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tomita-1989-parsing | https://aclanthology.org/W89-0243 | Parsing 2-Dimensional Language | 2-Dimensional Context-Free Grammar (2D-CFG) for 2-dimensional input text is introduced and efficient parsing algorithms for 2D-CFG are presented. In 2D-CFG, a grammar rule's right hand side symbols can be placed not only horizontally but also vertically. Terminal symbols in a 2-dimensional input text are combined to fo... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 1989 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
li-etal-2020-event | https://aclanthology.org/2020.findings-emnlp.73 | Event Extraction as Multi-turn Question Answering | Event extraction, which aims to identify event triggers of pre-defined event types and their arguments of specific roles, is a challenging task in NLP. Most traditional approaches formulate this task as classification problems, with event types or argument roles taken as golden labels. Such approaches fail to model ric... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
munoz-etal-2000-semantic | https://aclanthology.org/2000.bcs-1.17 | Semantic approach to bridging reference resolution | null | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2000 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
maguino-valencia-etal-2018-wordnet | https://aclanthology.org/L18-1697 | WordNet-Shp: Towards the Building of a Lexical Database for a Peruvian Minority Language | WordNet-like resources are lexical databases with highly relevance information and data which could be exploited in more complex computational linguistics research and applications. The building process requires manual and automatic tasks, that could be more arduous if the language is a minority one with fewer digital ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We highly appreciate the linguistic team effort that made possible the creation of this resource: Dr. Roberto Zariquiey, Alonso Vásquez, Gabriela Tello, Renzo Ego-Aguirre, Lea Reinhardt and Marcela Castro. We are also thankful to our native speakers (Shipibo-Konibo) collaborators: Juan Agustín, Carlos Guimaraes, Ronald... | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
pu-etal-2017-sense | https://aclanthology.org/W17-4701 | Sense-Aware Statistical Machine Translation using Adaptive Context-Dependent Clustering | Statistical machine translation (SMT) systems use local cues from n-gram translation and language models to select the translation of each source word. Such systems do not explicitly perform word sense disambiguation (WSD), although this would enable them to select translations depending on the hypothesized sense of ea... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We are grateful for their support to the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under the Sinergia MODERN project (grant n. 147653, see www.idiap.ch/project/modern/) and to the European Union under the Horizon 2020 SUMMA project (grant n. 688139, see www.summaproject.eu). We thank the reviewers for their helpful sugg... | 2017 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
brun-2011-detecting | https://aclanthology.org/R11-1054 | Detecting Opinions Using Deep Syntactic Analysis | In this paper, we present an opinion detection system built on top of a robust syntactic parser. The goal of this system is to extract opinions associated with products but also with characteristics of these products, i.e. to perform feature-based opinion extraction. To carry out this task, and following a target corpu... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2011 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
burlot-etal-2016-limsi | https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.19 | LIMSI@IWSLT'16: MT Track | This paper describes LIMSI's submission to the MT track of IWSLT 2016. We report results for translation from English into Czech. Our submission is an attempt to address the difficulties of translating into a morphologically rich language by paying special attention to the morphology generation on target side. To this ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work has been partly funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 645452 (QT21). | 2016 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
dubbin-blunsom-2014-modelling | https://aclanthology.org/E14-1013 | Modelling the Lexicon in Unsupervised Part of Speech Induction | Automatically inducing the syntactic partof-speech categories for words in text is a fundamental task in Computational Linguistics. While the performance of unsupervised tagging models has been slowly improving, current state-of-the-art systems make the obviously incorrect assumption that all tokens of a given word typ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
rogers-2004-wrapping | https://aclanthology.org/P04-1071 | Wrapping of Trees | We explore the descriptive power, in terms of syntactic phenomena, of a formalism that extends Tree-Adjoining Grammar (TAG) by adding a fourth level of hierarchical decomposition to the three levels TAG already employs. While extending the descriptive power minimally, the additional level of decomposition allows us to ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2004 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
khairunnisa-etal-2020-towards | https://aclanthology.org/2020.aacl-srw.10 | Towards a Standardized Dataset on Indonesian Named Entity Recognition | In recent years, named entity recognition (NER) tasks in the Indonesian language have undergone extensive development. There are only a few corpora for Indonesian NER; hence, recent Indonesian NER studies have used diverse datasets. Although an open dataset is available, it includes only approximately 2,000 sentences a... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
wilcock-jokinen-2015-multilingual | https://aclanthology.org/W15-4623 | Multilingual WikiTalk: Wikipedia-based talking robots that switch languages. | At SIGDIAL-2013 our talking robot demonstrated Wikipedia-based spoken information access in English. Our new demo shows a robot speaking different languages, getting content from different language Wikipedias, and switching languages to meet the linguistic capabilities of different dialogue partners. | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The second author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of Estonian Science Foundation project IUT20-56 (Eesti keele arvutimudelid; computational models for Estonian)We thank Niklas Laxström for his work on the internationalization of WikiTalk and the localized Finnish version. We also thank Kenichi Okonogi and... | 2015 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
schwenk-etal-2009-smt | https://aclanthology.org/W09-0423 | SMT and SPE Machine Translation Systems for WMT`09 | This paper describes the development of several machine translation systems for the 2009 WMT shared task evaluation. We only consider the translation between French and English. We describe a statistical system based on the Moses decoder and a statistical post-editing system using SYSTRAN's rule-based system. We also i... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work has been partially funded by the French Government under the project INSTAR (ANR JCJC06 143038) and the by the Higher Education Commission, Pakistan through the HEC Overseas Scholarship 2005. | 2009 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ren-etal-2014-positive | https://aclanthology.org/D14-1055 | Positive Unlabeled Learning for Deceptive Reviews Detection | Deceptive reviews detection has attracted significant attention from both business and research communities. However, due to the difficulty of human labeling needed for supervised learning, the problem remains to be highly challenging. This paper proposed a novel angle to the problem by modeling PU (positive unlabeled)... | true | [] | [] | Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions | null | null | We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments. | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | true | false |
leinonen-etal-2018-new | https://aclanthology.org/W18-0208 | New Baseline in Automatic Speech Recognition for Northern S\'ami | Automatic speech recognition has gone through many changes in recent years. Advances both in computer hardware and machine learning have made it possible to develop systems far more capable and complex than the previous state-of-theart. However, almost all of these improvements have been tested in major wellresourced l... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank the University of Tromsø for the access to their Northern Sámi datasets and acknowledge the computational resources provided by the Aalto Science-IT project.This work was financially supported by the Tekes Challenge Finland project TELLme, Academy of Finland under the grant number 251170, and Kone foundation. | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
randria-etal-2020-subjective | https://aclanthology.org/2020.lrec-1.286 | Subjective Evaluation of Comprehensibility in Movie Interactions | Various research works have dealt with the comprehensibility of textual, audio, or audiovisual documents, and showed that factors related to text (e.g., linguistic complexity), sound (e.g., speech intelligibility), image (e.g., presence of visual context), or even to cognition and emotion can play a major role in the a... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
li-etal-2011-engtube | https://aclanthology.org/2011.mtsummit-systems.2 | ENGtube: an Integrated Subtitle Environment for ESL | Movies and TV shows are probably the most attractive media of language learning, and the associated subtitle is an important resource in the learning process. Despite its significance, subtitle has never been exploited effectively as it could be. In this paper we present ENGtube, which is a video service for ESL (Engli... | true | [] | [] | Quality Education | null | null | null | 2011 | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
akama-etal-2018-unsupervised | https://aclanthology.org/P18-2091 | Unsupervised Learning of Style-sensitive Word Vectors | This paper presents the first study aimed at capturing stylistic similarity between words in an unsupervised manner. We propose extending the continuous bag of words (CBOW) model (Mikolov et al., 2013a) to learn style-sensitive word vectors using a wider context window under the assumption that the style of all the wor... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H01702. We thank our anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
li-etal-2020-using | https://aclanthology.org/2020.coling-main.132 | Using a Penalty-based Loss Re-estimation Method to Improve Implicit Discourse Relation Classification | We tackle implicit discourse relation classification, a task of automatically determining semantic relationships between arguments. The attention-worthy words in arguments are crucial clues for classifying the discourse relations. Attention mechanisms have been proven effective in highlighting the attention-worthy word... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We are grateful for the insightful comments of reviewers. This work is supported by the national NSF of China via Grant Nos. 62076174, 61672368, 61751206 and 61672367, as well as the Stability Support Program of National Defense Key Laboratory of Science and Technology via Grant No. 61421100407. | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
zhang-wallace-2017-sensitivity | https://aclanthology.org/I17-1026 | A Sensitivity Analysis of (and Practitioners' Guide to) Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentence Classification | Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently achieved remarkably strong performance on the practically important task of sentence classification (Kim, 2014; Kalchbrenner et al., 2014; Johnson and Zhang, 2014; Zhang et al., 2016). However, these models require practitioners to specify an exact model architecture a... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2017 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
widdows-dorow-2002-graph | https://aclanthology.org/C02-1114 | A Graph Model for Unsupervised Lexical Acquisition | This paper presents an unsupervised method for assembling semantic knowledge from a part-ofspeech tagged corpus using graph algorithms. The graph model is built by linking pairs of words which participate in particular syntactic relationships. We focus on the symmetric relationship between pairs of nouns which occur to... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers whose comments were a great help in making this paper more focussed: any shortcomings remain entirely our own responsibility. This research was supported in part by the Research Collaboration between the NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and... | 2002 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
sogaard-etal-2015-inverted | https://aclanthology.org/P15-1165 | Inverted indexing for cross-lingual NLP | We present a novel, count-based approach to obtaining inter-lingual word representations based on inverted indexing of Wikipedia. We present experiments applying these representations to 17 datasets in document classification, POS tagging, dependency parsing, and word alignment. Our approach has the advantage that it i... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2015 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
he-etal-2021-fast | https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.246 | Fast and Accurate Neural Machine Translation with Translation Memory | It is generally believed that a translation memory (TM) should be beneficial for machine translation tasks. Unfortunately, existing wisdom demonstrates the superiority of TMbased neural machine translation (NMT) only on the TM-specialized translation tasks rather than general tasks, with a non-negligible computational ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work is supported by NSFC (grant No. 61877051). We thank Jiatao Gu and Mengzhou Xia for providing their preprocessed datasets. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for providing valuable suggestions and feedbacks. | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
daniels-2005-parsing | https://aclanthology.org/W05-1523 | Parsing Generalized ID/LP Grammars | The Generalized ID/LP (GIDLP) grammar formalism (Daniels and Meurers 2004a,b; Daniels 2005) was developed to serve as a processing backbone for linearization-HPSG grammars, separating the declaration of the recursive constituent structure from the declaration of word order domains. This paper shows that the key aspects... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2005 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
bramsen-etal-2011-extracting | https://aclanthology.org/P11-1078 | Extracting Social Power Relationships from Natural Language | Sociolinguists have long argued that social context influences language use in all manner of ways, resulting in lects 1. This paper explores a text classification problem we will call lect modeling, an example of what has been termed computational sociolinguistics. In particular, we use machine learning techniques to i... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | Dr. Richard Sproat contributed time, valuable insights, and wise counsel on several occasions during the course of the research. Dr. Lillian Lee and her students in Natural Language Processing and Social Interaction reviewed the paper, offering valuable feedback and helpful leads.Our colleague, Diane Bramsen, created a... | 2011 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
lynn-etal-2017-human | https://aclanthology.org/D17-1119 | Human Centered NLP with User-Factor Adaptation | We pose the general task of user-factor adaptation-adapting supervised learning models to real-valued user factors inferred from a background of their language, reflecting the idea that a piece of text should be understood within the context of the user that wrote it. We introduce a continuous adaptation technique, sui... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This publication was made possible, in part, through the support of a grant from the Templeton Religion Trust -TRT0048. We wish to thank the following colleagues for their annotation help for the PP-attachment task: Chetan Naik, Heeyoung Kwon, Ibrahim Hammoud, Jun Kang, Masoud Rouhizadeh, Mohammadzaman Zamani, and Samu... | 2017 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
angelidis-lapata-2018-multiple | https://aclanthology.org/Q18-1002 | Multiple Instance Learning Networks for Fine-Grained Sentiment Analysis | We consider the task of fine-grained sentiment analysis from the perspective of multiple instance learning (MIL). Our neural model is trained on document sentiment labels, and learns to predict the sentiment of text segments, i.e. sentences or elementary discourse units (EDUs), without segment-level supervision. We int... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the European Research Council (award number 681760). We thank TACL action editor Ani Nenkova and the anonymous reviewers whose feedback helped improve the present paper, as well as Charles Sutton, Timothy Hospedales, and members of EdinburghNLP for helpful discussions a... | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
teixeira-etal-2004-acoustic | http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2004/pdf/610.pdf | An Acoustic Corpus Contemplating Regional Variation for Studies of European Portuguese Nasals | Portuguese is one of the two standard Romance varieties having nasal vowels as independent phonemes. These are complex sounds that have a dynamic nature and present several problems for a complete description. In this paper we present a new corpus especially recorded to allow studies of European Portuguese nasal vowels... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank all the informants participating in corpora recordings. Without their patience and cooperation this work wouldn't be possible. We also thank FCT for the funding of Project POSI/36427/PLP/2000, Phonetics Applied to Speech Processing: The Portuguese Nasals. | 2004 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
watson-etal-2005-efficient | https://aclanthology.org/W05-1517 | Efficient Extraction of Grammatical Relations | We present a novel approach for applying the Inside-Outside Algorithm to a packed parse forest produced by a unificationbased parser. The approach allows a node in the forest to be assigned multiple inside and outside probabilities, enabling a set of 'weighted GRs' to be computed directly from the forest. The approach ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work is in part funded by the Overseas Research Students Awards Scheme and the Poynton Scholarship appointed by the Cambridge Australia Trust in collaboration with the Cambridge Commonwealth Trust. We would like to thank four anonymous reviewers who provided many useful suggestions for improvement. | 2005 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
niebuhr-etal-2013-speech | https://aclanthology.org/W13-4040 | Speech Reduction, Intensity, and F0 Shape are Cues to Turn-Taking | Based on German production data from the 'Kiel Corpus of Spontaneous Speech', we conducted two perception experiments, using an innovative interactive task in which participants gave real oral responses to resynthesized question stimuli. Differences in the time interval between stimulus question and response show that ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2013 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
gupta-etal-2020-human | https://aclanthology.org/2020.sigdial-1.30 | Human-Human Health Coaching via Text Messages: Corpus, Annotation, and Analysis | Our goal is to develop and deploy a virtual assistant health coach that can help patients set realistic physical activity goals and live a more active lifestyle. Since there is no publicly shared dataset of health coaching dialogues, the first phase of our research focused on data collection. We hired a certified healt... | true | [] | [] | Good Health and Well-Being | null | null | This work is supported by the National Science Foundation through awards IIS 1650900 and 1838770. | 2020 | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
hegde-etal-2022-mucs | https://aclanthology.org/2022.dravidianlangtech-1.23 | MUCS@DravidianLangTech@ACL2022: Ensemble of Logistic Regression Penalties to Identify Emotions in Tamil Text | Emotion Analysis (EA) is the process of automatically analyzing and categorizing the input text into one of the predefined sets of emotions. In recent years, people have turned to social media to express their emotions, opinions or feelings about news, movies, products, services, and so on. These users' emotions may he... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2022 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
chen-ng-2012-chinese | https://aclanthology.org/C12-2019 | Chinese Noun Phrase Coreference Resolution: Insights into the State of the Art | Compared to the amount of research on English coreference resolution, relatively little work has been done on Chinese coreference resolution. Worse still, it has been difficult to determine the state of the art in Chinese coreference resolution, owing in part to the lack of a standard evaluation dataset. The organizers... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their invaluable comments on an earlier draft of the paper. This work was supported in part by NSF Grants IIS-1147644 and IIS-1219142. | 2012 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
milward-1992-dynamics | https://aclanthology.org/C92-4171 | Dynamics, Dependency Grammar and Incremental Interpretation | The paper describes two equiwtlent grammatical for-malisnLs. The first is a lexicalised version of depen dency grammar, and this can be nsed to provide tree-structured analyses of sentences (though somewhat tlatter than those usually provided by phra.se structure grammars). The second is a new forrnal ism, 'Dynamic Dep... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 1992 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
kelly-etal-2012-semi | https://aclanthology.org/W12-1702 | Semi-supervised learning for automatic conceptual property extraction | For a given concrete noun concept, humans are usually able to cite properties (e.g., elephant is animal, car has wheels) of that concept; cognitive psychologists have theorised that such properties are fundamental to understanding the abstract mental representation of concepts in the brain. Consequently, the ability to... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research was supported by EPSRC grant EP/F030061/1. We are grateful to McRae and colleagues for making their norms publicly available, and to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful input. | 2012 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
pal-etal-2010-handling | https://aclanthology.org/W10-3707 | Handling Named Entities and Compound Verbs in Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation | Data preprocessing plays a crucial role in phrase-based statistical machine translation (PB-SMT). In this paper, we show how single-tokenization of two types of multi-word expressions (MWE), namely named entities (NE) and compound verbs, as well as their prior alignment can boost the performance of PB-SMT. Single-token... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research is partially supported by the Science Foundation Ireland (Grant 07/CE/I1142) as part of the Centre for Next Generation Localisation (www.cngl.ie) at Dublin City University, and EU projects PANACEA (Grant 7FP-ITC-248064) and META-NET (Grant FP7-ICT-249119). | 2010 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
molino-etal-2019-parallax | https://aclanthology.org/P19-3028 | Parallax: Visualizing and Understanding the Semantics of Embedding Spaces via Algebraic Formulae | Embeddings are a fundamental component of many modern machine learning and natural language processing models. Understanding them and visualizing them is essential for gathering insights about the information they capture and the behavior of the models. In this paper, we introduce Parallax 1 , a tool explicitly designe... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2019 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
litkowski-2005-cl | https://aclanthology.org/P05-3004 | CL Research's Knowledge Management System | CL Research began experimenting with massive XML tagging of texts to answer questions in TREC 2002. In DUC 2003, the experiments were extended into text summarization. Based on these experiments, The Knowledge Management System (KMS) was developed to combine these two capabilities and to serve as a unified basis for ot... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2005 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
loukanova-2019-computational | https://aclanthology.org/W19-1005 | Computational Syntax-Semantics Interface with Type-Theory of Acyclic Recursion for Underspecified Semantics | The paper provides a technique for algorithmic syntax-semantics interface in computational grammar with underspecified semantic representations of human language. The technique is introduced for expressions that contain NP quantifiers, by using computational, generalised Constraint-Based Lexicalised Grammar (GCBLG) tha... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2019 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ciaramita-johnson-2003-supersense | https://aclanthology.org/W03-1022 | Supersense Tagging of Unknown Nouns in WordNet | We present a new framework for classifying common nouns that extends namedentity classification. We used a fixed set of 26 semantic labels, which we called supersenses. These are the labels used by lexicographers developing WordNet. This framework has a number of practical advantages. We show how information contained ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2003 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
xu-etal-2020-tero | https://aclanthology.org/2020.coling-main.139 | TeRo: A Time-aware Knowledge Graph Embedding via Temporal Rotation | In the last few years, there has been a surge of interest in learning representations of entities and relations in knowledge graph (KG). However, the recent availability of temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) that contain time information for each fact created the need for reasoning over time in such TKGs. In this regard,... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work is supported by the CLEOPATRA project (GA no. 812997), the German national funded BmBF project MLwin and the BOOST project. | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
nikolova-ma-2008-assistive | https://aclanthology.org/W08-0806 | Assistive Mobile Communication Support | This paper reflects on our work in providing communication support for people with speech and language disabilities. We discuss the role of mobile technologies in assistive systems and share ongoing research efforts. | true | [] | [] | Reduced Inequalities | null | null | null | 2008 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
roy-2016-perception | https://aclanthology.org/W16-6340 | Perception of Phi-Phrase boundaries in Hindi. | This paper proposes an algorithm for finding phonological phrase boundaries in sentences with neutral focus spoken in both normal and fast tempos. A perceptual experiment is designed using Praat's experiment MFC program to investigate the phonological phrase boundaries. Phonological phrasing and its relation to syntact... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2016 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
jayez-rossari-1998-discourse | https://aclanthology.org/W98-0313 | Discourse Relations versus Discourse Marker Relations | While it seems intuitively obvious that many discourse markers (DMs) are able to express discourse relations (DRs) which exist independently, the specific contribution of DMs-if any-is not clear. In this paper, we investigate the status of some consequence DMs in French. We observe that it is difficult to construct a c... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 1998 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
liu-etal-2021-progressively | https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.733 | Progressively Guide to Attend: An Iterative Alignment Framework for Temporal Sentence Grounding | A key solution to temporal sentence grounding (TSG) exists in how to learn effective alignment between vision and language features extracted from an untrimmed video and a sentence description. Existing methods mainly leverage vanilla soft attention to perform the alignment in a single-step process. However, such singl... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 61972448. | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
zhang-etal-2021-point | https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.307 | Point, Disambiguate and Copy: Incorporating Bilingual Dictionaries for Neural Machine Translation | This paper proposes a sophisticated neural architecture to incorporate bilingual dictionaries into Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models. By introducing three novel components: Pointer, Disambiguator, and Copier, our method PDC achieves the following merits inherently compared with previous efforts: (1) Pointer lever... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. This research was supported by the Na- | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
bolanos-etal-2009-multi | https://aclanthology.org/N09-2026 | Multi-scale Personalization for Voice Search Applications | Voice Search applications provide a very convenient and direct access to a broad variety of services and information. However, due to the vast amount of information available and the open nature of the spoken queries, these applications still suffer from recognition errors. This paper explores the utilization of person... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2009 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
peters-etal-2019-knowledge | https://aclanthology.org/D19-1005 | Knowledge Enhanced Contextual Word Representations | Contextual word representations, typically trained on unstructured, unlabeled text, do not contain any explicit grounding to real world entities and are often unable to remember facts about those entities. We propose a general method to embed multiple knowledge bases (KBs) into large scale models, and thereby enhance t... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The authors acknowledge helpful feedback from anonymous reviewers and the AllenNLP team. This research was funded in part by the NSF under awards IIS-1817183 and CNS-1730158. | 2019 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
dimitroff-etal-2013-weighted | https://aclanthology.org/R13-1027 | Weighted maximum likelihood loss as a convenient shortcut to optimizing the F-measure of maximum entropy classifiers | We link the weighted maximum entropy and the optimization of the expected F βmeasure, by viewing them in the framework of a general common multi-criteria optimization problem. As a result, each solution of the expected F β-measure maximization can be realized as a weighted maximum likelihood solution-a well understood ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2013 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
jang-mostow-2012-inferring | https://aclanthology.org/E12-1038 | Inferring Selectional Preferences from Part-Of-Speech N-grams | We present the PONG method to compute selectional preferences using part-of-speech (POS) N-grams. From a corpus labeled with grammatical dependencies, PONG learns the distribution of word relations for each POS N-gram. From the much larger but unlabeled Google N-grams corpus, PONG learns the distribution of POS N-grams... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R305A080157. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education. We thank the helpful reviewers and Ka... | 2012 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
bian-etal-2021-attention | https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.72 | On Attention Redundancy: A Comprehensive Study | Multi-layer multi-head self-attention mechanism is widely applied in modern neural language models. Attention redundancy has been observed among attention heads but has not been deeply studied in the literature. Using BERT-base model as an example, this paper provides a comprehensive study on attention redundancy which... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
guo-kok-2021-bique | https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.657 | BiQUE: Biquaternionic Embeddings of Knowledge Graphs | Knowledge graph embeddings (KGEs) compactly encode multi-relational knowledge graphs (KGs). Existing KGE models rely on geometric operations to model relational patterns. Euclidean (circular) rotation is useful for modeling patterns such as symmetry, but cannot represent hierarchical semantics. In contrast, hyperbolic ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research is partly supported by MOE's AcRF Tier 1 Grant to Stanley Kok. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are solely those of the authors. | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ghosh-srivastava-2022-epic | https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.276 | ePiC: Employing Proverbs in Context as a Benchmark for Abstract Language Understanding | While large language models have shown exciting progress on several NLP benchmarks, evaluating their ability for complex analogical reasoning remains under-explored. Here, we introduce a high-quality crowdsourced dataset of narratives for employing proverbs in context as a benchmark for abstract language understanding.... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2022 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ousidhoum-etal-2021-probing | https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.329 | Probing Toxic Content in Large Pre-Trained Language Models | Large pre-trained language models (PTLMs) have been shown to carry biases towards different social groups which leads to the reproduction of stereotypical and toxic content by major NLP systems. We propose a method based on logistic regression classifiers to probe English, French, and Arabic PTLMs and quantify the pote... | true | [] | [] | Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions | Reduced Inequalities | Gender Equality | We thank the annotators and anonymous reviewers and meta-reviewer for their valuable feedback.This paper was supported by the Theme-based Research Scheme Project (T31-604/18-N), the NSFC Grant (No. U20B2053) from China, the Early Career Scheme (ECS, No. 26206717), the General Research Fund (GRF, No. 16211520), and the ... | 2021 | false | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | true | false |
och-ney-2001-statistical | https://aclanthology.org/2001.mtsummit-papers.46 | Statistical multi-source translation | We describe methods for translating a text given in multiple source languages into a single target language. The goal is to improve translation quality in applications where the ultimate goal is to translate the same document into many languages. We describe a statistical approach and two specific statistical models to... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2001 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
bin-wasi-etal-2014-cmuq | https://aclanthology.org/S14-2029 | CMUQ@Qatar:Using Rich Lexical Features for Sentiment Analysis on Twitter | In this paper, we describe our system for the Sentiment Analysis of Twitter shared task in SemEval 2014. Our system uses an SVM classifier along with rich set of lexical features to detect the sentiment of a phrase within a tweet (Task-A) and also the sentiment of the whole tweet (Task-B). We start from the lexical fea... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We would like to thank Kemal Oflazer and the shared task organizers for their support throughout this work. | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ngo-ho-yvon-2020-generative | https://aclanthology.org/2020.amta-research.6 | Generative latent neural models for automatic word alignment | Word alignments identify translational correspondences between words in a parallel sentence pair and are used, for instance, to learn bilingual dictionaries, to train statistical machine translation systems or to perform quality estimation. Variational autoencoders have been recently used in various of natural language... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | 2 We omit the initial step, consisting in sampling the lengths I and J and the dependencies wrt. these variables. | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ochitani-etal-1997-goal | https://aclanthology.org/W97-0708 | Goal-Directed Approach for Text Summarization | The information to InClude m a summary vanes depending on the author's mtentmn and the use of the summary To create the best summaries, the appropriate goals of the extracting process should be set and a guide should be outlined that instructs the system how to meet the tasks The approach described m thin report m inte... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 1997 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
kuhn-2004-experiments | https://aclanthology.org/P04-1060 | Experiments in parallel-text based grammar induction | This paper discusses the use of statistical word alignment over multiple parallel texts for the identification of string spans that cannot be constituents in one of the languages. This information is exploited in monolingual PCFG grammar induction for that language, within an augmented version of the inside-outside alg... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2004 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
edmonds-1997-choosing | https://aclanthology.org/P97-1067 | Choosing the Word Most Typical in Context Using a Lexical Co-occurrence Network | This paper presents a partial solution to a component of the problem of lexical choice: choosing the synonym most typical, or expected, in context. We apply a new statistical approach to representing the context of a word through lexical co-occurrence networks. The implementation was trained and evaluated on a large co... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | For comments and advice, I thank Graeme Hirst, Eduard Hovy, and Stephen Green. This work is financially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada. | 1997 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
mackinlay-2005-using | https://aclanthology.org/U05-1011 | Using Diverse Information Sources to Retrieve Samples of Low Density Languages | Language samples are useful as an object of study for a diverse range of people. Samples of low-density languages in particular are often valuable in their own right, yet it is these samples which are most difficult to locate, especially in a vast repository of information such as the World Wide Web. We identify here s... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2005 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
chung-etal-2014-sampling | https://aclanthology.org/J14-1007 | Sampling Tree Fragments from Forests | We study the problem of sampling trees from forests, in the setting where probabilities for each tree may be a function of arbitrarily large tree fragments. This setting extends recent work for sampling to learn Tree Substitution Grammars to the case where the tree structure (TSG derived tree) is not fixed. We develop ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | 1 We randomly sampled our data from various different sources (LDC2006E86, LDC2006E93, LDC2002E18, LDC2002L27, LDC2003E07, LDC2003E14, LDC2004T08, LDC2005T06, LDC2005T10, LDC2005T34, LDC2006E26, LDC2005E83, LDC2006E34, LDC2006E85, LDC2006E92, LDC2006E24, LDC2006E92, LDC2006E24). The language model is trained on the Eng... | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
antona-tsujii-1993-treatment | https://aclanthology.org/1993.tmi-1.11 | Treatment of Tense and Aspect in Translation from Italian to Greek --- An Example of Treatment of Implicit Information in Knowledge-based Transfer MT --- | Treatment of tense and aspect is one of the well-known difficulties in MT, since individual languages differ as to their temporal and aspectual systems and do not allow simple correspondence of verbal forms of two languages. An approach to time suitable for MT has been elaborated in the EUROTRA project (e.g. [van Eynde... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We are grateful to Sophia Ananiadou for her comments on an earlier draft of the paper and for examples of Greek translations. | 1993 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
granfeldt-etal-2006-cefle | http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2006/pdf/246_pdf.pdf | CEFLE and Direkt Profil: a New Computer Learner Corpus in French L2 and a System for Grammatical Profiling | The importance of computer learner corpora for research in both second language acquisition and foreign language teaching is rapidly increasing. Computer learner corpora can provide us with data to describe the learner's interlanguage system at different points of its development and they can be used to create pedagogi... | true | [] | [] | Quality Education | null | null | The research presented here is supported by a grant from the Swedish Research Council, grant number 2004-1674 to the first author and by grants from the Elisabeth Rausing foundation for research in the Humanities and from Erik Philip-Sörenssens foundation for research. | 2006 | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
zhao-etal-2016-textual | https://aclanthology.org/C16-1212 | Textual Entailment with Structured Attentions and Composition | Deep learning techniques are increasingly popular in the textual entailment task, overcoming the fragility of traditional discrete models with hard alignments and logics. In particular, the recently proposed attention models (Rocktäschel et al., 2015; Wang and Jiang, 2015) achieves state-of-the-art accuracy by computin... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. We are also grateful to James Cross, Dezhong Deng, and Lemao Liu for suggestions. This project was supported in part by NSF IIS-1656051, DARPA FA8750-13-2-0041 (DEFT), and a Google Faculty Research Award. | 2016 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
jin-etal-2022-good | https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.197 | A Good Prompt Is Worth Millions of Parameters: Low-resource Prompt-based Learning for Vision-Language Models | Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models can learn a new task with a handful of examples and generalize to a new task without fine-tuning. However, these VL models are hard to deploy for real-world applications due to their impractically huge sizes and slow inference speed. To solve this limitation, we study promp... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2022 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
cheng-etal-2020-exploiting | https://aclanthology.org/2020.rocling-1.27 | Exploiting Text Prompts for the Development of an End-to-End Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training System | More recently, there is a growing demand for the development of computer assisted pronunciation training (CAPT) systems, which can be capitalized to automatically assess the pronunciation quality of L2 learners. However, current CAPT systems that build on end-to-end (E2E) neural network architectures still fall short o... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
mohammad-2018-word | https://aclanthology.org/L18-1027 | Word Affect Intensities | Words often convey affect-emotions, feelings, and attitudes. Further, different words can convey affect to various degrees (intensities). However, existing manually created lexicons for basic emotions (such as anger and fear) indicate only coarse categories of affect association (for example, associated with anger or n... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | Many thanks to Svetlana Kiritchenko and Tara Small for helpful discussions. | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
leavitt-1992-morphe | https://aclanthology.org/A92-1034 | MORPHE: A Practical Compiler for Reversible Morphology Rules | Morph~ is a Common Lisp compiler for reversible inflectional morphology rules developed at the Center for Machine Translation at Carnegie Mellon University. This paper describes the Morph~ processing model, its implementation, and how it handles some common morphological processes. | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | I would like to thank Alex Franz, Nicholas Brownlow, and Deryle Lonsdale for their comments on drafts of this paper. | 1992 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
sun-iyyer-2021-revisiting | https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.407 | Revisiting Simple Neural Probabilistic Language Models | Recent progress in language modeling has been driven not only by advances in neural architectures, but also through hardware and optimization improvements. In this paper, we revisit the neural probabilistic language model (NPLM) of Bengio et al. (2003), which simply concatenates word embeddings within a fixed window an... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank Nader Akoury, Andrew Drozdov, Shufan Wang, and the rest of UMass NLP group for their constructive suggestions on the draft of this paper. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was supported by award IIS-1955567 from the National Science Foundation (NSF). | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
huang-kurohashi-2017-improving | https://aclanthology.org/W17-2704 | Improving Shared Argument Identification in Japanese Event Knowledge Acquisition | Event relation knowledge represents the knowledge of causal and temporal relations between events. Shared arguments of event relation knowledge encode patterns of role shifting in successive events. A two-stage framework was proposed for the task of Japanese event relation knowledge acquisition, in which related event ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2017 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
abbes-etal-2004-architecture | https://aclanthology.org/W04-1604 | The Architecture of a Standard Arabic Lexical Database. Some Figures, Ratios and Categories from the DIINAR.1 Source Program | This paper is a contribution to the issuewhich has, in the course of the last decade, become critical-of the basic requirements and validation criteria for lexical language resources in Standard Arabic. The work is based on a critical analysis of the architecture of the DIINAR.1 lexical database, the entries of which a... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2004 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
pust-etal-2015-parsing | https://aclanthology.org/D15-1136 | Parsing English into Abstract Meaning Representation Using Syntax-Based Machine Translation | We present a parser for Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR). We treat Englishto-AMR conversion within the framework of string-to-tree, syntax-based machine translation (SBMT). To make this work, we transform the AMR structure into a form suitable for the mechanics of SBMT and useful for modeling. We introduce an AMR-... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | Thanks to Julian Schamper and Allen Schmaltz for early attempts at this problem. This work was sponsored by DARPA DEFT (FA8750-13-2-0045), DARPA BOLT (HR0011-12-C-0014), and DARPA Big Mechanism (W911NF-14-1-0364). | 2015 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
sogaard-2010-inversion | https://aclanthology.org/2010.eamt-1.5 | Can inversion transduction grammars generate hand alignments | The adequacy of inversion transduction grammars (ITGs) has been widely debated, and the discussion's crux seems to be whether the search space is inclusive enough (Zens and Ney, 2003; Wellington et al., 2006; Søgaard and Wu, 2009). Parse failure rate when parses are constrained by word alignments is one metric that has... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2010 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
klie-etal-2018-inception | https://aclanthology.org/C18-2002 | The INCEpTION Platform: Machine-Assisted and Knowledge-Oriented Interactive Annotation | We introduce INCEpTION, a new annotation platform for tasks including interactive and semantic annotation (e.g., concept linking, fact linking, knowledge base population, semantic frame annotation). These tasks are very time consuming and demanding for annotators, especially when knowledge bases are used. We address th... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank Wei Ding, Peter Jiang and Marcel de Boer and Naveen Kumar for their valuable contributions and Teresa Botschen and Yevgeniy Puzikov for their helpful comments. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation under grant No. EC 503/1-1 and GU 798/21-1 (INCEpTION). | 2018 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
shain-2021-cdrnn | https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.288 | CDRNN: Discovering Complex Dynamics in Human Language Processing | The human mind is a dynamical system, yet many analysis techniques used to study it are limited in their ability to capture the complex dynamics that may characterize mental processes. This study proposes the continuoustime deconvolutional regressive neural network (CDRNN), a deep neural extension of continuous-time de... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
hovy-etal-2002-computer | http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2002/pdf/5.pdf | Computer-Aided Specification of Quality Models for Machine Translation Evaluation | This article describes the principles and mechanism of an integrative effort in machine translation (MT) evaluation. Building upon previous standardization initiatives, above all ISO/IEC 9126, 14598 and EAGLES, we attempt to classify into a coherent taxonomy most of the characteristics, attributes and metrics that have... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2002 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
trujillo-1992-locations | https://aclanthology.org/1992.tmi-1.2 | Locations in the machine translation of prepositional phrases | An approach to the machine translation of locative prepositional phrases (PP) is presented. The technique has been implemented for use in an experimental transfer-based, multilingual machine translation system. Previous approaches to this problem are described and they are compared to the solution presented. | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work was funded by the UK Science and Engineering Research Council. Many thanks to Ted Briscoe, Antonio Sanfilippo, John Beaven, Ann Copestake, Valeria de Paiva, and three anonymous reviewers. Thanks also to Trinity Hall, Cambridge, for a travel grant. All remaining errors are mine. | 1992 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
zupon-etal-2019-lightly | https://aclanthology.org/W19-1504 | Lightly-supervised Representation Learning with Global Interpretability | We propose a lightly-supervised approach for information extraction, in particular named entity classification, which combines the benefits of traditional bootstrapping, i.e., use of limited annotations and interpretability of extraction patterns, with the robust learning approaches proposed in representation learning.... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We gratefully thank Yoav Goldberg for his suggestions for the manual curation experiments.This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under the Big Mechanism program, grant W911NF-14-1-0395, and by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation HBGDki Initiative. Marco Valenzuela-Escárcega a... | 2019 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
biesialska-etal-2019-talp | https://aclanthology.org/W19-5424 | The TALP-UPC System for the WMT Similar Language Task: Statistical vs Neural Machine Translation | Although the problem of similar language translation has been an area of research interest for many years, yet it is still far from being solved. In this paper, we study the performance of two popular approaches: statistical and neural. We conclude that both methods yield similar results; however, the performance varie... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The authors want to thank Pablo Gamallo, José Ramom Pichel Campos and Iñaki Alegria for sharing their valuable insights on their language distance studies.This work is supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, the European Regional Development Fund and the Agencia Estatal de Investigació... | 2019 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
bhat-sharma-2013-animacy | https://aclanthology.org/I13-1008 | Animacy Acquisition Using Morphological Case | Animacy is an inherent property of entities that nominals refer to in the physical world. This semantic property of a nominal has received much attention in both linguistics and computational linguistics. In this paper, we present a robust unsupervised technique to infer the animacy of nominals in languages with rich m... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments which helped to improve this paper. We furthermore thank Sambhav Jain for his help and useful feedback. | 2013 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ahuja-desai-2020-accelerating | https://aclanthology.org/2020.nlp4convai-1.6 | Accelerating Natural Language Understanding in Task-Oriented Dialog | Task-oriented dialog models typically leverage complex neural architectures and large-scale, pre-trained Transformers to achieve state-ofthe-art performance on popular natural language understanding benchmarks. However, these models frequently have in excess of tens of millions of parameters, making them impossible to ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | Thanks to our anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and feedback. | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
jha-etal-2010-corpus | https://aclanthology.org/W10-0702 | Corpus Creation for New Genres: A Crowdsourced Approach to PP Attachment | This paper explores the task of building an accurate prepositional phrase attachment corpus for new genres while avoiding a large investment in terms of time and money by crowdsourcing judgments. We develop and present a system to extract prepositional phrases and their potential attachments from ungrammatical and info... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The authors would like to thank Kevin Lerman for his help in formulating the original ideas for this work. This material is based on research supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) under IIS-05-34871. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those... | 2010 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
st-jacques-barriere-2006-similarity | https://aclanthology.org/W06-1103 | Similarity Judgments: Philosophical, Psychological and Mathematical Investigations | This study investigates similarity judgments from two angles. First, we look at models suggested in the psychology and philosophy literature which capture the essence of concept similarity evaluation for humans. Second, we analyze the properties of many metrics which simulate such evaluation capabilities. The first ang... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2006 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
tomuro-1998-semi | https://aclanthology.org/W98-0715 | Semi-automatic Induction of Systematic Polysemy from WordNet | This paper describes a semi-automatic method of inducing underspecified semantic classes from WordNet verbs and nouns. An underspecified semantic class is an abstract semantic class which encodes systematic polysem~f, a set of word senses that are related in systematic and predictable ways. We show the usefulness of th... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The author would like to thank Paul Buitelaar for helpful discussions, insights and encouragement. | 1998 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
yazdani-etal-2015-learning | https://aclanthology.org/D15-1201 | Learning Semantic Composition to Detect Non-compositionality of Multiword Expressions | Non-compositionality of multiword expressions is an intriguing problem that can be the source of error in a variety of NLP tasks such as language generation, machine translation and word sense disambiguation. We present methods of non-compositionality detection for English noun compounds using the unsupervised learning... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research was partially funded by Hasler foundation project no. 15019, "Deep Neural Network Dependency Parser for Context-aware Representation Learning". | 2015 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
liu-etal-2009-capturing | https://aclanthology.org/P09-2007 | Capturing Errors in Written Chinese Words | A collection of 3208 reported errors of Chinese words were analyzed. Among which, 7.2% involved rarely used character, and 98.4% were assigned common classifications of their causes by human subjects. In particular, 80% of the errors observed in writings of middle school students were related to the pronunciations and ... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research has been funded in part by the National Science Council of Taiwan under the grant NSC-97-2221-E-004-007-MY2. We thank the anonymous reviewers for invaluable comments, and more responses to the comments are available in (Liu et al. 2009) . | 2009 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
saumya-etal-2021-offensive | https://aclanthology.org/2021.dravidianlangtech-1.5 | Offensive language identification in Dravidian code mixed social media text | Hate speech and offensive language recognition in social media platforms have been an active field of research over recent years. In non-native English spoken countries, social media texts are mostly in code mixed or script mixed/switched form. The current study presents extensive experiments using multiple machine lea... | true | [] | [] | Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions | null | null | null | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | true | false |
lialin-etal-2022-life | https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.227 | Life after BERT: What do Other Muppets Understand about Language? | Existing pre-trained transformer analysis works usually focus only on one or two model families at a time, overlooking the variability of the architecture and pre-training objectives. In our work, we utilize the oLMpics benchmark and psycholinguistic probing datasets for a diverse set of 29 models including T5, BART, a... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This work is funded in part by the NSF award number IIS-1844740. | 2022 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
yan-etal-2021-unified-generative | https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.451 | A Unified Generative Framework for Various NER Subtasks | Named Entity Recognition (NER) is the task of identifying spans that represent entities in sentences. Whether the entity spans are nested or discontinuous, the NER task can be categorized into the flat NER, nested NER, and discontinuous NER subtasks. These subtasks have been mainly solved by the token-level sequence la... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. The discussion with colleagues in AWS Shanghai AI Lab was quite fruitful. We also thank the developers of fastNLP 10 and fitlog 11 . We thank Juntao Yu for helpful discussion about dataset processing. This work was supported by the National K... | 2021 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
siddharthan-2003-preserving | https://aclanthology.org/W03-2314 | Preserving Discourse Structure when Simplifying Text | null | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2003 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
kilbury-etal-1991-datr | https://aclanthology.org/E91-1024 | Datr as a Lexical Component for PATR | means that associated information is represented together or bundled. One advantage of this bundled information is its reusability, which allows redundancy to be reduced. The representation of lexical information should enable us to express a further kind of generalization, namely the relations between regularity, subr... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | The research project SLMLEX is supported by the DFG under grant number Ki 374/1. The authors are indebted to the participants of the Workshop on Inheritance, Tilburg 1990. | 1991 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
thorne-etal-2013-automated | https://aclanthology.org/I13-1160 | Automated Activity Recognition in Clinical Documents | We describe a first experiment on the identification and extraction of computerinterpretable guideline (CIG) components (activities, actors and consumed artifacts) from clinical documents, based on clinical entity recognition techniques. We rely on MetaMap and the UMLS Metathesaurus to provide lexical information, and ... | true | [] | [] | Good Health and Well-Being | null | null | null | 2013 | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
farahmand-henderson-2016-modeling | https://aclanthology.org/W16-1809 | Modeling the Non-Substitutability of Multiword Expressions with Distributional Semantics and a Log-Linear Model | Non-substitutability is a property of Multiword Expressions (MWEs) that often causes lexical rigidity and is relevant for most types of MWEs. Efficient identification of this property can result in the efficient identification of MWEs. In this work we propose using distributional semantics, in the form of word embeddin... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2016 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
vandeghinste-schuurman-2014-linking | http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2014/pdf/189_Paper.pdf | Linking Pictographs to Synsets: Sclera2Cornetto | Social inclusion of people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities can be promoted by offering them ways to independently use the internet. People with reading or writing disabilities can use pictographs instead of text. We present a resource in which we have linked a set of 5710 pictographs to lexical-semanti... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This research is done in the Picto project, funded by the Support Fund Marguerite-Marie Delacroix. 17 Follow up work on the localisation of the text to pictograph translator is funded by the European Commission CIP-621055 in the Able-to-Include project. | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
fu-etal-2014-improving | https://aclanthology.org/W14-6807 | Improving Chinese Sentence Polarity Classification via Opinion Paraphrasing | While substantial studies have been achieved on sentiment polarity classification to date, lacking enough opinion-annotated corpora for reliable t rain ing is still a challenge. In this paper we propose to improve a supported vector mach ines based polarity classifier by enriching both training data and test data via o... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61170148 and No.60973081, the Returned Scholar Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, and Harbin Innovative Foundation for Returnees under Grant No.2009RFLXG007, respectively. | 2014 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
liu-etal-2020-unsupervised | https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.28 | Unsupervised Paraphrasing by Simulated Annealing | We propose UPSA, a novel approach that accomplishes Unsupervised Paraphrasing by Simulated Annealing. We model paraphrase generation as an optimization problem and propose a sophisticated objective function, involving semantic similarity, expression diversity, and language fluency of paraphrases. UPSA searches the sent... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful suggestions. This work was supported in part by the Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip. Lili Mou is supported by AltaML, the Amii Fellow Program, and the Canadian CIFAR AI Chair Program; he also acknowledges the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering... | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
dohsaka-etal-2010-user | https://aclanthology.org/W10-4358 | User-adaptive Coordination of Agent Communicative Behavior in Spoken Dialogue | In this paper, which addresses smooth spoken interaction between human users and conversational agents, we present an experimental study that evaluates a method for user-adaptive coordination of agent communicative behavior. Our method adapts the pause duration preceding agent utterances and the agent gaze duration to ... | true | [] | [] | Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure | null | null | This work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas, "Founding a creative society via collaboration between humans and robots" (21118004), from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. | 2010 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | true | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
ikeda-etal-1998-information | https://aclanthology.org/C98-1090 | Information Classification and Navigation Based on 5WlH of the Target Information | This paper proposes a method by which 5W1H (who, when, where, what, why, how, and predicate) information is used to classify and navigate Japaneselanguage texts. 5WlH information, extracted from text data, has an access platform with three functions: episodic retrieval, multi-dimensional classification, and overall cla... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | We would like to thank Dr. Satoshi Goto and Dr. Takao Watanabe for their encouragement and continued support throughout this work.We also appreciate the contribution of Mr. Kenji Satoh, Mr. Takayoshi Ochiai, Mr. Satoshi Shimokawara, and Mr. Masahito Abe to this work. | 1998 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
klein-nabi-2020-contrastive | https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.671 | Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning for Commonsense Reasoning | We propose a self-supervised method to solve Pronoun Disambiguation and Winograd Schema Challenge problems. Our approach exploits the characteristic structure of training corpora related to so-called "trigger" words, which are responsible for flipping the answer in pronoun disambiguation. We achieve such commonsense re... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
kumar-etal-2020-vocabulary | https://aclanthology.org/2020.aacl-main.78 | Vocabulary Matters: A Simple yet Effective Approach to Paragraph-level Question Generation | Question generation (QG) has recently attracted considerable attention. Most of the current neural models take as input only one or two sentences and perform poorly when multiple sentences or complete paragraphs are given as input. However, in real-world scenarios, it is very important to be able to generate high-quali... | false | [] | [] | null | null | null | null | 2020 | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false | false |
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