triplets list | passage stringlengths 6 20.1k | __index_level_0__ int64 0 834 |
|---|---|---|
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"father",
"Duke Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg"
] | Early life
In Prussia
Born in Treptow an der Rega, today Trzebiatów, Poland, Frederick was the eldest son of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg, and Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Frederick's father was the third son of Charles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg, and Frederick was thus the nephew of the long... | 15 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"given name",
"Friedrich"
] | Frederick I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816) was the ruler of Württemberg from 1797 to his death. He was the last Duke of Württemberg from 1797 to 1803, then the first and only Elector of Württemberg from 1803 to 1806, before raising Württemberg to a kingdom in 1806 with the approval ... | 16 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"noble title",
"duke"
] | Frederick I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816) was the ruler of Württemberg from 1797 to his death. He was the last Duke of Württemberg from 1797 to 1803, then the first and only Elector of Württemberg from 1803 to 1806, before raising Württemberg to a kingdom in 1806 with the approval ... | 23 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"position held",
"Prince-Elector"
] | Reign
Duke and Elector
On 22 December 1797, Frederick's father, who had succeeded his brother as Duke of Württemberg two years before, died, and Frederick became Duke of Württemberg as Frederick III. He was not to enjoy his reign undisturbed for long, however. In 1800, the French army occupied Württemberg and the Duke ... | 32 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"child",
"stillborn daughter von Württemberg"
] | Firstly on 15 October 1780, to Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, by whom he had four children:
King William I of Württemberg (1781–1864), who succeeded his father as king.
Princess Catharina of Württemberg (1783–1835), who on 22 August 1807 married Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia, youngest brother of Emperor Napo... | 43 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"position held",
"King of Württemberg"
] | Frederick I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816) was the ruler of Württemberg from 1797 to his death. He was the last Duke of Württemberg from 1797 to 1803, then the first and only Elector of Württemberg from 1803 to 1806, before raising Württemberg to a kingdom in 1806 with the approval ... | 44 |
[
"Frederick I of Württemberg",
"position held",
"Duke of Württemberg"
] | Reign
Duke and Elector
On 22 December 1797, Frederick's father, who had succeeded his brother as Duke of Württemberg two years before, died, and Frederick became Duke of Württemberg as Frederick III. He was not to enjoy his reign undisturbed for long, however. In 1800, the French army occupied Württemberg and the Duke ... | 45 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 1 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"spouse",
"Catherine Pavlovna of Russia"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 3 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"spouse",
"Caroline Augusta of Bavaria"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 6 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"place of death",
"Rosenstein Castle"
] | William died at 5:10 on the morning of 25 June 1864 at Schloss Rosenstein in the presence of his personal physician, Dr. Karl Alsatian, and a valet. On the morning of 30 June, in the presence of his son and successor, King Charles and his stepson Peter of Oldenburg, he was buried alongside his second wife Catherine in ... | 9 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 11 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"child",
"Karl I of Württemberg"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 12 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"sex or gender",
"male"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 13 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"described by source",
"Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie"
] | Further reading
Constantin von Wurzbach : Württemberg, Wilhelm Friedrich Karl King, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. Volume 58. L C Zamarski, Vienna, 1889, p. 246
Eugen Schneider: Wilhelm I. Friedrich Karl, König von Württemberg, Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Lei... | 20 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"child",
"Princess Marie, Countess of Neipperg"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 24 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"child",
"Princess Augusta of Württemberg"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 25 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"family",
"House of Württemberg"
] | Life
Youth
Born at Lüben (after 1945 Lubin, Poland) on 27 September 1781, Frederick William (known as "Fritz" until the beginning of his reign) was the son of Duke Frederick William Charles of Württemberg (1754–1816) and his wife, Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1764–1788). The relationship between his mot... | 29 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"given name",
"Wilhelm"
] | Early reign
Accession
King Frederick died on 30 October 1816, at 1:30 am. On the same day, Catherine, who already had two sons from her first marriage, gave birth to their daughter Marie Friederike Charlotte. Although in King Frederick's declining years, he and his son no longer had any political and personal conflicts... | 32 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"place of burial",
"Württemberg Mausoleum"
] | William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 27 September 1781 – 25 June 1864) was King of Württemberg from 30 October 1816 until his death.
Upon William's accession, Württemberg was suffering crop failures and famine in the "Year Without a Summer", in 1816. After taking office, he initiated sweeping reforms, resulting i... | 35 |
[
"William I of Württemberg",
"position held",
"King of Württemberg"
] | Firstly on 8 June 1808 in Munich to Caroline Augusta (1792–1873), daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756–1825) and Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765–1796). They divorced in 1814, without issue;
Secondly on 24 January 1816 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, he married his first cousin Grand Duchess ... | 43 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Character
Brutality
In Assyrian royal ideology, the Assyrian king was the divinely appointed mortal representative of Ashur. The king was seen as having the moral, humane and necessary obligation to extend Assyria since lands outside Assyria were regarded to be uncivilized and a threat to the cosmic and divine order wi... | 0 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"sibling",
"Shamash-shum-ukin"
] | Background and accession
Becoming the heir to Assyria
Born c. 685 BC, Ashurbanipal succeeded his father Esarhaddon (r. 681–669). Though Ashurbanipal's inscriptions suggest that he was divinely preordained to rule, his accession was far from straightforward, and its political complexities sowed the seeds for later civil... | 7 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"father",
"Esarhaddon"
] | I am Ashurbanipal, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four regions of the world; offspring of the loins of Esarhaddon, king of the universe, king of Assyria, viceroy of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad; grandson of Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria.
A si... | 11 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Titles
In an inscription on a cylinder dated to 648, Ashurbanipal used the following titles:I am Ashurbanipal, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four regions of the world; offspring of the loins of Esarhaddon, king of the universe, king of Assyria, viceroy of Babylon, k... | 13 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"occupation",
"sovereign"
] | I am Ashurbanipal, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four regions of the world; offspring of the loins of Esarhaddon, king of the universe, king of Assyria, viceroy of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad; grandson of Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria.
A si... | 14 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"mother",
"Ešar-ḫamat"
] | Background and accession
Becoming the heir to Assyria
Born c. 685 BC, Ashurbanipal succeeded his father Esarhaddon (r. 681–669). Though Ashurbanipal's inscriptions suggest that he was divinely preordained to rule, his accession was far from straightforward, and its political complexities sowed the seeds for later civil... | 19 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"spouse",
"Libbāli-šarrat"
] | Ashur-etil-ilani ( Aššur-etil-ilāni), who ruled as king 631–627,
Sinsharishkun ( Sîn-šar-iškun), who ruled as king 627–612,
Ninurta-sharru-usur (Ninurta-šarru-uṣur), who played no political roleLibbali-sharrat was presumably the mother of Ashurbanipal's immediate successors, Ashur-etil-ilani and Sinsharishkun. Ninurtas... | 24 |
[
"Ashurbanipal",
"country of citizenship",
"Assyrian Empire"
] | I am Ashurbanipal, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four regions of the world; offspring of the loins of Esarhaddon, king of the universe, king of Assyria, viceroy of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad; grandson of Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria.
A si... | 25 |
[
"Sundiata Keita",
"cause of death",
"drowning"
] | Death
The generally accepted death year of Mansa Sundiata Keita is c. 1255. However, there is very little information regarding his cause of death. Not only are there different versions, mainly modern, but Mandinka tradition forbids disclosing the burial ground of their great kings. According to some, he died of drowni... | 2 |
[
"Sundiata Keita",
"conflict",
"Battle of Kirina"
] | Epic of Sundiata
The oral traditions relating to Sundiata Keita were passed down generation after generation by the local griots (djeli or jeliw), until eventually their stories were put into writing. Sundiata was the son of Naré Maghann Konaté (variation: Maghan Konfara) and Sogolon Condé (variations: "Sogolon Kolonka... | 6 |
[
"Sundiata Keita",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Sundiata Keita (Mandinka, Malinke: [sʊndʒæta keɪta]; c. 1217–c. 1255, N'Ko spelling: ߛߏ߲߬ߖߘߊ߬ ߞߋߕߊ߬; also known as Manding Diara, Lion of Mali, Sogolon Djata, son of Sogolon, Nare Maghan and Sogo Sogo Simbon Salaba) was a prince and founder of the Mali Empire. He is also the great-uncle of the Malian ruler Mansa Musa, ... | 10 |
[
"Sundiata Keita",
"father",
"Naré Maghann Konaté"
] | Epic of Sundiata
The oral traditions relating to Sundiata Keita were passed down generation after generation by the local griots (djeli or jeliw), until eventually their stories were put into writing. Sundiata was the son of Naré Maghann Konaté (variation: Maghan Konfara) and Sogolon Condé (variations: "Sogolon Kolonka... | 11 |
[
"Sundiata Keita",
"place of death",
"Sankarani River"
] | Death
The generally accepted death year of Mansa Sundiata Keita is c. 1255. However, there is very little information regarding his cause of death. Not only are there different versions, mainly modern, but Mandinka tradition forbids disclosing the burial ground of their great kings. According to some, he died of drowni... | 15 |
[
"Wenceslaus I of Bohemia",
"father",
"Ottokar I of Bohemia"
] | Wenceslaus I (Czech: Václav I.; c. 1205 – 23 September 1253), called One-Eyed, was King of Bohemia from 1230 to 1253.
Wenceslaus was a son of Ottokar I of Bohemia and his second wife Constance of Hungary.The rebellion
In 1248, Wenceslaus had to deal with a rebellion of the Bohemian nobility, led by his own son Ottokar ... | 14 |
[
"Wenceslaus I of Bohemia",
"mother",
"Constance of Hungary"
] | Wenceslaus I (Czech: Václav I.; c. 1205 – 23 September 1253), called One-Eyed, was King of Bohemia from 1230 to 1253.
Wenceslaus was a son of Ottokar I of Bohemia and his second wife Constance of Hungary. | 27 |
[
"Boris Skossyreff",
"occupation",
"monarch"
] | Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (Russian: Бори́с Миха́йлович Ско́сырев, romanized: Boris Mikhailovich Skosyrev; Catalan: Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev pronounced [boˌɾis .mikˌaj.lo.vit͡ʃ ˈsko.si.ɾef]; 12 January 1896 – 27 February 1989) was a Russian adventurer, international swindler and pretender who attempted to seize ... | 2 |
[
"Boris Skossyreff",
"given name",
"Boris"
] | Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (Russian: Бори́с Миха́йлович Ско́сырев, romanized: Boris Mikhailovich Skosyrev; Catalan: Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev pronounced [boˌɾis .mikˌaj.lo.vit͡ʃ ˈsko.si.ɾef]; 12 January 1896 – 27 February 1989) was a Russian adventurer, international swindler and pretender who attempted to seize ... | 3 |
[
"Boris Skossyreff",
"position held",
"king"
] | Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (Russian: Бори́с Миха́йлович Ско́сырев, romanized: Boris Mikhailovich Skosyrev; Catalan: Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev pronounced [boˌɾis .mikˌaj.lo.vit͡ʃ ˈsko.si.ɾef]; 12 January 1896 – 27 February 1989) was a Russian adventurer, international swindler and pretender who attempted to seize ... | 5 |
[
"Boris Skossyreff",
"place of birth",
"Vilnius"
] | Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (Russian: Бори́с Миха́йлович Ско́сырев, romanized: Boris Mikhailovich Skosyrev; Catalan: Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev pronounced [boˌɾis .mikˌaj.lo.vit͡ʃ ˈsko.si.ɾef]; 12 January 1896 – 27 February 1989) was a Russian adventurer, international swindler and pretender who attempted to seize ... | 7 |
[
"Boris Skossyreff",
"place of death",
"Boppard"
] | Imprisonment
In February 1939, Skossyreff was in a French prison camp with Spanish anti-Francoists, alongside Italian and Central European anti-fascists from the regions occupied by the Third Reich before World War II.In October 1942, he was released by the occupying Germans. With the victory of the allies, Skossyreff ... | 14 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"spouse",
"Stratonice of Syria"
] | Defeat of Demetrius and Lysimachus
Seleucus nominated his son Antiochus I as his co-ruler and viceroy of the eastern provinces in 292 BC, the vast extent of the empire seeming to require a double government. In 294 BC Stratonice married her stepson Antiochus. Seleucus reportedly instigated the marriage after discoverin... | 4 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"spouse",
"Apama"
] | From this, it seems that Seleucus surrendered the easternmost provinces of Arachosia, Gedrosia, Paropamisadae and perhaps also Aria. On the other hand, he was accepted by other satraps of the eastern provinces. His Persian wife, Apama, may have helped him implement his rule in Bactria and Sogdiana. This would tend to b... | 5 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"mother",
"Laodice of Macedonia"
] | Youth and family
Seleucus was the son of Antiochus. Historian Junianus Justinus claims that Antiochus was one of Philip II of Macedon's generals, but no such general is mentioned in any other sources, and nothing is known of his supposed career under Philip. It is possible that Antiochus was a member of an upper Macedo... | 6 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"father",
"Antiochus"
] | Youth and family
Seleucus was the son of Antiochus. Historian Junianus Justinus claims that Antiochus was one of Philip II of Macedon's generals, but no such general is mentioned in any other sources, and nothing is known of his supposed career under Philip. It is possible that Antiochus was a member of an upper Macedo... | 10 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"noble title",
"king"
] | from thence (the Hydaspes) to the Hesudrus 168 miles
to the river Ioames (Yamuna) as much: and some copies add 5 miles more therto
from thence to Ganges 112 miles
to Rhodapha 119, and some say, that between them two it is no less than 325 miles.
From it to Calinipaxa, a great town 167 miles-and-a-half, others say 265.
... | 13 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"child",
"Antiochus I Soter"
] | Seleucus I Nicator (; c. 358 – 281 BC; Greek: Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ Séleukos Nikátōr Attic Greek pronunciation: [sé.leu̯.kos], lit. 'the Victorious') was a Macedonian Greek general, officer and successor of Alexander the Great. While serving under Alexander, Seleucus was commander of the Hypaspistai, or Silver-Shields, an e... | 16 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"family",
"Seleucids"
] | Seleucus I Nicator (; c. 358 – 281 BC; Greek: Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ Séleukos Nikátōr Attic Greek pronunciation: [sé.leu̯.kos], lit. 'the Victorious') was a Macedonian Greek general, officer and successor of Alexander the Great. While serving under Alexander, Seleucus was commander of the Hypaspistai, or Silver-Shields, an e... | 19 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"noble title",
"Basileus"
] | from thence (the Hydaspes) to the Hesudrus 168 miles
to the river Ioames (Yamuna) as much: and some copies add 5 miles more therto
from thence to Ganges 112 miles
to Rhodapha 119, and some say, that between them two it is no less than 325 miles.
From it to Calinipaxa, a great town 167 miles-and-a-half, others say 265.
... | 20 |
[
"Seleucus I Nicator",
"position held",
"Seleucid ruler"
] | Chandragupta and the Eastern Provinces
Seleucus soon turned his attention once again eastward. The Persian provinces in what is now modern Afghanistan, together with the wealthy kingdom of Gandhara and the states of the Indus Valley, had all submitted to Alexander the Great and become part of his empire. When Alexander... | 30 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"instance of",
"human"
] | Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 24 days, from 9 May 1946 to 2 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio).
Umberto was the on... | 1 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"given name",
"Umberto"
] | Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 24 days, from 9 May 1946 to 2 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio).
Umberto was the on... | 20 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"military rank",
"Marshal of Italy"
] | Italian expansion during the Second World War
Umberto shared his father's fears that Mussolini's policy of alliance with Nazi Germany was reckless and dangerous, but he made no serious move to oppose Italy becoming one of the Axis powers. When Mussolini decided to enter the Second World War in June 1940, Umberto hinted... | 24 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 24 days, from 9 May 1946 to 2 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio).
Umberto was the on... | 25 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"place of birth",
"Racconigi"
] | Early life
Umberto was born at the Castle of Racconigi in Piedmont. He was the third child and the only son of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and his wife, Jelena of Montenegro. As such, he became heir apparent upon his birth since the Italian throne was limited to male descendants. Umberto was given the formal mili... | 27 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"child",
"Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy"
] | Princess Maria Pia (born 1934)
Prince Vittorio Emanuele (born 1937)
Princess Maria Gabriella (born 1940)
Princess Maria Beatrice (born 1943) | 34 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"place of burial",
"Hautecombe Abbey"
] | In exile
King Umberto II lived for 37 years in exile, in Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera. He never set foot in his native land again; the 1948 constitution of the Italian Republic not only forbade amending the constitution to restore the monarchy but, until 2002, barred all male heirs to the defunct Italian throne f... | 36 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"spouse",
"Queen Marie-José of Belgium"
] | Marriage and issue
Umberto was married in Rome on 8 January 1930 to Princess Marie José of Belgium (1906–2001), the beautiful and glamorous daughter of King Albert I of the Belgians and his wife, Queen Elisabeth (née Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria).
They had four children: | 37 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Umberto II of Italy"
] | Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 24 days, from 9 May 1946 to 2 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio).
Umberto was the on... | 39 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"mother",
"Elena of Montenegro"
] | Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 24 days, from 9 May 1946 to 2 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King (Italian: Re di Maggio).
Umberto was the on... | 41 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"father",
"Victor Emmanuel III of Italy"
] | Early life
Umberto was born at the Castle of Racconigi in Piedmont. He was the third child and the only son of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and his wife, Jelena of Montenegro. As such, he became heir apparent upon his birth since the Italian throne was limited to male descendants. Umberto was given the formal mili... | 43 |
[
"Umberto II of Italy",
"child",
"Prince Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples"
] | Princess Maria Pia (born 1934)
Prince Vittorio Emanuele (born 1937)
Princess Maria Gabriella (born 1940)
Princess Maria Beatrice (born 1943) | 54 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"residence",
"Cluj-Napoca"
] | Early life
Childhood (1443–1457)
Matthias was born in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca in Romania) on 23 February 1443. He was the second son of John Hunyadi and his wife, Elizabeth Szilágyi. Matthias' education was managed by his mother due to his father's absence. Many of the most learned men of Central Europe—including Gr... | 2 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"place of death",
"Vienna"
] | Last years (1487–1490)
According to the contemporaneous Philippe de Commines, Matthias's subjects feared their King in the last years of his life because he rarely showed mercy towards those he suspected of treachery. He had Archbishop Peter Váradi imprisoned in 1484 and ordered the execution of his Chancellor of Bohem... | 6 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"relative",
"Michael Szilágyi"
] | Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I (Hungarian: Hunyadi Mátyás, Romanian: Matia/Matei Corvin, Croatian: Matija/Matijaš Korvin, Slovak: Matej Korvín, Czech: Matyáš Korvín; 23 February 1443 – 6 April 1490), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490. After conducting several military campaigns, he was elec... | 10 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"place of birth",
"Cluj-Napoca"
] | Early life
Childhood (1443–1457)
Matthias was born in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca in Romania) on 23 February 1443. He was the second son of John Hunyadi and his wife, Elizabeth Szilágyi. Matthias' education was managed by his mother due to his father's absence. Many of the most learned men of Central Europe—including Gr... | 13 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"participant in",
"Battle of Třebíč"
] | War for the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1468–1479)
Matthias's former brother-in-law Victor of Poděbrady invaded Austria in early 1468. Emperor Frederick appealed to Matthias for support, hinting at the possibility of Matthias's election as King of the Romans—first step towards the imperial throne. Matthias declared wa... | 15 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"child",
"John Corvinus"
] | Family
When Matthias was 12, his family arranged for him to marry Elizabeth of Celje who was also a child when their marriage took place in 1455. She died in September before the marriage was consummated. His second wife Catherine of Poděbrady was born in 1449. She died in childbirth in January or February 1464. The ch... | 20 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"place of burial",
"Székesfehérvár Basilica"
] | Last years (1487–1490)
According to the contemporaneous Philippe de Commines, Matthias's subjects feared their King in the last years of his life because he rarely showed mercy towards those he suspected of treachery. He had Archbishop Peter Váradi imprisoned in 1484 and ordered the execution of his Chancellor of Bohem... | 36 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"spouse",
"Elizabeth of Celje"
] | Early life
Childhood (1443–1457)
Matthias was born in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca in Romania) on 23 February 1443. He was the second son of John Hunyadi and his wife, Elizabeth Szilágyi. Matthias' education was managed by his mother due to his father's absence. Many of the most learned men of Central Europe—including Gr... | 37 |
[
"Matthias Corvinus",
"family",
"Hunyadi family"
] | Election as king (1457–1458)
King Ladislaus died childless in 1457. His elder sister, Anna, and her husband, William III, Landgrave of Thuringia, laid claim to his inheritance but received no support from the Estates. The Diet of Hungary was convoked to Pest to elect a new king in January 1458. Pope Calixtus III's lega... | 38 |
[
"Artaxerxes I",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Artaxerxes I (, Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaçāʰ; Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης) was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC. He was the third son of Xerxes I.
He may have been the "Artasyrus" mentioned by Herodotus as being a satrap of the royal satrapy of Bactria.
In Greek sources he i... | 4 |
[
"Artaxerxes I",
"father",
"Xerxes I"
] | Succession to the throne
Artaxerxes was probably born in the reign of his grandfather Darius I, to the emperor's son and heir, Xerxes I. In 465 BC, Xerxes I was murdered by Hazarapat ("commander of thousand") Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard and the most powerful official in the Persian court, with the h... | 5 |
[
"Artaxerxes I",
"spouse",
"Damaspia"
] | Children
By queen Damaspia | 26 |
[
"Artaxerxes I",
"family",
"Achaemenid dynasty"
] | Artaxerxes I (, Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaçāʰ; Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης) was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC. He was the third son of Xerxes I.
He may have been the "Artasyrus" mentioned by Herodotus as being a satrap of the royal satrapy of Bactria.
In Greek sources he i... | 32 |
[
"Harthacnut",
"mother",
"Emma of Normandy"
] | Return to England
Harthacnut travelled to England with his mother. The landing at Sandwich on 17 June 1040, "seven days before Midsummer", was a peaceful one, though he had a fleet of 62 warships. Even though he had been invited to take the throne, he was taking no chances and came as a conqueror with an invasion force... | 7 |
[
"Harthacnut",
"noble title",
"king"
] | Harthacnut (Danish: Hardeknud; "Tough-knot"; c. 1018 – 8 June 1042), traditionally Hardicanute, sometimes referred to as Canute III, was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 and King of the English from 1040 to 1042.
Harthacnut was the son of King Cnut the Great (who ruled Denmark, Norway, and England) and Emma of Normand... | 11 |
[
"Harthacnut",
"sibling",
"Harold Harefoot"
] | Harthacnut (Danish: Hardeknud; "Tough-knot"; c. 1018 – 8 June 1042), traditionally Hardicanute, sometimes referred to as Canute III, was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 and King of the English from 1040 to 1042.
Harthacnut was the son of King Cnut the Great (who ruled Denmark, Norway, and England) and Emma of Normand... | 22 |
[
"Harthacnut",
"sibling",
"Gunhilda of Denmark"
] | Succession
The political agreement between Harthacnut and Magnus the Good included the appointment of the latter as heir to Harthacnut. At the time, the agreement would have only affected the throne of Denmark. The Heimskringla reports that when Harthacnut died, Magnus extended his claim to England. He reportedly sent ... | 23 |
[
"Edmund I",
"sibling",
"Edwin, son of Edward the Elder"
] | Religion
The major religious movement of the tenth century, the English Benedictine Reform, reached its peak under Edgar, but Edmund's reign was important in the early stages, which were led by Oda and Ælfheah, both of whom were monks. Oda had strong connections with Continental centres of reform, especially Fleury Abb... | 4 |
[
"Edmund I",
"sibling",
"Eadgifu"
] | Family and early life
Edmund's father, Edward the Elder, had three wives, eight or nine daughters, several of whom married Continental royalty, and five sons. Æthelstan was the only known son of Edward's first wife, Ecgwynn. His second wife, Ælfflæd, had two sons: Ælfweard, who may have been acknowledged in Wessex as k... | 7 |
[
"Edmund I",
"sibling",
"Æthelstan"
] | Family and early life
Edmund's father, Edward the Elder, had three wives, eight or nine daughters, several of whom married Continental royalty, and five sons. Æthelstan was the only known son of Edward's first wife, Ecgwynn. His second wife, Ælfflæd, had two sons: Ælfweard, who may have been acknowledged in Wessex as k... | 14 |
[
"Edmund I",
"father",
"Edward the Elder"
] | Edmund I or Eadmund I (920/921 – 26 May 946) was King of the English from 27 October 939 until his death. He was the elder son of King Edward the Elder and his third wife, Queen Eadgifu, and a grandson of King Alfred the Great. After Edward died in 924, he was succeeded by his eldest son, Edmund's half-brother Æthelsta... | 16 |
[
"Edmund I",
"child",
"Edgar of England"
] | Edmund I or Eadmund I (920/921 – 26 May 946) was King of the English from 27 October 939 until his death. He was the elder son of King Edward the Elder and his third wife, Queen Eadgifu, and a grandson of King Alfred the Great. After Edward died in 924, he was succeeded by his eldest son, Edmund's half-brother Æthelsta... | 19 |
[
"Edmund I",
"place of death",
"Pucklechurch"
] | Death and succession
On 26 May 946 Edmund was killed in a brawl at Pucklechurch in Gloucestershire. According to the post-Conquest chronicler, John of Worcester:While the glorious Edmund, king of the English, was at the royal township called Pucklechurch in English, in seeking to rescue his steward from Leofa, a most w... | 26 |
[
"Edmund I",
"mother",
"Eadgifu of Kent"
] | Edmund I or Eadmund I (920/921 – 26 May 946) was King of the English from 27 October 939 until his death. He was the elder son of King Edward the Elder and his third wife, Queen Eadgifu, and a grandson of King Alfred the Great. After Edward died in 924, he was succeeded by his eldest son, Edmund's half-brother Æthelsta... | 27 |
[
"Edmund I",
"sibling",
"Eadgyth"
] | Family and early life
Edmund's father, Edward the Elder, had three wives, eight or nine daughters, several of whom married Continental royalty, and five sons. Æthelstan was the only known son of Edward's first wife, Ecgwynn. His second wife, Ælfflæd, had two sons: Ælfweard, who may have been acknowledged in Wessex as k... | 29 |
[
"Shapur I",
"present in work",
"Shahnameh"
] | Army
Under Shapur, the Iranian military experienced a resurgence after a rather long decline in the 2nd and 3rd centuries, which gave the Romans the opportunity to undertake expeditions into the Near East and Mesopotamia during the end of the Parthian Empire. Yet, the military was essentially the same as that of the Pa... | 2 |
[
"Shapur I",
"place of death",
"Bishapur"
] | Death
In Bishapur, Shapur died of an illness. His death came in May 270 and he was succeeded by his son, Hormizd I. Two of his other sons, Bahram I and Narseh, would also become kings of the Sasanian Empire, while another son, Shapur Meshanshah, who died before Shapur, sired children who would hold exalted positions wi... | 13 |
[
"Shapur I",
"mother",
"Murrod"
] | Background and state of Iran
Shapur I was a son of Ardashir I and his wife Murrod or Denag. The background of the family is obscure; although based in Pars (also known as Persis), they were not native to the area, and were seemingly originally from the east. The historian Marek Jan Olbrycht has suggested that the famil... | 20 |
[
"Herod Antipas",
"sibling",
"Herod II"
] | Early life
Antipas was a son of Herod the Great, who had become king of Judea, and Malthace, who was from Samaria. His date of birth is unknown but was before 20 BC. Antipas, his full brother Archelaus and his half-brother Philip, were educated in Rome.Antipas was not Herod's first choice of heir. That honour fell to A... | 5 |
[
"Herod Antipas",
"father",
"Herod the Great"
] | Herod Antipas (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērǭdēs Antipas; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea. He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament, although he never held the title of king. He was a son of... | 15 |
[
"Herod Antipas",
"mother",
"Malthace"
] | Herod Antipas (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērǭdēs Antipas; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea. He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament, although he never held the title of king. He was a son of... | 17 |
[
"Herod Antipas",
"spouse",
"Herodias"
] | Herod Antipas (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērǭdēs Antipas; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea. He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament, although he never held the title of king. He was a son of... | 22 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"position held",
"king"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 1 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"noble title",
"king"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 2 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"father",
"King Mu of Chu"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 5 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"family name",
"Xiong"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 7 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"sex or gender",
"male"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 8 |
[
"King Zhuang of Chu",
"family name",
"Mi"
] | King Zhuang of Chu (Chinese: 楚莊王; pinyin: Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng, reigned 613-591 BC) was a monarch of the Zhou dynasty State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China. His personal name was Xiong Lü (Chinese: 熊旅; pinyin: Xióng Lǚ), his ancestral name was Mi (Chinese: 芈; pinyin: Mǐ), and his posthumous title... | 9 |
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