesthesia
It has been shown that, compared to other anesthetic regimens, Xenon anesthesia produces the highest regional blood flow in the brain, liver, kidney and intestine. In conclusion, the most impoant positive effectsof Xenon are cardiovascular stability, cerebral protection and ourable pharmacokinetics. Ref ganong's review...
2
Slow induction and slow recovery
Minimal cardiovascular side effects
Low solubility in blood
Explosive in nature
Physiology
All India exam
344ae15f-80eb-446b-a513-d309ae6ca197
multi
Which of the following is the most common congenital cardiac defect?
VSD is the most common congenital hea diseaseTOF is the commonest cyanotic congenital hea disease(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 2194 - 2195)
3
TOF
Transposition of great aeries
Ventricular septal defect
Atrial septal defect
Pediatrics
All India exam
32942fa1-4d1a-45b9-9504-b9fbad4bc125
single
All of the following are Light's criteria for exudative I pleural effusion:
Answer is D (Pleural fluid ADA and Serum ADA <16): Ratio of Pleural fluid ADA and Serum ADA <16 is not pa of Light's Criteria. Light's criteria, rely on a comparison of the chemistries in the pleural fluid to those in the blood, to establish the cause of the effusion as transudate or exudates. According to Light's crit...
4
Pleural fluid protein to serum protein > 0.5
Pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH > 0.6
Pleural fluid LDH is > 2/3 times the normal upper limit for serum
Pleural fluid ADA to Serum ADA <16
Medicine
null
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multi
Pulsus bisiferiens is seen in all, except -
pulsus bisferiens, , is a sign where, on palpation of the pulse, a double peak per cardiac cycle can be appreciated. Bisferious means striking twice. Classically, it is detected when aoic insufficiency exists in association with aoic stenosis, but may also be found in isolated but severe aoic insufficiency and hyperoph...
4
Aoic regurgitation + Aoic stenosis
obstructive cardiomyopathy
Hyperophic cardiomyopathy
Tetralogy of Fallot
Medicine
C.V.S
1770927c-cf5d-4b5a-b963-a80fe7d4c55e
multi
A 45 years Female came with a 4 cm nodule in thyroid which on FNAC revealed papillary cell carcinoma. Level III lymphnodes are also involved. How do you treat this patient?
null
3
Hemithyroidectomy + Central lymph node dissection
Subtotal thyroidectomy
Total thyroidectomy + Modified radical neck dissection
Only total thyroidectomy
Surgery
null
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A 69-year-old man comes to the physician because of the gradual onset of pain, tingling and hyperesthesia in the medial aspect of his right arm. Shortly thereafter, he develops erythema and then an outbreak of vesicles on the medial aspect of his right arm extending from his medial epicondyle to the wrist. After severa...
null
2
Brainstem
Dorsal root ganglion
Sensory nerve axon
Sensory nerve root
Medicine
null
234c6833-b1e3-4452-88bf-cfd490dc5bad
multi
WHO defi nes adolescent age between -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 10-19 years o Adolescence is usually the period 10 to 20 yr.
1
10-19 years
10-14 years
10-25 years
9-14 years
Pediatrics
Development and Epidemiology
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single
All of the following can be administrated in acute hypertension during labour EXCEPT
Nitroprusside can cause severe hypotension. It is powerful arteriolar and venodilator. It is contraindicated in eclampsia.
4
IV Labetalol
IV Esmolol
IV Hydralazine
IV Nitroprusside
Pharmacology
null
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multi
Difference between neurosis and psychosis is
B i.e. Insight
2
Severity
Insight
Clinical features
Duration
Psychiatry
null
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single
Which of the following is / are autoimmune disease:
Rheumatoid arthritis is reported in about 15 percent cases of Sjogren’s syndrome.
4
Sjogren's syndrome.
Mikulicz's disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis.
All of the above.
Pathology
null
a82dff36-43ee-4669-89a0-a17663afd6ed
multi
Fatty change is seen in?
* Fatty change is particularly common in the liver but may occur in other non - fatty tissues as well e.g. in the heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys (lipoid nephrosis or minimum change disease) and other organs.* Fatty change, steatosis or fatty metamorphosis is the intracellular accumulation of neutral fat within parench...
2
Brain
Kidney
Adrenal
Bladder
Pathology
Kidney
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single
Health education charts serially flashed to the group as the talk is being given is called as
null
3
Flannel graph
Flash cards
Flip charts
Exhibition charts
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
All are structures passing between base of skull and superior constrictor except (Repeat Q 2008 )
Ans: a (Glossopharyngeal nerve) Ref: Chaurasia 4th ed pg 223 fig. 14.18, pg 225The structures passing between the superior constrictor and the base of skull (sinus of morgagni):A-L-A-auditory tubelevator veli palateascending palatine artery"Auditory tube is about 3.6 cm long and is divided into an outer bony part which...
1
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Pharyngobasilar fascia
Eustachian tube
Levator veli palate\
Anatomy
Pharynx
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multi
Inhaled sodium cromoglycate :
null
3
Prevents the antigen antibody combination
May cause cardiac arrhythmias
Is of benefit in preventing exercise induced bronchial spasm
Is effective in alleviating an acute episode of allergic asthma
Pharmacology
null
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multi
A 45 year old male presented with palpitations, tachycardia & anxiety. His BP is 158/90 mmHg. The patient also has mild depression and is presently taking citalopram, labetalol & amlodipine to control his blood pressure. 24-hour urine total metanephrines are ordered and show an elevation of 1.5 times the upper limit of...
Investigations done in pheochromocytoma 24 hour urinary fractionated metanephrine 24 hour urinary catecholamines 24 hour urinary vanillylmandelic acid level IOC- Plasma fractionated metanephrine levels 24-hour urine total metanephrines has high sensitivity & value of three times the upper limit of normal is highly sugg...
1
Hold labetalol for 1 week and repeat testing
Hold citalopram for 1 week and repeat testing
Refer immediately for surgical evaluation
Measure 24-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid level
Medicine
Disorders of Adrenal Gland
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multi
Which of the following is not useful for coagulation
null
1
Plasmin
Thrombin
Calcium
Fibrin
Physiology
null
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single
Area number for Motor area include
4 & 6 {Description: Bradman's areas of Cerebral cortex)
1
4 & 6
1, 2 & 3
5 & 7
16 & 18
Physiology
Miscellaneous Nervous System
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First sound by child is:
Most children are able to produce the bilabial sounds (made with the lips) of “b, p, m, w” first, since these are sounds visible on the lips.  They may also produce sounds (linguo-alveolar) such as “d, n, t” early on as well. These sounds are called linguo-alveolar, since they are produced with the tongue behind the tee...
2
Sibilant
Bilabial
Fricative
Monolabial
Dental
null
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Function of coenzyme is to
Enzymes may be simple proteins , or complex enzymes, containing a non -protein pa, called the prosthetic group. The prosthetic group is called the co-enzyme.It is heat stable. The protein pa is named as apoenzyme.It is heat labile.The two poions combined together are called the HOLOENZYME. First group of co-enzymes: In...
3
Enhance the specificity of apoenzyme
Accept one of the cleavage products
Activate the substrate
Increase the active sites of apoenzyme
Biochemistry
Enzymes
f89e32d4-f61d-44a9-a285-c8ac6f1d21d1
single
Auto antibody in Sjogrens syndrome is?
Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 131,(green box=Pathogenesis) Most patients with primary sjogren syndrome have auto antibodies to the ribo-nucleoprotien (RNP) antigensSS-A(RO) and SS-B(la).
2
Anti centromere antibody
Anti Ro & anti La
Anti ds DNA
Anti RNP
Pathology
General pathology
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single
An 85-year old male cigar smoker with no notable medical history presented with black discoloration and hairy appearance ofthe tongue, which had lasted several years. He said he did not use bismuth- containing compounds. This condition could be treated with all of the following except -
Treatment is by reassurance, as the condition is benign, and then by correction of any predisposing factors.This may be cessation of smoking or cessation/substitution of implicated medications or mouthwashes, applying topical retinoids. Generally direct measures to return the tongue to its normal appearance involve imp...
1
Topical antibiotics
Discounting smoking
Application of 40 percent urea
Applying topical retinoids
Medicine
Miscellaneous
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multi
Politzer bag maneuver used to test:
Politzer bag maneuver used to test Eustachian tube Designed for those who can`t perform Valsalva test Politzer bag is connected to rubber tube- Tube is placed in one nostril and other is closed-Air is blown with pressure by pressing the bulb-Air enters nasopharynx - opens eustachian tube & enters middle ear- pops out T...
1
Eustachian tube
Larynx
Esophagus
Nasal cavity
ENT
Anatomy of Middle Ear
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single
Poisoning by irritants may be mistaken for :
C i.e. Gastroenteritis
3
Peritonitis
Cholera
Gastroenteritis
Intestinal obstruction
Forensic Medicine
null
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Argon laser trabeculoplasty is done in:
In Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty (ALT) Laser beam is focused on trabecular meshwork Opens up the pores of trabecular meshwork. So that more Aqueous can flow through it in faster time Lowers Intra ocular pressure Typically done in open angle glaucoma Trabecular meshwork After ALT
4
Angle closure glaucoma
Angle recession glaucoma
Secondary glaucoma
Open angle glaucoma
Ophthalmology
FMGE 2018
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single
PANDAS are associated with which of the following infection?
PANDAS is sho for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections. A child may be diagnosed with PANDAS when: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorder, or both suddenly appear following a streptococcal (strep) infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever. Reference:...
2
Pseudomonas
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Neisseria
Pediatrics
All India exam
7c856a1f-cd7d-443a-8449-b3282a170f0f
single
Which of the following is absolutely essential for wound healing
refrobbins 7/e p 114;9/e p106 synthesis of collagen. It is also a highly effective antioxidant protecting cells from damage by free radicals. Studies have shown that the vitamin can help speed thehealing process of wounds.
3
Vit D
Carbohydrates
Vit C
Balanced diet
Anatomy
General anatomy
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single
Binocular single vision is tested by ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Synoptophore Grades of binocular single vision There are three grades of binocular single vision, which are best tested with the help of a synoptophore. 1. Grade-I - Simultaneous perception It is the power to see two dissimilar objects stimultaneously. It is tested by projecting two dissimilar objects...
2
Amsler grid
Synoptophore
Maddox rod
Cardboard test
Ophthalmology
null
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single
Final centre for horizontal movement of eye is:
Ans. Abducent nucleus
1
Abducent nucleus
Trochlear nucleus
Oculomotor nucleus
Vestibular nucleus
Ophthalmology
null
e26b7a4f-a9e8-4161-a1b1-aab2c6fc18e8
single
ACRTI-RADS scan for thyroid nodule characteristics include all except:
Ans: (c) VascularityColl Radiol 2017 May, 14(5), Page 587-595ACR TI-RADS is a reporting system for thyroid nodules on ultrasound proposed by the American College of Radiology.It is based on the following characteristic of the lesion:CompositionEchogenicityShapeMarginEchogenic fociRecommendationsTR1: No FNAC requiredTR2...
3
Margin
Echogenicity
Vascularity
Shape
Radiology
Endocrine System
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multi
For cephalometric projection, what should be the distance between source and the subject?
Distance between source and the subject = 5 feet. Distance between film and the subject = 15 cm.
1
5 feet
6 feet
7 feet
9 feet
Radiology
null
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single
In meiosis chromosome number is
.Ans b: (Ref: NCERT text book)
2
Doubled
Halved
Reduced to one fourth
Will not alter
Pathology
Genetics
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single
Ocular manifestations of neurofibromatosis
Ocular - a,b,c Cutaneous - cafe-au-lait spots to neurofibromota.
4
Neurofibromas of lids & Orbit
Glioma of optic nerve
Congenital glaucoma
All the above.
Ophthalmology
null
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multi
Triple deformity of knee joint is seen in
TB KNEE has two stages. In late stage it shows TRIPLE DEFORMITY- Posterior Subluxation External Rotation Flexion Other condition showing triple deformity of knee-Rheumatoid Ahritis REF : MAHESWARI 9TH ED
1
Tuberculosis
Trauma
Malignant tumour
Sarcoidosis
Orthopaedics
Skeletal infections
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single
The rate of mixed whole stimulated saliva increases with age in which of the following age group (according to Crossner)
Crossner reported that in children from 5 to 15 years of age, the rate of mixed whole stimulated saliva increases with age, and boys have consistently higher rates than girls.  Saliva substitutes, as well as fluoride and chlorhexidine rinses, are reported to enhance remineralization and promote resistance to deminerali...
2
1-2 year of Age
5-15 year of Age
3-4 year of Age
Above 15 years
Dental
null
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multi
Following are radiological evidence of Achalasia cardia except not related -radiology
.
4
Smooth narrowing of esophagus
Dilated touous esophagus
Absence of air in the fundus
Exaggerated peristalsis
Pharmacology
All India exam
82bc60bb-fe7e-41e6-bb45-7e69335f0edc
multi
Most common cause of acute intestinal obstruction in children is
null
3
Volvulus
Inguinal hernia
Intussusception
null
Surgery
null
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multi
Optic tract is related to :
B. i.e. Lateral geniculate body
2
Olivary mucleus
Lat. Geniculate body
Medial geniculate body
Trapezoid body
Anatomy
null
617bd44f-cd27-4c7c-83ae-3c09ef2a3b1b
single
The T wave on an ECG tracing represents which of the events in the cardiac cycle?
The T wave represents ventricular repolarization and is longer in duration than depolarization (i.e., conduction of the repolarization wave is slower than the wave of depolarization). The P wave represents the wave of depolarization that spreads from the SA node throughout the atria, and is usually 0.08 to 0.1 seconds ...
4
Atrial depolarization
Atrial repolarization
Ventricular depolarization
Ventricular repolarization
Physiology
null
39565d89-bc72-46cf-8afd-2b8030a5c879
single
Which of the following is a specific risk factor for development of adenocarcinoma of ethmoid sinus?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Wood workers * Paranasal sinus cancer is uncommon and represents only 0.2 to 0.8% of all malignancies.* Cancer of paranasal sinus constitutes 3% of all carcinomas of the aerodigestive tract.* The majority of paranasal sinus malignancies (50-80%) originate within the maxillary sinus antrum. Malignancie...
4
Smoking
Nickel industry worker
Mustard gas exposure
Wood workers
ENT
Nose and PNS
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A pharmaceutical company develops a new antihypertensive drug. Samples of 24 hypertensive patients, randomly selected from a large population of hypertensive people, are randomly divided into 2 groups of 12. One group is given the new drug over a period of 1 month; the other group is given a placebo according to the sa...
Here, a pharmaceutical company develops a new anti-hypertensive drug; samples of 24 hypertensive patients, randomly selected from a large population of hypertensive people, are randomly divided into 2 groups of 12, and one group is given the new drug over a period of 1 month & the other group is given a placebo accordi...
1
Is a randomized controlled clinical trial
Uses a crossover design
Is a single blind experiment
Is a prospective study
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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Chlamydia are isolated by :
Isolation of chlamydiae can done by : Inoculationinto yolk sac/embryonated eggs of 6-8 day old chick embryo which may be pretreated by streptomycin or polymyxin Inculation into experimental animals (mice) Tissue/cell culture : Preferred mode Commonly used cell lines are McCoy and HeLa cells. Cell cultures are pretreate...
2
Enzyme immune assay
Yolk sac inoculation
Direct immunofluorescence
Micro immunofluorescence
Unknown
null
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Indirect pulp capping procedures on primary molars are indicated when:
null
4
Removal of decay has exposed the pulp
A tooth has a Larger long-standing lesion with a history of continuous pain
The carious lesion has just penetrated the dentinoenamel junction
The carious lesion is suspected of producing an exposure of the pulp
Dental
null
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single
A 50 yr. old male presented with chronic breathlessness and intermittent jaundice. He denies smoking and alcohol abuse. Lung and liver specimens revealed the following findings respectively What is the most probable diagnosis?
The lung specimen reveals diffusive panacinar emphysema. The liver biopsy shows PAS positive diastase resistant deposits. Both the above clues point towards option C. - Option A hemochromatosis would show pearls stain on liver biopsy. - Cystic fibrosis would show bronchiectasis.
3
Hemochromatosis
Cystic fibrosis
Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
Wilsons disease
Unknown
Integrated QBank
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single
Peripheral neuropathy can be as a side effect of all of the following anti-retroviral drugs, EXCEPT:
Peripheral neuropathy is a rare side effect of Lamivudine. Side effects of lamivudine are headache, fatigue, nausea, anorexia and abdominal pain. Predominant side effect of stavudine is peripheral neuropathy. Predominant side effect of Zalcitabine is peripheral neuropathy, other side effects asssociated with it are pan...
1
Lamivudine
Didanosine
Stavudine
Zalcitabine
Pharmacology
null
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multi
Apical lung tumor causes
Apical lung cancer/ Pancoast tumor causes - 2deg neuron injury (Preganglionic sympathetic fibres) I/L horner syndrome (Cervical sympathetic chain and ganglion involved) Loss of sweating on same side of face 1deg sympathetic neuron injury occurs in Wallenberg syndrome 2deg sympathetic neuron (preganglionic fibers) injur...
4
C/L horner syndrome
Post ganglionic fibres involved
1deg neuron injury
Loss of sweating on same side of face
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy 3
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single
Recurrence is common in pleomorphic adenoma because of:
Pleomorphic Adenoma: Local enucleation should be avoided  because the entire tumor may not be removed or the capsule may be violated, resulting in seeding of  the tumor bed. With adequate surgery the prognosis is excellent, with a cure rate of more than 95%. The risk of recurrence appears to be lower for tumors of the ...
2
Metastasis
Incomplete capsule
Highly aggressive nature
All of the above
Pathology
null
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Drug used in alzheimer's disease are all EXCEPT:
Ans. (a) BiperidinRef.: Harrison 19th ed. / 2601-02Alzheimer's disease is most common cause of dementia.Drugs Used in the Treatment of Alzheimer's are:* Acetycholine esterase inhiitors:# Donepezil# Tacrine# Galantamine* Rivastigmine: Carbamate derivative of physostigmine* Memantine: NMDA glutaminergic antagonist* Biper...
1
Biperidin
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Memantine
Psychiatry
Degenerative Disorders
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multi
Which of the following is an intermediate-acting local anaesthetic which is an amino amide causing methemoglobinemia?
Prilocaine causes methemoglobinemia, hence it is largely limited to dentistry. This effect is a consequence of the metabolism of the aromatic ring to o-toluidine. Development of methemoglobinemia is dependent on the total dose administered, usually appearing after a dose of 8 mg/kg. Methemoglobinemia is more common in ...
2
Procaine
Prilocaine
Etidocaine
Ropivacaine
Anaesthesia
null
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single
Multidrug therapy is given for
B i.e. Leprosy
2
Syphilis
Leprosy
Herpetiformis
Icthyosis Vulgaris
Skin
null
8b5a2c72-1464-4a86-8449-0dd80b05b6ac
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What is phacoanaphylactic Uveitis?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Uveitis as a result of lens tissue induced inflam mation following cataract surgery o Due to cataract extraction or lens trauma, lens matter induces inflammation in the uveal tissue, called phacoanaphylactic/phacotoxic uveitis:# Phacoanaphylaxis/lens-induced uveitis occurs in the setting of a ruptured...
1
Uveitis as a result of lens tissue induced inflam mation following cataract surgery
Uveitis following cataract extraction in automiimune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis
Uveitis seen with phacoemulsification cataract surgery
Uveitis associated with fungal comeal ulcer
Ophthalmology
Uveal Tract
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single
Point source epidemic tends to -a) Continue over one incubation periodb) Produce multiple peaks in the epidemic curvec) Be explosived) Tail gradually
null
2
bd
ac
bcd
da
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
cee1223a-2da7-4b34-bdae-2f56465734ca
multi
Laryngeal papilloma-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Single; 'b' i.e., Multiple & 'c' i.e., Seen in children Laryngeal papilloma o Most common benign tumor of larynx Single or multiple irregular, wa like glottic masses. HPV-6 & 11 may be the causative factor. Treatment is with CO2 laser ablation. a-IFN and indole - 3 - carbinole may also be used.
4
Single
Multiple
Seen in children
All
Pediatrics
null
bf468b2e-efb9-4de7-8358-38836e58f7ae
multi
Which of the following drug must always be available for emergency use in labour ward if a patient on opoid analgesia?
Opoids are used during labor for analgesia. It may cause newborn respiratory depression. Naloxane is a narcotic antagonist capable of reversing this respiratory depression
2
Fentanyl
Naloxone
Morphine
Bupivacaine
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Labour - III
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single
Quincke's disease is
Angioedema is an area of swelling of the lower layer of skin and tissue just under the skin or mucous membranes.The swelling may occur in the face, tongue, larynx, abdomen, or arms and legs. Often it is associated with hives, which are swelling within the upper skin.Onset is typically over minutes to hours Ref Harrison...
2
Norwegian scabies
Angioneuritic edema
Seborrhea olessa
Saddle nose
Dental
Bacterial infections
cb657fff-7821-4b85-97d2-a2c4eca32abc
single
'Mission Indradhanush' includes all of the vaccines except:
c. Typhoid(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1246, 1292-1293, Ghai 8/e p 197-198)Mission IndradhanushIncludes vaccination against 7 life-threatening diseases (diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B) in the entire country
3
BCG
Japanese Encephalitis
Typhoid
Measles
Pediatrics
Immunization
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Typhoid carriers harbor bacteria in
Salmonella typhi or Salmonella typhimurium can infect the gallbladder. Acute cholecystitis can occur. More frequently, chronic cholecystitis occurs, the patient becoming a typhoid carrier excreting the bacteria in the bile.Ref: Bailey and love 27e pg: 1202
1
Gallbladder
Urinary bladder
Pancreas
Spleen
Surgery
General surgery
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multi
Maximum tourniquet time for the upper limb is ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 1-1/2 hr. In experiment animals tourniquets have been retained for three hours without lasting ill effect but in practice an hour and a half is probably a wise limit.
3
1/2 hour
1 hr
1-1/2 hrs.
2 hrs
Surgery
null
d8e7df88-427e-4209-8706-b183d38efbd6
single
Preferred treatment in a 60years old patient with Maxillary carcinoma involving anterolateral pa of maxilla is
Treatment of maxillary carcinomas: Early cases with Stage I and II squamous cell carcinomas are treated with surgery or radiation with equal results. T3 and T4 lesions are treated by combined modalities of radiation and surgery. Radiation in such cases may be given preoperatively or postoperatively Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 2...
3
Radiotherapy only
Total/extended Maxillectomy followed by radiotherapy
Radiotherapy followed by total/extened maxillectomy
Total/extended maxillectomy alone
ENT
Nose and paranasal sinuses
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single
Splicing Activity is a functions of
Sn-RNA is involved in RNA splicing. Sno-RNA → r-RNA modification mi-RNA & St-RNA → Regulation of gene expression  SP-RNA → RNA-interference (RNA i)
2
m RNA
Sn RNA editing
r RNA
t RNA
Biochemistry
null
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single
In rheumatic hea disease, infective endocarditis is detected by echocardiogram and the largest vegetations seen are due to -
Ref: R Alagappan - Manual of Practical Medicine 4th Edition.pg no:161-162 Acute infective endocarditis: Caused by highly virulent organisms mainly S. aureus (20-30%), seeding a previously normal valve 2D Echo * The smallest size of vegetation that can be picked up by echo is 2 mm. * Transoesophageal echocardiography is...
2
Streptococcus viridans
Staphylococcus aureus
Candida albicans
Salmonella typhi
Medicine
C.V.S
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single
Kaposi sarcoma is caused by -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Human herpes virus-8 Important virusesDisease causedo HHV-8Kaposi sarcomaoHHV-6Roseola infantum, multiple sclerosiso VZVChicken pox, herpes zostero EBVIMN, burkitis lymphoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, nasopharyngeal carcinomao Enterovirus-72Hepatitis Ao Coxsackie-AHerpangina, hand-foot-mouth diseaseo Co...
4
Human herpes virus-2
Human herpes virus-4
Human herpes virus-6
Human herpes virus-8
Microbiology
Herpesviruses
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All are true about acute acalculous cholecystitis except
Distended GB is seen in scintigraphy Cholescintigraphy demonstrates absent gallbladder filling in acalculous cholecystitis Acalculous cholecystitis Acute inflammation of gallbladder without stones Clinical features Similar to acute calculous cholecystitis Patients may present with only unexplained fever, leucocytosis a...
1
Distended GB
Vascular cause
Seen in bed ridden patients
Rapid course
Anatomy
G.I.T
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multi
. All of the following forms of porphyria are associated with peripheral neuropathy except
Porphyria is a group of inherited disorders caused by defects in heme biosynthesis. Three forms of porphyria are associated with peripheral neuropathy: acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), hereditary coproporphyria (HCP), and variegate porphyria (VP). The acute neurologic manifestations are similar in each, with the exc...
3
acute intermittent porphyria
hereditary coproporphyria
porphyria cutanea tarda
variegate porphyria
Medicine
C.N.S
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multi
True about subendocardial hemorrhages are all, except AIIMS 10; UPSC 11
Ans. Involves the right ventricular wall
2
May be seen after head injury
Involves the right ventricular wall
Continuous pattern
Flame shaped hemorrhages
Forensic Medicine
null
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multi
Pulse deficit more than 10 is seen in-
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal hea rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atrial chambers of the hea.Often it stas as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time.Often episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be hea palpitations, f...
3
Ventricular premature contraction
Atnal flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation
Medicine
C.V.S
b6bf4a8e-16e2-4baf-99a0-b48e2bc80747
single
Recontouring and selective grinding procedures are carried out in complete denture to:
null
4
Decrease the vertical dimension of occlusion
Decrease cuspal height
Enhance curve of spee
Remove occlusal disharmony
Dental
null
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single
Anti U1 RNP is a feature of:
MCTD
2
SLE
MCTD
Sclerorema
CREST
Pathology
null
e6a26933-67b7-43de-9661-5ee1b11763fb
single
Rideal-Walker coefficient is related with ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Disinfecting power Traditional testing of disinfectants Two traditional tests for determining the efficiency of disinfectants are :? 1) Rideal-Walker test : Phenol is taken as the standard with unit as phenol coefficient (pheno1=1) 2) Chick-Main test : The disinfectant acts in the presence of organic ...
1
Disinfecting power
Parasitic clearance
Dietary requirement
Statistical correlation
Microbiology
null
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single
30-year-male with chronic diarrhoea, anemia, raised liver enzymes. Most likely associated with -
null
2
Antimitochondrial antibody
Anti-endomysial antibody
Anti-smooth muscle antibody
Antinuclear antibody
Medicine
null
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single
Feature (s) of DiGeorge syndrome is/are all except:
D. B cell defectDiGeorge Syndrome {Thymic Hypoplasia) Robbins 9th/24lDiGeorge syndrome is a T-cell deficiency that results from failure of development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. The latter give rise to the thymus, the parathyroids, some of the C cells of the thyroid, and the ultimobranchial body. Thus,...
4
Results from failure of development of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches
Absent thyroid
Absent parathyroid glands
B cell defect
Pathology
Immunity
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multi
The following are part of Hamstrings -a) Semitendinosusb) Semimembranosusc) Gracilisd) Short head of biceps femorise) Sartorius
Hamstrings -        Semimembranosus -        Semitendinosus -        Long head of biceps femoris -        Ischial head of adductor magnus
2
ac
ab
ad
bc
Anatomy
null
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single
A person is having painless lymphadenopathy. On biopsy, binucleated owl shaped nuclei with clear vacuolated area is seen. On IHC CD 15 and CD 30 were positive. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Ans. (a) Nodular sclerosis(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 606-611)Binucleated owl shaped nuclei with clear vacuolated area refers to Lacunar cells.Lacunar cells are seen in the nodular sclerosis subtype of Hodgkin's diseaseLacunar cells have delicate, folded, or multilobate nuclei and abundant pale cytoplasm that is often disrupt...
1
Nodular sclerosis
Large granular lymphocytic lymphoma
Lymphocyte depletion type
Lymphocyte predominant HD
Pathology
Misc. (W.B.C)
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Bone marrow finding in myelofibrosis -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dry tap (hypocellular) Myelofibrosiso The hallmark of primary myelofibrosis is rapid development of obliterative marrow fibrosis,o Myelofibrosis suppresses bone marrow hematopoiesis, leading to peripheral blood cytopenias.o This results in extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen, liver an...
1
Dry tap (hypocellular)
Megaloblastic cells
Microcytic cells
Thrombocytosis
Pathology
Myeloproliferative Disorder
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single
A 60-years old male patient operated for cataract 6 months back now complains of floaters and sudden loss of vision. The diagnosis is –
Late complications of cataract surgery are cystoid macular oedema, retinal detachment, epithelial in growth, fibrous in growth, vitreous touch syndrome, after cataract. Retinal detachment (rhegmatogenous) presents with sudden painless loss of vision with floaters and photopsia.
2
Vitreous hemorrhage
Retinal detachment
Central retinal artery occlusion
Cystoid macular edema
Ophthalmology
null
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single
Which of the following can cause an increase in the prevalence of the disease-
Ref: Parks 23rd edition Disease will be Prevalent so long it exist in the community. Longer the duration of the illness, longer will it persist in the community and hence higher will be its prevalence.
3
Immigration of healthy persons
Increased cure rate of disease
Longer duration of illness
Decrease in population
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
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single
Commonest thyroid tumor in MEN (multiple endocrine neoplasia) -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Medullary o Thyroid tumor is seen in MEN II, and is medullary carcinoma of thyroid.
4
Follicular
Papillary
Anaplastic
Medullary
Pathology
null
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single
What is a placental cotyledon:
Functional unit of the placenta is called a fetal cotyledon or placentome,which is derived from a major primary stem villus. These stem villi pass down through the intervillous space to anchor onto the basal plate.About 60 stem villi persist in human placenta. Thus each cotyledon(totalling 15-29) contains 3-4 major ste...
1
All branches from one stem villi
Area supplied by one spiral aery
Quaer of placenta
Area drained by one terminal villi
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
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multi
Thrombosis is initiated by
ref : robbins 10th ed
2
platelet activation
endothelial damage
Coagulation cascade
vasoconstriction of vessels
Pathology
All India exam
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single
Investigation of choice for diagnosis and staging of renal cell carcinoma
IOC - CECT. IOC if renal vein or IVC involved  - MRI.
2
USG
CECT
IVP
MRI
Radiology
null
150819c0-cc18-464a-815a-2e4f89505df5
single
Which of the following amino acid takes a role in detoxification of ammonia normally in the human body?
Ammonia is produced in the body during normal protein metabolism and by intestinal bacteria, primarily those in the colon. The liver plays a role in the detoxification of ammonia by conveing it to urea, which is excreted by the kidneys. Striated muscle also plays a role in detoxification of ammonia, which is combined w...
1
Glutamine
Alanine
Methionine
Glycine
Biochemistry
null
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multi
Delusion of Nihilism and Early morning insomnia are characteristic features of -
Nihilistic delusion, insomonia and early morning awakening are seen in depression
2
Mania
Major depression
Personality disorder
Schizophrenia
Psychiatry
null
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single
Reliability means -
Repeatability (reliability) Repeatability means, the test must give consistent results when it is repeated more than once on the same individual under same conditions. That means the results of test are precise (exact), So repeatability is some time called precision, reliability or reproducibility.
1
Number of times the same results on repeated trials
Number of times variation is seen
Extent of accuracy
Level of simplicity
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
A pregnant female has past history of embolism in puerperium. What medical management she should take in next pregnancy to avoid this
Ans. is b i.e. To take Warfarin after delivery Friends venous thromboembolism in pregnancy, is one of those topics which we donot study in detail during undergraduation. So, I am giving in brief, all the impoant points you need to remember : Venous thromboembolism in pregnnacy : Venous thromboembolism is the leading ca...
2
Cumpulsory prophylaxis with warfarin sta at 10 weeks
To take warfarin after delivery
Chance of thromboembolism increases by 12% in next pregnancy
Does not need anything
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
A woman trying to get pregnant has a sister whose child has an autosomal recessive disease characterized by dysfunction of mucus-secreting cells. As a result, this child has abnormally thick mucus that tends to precipitate into dense plugs that obstruct the pancreatic ducts, bronchi, and bronchioles, as well as the bil...
The disease described is cystic fibrosis, which phenotypically presents with meconium ileus, deficiencies of pancreatic enzymes, pulmonary obstruction and infection leading to progressive pulmonary damage and ultimate respiratory failure. The most frequent mutation in this autosomal recessive disorder is a small deleti...
2
Nohern blot
PCR and sequencing
Southern blot
Western blot
Biochemistry
null
fc1d4b5c-bc39-46f4-8e40-526b3f556ddb
multi
Bacterial cell wall is composed of all except -?
Bacteria are usually single-celled, except when they exist in colonies. ... The major component of the bacterial cell wall is peptidoglycan or murein. This rigid structure of peptidoglycan, specific only to prokaryotes, gives the cell shape and surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane. Ref:Ananthanarayan & panikers Textbook ...
2
Muramic acid
Teichoic acid
Glucosamine
Mucopeptide
Microbiology
general microbiology
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multi
A 27-yrs-old woman has been feeling low for the past 2 weeks. She has little energy and has trouble concentrating. She states that 6 weeks ago she had been feeling very good, with lots of energy and no need for sleep. She states this pattern has been occurring for at least the past 3 years, though the episodes have nev...
Cyclothymic disorder *Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by recurrent periods of mild depression alternating with periods of hypomania. *This pattern must be present for at least 2 years (1 year for children and adolescents) before the diagnosis can be made. *During these 2 years, the symptom-free intervals should n...
3
Borderline personality disorder
Seasonal affective disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
Major depression, recurrent
Surgery
null
43647b60-760f-4f7a-bbef-9c3fb997e9b6
single
Which of the following condition is associated with hepatomegaly with liver pulsation?
Characteristic features of Tricuspid regurgitation are marked hepatomegaly and systolic pulsations of the liver. Hepatic pulsation in tricuspid regurgitation is caused by reversed systolic blood flow in the great veins. Ref: Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment, 2012, Chapter 10; The Cleveland Clinic Cardiology Boar...
3
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Pulmonary Hypeension
Medicine
null
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single
Which of the follwing gas given off in a fire is most commonly known to cause metabolic poisoning?
Ans. B. CO. (Ref. Bailey & Love 26th ed. Pg. 386; Summary box 28.3)Metabolic poisoning in burns:# There are many poisonous gases that can be given off in a fire, the most common being carbon monoxide, a product of incomplete combustion that is often produced by fires in enclosed spaces. This is the usual cause of a per...
2
HCN
CO
CO2
H2S
Surgery
Burns
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single
Roll back malaria programme focused mainly on ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Insecticide treated bed nets The main strategies of Roll Back Malaria initiative are : a) Strengthen health system to ensure better delivery of health care, especially at district and community level. b) Ensure the proper and expanded use of insecticide treated mosquito nets. c) Ensure adequate access...
2
IEC campaigns for community awareness
Insecticide treated bed nets
Development of larvivorus fishes for eradication of larvae.
Presumptive treatment of malaria case
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
dcffb592-bae2-4b01-8b5d-e3e7fa831b3b
single
Influenza vaccine cause ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above Mild problems following inactivated flu vaccine: Soreness, redness, or swelling where the shot was given Hoarseness Sore, red or itchy eyes Cough Fever Aches Headache Itching Fatigue If these problems occur, they usually begin soon after the shot and last 1 or 2 days. Moderate problems fo...
4
Local swelling
Fever
Itching
All of above
Pediatrics
null
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multi
The following rodent is the natural reservoir of plague -
- the reservoir of plaque is wild rodents, filed mice gerbils and skunks. - in India, the wild rodent Tatera indica is the main reservoir. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:293 <\p>
2
Mus musculus
Tatera indica
Rattus Rattus
Rattus norvegicus
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
455ad9be-d492-4923-b412-24c530c6f3c8
single
A 35-year-old man developed headache, nausea, vomiting, and sore throat 8 weeks after returning from a trip abroad. He eventually refused to drink water and had episodes of profuse salivation, difficulty in breathing, and hallucinations. Two days after the patient died of cardiac arrest, it was learned that he had been...
Rabies is caused by a rhabdovirus, a minus-sense, single-stranded, non-segmented RNA virus with an enveloped, bullet-shaped virion). The virus infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The virus is widely disseminated within the infected animals, with high levels in saliva. If the animal is captur...
4
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
High-dose acyclovir
IV ribavirin
Rabies immune globulin plus rabies vaccine
Microbiology
Virology
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multi
A 22-year-old primigravida at 11 weeks of gestational age has a blood pressure reading of 150/100 mm Hg obtained during a routine visit. . The patient denies any headache, visual changes, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. Her repeat BP is 160/90 mm Hg, and urinalysis is negative for protein. Which of the following i...
Chronic hypeension is defined as BP >140/90 mmHg before pregnancy or diagnosed before 20 weeks of gestation, or hypeension first diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation and persistent after 12 weeks postpaum. The average prevalence of hypeension in women aged 18 to 39 years is approximately 5-7 percent.
2
Preeclampsia
Chronic hypeension
Eclampsia
Gestational hypeension
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Obstetrics
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single
Height of children in 2-10 years of age is increased by-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 6 cm/year "After 4 years, the child gains about 5 cm in height every year, until the age of 10 years" -- O.P. Ghai. "An average child gains approximately 7-8 cm in height between the age of 2-6 years and 6-7 cm in height between 6-12 years". -- Nelson Amongst given option, 6 cm/year is the best answer...
3
2 cm/year
4 cm/year
6 cm/year
10 cm / year
Pediatrics
null
5f99829d-90b2-4e68-9fe6-8f67027e5d14
single
Air-borne contact dermatitis can be diagnosed by:
Ans: B (Patch test) Ref: Eczema. In: Thappa DM. editor. Essentials in Dermatology, 2nd,edn.. New Delhi: jaypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd 2009:99-113. & Atopic dermatitis. Eczema and non infectious immunodeficiency disorders. In: James WD. Berger TG, Elston DM. editors. Andrew's diseases of the skin: Clinical ...
2
Skin biopsy
Patch test
Prick test
Estimation of serum IgE levels
Skin
Disorder of Pigmentation
efefa614-35a4-49b1-bdca-0f254edcef23
single
Children with apathy, general weakness, loosening of the skin, marasmic features also has X3B Xerophthalmia features. Eye finding will be
(Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 467 - 470)X3A Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia affecting less than a one-third corneal surfaceX3B corneal ulceration/keratomalacia affecting more than a one-third corneal surfaceXS corneal scar due to xerophthalmia XF Xerophthalmic fundus
2
Corneal ulcer with thickening
Corneal ulcer with full thickness
Hyperemia
Conjunctival xerosis
Ophthalmology
Cornea and sclera
7901b015-8182-4e64-acf7-4a88a950489b
single
A perforated peptic ulcer is treated by all except
The most impoant component of the operation of perforated peptic ulcer is a thorough peritoneal toilet to remove all of the fluid and food debris. If the perforation is in the duodenum it can usually be closed by several well-placed sutures, closing the ulcer in a transverse direction as with a pyloroplastyIf the perfo...
1
Under running of vessel
H.pylori eradication
Highly selective Vagotomy
Omental patch
Surgery
G.I.T
23b911e7-ca5d-4db2-b81b-02749e6d6d75
multi
Hyperkalemia with no ECG finding. The drug that should not be used is -
calcium gluconate immediately antagonises the cardiac effects of hyperkalemia, whereas the others are used to correct hyperkalemia. (reference : harrisons principles of internal medicine,19E page- 312)
2
Sodium bicarbonate
Calcium gluconate
Glucose with insulin
Resins
Medicine
Fluid and electrolytes
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single