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Death of Kendrick Johnson | death initial investigation january body kendrick johnson discovered gymnasium lowndes high school valdosta georgia found headfirst center vertical rolledup wrestling mat.body discovered fellow students climbed top cluster mats stood nearly six feet tall three feet wide.autopsy georgia bureau investigation gbi stated johnson died positional asphyxia case ruled accidental death lowndes county investigators.authorities hypothesized johnson fallen mat looking shoe died unable get out.three students lowndes high school told investigators common students store shoes behind rolled mats johnson wearing shoes found.student school said shared pair adidas shoes johnson gym class johnson would always go mats jump toss shoes inside middle hole.lt. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | stryde jones headed investigation lowndes county sheriffs office stated never credible information indicated anything accident.johnsons family questioned hypothesis.unsatisfied result investigation hired independent autopsy conducted william r. anderson forensic dimensions heathrow florida june .anderson claimed findings indicated traces blunt force trauma right neck soft tissues suggested death accidental.subsequent events legal actions opinion private pathologist released johnsons family stated believed johnson murdered. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | family retained services attorney benjamin crump.october u.s. attorney michael j. moore announced office would open formal review johnsons death.crumps application practice law georgia representing johnsons parents ruled withdrew representing family longer participating case.johnsons family filed legal action open coroners inquest death.judge case delayed decision pending outcome u.s. attorneys review family demanded governor georgia immediately authorize inquiry instead.family together naacp civil rights activists held rally georgia state capitol atlanta. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | governors office released statement indicating would await report u.s. attorney.body independent autopsy found time johnsons body recovered mat passed funeral home stuffed newspapers.funeral home processed body following fbis autopsy stated never received johnsons internal organs coroner organs said destroyed natural process discarded prosector body sent back valdosta according funeral home owner.left void funeral home filled.funeral home owner stated standard practice fill void fashion cotton sawdust may also employed purpose. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | johnsons family filed complaint regulatory body funeral home operator.a subsequent investigation georgia secretary states office found funeral home follow best practice material acceptable newspaper.nonetheless investigation cleared funeral home wrongdoing.spokesperson secretary state said investigation found funeral home didnt violate rules.johnson family subsequently filed civil lawsuit funeral home seeking monetary damages.johnsons family requested body exhumed second time granted permission valdosta city officials.june johnsons body exhumed. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | surveillance tape november hours surveillance tape cameras covered gym area released cnn following court request.forensic analyst enlisted cnn found tapes two cameras missing hour five minutes footage another set missing two hours ten minutes footage.apparent lapses coverage found result camera systems synchronized one another.time stamps separate camera systems differed much twenty minutes time period giving impression gap portions footage gap existed.missing footage result cameras motionactivated function triggered. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | camera systems motionactivated using change light pixels turn recordings off.area johnsons body discovered gym mats stored outside range surveillance cameras.attorneys johnson family expressed fears camera footage edited part coverup.however analysis camera systems valdosta daily times purported explain anomalies casting doubt theory coverup.president valdostalowndes county chapter southern christian leadership conference former lead investigator chapter stated believe attorneys johnsons entirely truthful statements coverup case.legal actions johnsons family filed wrongful death lawsuit lowndes county board education superintendent principal lowndes high school. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | suit alleged johnson violently assaulted severely injured suffered great physical pain mental anguish subjected insult loss life january .lawsuit name person persons allegedly involved january event identify race alleged perpetrators implied racebased dimension hypothetical assault.lawsuit alleged defendants negligent violated johnsons constitutional right equal protection based race.alleged defendants ignored reports previously johnson repeatedly attacked harassed white student.alleged johnson attacked bus trip months prior death. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | lawsuit alleged another student history provoking attacking johnson school stating provocations took place presence coaching staff employees mother complained previous attacks.suit also alleged school officials failed properly monitor activities students throughout areas campus maintain properly functioning video surveillance system.in august million lawsuit ebony magazine filed magazine published series articles naming two students possible suspects johnsons death.magazine used pseudonyms otherwise accurate descriptions boys including fact father fbi agent.article used source anonymous email sheriffs office.lawsuit parents accused boys assert sons involved death considered suspects harassed result publication.in january johnsons family filed million civil lawsuit superior court dekalb county individuals. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | respondents include three johnsons classmates two three respondents unnamed local state federal officials school superintendent lowndes county valdostalowndes crime lab police chief valdosta many sheriffs deputies city valdosta state medical examiner gbi five agents one fbi agent.lawsuit alleged fbi agent ordered two sons classmate attack johnson death murder respondents engaged conspiracy cover homicide.jim elliott lowndes county attorney stated allegations unfounded baseless response would made court.local superior court judges recused presiding case preventing lawsuit filed heard lowndes county citing close proximity accused.shortly lawsuit filed u.s. attorney michael j. moore said statement federal investigation still open investigation proven complicated taken longer originally anticipated.moore resigned case transferred northern district ohio u.s. attorney steven dettelbach. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | shortly receiving case dettlebach also resigned.despite resignations department justice investigation continued.in november department justice filed motion civil case intervene stay case.u.s. attorney said allowing evidence discovery civil suit continue would chilling effect federal investigation expanded investigating possible obstruction grand jury witness tampering.justice departments motion denied johnsons parents dismissed wrongful death lawsuit saying hoped refile conclusion federal investigation.subsequently sued attorney fees defamation damages.on june department justice announced would filing criminal charges related johnsons death stating extensive investigation tragic event federal investigators determined insufficient evidence prove beyond reasonable doubt someone group people willfully violated kendrick johnsons civil rights committed prosecutable federal crime. |
Death of Kendrick Johnson | august georgia judge richard porter ruled johnsons family attorney pay legal fees dozens respondents civil suit writing testimony shows evidence support claims brothers killed johnson defendants engaged conspiracy conceal cause manner johnsons death.on march case officially reopened.however lowndes county sheriff ashley paulk stated would claiming something wrong original investigation original investigations conclusion accidental death wrong.sheriff also stated consider case homicide.stated two brothers named previous legal actions johnsons suspects.see also list unsolved deathslist unusual deaths references |
Censorship of GitHub | cases github eventually unblocked backlash users technology businesses compliance github.background github webbased git repository hosting service primarily used host source code software facilitate project management provide distributed revision control functionality git access control wikis bug tracking.november github reports .million users .million repositories. |
Censorship of GitHub | offers free accounts pastebin service called gist free website hosting github.io domain.github terms service prohibits illegal use reserves right remove content discretion.users fork copy individually develop projects github automatically take served dmca takedown notices.github uses https connections making data secure interception third parties.china china heavily regulates internet traffic blocked many international internet companies including facebook twitter. |
Censorship of GitHub | addition western businesses said restrictions hurt business reducing access information search engines using vpns.country started blocking github met protests among chinese programmers.greatfire chinese anticensorship organization attempted circumvent great firewall china using mirror websites.however links pages posted using github brings risk site blocked along mirrors.previous incident hsbc banks chinese operation taken offline akamai network targeted hosting greatfire.org websites.dns hijacking blockage january github blocked china using dns hijacking. |
Censorship of GitHub | reported attack carried response political information posted platform.confirming block spokesperson github said appear least partly blocked great firewall china.block lifted january online protest sina weibo.criticism kaifu lee brought attention block posting sina weibo.derided block saying blocking github unjustifiable derail nations programmers world bringing loss competitiveness insight. |
Censorship of GitHub | lees post shared times.however website still blocked tibet xinjiang autonomous regions.the next web called block unfortunate saying chinese developers play around workarounds find alternative service want work peers around world.mitm attack attack january github users china experienced maninthemiddle attack attackers could intercepted traffic site users china.mechanism attack fake ssl certificate.users attempting access github received warning invalid ssl certificate due signed unknown authority quickly detected. |
Censorship of GitHub | spokesperson github said early last week appeared github least partially blocked great firewall china... couple days appeared github longer blocked.netresec performed forensics attack determined indeed attack due large number router hops involved user submitting packet capture china.this attack performed march github pages march github.com.rationale greatfire speculated attack related popular white house petition calling denial entry united states architects great firewall china.petition linked gist containing names architects contact information.greatfire also said since github https chinese authorities cant block individual pages completely block website helps explain would resort attack. |
Censorship of GitHub | informationweek noted economic difficulty related blocking github makes github interesting censorship point view combines critical business service—collaborative coding—with social interaction.ddos attack march github target distributed denialofservice ddos attack originating china.targeted two anticensorship projects greatfire cnnytimes latter including instructions access chinese version new york times.github blocked chinabased ip addresses visiting repositories.visitor comes china page would show repository unavailable chinese internet blacklist. |
Censorship of GitHub | based github users jurisdiction may continue access github collaborate build software.govtakedowns repository record government requirements could show.india india selectively censors websites federal state levels.enforced information technology act well licensing requirements internet service providers isps.critics rajeev chandrasekhar noted vagueness regulations centre internet society found isps tended overcomply takedown requests. |
Censorship of GitHub | isp blockage december indian department telecom issued order isps block websites.notice made public december included github githubs gist vimeo internet archive various pastebin services.the block order confirmed twitter arvind gupta national head ruling party bjp attributed suggestion indias anti terrorism squad response content islamic extremist group isis.gupta also stated websites cooperated investigation unblocked.on january ministry communications issued statement unblocking websites including githubs gist said consider unblocking remaining websites complied.explaining rationale ministry stated many websites require authentication pasting material them... websites used frequently pasting communicating jihadi content... gulshan rai certin agency ministry said order came mumbai additional chief metropolitan magistrate following interrogation arif majeed isis recruit.on january github spokesperson said users still trouble accessing site github attempted reach indian government still unclear cause block.said restoring access developer community india top priority would like work indian government establish transparent process identifying unlawful content restore access ensure github continues remain available future without interruption. |
Censorship of GitHub | impact times india reported blockage indian users isps vodafone bsnl hathway still access using airtel.order told isps block effectiveness blocking access varied.blocking unreliable seemed occurring multiple layers even within isp.blocking methods included ip blocking use proxy server dns blocking.methods gaining access ranged using alternate dns server installing circumvention software. |
Censorship of GitHub | criticism regarding blocks techcrunch remarked addition github... one headscratching decisions anticipated uproar considering importance tech industry.also called embarrassing context prime minister narendra modis make india campaign promote india destination information technology.prasanth sugathan software freedom law center called blocks shortsighted saying block one website terrorists always use another one... move inconveniences daily users... twitter users protested using hashtag goiblocks recirculated hypocritical message modi condemning blanket blocking websites.anonymous india also posted several threats government take action.russia russian government blacklists websites include child pornography drugrelated material advocacy suicide extremist material illegal content russian internet restriction bill protect children. |
Censorship of GitHub | list maintained roscomnadzor russias regulatory agency.isp blockage december roscomnadzor blocked github due hosting various copies suicide manual.github uses https encrypts data users computer githubs servers internet service providers isps forced block whole website instead pages involved.complying isps included beeline mts mgts megafon.maxim ksenzov deputy head roscomnadzor said statement block due github complying earlier takedown requests manual october . |
Censorship of GitHub | github also momentarily blocked october original copy manual deleted uploader.banned content manual question posted march details methods suicide russian.added repository software library used working windows filesystems forked several users.original copy deleted owner october numerous github users complained block roscomnadzor.techcrunch remarked manual seemed written satire includes methods biting tongue joining military getting good gun policeman.takedown targeted manual copies well reposted blog entry suicide. |
Censorship of GitHub | response github complied blocked access content within russia saying working get reinstated.citing terms service github elaborated must use service violate laws jurisdiction including limited copyright trademark laws.github also created official repository titled roskomnadzor purpose posting takedown notices regulator.later moved govtakedowns request china june readme repository github states concerned internet censorship believe transparency document potential chilling effects.also warn presence notice documentation github pass judgement validity. |
Censorship of GitHub | turkey october following leak emails turkish minister berat albayrak redhack information communication technologies authority btk ordered isps block several file sharing websites including dropbox microsoft onedrive google drive.censorship monitoring watchdog turkey blocks observed github blocked following morning associated administrative orders subsequently posted btk stating access officially restricted.software depended github reported errors font awesome homebrew.participants startup istanbul week also complained unavailability infrastructure.github hashtag became one twitters top trends turkey. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | according daily dot redhack purposefully spread emails using multiple services expecting turkey block streisand effect could utilized.github unblocked hours later.notes references external links github bloggithub status messagesgovtakedowns githubfather sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum prime minister uae mother huriah ahmed al maash algeria.she two halfsisters name.full sister sheikha maitha born sheikha shamsa born sheikh majid born .sheikha latifa escaped dubai late february forcibly returned international waters near indian coast joint india–emirates operation march .december dubai royal court said back dubai.believed held order father sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum.june brief statement issued behalf law firm taylor wessing stated free travel wants privacy. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | august latifa photographed public places dubai spain iceland freelatifa campaign lasted three half years came end.february assured un high commissioner human rights good meeting paris.meeting took place princess latifas request unannounced date revealed february year videos leaked british media seen indicating held hostage afraid life.early life sheikha latifa one sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoums children.mother huriah ahmed al m’aash.in video statement sheikha latifa said brother sheikh majid spent early childhood care paternal aunt. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | early education dubai english speaking school later international school choueifat one year latifa school girls.sheikha latifa experienced skydiver coached former world champion skydiver stefania martinengo held accelerated freefall instructor rating.in age years first attempt sheikha latifa escape ended capture emiratiomani border subsequently jailed three years four months.claimed video statement kept solitary confinement subject constant torture physically beatings mentally arrest.disappearance february sheikha latifa finnish friend tiina jauhiainen left dubai car crossed border oman.left oman jet skis joined american–french citizen former french intelligence officer hervé jaubert crew yacht nostromo. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | two days later made contact radha stirling detained dubai notifying stirling departure dubai.also posted departing messages verified instagram social media account.on march jaubert made contact indian journalist preparation end journey.following day sheikha latifa jaubert jauhiainen along crew three philippine nationals intercepted indian authorities approaching goa u.s.registered yacht nostromo call sign wdg.investigation guardian bureau investigative journalism later revealed day signalling system no.protocol exploited attempt locate jauberts phone.on march daily mail broke news disappearance nostromo aboard contacted sheikha latifas representatives.she made minute video escape attempt released case life danger made public march . |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | recorded jauhiainens apartment video explains family background circumstances leading decision flee.video also accuses father maltreatment sister shamsa along serious charges including murder.the finnish national bureau investigation confirmed disappearance jauhiainen opened investigation collaboration finnish ministry foreign affairs.brother jauhiainen confirmed friendship sheikha latifa.on march nostromo spotted port fujairah uae.left next day sri lanka released crew including jaubert three philippine nationals board.nostromo reached galle sri lanka april .on march sheikha latifas companion jauhiainen found prompting finnish ministry foreign affairs terminate search cooperation dubai authorities. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | location jauhiainen found details prior events shared officially according family returned dubai finland night.according detained dubai number people detained interrogated connection event uae oman notably christian elombo french national whose family living luxembourg elombo spent month custody oman late february april .released without charge taken custody luxembourg april days interpol red notice issued uae.notice later retracted without notification producing evidence cited kidnapping charges.interception yacht nostromo according testimonies crew yacht actively searched indian coast guard search rescue aircraft sar cg march .day interception yacht scouted another aircraft. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | raid march three marine vessels spotted radar nostromos crew tailing speed less knots.two vessels later identified icgs shoor icgs samarth described media statements jaubert two coast guards vessels huge marking side hull read indian coast guard one id number painted .after sunset two unmarked speedboats carrying six eight armed indian marcos special forces personnel full military gear tavor assault rifles launched ships intercept nostromo.raid began use stun smoke grenades disorient incapacitate crew handcuffed.taken indian coast guard yacht boarded least ten emirati special forces personnel arrived helicopter.sheikha latifa despite claiming asylum indian personnel expressing clear unwillingness go back uae fleeing forcefully taken away onto one ships. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | nostromo rest crew taken naval base fujairah escorted indian coast guard transferred uae warship baynunah.according radha stirlings account received last voice message latifa alleged raid panicked state telling radha please help men outside heard gunshots.attempts communication onboard nostromo allegedly failed due jamming indian electronic warfare aircraft.in total least three indian two emirati warships two military planes helicopter involved raid nostromo miles coast goa.media reactions aftermath early days disappearance yacht nostromo crew news primarily carried english finnish tabloids backed awareness campaigns social media.jauhiainen jaubert made first public appearance incident press conference arranged detained dubai london despite facing alleged threats uae government stay silent.following period without mention gulf media western media reported midapril first reaction uae originating anonymous source close dubai government.according source sheikha latifa brought back family excellent. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | source claimed incident private matter used tarnish reputation dubai sheikh mohammed said three accompanied sheikha latifa wanted dubai previous charges.may human rights watch questioned dubais story asked dubais authorities reveal location adding failure disclose whereabouts status princess could qualify enforced disappearance.dubai authorities said could comment case due legal reasons.un ohchr working group enforced involuntary disappearance sought responses allegations governments india uae.addiyaar mainstream arab newspaper also published calls human rights watch raising issue sheikha latifa forcibly hidden.support groups also raised awareness campaign kentucky derby flying banner saying dubai princess latifa.the uaecontrolled media began reporting extensively social activities halfsister name serves vice chairman dubai culture arts authority dubai culture. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | many news outlets reported show jumper sheikha latifah bint ahmed bin juma al maktoum missing due similarity names.the indian government widely criticised extrajudicial outreach citing national interests disregard formal legal process.indian media reported prime minister narendra modi advisers directly involved giving orders interception request sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum didnt seek formal request uae.indian ministry external affairs spokesperson claimed incident brought notice.deputy commandant avinandan mitra indian coast guard response media queries incident near indian coastline said information operation.indian intelligence agencies said trying verify claims comment. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | january minister state external affairs v. k. singh denied involvement indian government repatriation emirati princess replying question raised member parliament saugata roy.similarly finnish government criticised raising concerns human rights violation one citizens indian authorities.day later finnish minister foreign affairs timo soini responded saying finland correspondence uae indian officials issue outside media.amnesty international september released public statement appealing government uae disclose whereabouts sheikha latifa uphold international legal obligations also calling upon indian government investigate role security forces officials involved raid nostromo unlawful excesses may committed.on december release bbc two documentary escape dubai mystery missing princess elicited first official response matter dubai royal court form brief statement saying latifa safe home.documentary covered escape attempt sheikha latifa spent seven years planning also looking similar attempt sister shamsa .january sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoums wife princess haya alhussein jordan halfsister king abdullah ii jordan spoke defense dubais treatment sheikha latifa.news reports princess hayas alleged separation mohammed bin rashid al maktoum human rights campaigners called princess haya speak stepdaughter latifas fate dubai.the matter referred united nations special rapporteur extrajudicial summary arbitrary executions guernica londonbased law firm representing latifa two friends. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | chairmanrapporteur bernard duhaime uns working group enforced involuntary disappearances wrote dubais royal family requesting evidence latifa alive grounds held captive else would make public statement.in february un investigation determined princess exchanged british arms dealer christian michel extradited dubai delhi tried paying bribes.visit mary robinson december three lowresolution photographs taken december showing sheikha latifa alongside mary robinson former united nations high commissioner human rights released uae authorities.according mary robinson meeting arranged one wives mohammed bin rashid al maktoum princess haya.robinson described latifa bbc radio interview troubled young woman regretted making earlier video alleged abuse receiving psychiatric care.comments criticised various rights groups detained dubais head radha stirling reciting dubais official version events almost verbatim. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | human rights groups associates sheikha latifa questioned nature brief visit calling independent investigation assessment situation disputing suggestions psychiatric problems reiterating possibility held captivity.robinson later told bbc horribly tricked.david haigh marcus essabri latifas cousin commenting released photos latifa stated sheikha latifa appears forcibly medicated held dubai orders father sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum.court proceedings december uk family court ruled – balance probabilities – sheikh mohammed orchestrated abductions sheikha latifa sheikha shamsa subjected princess haya campaign intimidation findings published march .documentary human rights activists able covertly reestablish communication latifa held captive private villa dubai least year attempted escape family february .able obtain text video messages period. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | year half communication abruptly ended july latifa stopped responding messages.in february smuggled footage obtained bbc program panorama showed sheikha latifa recounting fought back soldiers taking boat tranquilized later carried onto private jet landed dubai.united nations human rights office asked uae present proof princess latifa alive.nearly two months later april organization said emirates stated sheikha latifa cared family country failed provide proof life her.occasion spokesperson said emirates principle agreed meeting sheikha latifa senior united nations officials emirati ambassador geneva.april independent united nations advisers said statement alarmed emirates provided concrete information statement emirati authorities sufficient. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | united states response statement said freedom arbitrary detention universal human right described new york times muted.kentucky derby complaint april days kentucky derby sheikha latifas father sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum horse named essential quality considered favorite win group human rights lawyers students university louisville filed complaint kentucky horse racing commission asking sheikh essential quality barred derby grounds sheikha latifas alleged situation.racing commission announced april complaint articulated violation regulations sanctions would put place.mall emirates photo appearance may photo appears show princess latifa alive posted online shared two public instagram accounts.photo appears dubai shopping mall mall emirates seen sitting two women. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | although image verified friend latifas confirmed princess picture.according sources women posted proof life princess latifa may pictures restaurant shopping mall paid so.human rights activists also asked uk government help out.madrid–barajas airport appearance following month june pictures latifa adolfo suárez madrid–barajas airport posted instagram former royal navy member sioned taylor also published photos showing latifa mall emirates.mentioned great european holiday latifa. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | david haigh cofounder free latifa campaign stated pleased see latifa seemingly passport traveling enjoying increasing degree freedom confirmed several campaign members contacted directly princess herself.uae pegasus surveillance leaks july leaked data surveillance firm nso group pegasus spyware revealed presence latifas among uaetargeted phone numbers well several close friends possible targets.pegasus spyware allows full access including gps target phones may helped track latifas escape route.a mobile device belonging human rights activist communication latifa also found compromised pegasus.activist haigh covertly exchanging videos text messages latifa year half held captivity forced returned dubai february .end freelatifa campaign august latifa photographed public places dubai spain iceland freelatifa campaign lasted three half years came end. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | human rights lawyer david haigh latifas cousin marcus essabri sioned taylor observing wellbeing described situation best position terms freedom two decades.freelatifa campaign statedfollowing meeting marcus latifa iceland decided appropriate step time close free latifa campaign.primary purpose free latifa campaign see latifa free leading life chooses herself.clearly gone long way towards achieving goal last three years bodies united nations monitoring current future wellbeing latifa.david haigh cofounder free latifa campaign encouraged caution saying quite right understandable everyone needs look everything thats happening extreme caution monitor situation closely.controversy may helene jaubert exwife former french navy officer hervé jaubert told daily beast jaubert radha stirling contact latifa five years invented scheme together whole plan hervé help escape got daughter going get dad say want million else ill tell media. |
Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum | con.corrupt scheme gone haywire.according stirling latifa phoned boat middle ambush saying feared life hearing gunshots.latifa made call via whatsapp evidence call provided authorities united states united kingdom made available reporters.daily beast pointed satellite phone normally needed call alleged location indian ocean. |
Loudoun County Sheriff's Office | however established nostromo outfitted satellite phone.in august tiina jauhiainen gave version events online magazine insider.fbis role capture according usa today federal bureau investigation fbi responding urgent plea powerful dubai leaders office provided assistance essential capture.fbi declined comment.see also list solved missing person casesdavid haigh ancestry references external links media related latifa bint mohammed al maktoum ii wikimedia commonsfree latifa websitewhat happened dubais princess latifa bbc newsnight may youtubeorganization agency currently headed sheriff michael l. chapman last reelected .administration bureau administration bureau oversees two divisions administrative technical services division division handles personnel hiring administrative technological duties entire agency.corrections court services division division oversees loudoun county adult detention center confines prisoners awaiting trialsentencing transfer state prisons persons arrested provides facility security inmate services processes inmates keeps inmate records provides security loudoun county courthouse complex.operations bureau operations bureau oversees majority sheriffs office enforcement personnel sections.within three divisions field operations division deputies responsible patrolling county responding calls assigned division. |
Loudoun County Sheriff's Office | assigned one four stations within county.canine unit special operations section units located division well.operations support division division contains units mainly secondary parttime assignments patrol deputies.includes traffic unit accident reconstruction school resource unit specialized response teams sections.criminal investigations division detectives assigned division. |
Loudoun County Sheriff's Office | within major crimes section tactical enforcement unit crime scene investigation sections.some specific units sections includeadult crime prevention unit adult crime prevention unit offers many programs assist train community many aspects crime prevention.sheriffs auxiliary auxiliary personnel provide services public service events assist law enforcement personnel performance duties.juvenile crime preventiond.a.r.e.juvenile crime preventiond.a.r.e offers many programs assist train children many aspects crime prevention.sheriffs emergency response team sert sert team activates hostage andor barricaded persons sniper incidents ambush attacks resolve special high risk situation task.hostage negotiations team hostage negotiation team responsible conducting negotiations perpetrators incidents involving hostages barricaded persons situations negotiations could prevent serious injury loss life.traffic safety unit traffic safety unit composed accident reconstruction unit motorcycle squad motor carrier safety inspection team.dive team dive team aids search rescue victims waterrelated accidents assists search recovery evidential items bodies water.bicycle patrol team bicycle patrol teams focus building better relationship public getting neighborhoods focusing communitys needs.crossing guard programidentification identification team focuses evidence recovery collection preservation evidence processing photographic documentation latent examinations fingerprintphotograph file maintenance.canine team k unit assigned special operations division supports divisions sheriffs office.computer forensics section computer forensics team focuses computerinvolved criminal investigations computer seizures data recoverypreservation documentation evidential data.project fairness project fairness enforces compliance displaying valid decal throughout countycrime scene technicianscivil disturbance response team rank structure equipment lcso patrol deputies use dodge chargers supervisors deputies special units commercial vehicle inspection team drive dodge durangos.agency also owns limited number chevy tahoes used mainly k deputies well assorted vehicles used one units.agency formerly used ford crown victorias patrolling.vehicles painted white multishade brown stripe side blue lightbar. |
Loudoun County Sheriff's Office | fallen officers since establishment loudoun county sheriffs office officer died line duty.deputy charles barton died sustaining injuries crash atlantic southeast airlines flight atlanta georgia assigned extradition case.fraternal order police lodge leesburg named stewartbarton lodge partly honor barton.potential transition police department shortly reelected chairwoman phyllis randall proposed transitioning policing new police department sheriff would responsible court related duties done prince william county fairfax county.randall says reason proposing simply don’t believe law enforcement political. |
RAID (in mental health) | however sheriff michael l. chapman stated loudoun residents happy service getting it’s almost like going move try fix something that’s broken seems matter exercising power control.in board supervisors asked report potential transition commission responsible strongly recommended keeping current system citing decreased state funding due low crime rates idea police chief would equally political appointed.to implement police department referendum required must approved voters county enacted general assembly.see also list law enforcement agencies virginia references external links loudoun county sheriffs office official weblinkloudoun government official websiteraid approach written dr william davies published distributed association psychological therapies.professionals working mental health related areas trained raid approach mainly uk ireland.th edition.raid model raid model advocates philosophy care professionals “play disruptive behaviours far safety allows concentrate recognising reinforcing appropriate behaviour gradually displaces disruptive behaviour”.emphasises extreme behaviours addressed proactive encouragement positive qualities behaviours shown individual clearly focuses providing individuals rewarding opportunities progress.the aim professional focus ‘green’ positive behaviours reduce opportunities ‘red’ challenging less positive behaviour thereby developing therapeutic milieu. |
RAID (in mental health) | process involves rewarding positive ‘green’ behaviours ways help patients recognise achievements whilst ‘red’ negative behaviours safely played use strategies distraction techniques.as proactive approach raid model contrasts approaches extinction punishment used operant conditioning raid model allows act absence extreme behaviour whereas punishment extinction allow act extreme behaviour occurs approaches extreme behaviour relies upon extreme behaviour happening viewed many undesirable.raid model usually viewed example constructional approach behaviour modification attempts solve problems building positive behaviors displace negative ones.contrasts eliminative approach focuses problem behavior aim eliminating it.history raid approach written dr william davies established standard setting reinforcing positive behaviours uk.it originally written positive approach working disturbed adolescents secure conditions quickly applied people showing difficult aggressive behaviour age especially secure residential facilities.originally approach described relevant strategies constructive working behaviour raid acronym came later memoryaid general theme underpins strategies.the acronym raid standing reinforce appropriate implode disruptive registered uk trademark . |
RAID (in mental health) | january first case ever heard intellectual property enterprise court ipec outside london high court judge hh melissa clarke found nhs foundation trust infringed raid trademark using stand rapid assessment intervention discharge stop using it.evidence raid model measured overt aggression scale modified neurorehabilitation oasmnr shown decrease aggressive behaviours across two year period.research also shown raid model significantly reduced number incidents challenging behaviour medium secure ld ward paper conducted dr cheryl knowles shown significant increase staff members’ confidence towards challenging behaviour observed immediately post training maintained months following training.training training raid approach delivered association psychological therapies attended professionals working uks national health service including rampton secure hospital independent healthcare providers including st andrews healthcare priory group cygnet health care elysium healthcare.notes |
Philippines | situated western pacific ocean consists islands broadly categorized three main geographical divisions north south luzon visayas mindanao.philippines bounded west philippine sea west philippine sea east celebes sea southwest shares maritime borders taiwan north japan northeast palau east southeast indonesia south malaysia southwest vietnam west china northwest.philippines covers area km sq mi population around million people making worlds twelfthmost populous country.philippines multinational state diverse ethnicities cultures throughout islands.manila nations capital largest city quezon city lying within urban area metro manila.negritos archipelagos earliest inhabitants followed successive waves austronesian peoples. |
Philippines | adoption animism hinduism islam established islandkingdoms called kedatuans rajahnates sultanates.arrival ferdinand magellan portuguese explorer leading fleet spain marked beginning spanish colonization.spanish explorer ruy lópez de villalobos named archipelago las islas filipinas honor philip ii spain.spanish settlement mexico beginning led philippines becoming part spanish empire years.time catholicism became dominant religion manila became western hub transpacific trade. |
Philippines | philippine revolution began became entwined spanish–american war.spain ceded territory united states filipino revolutionaries declared first philippine republic.ensuing philippine–american war ended united states establishing control territory maintained japanese invasion islands world war ii.following liberation philippines became independent .since unitary sovereign state often tumultuous experience democracy included overthrow dictatorship people power revolution.it considered emerging market newly industrialized country economy transitioning based agriculture based services manufacturing. |
Philippines | philippines founding member united nations world trade organization association southeast asian nations asiapacific economic cooperation forum east asia summit.philippines position island country pacific ring fire close equator makes country prone earthquakes typhoons.country variety natural resources globally significant level biodiversity.etymology spanish explorer ruy lópez de villalobos expedition named islands leyte samar felipinas philip ii spain prince asturias.eventually name las islas filipinas would used cover archipelagos spanish possessions. |
Philippines | spanish rule established names islas del poniente islands west magellans name islands san lázaro also used spanish refer islands region.during philippine revolution malolos congress proclaimed establishment república filipina philippine republic.period spanish–american war philippine–american war – commonwealth period – american colonial authorities referred country philippine islands translation spanish name.united states began process changing reference country philippine islands philippines specifically mentioned philippine autonomy act jones law.full official title republic philippines included constitution name future independent state also mentioned succeeding constitutional revisions.history prehistory pre– evidence early hominins living philippines early years ago. |
Philippines | small number bones callao cave potentially represent otherwise unknown species homo luzonensis lived around years ago.oldest modern human remains found islands tabon caves palawan uthdated ± – years ago.tabon man presumably negrito among archipelagos earliest inhabitants descendants first human migrations africa via coastal route along southern asia sunken landmasses sundaland sahul.the first austronesians reached philippines around bc settling batanes islands northern luzon taiwan.rapidly spread downwards rest islands philippines southeast asia.population assimilated existing negritos resulting modern filipino ethnic groups display various ratios genetic admixture austronesian negrito groups. |
Philippines | genetic signatures also indicate potential migration austroasiatic papuan south asian people.jade artifacts found dated bc linglingo jade items crafted luzon made using raw materials originating taiwan.bc inhabitants archipelago developed four kinds social groups huntergatherer tribes warrior societies highland plutocracies port principalities.early states – earliest known surviving written record found philippines laguna copperplate inscription.number large coastal settlements emerged trading centers became focal point societal changes. |
Philippines | polities exchanges states across asia.trade china believed begun tang dynasty grew extensive song dynasty.nd millennium ce philippine polities sent delegations participating tributary system china.indian cultural traits linguistic terms religious practices began spread within philippines th century likely via hindu majapahit empire.th century islam established sulu archipelago spread there.polities founded philippines th–th centuries include maynila tondo namayan pangasinan cebu butuan maguindanao lanao sulu mai. |
Philippines | early polities typically made threetier social structure nobility class class freemen class dependent debtorbondsmen.among nobility leaders called datus responsible ruling autonomous groups called barangay dulohan.barangays banded together either form larger settlement geographically looser alliance esteemed among would recognized paramount datu rajah sultan headed community state.warfare developed escalated th th centuries throughout periods population density thought low.luções luzon economic military influence south southeast east asia. |
Philippines | portuguese explorer ferdinand magellan arrived area claimed islands spain killed lapulapus fighters battle mactan.colonial rule – colonization began spanish explorer miguel lópez de legazpi arrived mexico .– spanish manila became capital spanish east indies encompassed spanish territories asia pacific.spanish successfully invaded different local states employing principle divide conquer bringing philippines single unified administration.disparate barangays deliberately consolidated towns catholic missionaries easily able convert inhabitants christianity. |
Philippines | philippines governed part mexicobased viceroyalty new spain later administered madrid following mexican war independence.manila western hub transpacific trade.manila galleons constructed bicol cavite.during rule spain quelled various indigenous revolts well defending external military challenges.spanish forces included soldiers elsewhere new spain well broader latin america many deserted intermingled wider population.immigration blurred racial caste system spain maintained towns cities. |
Philippines | war dutch west th century together conflict muslims south nearly bankrupted colonial treasury.administration philippine islands considered drain economy spain debates abandon trade territory.however opposed due economic potential security desire continue religious conversion islands surrounding region.philippines survived annual subsidy provided spanish crown averaged pesos usually paid provision tons silver bullion sent americas.british forces occupied manila seven years war spanish rule restored treaty paris.– spanish considered war muslims southeast asia extension reconquista.spanish–moro conflict lasted several hundred years. |
Philippines | last quarter th century spain conquered portions mindanao jolo moro muslims sultanate sulu formally recognized spanish sovereignty.in th century philippine ports opened world trade shifts started occurring within filipino society.latin american wars independence renewed immigration led shifts social identity term filipino shifting referring spaniards born philippines term encompassing people archipelago.identity shift driven wealthy families mixed ancestry became national identity.revolutionary sentiments stoked three activist catholic priests executed weak pretences.would inspire propaganda movement spain organized marcelo h. del pilar josé rizal graciano lópez jaena mariano ponce lobbying political reforms philippines.rizal eventually executed december charges rebellion. |
Philippines | radicalized many previously loyal spain.attempts reform met resistance andrés bonifacio established militant secret society called katipunan sought independence spain armed revolt.the katipunan started philippine revolution .internal disputes led election bonifacio lost position emilio aguinaldo elected new leader revolution.– pact biaknabato brought exile revolutionary leadership hong kong.spanish–american war began reached philippines. |
Philippines | aguinaldo returned resumed revolution declared independence spain june .– first philippine republic established january .the islands ceded spain united states alongside puerto rico guam result latters victory spanish–american war.became increasingly clear united states would recognize first philippine republic philippine–american war broke out.war resulted deaths million civilians mostly due famine disease.defeat first philippine republic american civilian government established. |
Philippines | american forces continued secure extend control islands suppressing attempted extension philippine republic – securing sultanate sulu establishing control interior mountainous areas resisted spanish conquest.cultural developments strengthened continuing development national identity tagalog began take precedence local languages.governmental functions gradually devolved filipinos taft commission philippines granted commonwealth status manuel quezon president sergio osmeña vice president.quezons priorities defence social justice inequality economic diversification national character.tagalog designated national language womens suffrage introduced land reform mooted.during world war ii japanese empire invaded second philippine republic jose p. laurel established puppet state.japanese occupation philippines opposed largescale underground guerrilla activity. |
Philippines | atrocities war crimes committed war including bataan death march manila massacre.allied troops defeated japanese .end war estimated million filipinos died.october philippines became one founding members united nations.july philippines officially recognized united states independent nation treaty manila presidency manuel roxas. |
Philippines | postcolonial period –present efforts end hukbalahap rebellion began elpidio quirinos term however ramon magsaysays presidency movement suppressed.magsaysays successor carlos p. garcia initiated filipino first policy continued diosdado macapagal celebration independence day moved july june date emilio aguinaldos declaration pursuit claim eastern part north borneo.in macapagal lost presidential election ferdinand marcos.early presidency marcos initiated numerous infrastructure projects together wife imelda accused corruption embezzling billions dollars public funds.nearing end term marcos declared martial law september .period rule characterized political repression censorship human rights violations.on august marcos chief rival opposition leader benigno aquino jr. assassinated tarmac manila international airport. |
Philippines | marcos called snap presidential election .marcos proclaimed winner results widely regarded fraudulent.resulting protests led people power revolution forced marcos allies flee hawaii aquinos widow corazon aquino installed president.the return democracy government reforms beginning hampered national debt government corruption coup attempts.communist insurgency military conflict moro separatists persisted administration also faced series disasters including sinking mv doña paz december eruption mount pinatubo june .aquino succeeded fidel v. ramos whose economic performance . |
Philippines | growth rate overshadowed onset asian financial crisis.ramos successor joseph estrada overthrown edsa revolution succeeded vice president gloria macapagal arroyo january .arroyos year administration marked economic growth tainted corruption political scandals.november journalists several civilians killed maguindanao.economic growth continued benigno aquino iiis administration pushed good governance transparency.clash took place mamasapano maguindanao killed members philippine national policespecial action force resulting efforts pass bangsamoro basic law reaching impasse.former davao city mayor rodrigo duterte presidential election becoming first president mindanao. |
Philippines | duterte launched antidrug campaign infrastructure program.implementation bangsamoro organic law led creation autonomous bangsamoro region mindanao.early covid pandemic reached country causing gross domestic product shrink .countrys worst annual economic performance since records began .geography environment philippines archipelago composed islands covering total area including inland bodies water around square kilometers sq mi cadastral survey data suggesting may larger. |
Philippines | kilometers mi coastline gives worlds fifthlongest coastline.eez philippines covers km sq mi.located ° ° e longitude ° ° n latitude bordered philippine sea east south china sea west celebes sea south.island borneo located hundred kilometers southwest taiwan located directly north.sulawesi located southwest palau located east islands.the highest mountain mount apo. |
Philippines | measures meters ft sea level located island mindanao.running east archipelago philippine trench extendes meter ft emden deep.longest river cagayan river northern luzon measuring kilometers mi.manila bay upon shore capital city manila lies connected laguna de bay largest lake philippines pasig river.puerto princesa subterranean river runs . |
Philippines | kilometers .mi underground karst landscape reaching ocean unesco world heritage site.situated western fringes pacific ring fire philippines experiences frequent seismic volcanic activity.benham plateau east philippine sea undersea region active tectonic subduction.around earthquakes registered daily though weak felt.last major earthquake luzon earthquake. |
Philippines | many active volcanoes mayon volcano mount pinatubo taal volcano.eruption mount pinatubo june produced second largest terrestrial eruption th century.philippines worlds secondbiggest geothermal energy producer behind united states countrys electricity needs met geothermal power.the country valuable mineral deposits result complex geologic structure high level seismic activity.philippines thought secondlargest gold deposits south africa along large amount copper deposits worlds largest deposits palladium.minerals include chromite nickel zinc. |
Philippines | despite lack law enforcement poor management opposition due presence indigenous communities past instances environmental damage disaster resulted mineral resources remaining largely untapped.biodiversity philippines megadiverse country.eight major types forests distributed throughout philippines dipterocarp beach forest pine forest molave forest lower montane forest upper montane mossy forest mangroves ultrabasic forest.philippines million hectares forest cover left according official estimates roughly countrys total land area though experts contend actual figure likely much lower.deforestation often result illegal logging acute problem philippines. |
Philippines | forest cover declined philippiness total land area ..around land vertebrate species found philippines including mammal species bird species thought exist elsewhere.philippines among highest rates discovery world sixteen new species mammals discovered last ten years.rate endemism philippines risen likely continue rise.parts marine waters contain highest diversity shorefish species world.large reptiles include philippine crocodile saltwater crocodile. |
Philippines | largest crocodile captivity known locally lolong captured southern island mindanao died february pneumonia cardiac arrest.national bird known philippine eagle longest body eagle generally measures cm ..ft length weighs .. |
Philippines | kg ..lb.philippine eagle part family accipitridae endemic rainforests luzon samar leyte mindanao.philippines third highest number endemic birds world behind indonesia australia endemics. |
Philippines | notable birds include celestial monarch flametempled babbler redvented cockatoo whiskered pitta sulu hornbill rufous hornbill luzon bleedingheart flamebreasted fruit dove.philippine maritime waters encompass much square kilometers sq mi producing unique diverse marine life important part coral triangle territory shared countries.total number corals marine fish species estimated respectively.new records species discoveries continue.tubbataha reef sulu sea declared world heritage site .philippine waters also sustain cultivation fish crustaceans oysters seaweeds. |
Philippines | one species oyster pinctada maxima produces pearls naturally golden color.pearls declared national gem.with estimated plant species country unique islands philippine rainforests boast array flora including many rare types orchids rafflesia.many species endangered scientists say southeast asia philippines part faces catastrophic extinction rate end st century due part habitat loss resulting deforestation.climate philippines tropical maritime climate usually hot humid.three seasons hot dry season summer march may rainy season june november cool dry season december february. |
Philippines | southwest monsoon lasts may october northeast monsoon november april.temperatures usually range °c °f °c °f.coolest month january warmest may.the average yearly temperature around .°c .°f. |
Philippines | considering temperature location terms latitude longitude significant factor temperatures sea level tend range.altitude usually impact.average annual temperature baguio elevation meters ft sea level .°c .°f making popular destination hot summers. |
Philippines | annual rainfall measures much millimeters mountainous east coast section less millimeters sheltered valleys.sitting astride typhoon belt islands experience – typhoons annually july october around nineteen typhoons entering philippine area responsibility typical year eight nine making landfall.historically typhoons sometimes referred baguios.wettest recorded typhoon hit philippines dropped millimeters baguio july .philippines highly exposed climate change among worlds ten countries vulnerable climate change risks.government politics philippines democratic government form constitutional republic presidential system. |
Philippines | president functions head state head government commanderinchief armed forces.president elected popular vote single sixyear term.president appoints presides cabinet.– rodrigo duterte elected sixyear term president .bicameral congress composed senate serving upper house members elected sixyear term house representatives serving lower house members elected threeyear term. |
Philippines | philippine politics tends dominated wellknown names members political dynasties celebrities.senators elected large representatives elected legislative districts sectoral representation.– judicial power vested supreme court composed chief justice presiding officer fourteen associate justices appointed president nominations submitted judicial bar council.capital city philippines manila populous city quezon city within single urban area metro manila.there attempts change government federal unicameral parliamentary government since ramos administration.significant amount corruption philippines historians attribute system governance put place spanish colonial period.foreign relations founding active member united nations country elected security council. |
Philippines | carlos p. romulo former president united nations general assembly.country active participant peacekeeping missions particularly east timor.million filipinos live work overseas.the philippines founding active member asean association southeast asian nations.hosted several summits active contributor direction policies bloc.also member east asia summit eas asiapacific economic cooperation apec group nonaligned movement. |
Philippines | country also seeking obtain observer status organisation islamic cooperation.the philippines long relationship united states covering economics security peopletopeople relations.mutual defense treaty two countries signed supplemented later visiting forces agreement enhanced defense cooperation agreement.philippines supported american policies cold war participated korean vietnam wars.philippines designated major nonnato ally.under president duterte ties united states weakened military purchases instead coming china russia duterte states philippines longer participate usled wars.revealed united states would defend philippines including south china sea.the philippines attaches great importance relations china established significant cooperation country. |
Philippines | japan biggest bilateral contributor official development assistance country.although historical tensions exist due events world war ii much animosity faded.historical cultural ties continue affect relations spain.relations middle eastern countries shaped high number filipinos working countries issues relating muslim minority philippines.concerns raised regarding issues domestic abuse war affecting around .million overseas filipino workers region.the philippines claims spratly islands overlap claims china malaysia taiwan vietnam. |
Philippines | largest controlled islands thitu island contains philippines smallest village.scarborough shoal standoff china took control shoal philippines led international arbitration case made shoal prominent symbol wider dispute.military armed forces philippines afp consist three branches philippine air force philippine army philippine navy.armed forces philippines volunteer force.civilian security handled philippine national police department interior local government dilg.in bangsamoro largest separatist organizations moro national liberation front moro islamic liberation front engaging government politically . |
Philippines | militant groups like abu sayyaf kidnapped foreigners ransom particularly sulu archipelago.presence decreased due successful security provided philippine government.communist party philippines military wing new peoples army waging guerrilla warfare government since reaching apex communist guerrillas gained control fifth countrys territory significantly dwindling militarily politically return democracy ..billion . |
Philippines | percent gdp spent military forces.administrative divisions philippines governed unitary state exception bangsamoro autonomous region muslim mindanao barmm although several steps towards decentralization within unitary framework.law devolved powers local governments.country divided regions provinces cities municipalities barangays.regions bangsamoro serve primarily organize provinces country administrative convenience. |
Philippines | calabarzon populated region national capital region ncr densely populated.demographics commission population estimated countrys population december based latest population census conducted philippine statistics authority.population increased approximately million growth time frame.first official census philippines carried recorded population .a third population resides metro manila immediately neighboring regions.. |
Philippines | average annual population growth rate decreased estimated .– period.government attempts reduce population growth contentious issue.populations median age .years . |
Philippines | aged years old.life expectancy birth .years .years females .years males. |
Philippines | poverty incidence dropped ...metro manila populous defined metropolitan areas philippines th populous world.census data showed population constituting almost national population.including suburbs adjacent provinces bulacan cavite laguna rizal greater manila population around . |
Philippines | across country philippines total urbanization rate .percent.metro manilas gross regional product estimated ₱.billion constant prices accounts nations gdp.manila ranked th wealthiest urban agglomeration world nd southeast asia. |
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