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Compounds that are capable of accepting electrons, such as o 2 or f2, are called what? | residues | antioxidants | Oxygen | oxidants | Oxidants and Reductants Compounds that are capable of accepting electrons, such as O 2 or F2, are calledoxidants (or oxidizing agents) because they can oxidize other compounds. In the process of accepting electrons, an oxidant is reduced. Compounds that are capable of donating electrons, such as sodium metal or cyclohe... |
What term in biotechnology means a genetically exact copy of an organism? | phenotype | adult | male | clone | But transgenic animals just have one novel gene. What about an animal with a whole new genome? Could a clone , a genetically exact copy of an organism, be developed using techniques associated with biotechnology? It could be argued that human cloning is one of the inevitable outcomes of modern biotechnology. It "simply... |
What is the height above or below sea level called? | variation | depth | latitude | elevation | As you know, the surface of Earth is not flat. Some places are high, and some places are low. For example, mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada in California or the Andes in South America are high above the surrounding areas. An accurate location must take into account the third dimension. Elevation is the height abo... |
The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed what feature commonly associated with birds? | beaks | tails | webbed feet | wings | Wings evolved in a bird ancestor that lived in trees. Thus, wings are modified arms that helped the animal glide from branch to branch. |
What term means the amount of water vapor in the air? | ambient | temperature | pressure | humidity | Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. High humidity increases the chances of clouds and precipitation. |
Paracrine signals move by what method through the extracellular matrix? | transfusion | osmosis | deposition | diffusion | Paracrine Signaling Signals that act locally between cells that are close together are called paracrine signals. Paracrine signals move by diffusion through the extracellular matrix. These types of signals usually elicit quick responses that last only a short amount of time. In order to keep the response localized, par... |
Presence of a cell wall, large central vacuole, and organelles called plastids distinguish what type of cell? | heterotroph | animal | reproductive | plant | All but one of the structures described above are found in plant cells as well as animal cells. The only exception is centrioles, which are not found in plant cells. Plant cells have three additional structures that are not found in animals cells. These include a cell wall, large central vacuole, and organelles called ... |
Digestion of proteins begins with acids in what organ? | brain | colon | liver | stomach | 24.4 Protein Metabolism Digestion of proteins begins in the stomach, where HCl and pepsin begin the process of breaking down proteins into their constituent amino acids. As the chyme enters the small intestine, it mixes with bicarbonate and digestive enzymes. The bicarbonate neutralizes the acidic HCl, and the digestiv... |
Many species of rotifers exhibit haplodiploidy, which is a method of what? | respiration | circulation | digestion | gender determination | Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/rotifers) to see rotifers feeding. Rotifers are pseudocoelomates commonly found in fresh water and some salt water environments throughout the world. Figure 28.17 shows the anatomy of a rotifer belonging to class Bdelloidea. About 2,200 species of rotifers have been ident... |
What is the most abundant metal of the earth's crust? | magnetite | calcium | copper | aluminum | Metals represent approximately 25% of the elemental makeup of the Earth's crust. The bulk of these metals, primarily aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, are typically found in combined form. The most abundant metal is aluminum, which occurs almost exclusively as the ionic mineral bauxite. The oth... |
What is the term for the total kinetic energy of moving particles of matter? | Newton's energy | heavy energy | mechanical energy | thermal energy | The total kinetic energy of moving particles of matter is called thermal energy. |
Chemical reactions involve a transfer of heat energy. measured in what? | thermals | amps | amperes | joules | Chemical reactions involve a transfer of heat energy. Measured in joules. |
Most fungi get organic compounds from what? | carnivorous organisms | inorganic material | living organisms | dead organisms | Most fungi get organic compounds from dead organisms. They are decomposers called saprotrophs. A saprotroph feeds on any remaining organic matter after other decomposers do their work. Fungi use enzymes to digest organic remains and then absorb the resulting organic compounds. As decomposers, fungi are vital for the he... |
Pairs of nitrogenous bases are attached to each other by? | magnetism | potassium bonds | ionic bonds | hydrogen bonds | |
The strength of a base depends on the concentration of _______ it produces when dissolved in water? | monoxide ions | combustion ions | calcium ions | hydroxide ions | The strength of a base depends on the concentration of hydroxide ions it produces when dissolved in water. For example, sodium hydroxide completely breaks down into ions in water, so it is a strong base. However, only a fraction of ammonia breaks down into ions, so it is a weak base. |
Organisms that live deep in the ocean must be able to withstand what? | tsunamis | the sun | significant water pressure | extreme water pressure | Organisms that live deep in the ocean must be able to withstand extreme water pressure, very cold water, and complete darkness. However, even here, thriving communities of living things can be found. Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. The vents release hot water containing chemicals that wo... |
What instrument is used to make very sensitive mass measurements in a laboratory, usually in grams? | scale | speedometer | thermometer | analytical balance | An analytical balance makes very sensitive mass measurements in a laboratory, usually in grams. |
The lens focuses light on the retina , which covers the back of the inside of the eye. the retina has light-sensing photoreceptor cells called? | tubes and rods | cones and tubes | holes and cones | rods and cones | The lens focuses light on the retina , which covers the back of the inside of the eye. The retina has light-sensing photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. Rods let us see in dim light. Cones let us detect light of different colors. |
Temperature, water, soil, and air are examples of nonliving factors of an ecosystem, also termed what? | diverse factors | nucleic factors | conditional factors | abiotic factors | Ecology is the study of ecosystems. That is, ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with the nonliving part of their environment. An ecosystem consists of all the nonliving factors and living organisms interacting in the same habitat . Recall that living organisms are biotic factors .... |
Which kind of muscle regulates air flow in lungs? | alveoli | vascular | striated | smooth | Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs. |
What type of bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals? | theta bonds | sigma bonds | omega bonds | pi bonds | Sigma bonds are formed by the end-to-end overlap of bonding orbitals. Pi bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals. Single bonds are normally sigma bonds. A double or triple bond consists of one sigma bond and either one or two pi bonds. |
What is another name for the vertebral column? | brain stem | nerve column | pillar | backbone | animal in Phylum Chordata that has a vertebral column, or backbone. |
The temperature at which a substance melts is called its what point? | freezing | boiling | change | melting | The temperature at which a substance melts is called its melting point. Melting point is a physical property of matter. The gold pictured in the Figure above , for example, has a melting point of 1064°C. This is a high melting point, and most other metals also have high melting points. The melting point of ice, in comp... |
Humans are among the most versatile of mammals with what type of diet? | vegetarian | carnivore | herbivore | omnivore | |
Solute potential is also called osmotic potential because solutes affect the direction of what? | electrolysis | permeability | electrolysis | osmosis | |
Fungi, such as black bread mold (rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant what? | mutations | birth cycles | gene pools | life cycles | Figure 11.9 Fungi, such as black bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant life cycles. The haploid multicellular stage produces specialized haploid cells by mitosis that fuse to form a diploid zygote. The zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores. Each spore gives rise to a multicellular haploid ... |
The electrode at which oxidation occurs is called? | calomel | diode | cathode | the anode | The electrode at which oxidation occurs is called the anode . The zinc anode gradually diminishes as the cell operates due to the loss of zinc metal. The zinc ion concentration in the half-cell increases. Because of the production of electrons at the anode, it is labeled as the negative electrode. |
The lens and other parts of the eye work together to focus a real image on what eye structure? | cornea | iris | pupil | retina | As just described, the eyes collect and focus visible light. The lens and other structures of the eye work together to focus a real image on the retina. The image is upside-down and reduced in size, as you can see in Figure below . The image reaches the brain as electrical signals that travel through the optic nerve. T... |
What is required to move or change matter from one state to another? | evolution | food | gravity | energy | Energy provides the ability to move or change matter from one state to another (for example, from solid to liquid). Every living thing needs energy to live and grow. Your body gets its energy from food, but that is only a small part of the energy you use every day. Cooking your food takes energy, and so does keeping it... |
What contains positive protons and neutral neutrons? | epidermis | electrons | ions | nucleus | The nucleus is at the center of the atom. It contains positive protons and neutral neutrons. Negative electrons constantly move about the nucleus. |
Natural gas is the predominately made up of? | sulfur | hydrogen | carbon | methane | Natural gas is mostly methane. Natural gas is usually found with petroleum. People prefer to burn natural gas when possible because it is relatively clean. |
Which organs control the amount of water, ions, and other substances in the blood by excreting more or less of them in urine? | ears | lungs | tongue | kidneys | The kidneys play many vital roles in homeostasis. They filter all the blood in the body many times each day and produce a total of about 1.5 liters of urine. The kidneys control the amount of water, ions, and other substances in the blood by excreting more or less of them in urine. The kidneys also secrete hormones tha... |
What is a therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early, immature stage? | carnivore | rodent | bat | a marsupial | Marsupials have a different way of reproducing that reduces the mother’s risks. A marsupial is a therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early, immature stage. The embryo completes its development outside the mother’s body in a pouch on her belly. Only a minority of therian mammals are marsupials. They live ma... |
What are fungi which feed on living cells called? | symbiotic | static | predatory | parasitic | 23.24 Nutrition Fungi are saprophytes. When they find a source of food (e. dead wood, orange peel) , they decompose it and digest it. The enzymes break down larger organic molecules in the substrate into smaller molecules. These smaller molecules diffuse into the fungus, where they are used to allow growth and repair. ... |
What is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient | Permable | nutrients | mirrors | osmosis | Figure 3.7 Osmosis Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. If a membrane is permeable to water, though not to a solute, water will equalize its own concentration by diffusing to the side of lower water concentration (and thus the side of higher solute concentr... |
In phyisics, what is considered to be the rotational version of force? | pressure | work | energy | torque | Torque is equal to the cross product as stated above. In general, one can simplify by saying that the torque is equal to the force acting on the object multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the application of the force to the rotational axis. Say you had a seesaw. It is easier to exert torque, get the seesaw to... |
Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by tough connective tissues called what? | cords | fibers | veins | tendons | Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by tough connective tissues called tendons (see Figure above ). Many skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones that meet at a joint . The muscles span the joint and connect the bones. When the muscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing them to move. |
What is the ability to see called? | hearing | thought | smell | vision | The ability to see is called vision . This ability depends on more than healthy eyes. It also depends on certain parts of the brain, because the brain and eyes work together to allow us to see. The eyes collect and focus visible light. The lens and other structures of the eye work together to focus an image on the reti... |
Which two major innovations allowed seed plants to reproduce in the absence of water? | salt and pollen | bee and pollen | root and pollen | seed and pollen | CHAPTER SUMMARY 26.1 Evolution of Seed Plants Seed plants appeared about one million years ago, during the Carboniferous period. Two major innovations—seed and pollen—allowed seed plants to reproduce in the absence of water. The gametophytes of seed plants shrank, while the sporophytes became prominent structures and t... |
Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gases by the addition of what? | demand | motion | mineral | energy | Chemistry in Everyday Life Decomposition of Water / Production of Hydrogen Water consists of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2 to 1 ratio. Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gases by the addition of energy. One way to do this is with a battery or power supply, as shown in (Figure 1.15). |
In humans, the only haploid cells are what reproductive cells? | uteral and sperm | dna and egg | sperm and dna | sperm and egg | The life cycle of a plant is very different from the life cycle of an animal. Humans are made entirely of diploid cells (cells with two sets of chromosomes, referred to as ''2n''). Our only cells that are haploid cells (cells with one set of chromosomes, ''n'') are sperm and egg cells. Plants, however, can live when th... |
The lithosphere is divided into a dozen major and several minor what? | faults | zones | crystals | plates | The lithosphere is divided into a dozen major and several minor plates. Each plate is named for the continent or ocean basin it contains. Some plates are made of all oceanic lithosphere. A few are all continental lithosphere. But most plates are made of a combination of both. |
What are used to indicate the number of atoms of an element that are in the compound? | digits | indices | suffixes | prefixes | Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of an element that are in the compound. |
Area, volume, and speed are all examples of what type of units? | known units | fundamental units | calculated measure | derived units | Derived units can be expressed as some combination of base units. Examples of derived units are area, volume, and speed. |
Anything moving has what type of energy? | thermal | magnetic | potential | kinetic | Why do the air and sand of Death Valley feel so hot? It’s because their particles are moving very rapidly. Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. The total kinetic energy of moving particles of matter is called thermal energy . It’s not just hot things s... |
A skydiver will reach what when the air drag equals their weight? | ending velocity | constant velocity | building velocity | terminal velocity | viscosity. Using the equation of the previous problem, find the viscosity of motor oil in which a steel ball of radius 0.8 mm falls with a terminal speed of 4.32 cm/s. The densities of the ball and the oil are 7.86 and 0.88 g/mL, respectively. A skydiver will reach a terminal velocity when the air drag equals their wei... |
What is the adaptation that certain animals use to become less visible to predators and prey? | insulation | skeletons | speed | camouflage | Camouflage by the dead leaf mantis makes it less visible to both its predators and prey. If alarmed, it lies motionless on the rainforest floor of Madagascar, Africa, camouflaged among the actual dead leaves. It eats other animals up to the size of small lizards. |
What is another term for blood clotting? | differentiation | adulation | oxidation | coagulation | Positive Feedback Loop A positive feedback loop maintains the direction of the stimulus, possibly accelerating it. Few examples of positive feedback loops exist in animal bodies, but one is found in the cascade of chemical reactions that result in blood clotting, or coagulation. As one clotting factor is activated, it ... |
What do you call the study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other? | climatology | biology | biochemistry | ecology | Most biological sciences are specialized areas of study. Biology includes biochemistry, cell biology, microbiology, immunology, genetics, physiology, zoology, ecology, evolutionary biology, and botany. Biochemistry is the study of the chemicals that make up life. Cell biology is the study of life at the level of the ce... |
What phenomenon, which is most important in small populations, occurs because the alleles in an offspring generation are a random sample of the alleles in the parent generation? | genetic code | genetic DNA | genetic mutation | genetic drift | Genetic Drift Another way a population’s allele frequencies can change is genetic drift (Figure 11.7), which is simply the effect of chance. Genetic drift is most important in small populations. Drift would be completely absent in a population with infinite individuals, but, of course, no population is this large. Gene... |
What is the term for when an embryo fixes itself to the side of the uterus? | exploration | bacterial | parasite | implantation | Implantation occurs when the developing embryo fixes itself to the side of the uterus. |
When exposed to ultraviolet, some substances, such as minerals, glow in characteristic visible wavelengths, a process called this? | pigment | plasma | chemical reaction | fluorescence | When exposed to ultraviolet, some substances, such as minerals, glow in characteristic visible wavelengths, a process called fluorescence. So-called black lights emit ultraviolet to cause posters and clothing to fluoresce in the visible. Ultraviolet is also used in special microscopes to detect details smaller than tho... |
What disease occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated? | malnutrition | allergy | schizophrenia | cancer | Cancer is a disease that occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated. Cancer cells grow rapidly and may form a mass of abnormal cells called a tumor. |
What are the little sacs at the end of the bronchioles called? | ganglion | lung | respiratory sacs | alveoli | The bronchioles lead to the alveoli. Alveoli are the little sacs at the end of the bronchioles ( Figure below ). They look like little bunches of grapes. Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli. That means oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide moves out of the blood. The gases are exchanged between ... |
Circulating the air prevents ethylene from accumulating, and carbon dioxide inhibits synthesis of new what? | cellulose | alcohol | sulfur | ethylene | |
What is a fiber that is found only in mammals? | feathers | muscle | muscle | hair | Hair is a fiber that is found only in mammals. Its main component is keratin. A hair shaft consists of dead, keratin-filled cells that overlap each other like the shingles on a roof (see Figure below ). Like roof shingles, the overlapping cells help shed water from the hair. |
What type of plants does human welfare depend greatly on? | fertilizer plants | mosses | ferns | seed plants | 30.4 Human welfare depends greatly on seed plants. |
What are cells without a nucleus called? | crustal cells | Monocyte Cells | heterogeneous cells | prokaryotic cells | Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus. They are found in single-celled organisms. Eukaryotic cells are cells with a nucleus and other organelles. They are found mainly in multicellular organisms. |
The hypothalamus is actually part of the brain, but it also secretes what? | electrolytes | enzymes | acids | hormones | The hypothalamus is actually part of the brain, but it also secretes hormones. Some of its hormones go directly to the pituitary gland in the endocrine system. These hypothalamus hormones tell the pituitary to either secrete or stop secreting its hormones. In this way, the hypothalamus provides a link between the nervo... |
What disease characterized by the extreme swelling of the limbs is caused by infection with a type of roundworm? | fibrosis | pulmonary edema | gigantism | elephantiasis | Roundworms can be free-living organisms, but they are probably best known for their role as significant plant and animal parasites. Most Nematodes are parasitic, with over 16,000 parasitic species described. Heartworms, which cause serious disease in dogs while living in the heart and blood vessels, are a type of round... |
What is the study of water movement, including waves and ocean currents? | thermal oceanography | theoretical oceanography | experimental oceanography | physical oceanography | There are many branches of oceanography. Physical oceanography is the study of water movement, like waves and ocean currents. Physical oceanographers ask when or if a tsunami will hit a shoreline. Marine geologists look at rocks and structures in the ocean basins. These scientists ask how new ocean crust forms. Chemica... |
There are many types of asexual spores. conidiospores are unicellular or multicellular spores that are released directly from the tip or side of this? | goychay | ganglion | idioma | hypha | There are many types of asexual spores. Conidiospores are unicellular or multicellular spores that are released directly from the tip or side of the hypha. Other asexual spores originate in the fragmentation of a hypha to form single cells that are released as spores; some of these have a thick wall surrounding the fra... |
What are the hormones that cause a plant to grow? | pistills | sporozoans | pores | gibberellins | Gibberellins are hormones that cause the plant to grow. When gibberellins are applied to plants by scientists, the stems grow longer. Some gardeners or horticulture scientists add gibberellins to increase the growth of plants. Dwarf plants (small plants), on the other hand, have low levels of gibberellins ( Figure belo... |
What are the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms? | proteins | neutrons | lipids | cells | If you zoom in very close on a leaf of a plant, or on the skin on your hand, or a drop of blood, you will find cells, you will find cells ( Figure below ). Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Most cells are so small that they are usually visible only through a microscope. Some... |
A diagram in which the numerical values of variables are represented by the height or length of lines or rectangles of equal width is called? | circle graph | pie chart | venn diagram | bar graph | Bar graphs are especially useful for comparing values for different types of things. The bar graph in Figure below shows the number of vehicles of each type that passed the checkpoint. |
What opens two strands of dna? | chromosome | replication | adenylate | helicase | DNA replication. The two DNA strands are opened by helicase. The strands are held open by a single strand of binding proteins, preventing premature reannealing. Topoisomerase solves the problem caused by tension generated by winding/unwinding of DNA. This enzyme wraps around DNA and makes a cut permitting the helix to ... |
Vultures, raccoons and blowflies are examples of what? | consumer | producer | predator | scavengers | Scavengers consume the soft tissues of dead animals. Examples of scavengers include vultures, raccoons, and blowflies. |
What holds together adenine and thymine? | helium bonds | covalent bonds | potassium bonds | hydrogen bonds | The base-pairing nature of DNA. Adenine always pairs with thymine, and they are held together with two hydrogen bonds. The guanine-cytosine base pair is held together with three hydrogen bonds. Note that one sugar-phosphate backbone is in the 5’ → 3’ direction, with the other strand in the opposite 3’ → 5’ orientation.... |
Approximately 20% of the atmosphere is made of which element? | nitrogen | hydrogen | carbon | oxygen | Approximately 20% of the atmosphere is oxygen. This gas is essential for life. In environments where oxygen is in low supply, it can be provided from a tank. Since gases are very compressible, a large amount of oxygen can be stored in a relatively small container. When it is released, the volume expands and the pressur... |
Compound forms when atoms of nonmetals form molecules that are held together by what? | dissonance bonds | phenotype bonds | magnetic bonds | covalent bonds | Compound forms when atoms of nonmetals form molecules that are held together by covalent bonds. |
The bony socket that houses the eyeball and associated muscles is called? | acetabulum | cavity | glenoid fossa | orbit | The Orbit The orbit is the bony socket that houses the eyeball and contains the muscles that move the eyeball or open the upper eyelid. Each orbit is cone-shaped, with a narrow posterior region that widens toward the large anterior opening. To help protect the eye, the bony margins of the anterior opening are thickened... |
Humans cannot digest what primary structural material of plants, which is one of the most abundant organic substances on earth? | zinc | sulfur | carbonate | cellulose | Starches (a) and cellulose (b) differ in the connection between glucose units and the amount of branching in the molecule. Starches can be coiled or branched, whereas cellulose, the primary structural material of plants, has long, unbranched chains held together by hydrogen bonds. Cellulose is the primary structural ma... |
Myofibrils are long cylindrical structures that lie parallel to and run the entire length of what fibers? | heart muscle fibers | uplift muscle fibers | luminous muscle fibers | skeletal muscle fibers | Skeletal Muscle Fiber Structure and Function Each skeletal muscle fiber is a skeletal muscle cell. Within each muscle fiber are myofibrils, long cylindrical structures that lie parallel to the muscle fiber. Myofibrils run the entire length of the muscle fiber. They attach to the plasma membrane, called the sarcolemma, ... |
The inside of the small intestine has many folds, called villi. microvilli are lined with blood vessels as well as lymphatic vessels. the inside of the small intestine is called this? | osmotic | reticular | porous | lumen | The inside of the small intestine has many folds, called villi. Microvilli are lined with blood vessels as well as lymphatic vessels. The inside of the small intestine is called the lumen. Figure 34.19 Which of the following statements about digestive processes is true? a. Amylase, maltase and lactase in the mouth dige... |
What broad animal group is thought to have evolved from theropod dinosaurs around 150 million years ago? | reptiles | insects | mammals | birds | Birds are thought to have evolved from theropod dinosaurs around 150 million years ago. Their ancestor may have been similar to the extinct theropod Deinonychus, whose fossils convinced most scientists that birds evolved from dinosaurs. Scientist still don’t know how or why wings and flight evolved, but they continue t... |
What is the protein in red blood cells which transports oxygen around the body? | hematocrit | plasma | hydrogen | hemoglobin | What do you see when you look at this picture? Is it just a mass of tangled ribbons? Look closely. It’s actually a complex pattern of three-dimensional shapes. It represents the structure of a common chemical found inside living cells. The chemical is a protein called hemoglobin. It is the protein in red blood cells wh... |
Organs involved in digestion that do not have food pass through them are called? | bypass organs | vestigial organs | layer organs | accessory organs | Other organs involved in digestion include the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. They are called accessory organs because food does not pass through them. Instead, they secrete or store substances needed for digestion. |
At a synapse, what objects are released to carry a nerve impulse from one neuron to the next? | microorganisms | viruses | receptors | neurotransmitters | Laura Guerin. At a synapse, neurotransmitters are released to carry a nerve impulse from one neuron to the next . CC BY-NC 3.0. |
All cells have a jellylike substance in which subcellular components are suspended. what is that substance? | cortisol | glycerol | plasma | cytosol | |
In physics, when one subtracts the frictional force from the applied force what is the result? | kinetic force | rolled force | quarter force | net force | The net force is found by subtracting the frictional force from the applied force. |
What is the term for the force that brings objects toward the earth? | centrifugal | weight | light | gravity | |
Skyscrapers and other large structures built on soft ground must be anchored to what, located below the ground surface? | water table | ocean floor | groundwater | bedrock | Skyscrapers and other large structures built on soft ground must be anchored to bedrock. Sometimes the bedrock lies hundreds of meters below the ground surface. |
When your brain senses that your body temperature is increasing, it sends messages to the blood vessels in the skin to increase in what? | weight | surface | height | diameter | The cardiovascular system also plays a role in maintaining body temperature. It helps to keep you warm by moving warm blood around your body. Your blood vessels also control your body temperature to keep you from getting too hot or too cold. When your brain senses that your body temperature is increasing, it sends mess... |
Which fish has a round sucker used to suck the blood of other fish? | moray | shark | abalone | lamprey | Lampreys Lampreys lack scales but have fins and a partial backbone. Their mouth is surrounded by a large round sucker with teeth. They use the sucker to suck the blood of other fish. lampreys. |
What type of change is undergone when the physical properties of a substance are changed? | atmospheric | thermal | genetic | physical | Any time the physical properties of a substance are changed, we can say the substance has undergone a physical change . All substances undergo physical changes where there is a change in the form of the substance but not in its chemical composition. For instance, the grinding of granular sugar into powdered sugar is a ... |
Digestive enzymes are released, or secreted, by the organs of which body system? | endocrine system | nervous system | urinary system | digestive system | Digestive enzymes are released, or secreted, by the organs of the digestive system. These enzymes include proteases that digest proteins, and nucleases that digest nucleic acids. Examples of digestive enzymes are:. |
When water is aerated it can provide a plant's roots with what gas for cellular respiration? | carbon dioxide | nitrogen | carbon | oxygen | |
Calcium ion is an example of what kind of messenger? | first | third | fourth | second | Second Messengers Second messengers are small molecules that propagate a signal after it has been initiated by the binding of the signaling molecule to the receptor. These molecules help to spread a signal through the cytoplasm by altering the behavior of certain cellular proteins. Calcium ion is a widely used second m... |
Aspirin and ibuprofen reduce pain by inhibiting the synthesis of what? | hormones | triglycerides | lipids | prostaglandins | |
What unit do astronomers use to describe distances in space? | gravity years | quantum years | light months | light years | Astronomers use light years as the unit to describe distances in space. Remember that a light year is the distance light travels in one year. |
What is the process by which water moves through semi-permeable membranes from one part of the body to another? | mitosis | diffusion | electrolysis | osmosis | 26.1 | Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain the importance of water in the body • Contrast the composition of the intracellular fluid with that of the extracellular fluid • Explain the importance of protein channels in the movement of solutes • Identify the cause... |
What cells are the basis of nervous tissue? | osteoclasts | erythrocytes | lipocytes | neurons | Neurons Neurons are the cells considered to be the basis of nervous tissue. They are responsible for the electrical signals that communicate information about sensations, and that produce movements in response to those stimuli, along with inducing thought processes within the brain. An important part of the function of... |
Pure carbon can exist in different forms, depending on how its atoms are arranged. the forms include diamond, graphite, and what else? | ligands | calcites | lead | fullerenes | Pure carbon can exist in different forms, depending on how its atoms are arranged. The forms include diamond, graphite, and fullerenes. All three forms exist as crystals, but they have different structures. Their different structures, in turn, give them different properties. You can learn more about them in Table below... |
Which cavity, filled with lubricating serous fluid, lies between the epicardium and the pericardium? | thoracic cavity | cranial cavity | oral cavity | pericardial cavity | and is part of the heart wall. The pericardial cavity, filled with lubricating serous fluid, lies between the epicardium and the pericardium. In most organs within the body, visceral serous membranes such as the epicardium are microscopic. However, in the case of the heart, it is not a microscopic layer but rather a ma... |
Layers of what create a volcano? | crust | rock | limestone | lava | Magma beneath a volcano erupts onto the volcano’s surface. Layer upon layer of lava creates a volcano. |
In amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, blood flow is directed in two circuits: one through the lungs and back to the heart, which is called what? | metabolic circulation | systemic circulation | sensory circulation | pulmonary circulation | In amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, blood flow is directed in two circuits: one through the lungs and back to the heart, which is called pulmonary circulation, and the other throughout the rest of the body and its organs including the brain (systemic circulation). In amphibians, gas exchange also occurs throug... |
Non-human organisms that mainly consume plants/other primary producers are known as what? | omnivores | amphibians | carnivores | herbivores | |
In the microbiology lab, what technique refers to the procedures that are carried out under sterile conditions? | ionization | personal hygiene | experimental control | aseptic | In the microbiology lab, aseptic technique refers to the procedures that are carried out under sterile conditions. Scientists who study microbes are called microbiologists. Microbiologists must carry out their lab work using the aseptic technique to prevent microbial contamination of themselves, contamination of the en... |
Connecting a magnesium rod to an underground steel pipeline protects the pipeline from corrosion. because magnesium (e° = −2.37 v) is much more easily oxidized than iron (e° = −0.45 v), the mg rod acts as the anode in a what? | voltaic cell | anode cell | stimulation cell | galvanic cell | Connecting a magnesium rod to an underground steel pipeline protects the pipeline from corrosion. Because magnesium (E° = −2.37 V) is much more easily oxidized than iron (E° = −0.45 V), the Mg rod acts as the anode in a galvanic cell. The pipeline is therefore forced to act as the cathode at which oxygen is reduced. Th... |
Matrix is the term for the fluid-filled interior of what structure, where most of the cell’s atp is made? | enzyme | nucleus | Golgi apparatus | mitochondria | As the Figure below (a) and (b) shows, a mitochondrion has two phospholipids membranes. The smooth outer membrane separates the mitochondrion from the cytosol. The inner membrane has many folds, called cristae . These cristae greatly increase the membrane surface area for integral proteins. Many proteins involved in ce... |
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