question stringlengths 119 3.71k | answer stringlengths 7 1.94k |
|---|---|
chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ilc2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving th2 inflammation in crs; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be inve... | as ilc2s are elevated in patients with crswnp, they may drive nasal polyp formation in crs. ilc2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia and have a potential role in the activation and survival of eosinophils during the th2 immune response. the association of innate lymphoid cells in crs provides insig... |
phosphatidylethanolamine n-methyltransferase (pemt), a liver enriched enzyme, is responsible for approximately one third of hepatic phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. when fed a high-fat diet (hfd), pemt(-/-) mice are protected from hf-induced obesity; however, they develop steatohepatitis. the vagus nerve relays signal... | neuronal signals via the hepatic vagus nerve contribute to the development of steatohepatitis and protection against obesity in hfd fed pemt(-/-) mice. |
psammaplin a (psa) is a natural product isolated from marine sponges, which has been demonstrated to have anticancer activity against several human cancer cell lines via the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. new drugs that are less toxic and more effective against multidrug-resistant cancers are urgently ne... | psa significantly inhibited mcf-7/adr cells proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, with accumulation of cells in g2/m phase of the cell cycle. psa significantly decreased sirt1 enzyme activity and reduced expression of sirt1 protein in the cultured cells with greater potency than sirtinol or salermide. acet... |
this study examined links between dna methylation and birth weight centile (bwc), and explored the impact of genetic variation.
using humanmethylation450 arrays, we examined candidate gene-associated cpgs in cord blood from newborns with low (<15th centile), medium (40-60th centile) and high (>85th centile) bwc (n = 12... | we identified a novel biologically plausible candidate (fgfr2) for with bwc that merits further study. |
tumor microenvironment immunity is associated with breast cancer outcome. a high lymphocytic infiltration has been associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but the contribution to response and prognosis of immune cell subpopulations profiles in both pre-treated and post-treatment residual tumor is still un... | breast cancer immune cell subpopulation profiles, determined by immunohistochemistry-based computerized analysis, identify groups of patients characterized by high response (in the pre-treatment setting) and poor prognosis (in the post-treatment setting). further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the distribut... |
hidradenitis suppurativa (hs) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving intertriginous skin. previous epidemiologic studies have been limited by small sample size.
we sought to describe the prevalence and comorbidities of hs in a large patient care database.
in this retrospective case-control study, we chart-validate... | control subjects were not validated for absence of hs and comorbidity validation was not performed for either group. |
the interassay variability found in the measurement of testosterone (t) levels warrants the need for laboratories to validate their methods to establish trustworthy cut-off points for diagnosis of male hypogonadism. the aims of this study were to validate measurement of total t (tt) at our laboratory in order to obtain... | in men from the mediterranean region, values of tt>9.7 nmol/l, cft>0.22 nmol/l, and/or cbt>4.9 nmol/l make the presence of biochemical hypogonadism unlikely. according to the correlation between serum and st, the clinical value of st remains to be established. |
secretory phospholipases a2 (spla2) initiate the biosynthesis of eicosanoids, are increased in the airways of people with severe asthma, and induce mucin hypersecretion. we used il-13-transformed, highly enriched goblet cells and differentiated (ciliary cell-enriched) human bronchial epithelial cell culture to evaluate... | spla2 are secreted from ciliated cells and appear to induce mucin and cyslt secretion from goblet cells, strongly suggesting that airway goblet cells are proinflammatory effector cells. |
hyperglycemia on admission is associated with increased mortality rates in patients with st-elevation myocardial infarction (stemi) who are treated with either fibrinolytic therapy (ft) or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). however, data regarding the relationship between hyperglycemia and the success of... | in patients with stemi who undergo ft, admission hyperglycemia is an independent predictor of the failure of fibrinolysis. |
publication bias compromises the validity of systematic reviews. this problem can be addressed in part through searching clinical trials registries to identify unpublished studies. this study aims to determine how often systematic reviews published in emergency medicine journals include clinical trials registry searche... | systematic reviews published in emergency medicine journals do not routinely include searches of clinical trials registries. by helping authors identify unpublished trial data, the addition of registry searches may improve the validity of systematic reviews. |
obese patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf) have higher 90-day mortality after lung transplantation. we sought to determine whether body mass index (bmi) differentially modified the effect of transplant procedure type on 90-day mortality in ipf patients.
we analyzed data from the organ procurement and trans... | our results suggest that obese patients who receive a blt may be at higher risk of 90-day mortality compared with patients of normal weight. further study is needed to obtain more detailed information about comorbidities and other risk factors for early death that are not included in the optn database. |
schizophrenia is recognized as a disorder of the brain and neuronal connectivity. the neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (ncam1) gene plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal connectivity.
we conducted a two-stage association analysis on 17 ncam1 snps in two independent han chinese schizophrenia case-control cohorts (d... | our results provide direct evidence for ncam1 as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, which offers support to a neurodevelopmental model and neuronal connectivity hypothesis in the onset of schizophrenia. |
oxidative stress generated within inflammatory joints can produce autoimmune phenomena and joint destruction. radical species with oxidative activity, including reactive nitrogen species, represent mediators of inflammation and cartilage damage.
to assess serum nitric oxide as a marker of oxidative stress in egyptian p... | there are increased levels of nitric oxide in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. nitric oxide correlates significantly with disease activity, inflammatory markers and radiological joint status. |
activation of b cells is a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). syk and traf6 are key signaling molecules in b-cell activation through bcr and cd40/tlr, respectively. nevertheless, whether expression of syk and traf6 is altered in sle b cells remains unknown.
phosphorylation and/or expression of syk and traf... | our results suggest that the activated syk-mediated traf6 pathway leads to aberrant activation of b cells in sle, and also highlight syk as a potential target for b-cell-mediated processes in sle. |
the aim of this study was to determine the reasons for which erupted third molars (3m) are extracted in a sample of mexican patients.
a retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 83 patients attending exodontia (minor oral surgery) clinics of a public university in mexico (autonomous university of... | women and patients 18 to 34 years of age had erupted 3m extracted more frequently, primarily for prosthetic reasons. the age profile indicated a trend in demand for services that differ from those of overall tooth extractions, but not for the trend across gender. |
to measure the through-focus curve for eyes implanted with a type 1 boston keratoprosthesis (kpro) and compare it to that of pseudophakic controls with fixed pupil sizes. the results should assist in evaluating postoperative visual quality after surgery. they should also help to determine the necessary kpro inventories... | the kpro's wide depth-of-focus makes the visual acuity less dependent on an exact refractive correction at distance and explains the 'pseudoaccomodation' experienced by these patients. this is primarily due to the small pupil diameter of the kpro. the current manufacturing steps in 0.50 dioptre increments appears to be... |
larger food portions lead to increased intake but the mechanism behind this effect is unclear. we investigated the effect of portion size on bite size, eating rate, deceleration rate, and meal duration.
thirty-seven overweight women attended 5 visits after a 3 h fast and consumed a 229, 303, 400, 529 or 700 g portion o... | increasing portion size led to a larger bite size and faster eating rate, but a slower reduction in eating speed during the meal. these changes may underlie greater energy intakes with exposure to large portions. interventions to reduce bite size and slow eating rate may provide individuals with strategies to reduce th... |
pre-operative restaging ct scans are often performed routinely following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. there is a paucity of data on the utility of this common practice. we sought to determine how often restaging cts identified disease progression or regression that altered managemen... | because of the financial costs and established risks of intravenous contrast and cumulative radiation exposure, it may be advisable to take a more selective approach to preoperative imaging. larger, prospective studies may enable identification of an at-risk cohort who would benefit most from restaging ct. |
plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide (pp) rise upon food intake. although other pancreatic islet hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, have been extensively investigated, pp secretion and actions are still poorly understood.
the release of pp upon glucose stimulation and the effects of pp on glucagon and insulin s... | glucose stimulates pp secretion and pp inhibits glucagon release in mouse pancreatic islets. pp receptors are present in alpha-cells of mouse and human pancreatic islets. |
to review uk newspaper reports relating to do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (dnacpr) decisions in order to identify common themes and encourage dialogue.
an online media database (lexisnexis(®)) was searched for uk newspaper articles between 1993 and 2013 that referenced dnacpr decisions. legal cases, conce... | regarding dnacpr decision-making, the predominant theme was perceived lack of patient involvement, and, more recently, lack of surrogate involvement. negative language was common, especially when decisions were presumed unilateral. increased dialogue, and shared decision-making, is recommended. |
the interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment and surgery has been described as an important predictor of pathologic response to therapy in nonesophageal cancer sites. we retrospectively reviewed our experience with patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and esophagectomy to better understand the... | a longer interval between completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery was associated with higher pathologic complete response rates without an impact on surgical morbidity. |
to investigate whether epileptogenic focus localization is possible based on resting state connectivity analysis of magnetoencephalographic (meg) data.
a multivariate autoregressive (mvar) model was constructed using the sensor space data and was projected to the source space using lead field and inverse matrix. the ge... | our preliminary results suggest that accurate localization of the epileptogenic focus may be accomplished using noninvasive spontaneous "resting-state" recordings of relatively brief duration and without the need to capture definite interictal and/or ictal abnormalities. |
to assess the effect of treatment of seminal helicobacter pylori in infertile asthenozoospermic men.
in all, 223 infertile asthenozoospermic men were consecutively selected. they were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, semen analysis, and estimation of h pylori iga antibodies in their seminal fluid. inf... | h pylori treatment significantly improves sperm motility in infertile asthenozoospermic men with elevated seminal h pylori iga. |
in most cells, the cilium is formed within a compartment separated from the cytoplasm. entry into the ciliary compartment is regulated by a specialized gate located at the base of the cilium in a region known as the transition zone. the transition zone is closely associated with multiple structures of the ciliary base,... | our findings demonstrate that the ciliary gate can migrate away from the base of the cilium, thereby functioning independently of the centriole and of a static interaction with the axoneme to compartmentalize the site of axoneme assembly. |
active commuters have lower risk of chronic disease. understanding which of the, to some extent, modifiable characteristics of public transportation that facilitate its use is thus important in a public health perspective. the aim of the study was to examine the association between individual public transportation acce... | this study extends the knowledge about the driving forces of using public transportation for commuting by examining the individual public transportation accessibility. findings suggest that transportation accessibility supports active commuting and planning of improved public transit accessibility has thus a potential ... |
pathophysiological mechanisms leading to chordee in patients with hypospadias and to the hidden state of buried penis in the prepubic fat remain unclear. resection of dartos tissue usually makes the penis straight in patients with hypospadias and corrects it in those with buried penis, suggesting a common pathophysiolo... | congenital penile pathology (hypospadias, buried penis) is associated with structural anomalies in dartos tissue. further research is needed to unveil the pathophysiology of the condition. |
several risk factors have been claimed to predict the progression of clinically high grade t1 bladder tumors. however, these factors are not specific enough to define which patients should be treated immediately with radical cystectomy. therefore, it is critical to identify molecular markers that can help provide indiv... | δnp63 expression is a favorable prognostic factor in clinically high grade t1 bladder cancer. this marker identifies patients at low risk for progression who could benefit from conservative therapy with transurethral bladder tumor resection and bacillus calmette-guérin, avoiding over treatment with immediate radical cy... |
to date, no data is available about procalcitonin (pct) levels and its relevance to morbidity and graft function in the early phase after pediatric liver transplantation (pltx). the aim of this study was to analyse the prognostic relevance of early postoperative pct elevations in pediatric liver recipients.
thirty pedi... | high levels of pct after pltx are an early indicator of poor postoperative outcome and may reflect ischemia induced liver cell injury within the context of an ischemia- reperfusion injury. |
the purpose of this study was to assess liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (l-fabp) expression and its association with clinicopathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc).
l-fabp mrna expression in 57 samples of hcc and corresponding adjacent liver tissue and 8 normal liver tissue samples were examined b... | l-fabp was downregulated in hcc and could be served as a promising prognostic marker for hcc patients. |
vein bypass is an essential therapy for patients with advanced peripheral and coronary artery disease despite development of neointimal hyperplasia. we have shown that stimulation of the receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type-b receptor 4 (eph-b4) with its ligand ephrin-b2 prevents neointimal hyperplasia in murine vein g... | eph-b4 is present and functional in adult human saphenous veins, with intact downstream signaling pathways capable of no release and prevention of neointimal hyperplasia in vitro. adventitial delivery of ephrin-b2/fc activates endothelial eph-b4 in saphenous veins treated with arterial shear stress in vitro. these resu... |
low serum levels of vitamin d have been associated with depression in non-stroke subjects. our aim was to examine the possible association between serum vitamin d levels and the development of post-stroke depression (psd).
in total, 189 patients with acute ischaemic stroke were consecutively recruited. serum levels of ... | serum vitamin d levels within 24 h after admission are found to be associated with psd and may predict its development at 1 month post-stroke. |
barrett's esophagus (be) increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (eac). we found the risk to be be has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) on chromosome 6p21 (within the hla region) and on 16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene is foxf1. subsequently, the barrett's and esophageal a... | we identified 2 loci associated with risk of be and provided data to support a further locus. the genes we found to be associated with risk for be encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory response. |
danzhi xiaoyao san (dxs) is a canonical chinese medicine formula from principles of internal medicine, which was written during the ming dynasty. this formula is approved and commercialized for use in the prevention and treatment of affective disorders. this study is aimed to investigate the hypothesis that dxs treats ... | dxs exhibited antidepressant-like effects on rats exposed to cums. dxs reduced ido activity to shift the balance of the kyn/5-ht pathway toward the 5-ht pathway. |
prostate cancer is the world's leading cause of cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in men after lung cancer. differentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma from benign prostate lesions and hyperplasia sometimes cannot be done on the basis of morphologic findings. considering the fact that in the prostate a... | basal cell markers can help to distinguish prostate adenocarcinoma from cancer mimickers. |
disturbed sleep is associated with mood disorders. both depression and insomnia may increase the risk of disability retirement. the longitudinal links among insomnia, depression and work incapacity are poorly known.
we examined association of self-reported sleep quality with incident symptoms of depression and disabili... | lack of baseline diagnostic interviews; sleep quality based on self-report. |
phospholipase c epsilon 1 (plce1) plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and progression of several types of cancers. a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp, rs2274223) in plce1 has been identified as a novel susceptibility locus. the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of three potentially functional s... | these results suggest that variation in plce1 may be associated with gc risk in kashmir valley. |
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) is an important cause of cancer-related death worldwide. to improve prognoses in patients with escc, we evaluated the potential of transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein (tgfbi), which is overexpressed in escc, as a therapeutic candidate.
we examined the clinical signi... | high tgfbi expression in escc tissues could be a powerful biomarker of poor prognosis and hematogenous recurrence. tgfbi in stromal cells might be a promising molecular target for escc treatment. |
chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (carp) occurs more frequently in patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ipaa) with concomitant autoimmune disorders. the aim of this study was to assess the overlap between dysregulated immune features in patients with ipaa and their association with carp.
we identified 150 ... | there is marked overlap of certain immune markers in patients with pouch dysfunction, especially those with carp. microsomal antibody expression and elevated igg4-positive plasma cell infiltration were independent risk factors for carp. |
alternating hemiplegia of childhood and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism are two separate movement disorders with different dominant mutations in the same sodium-potassium transporter atpase subunit gene, atp1a3.
we present a child with topiramate-responsive alternating hemiplegia of childhood who was tested for an at... | the discordance of these phenotypes suggests that there are other undiscovered environmental, genetic, or epigenetic factors influencing the development of alternating hemiplegia of childhood or rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism. |
the principal oxidative-stress defense in the human parasite trypanosoma cruzi is the tryparedoxin-dependent peroxide detoxification pathway, constituted by trypanothione reductase (tryr), tryparedoxin (txn), tryparedoxin peroxidase (txnpx) and tryparedoxin-dependent glutathione peroxidase a (gpxa). here, metabolic con... | these quantitative kinetic and metabolic analyses pointed out to txn as a convenient drug target due to its low catalytic efficiency, high control on the flux of peroxide detoxification and role as provider of reducing equivalents to the two main peroxidases in the parasite. |
the role of kdr (vegfr-2/flk-1) in vascular formation has been well described, but the role of flt1 (vegfr-1) is not well studied and is generally considered as a decoy receptor for trapping vegf.
the effects of vegfr1/2 kinase inhibitor (vri) and calycosin on flt1 tyrosine kinase (tk) activity were evaluated by molecu... | flt1-tyrosine kinase (tk) activity contributed significantly in endothelial cells survival and vascular development during embryo angiogenesis in zebrafish by engaging pi3k/akt pathway. |
the capacity of toll-like receptor (tlr) 7/8 agonist-conjugated hepatitis b virus (hbv) proteins (hbv-ag) to overcome established hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-specific immune tolerance was explored.
a tlr7/8 agonist, cl097, was conjugated with alum-absorbed hbsag and hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag), as confirme... | immunization with cl097-conjugated hbv-ag reversed immune tolerance in hbv-tg mice and induced antigen-specific immune responses. tlr7/8 agonists appear to be potent adjuvants for the induction of antigen-specific th1 responses in an immune tolerant state. |
normal aging is associated with a decline in cognitive abilities, particularly in the domains of psychomotor speed and executive functioning. however, 'aging,' per se, is not a cause of cognitive decline but rather a variable that likely captures multiple accumulating biological changes over time that collectively affe... | lobar microbleeds, a marker of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, are associated with an accelerated rate of executive function decline. the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy may be an important source of cognitive decline in aging. future work should examine how cerebral amyloid angiopathy interacts with neurodegenera... |
in recent years, the relationship between physical activity (pa) and smoking cessation has been increasingly studied. however, very few studies have investigated the possible protective role of pa on smoking relapse on the long term.
this study evaluated the impact of self-reported pa in precessation on smoking relapse... | previous quit attempts and professional activity were positive predictors of smoking abstinence, with alcohol use disorder a negative predictor. pa was not found to be a significant predictor of smoking relapse, with only a positive interaction term seen for persons on antidepressant treatment. (am j addict 2014;xx:1-7... |
many assume that most patients hospitalized with heart failure (hf) are short of breath at rest (sobar). the national hf audit for england and wales suggests that this assumption is false, which has profound implications for management
a retrospective case-note review was carried out of patients hospitalized with hf to... | many patients admitted with hf are carbose. shortness of breath at rest may be more alarming, but those who are carbose have a worse prognosis, perhaps reflecting more severe right heart dysfunction. clinical trials of hospitalized hf may inappropriately exclude patients if they focus on shortness of breath at rest rat... |
duodenal stump disruption remains one of the most dreadful postgastrectomy complications, posing an overwhelming therapeutic challenge.
the present report describes the extremely rare occurrence of a delayed duodenal stump disruption following total gastrectomy with roux-en-y esophagojejunostomy for cancer, because of ... | several strategies have been proposed for the successful management post-gastrectomy duodenal stump disruption however; its treatment planning is absolutely determined by the presence or not of generalized peritonitis and hemodynamic instability with hostile abdomen. in such scenario, urgent reoperation is mandatory an... |
elevated lipoprotein-associated phospholipase a2 (lp-pla2) levels are associated with both coronary artery and cerebrovascular diseases. the clinical diagnosis of neurovascular events, specifically transient ischemic attack can be challenging, although there is disagreement among vascular trained neurologists regarding... | the results of our study do not support the early measurement of lp-pla2 mass or activity levels for confirming an ischemic etiology in patients experiencing minor or transient focal neurological events. |
recently, the role of osteoprotegerin (opg) in the pathogenesis of heart failure through different mechanisms has received much attention. subclinical changes in left ventricular (lv) function can be identified using quantification of myocardial strain, and global longitudinal strain (gls) is a superior predictor of ou... | plasma opg values could predict subclinical lv systolic dysfunction in diabetic hypertensive patients. |
burns are common and recurrent events treated by physicians on a daily basis at most emergency rooms around the world. there is a constant need to understand the physiopathology of burns, so as to minimize their devastating results. the objective of the present report is to describe a burn apparatus in association with... | this is a safe, reliable, easy to construct and use model that has the ability to produce a regular and uniform reproducible burn due to precise temperature control associated with standardized animal positioning. |
the goal of this study was to identify genetic determinants of plasma n-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (nt-proanp) in the general community by performing a large-scale genetic association study and to assess its functional significance in in vitro cell studies and on disease susceptibility.
genotyping was perfo... | this is the first large-scale genetic association study of circulating nt-proanp levels performed with replication and functional assessment that identified genetic variants in the mthfr-clcn6-nppa-nppb cluster to be significantly associated with nt-proanp levels. the clinical significance of this variation is related ... |
mycobacterium abscessus has emerged as a major pathogen in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients and has been associated with poor clinical outcomes, particularly following lung transplant. we investigated the acquisition of this bacterium in a cohort of pediatric cf patients.
demographic and patient location data were used to... | we have not demonstrated cross-transmission of m. abscessus within our hospital, except between 1 sibling pair. alternative routes of acquisition of m. abscessus infection, in particular the environment, require further investigation. |
bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for preterm birth. the various conventional methods for its diagnosis are laborious and not easily reproducible. molecular quantification methods have been reported recently, but the specific risk factors they might identify remain unclear.
a prospective multicenter national study i... | high vaginal loads of a. vaginae and g. vaginalis are associated with late miscarriage and prematurity in high-risk pregnancies. a high vaginal load of a. vaginae (dna level ≥10(8) copies/ml) identifies a population at high risk of preterm birth. further studies that both screen for and then treat a. vaginae are needed... |
extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type (enktl), is an aggressive type of lymphoma whose standard treatment and validated prognostic model have not yet been defined.
cd30 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry in 96 enktl patients, and the data were used to evaluate its relationship with clini... | our results showed that expression of cd30 was not related to response to treatment but was an independent prognostic factor for both os and pfs in enktl, nasal type, which suggests a role for cd30 in the pathogenesis of this disease and may support the incorporation of anti-cd30-targeted therapy into the treatment par... |
to observe the therapeutic effects of continuous plasma filtration absorption (cpfa) treatment on burn sepsis.
thirty burn patients with sepsis hospitalized in beijing fengtai you'anmen hospital from july 2009 to october 2012 were treated by cpfa for twice besides routine treatment. the blood samples were collected at ... | cpfa, which combines hemoabsorption and hemofiltration, can facilitate the treatment of burn sepsis by decreasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines efficiently, alleviating systemic inflammatory response, and improving the immune status. |
studies performed in andean populations living in high altitude, indicate that the reduced availability of oxygen could be associated to both a fetal growth retardation and a lower birth weight. these variables are predictive of morbidity and mortality during the first year of life.
to study perinatal variables of newb... | altitude of residence is related to a decrease in perinatal variables that proved to be less pronounced in newborns of mothers with a higher degree of aymara ancestry. results suggest a genetic adaptation to hypoxia that could be related to candidate genes linked to the capture, transport or utilization of oxygen. |
the aim of this study was to determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25(oh)d) and neuroimaging correlates of cerebral small vessel disease.
we identified 759 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. lacunes, white matter hyperintensity, and cerebral microbleed (cmb) w... | 25(oh)d is inversely associated with lacunes, white matter hyperintensity, and deep cmb. our findings suggest that 25(oh)d is linked to small vessel disease, and in future trials it should be tested whether 25(oh)d supplementation can prevent small vessel disease. |
the aims of this study were to demonstrate the tumorigenicity of cd133+ colon cancer cells in vitro, analyze the correlations between spheroid formation and clinicopathologic variables, and screen for overexpressed genes in cd133+ colon cancer stem cells. moreover, the aim of this study was to establish a living tumor ... | these findings indicate that cd133 is a valid marker for identifying cancer stem cells from fresh surgically resected colorectal cancer tissues. furthermore, we successfully established a living tumor tissue bank using surgically resected colorectal tissues with a viability of >70%. |
traumatic brain injury (tbi) affects millions of people each year and is characterized by direct tissue injury followed by a neuroinflammatory response. the post-tbi recovery period can be associated with a negative emotional state characterized by alterations in affective behaviors implicated in the development of alc... | these results show an association between post-tbi escalation of alcohol drinking and marked localized neuroinflammation at the site of injury. moreover, these results highlight the relevance of baseline alcohol preference in determining post-tbi alcohol drinking. further investigation to determine the contribution of ... |
to determine the effects of maternal undernutrition (mun) on the reproductive axis of aging offspring.
animal (rat) study.
research laboratory.
female sprague-dawley rats.
food restriction during the second half of pregnancy in rats.
circulating gonadotropins, antimüllerian hormone (amh), ovarian morphology, estrous cy... | our data indicate that the maternal nutritional environment programs the reproductive potential of the offspring through alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. the premature reproductive senescence in lbw offspring could be secondary to the development of obesity and hyperleptinemia in these animals in ... |
to determine whether granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) could prevent loss of spermatogenesis induced by busulfan chemotherapy via protection of undifferentiated spermatogonia, which might serve as an adjuvant approach to preserving male fertility among cancer patients.
laboratory animal study.
university.
l... | these results demonstrate that g-csf protects spermatogenesis from gonadotoxic insult (busulfan) in rodents, and this may occur via direct action on csf3r+ undifferentiated spermatogonia. g-csf treatment might be an effective adjuvant therapy to preserve male fertility in cancer patients receiving sterilizing treatment... |
a vaccine against hepatitis c virus (hcv) is unavailable and cost-effective antivirals that prevent hcv infection and re-infection, such as in the transplant setting, do not exist. in a search for novel and economical prophylactic agents, we examined the antiviral activity of saikosaponins (ssa, ssb2, ssc, and ssd) fro... | due to its potency, ssb2 may be of value for development as an antagonist of hcv entry and could be explored as prophylactic treatment during the course of liver transplantation. |
intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (icp) is defined by pruritus, elevated total fasting serum bile salts (tbs) and transaminases, and an increased risk of adverse fetal outcome. an accurate diagnostic marker is needed. increased serum autotaxin correlates with cholestasis-associated pruritus. we aimed at unraveling ... | increased serum autotaxin activity represents a highly sensitive, specific and robust diagnostic marker of icp, distinguishing icp from other pruritic disorders of pregnancy and pregnancy-related liver diseases. pregnancy and oral contraception increase serum autotaxin to a much lesser extent than icp. |
programs seek to expose trainees to research during residency. however, little is known in any formal sense regarding how to do this effectively, or whether these efforts result in more or better-quality research output.
the objective of our study was to evaluate a dedicated resident research program in terms of the qu... | currently in the united states, there are no standard policies or requirements that dictate how research should be incorporated in orthopaedic surgery residency training programs. the results of our study suggest that implementation of a dedicated resident research program improves the quantity and to some extent quali... |
heterotopic ossification (ho) may occur after musculoskeletal trauma, traumatic brain injury, and total joint arthroplasty. as such, ho is a compelling clinical concern in both military and civilian medicine. a possible etiology of ho involves dysregulated signals in the bone morphogenetic protein osteogenic cascade. c... | although mrna and protein knockdown were confirmed as a result of rnai treatments against runx2 and osx, complete elimination of mineralization processes was not achieved. rnai targeting mid- and late-stage osteoblast differentiation markers such as alp, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein) may produce the ... |
restoration of posterior condylar offset during tka is believed to be important to improving knee kinematics, maximizing rom, and minimizing flexion instability. however, controversy exists regarding whether there are important anatomic differences between sexes and whether a unisex knee prosthesis can restore the anat... | results of our study showed that knees in males exhibited greater posterior condylar offset and greater total condylar height at the medial and lateral femoral condyles, however, there were no sex differences in the ratio of posterior condylar offset to condylar height at either condyle. |
we sought to identify whether stable single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of various endocrine and immune molecules could be used as biomarkers associated with specific immune alterations and chronic stress measures in normal humans.
a total of 207 volunteer participants answered stress questionnaire and gave periphe... | the data support the notion that gene polymorphisms from various components of the psychoneuroendocrine-immune network may be useful as biomarkers to categorize individual stress-associated immune responses. |
researchers studying the murine response to stress generally use mice housed under standard, nationally mandated conditions as controls. few investigators are concerned whether basic physical aspects of mouse housing could be an additional source of stress, capable of influencing the subsequent impact of an experimenta... | taken together, these data show that housing temperature significantly influences the expression of hsps in mice after whole body heating and thus should be considered when stress responses are studied in mice. |
the important functions of the meniscus are shock absorption, passive stabilization and load transmission of the knee. because of the avascularity of two-thirds of the meniscal center region, the treatment of tears in this area is hard. recently, micrornas have been proven to play an important role in the pathogenesis ... | an intra-articular injection of ds mir-210 was effective in the healing of the damaged white zone meniscus through promotion of the collagen type 2 production from meniscus cells and through upregulated of vegf and fgf2 from synovial cells. |
protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (prmt5), is thought to play a role in epigenetic reprogramming of mouse germ cells. however, up to now there has been little information concerning its expression profile and effects on generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs) from somatic cells, in livestock. here, we h... | this study provides an efficient model for future studies on mechanisms underlying goat somatic cell reprogramming and differentiation. |
minimally invasive retroperitoneoscopic surgery (mis) for psoas abscess (pa) in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis is not well-illustrated and has not reached the status of being fully clinically assessed when we review the english literatures. the aim of this study is to introduce and investigate on efficacy and... | the retroperitoneoscopic technique for pa gain advantages in terms of shorter hospital stay, minimal invasiveness, absence of radiation, quicker recovery to daily life compared with percutaneous drainage, and anterior or posterior debridement surgery. despite the technique not been fully clinically proved, it seems to ... |
to evaluate the thickness of cartilage at the posterior aspect of the medial and lateral condyle in osteoarthritis (oa) knees compared to non-oa knees using computed tomography arthrography (cta).
535 consecutive knee ctas (mean patient age = 48.7 ± 16.0; 286 males), were retrospectively analyzed. knees were radiograph... | cartilage thickness at the non-weight-bearing posterior aspect of the medial condyle, but not of the lateral condyle, was increased in oa knees compared to non-oa knees. furthermore, cartilage thickness at the posterior aspect of the medial condyle increased with increasing k/l grade. |
to investigate the specific role of frizzled-related protein (frzb) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sfrp1) in the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (oa) using frzb(-/-) and sfrp1(-/-) mice in the destabilization of medial meniscus model (dmm), a slowly progressing model of oa. secreted frizzled-related p... | using the dmm model, we demonstrated that frzb and sfrp1 differentially modulate joint homeostasis in two distinct compartments of the joint. these data highlight the fine-tuning of wnt signaling in joint homeostasis and disease, show differential regulation of the cascade in cartilage and subchondral bone, and provide... |
recently, pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells has been displayed after producing adult mice, in tetraploid complementation assays. these studies lead us to the last piece of the puzzle for reprogramming somatic cells into fully pluripotent cells which function as embryonic stem cells in most applicatio... | we also directed differentiation of ips cells into chondrocytes, thus adipose-derived ips cells can be used as models to study chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage regeneration. |
several reports have indicated the benefits of the acute care surgery (acs) model in surgical outcomes. we tried to delineate the impact of the acs model on surgical efficiency and quality.
before the acs model was implemented, abdominal surgical emergencies were evaluated by an on-call nontrauma general surgeon (pre-a... | the acs model may improve abdominal surgical efficiency and quality. our study results echoed the benefits of the implementation of the acs model shown in north america. |
most hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) are associated with cirrhosis. portal hypertension (pht) and esophageal variceal bleeding (evb) can limit the patient's treatment options. surgical therapy in such patients is challenging. we performed devascularization plus liver resection or radiofrequency ablation (rfa) to treat... | rfa plus devascularization is the preferred treatment of hcc with evb. rfa plus devascularization should be considered in child-pugh class a patients below 50 years of age. |
assessment of the activity of thioridazine towards mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), in vitro and in vivo as a single drug and in combination with tuberculosis (tb) drugs.
the in vitro activity of thioridazine as single drug or in combination with tb drugs was assessed in terms of mic and by use of the time-kill kineti... | thioridazine is bactericidal towards mtb in vitro, irrespective the mycobacterial growth rate and results in enhanced activity of the standard regimen. the in vitro activity of thioridazine in potentiating isoniazid and rifampicin is not reflected by improved therapeutic efficacy in a murine tb-model. |
the prevalence of obesity in children is high, and many do not meet physical activity recommendations. the safe routes to school (srts) program encourages school-aged children to walk and bike to school. we assessed the condition of the walking/biking environment around schools in louisiana prior to the state's first s... | there is a role and a need for the srts program. the environment and other factors influence biking and walking to school. |
stroke is the third leading cause of invalidism and death in industrialized countries. there are conflicting reports about the effects of angiotensin ii on ischemia-reperfusion brain injuries and most data have come from chronic hypertensive rats. in this study, hypotensive and non-hypotensive doses of candesartan were... | angiotensin ii by stimulating at1 receptors, participates in ischemia-reperfusion injuries and edema formation. at1 receptor blockade with candesartan decreased ischemic brain injury and edema and improved neurological outcome. |
genetic haploinsufficiency of syngap1/syngap1 commonly occurs in developmental brain disorders, such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder. thus, studying mouse models of syngap1 haploinsufficiency may uncover pathologic developmental processes common among distinct brain dis... | pathogenic syngap1 mutations have a profound impact on the dynamics and structural integrity of pyramidal cell postsynaptic structures known to guide the de novo wiring of nascent cortical circuits. these findings support the idea that disrupted critical periods of dendritic growth and spine plasticity may be a common ... |
immunologic abnormalities have been found in bipolar disorder but pentraxin 3, a marker of innate immunity, has not been studied in this population.
levels of pentraxin 3 were measured in individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and non-psychiatric controls. linear regression models were used to compare the pe... | individuals with bipolar disorder have low levels of pentraxin 3 which may reflect impaired innate immunity. an increased understanding of the role of innate immunity in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder might lead to new modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. |
convulsions associated with fever and acute onset of unknown aetiology with case fatalities have become a long observed medical condition at the child health department of the korle-bu teaching hospital. children admitted to the department with seizures of undetermined origin and fever has been a source of diagnostic c... | non-polio enteroviruses and chikugunya virus were found not to be the etiologic agent responsible for the convulsion with neurologic morbidity observed in the ghanaian children. investigation for other viral agents is recommended. |
ex vivo heart perfusion (evhp) provides the opportunity to resuscitate unused donor organs and facilitates assessments of myocardial function that are required to demonstrate organ viability before transplantation. we sought to evaluate the effect of different oxygen carriers on the preservation of myocardial function ... | a whole blood-based perfusate (rbc+plasma) minimizes injury and provides superior preservation of myocardial function during evhp. the beneficial effect of plasma on the preservation of myocardial function requires further investigation. |
immune monitoring (im) has not been shown to be associated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy (cav).
maximal intimal area, average percent stenosis, plaque volume, and maximal intimal thickness (mit) were measured for matched baseline and one-yr ivus segments in a blinded fashion. patients were divided into quartiles ... | elevated early im scores are associated with progression of cav by ivus. these findings suggest the potential of im for tailoring of immunosuppressive regimens to minimize the progression of cav in high-risk patients. |
poultry remains a major source of foodborne bacterial infections. a variety of additives with presumed anti-microbial and/or growth-promoting effects are commonly added to poultry feed during commercial grow-out, yet the effects of these additives on the gastrointestinal microbial community (the gi microbiome) as the b... | over the 42 d experiment, the cecal bacterial community changed significantly as measured by a variety of ecological metrics and increases in the complexity of co-occurrence networks. management of poultry to improve animal health, nutrition, or food safety may need to consider the interactive effects of any treatments... |
palmitate, a saturated fatty acid (fa), is known to induce toxicity and cell death in various types of cells. resveratrol (rsv) is able to prevent pathogenesis and/or decelerate the progression of a variety of diseases. several in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown a protective effect of rsv on fat accumulation ... | our results suggest that rsv exerts its cytotoxic role in cancer cells exposed to a saturated fa context primarily by triglyceride accumulation inhibition, probably leading to an intracellular palmitate accumulation that triggers a lipid-mediated cell death. additionally, this cell death is promoted by er stress throug... |
in renal cell carcinoma (rcc), the prediction of metastasis via tumor prognostic markers remains a major problem. the objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)1 and cdk2 activity as a prognostic marker in human rcc.
surgical specimens were obtained from 125 patients with rcc w... | cdk1sa of tumors and the cdk2sa are both associated with recurrence and prognosis. |
to compare optic nerve head (onh) morphology between eyes with normal-tension glaucoma (ntg) and primary open-angle glaucoma (poag).
seventy-eight ntg patients and 78 poag patients matched according to age and axial length were analyzed. optic nerve head tilt and torsion were identified from cross-sectional images of o... | normal-tension glaucoma eyes had a greater onh torsion compared to poag eyes with matched axial length. the direction of the onh tilt and torsion was related to the location of the visual field defect only in ntg eyes. |
the aims of this study were to determine the effect of failed prior endovascular treatment (ev) on early and midterm outcomes of subsequent lower extremity open surgical (os) bypass.
patients undergoing infrainguinal bypass for critical limb ischemia (cli) from january 2008 to december 2011 were retrospectively reviewe... | previous failed ev should be predictive of poor outcome in patients undergoing distal os for cli. |
guillotine below-knee amputation (bka) for wet gangrene is an unfortunate complication of poorly controlled diabetes. we examined risk factors associated with wound complications after amputation formalization in this patient population.
retrospective data over a 4-year period were collected for patients undergoing gui... | after formalization of lower extremity amputation for wet gangrene, traditional markers of pad were not predictive of wound complications. although formalization of guillotine bka can safely be performed without significant delay, more thorough assessment of microvascular disease in the perioperative period may be usef... |
remote renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (iri) following infra-renal aortic occlusion leads to acute kidney injury and systemic inflammation. hydrogen sulfide is a mediator of iri and can ameliorate tissue injury in many organ systems. its role in vascular surgery has yet to be established. we assessed the role of hydr... | hydrogen sulfide has systemic and renal anti-inflammatory effects in remote iri following aortic occlusion in rats. |
gene flow from crops to their wild relatives has the potential to alter population growth rates and demography of hybrid populations, especially when a new crop has been genetically modified (gm). this study introduces a comprehensive approach to assess this potential for altered population fitness, and uses a combinat... | hybrid persistence was found to be highly dependent on the seed bank, suggesting that targeting hybrid seed survival could be an important management option in controlling hybrid persistence. for local risk mitigation, an increased focus on the wild parent is suggested. management actions, such as control of b. rapa, c... |
progression from actinic keratosis (ak) to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (iscc) of the skin is thought to occur after the development of full thickness epidermal neoplasia, as in the classic pathway of cervical cancer. nevertheless, cutaneous iscc may also directly arise from a proliferation of atypical basaloid cel... | direct invasion from proliferating basaloid atypical keratinocytes limited to the epidermal basal layer (ak i), known as the differentiated pathway, was the most common form of progression to cutaneous iscc in our series. on the other hand, stepwise progression from ak i to ak ii and ak iii (classic pathway) was seen t... |
ascent to high altitude leads to a reduction in ambient pressure and a subsequent fall in available oxygen. the resulting hypoxia can lead to elevated pulmonary artery (pa) pressure, capillary stress, and an increase in interstitial fluid. this fluid can be assessed on lung ultrasound (lus) by the presence of b-lines. ... | hiie led to an increase in b-lines at altitude after subacute exposure but not during acute exposure at equivalent simulated altitude. this may indicate pulmonary interstitial edema. |
to determine whether older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cognitive dysfunction have poorer metabolic control of glycosylated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than those without cognitive dysfunction.
prospective cohort study.
a minority cohort in new york city prev... | cognitive dysfunction in the mild range did not seem to affect diabetes mellitus control parameters in this multiethnic cohort of older adults with diabetes mellitus, although it cannot be excluded that cognitive impairment was overcome through assistance from formal or informal caregivers. it is possible that more-sev... |
to investigate whether serum anti-high mobility group box 1 (anti-hmgb1) antibodies are related to the development of skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle).
this study involved 21 sle patients with skin lesions, 18 without skin lesions, and 22 healthy controls. the presence and serum levels of anti-hmgb1-i... | based on the findings of the current study, it is unlikely that anti-hmgb1 antibodies play a role in the development of sle cutaneous lesions. |
excessive consumption of ethanol is one of the most common causes of acute and chronic pancreatitis. alterations to the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) also cause pancreatitis. however, little is known about the role of cftr in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced pancreatiti... | based on studies of human, mouse, and guinea pig pancreata, alcohol disrupts expression and localization of the cftr. this appears to contribute to development of pancreatitis. strategies to increase cftr levels or function might be used to treat alcohol-associated pancreatitis. |
flow-mediated dilation (fmd) is a complex mechanism involving several mediators, and different hemodynamic forces. temporally distinct fmd patterns can be elicited by ischemic stimulus. some subjects dilate early after cuff release, while others dilate later or do not dilate at all. aim of the present research was to v... | the present study demonstrates that age and blood viscosity but not the magnitude of ss explain the different timing of the dilatory response to ischemia. |
neutrophils can synthesize leukotriene b4 (ltb4) by activating the 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo)signaling pathway. ltb4 is a pro-inflammatory mediator associated with the etiology and progression of atherosclerosis. it can increase function and number of neutrophils in an autocrine manner. since hypercholesterolemia is associa... | hypercholesterolemia increases ltb4 production in neutrophils by increasing the nuclear localization of 5-lo, which is the result of its phosphorylation by activated erk1/2. |
the purpose of this study was to address the affects of mood modifying drugs on the transcriptome, in a tissue culture model, using qpcr arrays as a cost effective approach to identifying regulatory networks and pathways that might coordinate the cell response to a specific drug.
we addressed the gene expression profil... | cell line models offer a window of what might happen in vivo but have the benefit of being human derived and homogenous with regard to cell type. |
skeletal myoblasts fuse to form functional syncytial myotubes as an integral part of the skeletal muscle. during this differentiation process, expression of proteins for mechanical and electrical integration is seized, which is a major drawback for the application of skeletal myoblasts in cardiac regenerative cell ther... | although untreated skeletal myoblasts cannot couple to cardiomyocytes, we confirm that mechanical preconditioning enables transplanted skeletal myoblasts to functionally interact with cardiomyocytes in vivo and, thus, reinvigorate the concept of skeletal myoblast-based cardiac cell therapy. |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 5