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66f97d7fbb02136c067c56b2
Multi-Document QA
Financial
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Slagter, Michelle Grujin, Achim Himmelreich, Vito Labate, Bridget Blaize, Pallav Srivastava, Kristin E Morris, Rupali Chakraborty, Ashwani Kumar, Jaydeep Neogi and Manish Saha for their contributions to this research. About the ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Given the information presented in these studies, which of the following conclusions can be logically inferred? Choices: (A) The simultaneous rise in generic brand adoption among low-income consumers and the increase in luxury spending among high-income consumers reflects a ...
The simultaneous rise in generic brand adoption among low-income consumers and the increase in luxury spending among high-income consumers reflects a bifurcation in market dynamics, indicating that inflation disproportionately impacts lower-income demographics while higher-income groups adapt by redefining their spendi...
The observed increase in generic brand purchasing suggests that all consumer segments are equally struggling with inflation, as both low-income and high-income households are adjusting their behaviors in a similar manner.
The contrasting behaviors of consumers in both studies demonstrate that economic conditions are shaping divergent consumer segments, which can inform targeted policy responses to address the specific needs of lower-income households while recognizing the luxury sector's resilience.
The findings from both studies indicate a universal consumer sentiment that prioritizes budget-friendly options, which undermines the notion of consumer segmentation based on income levels and purchasing behavior during inflationary periods.
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A
rag
256
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66f3dd59821e116aacb2f6ba
Multi-Document QA
Governmental
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ères. L.R. (1985), ch. F-11, art. 91; 1991, ch. 24, art. 25 et 50(F). Exceptions Exceptions 92 (1) Sections 90 and 91 do not apply in respect of (a) the acquisition of shares or assets by way of securi- ty only, or the sale or other ...
What is the correct answer to this question: The “Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA)” and the “Financial Administration Act (FAA)” have distinct roles in managing national and international economic issues, but they both deal with complex interactions between government authority and private property rights. Consider...
SEMA would enable the government to freeze the assets under its sanctions framework, while the FAA would require a detailed legal process before any decision is made about whether the assets should be permanently seized and used by the government.
SEMA allows for freezing the assets as part of the sanctions process, while the FAA would require an assessment of the legal grounds for the potential forfeiture of these assets, ensuring compliance with Canadian law before any final decision is made.
SEMA allows the government to freeze the assets as part of a broader sanctions framework without immediate concern for forfeiture, whereas the FAA would require a legal process to determine whether the assets should be permanently seized and reallocated for public use.
The FAA would necessitate a legal review to determine whether the assets should be seized for governmental use, while SEMA would enable the freezing of the assets as part of a sanctions regime, delaying any immediate decision about forfeiture until further legal processes are complete.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f2a80d821e116aacb2a760
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> { "zhuang": "Yawj singz dingh geiq faenloih dazyinx, gij ranzyouq sanghbinj daenzcang hawsingz sam seiq sienq gemjnoix yienhda, aen seiqdaeuz ranzyouq hwnjgyaq aen hawsingz vunz caenx youq de ndaej daengz gaemhanh.", ...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a translation parallel corpus from Zhuang to Chinese, now translate the following words in Chinese into Zhuang: "勤俭", "金钱", "银行" Choices: (A) gaenxgiemh, cienzngaenz, ngaenzhangz (B) gaenxgiemh, cienzngaenz, ginhyungz (C) gaenxgiemh, swhyenz, ginhyungz (D) nwng...
gaenxgiemh, cienzngaenz, ngaenzhangz
gaenxgiemh, cienzngaenz, ginhyungz
gaenxgiemh, swhyenz, ginhyungz
nwngzyenz, cienzngaenz, ginhyungz
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A
rag
256
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66ee3c6d821e116aacb20f6f
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> pread-function engineering26, SRDTrans is expected to offer great help by resolving single-molecule-emission patterns from low-SNR images. Applying SRDTrans to two-photon volumetric calcium imaging In multiphoton imaging, the volu...
What is the correct answer to this question: When it comes to large-scale volumetric calcium imaging, which statement is true? Choices: (A) SRDTrans focus on handling both spatial redundancy, while the self-inspired model focuses exclusively on time-lapse temporal data. (B) The SRDTrans model lacks dynamic training dat...
SRDTrans focus on handling both spatial redundancy, while the self-inspired model focuses exclusively on time-lapse temporal data.
The SRDTrans model lacks dynamic training data, limiting its performance in low frame rate situations.
SRDTrans utilizes a temporal sampling technique that is more computationally efficient.
The self-inspired learning model requires fewer network parameters and can therefore generalize better than SRDTrans.
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B
rag
256
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6725d898bb02136c067d82d6
Long In-context Learning
Many-shot learning
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> \n(C) adp\n(D) aax" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "B" } ], [ { "role": "user", "content": "Document: entity0 Malfunkshun : The Andrew Woo...
What is the correct answer to this question: Document: entity0 Break the Silence is the fourth studio album by the entity1 German a cappella metal band entity2 van Canto , released on entity3 23 September 2011 . It reached number 23 in the entity1 German charts . It features entity4 13 tracks , entity5 five of them be...
abk
abp
adp
aay
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B
rag
256
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66f3c1c3821e116aacb2eaf6
Multi-Document QA
Governmental
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> , and expectations as well as security in job, basic human needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary-level governments. (2) Refini...
What is the correct answer to this question: What is the difference in the focus of the two departments in terms of creating high-quality cases? Choices: (A) The Nanjing Maritime Court has won praise for improving the accuracy of case handling by formulating normative guidelines; The Guangzhou Maritime Court cited the ...
The Nanjing Maritime Court has won praise for improving the accuracy of case handling by formulating normative guidelines; The Guangzhou Maritime Court cited the results to explain.
The Nanjing Maritime Court has won the trust of the international community in China's maritime justice with its professional judicial ability; The Guangzhou Maritime Court illustrates the results of its work through data.
The Nanjing Maritime Court promotes the quality of law enforcement and case handling through fair and efficient trial of cases; The Guangzhou Maritime Court illustrates its work results by listing its achievements.
Nanjing Maritime Court adheres to the strategy of high-quality trials; The Guangzhou Maritime Court cited the results of high-quality cases.
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A
rag
256
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66ed364d821e116aacb1f47e
Multi-Document QA
Academic
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> i.e., 𝜂= 1 𝑇, where 𝑇is the length of video, and the maximum probability of the annotated frame 𝐴is 1, the probability of the frame 𝑥being the action frame is calculated by 𝑃𝑓 𝑡(𝑥) = ( 1 𝐷( 𝑥(1−𝜂) 𝐴 + 𝜂), 0 ≤𝑥≤𝐴 1 𝐷...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which article dynamically models the temporal sequence of single-frame distribution functions and differs from other articles? Choices: (A) Point-Supervised Video Temporal Grounding (B) Probability Distribution Based Frame-supervised Language-driven Action Localization (C) M...
Point-Supervised Video Temporal Grounding
Probability Distribution Based Frame-supervised Language-driven Action Localization
Mm - 2024 - Explicit Granularity and Implicit Scale Correspond.pdf
D3G: Exploring Gaussian Prior for Temporal Sentence Grounding with Glance Annotation
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D
rag
256
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66efc5e3821e116aacb23df1
Single-Document QA
Financial
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> the facts stated and the opinions expressed herein are fair and accurate in all material respects as of the date hereof and there are no material facts the omission of which would make any statements in this Prospectus misleading an...
What is the correct answer to this question: According to the report, which of the following statements about the UNI-ASIA finance corporation is true? Choices: (A) The gross dividend amount of FY2006 is US$280 higher than that of FY2005. (B) The Group’s share of profit from associates after tax in FY2005 is US$5 milli...
The gross dividend amount of FY2006 is US$280 higher than that of FY2005.
The Group’s share of profit from associates after tax in FY2005 is US$5 million higher than that of FY2004.
As at the Latest Practicable Date of the prospectus,the prevailing corporate tax rate of Singapore is the lowest among the jurisdictions in which the firm’s Group operates.
The dividend per share for the years ended 2004 is 0.02 dollars higher than that for the years ended 2003.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f2b546821e116aacb2b152
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> back to a plural word: Neri arw¨ e collo, “men possessing a cloak”, Naucor arw¨ e harmaron “Dwarves possessing treasures”, arani arw¨ e ohtarion “kings in control of warriors”. Exercises 1. Translate into English: A. I n´ er ´ an¨ e...
What is the correct answer to this question: How to translate the following Quenya sentence into English: I Nauco uva anta ninque mama i Atanin ? Choices: (A) The Dwarf didn't give a white sheep to the Man. (B) The Dwarf gives a yellow horse to the Man. (C) The Dwarf will not give a white sheep to the Man. (D) The Dwar...
The Dwarf didn't give a white sheep to the Man.
The Dwarf gives a yellow horse to the Man.
The Dwarf will not give a white sheep to the Man.
The Dwarf didn't give a yellow horse to the Man.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f2b11c821e116aacb2aeb6
Single-Document QA
Governmental
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 2007 onwards3. 1 More details on the survey design, method and fieldwork are covered in “Chapter 13: Survey Methodology”. 2 Data collection for the “Health Examination” component requires a longer time duration for comp...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the 2023 National Population Health Survey, multiple factors affecting public health are examined, including physical activity levels and alcohol consumption patterns. Given the complex relationship between lifestyle behaviors and societal expectations, what is the most s...
The psychological association between physical activity and alcohol consumption as rewards for enduring the stress of daily life creates conflicting motivations.
The tendency to treat both physical activity and alcohol consumption as outlets for stress management makes it harder for middle-aged adults to balance these behaviors consistently.
Viewing physical activity and alcohol consumption as coping mechanisms for work-related stress leads to a cycle where neither behavior is fully moderated.
The use of physical activity and social drinking as simultaneous methods for stress relief creates a dilemma, making it difficult for middle-aged adults to prioritize one healthy behavior over the other.
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
671b2c67bb02136c067d50f7
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Agent history QA
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]\nYou contributed:" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "{\"tokens_contributed\": \"2\"}" }, { "role": "user", "content": "Tokens in the ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which player contributed the second most tokens in the game? Choices: (A) player_3 (B) player_5 (C) player_7 (D) player_9
player_3
player_5
player_7
player_9
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fa0d88bb02136c067c5a8a
Multi-Document QA
Financial
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> • N E T W O R K O F A F R I C A N S C I E N C E A C A D E M I E S • the interacademy partnership SCIENCE HEALTH RESEARCH ix Decarbonisation of Transport in Africa: Opportunities, Challenges and Policy Options Globally, tr...
What is the correct answer to this question: A developing African nation, rich in fossil fuel resources and dependent on their export for over 60% of its GDP, aims to meet its 2050 carbon-neutrality pledge. The country faces significant challenges, including limited fiscal space, an underdeveloped transport infrastruct...
Leverage fossil fuel revenues to build renewable energy infrastructure rapidly while using CCS to decarbonise fossil fuel power plants and heavy industries. Simultaneously, impose stringent emissions standards and tariffs on imported fossil-fuel-powered vehicles to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Re...
Use international climate finance to fund the broad implementation of CCS across the energy and transportation sectors, with priority on capturing emissions from road and rail transport. Simultaneously, implement a gradual phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies and allocate those savings to workforce retraining programs th...
Invest heavily in CCS for the energy and industrial sectors to capture emissions from fossil fuel production and power generation, while delaying the full electrification of the transport sector until renewable energy capacity and grid stability are improved. In parallel, use fossil fuel revenues to establish a soverei...
Establish a comprehensive green bond initiative, leveraging international capital markets to fund both large-scale CCS and public transport electrification projects. Focus on developing CCS primarily for the industrial sector (cement, steel, and chemicals) while incentivising private sector investment in electric vehic...
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec356a821e116aacb1c22b
Multi-Document QA
Legal
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> to what was said and what was done. It is contradicted by other evidence as to the condition of both parties, and rendered of no weight by the testimony of his wife that when Lucy left the restaurant she suggested that Zehmer drive ...
What is the correct answer to this question: What do these two cases have in common? Choices: (A) The truthfulness of the parties' intent in entering into the contract is of paramount importance. (B) The defaulting party's reasons for refusing to honor the agreement are all that the other party's offer was too low. (C)...
The truthfulness of the parties' intent in entering into the contract is of paramount importance.
The defaulting party's reasons for refusing to honor the agreement are all that the other party's offer was too low.
The basic terms of the main agreement are defined.
The court upheld all of the plaintiff's claims.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
672861afbb02136c067d90d8
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> value": "2008/1/1"}], "number of matches played/races/starts": [{"type": "quantity", "value": 18, "unit": "1"}], "end time": [{"type": "date", "value": "2008/1/1"}], "number of points/goals/set scored": [{"type": "quantity", "value":...
What is the correct answer to this question: How many matches has Q439302 played as a member of Q18521? Choices: (A) 14 (B) 19 (C) 15 (D) 65
14
19
15
65
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66eb873c5a08c7b9b35dd849
Multi-Document QA
Legal
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Whoever sets up a commercial bank or any other financial institution without the People's Bank of China's permission shall be sentenced to not more than three years in prison or criminal detention. He or she shall be fined, additiona...
What is the correct answer to this question: From August 1996 to March 1998, a credit officer named Zhang from a town credit cooperative took advantage of handling deposit business and issuing loans. He used the method of issuing formal deposit receipts without bookkeeping and attracted others to deposit money by offer...
Zhang violated: (1) The crime of violating stipulations to issue for others letters of credit; (2) The crime of misappropriate units' funds. It falls under imagined concurrence. The final charge should be the crime of misappropriate units' funds
Zhang violated: (1) The crime of illegal granting of loans using customers' funds; (2) The crime of misappropriate units' funds. It falls under statutory concurrence. The final charge should be the crime of illegal granting of loans using customers' funds.
Zhang violated: (1) The crime of illegal granting of loans using customers' funds; (2) The crime of violating stipulations to issue for others letters of credit. It falls under statutory concurrence. The final charge should be the crime of illegal granting of loans using customers' funds.
Zhang violated: (1) The crime of illegal granting of loans using customers' funds; (2) The crime of misappropriate units' funds. It falls under imagined concurrence. The final charge should be the crime of misappropriate units' funds.
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ebd2475a08c7b9b35e0155
Single-Document QA
Literary
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> earliest impressions. That, and a sense that we were both a little afraid of Peggotty, and submitted ourselves in most things to her direction, were among the first opinions—if they may be so called—that I ever derived from what I s...
What is the correct answer to this question: Of these, which happens first? Choices: (A) David meets Mr Micawber (B) David's little brother dies (C) David sells his waistcoat for ninepence (D) David meets Steerforth and Traddles
David meets Mr Micawber
David's little brother dies
David sells his waistcoat for ninepence
David meets Steerforth and Traddles
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D
rag
256
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66fa8ccdbb02136c067c6fa7
Long Structured Data Understanding
Table QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 213.500,11.200,12.500,"Cradle to gate",,,"http://people.bath.ac.uk/cj219/" "Aluminium","General","Average",155.000,8.236,9.160,"Cradle to gate","Assumed (UK) ratio of 25.6% extrusions, 55.7% Rolled and 18.7% castings. Worldwide avera...
What is the correct answer to this question: For the "Hippie Jam Fest 2005" event mentioned in the document, if the type of asphalt (Asphalt) with 4% binder content is used for road paving, how many kilograms of asphalt are needed per square meter, assuming that the density of asphalt is 2400 kilograms per cubic meter?...
86kg
96kg
104kg
110kg
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ee4287821e116aacb21258
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> FP16 Acceleration in Structured Multigrid Preconditioner for ABSTRACT Half-precision hardware support is now almost ubiquitous. In con- trast to its active use in AI, half-precision is less commonly em- ployed in scientific and engin...
What is the correct answer to this question: These two articles both focused on mix-precision acceleration, especially involving FP16, in multigrid preconditioners. What are the differences between them? Choices: (A) They use the same techniques, such as the scaling and solving methods, to apply FP16 in multigrid preco...
They use the same techniques, such as the scaling and solving methods, to apply FP16 in multigrid preconditioner. However, their evaluations were on different architectures with different implementations. The performance speedups of the work on CPU were more prominent than the work on GPU. But the conclusions were univ...
Their scaling methods were different. The article "Three-precision algebraic multigrid on GPUs" showed the design and implementation of unstructured AMG for GPU. The guidelines and algorithms proposed in the other article were also applicable in unstructured scenarios and on GPU, but the evaluations were based on struc...
They are based on different types of multigrids. The article "Three-precision algebraic multigrid on GPUs" focused on unstructured AMG that is suitable for general problems. Still, it did not discuss details about its implementations, such as where the scaling is located in the whole multigrid procedure. The other arti...
They were on different hardware platforms, and had different software designs for multigrid algorithms. The article "Three-precision algebraic multigrid on GPUs" focused on unstructured multigrid on GPU, while the other article only showed algorithms, experiments and discussions on structured-specific multigrid on CPU....
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f19f04821e116aacb27bab
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Introduction 1 Safety notes 2 Description 3 Functions 4 Mounting and dismantling 5 Connecting 6 Parameter setting 7 Planning/configuring 8 Maintenance and service 9 Messages and diagnostics 10 Technical data 11 Dimensional drawings 1...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following is incorrect according to the handbook? Choices: (A) When the contactor opens and the device stops working, I should check the ER LED for error messages. Such thing may happen when the current is below a set lower limit. (B) Whether I want to mount the...
When the contactor opens and the device stops working, I should check the ER LED for error messages. Such thing may happen when the current is below a set lower limit.
Whether I want to mount the load feeder of size S0 for direct or reversing starting, I should lock the 3RC7 ILM on the contactor by pulling the locking slide downwards.
A DIN rail adapter is a must if I mount size S0 load feeders for reversing starting. The DIN adapter is mounted in the same way as the motor starter protector.
If I only have 3RC7 ILM Power Cable, I must install the 3RA8 ILF device group side by side with a maximum distance of 4.5 centimeters.
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec41d3821e116aacb1c874
Single-Document QA
Governmental
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> � act on the guidelines of the Central Economic Work Conference;  make solid progress in advancing Chinese modernization;  act on the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;  fully and faithfully ap...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following suggestions for the new year's initiatives is correct? Choices: (A) Ensure the looseness and progressiveness of policies, and strengthen the coordination and cooperation of various policies. (B) Support and highlight the dominant position of enterprise...
Ensure the looseness and progressiveness of policies, and strengthen the coordination and cooperation of various policies.
Support and highlight the dominant position of enterprises in production, and increase the cultivation of technical production talents.
Promote the growth of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level.
On the basis of a comprehensive and scientific summary of epidemic prevention and control work, we should do a more scientific, accurate, and efficient job in prevention and control.
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D
rag
256
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66f55828821e116aacb3363e
Multi-Document QA
Governmental
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Canada et menées que par le procureur général du Canada ou en son nom. L.R. (1985), ch. G-3, art. 3; 1990, ch. 14, art. 2; 2007, ch. 26, art. 2; 2019, ch. 15, art. 57. PART II PARTIE II Legal Proceedings in Respect of Protected Pers...
What is the correct answer to this question: Imagine a scenario in which a high-ranking officer in the Canadian Forces detains several individuals during an international armed conflict. Some detainees claim prisoner-of-war (POW) status under the “Geneva Conventions Act”, while others contest their classification based...
The Geneva Conventions Act grants initial POW protections, but the tribunal’s determination under the Prisoner-of-War Status Determination Regulations will take precedence. Procedural errors during detention will likely not affect the tribunal’s final decision unless they directly compromise the fairness of the review.
POW protections under the Geneva Conventions Act are granted at the start, but the tribunal established under the Prisoner-of-War Status Determination Regulations will make the final ruling. Minor procedural issues won’t invalidate the tribunal’s ruling unless they affect the impartiality of the process.
Under the Geneva Conventions Act, detainees receive initial POW protections, but the tribunal process governed by the Prisoner-of-War Status Determination Regulations is authoritative. Procedural mistakes may not impact the tribunal’s final decision unless they undermine the fairness of the proceedings.
The Geneva Conventions Act grants initial POW protections, but the tribunal’s determination under the Prisoner-of-War Status Determination Regulations holds authority in validating or overturning POW status claims. Procedural errors are unlikely to change the tribunal’s final ruling unless they directly affect the fair...
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6725da56bb02136c067d841b
Long In-context Learning
Many-shot learning
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ], [ { "role": "user", "content": "Document: As of 692\u2014after Wu Zetian had seized the throne from her son Emperor Ruizong in 690 and taken the throne herself, establishing Zhou and interrupti...
What is the correct answer to this question: Document: Margareta Slots or Margareta Cabiljau ( died 1669 ) was the royal mistress of king Gustav II Adolf of Sweden and the mother of his illegitimate son Gustav of Vasaborg . \n\nQuestion: Only considering the given document, what is the entity type of Margareta Slots? C...
abu
abp
abk
abe
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f3918f821e116aacb2d8b7
Single-Document QA
Financial
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> for flowers, Owades and her two key associates, Fran Wilson and Ann Lee, were reassessing the firm’s long-term growth strategy. Was Calyx & Corolla more a mail order operation or should it compete directly against more traditional ...
What is the correct answer to this question: In Calyx & Corolla's customer base, which demographic is underestimated and could lead to greater success for the company in the future? Choices: (A) High-income women aged 30-55 - Large size, strong growth potential, high purchasing power, and aligns well with Calyx & Coro...
High-income women aged 30-55 - Large size, strong growth potential, high purchasing power, and aligns well with Calyx & Corolla's strengths
Teenagers and college students - Small size, low purchasing power
Small local businesses - Moderate size, stable growth, moderate purchasing power, requires strong local relationships
Individuals who typically shop at floral boutiques or similar retailers
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ebd3ba5a08c7b9b35e0446
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> nowledgement - We thank the authors of the [original paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.04400) for their great work! Special thanks to Kai Zhang and Yicong Hong for assistance during the reproduction. - This project is supported by S...
What is the correct answer to this question: The Instant3D paper introduced significant innovations in accelerating 3D object generation by reducing the computational complexity typically seen in traditional 3D modeling methods. In contrast, OpenLRM adopts a large-scale reconstruction approach that leverages hybrid dat...
In the repo, OpenLRM’s reliance on large datasets like Objaverse and MVImgNet introduces challenges in balancing reconstruction fidelity with computational efficiency, particularly when scaling to more complex scenes compared to the more efficient architecture of Instant3D, which is optimized for real-time applications...
From the python files, we can see that while Instant3D focuses heavily on computational efficiency for rapid object generation in real-time, OpenLRM’s large-scale reconstruction model prioritizes generalization across various 3D environments. However, the hybrid datasets, Objaverse and MVImgNet, introduce issues with...
In the core openlrm package, we see that OpenLRM’s approach focuses on generating high-fidelity 3D reconstructions using hybrid datasets, which can be computationally demanding. However, unlike Instant3D’s optimization for speed and lower resource usage, OpenLRM faces challenges in optimizing its memory consumption and...
We can note from the codebase that the architectural difference between OpenLRM and Instant3D lies in their treatment of real-time constraints and scalability. OpenLRM is designed to reconstruct larger scenes and complex objects, which Instant3D resolves by focusing more narrowly on specific object categories and reduc...
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A
rag
256
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66fa2734bb02136c067c627a
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> = url_parts.path or "" return Channel( scheme=scheme, auth=auth, location=location, token=token, name=name.strip("/"), ) ...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the urls method of the Channel class, what does not determine the final URL list that is returned when both credentials and subdirs are provided? Choices: (A) Handling of subdirs: If subdirs is not provided (i.e., None), the method assigns it the default value of **[./]**...
Handling of subdirs: If subdirs is not provided (i.e., None), the method assigns it the default value of **[./]**, ensuring a default list of subdirectories is used.
Unknown Channel Handling: If the channel’s canonical name is UNKNOWN_CHANNEL, the method calls the urls method of the DEFAULTS_CHANNEL_NAME and does not proceed further with the current logic.
with_credentials Option: When the with_credentials argument is True, the URL will contain the authentication token and, if available, the user authentication details (self.auth) are added to the base URL.
Platform Yielding: If self.platform is defined and not equal to "noarch", the method yields both self.platform and "noarch" as platform subdirectories. Otherwise, it yields the provided subdirs.
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A
rag
256
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66f950acbb02136c067c5021
Single-Document QA
Governmental
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> beneficiaries per dollar of gov- ernment spending on the policy. Equivalently, the MVPF mea- sures the shadow price of raising revenue from the beneficiaries of the policy by reducing spending on the policy. For point of refer- ence, ...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the context of the MVPF (Marginal Value of Public Funds) framework, which of the following is the primary reason that an MVPF value might exceed 1 for a government policy targeting in-kind transfers, despite behavioral responses that reduce labor supply? Choices: (A) The ...
The policy increases the recipients' willingness to pay due to consumption-smoothing benefits provided by the in-kind transfers, thereby enhancing their welfare more than the cost to the government.
The policy generates substantial positive fiscal externalities, such as increased long-term tax revenues from individuals whose earnings were boosted by the in-kind transfers.
The MVPF calculation reflects a situation where the marginal cost of the in-kind transfers is underestimated, leading to artificially high welfare estimates due to incomplete cost-benefit accounting.
The marginal excess burden of taxation used to fund the policy is higher than the policy’s actual implementation cost, which leads to an inflated MVPF value.
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A
rag
256
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671a4444bb02136c067d4a40
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Dialogue history QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> { "question_id": "0bc8ad92", "question_type": "temporal-reasoning", "question": "", "answer": "", "question_date": "2023/03/25 (Sat) 17:18", "haystack_dates": [ "2022/10/01 (Sat) 10:01", "2022/...
What is the correct answer to this question: When will the user turn forty? Choices: (A) 3 years later (B) 5 years later (C) 7 years later (D) 10 years later
3 years later
5 years later
7 years later
10 years later
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
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6703f57bbb02136c067cd714
Single-Document QA
Governmental
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> U and APS5 (2015 and 2040) APS = Alternative Policy Scenario, BAU = Business-As-Usual, Mt-C = million tons of carbon. Source: Model results. 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Million Tons of Carbon BAU 2015 2040 ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Based on the energy outlook and policy scenarios presented in the report, which of the following statements best represents the projected impact of implementing the Alternative Policy Scenario (APS) compared to the Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario on Malaysia's energy consum...
The APS will result in a 15.9% decrease in primary energy consumption and a 22.3% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to the BAU scenario.
The APS will lead to a 27.53 Mtoe increase in primary energy consumption, but will have no effect on CO2 emissions.
The implementation of the APS will have no significant impact on primary energy consumption or CO2 emissions compared to the BAU scenario.
The APS is projected to slow the growth of primary energy consumption to a 2.9% annual increase and reduce CO2 emissions by 22.3% compared to the BAU scenario.
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D
rag
256
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66ed211f821e116aacb1ee0d
Single-Document QA
Literary
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Holy Sacrament,’ and shouting the names of Jesus and Mary. The uprising was put down with ruthless cruelty, and the Tokugawa Bakufu, convinced that such a rebellion could only have been possible with help from outside, decided once ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Why did priest Rodrigues 's faith waver and he finally chose to trample on the icon? Choices: (A) Because he thought that trampling the icons would stop the believers from being tortured (B) Because he felt that saving the lives of believers was the best practice of Christ's...
Because he thought that trampling the icons would stop the believers from being tortured
Because he felt that saving the lives of believers was the best practice of Christ's concept of "love"
Because the omnipotent and benevolent God has no response to the suffering of believers
Because he believed that the icon was just an external form, not the essence of Christ
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C
rag
256
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66fcfd6fbb02136c067c9454
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ] [Mbaham-Iha ] [Timor-Alor-Pantar [Bunaq] [East Timor] [Alor-Pantar] ] ] Genealogical classification of Kalamang This study In this section, I explain the design of this study. This includes information on myself, the goals of the p...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a grammar book of Kalamang language, now translate the following Kalamang sentence into English: Rustam mu kokok iriskapten me reidak. Choices: (A) Rustam has raised many little chickens. (B) Rustam has many chickens, and his family has white ones. (C) Rustam's...
Rustam has raised many little chickens.
Rustam has many chickens, and his family has white ones.
Rustam's family keeps several little chickens.
Rustam and his family have many white chickens.
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D
rag
256
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66ed4274821e116aacb1f8f1
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ...................... 47 7.3 A fully succinct version of Protocol 2 .................................. 51 2 1 Introduction Succinct verification of computation is a notion that has been extensively studied in the classical setting...
What is the correct answer to this question: In 2404.19574, the paper divided the construction of the succinct argument into four steps. In one step, the main technique comes from 2022-857. Which step is that? Choices: (A) Multi-prover proof system for QMA with long questions and answers (B) Reduce the question size (C...
Multi-prover proof system for QMA with long questions and answers
Reduce the question size
Compile multi-prover proof system into single-prover argument system
Reduce answer size using generic compiler
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D
rag
256
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66f299b3821e116aacb29cfa
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> {"zhuang_word": "caujgoj", "zh_meanings": ["草果"], "source": "https://zha_zho.en-academic.com/2531", "zh_meanings_full": ["(【见】 makhaeuq) 草果 [大如拇指, 椭圆形, 干后皮皱, 味香, 可作药和调味]"]} {"zhuang_word": "caujmauh", "zh_meanings": ["草帽"], "source":...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a translation textbook from Zhuang to Chinese, now translate the following sentence in Zhuang into Chinese: "Vangz Vwnzsiu youq ndaw ngoenzgeiq sij naeuz: Moix ngoenz cungj dwgrengz dangqmaz, hoeng ndaw sim gig vaiqlag." Choices: (A) 黄文秀在日记中写到:虽然每天很辛苦,但内心并不快乐。 ...
黄文秀在日记中写到:虽然每天很辛苦,但内心并不快乐。
黄文秀在日记中写到:每天都很辛苦,但心里很快乐。
黄文秀在日记中写到:生活轻松愉快,心情总是很好。
黄文秀在日记中写到:工作很辛苦,但希望将来能更快乐。
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B
rag
256
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6724c83fbb02136c067d7962
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Q11366"]}, "Q170790": {"name": "mathematician", "subclassOf": ["Q901"]}, "Q727928": {"name": "Asian American", "subclassOf": ["Q28790362"]}, "Q170611": {"name": "techno", "subclassOf": ["Q851213"]}, "Q851213": {"name": "electronic da...
What is the correct answer to this question: Of all the animes that have less than 10 seasons, which has the highest number of episodes? Choices: (A) Q236728 (B) Q696236 (C) Q1143644 (D) Q428130
Q236728
Q696236
Q1143644
Q428130
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D
rag
256
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66faac15bb02136c067c73f3
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Xiv:2302.02662 (2023). [5] Israel Cohen, Yiteng Huang, Jingdong Chen, Jacob Benesty, Jacob Benesty, Jing- dong Chen, Yiteng Huang, and Israel Cohen. 2009. Pearson correlation coefficient. Noise reduction in speech processing (2009), ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Regarding the comparison between these two articles, which of the following is correct? Choices: (A) Both AndroidArena and B-moca have designed two types of tasks: single app tasks and multi app tasks. AndroidArena also includes tasks that restrict the use of a specific app....
Both AndroidArena and B-moca have designed two types of tasks: single app tasks and multi app tasks. AndroidArena also includes tasks that restrict the use of a specific app.
The testing method designed by B-moca is universal for text models, multimodal models, and video models, while Android Arena uses Deep-Q learning to train agents, which can be easily extended to multimodal models, although this article does not cover this aspect.
AndroidArena's test standards focus on operation sequences, while B-moca focuses on execution results on the simulator. Specifically, the Task Reward of AndroidArena calculates the LCS between the standard answer and the model operation sequence, and adds them up weighted.
Both AndroidArena and B-moca need to use real Android machines for testing.
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C
rag
256
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671b530dbb02136c067d5454
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Dialogue history QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> { "question_id": "2788b940", "question_type": "multi-session", "question": "", "answer": "", "question_date": "2023/05/30 (Tue) 20:00", "haystack_dates": [ "2023/05/20 (Sat) 07:22", "2023/05/20...
What is the correct answer to this question: How many days a week does the user have to attend classes? Choices: (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
2
3
4
5
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D
rag
256
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66f53ab2821e116aacb33299
Multi-Document QA
Financial
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 11.0 billion during 2023 compared to 2022. The weakness in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar accounted for more than the entire year-over-year decrease in total net sales, which consisted primarily of lower net sales of ...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the financial reports of Apple Inc. and Samsung Electronics for the years 2022 and 2023, which company has a higher percentage of revenue derived from the product category of phones, and in what range do the differences in this dependency between the two companies in the ...
Apple, 10% to 15%
Samsung, 10% to 15%
Apple, 5% to 10%
Samsung, 5% to 10%
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A
rag
256
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670fb6a3bb02136c067d2b94
Single-Document QA
Detective
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> . We were just discussing it... Doctor, please." The man in a white coat stepped forward. While Shirato gave off a warm, round impression, this doctor had a square silhouette from his physique to his shoulders. Speaking in a stiff t...
What is the correct answer to this question: Please try to deduce the true story based on the evidence currently known. In your deduction, what did the killer move or take from the victim's body? Choices: (A) Keyring and DVD (B) DVD and Napkin (C) Keyring and Phone (D) Wallet and DVD
Keyring and DVD
DVD and Napkin
Keyring and Phone
Wallet and DVD
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A
rag
256
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66f53892821e116aacb33225
Single-Document QA
Academic
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> � x. The higher the n is, the more the metric is able to capture word order, but it also becomes more restrictive and constrained to the exact form of the reference. Formally, let Sn x and Sn ˆ x be the lists of token n-grams (n ∈Z+)...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following methods is used in this article to calculate the precision similarity of two documents? Choices: (A) After converting the document content to bert embedding, calculate the n-grams that occur in the reference and candidate (B) For each word in the gener...
After converting the document content to bert embedding, calculate the n-grams that occur in the reference and candidate
For each word in the generated text, select the word in the reference text that is most similar to it, and calculate the maximum cosine similarity of the BERT hidden layer representation
For each word in the reference text, select the word in the generated text that is most similar to it, and calculate the maximum cosine similarity of the BERT hidden layer representation
The evaluation of the generated text is regarded as a text generation task, and unsupervised learning is used to evaluate different aspects of the generated text (e.g. informativeness, fluency, or factuality)
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B
rag
256
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66f1cd02821e116aacb27d3f
Single-Document QA
Literary
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> sight of thirty or forty windmills that there are on that plain, and as soon as Don Quixote saw them he said to his squire, “Fortune is arranging matters for us better than we could have shaped our desires ourselves, for look there,...
What is the correct answer to this question: Who ate dinner after Don Quixote's fight with the giants/windmills? Choices: (A) Don Quixote (B) Sancho (C) Both (D) None of the above
Don Quixote
Sancho
Both
None of the above
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B
rag
256
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66f3d2fc821e116aacb2f269
Single-Document QA
Financial
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> U NI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N T Investment facilitation and digital government 2024 World investment report 2024 World investment report U NI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Considering the complex interplay of foreign direct investment (FDI) trends, geopolitical factors, and sustainable development goals (SDGs) as highlighted in the 2024 World Investment Report, which of the following scenarios presents the most intricate challenge to achieving...
The simultaneous rise in interest rates across multiple major economies, leading to capital flight from developing markets while inflating costs for sustainable projects due to increased financing conditions.
The proliferation of international investment agreements (IIAs) that prioritize investor rights over regulatory sovereignty, potentially leading to a race to the bottom in environmental and social standards among developing nations.
The integration of digital governance mechanisms that, while enhancing transparency, inadvertently expose developing economies to increased volatility from global financial markets and speculative investments.
The shift in global supply chains due to heightened geopolitical tensions, resulting in the reallocation of FDI away from developing countries toward more stable and developed economies, thereby diminishing local capacities to meet SDGs.
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B
rag
256
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66fa542bbb02136c067c686d
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> (pytorch_root, "aten/src/ATen/templates") def make_file_manager(install_dir: str) -> FileManager: return FileManager( install_dir=install_dir, template_dir=template_dir, dry_run=dry_run ) fm = ma...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the FileManager class, which of the following wrongly describes the purpose of the write_with_template method, and how it handles file writing while ensuring template substitution? Choices: (A) Template Substitution Handling: The write_with_template method calls substitut...
Template Substitution Handling: The write_with_template method calls substitute_with_template to replace patterns in the template file using only the dictionary. The result is then written to the file only if dry_run is False.
Duplicate File Write Prevention: The write_with_template method maintains a set called filenames that tracks written files. It raises an assertion error if the same file is attempted to be written again within the same execution.
File Writing if Contents Changed: The _write_if_changed method checks if the contents of a file have changed by comparing them with the new contents. If they differ, it overwrites the file, ensuring only modified files are rewritten.
Generated Comment Insertion: When the env_callable returns a dictionary, the substitute_with_template method checks if the key generated_comment exists. If it does not, it creates one using the generator path and the template filename. This is added to the dictionary before substitution.
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A
rag
256
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66f6b623bb02136c067c2646
Multi-Document QA
Multi-news
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ] Robert Phang, a member of the MACC advisory board, suggested that "Though the royal commission's scope is wide, it can be opened up further to dig deeper into issues not cleared by the inquest," such as establishing a reason for Te...
What is the correct answer to this question: What was the primary cause of Teoh Beng Hock's death, according to the initial investigations? Choices: (A) Accidental fall from a building (B) Homicide by unknown assailants (C) Suicide due to stress from interrogation (D) Natural causes unrelated to interrogation
Accidental fall from a building
Homicide by unknown assailants
Suicide due to stress from interrogation
Natural causes unrelated to interrogation
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
670765abbb02136c067d06b4
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> "zhuang": "Haeujcoengh nungzminzgungh daengj youq hawsingz cawx ranz, daezsang aen beijlaeh gaijcauh ranzdiengz yungh cienz anceiq, fangzdicanj gemj daenzcang aeu ndaej cingzyauq ndei.", "zh": "支持农民工在城镇购房,提高棚改货币化安置比例,房地产去库存取...
What is the correct answer to this question: Read the above materials on Zhuang language, and choose the most accurate translation of the following Zhuang sentence: Gou seng youq it gouj bet haj nienz cibnyied rigeih cib seiq hauh, liggaeuq dwg bi ietcouj ndwengouj ngoenz cib'it, caiq gvaq sarn ngoenz couhdwg ngoenzsen...
我出生在1986年10月21号,农历是乙丑年十月十一,再有三天就到我生日了。
我生于1985年10月24日,阴历是乙丑年九月十一,再过三天就是我的生日。
我生于1985年10月21日,阴历是乙丑年九月八,再过一周就是我的生日。
我生于1985年10月24日,阴历是乙丑年九月十一,再过一周就是我的生日。
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B
rag
256
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66f3df1e821e116aacb2f7be
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> *--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ HYPRE_Int HYPRE_SStructSplitSolve( HYPRE_SStructSolver solver, HYPRE_SStructMatrix A, HYPRE_SStructVect...
What is the correct answer to this question: What inputs are necessary to create an instance of HYPRE_SStructMatrix? And what procedures are necessary to finalize its setup process? Choices: (A) An MPI communicator and a HYPRE_SStructGraph are necessary to create. HYPRE_SStructMatrixAssemble must be called before final...
An MPI communicator and a HYPRE_SStructGraph are necessary to create. HYPRE_SStructMatrixAssemble must be called before finalizing the matrix setup.
An MPI communicator, a HYPRE_SStructGrid, and a corresponding stencil are necessary to create. HYPRE_SStructMatrixAssemble must be called before finalizing the matrix setup.
An MPI communicator and a HYPRE_SStructGraph are necessary to create. HYPRE_SStructMatrixSetBoxValues must be called before finalizing the matrix setup.
An MPI communicator and a HYPRE_SStructGrid are necessary to create. HYPRE_SStructMatrixSetBoxValues must be called before finalizing the matrix setup.
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A
rag
256
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672468b1bb02136c067d74bd
Single-Document QA
Event ordering
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> trees and searched for the rifle. He knew he\u2019d never find it. Les would have covered it hastily in leaves and duff, and tomorrow he\u2019d be back to retrieve it. Nothing illegal in having it in the park anyway as long as it wa...
What is the correct answer to this question: Narrives: 1. ['Ren and Pete have a conversation at a bar about Les Ingraham, who is rumored to have a troubled past and involvement in illegal hunting activities.']\n2. [\"Ren discovers that the rifle is missing from Lea's bedroom and decides to head to Hornaday Creek, suspe...
3214
1432
4321
2143
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
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66fba2bcbb02136c067c8112
Multi-Document QA
Multi-news
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> in urban areas still lack proper access to power grids. For example, of the more than 100 million people living in cities without access to electricity, more than 90% are located in sub-Saharan Africa, the fastest-urbanising regi...
What is the correct answer to this question: Given the information, what measures can be inferred to be applied to China's energy transition? ① Phase out outdated capacity and promote clean energy: Retire out existing polluting power plants and unabated coal plants, while increasing capital expenditure on clean energy ...
①②③
①②④
①③④
②③④
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D
rag
256
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66f17aab821e116aacb2772d
Single-Document QA
Financial
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> a financial hardship. For more information on Human Capital Management at Medtronic, please refer to our 2023 Sustainability Report as well as Medtronic’s 2023 Global Inclusion, Diversity and Equity Report available on our company w...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following is a highlight of Medtronic’s performance in fiscal year 2024? Choices: (A) The company’s stock performance exceeded the industry average. (B) The company achieved growth in both revenue and profit. (C) The company’s multiple new neuroscience products ...
The company’s stock performance exceeded the industry average.
The company achieved growth in both revenue and profit.
The company’s multiple new neuroscience products have received U.S. FDA approval, including the Inceptiv closed-loop rechargeable SCS, Symplicity Spyral renal denervation system, OsteoCool RF Tumor ablation system., and others.
Driven by growth in international business, the company’s revenue achieved a growth.
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D
rag
256
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66ebd34d5a08c7b9b35e035d
Single-Document QA
Literary
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> insult to me. You didn't get his meaning, of course." "Don't be angry," said Pig. "That hermit knows about the past and the future as well. We don't yet know whether his talk about a water monster leading the way will come true or n...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following is an incorrect understanding of the discussion on Journey to the West in the development of Chinese mythological culture? Choices: (A) Journey to the West expresses the characteristics of mythological figures where divinity, animal instincts, and huma...
Journey to the West expresses the characteristics of mythological figures where divinity, animal instincts, and human nature are integrated through the character of Sun Wukong.
The " social circle" in Journey to the West symbolizes the refinement of human character and the transformation of spiritual will.
The novel elevates a free mindset beyond religion by incorporating the ideological resources of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, blending in the mysticism of the three teachings.
The image of Sun Wukong symbolizes the transformation from the outburst of wild vitality to the elevation of spiritual realms.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ead7bd5a08c7b9b35dca7a
Single-Document QA
Academic
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
What is the correct answer to this question: Construct an uncertain variable with linear uncertainty distribution L(1,5) Choices: (A) ξ(γ) = γ + 5 (B) ξ(γ) = 5γ + 1 (C) ξ(γ) = 5γ - 1 (D) ξ(γ) = 4γ + 1
ξ(γ) = γ + 5
ξ(γ) = 5γ + 1
ξ(γ) = 5γ - 1
ξ(γ) = 4γ + 1
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec0874821e116aacb194a4
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Trans. Graph., Vol. 42, No. 4, Article. Publication date: August 2023. 2D Gaussian Splatting for Geometrically Accurate Radiance Fields BINBIN HUANG, ShanghaiTech University, China ZEHAO YU, University of Tübingen, Tübingen AI Cen...
What is the correct answer to this question: Both 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) and 2D Gaussian Splatting (2DGS) seek to project Gaussians onto screen space for novel view synthesis, but their methods of handling surface projection and depth consistency differ. The 3D Gaussian splat is governed by: G(p) = \exp\left(-\...
2D Gaussian Splatting improves projection accuracy by flattening the 3D Gaussian volume into a 2D disk, which allows for multi-scale affine transformations to align the splats with surface geometry. While 3D Gaussian Splatting relies on covariance matrix factorization to adjust Gaussian scaling, 2DGS avoids the need fo...
2D Gaussian Splatting resolves depth inconsistencies by applying a perspective-accurate ray-splat intersection technique, which uses a depth-weighted variance reduction process to ensure Gaussian splats align more tightly with the object’s surface. Unlike 3D Gaussian Splatting, which uses volumetric Gaussian splatting ...
2D Gaussian Splatting handles multi-view inconsistencies by employing a depth distortion loss that compresses the variance of the splats along the ray-splat intersection points, ensuring more accurate alignment with surface geometry. 3D Gaussian Splatting relies on a volumetric projection technique, where the Gaussian’...
2D Gaussian Splatting surpasses 3D Gaussian Splatting by eliminating the need for depth gradient-based normal inference. In 3DGS, normals are derived from depth gradients, which vary depending on the intersection of the Gaussian with the camera ray. 2DGS introduces principal curvature alignment, where the splat’s norma...
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec4370821e116aacb1c905
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> An Unofficial Reference Book An Unofficial Reference Book Version 5 Version 5 by u/imaginary_bees by u/imaginary_bees Change Log Change Log V2: - Changed fonts throughout the document to Alegreya to hopefully make it easier to rea...
What is the correct answer to this question: To marry Emily in Stardew Valley, players are required to improve the friendship points with her. In order to do so, which of the following is ture? Choices: (A) Emily loves Emerald, Jade and Ruby, and all of these minerals can be obtained from fishing treasure. And the mine...
Emily loves Emerald, Jade and Ruby, and all of these minerals can be obtained from fishing treasure. And the minerals can be used for weapon forging.
Emily loves wool, and players can get a cloth using a wool. And players can get taliored clothes in Sam's house with a cloth as an input.
When inviting her to watch movie, choosing Joja Corn as snacks and watching Zuzu City Express is an ideal choice.
Emily loves survival burger, which can be cooked with a bread, a cave carrot and a eggplant. Eggplant is planted in summer in this game and it is in the Fall Corps Bundle. And cave carrot is in the Exotic Foraging Bundle.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fcf725bb02136c067c924a
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ] [Mbaham-Iha ] [Timor-Alor-Pantar [Bunaq] [East Timor] [Alor-Pantar] ] ] Genealogical classification of Kalamang This study In this section, I explain the design of this study. This includes information on myself, the goals of the p...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a grammar book of Kalamang language. You need to translate the following Kalamang sentence into English: Esa inggon donpat jadi dodon reidak. Which of the following translations is correct? Choices: (A) Our father sewed many clothing for us. (B) Our father sewe...
Our father sewed many clothing for us.
Our father sewed clothing so we had many clothes.
Our father sewed clothing when we become short of clothes.
Our father bought us many clothes to wear.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
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66f95c18bb02136c067c52e1
Single-Document QA
Legal
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 1 (1974). 26. See Berger, The Presidential Monopoly of Foreigni Relations, 71 MICH. L. REV., 33-44 (1972). 27. See Ginnane, The Control of Federal Administration by Conlgressional Resolutions and Committees, 66 HARV. L. REV. 569 (...
What is the correct answer to this question: Considering the analysis provided in the document on the delegation of legislative powers to the executive branch through executive orders, under what circumstances can congressional inaction be interpreted as a tacit approval of executive orders? What key factors influence ...
Congressional inaction is always interpreted as tacit approval, as long as no formal opposition has been raised by either house of Congress. The separation of powers doctrine remains unchanged as the President assumes necessary emergency powers.
Congressional inaction is interpreted as tacit approval only when there is a clear precedent of legislative delegation in similar areas. The doctrine of separation of powers is reinforced through implied consent between the branches of government.
Congressional inaction can only be interpreted as tacit approval if the executive order serves a temporary function, and the executive branch does not rely on "inherent powers." The separation of powers doctrine shifts towards a shared responsibility, but no permanent change in executive power is implied.
Congressional inaction is never interpreted as tacit approval, and executive orders must have explicit statutory authorization. Any other interpretation would be an overreach of executive power and would lead to a weakening of the separation of powers doctrine.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
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66f2ad2b821e116aacb2ac0f
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> discretised Gaussian with mean equal to ˆ x(θ, 1) and std. deviation chosen empirically to be σ1 for 256 bins and 0.7σ1 for 16 bins. This ensured the results were comparable between continuous and discretised training, and consisten...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which is not among the improvements of the method in paper GeoBFN compared with paper BFN? Choices: (A) Be able to process discrete input data like atom charges. (B) Considering atom coordinates and types simultaneously. (C) Equivariant to topological rotation of molecules. ...
Be able to process discrete input data like atom charges.
Considering atom coordinates and types simultaneously.
Equivariant to topological rotation of molecules.
Adopt an early mode-seeking sampling strategy.
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A
rag
256
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6724c5febb02136c067d78e7
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Q145", "direction": "forward", "qualifiers": {}, "relation": "country of origin"}, {"object": "Q1860", "direction": "forward", "qualifiers": {}, "relation": "original language of film or TV show"}, {"object": "Q71", "direction": "for...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which television films mainly depict Q2736 and originate in the Q145? Choices: (A) Q1161659 (B) Q624806 (C) Q953662 (D) Q1254404
Q1161659
Q624806
Q953662
Q1254404
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec4e43821e116aacb1cb54
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Screenshots & Handset Illustrations Screenshots appearing in this guide are for reference only and may differ from actual Display images. Handset illustrations may differ from actual appearance. In some screenshots, Wallpaper is set...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following is true according to the handbook? Choices: (A) The device allows emergency calls even if the required PIN is not entered, but these calls may be unavailable outside of Japan. (B) Internet pages are temporarily saved in a cache. The contents of the cac...
The device allows emergency calls even if the required PIN is not entered, but these calls may be unavailable outside of Japan.
Internet pages are temporarily saved in a cache. The contents of the cache remains after the session ends but is deleted when the handset is turned off.
Good night timer is available only if other functions are not activated. When good night timer is on, alarm voice call and light is set to off, and vibration is set to on.
When it is unable to play music via speaker, I should check if the Manner Mode is set. If not, I should turn it on.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6724c4aabb02136c067d78a6
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Q639669", "direction": "forward", "qualifiers": {}, "relation": "occupation"}, {"object": "Q2405480", "direction": "forward", "qualifiers": {}, "relation": "occupation"}, {"object": "Q30", "direction": "forward", "qualifiers": {}, "r...
What is the correct answer to this question: Who is a member of both the Q19615 and Q18507? Choices: (A) Q319810 (B) Q8870414 (C) Q319810 and Q8870414 (D) Q443019
Q319810
Q8870414
Q319810 and Q8870414
Q443019
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f3fb96821e116aacb3043f
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> {"zhuang_word": "bozyaj", "zh_meanings": ["草丛"], "source": "https://zha_zho.en-academic.com/1520", "zh_meanings_full": ["(【见】 byozrum) 草丛"]} {"zhuang_word": "bozywj", "zh_meanings": ["草丛"], "source": "https://zha_zho.en-academic.com/...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a translation textbook from Zhuang to Chinese, now translate the following sentence in Zhuang into Chinese: "Cienzgangj gig nanz gaxgonq, aen mbanj youq din Byacwx ndeu, miz mehbuz maiq gungz ndeu, seizdoeng ngoenz ndeu nae hung roengzbyoegbyoeg, raen henz roen...
传说很久以前,大明山麓的一个山村里,一个穷苦的孤寡老婆婆,在一个大雪纷飞的冬天,在山路边见到一条奇怪的、奄奄一息的小蛇,便心生怜悯,将它带回家中。
相传很久以前,大明山脚下的一个村庄里,有位贫穷的独居老太太,在一个大雪天,在山间小路上发现了一条奇特的、快要死去的小蛇,于是心生同情,把它带回了家。
传闻很久以前,大明山附近的一个小山村中,住着一位孤苦伶仃的老婆婆,某个大雪纷飞的寒冬,她在山路旁遇到一条濒死的怪蛇,便心生怜悯,将其抱回家中照料。
传说很久以前,在大明山山脚下的一个村子里,有位贫困的孤独老妇人,在一个暴风雪的冬日,她在山间小道上看到一条奇异的、五彩斑斓的小蛇,就出于好奇心把它带回了家。
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f41108821e116aacb30c41
Multi-Document QA
Financial
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> . As we continue to develop new technologies, we are simultaneously focused on the design of innovative products and experiences incorporating such technologies throughout our product categories and consumer applications. Using mark...
What is the correct answer to this question: Compared to 2023, how has the percentage of finished goods apparel factories from countries other than Vietnam, China, and Cambodia changed in 2024? Choices: (A) 2% (B) 1% (C) 3% (D) 4%
2%
1%
3%
4%
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ed5be2821e116aacb1fb57
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> po_trainer = PPOTrainer( config=ppo_config, model=trl_model, ref_model=None, tokenizer=tokenizer, dataset=dummy_dataset, ) ppo_tr...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the May 20, 2023 commit of the trl repository, a new PPOTrainer class was introduced for Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) training. This version significantly improved the trainer by introducing parallel training support using the Accelerate library. If you want to ensu...
In the train method in ppo_trainer.py, manually save the model's gradients and reload them at the start of each epoch.
Modify the compute_policy_loss method in ppo_trainer.py to move the model's backward operation from the end of each epoch to the beginning of training for unified processing.
Modify the split_between_epochs method in accelerator.py to ensure that the optimizer state is not reset when splitting data, and maintain gradient accumulation across epochs.
Modify the training_step method in ppo_trainer.py to call accelerator.backward() at the end of each epoch, so that accumulated gradients are preserved into the next epoch instead of being reset within each epoch.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fcfb5fbb02136c067c93ae
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ", torch_dtype=torch.float16 ... ) >>> pipe.cuda() >>> # load adapter >>> pipe.load_storymaker_adapter(storymaker_adapter) >>> prompt = "a person is taking a selfie, the person is wear...
What is the correct answer to this question: The repository "StoryMaker" is a personalized solution that can generate story collections with character consistency. There are already many methods for generating photo sets with consistent characters. Which method this repository uses to achieve this consistency? Choices...
It uses a face recognition method to extract the facial features of characters, followed by an image recognition model to describe the clothing. The use of the SDXL model and IP-Adapter enables consistency of characters across different scenes and environments.
It utilizes multiple attention mechanisms and has been extended for various scenarios: the default attention processor (AttnProcessor) and the attention processor combined with IP-Adapter (IPAttnProcessor). IP-Adapter is an enhanced model that integrates image features with textual prompts. The purpose of this code sni...
The approach begins by extracting the face from the portrait, ensuring a clear focus on the subject's features. An image recognition model is then utilized to generate descriptive prompts that capture the essence of the face. Using these prompts, the Flux model generates four distinct portrait images, each showcasing d...
StoryMaker merges conditional information based on facial identity and cropped character images (including clothing, hairstyles, and bodies). Specifically, we utilize a Position-Aware Perceiver Resampler (PPR) to integrate facial identity information with cropped character images, enabling the acquisition of diverse ch...
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
670bf6ddbb02136c067d2379
Single-Document QA
Detective
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> these games? Hang the murderer before he harms her.’ ‘An interesting idea, except I don’t know who the murderer is.’ ‘How is that possible?’ I say, incredulously. ‘You know every step I’m going to take before I think to take it. How...
What is the correct answer to this question: Please try to deduce the true story based on the evidence currently known. Who killed Evelyn Hardcastle in your deduction? Choices: (A) Michael Hardcastle (B) Madeline Aubert (C) Felicity Maddox (D) Millicent Derby
Michael Hardcastle
Madeline Aubert
Felicity Maddox
Millicent Derby
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f530ce821e116aacb32f09
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> sup>*</sup> · [**Matteo Spinelli**](https://github.com/cubiq) · [**Qixun Wang**](https://github.com/wangqixun) · [**Xu Bai**](https://huggingface.co/baymin0220) · [**Zekui Qin**](https://github.com/ZekuiQin) · [**Anthony Chen**](http...
What is the correct answer to this question: This codebase implements a method for generating stylized narrative images from character portraits. What is the overall process of this method? Choices: (A) The process begins by using the BirefNet model to effectively extract the human subject from the portrait. Once the s...
The process begins by using the BirefNet model to effectively extract the human subject from the portrait. Once the subject is isolated, the SDXL model takes over, utilizing user-written prompts to generate detailed and lifelike portrait images. Following this, OpenPose and ControlNet are employed to add stylistic enha...
The process begins with the YOLO model, which is utilized to detect and locate the human figure within the portrait. Once identified, the human is extracted from the image for further processing. Next, Ipadapter and Pulid are employed to generate high-quality portrait images that maintain the essence of the original su...
The process begins by extracting the face from the portrait, ensuring a clear focus on the subject's features. An image recognition model is then utilized to generate descriptive prompts that capture the essence of the face. Using these prompts, the Flux model generates four distinct portrait images, each showcasing di...
Interpret the portrait using a LLM multimodal model, use stable diffusion base 1.5 to generate portrait images with annotated prompts, and apply a cartoonish model to regenerate for stylization.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec1e3f821e116aacb1ae7d
Single-Document QA
Academic
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> }_i \geq \theta \text {,} \ \mathcal {P}_i \in \mathcal {P}\}. (5) We adopt the Fp i as the pseudo label and pair it with task-specific text to construct training data. We employ con- trastive loss [5, 49] to optimize the vision and...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following statements is incorrect? Choices: (A) This article inserts a module into the pre-trained diffusion model, and then trains the parameters of these models to adapt this module to the task and the priori of the diffusion model. (B) TPB includes two MLP la...
This article inserts a module into the pre-trained diffusion model, and then trains the parameters of these models to adapt this module to the task and the priori of the diffusion model.
TPB includes two MLP layers with Layer Normalization and LeakyReLU, ensuring that only the most task-specific attributes are retained
Task-specific priors containing guidance information for the task can adequately guide pre-trained diffusion models to handle low-level tasks while maintaining high-fidelity content consistency.
The spatial feature Fs extracted by SCB processing is calculated from SCB, Ft, Fp, F and has no relationship with TPB.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6723a0a7bb02136c067d7040
Single-Document QA
Event ordering
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> \u2019t know Rufus or Esther. They are new to the area and tonight is the first time we\u2019ve met, which makes me feel more nervous than I already am. But I can\u2019t afford to let Jack down, so I fix a smile on my face, praying t...
What is the correct answer to this question: Narrives: 1. ['The protagonist successfully hides a tissue containing pills in the waistband of their pajamas without Jack noticing, feeling immense relief once safely inside their room.']\n2. ['Jack takes the narrator to a house he had promised as a wedding present and reve...
4213
4312
2341
3214
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ec2e2a821e116aacb1bb9f
Single-Document QA
Academic
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> however, raises the question whether a distal stimulus, i.e. a haptic slant, is needed to adapt to slant. From the study by Van Dam et al. [3] it is known that static unimanual haptic adaptation to slant is heavily dependent on the ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Why can VR Headset be used to help understand haptic slant adaptation in this article? Choices: (A) To distinguish between an effect due to a relative static posture adaptation and an effect based on a low-level unimanual adaptation (B) VR devices can provide an unlimited wo...
To distinguish between an effect due to a relative static posture adaptation and an effect based on a low-level unimanual adaptation
VR devices can provide an unlimited workspace.
VR Headset can be used to render virtual slanted surfaces and record the participant’s movement trajectories.
Haptic force feedback has been proven to be unnecessary.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ed2c87821e116aacb1f149
Long Structured Data Understanding
Table QA
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Not applicable. dT: used to compare differences between heterosexual and sexual minority youth groups among specified demographic variables. eGAD-7: the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale. fPHQ-9: the 9-item Patient Health Q...
What is the correct answer to this question: From the table 1, with the increase of current annual income, people who is LGBT can suffer less from bullying? Choices: (A) From the table 1, we can conclude that all people of LGBT will suffer less from campus bullying with more annual income under 3565, but when the incom...
From the table 1, we can conclude that all people of LGBT will suffer less from campus bullying with more annual income under 3565, but when the income exceeds this number, the victims of bullying increase.
From the table 1, we can conclude that all people of LGBT will suffer less from campus bullying with more annual income.
From the table 1, we can conclude that only sexual minority youths will suffer less from campus bullying with more annual income.
Based on Table 1 in the provided document, we cannot conclude that people who identify as LGBT+ suffer less from bullying as their annual income increases.
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A
rag
256
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66ec48f2821e116aacb1ca3f
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Introduction Thank you for purchasing SoftBank 930CA. ●For proper handset use, read this guide. ●Keep this guide in a convenient place for reference. ●Accessible SoftBank services may vary by service area, subscription, etc. SoftBank...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following about SoftBank 930CA is correct according to the guide? Choices: (A) "Call Acceptation" means I cannot accept incoming calls from some specified number. (B) When I set a record timer and the set time comes, alarm sounds for five minutes before the reco...
"Call Acceptation" means I cannot accept incoming calls from some specified number.
When I set a record timer and the set time comes, alarm sounds for five minutes before the record starts.
Memory cards can be easily formatted on the handset, another device or a PC without breaking down. But formmating a card will delete all the data on it.
I can set wake-up message in "Display Settings". I can even set a wake-up image.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f00f1a821e116aacb252cf
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> : • Social identities create and exacerbate intergroup conflicts. • Intergroup conflict influences social identity. • Addressing social identity issues might help reduce some inter- group conflicts. T o achieve these goals, we invited ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Considering both ‘Social Identity and Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Reduction’ and ‘Social Identity: International Perspectives’, how do the authors conceptualize the role of “group narratives” in shaping intergroup conflict, and what does this reveal about the limitation...
Both texts agree that group narratives are essential to forming social identity and conflict, with ‘Social Identity and Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Reduction’ emphasizing the integration of power structures into conflict resolution strategies, while ‘Social Identity: International Perspectives’ highlights the need...
Both texts agree that group narratives shape social identity and conflict, but ‘Social Identity and Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Reduction’ highlights the importance of integrating power dynamics into conflict resolution strategies, while ‘Social Identity: International Perspectives’ focuses on the need for address...
Both texts acknowledge that group narratives shape intergroup conflict, with ‘Social Identity and Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Reduction’ focusing on the impact of power dynamics on narrative formation, while ‘Social Identity: International Perspectives’ stresses the importance of reshaping narratives through traum...
Both texts recognize that group narratives play a central role in escalating conflicts, with ‘Social Identity and Intergroup Conflict and Conflict Reduction’ arguing for the integration of socio-political power relations in conflict resolution, while ‘Social Identity: International Perspectives’ focuses on using collec...
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6723a770bb02136c067d7233
Single-Document QA
Event ordering
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> \u2019t love about this new existence: My private life had a certain currency. Was I a bad mother? Was I a bratty, fit-pitching First Lady? Did I really love my husband? Did he really love me? There were people out there always eager...
What is the correct answer to this question: Narrives: 1. The author reflects on leaving the legal profession and transitioning to a more fulfilling career, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and strategic thinking, which proved valuable during their time in the White House. 2. Barack and Michelle Obama, during t...
3142
1423
4321
3241
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ebc0c95a08c7b9b35de7f3
Single-Document QA
Academic
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> computation of activations and the commu- nication between GPUs over the network (due to all_reduce operations) as much as possible. When training a 65B-parameter model, our code processes around 380 tokens/sec/GPU on 2048 A100 GPU ...
What is the correct answer to this question: What percentage of code data was used during LLaMA pre-training? Choices: (A) 2% (B) 2.5% (C) 4.5% (D) 5%
2%
2.5%
4.5%
5%
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
671b17d5bb02136c067d4f7d
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Agent history QA
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> contributed:" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "{\"tokens_contributed\": \"0\"}" }, { "role": "user", "content": "Tokens in the public pot: 0\nYour gain: 0....
What is the correct answer to this question: Which player contributed the most tokens in the game? Choices: (A) player_2 (B) player_4 (C) player_6 (D) player_7
player_2
player_4
player_6
player_7
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66ed168b821e116aacb1ea8c
Single-Document QA
Financial
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> skilling ICT professionals. To date, this program has benefited more than 3.4 million people from around the world. Contents Message from the Rotating Chairman Business Highlights in 2023 Five-Year Financial Highlights Message from ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the following is NOT a key business development that Huawei has achieved in 2023? Choices: (A) Provide network infrastructure for remote areas and global users, help upgrade innovative applications such as naked-eye 3D, new calls, and cloud mobile phones, with more ...
Provide network infrastructure for remote areas and global users, help upgrade innovative applications such as naked-eye 3D, new calls, and cloud mobile phones, with more than 1.5 billion global users.
Launch a series of Harmony OS ecosystem devices, with shipments of smart wearable products exceeding 150 million.
Develop large-scale models for industry-specific applications, particularly in the medical and meteorological fields.
Build cloud platforms for 40,000 enterprises in over 170 countries and regions to accelerate industry digitization and intelligence.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6725db01bb02136c067d847f
Long In-context Learning
Many-shot learning
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> : Only considering the given document, what are the emotions of the document?\n\nOptions: (A) aaa\n(B) aas\n(C) aad\n(D) abb" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "C" } ], [ ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Document: I'm more interested in why there are goldfish in the picture...\n\nQuestion: Only considering the given document, what are the emotions of the document? Choices: (A) aan (B) aao (C) abb (D) aav
aan
aao
abb
aav
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f2a46d821e116aacb2a41a
Long Structured Data Understanding
Table QA
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> tank.,0,FHwl6kaKdD5-KAnfVb_pKQ 287,dei67jnanWpRLRL7aRwqAA,0,2011-03-04,3,FRh3yuD3uunzqxTbEqN9ag,1,They said I needed a timing belt replaced when Honda Civics from 2006 don't have a timing belt.,6,FHwl6kaKdD5-KAnfVb_pKQ 288,Zzvjuyxr1...
What is the correct answer to this question: We consider two entries with totally identical text as having the same comment. In the given document, how many DIFFERENT comments talk about "mexican"? Choices: (A) 40 (B) 41 (C) 44 (D) 45
40
41
44
45
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
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6719c1febb02136c067d44db
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Dialogue history QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> And that's it! You have successfully differentiated the function using the quotient rule.\n\nI hope this helps. Let me know if you have any other questions." }, { "role": "user", ...
What is the correct answer to this question: According to the dialogues, which of the requirements raised by the users cannot be satisfied by the assistant? Choices: (A) To find connections between two organizations (B) To prioritize the routine to improve efficiency (C) To express the thoughts about a TV show (D) To g...
To find connections between two organizations
To prioritize the routine to improve efficiency
To express the thoughts about a TV show
To give recommendations on a specific software
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f91f2cbb02136c067c4b1e
Single-Document QA
Literary
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> didn't fall overboard. She said she never saw the beat of me for prowling about. But if it kept her from being seasick it's a mercy I did prowl, isn't it? And I wanted to see everything that was to be seen on that boat, because I di...
What is the correct answer to this question: Why does the mistake happen? Choices: (A) Matthew and Marilla ask Mrs. Spencer to pick a boy. But Mrs. Spencer want to pick a girl. (B) Matthew and Marilla sent Mrs. Spencer word by other people but there are some misunderstanding in between. (C) Mrs. Spencer sent telegram b...
Matthew and Marilla ask Mrs. Spencer to pick a boy. But Mrs. Spencer want to pick a girl.
Matthew and Marilla sent Mrs. Spencer word by other people but there are some misunderstanding in between.
Mrs. Spencer sent telegram but the telegram is wrong.
Matthew and Marilla ask Mrs. Spencer to pick a boy via Richard Spencer's folks at Carmody. But there are some mistakes in between.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66efaf70821e116aacb234bd
Multi-Document QA
Multi-news
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> 7. Enforcement 130 Revocation of certificates 130 Civil penalties 132 Glossary 136 Supporting the transition to Jet Zero: Creating the UK SAF Mandate 6 This Government is committed to delivering...
What is the correct answer to this question: How does the UK government ensure the supply and use of SAF to achieve the expected goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions? Choices: (A) Officially launch a SAF technology R&D center led by the University of Sheffield's Energy Institute, funded by the UK government. (B) T...
Officially launch a SAF technology R&D center led by the University of Sheffield's Energy Institute, funded by the UK government.
The UK's leading airline, Jet2, has made an equity investment in the planned SAF production facility in North West England.
In the future, the UK will regulate the blending ratio of electro-synthetic (PtL) SAF in aviation fuel.
The UK government stipulates that SAF produced from the hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) route can be used to meet all SAF demand.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f3f1a5821e116aacb2fdc7
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> "zhuang": "Genhciz caezyaeng caezguh caezyungh, doeksaed gij cwngzgoj\"It Rangh It Loh\"Gozci Gapguh Gauhfungh Lundanz.", "zh": "坚持共商共建共享,落实“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛成果。", "source": "government_work_report" }, { ...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a translation parallel corpus from Zhuang to Chinese, now translate the following sentence in Zhuang into Chinese: "Bi gvaqbae neix, guek raeuz fazcanj bungzdaengz diuhcan yiemzhaenq, ndaw guek rog guek haujlai mauzdun doxdab doxgya fungyiemj huxndumj doxca dox...
近年来,我国发展环境日益复杂,面临的困难和问题不断增多。
过去一年,我国经济社会发展保持总体平稳,实现了稳中有进。
近年来,我国发展环境日益复杂,面临的困难和问题不断增多。
过去一年,我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。
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D
rag
256
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670c090bbb02136c067d2404
Single-Document QA
Detective
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> neighbouring houses were empty. One was owned by a consortium based in Dubai and was usually rented out, though not at this particular time. The other belonged to a retired lawyer and his wife but they were away in the South of Fran...
What is the correct answer to this question: Please try to deduce the true story based on the evidence currently known. What was the real cause of Diana Cowper's death in your deduction? Choices: (A) Murdered by Alan Godwin (B) Murdered by Martin Lovell (C) Murdered by Robert Cornwallis (D) Suicide
Murdered by Alan Godwin
Murdered by Martin Lovell
Murdered by Robert Cornwallis
Suicide
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f28ede821e116aacb29a27
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> The pursuit of quality in grounded theory Kathy Charmaza and Robert Thornberg b aDepartment of Sociology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, Sonoma, USA; bDepartment of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Li...
What is the correct answer to this question: How do Charmaz and Thornberg in The Pursuit of Quality in Grounded Theory and Holton and Walsh in Classic Grounded Theory conceptualize the role of researcher subjectivity in the coding process, and what do their differing views reveal about the potential for bias in theory ...
Charmaz and Thornberg acknowledge researcher subjectivity as a natural and useful part of the coding process, enriching theoretical insights, while Holton and Walsh emphasize that subjectivity must be controlled through rigorous coding to ensure the theory remains grounded in the data rather than influenced by personal...
Both sets of authors acknowledge the presence of researcher subjectivity, but Charmaz and Thornberg see it as a source of insight that can deepen theoretical understanding, while Holton and Walsh stress that researcher subjectivity must be controlled through rigorous coding to ensure that the theory accurately reflects...
Charmaz and Thornberg argue that researcher subjectivity provides valuable perspectives that can enhance theory co-construction with participants, while Holton and Walsh focus on minimizing subjectivity to prevent it from distorting the theory, advocating for systematic coding that keeps the theory grounded in the data...
Both Charmaz and Thornberg and Holton and Walsh recognize that researcher subjectivity influences coding, but Charmaz and Thornberg see it as a vital aspect of shaping theoretical insights, while Holton and Walsh maintain that subjectivity should be minimized to let the data drive the theoretical process more objective...
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fa6867bb02136c067c6b3b
Multi-Document QA
Multi-news
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> on’s Product Candidates and new indications for Regeneron’s Products, such as Dupixent for the treatment of bullous pemphigoid and/or chronic pruritus of unknown origin as discussed in this press release as well as other potential ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Based on the press release about Sanofi's product Dupixent, how do you know about its indication treatment? Choices: (A) Dupixent has been approved for marketing in more than 30 countries worldwide. For the US, the FDA's approval was primarily due to the significant data of ...
Dupixent has been approved for marketing in more than 30 countries worldwide. For the US, the FDA's approval was primarily due to the significant data of BOREAS and NOTUS from the Phase 3 study, which demonstrated the good efficacy and safety of Dupixent.
EoE is a chronic, progressive disease associated with Type 2 inflammation that severely affects children's ability to eat, and Dupixent has been approved for the treatment of this disease in more than 60 countries. Recently, the CHMP officially approved Dupixent for the treatment of patients aged 1-11, weighing more th...
Studies have shown that Dupixent can be used to treat chronic diseases such as bullous pemphigoid, chronic spontaneous urticaria, eosinophilic esophagitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (for part or all of the patients), and it has been approved for use in the United States, Europe, and other major markets ...
Dupixent is a monoclonal antibody that primarily works by inhibiting the signaling pathways of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13). The company still has several clinical studies on the treatment of Dupixent indications, including chronic pruritus of unknown origin and bullous pemphigoid.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
67249705bb02136c067d76d1
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> "string", "value": "United States of America"}]}}, {"key": "publication date", "value": {"type": "date", "value": "1994/1/20"}, "qualifiers": {"place of publication": [{"type": "string", "value": "Sundance Film Festival"}]}}, {"key"...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which feature films with a publication date after 2003 has the smallest duration? Choices: (A) Q470665 (B) Q1229857 (C) Q490464 (D) Q318428
Q470665
Q1229857
Q490464
Q318428
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fab090bb02136c067c74e7
Multi-Document QA
Academic
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Lewkowycz et al., 2022a), indicating the number of parameters is not the only key factor in mathematical reasoning capability. A smaller model pre-trained on high-quality data could achieve strong performance as well. • We share our ...
What is the correct answer to this question: Regarding the comparison of the methods for improving math ability in these two articles, which of the following statements is incorrect? Choices: (A) The methods of both articles include extracting math-related web pages from Common Crawl and processing them for pre-trainin...
The methods of both articles include extracting math-related web pages from Common Crawl and processing them for pre-training.
Both articles use 7B as one of the training model sizes. Mammoth2 experiments on more models of different sizes, while the DeepSeekMath article does not train models of other sizes.
DeepSeekMath improves the PPO algorithm and uses the current round of training data to estimate the advantage instead of using the value model that needs to be updated.
The GSM8k and MATH scores of MAmmoTH2-Plus are lower than those of Deepseek-Math-RL.
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fcfb1cbb02136c067c938b
Long In-context Learning
New language translation
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ] [Mbaham-Iha ] [Timor-Alor-Pantar [Bunaq] [East Timor] [Alor-Pantar] ] ] Genealogical classification of Kalamang This study In this section, I explain the design of this study. This includes information on myself, the goals of the p...
What is the correct answer to this question: You are given a grammar book of Kalamang language. What is the English translation of the following Kalamang sentence: Wa me kariak kaia kon untuk emumur kalo tumun amkeiret mu wara nanet. Choices: (A) This is a medicinal plant for mothers, when they give birth they eat this...
This is a medicinal plant for mothers, when they give birth they eat this.
This medicinal plant helps women recover from labor complications.
Mothers traditionally consume this plant after childbirth for healing.
This is an herb used by women during pregnancy for nutrition.
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66fad00bbb02136c067c76ce
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ering, try to regroup with allies. This usually marks an Assassin or hit-squad, hard to kill enemies that will hunt you down. 8. Unless you’re playing with friends, or they say so, starting the timer on a mission in the lobby before ...
What is the correct answer to this question: When the player needs to kill lots of enemies in a short time and keeps himself safe, which of the following strategies is the most practical? Choices: (A) Choose Mesa and use the Ability 4 without stoping it to shoot and kill enemies quickly. (B) Choose Saryn and use the Ab...
Choose Mesa and use the Ability 4 without stoping it to shoot and kill enemies quickly.
Choose Saryn and use the Ability 4 to affect enemies in range and kill them over time.
Choose Gara and use the Ability 4 to slow down the enemies and cause damage.
Choose Limbo and use his Passive Ability to go to the Rift Plane to keep safe, and use weapons with range damage to kill enemies.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
67095b87bb02136c067d1bad
Single-Document QA
Detective
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ARISTOTLE AND THE SECRETS OF LIFE Epikrates giggled in his low-bred way as the hammering went on. All the other spectators stood still as if enchanted. The only exception was the strange boy Parmenion, who at the first blow had u...
What is the correct answer to this question: In "Aristotle and the Secrets of Life", a mysterious death occurs during the journey to Delos, where a wealthy merchant is found dead under strange circumstances. After reading the majority of the book, based on the interactions and motives of the characters, who is most lik...
Hermippos – The silver merchant poisoned the wine, angry over a recent failed business deal with the victim.
Miltiades – The cheerful marble merchant used a blunt object to strike the victim during a heated argument over their journey’s arrangements.
Aristodamos – The gentleman of Naxos cleverly orchestrated a fall from a height, disguising it as an accident, in order to inherit the merchant’s shipping route rights.
Kleumedes – The physician from Kos injected the victim with a fatal substance during a routine medical check-up, under the guise of administering medicine.
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D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f9625fbb02136c067c5456
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
easy
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> word "Error." 3: Dataset Processing Please prepare the dataset carefully to avoid various errors later on and to avoid training an unsatisfactory model! A good dataset is the foundation of training a good model! 3.1: Use UVR5 to pr...
What is the correct answer to this question: If the original audio has low clarity, after completing the audio cutting,what should I do? Choices: (A) Begin audio marking (B) Begin the proofreading and annotation step. (C) Keep the .bat running, copy and open the following URL in your browser: http://0.0.0.0:9874. (D) ...
Begin audio marking
Begin the proofreading and annotation step.
Keep the .bat running, copy and open the following URL in your browser: http://0.0.0.0:9874.
Before exiting, remember to save your file.
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B
rag
256
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66f56630821e116aacb3392b
Long In-context Learning
User guide QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> damage the unit. • Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult with a physician immediately. • Avoid using volatile liquids such as thinner or benzine to clean the unit. Wipe it with a soft, dry cloth, o...
What is the correct answer to this question: Recently, I bought a Casio scientific calculator, and its functions are quite complex. Which of the following features has an error? Choices: (A) The calculator is equipped with a large-capacity memory, allowing users to store a vast amount of data. However, when the battery...
The calculator is equipped with a large-capacity memory, allowing users to store a vast amount of data. However, when the battery is low, it may lead to the corruption or loss of the data in the memory.
The calculator has a differentiation feature and uses the central difference method for differentiation. To improve accuracy, this calculator takes the average of the forward and backward differences as the derivative. This calculator also has a series function, where the data in the series can be used for mathematical...
This calculator has a series function, where the data in the series can be used for mathematical or function calculations. It also includes features such as defining the number of values, generating sequences, and calculating the sum of values in the series.
This calculator has a data communication function that uses an SB-62 cable for communication. It can connect not only between two calculators but also between a calculator and a computer, or a calculator and a printer. During communication, if the connection is lost, the data will be temporarily saved, allowing transmi...
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
670fb882bb02136c067d2c1d
Single-Document QA
Detective
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ” "After seeing the scene, do you sincerely believe this case involved multiple perpetrators?" Sendou threw this question without turning around. "Well, well..." Relying on so-called "detective intuition," Hakamada also felt it w...
What is the correct answer to this question: Please try to deduce the true story based on the evidence currently known. Who killed Shigeru Amamiya in your deduction? Choices: (A) Kanguro Daitabashi (B) Mitsuhiko Midorikawa (C) Tokuro Shibaura (D) Kai Oiso
Kanguro Daitabashi
Mitsuhiko Midorikawa
Tokuro Shibaura
Kai Oiso
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
67189156bb02136c067d3b8d
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Dialogue history QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> role": "user", "content": "I'm looking to plan a longer ride this weekend and was wondering if you could recommend some scenic bike routes in my area. By the way, my road bike has been running great since I cleaned an...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which of the topics has been asked by the users for suggestions? Choices: (A) Online resources to study Mexican (B) How to enrich the time spend on the road (C) Plants that are easy to grow (D) What brand of new car should the user buy
Online resources to study Mexican
How to enrich the time spend on the road
Plants that are easy to grow
What brand of new car should the user buy
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B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f2cb0f821e116aacb2ba6d
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Config(init_lora_weights=False,...) ``` ### PiSSA [PiSSA](https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.02948) initializes the LoRA adapter using the principal singular values and singular vectors. This straightforward modification allows PiSSA to con...
What is the correct answer to this question: In pissa, dora and loftq, which one supports scaling options? Choices: (A) pissa and dora (B) pissa (C) dora and loftq (D) all three of them
pissa and dora
pissa
dora and loftq
all three of them
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A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
672494e5bb02136c067d7697
Long Structured Data Understanding
Knowledge graph reasoning
easy
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> ]}, "Q503119": {"name": "Lewis Cass", "instanceOf": ["Q5"], "attributes": [{"key": "ISNI", "value": {"type": "string", "value": "0000 0000 8266 1232"}, "qualifiers": {}}, {"key": "date of death", "value": {"type": "date", "value": "1...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which lawyer was educated at Phillips Exeter Academy? Choices: (A) Q503119 (B) Q42402 (C) Q5342976 (D) Q1544904
Q503119
Q42402
Q5342976
Q1544904
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66faa0f5bb02136c067c722c
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> res": 144.45982486939, "tissue_lowres_scalef": 0.045004502} # PAGA for hematopoiesis in mouse [(Paul *et al.*, 2015)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.013) # Hematopoiesis: trace myeloid and erythroid differentiation for data ...
What is the correct answer to this question: In the case you got a collection of 4 single cell sequencing dataset from 4 experiments (10x) from national genome database whereof the development of megakaryocytes in mouse. There are in total 4 days’ experiment (Day0, Day3, Day5, Day7). What are the required steps (functi...
read_10x_mtx -> sc.external.pp.harmony_integrate-> scrublet-> pp.normalize_total -> pp.log1p -> tl.pca -> pp.neighbors-> tl.umap -> tl.leiden -> pl.umap
sc.external.pp.harmony_integrate-> read_10x_mtx -> scrublet-> pp.normalize_total -> pp.log1p -> tl.pca -> pl.umap -> pp.neighbors -> tl.leiden -> pl.umap
read_10x_h5 -> sc.external.pp.harmony_integrate -> scrublet-> pp.normalize_total -> pp.log1p -> tl.pca -> tl.umap -> tl.leiden -> pl.umap
sc.external.pp.harmony_integrate -> read_10x_h5 -> scrublet-> pp.normalize_total -> pp.log1p -> tl.pca -> pp.neighbors -> pl.tsne -> tl.tsne
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f52d48821e116aacb32cf4
Single-Document QA
Literary
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> He said Tom Sawyer couldn’t get up no better plan than what I had. Then I says: “How do you come to be here, Jim, and how’d you get here?” He looked pretty uneasy, and didn’t say nothing for a minute. Then he says: “Maybe I better n...
What is the correct answer to this question: What was NOT something that made Mrs. Judith Loftus realize that Huck wasn't really a girl, but a boy in disguise? Choices: (A) He snorted loud and spit on the ground (B) His attempts to thread a needle were very awkward (C) He caught a bar of lead in his lap by bringing his...
He snorted loud and spit on the ground
His attempts to thread a needle were very awkward
He caught a bar of lead in his lap by bringing his knees together
He threw lead at a rat side-armed and with his elbow bent
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
67239f49bb02136c067d6fc0
Single-Document QA
Event ordering
easy
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Spirit bent to Ceplotryn\u2019s will, and the thorns easily passed. The thorns penetrated Ruwen\u2019s alchemy robe and smashed against his Ink Lord\u2019s Wrap. The velocity of the thorns pushed Ruwen backward a step but didn\u2019...
What is the correct answer to this question: Narrives: 1. ['Ruwen successfully transitions into the Destruction Realm by using his Spirit energy to connect with a fracture in the Material Realm.']\n2. ['Hamma eloquently describes her friend Lylan to Ruwen and Valora, captivating them with her artistic expression and im...
2413
1234
2314
3124
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
A
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f3ad93821e116aacb2e29f
Code Repository Understanding
Code repo QA
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> void tcp_connect(int fd, be32_t dst_addr, uint16_t dst_port); // write data to TCP (SEND call) // returns the bytes written ssize_t tcp_write(int fd, const uint8_t *data, size_t size); // read data from TCP (RECEIVE call) // return...
What is the correct answer to this question: Regarding the statements about the TCP connection termination in this codebase, which is correct? Choices: (A) When one party is ready to terminate the TCP connection, it first enters the FIN_WAIT_1 state, indicating that it has sent a termination request FIN signal to the o...
When one party is ready to terminate the TCP connection, it first enters the FIN_WAIT_1 state, indicating that it has sent a termination request FIN signal to the other party and is waiting for confirmation.
After receiving the FIN signal, the other party needs to return an ACK signal and meanwhile send a FIN signal, waiting for confirmation. Both parties send FIN signals and receive confirmation before the connection is terminated.
The purpose of tcp->shutdown_waiting is to ensure that all unsent packets in the sending buffer are sent before the connection is terminated, but it cannot guarantee that all packets have been successfully received by the other party.
Before terminating the connection, using the Nagle algorithm when sending packets can combine scattered small packets for transmission to reduce network congestion.
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C
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f95e11bb02136c067c5370
Long Structured Data Understanding
Table QA
hard
medium
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> Registry,Assignment,Organization Name,Organization Address MA-S,70B3D5F2F,TELEPLATFORMS,"Polbina st., 3/1 Moscow RU 109388 " MA-S,70B3D5719,2M Technology,802 Greenview Drive Grand Prairie TX US 75050 MA-S,70B3D59FC,Truecom Telesof...
What is the correct answer to this question: Which two countries are the second and third frequently mentioned among all these organization addresses? Choices: (A) Italy as the second and China as the third. (B) Germany as the second and Italy as the third. (C) Japan as the second and Germany as the third. (D) United S...
Italy as the second and China as the third.
Germany as the second and Italy as the third.
Japan as the second and Germany as the third.
United States as the second and China as the third.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
66f954a5bb02136c067c511a
Single-Document QA
Governmental
hard
long
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> THE STATUTES OF THE REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE INCOME TAX ACT 1947 2020 REVISED EDITION This revised edition incorporates all amendments up to and including 1 December 2021 and comes into operation on 31 December 2021. Prepared and Publis...
What is the correct answer to this question: In light of the Income Tax Act 1947, how can multinational corporations strategically navigate transfer pricing and cross-border transactions to minimize their global tax liabilities while aligning with Singapore’s regulations on arm’s length principles and preventing tax ba...
By structuring their intercompany transactions based on fair market values and ensuring that profit shifting aligns with Singapore’s arm’s length requirements, corporations can minimize global tax liabilities while avoiding penalties for non-compliance.
Multinational corporations can align with Singapore’s arm’s length principle by setting fair market prices for cross-border transactions between related entities, ensuring that they minimize tax liabilities while avoiding transfer pricing penalties.
Companies can leverage intercompany transactions by applying market-based pricing for the exchange of goods, services, or intellectual property, ensuring compliance with Singapore’s arm’s length principle while minimizing their global tax exposure.
By structuring intercompany loans and charging interest at market rates, multinationals can align with Singapore’s arm’s length requirements, ensuring that financing arrangements reduce tax liabilities while avoiding regulatory scrutiny.
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
B
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below
6713066fbb02136c067d3214
Long-dialogue History Understanding
Agent history QA
hard
short
Please read the following retrieved text chunks and answer the question below. <text> "responses": [ 30, 10, 30, 30, 15, 40, 15, 30, 10, 20 ], "total_proposal": 230 }, { "responses": [ 10, 10, ...
What is the correct answer to this question: According to the log, which player is the most selfish one in the forth round of the game? Choices: (A) player_1 (B) player_3 (C) player_5 (D) player_7
player_1
player_3
player_5
player_7
Format your response as follows: "The correct answer is (insert answer here)".
D
rag
256
Read the above text carefully and answer the question below