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16857046 | G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in many biological processes and represent a major class of drug targets. However, purification of GPCRs for biochemical study is difficult and current methods of studying receptor-ligand interactions involve in vitro systems. Caenorhabditis elegans is a soil-dwel... | Does expression of mammalian GPCRs in C. elegans generate novel behavioural responses to human ligands? | No. Our results illustrate a remarkable evolutionary plasticity in interactions between mammalian GPCRs and C. elegans signalling machinery, spanning 800 million years of evolution. This in vivo system, which imparts novel avoidance behaviour on C. elegans, thus provides a simple means of studying and screening interac... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16034362 | To assess relationships between energy, nutrient and food intakes, alcohol consumption, smoking status and body mass index (BMI), and serum concentrations of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, selenium and zinc.
Data on health status, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, anthropometric data and biochemical mea... | Are serum concentrations of beta-carotene , vitamins C and E , zinc and selenium influenced by sex , age , diet , smoking status , alcohol consumption and corpulence in a general French adult population? | No. Serum antioxidant nutrient concentrations are not influenced by sex, age, obesity, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption or dietary intake of those antioxidant nutrients. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24612386 | The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease associated with arterial or venous thrombosis and/or recurrent fetal loss and is caused by pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA). We recently demonstrated that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and CD14 contribute to monocyte activation of aPLA.
To... | Is nF-κB activated from endosomal compartments in antiphospholipid antibodies-treated human monocytes? | Yes. We show that TLR2 and its co-receptors, TLR1 and TLR6, contribute to the pathogenicity of aPLA, that aPLA are internalized via clathrin- and CD14-independent endocytosis and that endocytosis is required for NF-κB activation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the APS and provide a possible therape... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26599134 | Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have an elevated risk for schizophrenia, which increases with history of childhood anxiety. Altered hippocampal morphology is a common neuroanatomical feature of 22q11.2DS and idiopathic schizophrenia. Relating hippocampal structure in children with 22q11.2DS to an... | Do the hippocampi of children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have localized anterior alterations that predict severity of anxiety? | Yes. Shape alterations are specific to hippocampal subfields. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
15904907 | In normal plasma free cortisol accounts for less than 6% of the total with 80-90% bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) and the remainder associated albumin. However little is known about the distribution of free cortisol in plasma where CBG is inactivated or in congenital CBG deficiency.
Here we describe liga... | Does plasma free cortisol fraction reflect levels of functioning corticosteroid-binding globulin? | No. Taken together the data provide strong evidence that when CBG is inactivated or congenitally absent then less than 25% of the total cortisol appears in the free fraction with the remainder associated with albumin. The proportion of free cortisol measured in plasma thus does not reflect a simple measure of functiona... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25750510 | To evaluate the prevalence and the diagnostic utility of testing for CYP1B1 copy number variation (CNV) in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) cases unexplained by CYP1B1 point mutations in The Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma.
In total, 50 PCG cases either heterozygous for disease-causing variant... | Is cYP1B1 copy number variation a major contributor to primary congenital glaucoma? | Yes. This is the first study to report on CYP1B1 CNV in PCG cases. Our findings show that this mechanism is a major contributor to the phenotype and is of significant diagnostic utility. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19951904 | Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is a focal point of the inflammatory cascade in Crohn's disease (CD). As an emerging approach to block cytokines, antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) has developed quickly, but is thwarted by a key obstacle-safe and effective delivery to specified cells. Here a novel nano-complex, ba... | Does targeting delivery of anti-TNFalpha oligonucleotide into activated colonic macrophages protect against experimental colitis? | No. It is the first time a non-viral gene vector has been combined with an ASO targeted to activated macrophages in the treatment of CD. The inhibition of TNFalpha by this strategy does not represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of CD. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19225392 | Anesthetic preconditioning is mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling. This study was designed to elucidate the role of beta-adrenergic signaling in desflurane-induced postconditioning.
Pentobarbital-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits were subjected to 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusio... | Is desflurane-induced postconditioning mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling : role of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors , protein kinase A , and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II? | No. Desflurane-induced postconditioning is not mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling. Beta-adrenergic signaling does not play a role in cardioprotection during reperfusion. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22445519 | The characteristics of U.S. military personnel who use dietary supplements have not been well described. This study aimed to determine whether deployment experience and physical activity were associated with the use of bodybuilding, energy, or weight-loss supplement among U.S. military personnel.
Self-reported data fro... | Are bodybuilding , energy , and weight-loss supplements associated with deployment and physical activity in U.S. military personnel? | Yes. The high prevalence of supplement use and important characteristics found to be associated with their use, including deployment, physical activity, and optimal sleep, suggest focus areas for future research and adverse event monitoring. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25131343 | Uveitis is a prevalent intraocular inflammatory disease and one of the most damaging ocular conditions. Pretreatment with melatonin prevented ocular inflammation induced by an intravitreal injection of bacterial LPS in the Syrian hamster. Here, we have assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin administered af... | Does treatment with melatonin after onset of experimental uveitis attenuate ocular inflammation? | No. These results indicate that treatment with melatonin, starting after the onset of uveitis, did not attenuate ocular inflammation induced by LPS in the Syrian hamster and do not support the use of melatonin as a therapeutic resource for uveitis treatment. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
17903155 | Frequencies of 20 MHz may be appropriate to visualize basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) including their tumor thickness and margins. Histologic comparisons to sonographic images are related at all levels of the epidermis and corium.
The objective was to evaluate whether high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) proved to be an inexp... | Do the use of high-frequency ultrasound in the evaluation of superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas? | Yes. HFUS delineated tumor margins adequately, and it appeared to depict subclinical extension past 4 mm on all BCC variants. It could be warranted if clinical or histologic diagnosis is uncertain. The strong association between clinical and ultrasonic measurements initiates more successful forms of therapy, risk-strat... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21767608 | Gd-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a conventional method for non-invasive investigation of blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability in animal models. It allows the visualization of serious injury to the BBB. We developed a novel approach for detecting very small disruptions in BBB permeability induced b... | Does carbamoyl-PROXYL-enhanced MRI detect very small disruptions in brain vascular permeability induced by dietary cholesterol? | Yes. Hypercholesterolemia increases vascular permeability, which is mediated by MMP-2 and neutrophils. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27478782 | Exposure to diazinon can trigger acute and chronic toxicity and significantly induces DNA damage and proapoptotic effects in different human cells. Due to the significance of probiotic bacteria antitoxin effect, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei on diazinon (DZN) cytotoxicity in human um... | Does lactobacillus Casei decrease Organophosphorus Pesticide Diazinon Cytotoxicity in Human HUVEC Cell Line? | No. the screen of total bacterial secreted metabolites can be considered as a wealthy source to find the new active compounds to introduce as reducing agricultural remained pesticide cytotoxicity effects on the human food chain. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
18752864 | The aim of this study is to identify genomic changes that might be implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, and evaluate the associations with clinico-pathological features.
The genomic DNA of 17 hepatoma cell lines was analyzed using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 50K high-density oligonucleotide a... | Is gain of GRHL2 associated with early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma? | No. A gain of GRHL2 is not associated with HCC recurrence. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21952690 | Higher long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP) in infant compared with maternal lipids at delivery is named biomagnification. The decline of infant and maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status during lactation in Western countries suggests maternal depletion. We investigated whether biomagnification persists at ... | Is a maternal erythrocyte DHA content of approximately 6 g % the DHA status at which intrauterine DHA biomagnifications turns into bioattenuation and postnatal infant DHA equilibrium is reached? | Yes. Uniform high iRBC-AA at delivery might indicate the importance of intrauterine infant AA status. Biomagnification reflects low maternal DHA status, and bioattenuation may prevent intrauterine competition of DHA with AA. A mRBC-DHA of about 5 g% during pregnancy predicts maternal-fetal equilibrium at delivery, post... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26401408 | We tested the hypothesis that administrations of methanolic extracts of Musa sapientum sucker (MEMS) with exercises attenuated hyperglycemia in alloxan-diabetic rats.
A total of 40 adult male rats were divided into equal eight groups. Normoglycemic Group A was Control. Alloxan (180 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to rats... | Does musa sapientum with exercises attenuate hyperglycemia and pancreatic islet cells degeneration in alloxan-diabetic rats? | No. MEMS with exercises did not attenuate hyperglycemia in alloxan-diabetic rats. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22682337 | It is essential that the quality of platelet metabolism and function remains high during storage in order to ensure the clinical effectiveness of a platelet transfusion. New storage conditions and additives are constantly evaluated in order to achieve this. Using glucose as a substrate is controversial because of its p... | Does glucose ameliorate the metabolic profile and mitochondrial function of platelet concentrates during storage in autologous plasma? | No. These results indicate that the addition of glucose during platelet storage does not ameliorate the biochemical parameters related to energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Since there was no correspondence between glucose addition, lactate increase and pH decrease in our experiments, it is conceivable that ... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27638845 | The relationship between meniscal tears and other joint pathologies with patient-reported symptoms is not clear. We investigated associations between structural knee pathologies identified at surgery with preoperative knee pain and function in patients undergoing arthroscopic meniscal surgery.
This study included 443 p... | Is structural pathology related to patient-reported pain and function in patients undergoing meniscal surgery? | Yes. Specific meniscal pathology and other structural joint pathologies found at meniscal surgery were associated with preoperative self-reported pain and function in patients with meniscal tears, supporting inferences made about a direct relationship between these. Our findings support the role of arthroscopic surgery... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21425514 | Continuous sciatic nerve blockade at the popliteal level effectively alleviates postoperative pain after major foot and ankle surgery. No randomized controlled trials have previously compared the success rate of continuous sciatic nerve sensory blockade between ultrasound and nerve stimulation guidance. In the current ... | Does ultrasound guidance improve a continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block when compared with nerve stimulation? | Yes. Ultrasound guidance used for sciatic catheter placement improves the success rate of sensory block, number of needle passes, patient satisfaction during catheter placement, and morphine consumption compared with nerve stimulation guidance, but it does not significantly affect the success rate of sensory block. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24353450 | Although erythroid cells prepared from fetal liver, cord blood, or blood from β-thalassemia patients are known to express fetal hemoglobin at high levels, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We previously showed that cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP and cGMP induce fetal hemoglobin expression in primary erythroid ... | Is a common signaling pathway activated in erythroid cells expressing high levels of fetal hemoglobin : a potential role for cAMP-elevating agents in β-globin disorders? | Yes. These results suggest that activated cAMP signaling may be a common mechanism among erythroid cells with high fetal hemoglobin levels, in part because of upregulation of BCL11A. Activation of the cAMP signaling pathway with cAMP-elevating agents may prove to be an important signaling mechanism to reactivate fetal ... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
18092265 | To evaluate the association of the presence of lymphocytotoxic, anti-beta2-glycoprotein I (anti-beta2-GPI) and anti-ribosomal P (anti-P) antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), presenting or not neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations, stratified according to the activity of the disease.
A total of... | Are lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus associated with disease activity irrespective of the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations? | Yes. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies occurred more frequently in patients with inactive SLE than in patients with active disease, irrespective of the presence of NP manifestations, a finding that is similar to classical biomarkers of lupus activity (anti-dsDNA and complement). These results indicate that the assessment of t... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19934305 | We assessed the association of quantitative clinical and pathologic information, including serum and tissue pro-prostate-specific antigen (proPSA) measurements, with outcomes among men with prostate cancer in an expectant management (active surveillance) program.
We identified 71 men enrolled in expectant management wi... | Are pro-prostate-specific antigen measurements in serum and tissue associated with treatment necessity among men enrolled in expectant management for prostate cancer? | No. In a prospective cohort of men enrolled into expectant management for prostate cancer, serum and tissue levels of proPSA at diagnosis are not associated with need for subsequent treatment. The increase in serum proPSA/% fPSA might be driven by factors other than increased proPSA production from 'premalignant' cells... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
10522845 | The levels of intestinal interleukin 10 and interleukin 4, inhibitors of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, decline with total parenteral nutrition (TPN). These cytokine changes induced by lack of enteral nutrition may increase ICAM-1 expression, resulting in polymorphonuclear neutrophil accumulatio... | Does route of nutrition influence intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and neutrophil accumulation in intestine? | No. Gut changes associated with lack of enteral feeding do not induce endothelial changes and an immunologic response, which may influence subsequent responses to injury. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25833479 | It is suggested that caveolin and aquaporin might be closely associated with bladder signal activity. We investigated the effect of the deletion of caveolin 1, using caveolin 1 knockout mice, on the expression of aquaporin 1 in order to identify their relation in the urothelium of the urinary bladder.
The cellular loca... | Is loss of Caveolin 1 Associated With the Expression of Aquaporin 1 and Bladder Dysfunction in Mice? | No. The results imply that aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1 do not share a distinct relation with the bladder signal activity. This might not play a specific role in bladder dysfunction. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22804760 | Exercise (RUN) prevents declines in insulin-mediated vasodilation, an important component of insulin-mediated glucose disposal, in rats prone to obesity and insulin resistance.
Determine whether RUN (1) improves insulin-stimulated vasodilation after insulin resistance has been established, and (2) differentially affect... | Does voluntary wheel running selectively augment insulin-stimulated vasodilation in arterioles from white skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant rats? | Yes. RUN selectively improved insulin-mediated vasodilation in Gr 2As, in part through attenuated ET-1 sensitivity/production, an adaptation that was independent of changes in adiposity and may contribute to enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23720114 | The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiological features of cases that were registered for burns and treated at a hospital after the Van earthquake to compare burn cases from the previous year and to determine the factors that influenced mortality.
Patients who were admitted to the Van Region Training an... | Do analysis of burn cases observed after the 2011 Van earthquake? | Yes. It was determined that the number of burn cases registered after the earthquake, the number of flame burns, the percentage of burns and the rate of mortality were lower than the data before the earthquake. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22443680 | Daming capsule (DMC), a traditional Chinese formula, has a lipid-modulating action with reduced adverse side effects as compared with other lipid lowering compounds. Since endothelial dysfunction often accompanies the hyperlipidemic state, we hypothesize that DMC might restore endothelial dysfunction produced by a high... | Does daming capsule restore endothelial dysfunction induced by high-fat diet? | Yes. DMC fully protects the aorta from HF-induced endothelial dysfunction via upregulation of the expression of eNOS. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22309212 | IGFs play key roles in intrauterine and postnatal growth through the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). We identified a family bearing a new heterozygous missense mutation at the L2 domain of IGF-IR (R431L).
We analysed the nucleotide sequences of the IGF1R gene of the family. We prepared R(-) cells (fibroblasts with targeted d... | Does novel missense mutation in the IGF-I receptor L2 domain result in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation? | Yes. A missense mutation (R431L) leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation, attenuation of IGF signalling and increase in internalization of IGF-IR. The results of this study suggest a novel link between a mutation at the IGF-IR L2 domain and intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25060807 | Impairment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in common autoimmune diseases seems likely. However, the extent of Treg deficiency (number, function) or differential susceptibility of T effector cells (Teffs) to suppression is not completely understood. We hypothesize that even in healthy individuals both cell populations are... | Are cD49d Treg cells with high suppressive capacity remarkably less efficient on activated CD45RA- than on naive CD45RA+ Teff cells? | Yes. Although CD49d(+) Tregs are functional, the suppressive capacity is significantly higher compared to CD49d(-) Tregs. CD45RA(+) Teffs can be completely suppressed, while CD45RA(-) Teffs display relative resistance. Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of Tregs as well as Teffs has to be considered when analyzing... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25374215 | Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), considered to have tumor-promoting potential, is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, including breast cancer. Since the functions and action mechanisms of COX-2 in breast cancer have not been fully elucidated, in the present study, the effects of target inhibiting COX-2 with recombinant a... | Does targeting of COX-2 expression by recombinant adenovirus shRNA attenuate the malignant biological behavior of breast cancer cells? | No. COX-2 expression is not associated with proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of breast cancer cells, and its mechanisms of action do not involve regulating expression of c-myc through the p38MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21228385 | To determine the effect of light/dark cycles on the cones of 11-cis retinal-treated RPE65/rhodopsin double knockout (Rpe65(-/-)Rho(-/-)) mice. Studies have shown that cones degenerate in chromophore-deficient mouse models for Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA), but exogenous supplementation of the native 11-cis retinal c... | Does light prevent exogenous 11-cis retinal from maintaining cone photoreceptors in chromophore-deficient mice? | No. Thus, 11-cis retinal by itself, as well as other agents that form photosensitive pigments, will be good therapeutic candidates for preserving cones in LCA. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
15234288 | Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) occurs predominantly in young, obese women. Weight loss may alleviate symptoms of IIH yet may be difficult to achieve. Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, is involved in normal body weight and appetite regulation. Its levels are elevated in syndromes of overeating and decline in simpl... | Are plasma ghrelin levels normal in obese patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension ( pseudotumor cerebri )? | No. Plasma ghrelin levels, both fasting and postprandial, are significantly different between IIH patients and obese controls. Obese IIH patients should be encouraged to lose weight and referred for medical weight loss management to maximize their chances of alleviating their symptoms. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
18499131 | The advantages of laparoscopic surgery have been well documented. However, the impact of pneumoperitoneum on sepsis sequelae is still equivocal. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum, applied under different pressures and exposure times, on sepsis cascade and mortality.
In 42 New Zealand rab... | Does cO ( 2 ) pneumoperitoneum prolong survival in an animal model of peritonitis compared to laparotomy? | No. In the presence of peritonitis, CO(2) pneumoperitoneum applied in clinically standard pressures, even for extended time intervals, does not reduce the severity of sepsis and does not prolong survival. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22246633 | Significant joint pain is usually widespread beyond the affected joint, which results from the sensitization of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system (central sensitization). This study was undertaken to explore whether the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the joint induces central sensitiza... | Is spinal interleukin-6 an amplifier of arthritic pain in the rat? | No. Our findings indicate that the generation of joint pain in the rat involves only IL-6 in the joint and not IL-6 released from the spinal cord. Spinal IL-6 does not contribute to central sensitization and thus does not promote the widespread hyperalgesia observed in the course of joint disease. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24910406 | Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, commonly known as skullcaps, and it has been widely used as traditional therapeutic herb in several eastern Asia including Korea, China and Japan because of its remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Our study focuses on the anti-metastatic effects of Scutellaria baicalens... | Does korean Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi methanol extracts inhibit metastasis via the Forkhead Box M1 activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells? | No. The results of the present study suggest that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi does not have a significant effect on metastasis in HCC. Its clinical use does not guarantee further study and individual flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi should not be investigated. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26104577 | The prognostic importance of extramedullary involvement in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) at diagnosis and treatment options for these patients has not been well evaluated. In this study, we investigated the clinical manifestations, biological features, and effect of first-line therapy on the outcome ... | Does waldenström macroglobulinemia with extramedullary involvement at initial diagnosis portend a poorer prognosis? | Yes. We show that extramedullary involvement at diagnosis is an adverse prognostic factor in WM patients and that first-line therapy with rituximab improved PFS for patients with EMWM. The study provides unique clinical and treatment observations in subtypes of WM patients. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
12909073 | Previous studies have suggested that regression of hypertrophy may be the underlying determinant of longevity and left ventricular function after valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS). The potential for hypertrophy regression could therefore be related to the preoperative risk profile.
Ninety-one consecutive... | Is regression of left ventricular hypertrophy during 10 years after valve replacement for aortic stenosis related to the preoperative risk profile? | No. Left ventricular hypertrophy regression for patients who survived up to 10 years after AVR for AS is not dependent on the preoperative risk profile, indicating that irreversible myocardial disease is not the underlying factor. Systemic hypertension is not an important factor in its own right. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
20841450 | Smaller size at birth has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult life. Fetal programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has been suggested as a possible explanation. Fetal glucocorticoid (GC) overexposure has effects that suggest a role of GCs in this progr... | Are glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotypes associated with birth anthropometry , blood pressure , glucose and insulin concentrations , and body composition in subjects born small for gestational age? | Yes. GR haplotypes and their effect on GC sensitivity play a significant role in GH-induced catch-up growth and the risk factors of developing metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult life of SGA children. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
17314207 | The worldwide increase in end-stage renal disease has been alleged to be associated with insulin resistance-related conditions. Insulin resistance and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinaemia may accelerate age-related decline in renal function through inducing glomerular hyperfiltration, even in non-diabetic sub... | Does fasting insulin modify the relation between age and renal function? | No. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that insulin does not accelerate the age-related decline of renal function in the general non-diabetic population. This indicates that insulin resistance, and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinaemia do not contribute to the increased incidence in end-stage renal... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
15530425 | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors significantly improve survival in patients with atherosclerosis. Although ACE inhibitors reduce local angiotensin II (AngII) formation, serine proteases form AngII to an enormous amount independently from ACE. Therefore, our study concentrates on the effect of the ACE-inhi... | Does aCE inhibition lower angiotensin II-induced chemokine expression by reduction of NF-kappaB activity and AT1 receptor expression? | Yes. In our study we demonstrated for the first time that ramiprilat reduced expression of AT2R in monocytes and endothelial cells. In addition, ramiprilat downregulated NF-kappaB activity and thereby reduced the AngII-induced release of IL-8 and MCP-1 in monocytes. This antiinflammatory effect, at least in part, may c... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
12649567 | The SPINK1 mutation N34S is associated to chronic pancreatitis of idiopathic, alcoholic and tropic origin. Our aim was to evaluate its prevalence in patients with sporadic pancreatic cancer.
The N34S allele of SPINK1 was analyzed by melting curve analysis using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes and t... | Is n34S , a pancreatitis associated SPINK1 mutation , associated with sporadic pancreatic cancer? | Yes. The N34S mutation of SPINK1 appears to be a distinct genetic risk factor in patients with sporadic pancreatic cancer. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21700926 | Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) has come into focus as a potential therapeutic target in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, as well as in B-cell lymphomas. SYK has also been involved in the signaling of immunoreceptors, cytokine receptors, and integrins. We therefore hypothesized that ... | Does the oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor fostamatinib attenuate inflammation and atherogenesis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice? | No. We present the novel finding that the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib does not attenuate atherogenesis in mice. Our data identify SYK inhibition as an ineffective antiinflammatory therapeutic strategy in atherosclerosis. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
10568186 | In a previous study we have demonstrated significant reduction of intimal hyperplasia after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of p53 protein to the injured rat carotid artery. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether apoptosis is one of the mechanisms responsible for this reduction. Apoptosis, a physiologic c... | Does p53 gene transfer to the injured rat carotid artery promote apoptosis? | Yes. At 24 hours after balloon injury alone, no apoptosis was observed in the vessel wall. However, when p53 gene was transferred, apoptosis was visualized in all specimens with greater intensity at 24 hours after injury. Promotion of apoptosis may play a key role in the mechanism by which p53 gene decreases intimal hy... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21091156 | According to the DSM-IV-TR, the concept of taijin-kyofusho (fear of interpersonal relations) is both unique to East Asia and a culture-bound syndrome. In the indigenous diagnostic classification system in Japan, taijin-kyofusho consists of four subtypes, i.e. sekimen-kyofu (phobia of blushing), shubo-kyofu (phobia of a... | Is jiko-shisen-kyofu ( fear of one 's own glance ) , but not taijin-kyofusho ( fear of interpersonal relations ) , an east Asian culture-related specific syndrome? | No. Cases with a clear picture of phobia of one's own glance have been reported in the West to date. The controversial issue of the classification of phobia of one's own glance as an east Asian culture-related specific syndrome was addressed. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
20615130 | Benign-appearing cervical lymph nodes (CLN) are easy to assess during an ultrasonography (US) evaluation for a guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a suspicious thyroid nodule, but their clinical significance regarding thyroid cancer risk is not known. Non-malignant-appearing nodes may be an indicator of early malig... | Are enlarged benign-appearing cervical lymph nodes by ultrasonography associated with increased likelihood of cancer somewhere within the thyroid in patients undergoing thyroid nodule evaluation? | Yes. Discovering the presence of ECLN in routine assessment of thyroid nodules is an easy and fast surveillance technique that increases the predictive value in diagnosing thyroid cancer, especially when the enlarged lymph nodes are on the opposite side of the thyroid nodule. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24868312 | Patients with abdominal pain often return multiple times despite no definitive diagnosis. Our objective was to determine if repeat emergency department (ED) use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain might be associated with a diagnosis of moderate to severe depressive disorder.
We screened 987 ED patients for... | Is depression associated with repeat emergency department visits in patients with non-specific abdominal pain? | Yes. Repeat ED use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain is associated with mild to severe depressive disorder. Patients with multiple visits for abdominal pain may benefit from targeted ED screening for depression. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(3):325-328.]. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16600982 | Patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a dismal prognosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether patient-reported baseline quality of life (QoL) measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument is predictive of survival for these patients.
Two hundred and thirty-three patients with unresec... | Is quality of life predictive of survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma? | No. In the studied HCC population, patient-reported baseline QoL does not provide additional prognostic information and is not a prognostic marker for survival for patients with unresectable HCC. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
17949392 | Previous studies demonstrated, and replicated, an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the GABRA2 gene and risk for alcohol dependence. The present study examines the association of a GABRA2 SNP with another definition of alcohol involvement and with the effects of psychosocial treatment.
E... | Does variation in GABRA2 predict drinking behavior in project MATCH subjects? | No. The assessment of genetic vulnerability is not relevant to studies of the efficacy of psychosocial treatment: GABRA2 genotype does not modify the variance in drinking and therefore cannot moderate power for resolving differences between treatments. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24818643 | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have limited clinical therapeutic effects in older myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Thus, whether younger MSCs might confer greater protection is worth investigating.
Human MSCs (hMSCs) were isolated before coronary artery bypass graft surgery and growth characteristics of hMSCs at pas... | Does advanced age impair cardioprotective function of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation from patients to myocardially infarcted rats? | Yes. Transplantation of hMSCs improves heart function, but proliferative ability and myocardial protection increase with older MSCs, likely due to differences between VEGF and Bcl-2 expression and enhanced anti-apoptosis. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27445197 | To characterize the population of patients excluded from a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) when follicle number criteria are increased to 25 per ovary as suggested by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society's recent task force.
Cross-sectional study.
Tertiary academic center.
A total of ... | Does raising threshold for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome exclude population of patients with metabolic risk? | No. The women excluded from the PCOS diagnosis by raising the threshold of follicle number per ovary to ≥25 do not show evidence of metabolic risk. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26406402 | Approximately 80% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have metastatic disease with poor prognosis, but clinically available markers have not yet been identified.
In this study, we investigated the expression of B2M and ALK7 in 106 PDACs compared to precursor lesions of the pancreas.
Immunohistochem... | Are overexpression of B2M and loss of ALK7 expression associated with invasion , metastasis , and poor-prognosis of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma? | No. B2M and ALK7 are not important biological markers involved in the carcinogenesis, metastasis, invasion, and prognosis of PDAC. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16997385 | Although first line therapy of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is adeno-tonsillectomy, the indications for this operation have not yet been clearly established. We investigated whether pulse-oximetry is useful for determining the optional treatment modality for pediatric SDB.
Two hundred and thirty-two chi... | Is pulse-oximetery useful in determining the indications for adeno-tonsillectomy in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing? | No. Pulse-oximetry is not useful in determining the indications for adeno-tonsillectomy. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26895708 | DAT-SPECT, is a well-established procedure for distinguishing drug-induced parkinsonism from Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the usefulness of blink reflex recovery cycle (BRrc) and of electromyographic parameters of resting tremor for the differentiation of patients with drug-induced parkinsonism with restin... | Does tremor pattern differentiate drug-induced resting tremor from Parkinson disease? | No. The pattern of resting tremor cannot be considered a useful investigation for differentiating rDIP from PD. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
20117066 | CYP2C9 enzymes are important in the metabolism of procarcinogenic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in tobacco smoke. Two functional variants in the CYP2C9 gene (CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3) are known to be associated with decreased enzyme activity towards tolbutamide and warfarin, while this ha... | Does cYP2C9 genotype affect risk of tobacco-related cancer in the general population? | Yes. Genetic variations in CYP2C9 affect risk of tobacco-related cancers. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21911582 | To investigate the effect of aldose reductase (AR) deficiency in protecting the chronic experimental autoimmune (EAU) and acute endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in c57BL/6 mice.
The WT and AR-null (ARKO) mice were immunized with human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding peptide (hIRPB-1-20), to induce EAU, or were injec... | Does aldose reductase deficiency protect from autoimmune- and endotoxin-induced uveitis in mice? | No. These findings suggest that AR-deficiency/inhibition does not protect against acute as well as chronic forms of ocular inflammatory complications such as uveitis. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24590006 | There is an emerging consensus that increased posterior-inferior directed slope of the subchondral bone portion of the tibial plateau is associated with increased risk of suffering an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; however, most of what is known about this relationship has come from unmatched case-control stu... | Is increased slope of the lateral tibial plateau subchondral bone associated with greater risk of noncontact ACL injury in females but not in males : a prospective cohort study with a nested , matched case-control analysis? | Yes. There is a 21.7% increased risk of noncontact ACL injury with each degree increase of the medial tibial plateau slope among females but not among males. The lateral tibial plateau slope, coronal tibial slope, and depth of the medial tibial plateau were not associated with risk of injury for females or males. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26260798 | After myocardial infarction (MI), extensive remodelling of the extracellular matrix contributes to scar formation. While aiming to preserve tissue integrity, this fibrotic response is also associated with adverse events, including a markedly increased risk of heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac d... | Are matrix cross-linking lysyl oxidases induced in response to myocardial infarction and promote cardiac dysfunction? | No. LOX family members do not contribute significantly to the detrimental effects of cardiac remodelling, and LOX inhibition is not considered a potential therapeutic strategy for post-infarction recovery. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
20972246 | Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD), a frequent cause of obstructive azoospermia, is generated by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Despite extensive testing for point mutations and large rearrangements, a small proportion of alleles still remains uni... | Are variants in CFTR untranslated regions associated with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens? | No. As the vas deferens seems to be one of the tissues least susceptible to a reduction in the normal CFTR transcripts levels, and as two mild mutations are not sufficient to induce CBAVD phenotype, these findings raise the possibility that these uncommon variants may not be a novel cause of CBAVD. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23070602 | Diphencyprone (DPCP) is a therapeutic agent for treating alopecia areata. To improve skin absorption and follicular targeting nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed.
Nanoparticles were characterized by size, zeta potential, molecular environment, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magneti... | Do squalene-containing nanostructured lipid carriers promote percutaneous absorption and hair follicle targeting of diphencyprone for treating alopecia areata? | No. This work does not support further investigation of DPCP absorption using NLCs with a specific formulation design. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
20026781 | Patients after the Fontan procedure are at risk for suboptimal functional health status, and associations with laboratory measures are important for planning interventions and outcome measures for clinical trials.
Parents completed the generic Child Health Questionnaire for 511 Fontan Cross-Sectional Study patients 6 t... | Are laboratory measures of exercise capacity and ventricular characteristics and function weakly associated with functional health status after Fontan procedure? | Yes. In relatively healthy Fontan patients, laboratory measures account for a large proportion of the variation in functional health status and therefore may be optimal surrogate end points for trials of therapeutic interventions. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27851983 | Osteopontin (OPN) is an important proinflammatory cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Levels of OPN have been shown to be significantly correlated with interleukin-17 (IL-17) production and expression of Th17 cells in the synovial fluid of RA patients. Here, we investigated the role of OPN in monocyte migration, IL-... | Does osteopontin inhibition of miR-129-3p enhance IL-17 expression and monocyte migration in rheumatoid arthritis? | Yes. To our knowledge, our study is the first to describe how OPN promotes monocyte migration by downregulating IL-17 expression in osteoblasts in RA disease. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22436404 | Prions, composed of a misfolded protein designated PrP(Sc), are infectious agents causing fatal neurodegenerative diseases. We have shown previously that, following induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, prion-infected mice succumb to disease significantly earlier than controls, concomitant with the de... | Does targeting of prion-infected lymphoid cells to the central nervous system accelerate prion infection? | No. Our results indicate that inflammatory targeting of viable prion-infected immune cells to the central nervous system does not accelerate prion disease propagation. We also show that in the absence of such targeting it is the load of PrP(Sc) in the inoculum that determines the infectivity titers for subsequent trans... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21359180 | In fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe G1/S cell-cycle regulated transcription depends upon MBF. A negative feedback loop involving Nrm1p and Yox1p bound to MBF leads to transcriptional repression as cells exit G1 phase. However, activation of the DNA replication checkpoint response during S phase results in persis... | Does phosphorylation of the MBF repressor Yox1p by the DNA replication checkpoint keep the G1/S cell-cycle transcriptional program active? | Yes. This study shows that checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of Yox1p at Ser114, Thr115 results in repression of the MBF transcriptional program. The remodeling of the cell cycle transcriptional program by the DNA replication checkpoint is likely to comprise an important mechanism for the avoidance of genomic instab... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24343768 | Children and adolescents with femoral fractures are almost always admitted to hospital. They invariably start their hospital experience in the Emergency Department, often requiring transfer to a specialist children's hospital. They require analgesia or anaesthesia so that radiographs can be obtained and for management ... | Does nerve block for initial pain management of femoral fractures in children? | Yes. Low quality evidence from one small trial suggests that FICB provides better and longer lasting pain relief with fewer adverse events than intravenous opioids for femur fractures in children. Well conducted and reported randomised trials that compare nerve blocks (both FNB and FICB) with systemic analgesia and tha... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19157732 | To use the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) to assess the impact of menopausal symptoms on health-related quality of life in a large US population-based study.
Participants were recruited from the US population through random-digit-dialing and probability sampling. Analyses included 2703 postme... | Does menopause-specific questionnaire assessment in US population-based study show negative impact on health-related quality of life? | No. Symptoms experienced during menopause and socio-demographic characteristics do not significantly affect the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Hot flashes have minimal impact on the daily activities of most postmenopausal women, even those with more frequent/severe symptoms. Treatments for these symptoms are ... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22015557 | Upregulation of PIM kinase expression has been reported in many malignancies, suggesting that inhibition of PIM kinase activity may be an attractive therapeutic strategy. We hypothesised that inhibition of PIM kinase activity with SGI-1776, a novel small molecule inhibitor of PIM kinase activity, would reduce the viabi... | Does targeting PIM kinase enhance the activity of sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma? | No. These data indicate that targeting PIM kinase signalling is not a promising treatment strategy for RCC. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16021491 | Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is involved in normal fecundity and systemic IL-10 changes during gestation might reflect an immunologic shift at the maternal-fetal interface.
Serum IL-10 levels were measured in the first and second trimester of uncomplicated pregnancy in 32 women. The low interassay coefficient of variation of... | Do systemic interleukin-10 concentrations alter between the first and second trimester in normal pregnancy? | Yes. IL-10 is systemically activated to a detectable degree between the first and second trimester of normal pregnancy. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19550362 | In Parkinson's disease, striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding and cardiac sympathetic function are disturbed. In addition, heart rate (HR)-corrected cardiac repolarisation time (QTc interval), which is partly under autonomic control, is prolonged. Whether there is physiological coupling between striatal DAT bindi... | Are cardiac repolarization and striatal dopamine transporter function interrelated? | No. This study suggests no significant physiological QTc-DAT relation in young healthy adults. QTc interval measurements might not carry diagnostically important information in clinical conditions, which have an effect on both striatal DAT binding and cardiac sympathetic function. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24859912 | Diabetic osteopathy is an upcoming complication of diabetes characterized by osteoporosis, increased risk for bone fractures and alterations in bone metabolism. Osteocalcin (OC) is a bone-specific protein produced by osteoblasts involved in the regulation of glucose and energy metabolism. The aim of this study is to de... | Are osteocalcin levels inversely associated with Hba1c and BMI in adult subjects with long-standing type 1 diabetes? | No. These data show that in T1DM of long duration, OC serum levels are not associated with HbA1c and BMI, contradicting the hypothesis that a poor glycemic control can affect osteoblast function. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
14614713 | Androgens are proposed to influence testicular descent through modulating sympathetic tone. An experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of prenatal chemical sympathectomy on testicular location associated with the alterations in contractile properties of cremaster muscles in rats.
Time-mated pregnancie... | Does chemical sympathectomy by 6-OH dopamine during fetal life result in inguinal testis through altering cremasteric contractility in rats? | Yes. Administration of 6-hydroxydopamine resulted in suprascrotally located testes. This localization has been associated with increased exposure at sympathetic tonus. These findings support that sympathetic activity plays an important role in localization of testis. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
18470928 | The IL-23 pathway plays a pivotal role in the development of chronic mucosal inflammation seen in the inflammatory bowel diseases. Multiple studies have now established the contribution of the interleukin 23 receptor gene (IL23R) to Crohn's disease (CD) risk in general and of the IL23R R381Q variant in particular. The ... | Do iL23R haplotypes provide a large population attributable risk for Crohn 's disease? | No. These observations suggest that IL23R does not make a substantial contribution to CD susceptibility, and the population frequency of the R381Q variant is a more significant factor. These observations also support the expectation that finding 'hits' from genomewide association studies will be but an important chapte... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
17390095 | Unannounced pill counts conducted in patients' homes is a valid objective method for monitoring medication adherence that is unfortunately costly and often impractical. Conducting unannounced pill counts by telephone may be a viable alternative for objectively assessing medication adherence.
To test an unannounced pill... | Does adherence to antiretroviral therapy assessed by unannounced pill count conducted by telephone? | No. Unannounced phone-based pill counts are not a feasible method for monitoring medication adherence. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23698732 | Afamin was recently identified as a novel osteoclast-derived coupling factor that can stimulate the in vitro and in vivo migration of preosteoblasts.
In order to understand in more detail the biological roles of afamin in bone metabolism, we investigated its effects on osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption.
... | Does afamin stimulate osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via Gi-coupled receptor and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ( CaMK ) pathways? | Yes. Afamin enhances osteoclastogenesis by increasing intracellular cAMP levels via Gi-coupled receptor and CaMK pathways. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27467818 | Subjects with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may be more susceptible to infections due to impaired leukocyte bactericidal activity. The disorder is common in the Mediterranean area. The aim of this study was to investigate whether G6PD deficiency may be a risk factor for acquiring H. pylori infecti... | Does g6PD Deficiency Enhance Susceptibility for Acquiring Helicobacter pylori Infection in Sardinian Patients? | Yes. These results demonstrate for the first time that G6PD deficiency enhances patients' susceptibility to acquire H. pylori infection in Sardinia. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24150534 | We studied the feasibility of the precise size measurement of extraocular muscles using fast magnetic resonance imaging sequences and gaze fixation targets.
We recruited 20 healthy volunteers and optimized fat-suppressed fast T1-weighted gradient-recalled echo (FS T1-GRE) and single-shot fast spin-echo (SSFSE) imaging ... | Do precise size evaluation of extraocular muscles using fat-suppressed fast T1-weighted gradient-recalled echo imaging and multiple gaze fixation targets? | Yes. FS T1-GRE imaging with the subject staring at a single target is useful for evaluating precisely the size of extraocular muscles. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25041469 | Cholestasis can cause translocation of gut bacteria, and endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation. Now, little is known about the effects of cholestasis on the testicular inflammation and autophagy.
A rat biliary cholestasis model caused by common bile duct ligation (CBDL), together with biliary decompression (choledocho... | Does secondary biliary cholestasis promote testicular macrophage infiltration and autophagy in rats? | No. Secondary biliary cholestasis does not promote inflammatory reaction and the activation of mitophagy and autophagy in testes. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25650631 | Bone cancer pain affects the quality of life of cancer patients. This study was aimed at investigating the analgesic effects of combined therapies with an antagonist of proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) 2 and morphine on pain-related behaviors in a rat model of bone cancer pain.
Female Wistar rats were inoculated int... | Does protease-activated receptor 2 antagonist potentiate analgesic effects of systemic morphine in a rat model of bone cancer pain? | No. Our data indicate that the combination of morphine and FSLLRY-NH2 does not have potent analgesic effects on bone cancer pain and our findings may aid in design of new strategies for the treatment of bone cancer pain. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26243741 | Some frontal plane and transverse plane variables have been associated with running injury, but it is not known if they differ with foot strike style or as stride length is shortened.
To identify if step width, iliotibial band strain and strain rate, positive and negative free moment, pelvic drop, hip adduction, knee i... | Are select injury-related variables affected by stride length and foot strike style during running? | Yes. The small decreases in most variables as stride length shortened were likely associated with the concomitant wider step width. RFS had slightly greater pelvic drop, while FFS had slightly narrower step width and greater positive free moment. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23536185 | The mechanisms underlying rapamycin-induced Akt phosphorylation have not been fully elucidated.
Inhibition of PP2A or DNA-PK attenuates or abrogates rapamycin-induced Akt phosphorylation and co-inhibition of mTOR and DNA-PK enhances anticancer activity. | Are protein phosphatase 2A and DNA-dependent protein kinase involved in mediating rapamycin-induced Akt phosphorylation? | No. PP2A-dependent and DNA-PK-mediated mechanism is not involved in rapamycin-induced Akt phosphorylation. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
11575536 | Because magnesium blocks the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and its associated ion channels, it can prevent central sensitization caused by peripheral nociceptive stimulation. However, transport of magnesium from blood to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across the blood-brain barrier is limited in normal humans. The current s... | Does magnesium sulfate reduce postoperative analgesic requirements? | Yes. Perioperative intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate increased CSF magnesium concentration and reduced postoperative pain. These results suggest that perioperative intravenous magnesium infusion may be useful for preventing postoperative pain. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
17940602 | Severe human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) bronchiolitis in previously well infants may be due to differences in the innate immune response to hRSV infection.
to determine if factors mediating proposed mechanisms for severe bronchiolitis differ with severity of disease.
197 infants admitted to hospital with hRSV b... | Is severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants associated with reduced airway interferon gamma and substance P? | Yes. Our data support two proposed mechanisms for severe hRSV disease; increased local IFN-gamma response and SP mediated inflammation. We found large amounts of hRSV and IL-9 in airways secretions from the upper and lower respiratory tract but could not associate these with disease severity. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
24884452 | Risk factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been widely researched, but most of them cannot be addressed clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate whether COPD knowledge level is a risk factor of anxiety and/or depression in COPD patients... | Is disease knowledge level a noteworthy risk factor of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a cross-sectional study? | No. The level of patients' disease knowledge is not a significant risk factor of anxiety and depression in COPD patients. Epidemiology and infections are not key topics of COPD knowledge to target in the Chinese population. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23679104 | Cavernous nerve sparing (NS) is critical for recovery of erectile function (EF) as well as erectile tissue preservation following radical prostatectomy (RP). Clinical experience suggests that surgeons may opt for non-NS RP in patients with impaired baseline EF.
This study was performed to define if baseline EF is an in... | Is preoperative erectile function an independent predictor for decision to spare cavernous nerves during radical prostatectomy? | No. While unfavorable clinical and prostate biopsy characteristics predict less NS, we have shown that poorer baseline EF does not independently predict for nerve resection RP. For every point increase in EF score (that is, worsening EF) the odds of not receiving NS during surgery do not increase significantly. Althoug... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26013149 | Synovial quantification of C-reactive protein (SCRP) has been recently published with high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. However, to our knowledge, no studies have compared the use of this test with intraoperative frozen section, which is considered by many to be the be... | Is intraoperative synovial C-reactive protein as useful as frozen section to detect periprosthetic hip infection? | Yes. We found that quantitative SCRP had similar diagnostic value as intraoperative frozen section with comparable sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value in a group of patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty. In our institution, SCRP is easier to obtain, less expensive, and less dependent on the tec... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
21980456 | Berberine, a botanical alkaloid purified from Coptidis rhizoma, is reported to activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Whether AMPK is required for the protective effects of berberine in cardiovascular diseases remains unknown. This study was designed to determine whether AMPK is required for berberine-induce... | Is activation of AMP-activated protein kinase required for berberine-induced reduction of atherosclerosis in mice : the role of uncoupling protein 2? | No. We conclude that berberine reduces oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, and suppresses atherogenesis via a mechanism that does not include stimulation of AMPK-dependent UCP2 expression. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23548791 | GH release after stimuli classifies short children as severe idiopathic isolated GH deficiency (IIGHD), mild IIGHD, dissociated GH release (DGHR) and normal GH release (NGHR) and anthropometric birth data as adequate for gestational age (AGA) or small for gestational age (SGA). GH release after stimuli classifies AGA p... | Is height gain at adult-height age in 184 short patients treated with growth hormone from prepubertal age to near adult-height age related to GH secretory status at GH therapy onset? | Yes. GH-release stimuli are crucial for deciding on GH therapy in the clinical management of prepubertal children with IIGHD, ISS or SGA. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
9500757 | Protein kinase A (PKA) activation is documented to be inhibitory for T helper cell (T[H1])-like cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma), whereas T(H2)-like cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) are not affected or upregulated. We have recently shown that IL-4 gene expression can be inhibited by PKA activation but depends on the mode of T-cell ac... | Does prostaglandin E2 differentially modulate IL-5 gene expression in activated human T lymphocytes depending on the costimulatory signal? | Yes. PKA activation uniformly modulates IL-5 gene expression regardless of the mode of T-cell activation. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
8836023 | Guidelines for the histopathologic diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have been drawn from changes seen in cervical specimens not necessarily applicable to penile epithelium.
To evaluate histopathologic examination as a means of diagnosing HPV infection of the male genital tract.
Ninety-two consecutive m... | Is histopathologic examination of penile epithelial lesions of limited diagnostic value in human papillomavirus infection? | No. Histopathologic signs of HPV infection other than neoplasia are of significant value. Detection of the infectious agent, in this case HPV, is not necessary for the diagnosis as it is for other infectious diseases. The strong association between neoplasia and potentially oncogenic HPV types makes this issue less imp... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16797386 | Obesity is an established risk factor for chronic kidney disease and aggregates in families. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between obesity and family history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Data were collected from 25,883 incident patients with ESRD in US ESRD Network 6 (Georgia, North C... | Is obesity associated with family history of ESRD in incident dialysis patients? | No. Obesity at dialysis therapy initiation was not associated with reported family history of ESRD. This finding suggests that behavioral factors, adiposity-related genes, and gene-by-BMI interaction do not contribute to familial risk for ESRD. This finding also suggests that management of obesity may not be more impor... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26398709 | Antibiotic-associated disruption of the gut microbiota is a known risk factor for Crohn's disease. This chronic inflammatory disorder results from aberrant host immune responses to subsets of the gut microbiota, and is characterized by intense neutrophil recruitment to the lamina propria, surface and crypt epithelium. ... | Does adherent-invasive Escherichia coli exacerbate Antibiotic-associated Intestinal Dysbiosis and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Activation? | No. Together, these data provide new insights into the detrimental effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota, with clinically relevant implications for intestinal dysbiosis on neutrophil function and intestinal redox balance. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
23762292 | Treatment of breast cancer patients with antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitor(s) or Herceptin have shown significant success in steroid receptor positive or Her-2+ breast cancers respectively. However, choice of treatments for breast cancer patients with negative status for estrogen, progesterone receptors and HER2/ne... | Does deguelin action involve c-Met and EGFR signaling pathways in triple negative breast cancer cells? | No. These results suggest that Deguelin may not have a significant therapeutic value for the treatment of TNBC patients. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27099440 | To investigate the effect of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) on proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of the colorectal cancer cell line SW480.
In this study, the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 was stably transfected with ILK plasmids, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown expression of nuclear fact... | Does integrin-linked kinase overexpression promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition via nuclear factor-κB signaling in colorectal cancer cells? | No. ILK overexpression did not improve the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion ability of SW480 cells, and this effect may not be mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16831408 | Extracellular retention of PDGF-B has been proposed to play an important role in PDGF-B signalling. We used the PDGF-B retention motif knockout mouse (RetKO) to study the effects of retention motif deletion on development of micro- and macrovascular structure and function.
Passive and active properties of conduit vesse... | Is platelet-derived growth factor B retention essential for development of normal structure and function of conduit vessels and capillaries? | Yes. We conclude that retention of PDGF-B during development is essential for a normal conduit vessel function in the adult mouse. Furthermore, PDGF-B retention is also necessary for the development of an adequate capillary density, and thereby for a normal oxygen delivery to cardiac muscle. The lack of primary effects... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
22625872 | The enteric nervous system is a complex network that includes, in the digestive mucosa, neuronal bodies and fibers interacting with the immune system and mucosal mast cells (MC). These interactions involve the secretion of messengers, such as the neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF), which influence colonic motility ... | Is nerve growth factor content increased in the rectal mucosa of children with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome? | No. Regardless of inflammation, NGF content is not increased in rectal mucosa of diarrhea-predominant IBS children. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
19250292 | Initiation and maintenance of pro-inflammatory reactions elicited by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and/or cytokines in the macrophage lineage have been reported to play a crucial role in acute and chronic pathogenic effects. Whether pro-inflammatory responses triggered by lipopolysaccharide in growth arrested cells diff... | Does inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases by olomoucine and roscovitine reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses via down-regulation of nuclear factor kappaB? | Yes. The findings of this study suggest that inhibition of cell-cycle progression is capable of reducing pro-inflammatory responses via up-regulation of NF-kappaB. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
16857795 | To establish monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against megakaryocyte potentiation factor (MPF) and detect MPF in the blood of patients with mesothelioma.
Mice were immunized with a purified recombinant human MPF-rabbit-Fc fusion protein and with MPF. Several hybridomas producing mAbs to MPF were established. A double-determi... | Is megakaryocyte potentiation factor cleaved from mesothelin precursor a useful tumor marker in the serum of patients with mesothelioma? | Yes. Using new mAbs to MPF, we showed that MPF is secreted by several mesothelioma cell lines and is frequently elevated in the blood of patients with mesothelioma. Measurement of MPF may be useful in diagnosing mesothelioma. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
27820933 | Secretoglobin (SCGB) 3A2, a novel, lung-enriched, cytokine-like, secreted protein of small molecular weight, was demonstrated to exhibit various biological functions including anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic and growth-factor activities. Anti-inflammatory activity was uncovered using the ovalbumin-induced allergic airw... | Does secretoglobin Superfamily Protein SCGB3A2 alleviate House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation in Mice? | No. These results demonstrate that SCGB3A2 does not have an anti-inflammatory activity in the HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation model, in which SCGB3A2 may modulate the CCR4-CCL17 pathway. SCGB3A2 may not provide a useful tool to treat allergic airway inflammation, and further studies on the levels and function ... | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
18088079 | Proinsulin C-peptide shows ameliorative effects on diabetic complications, possibly through the production of nitric oxide (NO). On the contrary, increased local availability of NO and expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the renal endothelium are shown to be involved in the progression of diabetic nephropat... | Does proinsulin C-peptide abrogate type-1 diabetes-induced increase of renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rats? | No. The results indicate that C-peptide does not suppress diabetes-induced abnormal renal eNOS expression, and thus may not exert beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
25343666 | This study investigated the association between statin use and herpes zoster (HZ) occurrence in a population-based case-control study.
Study subjects were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. This study included 47,359 cases with HZ and 142,077 controls. We performed conditional logist... | Is herpes zoster associated with prior statin use : a population-based case-control study? | No. We concluded that prior statin use was not associated with HZ occurrence. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
26346825 | Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting... | Is in multiple situational light settings , visual observation for skin colour assessment comparable with colorimeter measurement? | No. It is not possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. | FAIL | pubmedQA | 0 |
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