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abelia-floribunda | Abelia floribunda | Vesalea floribunda | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | fire-resistant | consensus | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-floribunda/ | gva-valencia | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/gva-valencia/ | null | null | recommend | recommended low-flammability species (shrubs, garden column) | null | especies recomendadas | null | null | null | null | 2019 | null | https://www.leliana.es/sites/www.leliana.es/files/files/Jardineria%20de%20baja%20inflamabilidad.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-floribunda | Abelia floribunda | Vesalea floribunda | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | fire-resistant | consensus | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-floribunda/ | girona-pirojardineria-2020 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/girona-pirojardineria-2020/ | null | null | recommend | RECOMENDADA | Abelia floribunda is rated “RECOMENDADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone","scheme":"girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability"} | 2020 Spanish edition | 2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://interior.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/030_arees_dactuacio/bombers/foc_forestal/publicacions_tecniques_i_normativa/guies_tecniques/prevencio_i_extincio/2020_Guia_de_pirojardineria_es.pdf | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | fps-eastern-us | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/fps-eastern-us/ | null | null | mixed | MODERATELY Firewise (2) | Leaves persist throughout winter increasing flammability. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"LZ2","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"} | 2016-wayback | null | null | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | long-2006-srs | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/long-2006-srs/ | null | null | mixed | Moderate flammability (whole-plant burns, NIST BFRL) | null | null | null | whole-plant | null | null | 2006 | null | https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/ja/ja_long004.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | osu-b921 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/osu-b921/ | null | null | avoid | H flammability | Marginally cold hardy; adapts to various growing conditions. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"do not plant within 5 ft of structures (keep out of Zone 1)","scheme":"b921-siting"} | 2006 | null | http://web.archive.org/web/20070714035936/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/ohio_plantlist.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | va-firescapes | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/va-firescapes/ | null | null | avoid | H flammability | Adapts to many growing conditions. | null | null | null | null | null | 2009 | null | http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | firesmart-bc | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/firesmart-bc/ | null | null | recommend | FireSmart-approved fire-resistant plant | Flagged by FireSmart BC as needing more research. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | https://firesmartbc.ca/landscaping-hub/fire-resistant-plants/ | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | girona-pirojardineria-2020 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/girona-pirojardineria-2020/ | null | null | recommend | RECOMENDADA | Abelia x grandiflora is rated “RECOMENDADA” by the guide's qualitative IUF garden-suitability method. The method assumes species-specific care and integrates fire evidence with fuel structure, maintenance, origin, invasiveness, and expert fire-service experience. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"suitable inside or outside the 25-metre maximum-risk zone","scheme":"girona-2020-iuf-25m-suitability"} | 2020 Spanish edition | 2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://interior.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/030_arees_dactuacio/bombers/foc_forestal/publicacions_tecniques_i_normativa/guies_tecniques/prevencio_i_extincio/2020_Guia_de_pirojardineria_es.pdf | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | sun-city-tx-firewise-plant-guide-2015 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/sun-city-tx-firewise-plant-guide-2015/ | null | null | mixed | medium | The table rates Abelia — Abelia grandiflora; Abelia, Glossy — Abelia grandiflora medium for flammability hazard, defined as the ease a plant can burn at high temperatures for a prolonged time. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"Shrubs","scheme":"Sun City plant-table sections"} | updated January 14, 2015 | 2015-01-14T00:00:00.000Z | http://web.archive.org/web/20250114065810/https://www.sariverauthority.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/FIREWISE-PLANT-LIST-Sun-City.pdf | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia-grandiflora | Abelia grandiflora | Abelia chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | disputed | conflict | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia-grandiflora/ | canberra-plant-selector | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/canberra-plant-selector/ | null | null | recommend | Fire Retardant — Yes — Abelia x grandiflora | The live Canberra Plant Selector marks “Abelia x grandiflora” as “Fire Retardant: Yes.” | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"filtered result page 1","scheme":"canberra-selector"} | live tool capture 2026-08-25 | null | https://plantselector.com.au/browse-plants/?fire_retardant%5B0%5D=1 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelia | Abelia sp. | Abelia | Caprifoliaceae | shrub | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelia/ | yavapai-34 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/yavapai-34/ | null | null | recommend | Fire-Resistant Plants | Listed as Abelia — Abelia sp.. The bulletin says fire-resistant plants tend to resist ignition when irrigated and maintained, while fire-prone plants may ignite readily and burn intensely. | null | null | whole-plant | null | null | v1.2 | 2025-03-14T00:00:00.000Z | https://www.extension.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/2025-03/FirewisePlants3-14-2025.pdf | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abeliophyllum-distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Oleaceae | shrub | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abeliophyllum-distichum/ | pnw-590 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/pnw-590/ | null | null | recommend | listed fire-resistant | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2023 | 2023-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/pnw-590-fire-resistant-plants-home-landscapes | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abeliophyllum-distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Oleaceae | shrub | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abeliophyllum-distichum/ | idaho-firewise-master-db | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/idaho-firewise-master-db/ | null | null | mixed | fire-resistance score 6 of 10 | null | null | {"value":6,"scale":"idaho-0-10"} | null | null | {"value":"plantable at 50' from home","scheme":"idaho-distance"} | null | null | https://idahofirewise.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/FireXResistanceXofXPlantsXMasterXDatabase.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abeliophyllum-distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Abeliophyllum distichum | Oleaceae | shrub | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abeliophyllum-distichum/ | osu-plant-profile-galleries | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/osu-plant-profile-galleries/ | null | null | recommend | Choose the right shrubs for your fire-resistant landscape | The White forsythia profile prints Abeliophyllum distichum. The gallery points to PNW 590 for complete details. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"White forsythia — Abeliophyllum distichum","scheme":"osu-2023-shrubs-gallery"} | November 2023 educational gallery | 2023-11-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://extension.oregonstate.edu/gallery/fire-resistant-plant-profiles-shrubs | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelmoschus-manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Malvaceae | perennial | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelmoschus-manihot/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Pacheco2022 | null | not-rated | maximum flame temperature (°C): 577.15 | FLAMITS record 16357; Combustibility measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ... Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire... | null | {"value":577.15,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"} | shoot | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelmoschus-manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Malvaceae | perennial | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelmoschus-manihot/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Pacheco2022 | null | not-rated | burning duration (s): 1.75 | FLAMITS record 16358; Sustainability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ... Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire... | null | {"value":1.75,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"} | shoot | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abelmoschus-manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Abelmoschus manihot | Malvaceae | perennial | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abelmoschus-manihot/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Pacheco2022 | null | not-rated | estimated burnt biomass (%): 4 | FLAMITS record 16359; Consumability measurement; plant part branches; fuel all; predrying yes; device grill; site Pacheco2022-1; sampling october to november 2022. Primary study Pacheco2022: Pacheco, A. S., Goodman, H. D., Hankenson, L., Fisk, J. J., Ortiz, A., Marinace, H. M., ... Tng, D. Y. P. (2022). Fighting fire ... | null | {"value":4,"scale":"FLAMITS — estimated burnt biomass (%)"} | shoot | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Dimitrakopoulos2011 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 26.31 | FLAMITS record 2979; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-st... | null | {"value":26.31,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Dimitrakopoulos2011 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4527.48 | FLAMITS record 2989; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-... | null | {"value":4527.48,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Dimitrakopoulos2011 | null | not-rated | temperature at flaming (°C): 242.5 | FLAMITS record 2999; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Dimitrakopoulos2011-1; sampling summer. Primary study Dimitrakopoulos2011: Dimitrakopoulos, A. P., Mitsopoulos, I. D., & Kaliva, A. (2011). Short communication. Comparing flammability traits among fire-st... | null | {"value":242.5,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 55 | FLAMITS record 19258; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":55,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 16 | FLAMITS record 19260; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":16,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 11 | FLAMITS record 19262; Ignitability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":11,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | flaming duration (s): 1252 | FLAMITS record 19264; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":1252,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | flaming duration (s): 1199 | FLAMITS record 19266; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":1199,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | flaming duration (s): 452 | FLAMITS record 19268; Sustainability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":452,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 18875.99 | FLAMITS record 19270; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":18875.99,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 18844.94 | FLAMITS record 19272; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":18844.94,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 18954.81 | FLAMITS record 19274; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":18954.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | energy flux (kW/m²): 164.73 | FLAMITS record 19276; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":164.73,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | energy flux (kW/m²): 170.09 | FLAMITS record 19278; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":170.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | energy flux (kW/m²): 242.26 | FLAMITS record 19280; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":242.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — energy flux (kW/m²)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | mass loss rate (g/s): 0.21 | FLAMITS record 19282; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":0.21,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | mass loss rate (g/s): 0.18 | FLAMITS record 19284; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":0.18,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | mass loss rate (g/s): 0.26 | FLAMITS record 19286; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":0.26,"scale":"FLAMITS — mass loss rate (g/s)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 83.49 | FLAMITS record 19288; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":83.49,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 81.87 | FLAMITS record 19290; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":81.87,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Protic2020 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 84.44 | FLAMITS record 19292; Consumability measurement; plant part wood; fuel dead; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Protic2020-1; sampling ND. Primary study Protic2020: Proti?, M., Mii?, N., Raos, M., & Sekuli?, S. (2020). Solid wood flammability testing. Safety Engineering, 10, 912. | null | {"value":84.44,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-alba | Abies alba | Abies alba | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-alba/ | greece-property-fire-regulation-2023 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/greece-property-fire-regulation-2023/ | null | null | avoid | ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΕΥΦΛΕΚΤΑ ΕΝΔΗΜΙΚΑ ΦΥΤΑ — Abies alba | The regulation prints this taxon in its table of particularly flammable endemic trees and shrubs. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"section 5.4.2, Table 2δi","scheme":"greece-2023-particularly-flammable"} | FEK B 3475/2023 | 2023-05-24T00:00:00.000Z | https://www.elinyae.gr/ethniki-nomothesia/ya-oik-ypendaoka5590420192023-fek-3475b-2452023 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-amabilis | Abies amabilis | Abies amabilis | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-amabilis/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Zhang2022 | null | not-rated | maximum flame temperature (°C): 305.556 | FLAMITS record 15543; Combustibility measurement; plant part whole plant; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Zhang2022-1; sampling january and march 2011. Primary study Zhang2022: Zhang, S., Cornwell, W. K., Zhao, W., van Logtestijn, R. S., Krab, E. J., Aerts, R., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2022). Experimen... | null | {"value":305.556,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum flame temperature (°C)"} | whole-plant | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-amabilis | Abies amabilis | Abies amabilis | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-amabilis/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Zhang2022 | null | not-rated | flaming duration (s): 3.3 | FLAMITS record 15584; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device burning bench; site Zhang2022-1; sampling january and march 2011. Primary study Zhang2022: Zhang, S., Cornwell, W. K., Zhao, W., van Logtestijn, R. S., Krab, E. J., Aerts, R., & Cornelissen, J. H. (2022). Experimental e... | null | {"value":3.3,"scale":"FLAMITS — flaming duration (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | fps-eastern-us | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/fps-eastern-us/ | null | null | mixed | AT RISK Firewise (3) | Grows best in non-landscape locations. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"LZ4","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"} | 2016-wayback | null | null | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | osu-b921 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/osu-b921/ | null | null | avoid | H flammability | Use Canaan fir; more tolerant of moist soils than other firs; Christmas tree. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"keep 30 ft from the home (Zone 3)","scheme":"b921-siting"} | 2006 | null | http://web.archive.org/web/20070714035936/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/ohio_plantlist.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Hough1969 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 5060 | FLAMITS record 5030; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hough1969-3; sampling june. Primary study Hough1969: Hough, W. A. (1969). Caloric Value of Some Forest Fuels of the Southern United States. Res. Note SE-120. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agricultur... | null | {"value":5060,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Hough1969 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 5040 | FLAMITS record 5031; Combustibility measurement; plant part twigs; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Hough1969-3; sampling june. Primary study Hough1969: Hough, W. A. (1969). Caloric Value of Some Forest Fuels of the Southern United States. Res. Note SE-120. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture... | null | {"value":5040,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | shoot | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 137 | FLAMITS record 14105; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international conferenc... | null | {"value":137,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 87 | FLAMITS record 14106; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international conferenc... | null | {"value":87,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 146.4 | FLAMITS record 14116; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international confere... | null | {"value":146.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | maximum energy flux (kW/m²): 141.2 | FLAMITS record 14117; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international confere... | null | {"value":141.2,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum energy flux (kW/m²)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 2507 | FLAMITS record 14127; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international confere... | null | {"value":2507,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-balsamea | Abies balsamea | Abies balsamea | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-balsamea/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | White1997 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 2412 | FLAMITS record 14128; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site White1997-1; sampling spring. Primary study White1997: White, R. H., DeMars, D., & Bishop, M. (1997). Flammability of Christmas trees and other vegetation. Proceedings of the 24th international confere... | null | {"value":2412,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-borisii-regis | Abies borisii-regis | Abies borisii-regis | Pinaceae | tree | mixed-evidence | limited-evidence | candidate | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-borisii-regis/ | greece-property-fire-regulation-2023 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/greece-property-fire-regulation-2023/ | null | null | avoid | ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΕΥΦΛΕΚΤΑ ΕΝΔΗΜΙΚΑ ΦΥΤΑ — Abies borisii regis | The regulation prints this taxon in its table of particularly flammable endemic trees and shrubs. Printed-name correction used for exact matching: Abies borisii regis -> Abies borisii-regis. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"section 5.4.2, Table 2δi","scheme":"greece-2023-particularly-flammable"} | FEK B 3475/2023 | 2023-05-24T00:00:00.000Z | https://www.elinyae.gr/ethniki-nomothesia/ya-oik-ypendaoka5590420192023-fek-3475b-2452023 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-bracteata | Abies bracteata | Abies bracteata | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-bracteata/ | fenz-low-flammability | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/fenz-low-flammability/ | null | null | avoid | High flammability | High flammability classification. | null | null | shoot | null | null | 2026 | null | https://www.checkitsalright.nz/reduce-your-risk/low-flammability-plants | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | valette-1990 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/valette-1990/ | null | null | recommend | INRA inflammability note 2 of 5 (July-September maximum) | Monthly inflammability notes May-April: 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 (epiradiator tests, INRA Avignon). | modérément inflammable | {"value":2,"scale":"inra-0-5"} | shoot | null | null | 1990 | null | https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03426210 | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4946.22 | FLAMITS record 6549; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 6... | null | {"value":4946.22,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 53 | FLAMITS record 6639; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":53,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 47 | FLAMITS record 6640; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":47,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 31 | FLAMITS record 6641; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":31,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 26 | FLAMITS record 6642; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":26,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 27 | FLAMITS record 6643; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":27,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 20 | FLAMITS record 6644; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":20,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 15 | FLAMITS record 6645; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":15,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 13 | FLAMITS record 6646; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":13,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 13 | FLAMITS record 6647; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":13,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 12 | FLAMITS record 6648; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":12,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 9 | FLAMITS record 6649; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 7 | FLAMITS record 6650; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device muffle furnace; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, ... | null | {"value":7,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 68.69 | FLAMITS record 6667; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetr... | null | {"value":68.69,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Liodakis2002 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 72.43 | FLAMITS record 6674; Consumability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device thermal analyzer; site Liodakis2002-2; sampling january. Primary study Liodakis2002: Liodakis, S., Bakirtzis, D., & Lois, E. (2002). TG and autoignition studies on forest fuels. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetr... | null | {"value":72.43,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4600 | FLAMITS record 9756; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the co... | null | {"value":4600,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4950 | FLAMITS record 9759; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device calorimeter; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the co... | null | {"value":4950,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | temperature at flaming (°C): 164.24 | FLAMITS record 9762; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the... | null | {"value":164.24,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | temperature at flaming (°C): 165.42 | FLAMITS record 9765; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to the... | null | {"value":165.42,"scale":"FLAMITS — temperature at flaming (°C)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | burning duration (s): 362.4 | FLAMITS record 9768; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to t... | null | {"value":362.4,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Ntoufas2016 | null | not-rated | burning duration (s): 486.6 | FLAMITS record 9771; Sustainability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device thermal analyzer; site Ntoufas2016-1; sampling february. Primary study Ntoufas2016: Ntoufas, I., Liodakis, S., & Tzamtzis, N. (2016). The effect of the extractable components of euro-mediterranean vegetation species to t... | null | {"value":486.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Valette1990 | null | not-rated | flammability value: 0 | FLAMITS record 13355; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflam... | null | {"value":0,"scale":"FLAMITS — flammability value"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Valette1990 | null | not-rated | flammability value: 2 | FLAMITS record 13356; Ignitability measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying no; device epiradiator; site Valette1990-1; sampling june to september. Primary study Valette1990: Valette, J.-C. (1990). Flammabilities of Mediterranean forest species. Effects on the combustibility of the forest communities inflam... | null | {"value":2,"scale":"FLAMITS — flammability value"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Abies cephalonica | Pinaceae | tree | fire-resistant | limited-evidence | on-list | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-cephalonica/ | greece-property-fire-regulation-2023 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/greece-property-fire-regulation-2023/ | null | null | avoid | ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΕΥΦΛΕΚΤΑ ΕΝΔΗΜΙΚΑ ΦΥΤΑ — Abies cephalonica | The regulation prints this taxon in its table of particularly flammable endemic trees and shrubs. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"section 5.4.2, Table 2δi","scheme":"greece-2023-particularly-flammable"} | FEK B 3475/2023 | 2023-05-24T00:00:00.000Z | https://www.elinyae.gr/ethniki-nomothesia/ya-oik-ypendaoka5590420192023-fek-3475b-2452023 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | fps-eastern-us | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/fps-eastern-us/ | null | null | mixed | AT RISK Firewise (3) | Most tolerant of urban conditions than all firs, resin blisters found on bark can be very flammable. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"LZ4","scheme":"fps-landscape-zone"} | 2016-wayback | null | null | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | osu-b921 | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/osu-b921/ | null | null | avoid | H flammability | Variable urban tolerance; heat intolerant; intolerant of moisture excess. | null | null | null | null | {"value":"keep 30 ft from the home (Zone 3)","scheme":"b921-siting"} | 2006 | null | http://web.archive.org/web/20070714035936/http://www.firewise.org/usa/files/ohio_plantlist.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | va-firescapes | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/va-firescapes/ | null | null | avoid | H flammability | Tolerates urban conditions in cooler regions. | null | null | null | null | null | 2009 | null | http://web.archive.org/web/20090709143736/http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-300/430-300.pdf | 2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | white-etal-2002-cone-update | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/white-etal-2002-cone-update/ | null | null | mixed | Measured; not in an author-named high or low relative-flammability group | Table 4 reports 113% foliage moisture, green-sample PHRR 140 kW/m2, and dry-sample EHOC 17.8 MJ/kg. | null | {"value":140,"scale":"green-PHRR-kW-m2"} | shoot | green | null | 2002 | 2002-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/8596.pdf | 2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | nv-forestry-tahoe-landscaping-guide | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/nv-forestry-tahoe-landscaping-guide/ | null | null | avoid | high — Fir, white — Abies concolor | Table 1's Fire Hazard column prints “high” for this taxon. The guide calls the rating a rough estimate of potential flammability, not a result of scientific trials. Its footnote says plants that turn brown often become high fire hazards and tells readers to mow grasses and forbs when they begin to turn brown. | null | null | whole-plant | null | {"value":"Fire Hazard column: high","scheme":"tahoe-guide-2006"} | Bulletin 06-01 (2006) | 2006-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | https://forestry.nv.gov/uploads/missions/20210304_AMT_2006_Home_Landscaping_Guide_Lake_Tahoe.pdf | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Belcher2016 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 6.6 | FLAMITS record 598; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactions... | null | {"value":6.6,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Belcher2016 | null | not-rated | burning duration (s): 78.81 | FLAMITS record 613; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactio... | null | {"value":78.81,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Belcher2016 | null | not-rated | maximum energy release rate (kW): 3.92 | FLAMITS record 628; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactio... | null | {"value":3.92,"scale":"FLAMITS — maximum energy release rate (kW)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | Belcher2016 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 2593.21 | FLAMITS record 643; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site Belcher2016-1; sampling ND. Primary study Belcher2016: Belcher, C. M. (2016). The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire. Philosophical Transactio... | null | {"value":2593.21,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | deMagalhaes2012 | null | not-rated | time to flaming (s): 1.9 | FLAMITS record 2628; Ignitability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a tem... | null | {"value":1.9,"scale":"FLAMITS — time to flaming (s)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | deMagalhaes2012 | null | not-rated | burning duration (s): 830.7 | FLAMITS record 2636; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a t... | null | {"value":830.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — burning duration (s)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | deMagalhaes2012 | null | not-rated | rate of burning spread (cm/s): 0.21 | FLAMITS record 2644; Sustainability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a t... | null | {"value":0.21,"scale":"FLAMITS — rate of burning spread (cm/s)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | deMagalhaes2012 | null | not-rated | flame height (cm): 77.33 | FLAMITS record 2652; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a t... | null | {"value":77.33,"scale":"FLAMITS — flame height (cm)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | deMagalhaes2012 | null | not-rated | burnt biomass (%): 94 | FLAMITS record 2660; Consumability measurement; plant part litter; fuel all; predrying no; device burning bench; site deMagalhaes2012-1; sampling summer. Primary study deMagalhaes2012: De Magalhães, R. M. Q., & Schwilk, D. W. (2012). Leaf traits and litter flammability: evidence for non-additive mixture effects in a te... | null | {"value":94,"scale":"FLAMITS — burnt biomass (%)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 1344.7 | FLAMITS record 13399; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journa... | null | {"value":1344.7,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 972.1 | FLAMITS record 13400; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journa... | null | {"value":972.1,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4934.56 | FLAMITS record 13401; Combustibility measurement; plant part leaves; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journa... | null | {"value":4934.56,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | leaf | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 5032.48 | FLAMITS record 13402; Combustibility measurement; plant part litter; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journa... | null | {"value":5032.48,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | litter | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4891.56 | FLAMITS record 13475; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal ... | null | {"value":4891.56,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4827.08 | FLAMITS record 13476; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal ... | null | {"value":4827.08,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 5073.09 | FLAMITS record 13477; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal ... | null | {"value":5073.09,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
abies-concolor | Abies concolor | Abies concolor | Pinaceae | tree | highly-flammable | limited-evidence | avoid | https://fireapproved.com/plants/abies-concolor/ | flamits | https://fireapproved.com/plants/source/flamits/ | vanWagtendonk1998 | null | not-rated | calorific value (kcal/kg): 4917.84 | FLAMITS record 13478; Combustibility measurement; plant part wood; fuel live; predrying yes; device calorimeter; site vanWagtendonk1998-1; sampling ND. Primary study vanWagtendonk1998: Van Wagdendonk, J., Sydoriak, W. M., & Benedict, J. M. (1998). Heat content variation of Sierra Nevada conifers. International Journal ... | null | {"value":4917.84,"scale":"FLAMITS — calorific value (kcal/kg)"} | null | null | null | Dryad version 9 | 2023-12-22T00:00:00.000Z | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h18931zr3 | 2026-08-25T00:00:00.000Z |
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