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human
Let $ABCD$ be an isosceles trapezoid with bases $AB=92$ and $CD=19$. Suppose $AD=BC=x$ and a circle with center on $\overline{AB}$ is tangent to segments $\overline{AD}$ and $\overline{BC}$. If $m$ is the smallest possible value of $x$, then $m^2$= $\text{(A) } 1369\quad \text{(B) } 1679\quad \text{(C) } 1748\quad \tex...
gpt
Note that the center of the circle is the midpoint of $AB$, call it $M$. When we decrease $x$, the limiting condition is that the circle will eventually be tangent to segment $AD$ at $D$ and segment $BC$ at $C$. That is, $MD\perp AD$ and $MC\perp BC$. From here, we drop the altitude from $D$ to $AM$; call the base $N$....
human
A circle of radius $r$ has chords $\overline{AB}$ of length $10$ and $\overline{CD}$ of length 7. When $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CD}$ are extended through $B$ and $C$, respectively, they intersect at $P$, which is outside of the circle. If $\angle{APD}=60^\circ$ and $BP=8$, then $r^2=$ $\text{(A) } 70\quad \text{(...
gpt
[asy] import olympiad; import cse5; import geometry; size(150); defaultpen(fontsize(10pt)); defaultpen(0.8); dotfactor = 4; path circ = Circle(origin, 1); pair A = dir(degrees(7pi/12)); pair D = dir(degrees(-5pi/12)); pair B = dir(degrees(2pi/12)); pair C = dir(degrees(-2pi/12)); pair P = extension(A, B, C, D); draw(...
human
In $\triangle{ABC}$, $\angle ABC=120^\circ,AB=3$ and $BC=4$. If perpendiculars constructed to $\overline{AB}$ at $A$ and to $\overline{BC}$ at $C$ meet at $D$, then $CD=$ $\text{(A) } 3\quad \text{(B) } \frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}\quad \text{(C) } 5\quad \text{(D) } \frac{11}{2}\quad \text{(E) } \frac{10}{\sqrt{3}}$
gpt
We begin by drawing a diagram.[asy] import olympiad; import cse5; import geometry; size(150); defaultpen(fontsize(10pt)); defaultpen(0.8); dotfactor = 4; pair A = origin; pair C = A+dir(55); pair D = A+dir(0); pair B = extension(A,A+dir(90),C,C+dir(-155)); label("$A$",A,S); label("$C$",C,NE); label("$D$",D,SE); label("...
human
[asy] draw((0,0)--(0,2)--(2,2)--(2,0)--cycle,dot); draw((2,2)--(0,0)--(0,1)--cycle,dot); draw((0,2)--(1,0),dot); MP("B",(0,0),SW);MP("A",(0,2),NW);MP("D",(2,2),NE);MP("C",(2,0),SE); MP("E",(0,1),W);MP("F",(1,0),S);MP("H",(2/3,2/3),E);MP("I",(2/5,6/5),N); dot((1,0));dot((0,1));dot((2/3,2/3));dot((2/5,6/5)); [/asy] If $A...
gpt
First, we find out the coordinates of the vertices of quadrilateral $BEIH$, then use the Shoelace Theorem to solve for the area. Denote $B$ as $(0,0)$. Then $E (0,1)$. Since I is the intersection between lines $DE$ and $AF$, and since the equations of those lines are $y = \dfrac{1}{2}x + 1$ and $y = -2x + 2$, $I (\dfra...
human
[asy] draw(circle((0,6sqrt(2)),2sqrt(2)),black+linewidth(.75)); draw(circle((0,3sqrt(2)),sqrt(2)),black+linewidth(.75)); draw((-8/3,16sqrt(2)/3)--(-4/3,8sqrt(2)/3)--(0,0)--(4/3,8sqrt(2)/3)--(8/3,16sqrt(2)/3),dot); MP("B",(-8/3,16*sqrt(2)/3),W);MP("B'",(8/3,16*sqrt(2)/3),E); MP("A",(-4/3,8*sqrt(2)/3),W);MP("A'",(4/3,8*s...
gpt
Using the tangent-tangent theorem, $PA=AB=PA'=A'B'=4$. We can then drop perpendiculars from the centers of the circles to the points of tangency and use similar triangles. Let us let the center of the smaller circle be point $S$ and the center of the larger circle be point $L$. If we let the radius of the larger circle...
human
[asy] draw((0,0)--(0,3)--(4,0)--cycle,dot); draw((4,0)--(7,0)--(7,10)--cycle,dot); draw((0,3)--(7,10),dot); MP("C",(0,0),SW);MP("A",(0,3),NW);MP("B",(4,0),S);MP("E",(7,0),SE);MP("D",(7,10),NE); [/asy] Triangle $ABC$ has a right angle at $C, AC=3$ and $BC=4$. Triangle $ABD$ has a right angle at $A$ and $AD=12$. Points $...
gpt
Let $F$ be the point such that $DF$ and $CF$ are parallel to $CE$ and $DE$, respectively, and let $DE = x$ and $BE^2 = 169-x^2$. Then, $[FDEC] = x(4+\sqrt{169-x^2}) = [ABC] + [BED] + [ABD] + [AFD] = 6 + \dfrac{x\sqrt{169-x^2}}{2} + 30 + \dfrac{(x-3)(4+\sqrt{169-x^2})}{2}$. So, $4x+x\sqrt{169-x^2} = 60 + x\sqrt{169-x^2}...
human
A quadrilateral that has consecutive sides of lengths $70,90,130$ and $110$ is inscribed in a circle and also has a circle inscribed in it. The point of tangency of the inscribed circle to the side of length 130 divides that side into segments of length $x$ and $y$. Find $|x-y|$. $\text{(A) } 12\quad \text{(B) } 13\qua...
gpt
Let $A$, $B$, $C$, and $D$ be the vertices of this quadrilateral such that $AB=70$, $BC=110$, $CD=130$, and $DA=90$. Let $O$ be the center of the incircle. Draw in the radii from the center of the incircle to the points of tangency. Let these points of tangency $X$, $Y$, $Z$, and $W$ be on $AB$, $BC$, $CD$, and $DA$, r...
human
[asy] pair A = (0,0), B = (7,4.2), C = (10, 0), D = (3, -5), E = (3, 0), F = (7,0); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle,dot); draw(A--E--F--C,dot); draw(D--E--F--B,dot); markscalefactor = 0.1; draw(rightanglemark(B, A, D)); draw(rightanglemark(D, E, C)); draw(rightanglemark(B, F, A)); draw(rightanglemark(D, C, B)); MP("A",(0,0),W);...
gpt
Label the angles as shown in the diagram. Since $\angle DEC$ forms a linear pair with $\angle DEA$, $\angle DEA$ is a right angle. [asy] pair A = (0,0), B = (7,4.2), C = (10, 0), D = (3, -5), E = (3, 0), F = (7,0); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle,dot); draw(A--E--F--C,dot); draw(D--E--F--B,dot); markscalefactor = 0.075; draw(...
human
A regular octahedron is formed by joining the centers of adjoining faces of a cube. The ratio of the volume of the octahedron to the volume of the cube is $\mathrm{(A) \frac{\sqrt{3}}{12} } \qquad \mathrm{(B) \frac{\sqrt{6}}{16} } \qquad \mathrm{(C) \frac{1}{6} } \qquad \mathrm{(D) \frac{\sqrt{2}}{8} } \qquad \mathrm{(...
gpt
Call the length of a side of the cube x. Thus, the volume of the cube is $x^3$. We can then find that a side of this regular octahedron is the square root of $(\frac{x}{2})^2$+$(\frac{x}{2})^2$ which is equivalent to $\frac{x\sqrt{2}}{2}$. Using our general formula for the volume of a regular octahedron of side length ...
human
How many cubic centimeters are in the volume of a cone having a diameter of 10cm and a height of 6cm? Express your answer in terms of $\pi$.
gpt
The radius of the base of the cone is $10/2 = 5$, so the volume of the cone is \[\frac{1}{3} \pi \cdot 5^2 \cdot 6 = \boxed{50 \pi}.\]
human
Let $P$ be a point outside of circle $O.$ A segment is drawn from $P$ such that it is tangent to circle $O$ at point $T.$ Meanwhile, a secant from $P$ intersects $O$ at $A$ and $B,$ such that $PA < PB.$ If $PA = 3$ and $PT = AB - PA,$ then what is $PB$?
gpt
First of all, we see that $PB = PA + AB = 3 + AB.$ By Power of a Point, we know that $(PA)(PB) = (PT)^2,$ so we have $3(PB) = (AB - 3)^2.$ [asy] unitsize(2 cm); pair A, B, O, P, T; T = dir(70); P = T + dir(-20); B = dir(150); O = (0,0); A = intersectionpoint(P--interp(P,B,0.9),Circle(O,1)); draw(Circle(O,1)); draw(...
human
A square flag has a red cross of uniform width with a blue square in the center on a white background as shown. (The cross is symmetric with respect to each of the diagonals of the square.) If the entire cross (both the red arms and the blue center) takes up 36% of the area of the flag, what percent of the area of the ...
gpt
The diagram can be quartered as shown:[asy] draw((0,0)--(0,5)--(5,5)--(5,0)--(0,0)); draw((0,1)--(4,5)); draw((1,0)--(5,4)); draw((0,4)--(4,0)); draw((1,5)--(5,1)); draw((0,0)--(5,5),dotted); draw((0,5)--(5,0),dotted); [/asy]and reassembled into two smaller squares of side $k$, each of which looks like this:[asy] draw(...
human
A triangle is inscribed in a circle. The vertices of the triangle divide the circle into three arcs of lengths 3, 4, and 5. What is the area of the triangle? $\mathrm{(A) \ 6 } \qquad \mathrm{(B) \frac{18}{\pi^2} } \qquad \mathrm{(C) \frac{9}{\pi^2}(\sqrt{3}-1) } \qquad \mathrm{(D) \frac{9}{\pi^2}(\sqrt{3}-1) } \qquad ...
gpt
The three arcs make up the entire circle, so the circumference of the circle is $3+4+5=12$ and the radius is $\frac{12}{2\pi}=\frac{6}{\pi}$. Also, the lengths of the arcs are proportional to their corresponding central angles. Thus, we can write the values of the arcs as $3\theta$, $4\theta$, and $5\theta$ for some $\...
human
In the figure, $AB \perp BC, BC \perp CD$, and $BC$ is tangent to the circle with center $O$ and diameter $AD$. In which one of the following cases is the area of $ABCD$ an integer? [asy] pair O=origin, A=(-1/sqrt(2),1/sqrt(2)), B=(-1/sqrt(2),-1), C=(1/sqrt(2),-1), D=(1/sqrt(2),-1/sqrt(2)); draw(unitcircle); dot(O); dr...
gpt
Let $E$ and $F$ be the intersections of lines $AB$ and $BC$ with the circle. One can prove that $BCDE$ is a rectangle, so $BE=CD$. In order for the area of trapezoid $ABCD$ to be an integer, the expression $\frac{(AB+CD)BC}2=(AB+CD)BF$ must be an integer, so $BF$ must be rational. By Power of a Point, $AB\cdot BE=BF^2\...
human
An isosceles trapezoid is circumscribed around a circle. The longer base of the trapezoid is $16$, and one of the base angles is $\arcsin(.8)$. Find the area of the trapezoid. $\textbf{(A)}\ 72\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 75\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 80\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 90\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{not uniquely determined}$
gpt
Let the trapezium have diagonal legs of length $x$ and a shorter base of length $y$. Drop altitudes from the endpoints of the shorter base to the longer base to form two right-angled triangles, which are congruent since the trapezium is isosceles. Thus using the base angle of $\arcsin(0.8)$ gives the vertical side of t...
human
The six edges of a tetrahedron $ABCD$ measure $7, 13, 18, 27, 36$ and $41$ units. If the length of edge $AB$ is $41$, then the length of edge $CD$ is $\textbf{(A)}\ 7\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 13\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 18\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 27\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 36$
gpt
By the triangle inequality in $\triangle ABC$, we find that $BC$ and $CA$ must sum to greater than $41$, so they must be (in some order) $7$ and $36$, $13$ and $36$, $18$ and $27$, $18$ and $36$, or $27$ and $36$. We try $7$ and $36$, and now by the triangle inequality in $\triangle ABD$, we must use the remaining numb...
human
$ABC$ is a triangle: $A=(0,0), B=(36,15)$ and both the coordinates of $C$ are integers. What is the minimum area $\triangle ABC$ can have? $\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{1}{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{3}{2} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{13}{2}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{there is no minimum}$
gpt
Let $C$ have coordinates $(p, q)$. Then by the Shoelace Formula, the area of $\triangle ABC$ is $\frac{3}{2} \lvert {12q-5p} \rvert$. Since $p$ and $q$ are integers, $\lvert {12q-5p} \rvert$ is a positive integer, and by Bezout's Lemma, it can equal $1$ (e.g. with $q = 2, p = 5$), so the minimum area is $\frac{3}{2} \t...
human
A ball was floating in a lake when the lake froze. The ball was removed (without breaking the ice), leaving a hole $24$ cm across as the top and $8$ cm deep. What was the radius of the ball (in centimeters)? $\textbf{(A)}\ 8 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 12 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 13 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 8\sqrt{3} \qquad \textbf{(...
gpt
Consider a cross-section of this problem in which a circle lies with its center somewhere above a line. A line segment of $8$ cm can be drawn from the line to the bottom of the ball. Denote the distance between the center of the circle and the line as $x$. We can construct a right triangle by dragging the center of the...
human
There are two natural ways to inscribe a square in a given isosceles right triangle. If it is done as in Figure 1 below, then one finds that the area of the square is $441 \text{cm}^2$. What is the area (in $\text{cm}^2$) of the square inscribed in the same $\triangle ABC$ as shown in Figure 2 below? [asy] draw((0,0)--...
gpt
We are given that the area of the inscribed square is $441$, so the side length of that square is $21$. Since the square divides the $45-45-90$ larger triangle into 2 smaller congruent $45-45-90$, then the legs of the larger isosceles right triangle ($BC$ and $AB$) are equal to $42$.[asy] draw((0,0)--(10,0)--(0,10)--cy...
human
Two of the altitudes of the scalene triangle $ABC$ have length $4$ and $12$. If the length of the third altitude is also an integer, what is the biggest it can be? $\textbf{(A)}\ 4\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 5\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 6\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 7\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$
gpt
Assume we have a scalene triangle $ABC$. Arbitrarily, let $12$ be the height to base $AB$ and $4$ be the height to base $AC$. Due to area equivalences, the base $AC$ must be three times the length of $AB$. Let the base $AB$ be $x$, thus making $AC = 3x$. Thus, setting the final height to base $BC$ to $h$, we note that ...
human
In the adjoining figure, $AB$ is a diameter of the circle, $CD$ is a chord parallel to $AB$, and $AC$ intersects $BD$ at $E$, with $\angle AED = \alpha$. The ratio of the area of $\triangle CDE$ to that of $\triangle ABE$ is [asy] defaultpen(fontsize(10pt)+linewidth(.8pt)); pair A=(-1,0), B=(1,0), E=(0,-.4), C=(.6,-.8)...
gpt
$ABE$ and $DCE$ are similar isosceles triangles. It remains to find the square of the ratio of their sides. Draw in $AD$. Because $AB$ is a diameter, $\angle ADB=\angle ADE=90^{\circ}$. Thus,\[\frac{DE}{AE}=\cos\alpha\]So\[\frac{DE^2}{AE^2}=\boxed{\cos^2\alpha}\]
human
It is desired to construct a right triangle in the coordinate plane so that its legs are parallel to the $x$ and $y$ axes and so that the medians to the midpoints of the legs lie on the lines $y = 3x + 1$ and $y = mx + 2$. The number of different constants $m$ for which such a triangle exists is $\textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad ...
gpt
In any right triangle with legs parallel to the axes, one median to the midpoint of a leg has slope $4$ times that of the other. This can easily be shown with coordinates: any triangle of this sort may be labelled with right angle at $P(a,b)$, other vertices $Q(a,b+2c)$ and $R(a-2d,b)$, and thus midpoints $(a,b+c)$ and...
human
In the configuration below, $\theta$ is measured in radians, $C$ is the center of the circle, $BCD$ and $ACE$ are line segments and $AB$ is tangent to the circle at $A$. [asy] defaultpen(fontsize(10pt)+linewidth(.8pt)); pair A=(0,-1), E=(0,1), C=(0,0), D=dir(10), F=dir(190), B=(-1/sin(10*pi/180))*dir(10); fill(Arc((0,0...
gpt
Well, the shaded sector's area is basically $\text{(ratio of } \theta \text{ to total angle of circle)} \times \text{(total area)} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi} \cdot (\pi r^2) = \frac{\theta}{2} \cdot (AC)^2$. In addition, if you let $\angle{ACB} = \theta$, then\[\tan \theta = \frac{AB}{AC}\]\[AB = AC\tan \theta = r\tan \thet...
human
A park is in the shape of a regular hexagon $2$ km on a side. Starting at a corner, Alice walks along the perimeter of the park for a distance of $5$ km. How many kilometers is she from her starting point? $\textbf{(A)}\ \sqrt{13}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{14}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt{15}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \sqrt{16}...
gpt
We imagine this problem on a coordinate plane and let Alice's starting position be the origin. We see that she will travel along two edges and then go halfway along a third. Therefore, her new $x$-coordinate will be $1 + 2 + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{7}{2}$ because she travels along a distance of $2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 1$ km...
human
A plane intersects a right circular cylinder of radius $1$ forming an ellipse. If the major axis of the ellipse of $50\%$ longer than the minor axis, the length of the major axis is $\textbf{(A)}\ 1\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{3}{2}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 2\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{9}{4}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 3$
gpt
We note that we can draw the minor axis to see that because the minor axis is the minimum distance between two opposite points on the ellipse, we can draw a line through two opposite points of the cylinder, and so the minor axis is $2(1) = 2$. Therefore, our answer is $2(1.5) = \boxed{3}$.
human
In $\triangle ABC, AB = 8, BC = 7, CA = 6$ and side $BC$ is extended, as shown in the figure, to a point $P$ so that $\triangle PAB$ is similar to $\triangle PCA$. The length of $PC$ is [asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(10)); pair A=origin, P=(1.5,5), B=(8,0), C=P+2.5*dir(P--B); draw(A--P--C--A--B--C); label("A"...
gpt
Since we are given that $\triangle{PAB}\sim\triangle{PCA}$, we have $\frac{PC}{PA}=\frac{6}{8}=\frac{PA}{PC+7}$. Solving for $PA$ in $\frac{PC}{PA}=\frac{6}{8}=\frac{3}{4}$ gives us $PA=\frac{4PC}{3}$. We also have $\frac{PA}{PC+7}=\frac{3}{4}$. Substituting $PA$ in for our expression yields $\frac{\frac{4PC}{3}}{PC+7}...
human
The length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is $h$ , and the radius of the inscribed circle is $r$. The ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the triangle is $\textbf{(A) }\frac{\pi r}{h+2r}\qquad \textbf{(B) }\frac{\pi r}{h+r}\qquad \textbf{(C) }\frac{\pi}{2h+r}\qquad \textbf{(D) }\frac{\pi r^2}{r^2+h^2}...
gpt
Since $rs = A$, where $r$ is the inradius, $s$ is the semiperimeter, and $A$ is the area, we have that the ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the triangle is $\frac{\pi r^2}{rs} = \frac{\pi r}{s}$. Now we try to express $s$ as $h$ and $r$. Denote the points where the incircle meets the triangle as $X,Y,Z$, ...
human
A sector with acute central angle $\theta$ is cut from a circle of radius 6. The radius of the circle circumscribed about the sector is $\textbf{(A)}\ 3\cos\theta \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 3\sec\theta \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 3 \cos \frac12 \theta \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 3 \sec \frac12 \theta \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 3$
gpt
Let $O$ be the center of the circle and $A,B$ be two points on the circle such that $\angle AOB = \theta$. If the circle circumscribes the sector, then the circle must circumscribe $\triangle AOB$. [asy] draw((-120,-160)--(0,0)--(120,-160)); draw((-60,-80)--(0,-125)--(60,-80),dotted); draw((0,0)--(0,-125)); draw(arc((0...
human
[asy] draw((0,0)--(2,2)--(5/2,1/2)--(2,0)--cycle,dot); MP("A",(0,0),W);MP("B",(2,2),N);MP("C",(5/2,1/2),SE);MP("D",(2,0),S); MP("a",(1,0),N);MP("b",(17/8,1/8),N); [/asy] In the accompanying figure, segments $AB$ and $CD$ are parallel, the measure of angle $D$ is twice that of angle $B$, and the measures of segments $AD...
gpt
With reference to the diagram above, let $E$ be the point on $AB$ such that $DE||BC$. Let $\angle ABC=\alpha$. We then have $\alpha =\angle AED = \angle EDC$ since $AB||CD$, so $\angle ADE=\angle ADC-\angle BDC=2\alpha-\alpha = \alpha$, which means $\triangle AED$ is isosceles. Therefore, $AB=AE+EB=\boxed{a+b}$.
human
In a triangle, the area is numerically equal to the perimeter. What is the radius of the inscribed circle? $\text{(A) } 2\quad \text{(B) } 3\quad \text{(C) } 4\quad \text{(D) } 5\quad \text{(E) } 6$
gpt
One of the most common formulas involving the inradius of a triangle is $A = rs$, where $A$ is the area of the triangle, $r$ is the inradius, and $s$ is the semiperimeter. The problem states that $A = p = 2s$. This means $2s = rs$, or $r = \boxed{2}$
human
In triangle $ABC$, angle $ACB$ is 50 degrees, and angle $CBA$ is 70 degrees. Let $D$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $A$ to $BC$, $O$ the center of the circle circumscribed about triangle $ABC$, and $E$ the other end of the diameter which goes through $A$. Find the angle $DAE$, in degrees. [asy] unitsize(1.5 ...
gpt
Since triangle $ACD$ is right, $\angle CAD = 90^\circ - \angle ACD = 90^\circ - 50^\circ = 40^\circ$. [asy] unitsize(2 cm); pair A, B, C, D, E, O; A = dir(90); B = dir(90 + 100); C = dir(90 - 140); D = (A + reflect(B,C)*(A))/2; E = -A; O = (0,0); draw(Circle(O,1)); draw(A--B--C--cycle); draw(A--D); draw(A--E); draw...
human
[asy] fill(circle((4,0),4),grey); fill((0,0)--(8,0)--(8,-4)--(0,-4)--cycle,white); fill(circle((7,0),1),white); fill(circle((3,0),3),white); draw((0,0)--(8,0),black+linewidth(1)); draw((6,0)--(6,sqrt(12)),black+linewidth(1)); MP("A", (0,0), W); MP("B", (8,0), E); MP("C", (6,0), S); MP("D",(6,sqrt(12)), N); [/asy] In ...
gpt
To make the problem much simpler while staying in the constraints of the problem, position point $C$ halfway between $A$ and $B$. Then, call $\overline{AC} = \overline{BC}=r$ . The area of the shaded region is then\[\frac{ \pi r^2 - \pi (r/2)^2 - \pi (r/2)^2}{2}=\frac{\pi r^2}{4}\]Because $\overline{CD}=r$ the area of ...
human
Increasing the radius of a cylinder by $6$ units increased the volume by $y$ cubic units. Increasing the height of the cylinder by $6$ units also increases the volume by $y$ cubic units. If the original height is $2$, then the original radius is: $\text{(A) } 2 \qquad \text{(B) } 4 \qquad \text{(C) } 6 \qquad \text{(D)...
gpt
We know that the volume of a cylinder is equal to $\pi r^2h$, where $r$ and $h$ are the radius and height, respectively. So we know that $2\pi (r+6)^2-2\pi r^2=y=\pi r^2(2+6)-2\pi r^2$. Expanding and rearranging, we get that $2\pi (12r+36)=6\pi r^2$. Divide both sides by $6\pi$ to get that $4r+12=r^2$, and rearrange to...
human
In $\triangle ABC$ lines $CE$ and $AD$ are drawn so that $\dfrac{CD}{DB}=\dfrac{3}{1}$ and $\dfrac{AE}{EB}=\dfrac{3}{2}$. Let $r=\dfrac{CP}{PE}$ where $P$ is the intersection point of $CE$ and $AD$. Then $r$ equals: [asy] size(8cm); pair A = (0, 0), B = (9, 0), C = (3, 6); pair D = (7.5, 1.5), E = (6.5, 0); pair P = in...
gpt
[asy] size(8cm); pair A = (0, 0), B = (9, 0), C = (3, 6); pair D = (7.5, 1.5), E = (6.5, 0); pair P = intersectionpoints(A--D, C--E)[0]; draw(A--B--C--cycle); draw(A--D); draw(C--E); label("$A$", A, SW); label("$B$", B, SE); label("$C$", C, N); label("$D$", D, NE); label("$E$", E, S); label("$P$", P, S); draw(P--B,dott...
human
Point $F$ is taken on the extension of side $AD$ of parallelogram $ABCD$. $BF$ intersects diagonal $AC$ at $E$ and side $DC$ at $G$. If $EF = 32$ and $GF = 24$, then $BE$ equals: [asy] size(7cm); pair A = (0, 0), B = (7, 0), C = (10, 5), D = (3, 5), F = (5.7, 9.5); pair G = intersectionpoints(B--F, D--C)[0]; pair E = i...
gpt
Let $BE = x$ and $BC = y$. Since $AF \parallel BC$, by AA Similarity, $\triangle AFE \sim \triangle CBE$. That means $\frac{AF}{CB} = \frac{FE}{BE}$. Substituting in values results in\[\frac{AF}{y} = \frac{32}{x}\]Thus, $AF = \frac{32y}{x}$, so $FD = \frac{32y - xy}{x}$. In addition, $DC \parallel AB$, so by AA Similar...
human
Acute-angled $\triangle ABC$ is inscribed in a circle with center at $O$; $\stackrel \frown {AB} = 120^\circ$ and $\stackrel \frown {BC} = 72^\circ$. A point $E$ is taken in minor arc $AC$ such that $OE$ is perpendicular to $AC$. Then the ratio of the magnitudes of $\angle OBE$ and $\angle BAC$ is: $\textbf{(A)}\ \frac...
gpt
[asy] draw(circle((0,0),1)); dot((-1,0)); pair A=(-1,0),B=(0.5,0.866),C=(0.978,-0.208),O=(0,0),E=(-0.105,-0.995); label("A",(-1,0),W); dot((0.5,0.866)); label("B",(0.5,0.866),NE); dot((0.978,-0.208)); label("C",(0.978,-0.208),SE); dot((0,0)); label("O",(0,0),NE); dot(E); label("E",E,S); draw(A--B--C--A); draw(E--O); [...
human
$\triangle ABC$ is inscribed in a semicircle of radius $r$ so that its base $AB$ coincides with diameter $AB$. Point $C$ does not coincide with either $A$ or $B$. Let $s=AC+BC$. Then, for all permissible positions of $C$: $\textbf{(A)}\ s^2\le8r^2\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ s^2=8r^2 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ s^2 \ge 8r^2 \qquad\\ ...
gpt
[asy] draw((-50,0)--(-30,40)--(50,0)--(-50,0)); draw(Arc((0,0),50,0,180)); draw(rightanglemark((-50,0),(-30,40),(50,0),200)); dot((-50,0)); label("A",(-50,0),SW); dot((-30,40)); label("C",(-30,40),NW); dot((50,0)); label("B",(50,0),SE); [/asy]Since $s=AC+BC$, $s^2 = AC^2 + 2 \cdot AC \cdot BC + BC^2$. Since $\triangle ...
human
Any five points are taken inside or on a square with side length $1$. Let a be the smallest possible number with the property that it is always possible to select one pair of points from these five such that the distance between them is equal to or less than $a$. Then $a$ is: $\textbf{(A)}\ \sqrt{3}/3\qquad \textbf{(B)...
gpt
Partition the unit square into four smaller squares of sidelength $\frac{1}{2}$. Each of the five points lies in one of these squares, and so by the Pigeonhole Principle, there exists two points in the same $\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{1}{2}$ square - the maximum possible distance between them being $\boxed{\frac{\sqrt{2}}...
human
In $\triangle ABC$ the median from $A$ is given perpendicular to the median from $B$. If $BC=7$ and $AC=6$, find the length of $AB$. $\textbf{(A)}\ 4\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{17} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 4.25\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 2\sqrt{5} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 4.5$
gpt
[asy] draw((-16,0)--(8,0)); draw((-16,0)--(16,-24)); draw((16,-24)--(0,24)--(0,-12)); draw((-16,0)--(0,24)); draw((0,2)--(2,2)--(2,0)); draw((0,-12)--(8,0),dotted); dot((16,-24)); label("C",(16,-24),SE); dot((-16,0)); label("A",(-16,0),W); dot((0,24)); label("B",(0,24),N); label("3",(8,-18),SW); label("3",(-8,-6),SW...
human
In $\triangle ABC$ the ratio $AC:CB$ is $3:4$. The bisector of the exterior angle at $C$ intersects $BA$ extended at $P$ ($A$ is between $P$ and $B$). The ratio $PA:AB$ is: $\textbf{(A)}\ 1:3 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 3:4 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 4:3 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 3:1 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 7:1$
gpt
[asy] draw((0,0)--(40,0)--(16,18)--(0,0)); draw((40,0)--(64,72)--(16,18)); draw((40,0)--(160,0)--(64,72),dotted); dot((0,0)); label("B",(0,0),SW); dot((16,18)); label("A",(16,18),NW); dot((40,0)); label("C",(40,0),S); dot((64,72)); label("P",(64,72),N); dot((160,0)); label("X",(160,0),SE); label("$4n$",(20,0),S); labe...
human
The base of a triangle is of length $b$, and the altitude is of length $h$. A rectangle of height $x$ is inscribed in the triangle with the base of the rectangle in the base of the triangle. The area of the rectangle is: $\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{bx}{h}(h-x)\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{hx}{b}(b-x)\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{bx...
gpt
Let $AB=b$, $DE=h$, and $WX = YZ = x$.[asy] pair A=(0,0),B=(56,0),C=(20,48),D=(20,0),W=(10,0),X=(10,24),Y=(38,24),Z=(38,0); draw(A--B--C--A); draw((10,0)--(10,24)--(38,24)--(38,0)); draw(C--D); dot(A); dot(B); dot(C); dot(D); dot(W); dot(X); dot(Y); dot(Z); dot((20,24)); label("$A$",A,S); label("$B$",B,S); label("$C$",...
human
Points $A$ and $B$ are selected on the graph of $y = -\frac{1}{2}x^2$ so that triangle $ABO$ is equilateral. Find the length of one side of triangle $ABO$. [asy] size(150); draw( (-4, -8) -- (-3.4641, -6)-- (-3, -9/2)-- (-5/2, -25/8)-- (-2,-2)-- (-3/2, -9/8) -- (-1, -1/2) -- (-3/4, -9/32) -- (-1/2, -1/8) -- (-1/4, -1/3...
gpt
Let the coordinates of $A$ be $(a_1,a_2)$. Then since $A$ is on the graph of $y=-\frac{1}{2}x^2$, we know that $a_2 = -\frac{1}{2}a_1^2$. We can also use our knowledge of special right triangles to write $a_2$ in terms of $a_1$. Let $C$ be the midpoint of $A$ and $B$ and let $O$ be the origin. Then $OCA$ is a 30-60-90 ...
human
[asy] unitsize(27); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); pair A,B,C,D,E,F,X,Y,Z; A=(3,3); B=(0,0); C=(6,0); D=(4,0); E=(4,2); F=(1,1); draw(A--B--C--cycle); draw(A--D); draw(B--E); draw(C--F); X=intersectionpoint(A--D,C--F); Y=intersectionpoint(B--E,A--D); Z=intersectionpoint(B--E,C--F); label("$A$",A,N); label(...
gpt
Let $[ABC]=K.$ Then $[ADC] = \frac{1}{3}K,$ and hence $[N_1DC] = \frac{1}{7} [ADC] = \frac{1}{21}K.$ Similarly, $[N_2EA]=[N_3FB] = \frac{1}{21}K.$ Then $[N_2N_1CE] = [ADC] - [N_1DC]-[N_2EA] = \frac{5}{21}K,$ and same for the other quadrilaterals. Then $[N_1N_2N_3]$ is just $[ABC]$ minus all the other regions we just co...
human
Let $P_{1}: y=x^{2}+\frac{101}{100}$ and $P_{2}: x=y^{2}+\frac{45}{4}$ be two parabolas in the Cartesian plane. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the common tangent line of $P_{1}$ and $P_{2}$ that has a rational slope. If $\mathcal{L}$ is written in the form $ax+by=c$ for positive integers $a,b,c$ where $\gcd(a,b,c)=1$, find $a+b+...
gpt
From the condition that $\mathcal L$ is tangent to $P_1$ we have that the system of equations $ax + by = c$ and ${y = x^2 + \frac{101}{100}}$ has exactly one solution, so $ax + b(x^2 + \frac{101}{100}) = c$ has exactly one solution. A quadratic equation with only one solution must have discriminant equal to zero, so we...
human
$\triangle DEF$ is inscribed inside $\triangle ABC$ such that $D,E,F$ lie on $BC, AC, AB$, respectively. The circumcircles of $\triangle DEC, \triangle BFD, \triangle AFE$ have centers $O_1,O_2,O_3$, respectively. Also, $AB = 23, BC = 25, AC=24$, and $\stackrel{\frown}{BF} = \stackrel{\frown}{EC},\ \stackrel{\frown}{AF...
gpt
[asy] size(150); defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); import markers; pair B = (0,0), C = (25,0), A = (578/50,19.8838); draw(A--B--C--cycle); label("$B$",B,SW); label("$C$",C,SE); label("$A$",A,N); pair D = (13,0), E = (11*A + 13*C)/24, F = (12*B + 11*A)/23; draw(D--E--F--cycle); label("$D$",D,dir(-90)); label("$E$",E,dir(0)); ...
human
$ABCD$ is a rectangular sheet of paper. $E$ and $F$ are points on $AB$ and $CD$ respectively such that $BE < CF$. If $BCFE$ is folded over $EF$, $C$ maps to $C'$ on $AD$ and $B$ maps to $B'$ such that $\angle{AB'C'} \cong \angle{B'EA}$. If $AB' = 5$ and $BE = 23$, then the area of $ABCD$ can be expressed as $a + b\sqrt...
gpt
Let $\angle{AB'C'} = \theta$. By some angle chasing in $\triangle{AB'E}$, we find that $\angle{EAB'} = 90^{\circ} - 2 \theta$. Before we apply the law of sines, we're going to want to get everything in terms of $\sin \theta$, so note that $\sin \angle{EAB'} = \sin(90^{\circ} - 2 \theta) = \cos 2 \theta = 1 - 2 \sin^2 \...
human
Triangle $ABC$ has an inradius of $5$ and a circumradius of $16$. If $2\cos{B} = \cos{A} + \cos{C}$, then the area of triangle $ABC$ can be expressed as $\frac{a\sqrt{b}}{c}$, where $a, b,$ and $c$ are positive integers such that $a$ and $c$ are relatively prime and $b$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Comp...
gpt
Using the identity $\cos A + \cos B + \cos C = 1+\frac{r}{R}$, we have that $\cos A + \cos B + \cos C = \frac{21}{16}$. From here, combining this with $2\cos B = \cos A + \cos C$, we have that $\cos B = \frac{7}{16}$ and $\sin B = \frac{3\sqrt{23}}{16}$. Since $\sin B = \frac{b}{2R}$, we have that $b = 6\sqrt{23}$. By ...
human
$A, B, C, D,$ and $E$ are collinear in that order such that $AB = BC = 1, CD = 2,$ and $DE = 9$. If $P$ can be any point in space, what is the smallest possible value of $AP^2 + BP^2 + CP^2 + DP^2 + EP^2$?
gpt
Let the altitude from $P$ onto $AE$ at $Q$ have lengths $PQ = h$ and $AQ = r$. It is clear that, for a given $r$ value, $AP$, $BP$, $CP$, $DP$, and $EP$ are all minimized when $h = 0$. So $P$ is on $AE$, and therefore, $P = Q$. Thus, $AP$=r, $BP = |r - 1|$, $CP = |r - 2|$, $DP = |r - 4|$, and $EP = |r - 13|.$ Squaring ...
human
$ABCD$, a rectangle with $AB = 12$ and $BC = 16$, is the base of pyramid $P$, which has a height of $24$. A plane parallel to $ABCD$ is passed through $P$, dividing $P$ into a frustum $F$ and a smaller pyramid $P'$. Let $X$ denote the center of the circumsphere of $F$, and let $T$ denote the apex of $P$. If the volume ...
gpt
As we are dealing with volumes, the ratio of the volume of $P'$ to $P$ is the cube of the ratio of the height of $P'$ to $P$. Thus, the height of $P$ is $\sqrt [3]{8} = 2$ times the height of $P'$, and thus the height of each is $12$. Thus, the top of the frustum is a rectangle $A'B'C'D'$ with $A'B' = 6$ and $B'C' = 8$...
human
Triangle $ABC$ has sides $\overline{AB}$, $\overline{BC}$, and $\overline{CA}$ of length 43, 13, and 48, respectively. Let $\omega$ be the circle circumscribed around $\triangle ABC$ and let $D$ be the intersection of $\omega$ and the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{AC}$ that is not on the same side of $\overline{...
gpt
The perpendicular bisector of any chord of any circle passes through the center of that circle. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{AC}$, and $R$ be the length of the radius of $\omega$. By the Power of a Point Theorem, $MD \cdot (2R - MD) = AM \cdot MC = 24^2$ or $0 = MD^2 -2R\cdot MD 24^2$. By the Pythagorean Theor...