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War I disrupted Italian citrus exports. In 1917, American food chemist James Currie discovered certain strains of the mold Aspergillus niger could be efficient citric acid producers, and the pharmaceutical company Pfizer began industrial-level production using this technique two years later, followed by Citrique Belge ... | James Currie discovered certain strains of the mold Aspergillus niger could be efficient citric acid producers, and the pharmaceutical company Pfizer began industrial-level production using this technique two years later, followed by Citrique Belge in 1929. In this production technique, which is still the major industr... |
about or who else was attached. On March 15, 2015, it was announced that Murphy would play comedian Richard Pryor's father, LeRoy Pryor, in the upcoming biopic directed by Lee Daniels with Mike Epps playing Pryor; as of 2019, the project remains in development hell. In February 2015, Murphy attended Saturday Night Live... | them include Russell Brand, Dave Chappelle, and Chris Rock. In 1982, Murphy made his big screen debut in the film 48 Hrs. with Nick Nolte. 48 Hrs. proved to be a hit when it was released in the Christmas season of 1982. Nolte was scheduled to host the December 11, 1982, Christmas episode of Saturday Night Live, but bec... |
Akeem thrives on hard work and learning how commoners live, Semmi is not comfortable with living in such meager conditions. After a dinner date with Lisa is thwarted when Semmi furnishes their apartment with a hot tub and other luxuries, Akeem confiscates his money and donates it to two homeless men. Semmi wires a tele... | the United States box office. It opened a month later in the UK and earned $7,712,622 during its seven-week run. It opened on September 2 in West Germany, where it debuted at number one with $3,715,791 from 297 screens. It ended its run after 13 weeks with $15,743,447. Several contemporary articles stated that the worl... |
under a shroud of questionable politics. Continued development Engine Tucker had promised , but his innovative engine was not working out. The valve train proved problematic and the engine only produced approximately . The high oil pressure required a 24-volt electrical system, up to 60 volts to get it started, and a l... | Coppola, is a Tucker owner and displays his vehicle on the grounds of his winery. Tucker 48 was its original name, but it is often referred to as the Tucker Torpedo. This is actually incorrect; the name Torpedo was never used in conjunction with the production model, and the car's name was officially "Tucker 48". Devel... |
lack of time to develop such mechanically-complicated designs. The low-RPM 589-cubic-inch engine, individual torque converters, mechanical fuel injection, and the disc brakes were all dropped during the design and testing phase. Having run out of time to develop the 589-cubic-inch engine for the car, Tucker ultimately ... | Eddie Offutt, who would later help Tucker develop and build the first prototype of the Tucker '48. Tucker's outgoing personality and his involvement at Indianapolis made him well known in the automotive industry by 1939. Tucker Combat Car and the Tucker Gun Turret (1939–1941) In late 1937, while recovering in an Indian... |
to oust King Muskar XII. The sceptre was stolen in the hope that the king would abdicate. Tintin had a hand in defusing the situation by returning the sceptre just before St Vladmir's day. The Bordurians then announced they were withdrawing troops 15 miles from the borders. (The situation was very similar to that of An... | phrase "" ("Here I am, here I stay"). Syldavians seem to be fond of mineral water, which does not go down well with the whisky-drinking Captain Haddock, one of Tintin's travelling companions. The exact location of Syldavia is not given in the comics, and nothing more is known than that it is located on the Balkan penin... |
the oral culture of the Greeks that they deemed her one of the essential building blocks of civilization in their creation myth. Later, once written literature overtook the oral recitation of epics, Plato made reference in his Euthydemus to the older tradition of invoking Mnemosyne. The character Socrates prepares to r... | must needs begin my narrative with an invocation of the Muses and Memory" (emphasis added). Aristophanes also harked back to the tradition in his play Lysistrata when a drunken Spartan ambassador invokes her name while prancing around pretending to be a bard from times of yore. Cult While not one of the most popular di... |
motion picture "Bagdad" (song), a 2018 song by Rosalía "Bagdad", a song by American band Ra The Sala Bagdad (es:), an erotic theater in Barcelona, Spain See also Baghdad (disambiguation) | ghost town Arts and media Bagdad (film), a 1949 American motion picture "Bagdad" (song), a 2018 song by Rosalía "Bagdad", a song |
by the RIAA. They released two music videos for this album for the songs "Crazy Times" and "Five Candles (You Were There)". In 1999, Jars of Clay released their third album, If I Left the Zoo, which was produced by Dennis Herring. The record was their third to crossover into the mainstream, and it earned the band their... | Monsters, was released on September 5, 2006 and was labeled by Jars of Clay "their first ever rock record". In the September 2006 edition of CCM Magazine, the band credited fellow artist Ashley Cleveland with inspiring the improvisational sound of the album. The magazine called it "the most profound album the Christian... |
was bottled in 7-ounce bottles (Coca-Cola and most other soft drinks were bottled in 6-ounce bottles). 7 Up was a privately held corporation owned by the original founding families until it was sold in 1978 to Philip Morris, which sold it in 1986 in two parts: the international division to PepsiCo and the US business t... | 7 Up, introduced in 2014 for a limited time, as well as a return in 2015 with newer branding. 7 Up Retro: This 2011 formulation uses sugar rather than HFCS as its sweetener. Introduced on the 2011 season finale of The Apprentice, packaging in 12-oz. cans features either the 1970s disco mirrorball-themed logo or the 198... |
1822 to 1874 1875 to 1970 1972 to 2020 See also List of heads of state | The timeline below shows the history of Fiji, from the ancient times to the present day. Early history 1822 to 1874 1875 to 1970 |
population. Its main towns are Labasa and Savusavu. In the northeast it features Natewa Bay, carving out the Loa peninsula. Both islands are mountainous, with peaks up to rising abruptly from the shore, and covered with tropical forests. Heavy rains (up to annually) fall on the windward (southeastern) side, covering th... | north, and the uninhabited coral atoll and cay Ceva-i-Ra or Conway Reef, to the southwest of main Fiji. Culturally conservative Rotuma with its 2,000 people on geographically belongs to Polynesia, and enjoys relative autonomy as a Fijian dependency. Fiji Television reported on 21 September 2006 that the Fiji Islands Ma... |
were affected by this change. Production transferred to other plants in England and Poland. In 2008, Monkhill Confectionery, the Own Label trading division of Cadbury Trebor Bassett was sold to Tangerine Confectionery for £58 million cash. This sale included factories at Pontefract, Cleckheaton and York and a distribut... | occurred in 1866 when Richard and George introduced an improved cocoa into Britain. A new cocoa press developed in the Netherlands removed some of the unpalatable cocoa butter from the cocoa bean. The firm began exporting its products in the 1850s. In 1861, the company created Fancy Boxes — a decorated box of chocolate... |
has been analysed by statistical bureaus since the 1880s. The Fijian Bureau of Statistics (FBOS) has performed this task since 1996, the first enumerated Fiji census when an independent country. The 2017 census found that the permanent population of Fiji was 884,887, compared to 837,271 in the 2007 census. The populati... | per 1 female. Indigenous Fijians, the native inhabitants of Fiji, are a mixture of Polynesian and Melanesian, resulting from the original migrations to the South Pacific over time. The Indo-Fijian population increased rapidly from the 61,000 people brought from the Indian subcontient (modern day Bangladesh, India, Paki... |
with the position automatically going to the leader of the political party or coalition that controlled a majority of seats. There were times, however, when there was no clear majority in the House of Representatives. The parliamentary election of 1992 was inconclusive, and the position of the largest party, the Soqoso... | chamber. Judicial branch Fiji maintains an independent judiciary, with judicial power vested in three courts (the High Court, Court of Appeal, and Supreme Court) established by the Constitution, which also makes provision for other courts to be set up by Parliament; Magistrates' Courts have accordingly been set up. The... |
well as for the national economy. He said that the government of India had loaned F$86 million for upgrading of Fiji's sugar mills, which would be completed in time for the 2007-2008 crushing season. On 28 December 2005, John Teiwa of the Coconut Industry Development Authority announced that a 20-year plan for the coco... | important as an export trade in the mid-1980s, when the pine plantations planted in the 1950s and 1960s began to mature. They sell much fish. Australia's Trade Commissioner Ross Bray revealed on 26 January 2006 that Fiji's exports to Australia are achieving an annual growth rate of 5%. More than 31,000 Australian compa... |
their profit. As a grocery wholesaler, Claud A. Hatcher purchased a large volume of Coca-Cola syrup from the local company salesman, Columbus Roberts. Hatcher felt that the company deserved a special reduced price for the syrup since it purchased such large volumes. Roberts would not budge on the cost, and a bitter con... | formula. He started developing products in the basement of the store with a recipe for ginger ale. Hatcher launched the Union Bottling Works in his family's grocery store. The first product in the Royal Crown line was Royal Crown Ginger Ale in 1905, followed by Royal Crown Strawberry, and Royal Crown Root Beer. The com... |
Products Subway's core product is the submarine sandwich (or "sub"). In addition to these, the chain also sells wraps, salad, paninis, and baked goods (including cookies, doughnuts, and muffins). Subway's best-selling sandwich, the B.M.T. (short for "Biggest, Meatiest, Tastiest"), contains pepperoni, salami, and ham. T... | a $4.99 footlong menu of five subs, at participating locations. In September 2018, Subway announced that they were going to discontinue the $5 footlong promotion. This would help them boost their franchise profits. Italian Hero In early 2017, Subway introduced its Italian Hero, and advertised it with a campaign describ... |
the landscape, and the presence of the mine and its infrastructure has attracted numerous other economic migrants from western Indonesia as well as other Papuans, some of whom have tried to settle on traditional Amungme lands. This has caused land dispute regarding customary land rights between the Amungme people again... | The Amungme are very tied to their ancestral land and consider the surrounding mountains to be sacred. This has led to friction with the Indonesian government, which is eager to exploit the vast mineral deposits contained there. Major changes in the Amungme of the highlands and Kamoro of the lowlands lifestyle have bee... |
ranchers, who want to destroy what remains of the forest to open the land for massive settlement. Today, only a handful of Enxet are still able to maintain their traditional way of life, while the majority live | still engaged in an ongoing conflict with the government and ranchers, who want to destroy what remains of the forest to open the land for massive settlement. Today, only a handful of Enxet are still able to maintain their traditional way of life, while the |
everyone else as a person into whom he had "leapt", and further has partial amnesia related to his own identity. A hologram of his friend Admiral Al Calavicci (Stockwell) appears, visible and audible only to Sam, and helps to explain to Sam that he must correct something that went wrong in the past, aided with the reso... | series was written by Mike Post. It was later rearranged for the fifth season, except for the series-finale episode, which featured the original theme music. Scores for the episodes were composed by Post and Velton Ray Bunch. A soundtrack album was first released in 1993, titled Music from the Television Series 'Quantu... |
culinary and medicinal reasons before the arrival of Europeans in North America. European culinary techniques have been applied to making traditional sassafras-based beverages similar to root beer since the 16th century. Root beer has been sold in confectionery stores since the 1840s, and written recipes for root beer ... | root beer that emerged during this period and is still well-known today. Safrole, the aromatic oil found in sassafras roots and bark that gave traditional root beer its distinctive flavor, was banned for commercially mass-produced foods and drugs by the FDA in 1960. Laboratory animals that were given oral doses of sass... |
1978–1979, 1982–1983, and 1983–1984. In the fall of 1981, to make more room for the expansion of The CBS Morning News, the Captain was moved to an earlier time slot of 7:00 am and cut to 30 minutes, sporting the new title Wake Up with the Captain. The show was moved again in the spring of 1982 to 6:30 am, a time when f... | the doors of the Treasure House from the inside, and viewers would catch their first glimpse of him. Then he would put the Treasure House keys on a nail, and the music would stop. However, sometimes the Captain could not get the keys to stay on the nail, and when they fell off, the theme music would begin playing again... |
Auguste clown who communicated by honking several horns attached to a belt around his waist. One honk meant "yes"; two meant "no". Clarabell often sprayed Buffalo Bob Smith with a seltzer bottle and played practical jokes. Keeshan had conflicts with Smith and in late 1952 left the show, or possibly was fired, after hir... | the last 14 years of his life in Norwich, Vermont, where he became a children's advocate, as well as an author. His memoirs, Good Morning, Captain, were published in 1995 by Fairview Press. He was a strong advocate against video game violence and took part in congressional hearings in 1993. He also joined with parents'... |
apparatus. The adult insect, known as an imago, is in total length in most species. The largest, the empress cicada (Megapomponia imperatoria), has a head-body length around , and its wingspan is . Cicadas have prominent compound eyes set wide apart on the sides of the head. The short antennae protrude between the eyes... | yangi, both males and females can stridulate. The sounds may further be modulated by membranous coverings and by resonant cavities. The male abdomen in some species is largely hollow, and acts as a sound box. By rapidly vibrating these membranes, a cicada combines the clicks into apparently continuous notes, and enlarg... |
his wife Krista Neumann, moved to Los Angeles, he moved there at the urging of his California agent, Maggie Henderson, and his New York agent, Jerry Hogan. As Bakula recalled in 2000: He was cast in two short-lived series: Gung Ho and Eisenhower & Lutz. During a Hollywood writers' strike, he returned to New York to sta... | performed various songs from his career for a one-night-only performance entitled An Evening with Scott Bakula at Sidney Harman Hall on January 18, 2008, as a benefit for the restoration of the historic Ford's Theater. Bakula had three appearances in 2008. He appeared as Atty. Jack Ross in an episode of Boston Legal, "... |
needed not a machine for living in but a work of art. Mackintosh took his inspiration from his Scottish upbringing and blended them with the flourish of Art Nouveau and the simplicity of Japanese forms. While working in architecture, Charles Rennie Mackintosh developed his own style: a contrast between strong right ang... | and shipbuilding in the world. As the city grew and prospered, a faster response to the high demand for consumer goods and arts was necessary. Industrialized, mass-produced items started to gain popularity. Along with the Industrial Revolution, Asian style and emerging modernist ideas also influenced Mackintosh's desig... |
Fisher in 1790, daughter of Alexander Fisher, a Glasgow merchant. They had one son, George Macintosh (1791–1848). In 1823, he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society for his chemical discoveries. In 1828, he became a partner with James Beaumont Neilson in a firm to exploit the latter's patent for the hot blast blowin... | was the cementing of two thicknesses of cloth together with natural rubber. The rubber is made soluble by the action of the naphtha. The naphtha was prepared by distillation of coal tar, with the Bonnington Chemical Works being a major supplier. Macintosh married Mary Fisher in 1790, daughter of Alexander Fisher, a Gla... |
created by Apple programmer Bryan Stearns with later versions created by Stearns and Francis Stanbach. TeachText was one of the only applications included with System 7, leading to its frequent role as the application to open "ReadMe" files. It was named "TeachText" as a nod to this role in tutorials and other introduc... | editing tool for the original 68000 Macintosh Development System. While Edit was a tool and demonstration program for developers, TeachText was used mainly by users to display ReadMe documents. Since the first Macintosh models came with a full-featured word processor, MacWrite, software publishers commonly shipped docu... |
built-in spell-checking service. The version included in Mac OS X v10.3 added the ability to read and write documents in Word format, and the version in Mac OS X v10.4 added the ability to read and write Word XML documents. The version included in Mac OS X v10.5 added read and write support for Office Open XML and Open... | (UTF-8 and UTF-16). TextEdit automatically adjusts letter spacing in addition to word spacing while justifying text. TextEdit does not support multiple columns of text. The high-resolution TextEdit 1.5 icon found in Mac OS X versions starting with 10.5 (Leopard) features an extract from Apple's "Think different" ad cam... |
Labs .rc (for "run commands"), a filename extension for configuration files in UNIX-like environments rc, a file extension and compiler for Microsoft Windows resource scripts Reconfigurable computing Release Candidate, a term used in software engineering RigidChips, a rigid body simulator program "Rivest's Cipher," a t... | R/C, Rc, or rc may refer to: Science and technology Computing rc, the default Command line interface in Version 10 Unix and Plan 9 from Bell Labs .rc (for "run commands"), a filename extension for configuration files in UNIX-like environments rc, a file extension and compiler for Microsoft Windows resource scripts Reco... |
This gives both the audience and the hosts of Fashion Police optimal coverage of the outfit. (Began in 2009) New segments from March 9, 2012, along with an all-new hour of truth of Fashion Police: Look Who's Trending, a weekly segment where the hosts talk about the latest celebrities' fashion dishes, news, and/or trend... | Rivers airing November 27, 2017, as it became clear the show could not continue without Joan or Melissa Rivers in some role. Hosts Timeline Departures In March 2015, Kelly Osbourne departed the program in late February 2015 after the February 23rd post-Oscars special show, citing her decision to "pursue other opportuni... |
Brands The 24th World Science Fiction Convention, also known as Tricon Tricon Containers - US Military cargo containers where 3 can be | may refer to: Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc., now known as Yum! Brands The 24th World Science Fiction Convention, |
with autocratic powers of the Athenian forces and left for Samos to rejoin his fleet and try and engage Lysander in battle. The Spartan navarch Lysander refused to be lured out of Ephesus to do battle with Alcibiades. However, while Alcibiades was away seeking supplies, the Athenian squadron was placed under the comman... | capitulate and bringing the Peloponnesian War to an end. He then played a key role in Sparta's domination of Greece for the next decade until his death at the Battle of Haliartus. Lysander's vision for Sparta differed from most Spartans; he wanted to overthrow the Athenian Empire and replace it with Spartan hegemony. E... |
"combinare". Twenty-one years on—despite changing times, fading traditions and 1970s liberation—the pair are expected to marry, or face the consequences, at any cost. A trailer for the film was released in July 2019. The premiere screening of Promised was held at the Lavazza Italian Film Festival, on 1 October 2019. Th... | Arena's latest venture, her new album Eleven, is so named because it is the 11th album of her recording career, but also because she likes its astrological implications' '11' being a figure of enlightenment and artistic sensitivity. Like its predecessor, 2013's Reset, Eleven is a pop-heavy collection, featuring songwri... |
was borrowed directly by West Germanic peoples, apparently because none of the Germanic gods were considered to be counterparts of the Roman god Saturn. Otherwise Old Norse and Old High German did not borrow the name of the Roman god (Icelandic , German ). In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Saturdays are days on which the... | and the astrological signs Capricorn and Aquarius. In popular culture Regional customs In most countries, Saturday is a weekend day (see workweek). In Australia, elections must take place on a Saturday. In Israel, Saturday is the official day of rest, on which all government offices and most businesses, including some ... |
abstinence from meat. The 1983 Code of Canon Law states: Canon 1250. The days and times of penance for the universal Church are each Friday of the whole year and the season of Lent. Canon 1251. Abstinence from meat, or from some other food as determined by the Episcopal Conference, is to be observed on all Fridays, unl... | gods. Another exception among the Romance languages is also Sardinian, in which the word is derived from Latin . This name had been given by the Jewish community exiled to the island in order to designate the food specifically prepared for Shabbat eve. In Arabic, Friday is , from a root meaning "congregation/gathering.... |
books) remain to read and study their holy scriptures. Practices in countries In Buddhist Thailand Thursday is considered the "Teacher's Day", and it is believed that one should begin one's education on this auspicious day. Thai students still pay homages to their teachers in specific ceremony always held on a selected... | weekdays, although the majority of shopping malls now are open until 8 pm or 9 pm every weekday. In the USSR of the 1970s and 1980s Thursday was the "Fish Day" (, Rybny den), when the nation's foodservice establishments were supposed to serve fish (rather than meat) dishes. For college and university students, Thursday... |
'water day'. In most of the languages of India, the word for Wednesday is — meaning 'day' and Budha being the planet Mercury. In Armenian ( ), Georgian ( ), Turkish (), and Tajik () languages the word literally means 'four (days) from Saturday' originating from Persian ( ). Portuguese uses the word , meaning 'fourth da... | lot like the German word it came from.) Most Slavic languages follow this pattern and use derivations of 'the middle' (Belarusian , Bulgarian , Croatian , Czech , Macedonian , Polish , Russian , Serbian or , Slovak , Slovene , Ukrainian ). The Finnish name is ('middle of the week'), as is the Icelandic name: , and the ... |
Octoechos contains hymns on this theme, arranged in an eight-week cycle, that are chanted on Tuesdays throughout the year. At the end of Divine Services on Tuesday, the dismissal begins with the words: "May Christ our True God, through the intercessions of his most-pure Mother, of the honorable and glorious Prophet, Fo... | the Spanish-speaking world; it is believed that this is due to the association between Tuesday and Mars, the god of war and therefore related to death. For both Greeks and Spanish-speakers, the 13th of the month is considered unlucky if it falls on Tuesday, instead of Friday. In Judaism, on the other hand, Tuesday is c... |
1979) Robert McCullough (1976–79) Nicole Cooper (1976–81) John Bowles (1977–81) Tina Arena (1974/1977–83; longest-serving cast member) Bobby Driessen (1979–83) Jodie Loebert (1980–83) Joe(y) Perrone (1980–84) Michael Campbell (1981–83) Karen Dunkerton (1981–85) Katie Van Ree (1981–86; 1987) Mark McCormack (1982–83) Dan... | the series and continue working as performers include Tina Arena, Vikki Broughton, Jane Scali, Jamie Redfern, Dannii Minogue, Karen Knowles, Sally Boyden, and Debra Byrne and John Bowles. The show had a policy that when team members reached 16 years of age, they had to leave the series and move on, but this rule would ... |
began a long world tour, called "Warriors of the World United Tour" that kept them busy and away from a recording studio for a long time. To compensate for the lack of studio albums, the band released several DVDs: in 2002 the video Fire and Blood, in 2003 Hell on Earth Part III and in 2005 Hell on Earth Part IV. These... | distribution and increased the band's prominence in the international heavy metal scene. Album art was designed by Ken Kelly. In 1988, Manowar released the album Kings of Metal, which is the band's best known work. Songs like "Heart of Steel", "Kings of Metal" and "Hail and Kill" are performed regularly in concerts. Ki... |
of gamma-ray emitting solar flares at least since the solar cycle 19. The period has since been confirmed in most heliophysics data and the interplanetary magnetic field and is commonly known as the Rieger period. The period's resonance harmonics also have been reported from most data types in the heliosphere. Post-eru... | Scientists are unable to forecast flares. Classification Soft X-ray classification The modern classification system for solar flares uses the letters A, B, C, M, or X, according to the peak flux in watts per square metre (W/m2) of soft X-rays with wavelengths , as measured by the GOES spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit... |
has been hard to examine and decipher, although observations continue with the help of the electromagnetic spectrum. Comparing chromosphere and photosphere Whilst the photosphere has an absorption line spectrum, the chromosphere's spectrum is dominated by emission lines. In particular, one of its strongest lines is the... | photosphere is homogeneous. A forest of hairy-appearing spicules rise from the homogeneous layer, some of which extend 10,000 km into the corona above. The density of the chromosphere is only 10−4 times that of the photosphere, the layer beneath, and 10−8 times that of the atmosphere of Earth at sea level. This makes t... |
rock band the Rolling Stones from their 1989 album Steel Wheels Television Terror (TV series), a Viceland documentary series "Terror" (Bottom), an episode of the British sitcom Bottom "Terrors", a 2011 episode of Young Justice The Terror (TV series), a 2018 AMC-TV series based on Dan Simmons' 2007 novel The Terror: Inf... | a song by My Ruin from Speak and Destroy "T-Error", a song by Die Ärzte from Geräusch "Terrifying" (song), by the British rock band the Rolling Stones from their 1989 album Steel Wheels Television Terror (TV series), a Viceland documentary series "Terror" (Bottom), an episode of the British sitcom Bottom "Terrors", a 2... |
in 1990, the show continued in reruns on the Nickelodeon cable network in the United States through 1994, when it was replaced with the similar themed domestic sketch comedy variety program All That. The show is the subject of the 2004 feature-length documentary You Can't Do That on Film, directed by David Dillehunt, w... | including Rekha Shah and James Tung, returned for some episodes. Opinions regarding the 1989 and 1990 episodes of YCDTOTV are mixed among longtime fans of the show, particularly in reference to the new episodes' increasing reliance on bathroom humor and more slime and water gags (which was supposedly at the request of ... |
software can be compiled to handle Cypherpunk messages as well; they are needed as reply blocks for nym servers. See also Anonymity Anonymous P2P Anonymous remailer Cypherpunk anonymous remailer (Type I) Mixminion (Type III) Onion routing Tor (network) Pseudonymous remailer (a.k.a. nym servers) Penet remailer Data priv... | network. History Mixmaster was originally written by Lance Cottrell, and was maintained by Len Sassaman. Peter Palfrader is the current maintainer. Current Mixmaster software can be compiled to handle Cypherpunk messages as well; they are needed as reply blocks for nym servers. See also Anonymity Anonymous P2P Anonymou... |
a reply address must be included in the body of the email. Also, Mixmaster remailers require the use of a computer program to write messages. Such programs are not supplied as a standard part of most operating systems or mail management systems. Mixminion remailers, also called Type III A Mixminion remailer attempts to... | applies to e-mails intended for particular recipients, not the general public. Anonymity in the latter case is more easily addressed by using any of several methods of anonymous publication. Types of remailer There are several strategies that affect the anonymity of the handled e-mail. In general, different classes of ... |
VIII is forced out of Cappadocia by Mithridates, and dies soon afterwards. Asia Sujin becomes emperor of Japan (approximate date). By topic Religion Joseph, the husband of Mary the mother of Jesus, and his "earthly-father" - in distinction to God the Father, his "heavenly father" - is born. According to some accounts, ... | himself condemned for his remarks about the death of Saturninus. The Romans subdue the Maedi and Dardani. L. Domitius takes harsh measures to restore order in Sicily. The censors, Flaccus and Antonius, remove M. Duronius from the senate because of his opposition to sumptuary laws. A decree of the Roman Senate bans huma... |
desperado on the wrong side of the law, hence the name Desperate Dan. Later on, however, he switched sides and become a friendlier character, helping the underdog, although sometimes his great strength caused more harm than good. The first member of his family to appear in the strip was Aunt Aggie (issue 107, dated 16 ... | outlaw or ‘desperado’ (hence his name), but evolved into a more sympathetic type, using his strength to help the underdog. After Watkins’ death in 1969, the cartoons were drawn by many other artists, principally Ken H. Harrison, though the Watkins canon was often recycled. When the Dandy became digital-only in 2012, th... |
a single-page comic concentrating on one "kid" a week. Pearce retired, the strips were taken over by Tom Paterson before being mothballed and they were later collected into two annuals. As Dennis the Menace was revamped, he appeared less with other Beano characters and more by himself due to the popularity of his new T... | this, they consider him "one of the kids". When he moves to the Bash Street Academy 'Erbert receives contact lenses to improve his sight, discarding them when he returns to his old school. Freddy ("Fatty") Freddy's real name is Frederick Joseph Brown. A large, round boy who is always eating, only in later strips is he ... |
Mesoamerica and in Assyrian and Canaanite religions. Phoenicians, Carthaginians, and other members of early states sacrificed infants to their gods, as described in the table of the psychopathological effects of some forms of childrearing. According to deMause, in the most primitive mode of childrearing of the above-me... | In the Solomon Islands some people reportedly kill their first-born child. In rural India, rural China, and other societies, some female babies have been exposed to death. DeMause's argument is that the surviving siblings of the sacrificed child may become disturbed. Some states, both in the Old World and New World, pr... |
associates the incident with an open-air inscribed bema in the forum itself. The emperor Trajan constructed his own imperial forum in Rome accompanied by his Basilica Ulpia dedicated in 112. Trajan's Forum () was separated from the Temple of Trajan, the Ulpian Library, and his famous Column depicting the Dacian Wars by... | of the city in 615 and 626. The relics of Euphemia were reportedly translated to a new Church of St Euphemia in Constantinople in 680, though Cyril Mango argued the translation never took place. Subsequently, Asterius's sermon On the Martyrdom of St Euphemia was advanced as an argument for iconodulism at the Second Cou... |
them removing any identifying information from the header. Sending a Cypherpunk Message Step 1: Retrieving the remailer's Public Key. Generally you can get a Cypherpunk remailer's public key by sending an email message with the subject "remailer-key" to the server you wish to use. Step 2: Import remailer's public keys ... | with the subject "remailer-key" to the server you wish to use. Step 2: Import remailer's public keys into PGP or GPG. Step 3: Compose Message Compose the message in your favorite text editor, using the following template: :: Anon-To: <Recipient Email Address> ## Subject: <Subject> <Message Text> Step 4: Encrypt Message... |
in co-NP, in the sense that any problem in co-NP can be reformulated as a special case of any co-NP-complete problem with only polynomial overhead. If P is different from co-NP, then all of the co-NP-complete problems are not solvable in polynomial time. If there exists a way to solve a co-NP-complete problem quickly, ... | a co-NP-complete problem quickly, then that algorithm can be used to solve all co-NP problems quickly. Each co-NP-complete problem is the complement of an NP-complete problem. There are some problems in both NP and co-NP, for example all problems in P or integer factorization. However, it is not known if the sets are e... |
nodes of a weighted graph. This is commonly known as the travelling salesman problem. There are decision problems that are NP-hard but not NP-complete such as the halting problem. That is the problem which asks "given a program and its input, will it run forever?" That is a yes/no question and so is a decision problem.... | property of a class of problems that are informally "at least as hard as the hardest problems in NP". A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem. A more precise specification is: a problem H is NP-hard when every problem L in NP can be reduced in polynomial time to H; that is, assuming a solution ... |
BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman | the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic Consuls: Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos and Titus Didius The Senate passes the Lex Caecilia Didia which bans omnibus bills. Births Nigidius Figulus, Roman philosopher (probable date) (d. 45 BC) Terentia... |
all strings) are P-complete under polynomial-time reductions. If we use NC reductions, that is, reductions which can operate in polylogarithmic time on a parallel computer with a polynomial number of processors, then all P-complete problems lie outside NC and so cannot be effectively parallelized, under the unproven as... | string of n ones and zeros, where n = log T), then the obvious sequential algorithm can take time 2n. On the other hand, if T is written as a unary number (a string of n ones, where n = T), then it only takes time n. By writing T in unary rather than binary, we have reduced the obvious sequential algorithm from exponen... |
a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ahenobarbus and Longinus (or, less frequently, year 658 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 96 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method i... | has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic Consuls: Gaius Cassius Longinus and Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus Cyrene is left to the people of the Roman Republic by its ruler Ptolemy Apion. Greece Se... |
contained in PSPACE by the space hierarchy theorem. The transformations that are usually considered in defining PSPACE-completeness are polynomial-time many-one reductions, transformations that take a single instance of a problem of one type into an equivalent single instance of a problem of a different type. However, ... | and NP (non-deterministic polynomial time), but that is not known. It is known that they lie outside of the class NC, a class of problems with highly efficient parallel algorithms, because problems in NC can be solved in an amount of space polynomial in the logarithm of the input size, and the class of problems solvabl... |
(see the function problem article) or for FΔ2P (see the polynomial hierarchy article). An example of an NP-easy problem is the problem of sorting a list of strings. The decision problem "is string A greater than string B" is in NP. There are algorithms such as quicksort that can sort the list using only a polynomial nu... | words, a problem X is NP-easy if and only if there exists some problem Y in NP such that X is polynomial-time Turing reducible to Y. This means that given an oracle for Y, there exists an algorithm that solves X in polynomial time (possibly by repeatedly using that oracle). NP-easy is another name for FPNP (see the fun... |
and NP-easy. Clearly it is NP-hard. If we had a black box that solved FIND-SUBSET-SUM in unit time, then it would be easy to solve SUBSET-SUM. Simply ask the black box to find the subset that sums to zero, then check whether it returned a nonempty set. It is also NP-easy. If we had a black box that solved SUBSET-SUM in... | that solved SUBSET-SUM in unit time, then we could use it to solve FIND-SUBSET-SUM. If it returns false, we immediately return the empty set. Otherwise, we visit each element in order and remove it provided that SUBSET-SUM would still return true after we remove it. Once we've visited every element, we will no longer b... |
(FBA) for mainframes. At the programming level, these devices do not use the traditional CHR addressing, but reference fixed-length blocks by number, much like sectors in mini-computers. More correctly, the application programmer remains unaware of the underlying storage arrangement, which stores the data in fixed phys... | be confused with BBCCH and CCHHR, which are the addresses used by the channel program. CTR in this context may refer to either type of address, depending on the channel command. FBA In 1979 IBM introduced fixed block architecture (FBA) for mainframes. At the programming level, these devices do not use the traditional C... |
Pennsylvania Hyde Park (Hato Rey), a subbarrio of Hato Rey Sur, San Juan, Puerto Rico Hyde Park, Memphis, Tennessee Hyde Park (Austin, Texas) Hyde Park, Montrose, Houston, Texas Hyde Park, Utah Hyde Park (Augusta, Georgia) New York Hyde Park, New York, town in Dutchess County, New York, hometown of Franklin D. Roosevel... | (Austin, Texas) Hyde Park, Montrose, Houston, Texas Hyde Park, Utah Hyde Park (Augusta, Georgia) New York Hyde Park, New York, town in Dutchess County, New York, hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt Hyde Park (CDP), New York, a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Hyde Park Hyde Park (hamlet), New York,... |
class APSPACE, the set of all problems that can be solved by an alternating Turing machine in polynomial space. EXPTIME relates to the other basic time and space complexity classes in the following way: P ⊆ NP ⊆ PSPACE ⊆ EXPTIME ⊆ NEXPTIME ⊆ EXPSPACE. Furthemore, by the time hierarchy theorem and the space hierarchy th... | the following way: P ⊆ NP ⊆ PSPACE ⊆ EXPTIME ⊆ NEXPTIME ⊆ EXPSPACE. Furthemore, by the time hierarchy theorem and the space hierarchy theorem, it is known that P ⊊ EXPTIME, NP ⊊ NEXPTIME and PSPACE ⊊ EXPSPACE. Formal definition In terms of DTIME, Relationships to other classes It is known that and also, by the time hie... |
their setup, especially when taking the long term view. Some other operating systems have implemented their own generic frameworks for interfacing with any RAID controller, and provide tools for monitoring RAID volume status, as well as facilitation of drive identification through LED blinking, alarm management and hot... | across multiple drives can be managed either by dedicated computer hardware or by software. A software solution may be part of the operating system, part of the firmware and drivers supplied with a standard drive controller (so-called "hardware-assisted software RAID"), or it may reside entirely within the hardware RAI... |
by Patrick Leigh Fermor Other uses Maní (Amazonian legend), a legend of the indigenous tribe Tupi in Brazil Máni, a personification of the moon in Norse mythology Mani, short for the mantra of Avalokiteśvara, Om mani padme hum Mani Jewel, any of various jewels mentioned in Buddhist literature Al-Māniʿ, one of the names... | (), a given name and surname (including a list of people with the name) Mani (prophet) (c. 216 – 274), an Iranian prophet Mani (musician) (born 1962), an English rock musician Mani people, a Negrito ethnic group from Thailand Maniots, a Greek ethnic group native to the Mani peninsula Arts, entertainment, and media Mani... |
instead, we get the class , which is equal to by Savitch's theorem. A decision problem is if it is in , and every problem in has a polynomial-time many-one reduction to it. In other words, there is a polynomial-time algorithm that transforms instances of one to instances of the other with the same answer. problems migh... | solvable by a deterministic Turing machine in exponential space, i.e., in space, where is a polynomial function of . Some authors restrict to be a linear function, but most authors instead call the resulting class . If we use a nondeterministic machine instead, we get the class , which is equal to by Savitch's theorem.... |
damage the exhibit.) This large-scale excursion into the use of colour was good practice for the monthly colour covers he created for the Literary Review when Waugh became its editor in 1986. Rushton drew these covers along with the fortnightly caricatures for Private Eyes literary review page until he died. Rushton ha... | of a slimming programme, Don't Just Sit There. His first major health scare had been the onset of diabetes (the cause of his father's death in 1958). Having to give up beer, Rushton became, according to Ingrams, "quite grumpy as a result, but his grumpiness had an admirable and jaunty quality to it." A sudden loss of t... |
position at the crossroads of African-European interaction. He wrote that "Kru and associated languages were among the first to be encountered by European voyagers on what was then known as the Pepper Coast, a centre of the production and export of Guinea and melegueta pepper; a once staple African seaborne trade". The... | voyagers on what was then known as the Pepper Coast, a centre of the production and export of Guinea and melegueta pepper; a once staple African seaborne trade". The Kru languages are known for some of the most complex tone systems in Africa, rivaled perhaps only by the Omotic languages. Current status Recent documenta... |
is indicated by a tilde on the vowel. Tones are indicated by following signs: Very high tone is indicated by a double apostrophe ‹ ˮ › ; High tone is | Nyabwa-Nyédébwa, Nyedebwa or Nyaboa) language is a Kru language spoken in Ivory Coast. It is part of the Wee dialect continuum. Writing system Nasalisation is indicated |
company Grammophon-Philips Group, a previous name for record company PolyGram Greenwood Publishing Group, an educational and academic publisher in the USA Gas Powered Games, and their GPGNet online matchmaking | company Grammophon-Philips Group, a previous name for record company PolyGram Greenwood Publishing Group, an educational and academic publisher in the USA Gas Powered Games, and |
as the ratio of essential amino acids to daily dietary protein. Visceral fat cells will release their metabolic by-products in the portal circulation, where the blood leads straight to the liver. Thus, the excess of triglycerides and fatty acids created by the visceral fat cells will go into the liver and accumulate th... | Sub-Saharan African populations. Obesity plays an important role in the impairment of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism shown in high-carbohydrate diets. It has also been shown that quality protein intake during a 24-hour period and the number of times the essential amino acid threshold of approximately 10 g has been a... |
that, "Many technological nuances that have often been always highlighted as significant during the Natufian were already present during the Early and Middle EP [Epipalaeolithic] and do not, in most cases, represent a radical departure in knowledge, tradition, or behavior." Authors such as Christopher Ehret have built ... | achieved some 2,000 years later. Subsistence The Natufian people lived by hunting and gathering. The preservation of plant remains is poor because of the soil conditions, but wild cereals, legumes, almonds, acorns and pistachios may have been collected. Animal bones show that gazelle (Gazella gazella and Gazella subgut... |
laws of quantum mechanics are emergent and form a "quantum equilibrium" that is analogous to thermal equilibrium in classical dynamics, such that other "quantum non-equilibrium" distributions may in principle be observed and exploited, for which the statistical predictions of quantum theory are violated. It is controve... | particle detectors behave as if particles have been created or destroyed even when a true creation or destruction of particles does not take place. Curved space To extend de Broglie–Bohm theory to curved space (Riemannian manifolds in mathematical parlance), one simply notes that all of the elements of these equations ... |
as they move around a board representing the streets of London. It was first published in 1983. It is named after Scotland Yard - the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police Service in real-life. Scotland Yard is an asymmetric board game, during which the detective players cooperatively solve a variant of the purs... | game, Mr. X has to reveal his current position. Detectives will take this opportunity to refine their search and, if possible, plan ways to encircle him. After Mr. X has revealed himself, the types of transport that he uses on the next few turns limit the number of possible spaces that Mr. X could be on, providing usef... |
the West Frankish Kingdom, and crowned at Compiègne by Walter, archbishop of Sens. Other Frankish noblemen support the 8-year-old Charles the Simple (the posthumous son of the late king Louis the Stammerer). October – Alan I (the Great), count of Vannes, and his rival Judicael, unite their forces to defeat the Vikings ... | after a two-year reign (possibly murdered by his brother Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi, who succeeds him as ruler of the Emirate of Córdoba). China April 20 – Emperor Xi Zong (Li Xuan) dies of illness at Chang'an, after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his 21-year-old brother Zhao Zong, as ruler of the Tang Dynasty... |
Counter Creek marked by the West London railway line. To the north, the only obvious border line is Holland Park Avenue, to the north of which is the district of Notting Hill (another ancient manor), usually classed as within "North Kensington". In the north east is situated the large public Royal Park of Kensington Ga... | the Science Museum; the Victoria and Albert Museum; Heythrop College; Imperial College; the Royal College of Art and Kensington and Chelsea College. The Olympia Exhibition Hall is just over the western border in West Kensington. Administration Kensington is administered within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelse... |
of the privateers' ships since they were owned by the privateers. Etymology and history of nomenclature Marque derives from the Old English mearc, which is from the Germanic *mark-, which means boundary, or boundary marker. This is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *merǵ-, meaning boundary, or border. The Frenc... | privateers. Etymology and history of nomenclature Marque derives from the Old English mearc, which is from the Germanic *mark-, which means boundary, or boundary marker. This is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *merǵ-, meaning boundary, or border. The French marque is from the Provençal language marca, which i... |
principles of local causality. Complementarity of proffered descriptions: complementarity holds that no set of classical physical concepts can simultaneously refer to all properties of a quantum system. For instance, wave description A and particulate description B can each describe quantum system S, but not simultaneo... | matrix mechanics, and Feynman's path integral formalism—has been demonstrated. Interpretive challenges Abstract, mathematical nature of quantum field theories: the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics is abstract without clear interpretation of its quantities. Existence of apparently indeterministic and irrevers... |
Awards went gender-neutral in 2012, while the Daytime Emmy Awards introduced a single Outstanding Younger Performer in a Drama Series category in 2019 to replace their two gender-specific younger actor and actress categories. Award milestones Some notable records and facts about the Tony Awards include the following: P... | Best Costume Design (split into two categories: Best Costume Design in a Musical and Best Costume Design in a Play) Best Lighting Design (split into two categories: Best Lighting Design in a Musical and Best Lighting Design in a Play) Best Newcomer Best Revival (split into two categories: Best Revival of a Musical and ... |
persistent inbreeding, there is evidence that shows that inbreeding depression becomes less severe. This is associated with the unmasking and elimination of severely deleterious recessive alleles. However, inbreeding depression is not a temporary phenomenon because this elimination of deleterious recessive alleles will... | insects are not really fertilizing their eggs themselves, but instead are having this done by a parasitic tissue that infects them at birth,' says Laura Ross of Oxford University's Department of Zoology. ‘It seems that this infectious tissue derives from left-over sperm from their father, who has found a sneaky way of ... |
or the daughter of his father's sister to have sexual relations or marry. Instinctual and genetic explanations An explanation for the taboo is that it is due to an instinctual, inborn aversion that would lower the adverse genetic effects of inbreeding such as a higher incidence of congenital birth defects (see article ... | This occurs even if the other child is genetically unrelated. Humans have been argued to have a special kin detection system that besides the incest taboo also regulates a tendency towards altruism towards kin. Counter arguments One objection against an instinctive and genetic basis for the incest taboo is that incest ... |
optical material which is essentially flat. Diffractive optical elements have negative dispersion characteristics, complementary to the positive Abbe numbers of optical glasses and plastics. Specifically, in the visible part of the spectrum diffractives have a negative Abbe number of −3.5. Diffractive optical elements ... | aberration. There exists a point called the circle of least confusion, where chromatic aberration can be minimized. It can be further minimized by using an achromatic lens or achromat, in which materials with differing dispersion are assembled together to form a compound lens. The most common type is an achromatic doub... |
head of state of Tibet. In 1974, the 14th Dalai Lama rejected calls for Tibetan independence, and he became permanent head of the Tibetan Administration and the executive functions for Tibetans-in-exile in 1991. In March 2011, at 71 years of age, he decided not to assume any political and administrative authority, the ... | in 2018. Trump's proposal was criticised heavily by members of the Democratic Party like Nancy Pelosi, and co-chair of the bipartisan Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission, Jim McGovern. In February 2020 at the annual National Prayer Breakfast, Pelosi prayed as Trump attended; "Let us pray for the Panchen Lama and all the... |
names as surname. History Liu was a place name in ancient China (located in present-day Henan). The Liu family name has two main origins from this place name. Kongjia, the fourteenth King of the Xia dynasty, was given a male and a female dragon as a reward for his obedience to the god of heaven, but could not train the... | dragon-trainer named Liu Lei (劉累), who had learned how to train dragons from Huanlong. Liu Lei was a descendant of Emperor Yao, won the admiration of King KongJia for his skill in raising dragons. In order to reward Liu Lei, King KongJia granted him Liu (place) as his fief. Liu Lei took the name of his fief as his fami... |
only two people per square kilometer, Tibet has the lowest population density among any of the Chinese province-level administrative regions, mostly due to its harsh and rugged terrain. In 2011 the Tibetan population was three million. The ethnic Tibetans, comprising 90.48% of the population, mainly adhere to Tibetan B... | The Yarlung Tsangpo Canyon, formed by a horseshoe bend in the river where it flows around Namcha Barwa, is the deepest and possibly longest canyon in the world. Among the mountains there are many narrow valleys. The valleys of Lhasa, Xigazê, Gyantse and the Brahmaputra are free from permafrost, covered with good soil a... |
used spoken dialect Tibetan pinyin, a method of writing Standard Tibetan in Latin script Tibetan script any other of the Tibetic languages Tibetan may additionally refer to: Culture Old Tibetan, an era of Tibetan history Tibetan art Music of Tibet Tibetan rug Tibetan culture Tibetan cuisine Religion Tibetan Buddhism Ti... | of writing Standard Tibetan in Latin script Tibetan script any other of the Tibetic languages Tibetan may additionally refer to: Culture Old Tibetan, an era of Tibetan history Tibetan art Music of Tibet Tibetan rug Tibetan culture Tibetan cuisine Religion Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Muslims Other uses Tibetan alphabet Tib... |
reasons. A ruler may bestow his own surname on those he considered to have given outstanding service to him; for example, the surname Liu () was granted by emperors in the Han dynasty, Li () during the Tang dynasty, and Zhao () from the Song dynasty. Others, however, may avoid using the name of a ruler, for example Shi... | xing were not permitted to marry each other and a woman married into an aristocratic clan needed to be of a different name. Based on observation of the evolution of characters in oracular scripture from the Shang dynasty through the Zhou: the 女 radical seems to appear during the Zhou period next to Shang sinograms indi... |
a portion of a web site available to other sites or individual subscribers Search syndication, a form of contextual advertising Syndicated loan, when a group of banks work together to provide funds for a borrower Really Simple Syndication, news feeds See | Web syndication, where web feeds make a portion of a web site available to other sites or individual subscribers Search syndication, a form of contextual advertising Syndicated loan, when a group of banks work together to provide |
Mid-1970s Lloyd Webber collaborated with Rice once again to write Evita (1978 in London/1979 in U.S.), a musical based on the life of Eva Perón. As with Jesus Christ Superstar, Evita was released first as a concept album (1976) and featured Julie Covington singing the part of Eva Perón. The song "Don't Cry for Me Argen... | performed at Windsor Castle. Several of the tunes were later used for Aspects of Love and Sunset Boulevard. Lloyd Webber premiered The Phantom of the Opera at Her Majesty's Theatre in the West End in 1986, inspired by the 1911 Gaston Leroux novel. He wrote the part of Christine for his then-wife, Sarah Brightman, who p... |
German 32-card Tod und Leben ("Life and Death"). Gameplay The objective of the game is to win all of the cards. The deck is divided evenly among the players, giving each a down stack. In unison, each player reveals the top card of their deck—this is a "battle"—and the player with the higher card takes both of the cards... | the cards as "prisoner"; this must not be one of their own cards. If they do, they put the card face up in front of them, away from the discard pile and the deck. When another battle is started, a player may choose to not play a card from their deck, and instead of the "prisoner" card. (They cannot look at the card the... |
Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic Consuls: Lucius Licinius Crassus and Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex Seleucid kingdom Philip I Philadelphus and Antiochus XI Ephiphanes succeed as co-rulers after the deposition of Seleucus VI Epiphanes. Ireland "Forty metre structure" at Emain Macha (near modern... | prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic Consuls: Lucius Licinius Crassus and Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex Seleucid kingdom Philip I Philadelphus and Antiochus XI Ephiphanes succeed as co-rulers after the deposition of Seleucus VI Epiphanes. Ireland "Forty metre structure" at Emai... |
to manage Star Trek into production, with a television film due to launch the new series at a cost of $3.2 million – which some claimed would have made it the most expensive television movie ever made to date. Roddenberry said that the show would continue to cover modern themes in a science fiction way as had the first... | main cast from The Original Series, as well as some of the actors who had played recurring characters. While none had been signed at the time, Roddenberry expressed confidence that they could do so with the exception of Leonard Nimoy, who had stated that he would not return to television. However, Nimoy said separately... |
granting full access to imperial libraries, and allocating funds for the costs of compilation, including research assistance by experienced historians such as Liu Ban (劉攽, 1022–88), Liu Shu (劉恕, 1032-78), and Fan Zuyu (范祖禹, 1041–98). After Yingzong died in 1067, Sima was invited to the palace to introduce his work-in-p... | October 1086), courtesy name Junshi, was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer. He was a high-ranking Song dynasty scholar-official who authored the monumental history book Zizhi Tongjian. Sima was a political conservative who opposed Wang Anshi's reforms. Early life Sima Guang was named after his birthplace Guān... |
most algorithms in RP are highly practical. The fraction 1/2 in the definition is arbitrary. The set RP will contain exactly the same problems, even if the 1/2 is replaced by any constant nonzero probability less than 1; here constant means independent of the input to the algorithm. Formal definition A language L is in... | with probability at least 1/2 (otherwise, it returns NO). In other words, the algorithm is allowed to flip a truly random coin while it is running. The only case in which the algorithm can return YES is if the actual answer is YES; therefore if the algorithm terminates and produces YES, then the correct answer is defin... |
for all strings w, V(x,w) rejects. The string w can be thought of as the proof of membership. In the case of short proofs (of length bounded by a polynomial in the size of the input) which can be efficiently verified (V is a polynomial-time deterministic Turing machine), the string w is called a witness. Notes: The def... | in expectation for every input. In other words, if the algorithm is allowed to flip a truly-random coin while it is running, it will always return the correct answer and, for a problem of size n, there is some polynomial p(n) such that the average running time will be less than p(n), even though it might occasionally b... |
In addition, cherry trees are susceptible to bacterial canker, cytospora canker, brown rot of the fruit, root rot from overly wet soil, crown rot, and several viruses. Cultivars The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: See cherry blossom and Prunus for ornamental tree... | cherry, birch bark cherry or Tibetan cherry Prunus serrulata Lindl. – Japanese cherry, hill cherry, Oriental cherry or East Asian cherry Prunus speciosa (Koidz.) Ingram – Oshima cherry Prunus takesimensis Nakai – Ulleungdo cherry Prunus yedoensis Matsum. – Yoshino cherry or Tokyo cherry Bush cherries Bush cherries are ... |
Valerius Flaccus and Marcus Herennius. Asia Minor Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios becomes king of Cappadocia with Roman backing. Arshak I becomes king of Caucasian Iberia after overthrowing Farnadjom. Asia End of era Taishi of Emperor Wu of Han China. Births Publius Clodius Pulcher, Roman politician (d. 52 BC) Deaths Antio... | the Year of the Consulship of Flaccus and Herennius (or, less frequently, year 661 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 93 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman republic Roman consuls:... |
Bithynia. China Approximate date – Sima Qian concludes writing the Records of the Grand Historian (太史公書). India Shakas start to control northwest India. Roman Republic Consuls: Gaius Coelius Caldus and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. The first (failed) attempt to open a Latin rhetorical school. Lucius Cornelius Sulla | and the Third Year of Taishi. Events By place Anatolia Approximate date – Nicomedes IV succeeds his father Nicomedes III as king of Bithynia. China Approximate date – Sima Qian concludes writing the Records of the Grand Historian (太史公書). India Shakas start to control northwest India. Roman Republic Consuls: Gaius Coeli... |
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