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https://github.com/indian-institute-of-science-qc/qiskit-aakash
indian-institute-of-science-qc
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2019. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Size pass testing""" import unittest from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_dag from qiskit.transpiler.passes import Size from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase class TestSizePass(QiskitTestCase): """Tests for Depth analysis methods.""" def test_empty_dag(self): """Empty DAG has 0 size""" circuit = QuantumCircuit() dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = Size() _ = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(pass_.property_set["size"], 0) def test_just_qubits(self): """A dag with 8 operations and no classic bits""" qr = QuantumRegister(2) circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.h(qr[0]) circuit.h(qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = Size() _ = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(pass_.property_set["size"], 8) def test_depth_one(self): """A dag with operations in parallel and size 2""" qr = QuantumRegister(2) circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.h(qr[0]) circuit.h(qr[1]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = Size() _ = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(pass_.property_set["size"], 2) def test_size_control_flow(self): """A DAG with control flow still gives an estimate.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(5, 1) qc.h(0) qc.measure(0, 0) with qc.if_test((qc.clbits[0], True)) as else_: qc.x(1) qc.cx(2, 3) with else_: qc.x(1) with qc.for_loop(range(3)): qc.z(2) with qc.for_loop((4, 0, 1)): qc.z(2) with qc.while_loop((qc.clbits[0], True)): qc.h(0) qc.measure(0, 0) pass_ = Size(recurse=True) pass_(qc) self.assertEqual(pass_.property_set["size"], 19) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/kaelynj/Qiskit-HubbardModel
kaelynj
%matplotlib inline # Importing standard Qiskit libraries and configuring account from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer, IBMQ, BasicAer, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit.compiler import transpile, assemble from qiskit.quantum_info import Operator from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * from qiskit.visualization import * import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.colors as mcolors import numpy as np from matplotlib import rcParams rcParams['text.usetex'] = True #Useful tool for converting an integer to a binary bit string def get_bin(x, n=0): """ Get the binary representation of x. Parameters: x (int), n (int, number of digits)""" return format(x, 'b').zfill(n)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit qc = QuantumCircuit(12) for idx in range(5): qc.h(idx) qc.cx(idx, idx+5) qc.cx(1, 7) qc.x(8) qc.cx(1, 9) qc.x(7) qc.cx(1, 11) qc.swap(6, 11) qc.swap(6, 9) qc.swap(6, 10) qc.x(6) qc.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/ashishpatel26/IBM-Quantum-Challenge-Africa-2021
ashishpatel26
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram import numpy as np def NOT(inp): """An NOT gate. Parameters: inp (str): Input, encoded in qubit 0. Returns: QuantumCircuit: Output NOT circuit. str: Output value measured from qubit 0. """ qc = QuantumCircuit(1, 1) # A quantum circuit with a single qubit and a single classical bit qc.reset(0) # We encode '0' as the qubit state |0⟩, and '1' as |1⟩ # Since the qubit is initially |0⟩, we don't need to do anything for an input of '0' # For an input of '1', we do an x to rotate the |0⟩ to |1⟩ if inp=='1': qc.x(0) # barrier between input state and gate operation qc.barrier() # Now we've encoded the input, we can do a NOT on it using x qc.x(0) #barrier between gate operation and measurement qc.barrier() # Finally, we extract the |0⟩/|1⟩ output of the qubit and encode it in the bit c[0] qc.measure(0,0) qc.draw() # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = backend.run(qc, shots=1, memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return qc, output ## Test the function for inp in ['0', '1']: qc, out = NOT(inp) print('NOT with input',inp,'gives output',out) display(qc.draw()) print('\n') def XOR(inp1,inp2): """An XOR gate. Parameters: inpt1 (str): Input 1, encoded in qubit 0. inpt2 (str): Input 2, encoded in qubit 1. Returns: QuantumCircuit: Output XOR circuit. str: Output value measured from qubit 1. """ qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 1) qc.reset(range(2)) if inp1=='1': qc.x(0) if inp2=='1': qc.x(1) # barrier between input state and gate operation qc.barrier() # this is where your program for quantum XOR gate goes qc.cx(0, 1) # barrier between input state and gate operation qc.barrier() qc.measure(1,0) # output from qubit 1 is measured #We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') #Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = backend.run(qc, shots=1, memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return qc, output ## Test the function for inp1 in ['0', '1']: for inp2 in ['0', '1']: qc, output = XOR(inp1, inp2) print('XOR with inputs',inp1,inp2,'gives output',output) display(qc.draw()) print('\n') def AND(inp1,inp2): """An AND gate. Parameters: inpt1 (str): Input 1, encoded in qubit 0. inpt2 (str): Input 2, encoded in qubit 1. Returns: QuantumCircuit: Output XOR circuit. str: Output value measured from qubit 2. """ qc = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) qc.reset(range(2)) if inp1=='1': qc.x(0) if inp2=='1': qc.x(1) qc.barrier() # this is where your program for quantum AND gate goes qc.ccx(0,1,2) qc.barrier() qc.measure(2, 0) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = backend.run(qc, shots=1, memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return qc, output ## Test the function for inp1 in ['0', '1']: for inp2 in ['0', '1']: qc, output = AND(inp1, inp2) print('AND with inputs',inp1,inp2,'gives output',output) display(qc.draw()) print('\n') def NAND(inp1,inp2): """An NAND gate. Parameters: inpt1 (str): Input 1, encoded in qubit 0. inpt2 (str): Input 2, encoded in qubit 1. Returns: QuantumCircuit: Output NAND circuit. str: Output value measured from qubit 2. """ qc = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) qc.reset(range(3)) if inp1=='1': qc.x(0) if inp2=='1': qc.x(1) qc.barrier() # this is where your program for quantum NAND gate goes qc.ccx(0,1,2) if inp=='1': qc.x(2) qc.barrier() qc.measure(2, 0) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('aer_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = backend.run(qc,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return qc, output ## Test the function for inp1 in ['0', '1']: for inp2 in ['0', '1']: qc, output = NAND(inp1, inp2) print('NAND with inputs',inp1,inp2,'gives output',output) display(qc.draw()) print('\n') def OR(inp1,inp2): """An OR gate. Parameters: inpt1 (str): Input 1, encoded in qubit 0. inpt2 (str): Input 2, encoded in qubit 1. Returns: QuantumCircuit: Output XOR circuit. str: Output value measured from qubit 2. """ qc = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) qc.reset(range(3)) if inp1=='1': qc.x(0) if inp2=='1': qc.x(1) qc.barrier() # this is where your program for quantum OR gate goes qc.cx(0, 2) qc.cx(1, 2) qc.barrier() qc.measure(2, 0) # output from qubit 2 is measured # We'll run the program on a simulator backend = Aer.get_backend('aer_simulator') # Since the output will be deterministic, we can use just a single shot to get it job = backend.run(qc,shots=1,memory=True) output = job.result().get_memory()[0] return qc, output ## Test the function for inp1 in ['0', '1']: for inp2 in ['0', '1']: qc, output = OR(inp1, inp2) print('OR with inputs',inp1,inp2,'gives output',output) display(qc.draw()) print('\n') from qiskit import IBMQ #IBMQ.save_account("a68a35747d4eccd1d58f275e637909987c789ce5c0edd8a4f43014672bf0301b54b28b1b5f44ba8ff87500777429e1e4ceb79621a6ba248d6cca6bca0e233d23", overwrite=True) IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.providers() provider = IBMQ.get_provider('ibm-q') provider.backends() import qiskit.tools.jupyter # run this cell backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_quito') qc_and = QuantumCircuit(3) qc_and.ccx(0,1,2) print('AND gate') display(qc_and.draw()) print('\n\nTranspiled AND gate with all the required connectivity') qc_and.decompose().draw() from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor # run the cell to define AND gate for real quantum system def AND(inp1, inp2, backend, layout): qc = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) qc.reset(range(3)) if inp1=='1': qc.x(0) if inp2=='1': qc.x(1) qc.barrier() qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) qc.barrier() qc.measure(2, 0) qc_trans = transpile(qc, backend, initial_layout=layout, optimization_level=3) job = backend.run(qc_trans, shots=8192) print(job.job_id()) job_monitor(job) output = job.result().get_counts() return qc_trans, output backend layout = [0, 1, 2] output_all = [] qc_trans_all = [] prob_all = [] worst = 1 best = 0 for input1 in ['0','1']: for input2 in ['0','1']: qc_trans, output = AND(input1, input2, backend, layout) output_all.append(output) qc_trans_all.append(qc_trans) prob = output[str(int( input1=='1' and input2=='1' ))]/8192 prob_all.append(prob) print('\nProbability of correct answer for inputs',input1,input2) print('{:.2f}'.format(prob) ) print('---------------------------------') worst = min(worst,prob) best = max(best, prob) print('') print('\nThe highest of these probabilities was {:.2f}'.format(best)) print('The lowest of these probabilities was {:.2f}'.format(worst)) print('Transpiled AND gate circuit for ibmq_vigo with input 0 0') print('\nThe circuit depth : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[0].depth())) print('# of nonlocal gates : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[0].num_nonlocal_gates())) print('Probability of correct answer : {:.2f}'.format(prob_all[0]) ) qc_trans_all[0].draw() print('Transpiled AND gate circuit for ibmq_vigo with input 0 1') print('\nThe circuit depth : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[1].depth())) print('# of nonlocal gates : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[1].num_nonlocal_gates())) print('Probability of correct answer : {:.2f}'.format(prob_all[1]) ) qc_trans_all[1].draw() print('Transpiled AND gate circuit for ibmq_vigo with input 1 0') print('\nThe circuit depth : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[2].depth())) print('# of nonlocal gates : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[2].num_nonlocal_gates())) print('Probability of correct answer : {:.2f}'.format(prob_all[2]) ) qc_trans_all[2].draw() print('Transpiled AND gate circuit for ibmq_vigo with input 1 1') print('\nThe circuit depth : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[3].depth())) print('# of nonlocal gates : {}'.format (qc_trans_all[3].num_nonlocal_gates())) print('Probability of correct answer : {:.2f}'.format(prob_all[3]) ) qc_trans_all[3].draw()
https://github.com/nmoran/qiskit-qdrift-quid19
nmoran
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ, QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.providers.aer import noise # lib from Qiskit Aqua from qiskit.aqua.operators.common import evolution_instruction from qiskit.aqua import Operator, QuantumInstance from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import VQE, ExactEigensolver from qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA, SPSA, L_BFGS_B from qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RY, RYRZ, SwapRZ # lib from Qiskit Aqua Chemistry from qiskit.chemistry import QiskitChemistry from qiskit.chemistry import FermionicOperator from qiskit.chemistry.drivers import PySCFDriver, UnitsType from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.variational_forms import UCCSD from qiskit.chemistry.aqua_extensions.components.initial_states import HartreeFock driver = PySCFDriver(atom='H .0 .0 .0; Li .0 .0 1.6', unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() nuclear_repulsion_energy = molecule.nuclear_repulsion_energy num_particles = molecule.num_alpha + molecule.num_beta num_spin_orbitals = molecule.num_orbitals * 2 print('HF Done') h1 = molecule.one_body_integrals h2 = molecule.two_body_integrals ferOp = FermionicOperator(h1=h1, h2=h2) qubitOp = ferOp.mapping(map_type='jordan_wigner', threshold=10**-10) qubitOp.chop(10**-10) num_terms = len(qubitOp.paulis) max_term = max([np.abs(qubitOp.paulis[i][0]) for i in range(num_terms)]) error=.01 norm = 0 probs = [] for i in range(len(qubitOp.paulis)): norm += np.abs(qubitOp.paulis[i][0]) for i in range(len(qubitOp.paulis)): probs.append(np.abs(qubitOp.paulis[i][0])/norm) runs = 10 print('start of big loop') times = np.linspace(.05,.1,10) qdrift_av_counts=[] trotter_counts=[] #iterate through the list of durations for time_idx in range(len(times)): qdrift_gate_counts = [] num_time_slices = math.ceil((num_terms*max_term*times[time_idx])**2 / 2*error) #Iterate (runs) numbers of time to get average data for run in range(runs): random_pauli_list=[] #the number of steps from the norm, time, and error num_steps = math.ceil((2*norm*times[time_idx])**2 /error) standard_timestep = times[time_idx]*norm/num_steps for i in range(num_steps): idx = np.random.choice(num_terms,p=probs) #form the list keeping track of the sign of the coefficients random_pauli_list.append([np.sign(qubitOp.paulis[idx][0])*standard_timestep,qubitOp.paulis[idx][1]]) instruction_qdrift=evolution_instruction(random_pauli_list, evo_time=1, num_time_slices=1, controlled=False, power=1, use_basis_gates=True, shallow_slicing=False) print('completed {} qdrift evolution_instructions'.format(str(time_idx))) quantum_registers_qdrift = QuantumRegister(qubitOp.num_qubits) qc_qdrift = QuantumCircuit(quantum_registers_qdrift) qc_qdrift.append(instruction_qdrift, quantum_registers_qdrift) qc_qdrift = qc_qdrift.decompose() total_qdrift = 0 try: total_qdrift+=qc_qdrift.count_ops()['cx'] except: pass try: total_qdrift+=qc_qdrift.count_ops()['u1'] except: pass try: total_qdrift+=qc_qdrift.count_ops()['u2'] except: pass try: total_qdrift+=qc_qdrift.count_ops()['u3'] except: pass qdrift_gate_counts.append(total_qdrift) print('start of trotter evolution instruction') instruction_trotter=evolution_instruction(qubitOp.paulis, evo_time=times[time_idx], num_time_slices=num_time_slices, controlled=False, power=1, use_basis_gates=True, shallow_slicing=False) print('end of trotter evolution instruction - on to circuit construction') quantum_registers_trotter = QuantumRegister(qubitOp.num_qubits) qc_trotter = QuantumCircuit(quantum_registers_trotter) qc_trotter.append(instruction_trotter, quantum_registers_trotter) qc_trotter = qc_trotter.decompose() total_trotter = 0 try: total_trotter+=qc_trotter.count_ops()['cx'] except: pass try: total_trotter+=qc_trotter.count_ops()['u1'] except: pass try: total_trotter+=qc_trotter.count_ops()['u2'] except: pass try: total_trotter+=qc_trotter.count_ops()['u3'] except: pass trotter_counts.append(total_trotter) qdrift_av_counts.append(sum(qdrift_gate_counts)/len(qdrift_gate_counts)) print('got through {} iterations'.format(str(time_idx))) plt.plot(times,qdrift_av_counts,label='qdrift_avg_counts') plt.plot(times,trotter_counts,label = 'trotter_counts') plt.title('Gates vs Error for Time Evolution') plt.xlabel("Duration of evolution") plt.ylabel("Number of Gates") plt.legend(loc=0) plt.savefig("LiH_gates_v_time.png", dpi=600)
https://github.com/qBraid/qBraid
qBraid
# Copyright (C) 2024 qBraid # # This file is part of the qBraid-SDK # # The qBraid-SDK is free software released under the GNU General Public License v3 # or later. You can redistribute and/or modify it under the terms of the GPL v3. # See the LICENSE file in the project root or <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html>. # # THERE IS NO WARRANTY for the qBraid-SDK, as per Section 15 of the GPL v3. """ Module defining Qiskit OpenQASM conversions """ import qiskit from qiskit.qasm2 import dumps as qasm2_dumps from qbraid.transpiler.annotations import weight @weight(1) def qiskit_to_qasm2(circuit: qiskit.QuantumCircuit) -> str: """Returns OpenQASM 2 string equivalent to the input Qiskit circuit. Args: circuit: Qiskit circuit to convert to OpenQASM 2 string. Returns: str: OpenQASM 2 representation of the input Qiskit circuit. """ return qasm2_dumps(circuit)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeManilaV2 from qiskit import transpile from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # Get a fake backend from the fake provider backend = FakeManilaV2() # Create a simple circuit circuit = QuantumCircuit(3) circuit.h(0) circuit.cx(0,1) circuit.cx(0,2) circuit.measure_all() circuit.draw('mpl') # Transpile the ideal circuit to a circuit that can be directly executed by the backend transpiled_circuit = transpile(circuit, backend) transpiled_circuit.draw('mpl') # Run the transpiled circuit using the simulated fake backend job = backend.run(transpiled_circuit) counts = job.result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/xtophe388/QISKIT
xtophe388
import sys, getpass try: sys.path.append("../../") # go to parent dir import Qconfig qx_config = { "APItoken": Qconfig.APItoken, "url": Qconfig.config['url']} print('Qconfig loaded from %s.' % Qconfig.__file__) except: APItoken = getpass.getpass('Please input your token and hit enter: ') qx_config = { "APItoken": APItoken, "url":"https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/api"} print('Qconfig.py not found in qiskit-tutorial directory; Qconfig loaded using user input.') # Useful additional packages import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np from math import pi from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, QISKitError from qiskit import available_backends, execute, register, get_backend from qiskit.tools.visualization import circuit_drawer from qiskit.tools.qi.qi import state_fidelity q = QuantumRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.u3(pi/2,pi/2,pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.u2(pi/2,pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.u1(pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.u0(pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.iden(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.x(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.y(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.z(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.h(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.s(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.sdg(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.t(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.tdg(q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.rx(pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.ry(pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.rz(pi/2,q) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) q = QuantumRegister(2) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cx(q[0],q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cy(q[0],q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cz(q[0],q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.ch(q[0],q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary']/(0.707+0.707j), 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.crz(pi/2,q[0],q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cu1(pi/2,q[0], q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cu3(pi/2, pi/2, pi/2, q[0], q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.swap(q[0], q[1]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) q = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.ccx(q[0], q[1], q[2]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.cswap(q[0], q[1], q[2]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_unitary_simulator') np.round(job.result().get_data(qc)['unitary'], 3) q = QuantumRegister(1) c = ClassicalRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.measure(q, c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.h(q) qc.measure(q, c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.reset(q[0]) qc.measure(q, c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.h(q) qc.reset(q[0]) qc.measure(q, c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.x(q[0]).c_if(c, 0) qc.measure(q,c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.h(q) qc.measure(q,c) qc.x(q[0]).c_if(c, 0) qc.measure(q,c) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_qasm_simulator', shots=1024) job.result().get_counts(qc) # Initializing a three-qubit quantum state import math desired_vector = [ 1 / math.sqrt(16) * complex(0, 1), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), 1 / math.sqrt(16) * complex(1, 1), 0, 0, 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 2), 1 / math.sqrt(16) * complex(1, 0), 0] q = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.initialize(desired_vector, [q[0],q[1],q[2]]) circuit_drawer(qc) job = execute(qc, backend='local_statevector_simulator') qc_state = job.result().get_statevector(qc) qc_state state_fidelity(desired_vector,qc_state)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
# You can make the bars more transparent to better see the ones that are behind # if they overlap. import numpy as np from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector from qiskit.visualization import plot_state_city from qiskit import QuantumCircuit qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 1) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h([0, 1]) qc.cz(0,1) qc.ry(np.pi/3, 0) qc.rx(np.pi/5, 1) state = Statevector(qc) plot_state_city(state, alpha=0.6)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
import random from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector secret = random.randint(0,7) # the owner is randomly picked secret_string = format(secret, '03b') # format the owner in 3-bit string oracle = Statevector.from_label(secret_string) # let the oracle know the owner from qiskit.algorithms import AmplificationProblem problem = AmplificationProblem(oracle, is_good_state=secret_string) from qiskit.algorithms import Grover grover_circuits = [] for iteration in range(1,3): grover = Grover(iterations=iteration) circuit = grover.construct_circuit(problem) circuit.measure_all() grover_circuits.append(circuit) # Grover's circuit with 1 iteration grover_circuits[0].draw() # Grover's circuit with 2 iterations grover_circuits[1].draw() from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = "ibmq_qasm_simulator" # use the simulator from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Sampler, Session with Session(service=service, backend=backend): sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(circuits=grover_circuits, shots=1000) result = job.result() print(result) from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # Extract bit string with highest probability from results as the answer result_dict = result.quasi_dists[1].binary_probabilities() answer = max(result_dict, key=result_dict.get) print(f"As you can see, the quantum computer returned '{answer}' as the answer with highest probability.\n" "And the results with 2 iterations have higher probability than the results with 1 iteration." ) # Plot the results plot_histogram(result.quasi_dists, legend=['1 iteration', '2 iterations']) # Print the results and the correct answer. print(f"Quantum answer: {answer}") print(f"Correct answer: {secret_string}") print('Success!' if answer == secret_string else 'Failure!') import qiskit_ibm_runtime qiskit_ibm_runtime.version.get_version_info() import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/AnikenC/JaxifiedQiskit
AnikenC
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline from typing import Optional, Union import qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, pulse from library.dynamics_backend_estimator import DynamicsBackendEstimator IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q-nus', group='default', project='default') backend = provider.get_backend('ibm_cairo') estimator = DynamicsBackendEstimator(backend)
https://github.com/hritiksauw199/Optimized-Shor-Algorithm-for-factoring
hritiksauw199
import numpy as np from numpy import pi from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile, assemble, Aer, IBMQ from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_bloch_multivector qc = QuantumCircuit(3) #Qiskit's least significant bit has the lowest index (0), thus the circuit will be mirrored through the horizontal qc.h(2) #Next, we want to turn this an extra quarter turn if qubit 1 is in the state |1> qc.cp(pi/2, 1, 2) # CROT from qubit 1 to qubit 2 #And another eighth turn if the least significant qubit (0) is |1> qc.cp(pi/4, 0, 2) # CROT from qubit 2 to qubit 0 qc.h(1) qc.cp(pi/2, 0, 1) # CROT from qubit 0 to qubit 1 qc.h(0) qc.swap(0,2) qc.draw() def qft_rotations(circuit, n): if n == 0: # Exit function if circuit is empty return circuit n -= 1 # Indexes start from 0 circuit.h(n) # Apply the H-gate to the most significant qubit for qubit in range(n): # For each less significant qubit, we need to do a # smaller-angled controlled rotation: circuit.cp(pi/2**(n-qubit), qubit, n) # At the end of our function, we call the same function again on # the next qubits (we reduced n by one earlier in the function) qft_rotations(circuit, n) def swap_registers(circuit, n): for qubit in range(n//2): circuit.swap(qubit, n-qubit-1) return circuit def qft(circuit, n): """QFT on the first n qubits in circuit""" qft_rotations(circuit, n) swap_registers(circuit, n) return circuit qc1 = QuantumCircuit(4) qft(qc1,4) qc1.draw() # Create the circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(3) # Encode the state 5 qc.x(0) # since we need '1' at first qubit and at last qubit qc.x(2) qc.draw() # And let's check the qubit's states using the aer simulator: sim = Aer.get_backend("aer_simulator") qc_init = qc.copy() # making a copy so that we can work on the original one qc_init.save_statevector() statevector = sim.run(qc_init).result().get_statevector() plot_bloch_multivector(statevector) # we can see the state below as '101' qft(qc,3) qc.draw() qc.save_statevector() statevector = sim.run(qc).result().get_statevector() plot_bloch_multivector(statevector) def inverse_qft(circuit, n): """Does the inverse QFT on the first n qubits in circuit""" # First we create a QFT circuit of the correct size: qft_circ = qft(QuantumCircuit(n), n) # Then we take the inverse of this circuit invqft_circ = qft_circ.inverse() # And add it to the first n qubits in our existing circuit circuit.append(invqft_circ, circuit.qubits[:n]) return circuit.decompose() # .decompose() allows us to see the individual gates nqubits = 3 number = 5 qc = QuantumCircuit(nqubits) for qubit in range(nqubits): qc.h(qubit) qc.p(number*pi/4,0) qc.p(number*pi/2,1) qc.p(number*pi,2) qc.draw() qc_init = qc.copy() qc_init.save_statevector() sim = Aer.get_backend("aer_simulator") statevector = sim.run(qc_init).result().get_statevector() plot_bloch_multivector(statevector) qc = inverse_qft(qc, nqubits) qc.measure_all() qc.draw() # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to nqubits IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits >= nqubits and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) shots = 2048 transpiled_qc = transpile(qc, backend, optimization_level=3) job = backend.run(transpiled_qc, shots=shots) job_monitor(job) counts = job.result().get_counts() plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/mmetcalf14/Hamiltonian_Downfolding_IBM
mmetcalf14
from qiskit import * from oracle_generation import generate_oracle get_bin = lambda x, n: format(x, 'b').zfill(n) def gen_circuits(min,max,size): circuits = [] secrets = [] ORACLE_SIZE = size for i in range(min,max+1): cur_str = get_bin(i,ORACLE_SIZE-1) (circuit, secret) = generate_oracle(ORACLE_SIZE,False,3,cur_str) circuits.append(circuit) secrets.append(secret) return (circuits, secrets)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit_optimization import QuadraticProgram problem = QuadraticProgram("sample") problem.binary_var("x") problem.binary_var("y") problem.maximize(linear={"x": 1, "y": -2}) print(problem.prettyprint()) from qiskit.algorithms import NumPyMinimumEigensolver from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer mes = NumPyMinimumEigensolver() meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import NumPyMinimumEigensolver from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer mes = NumPyMinimumEigensolver() meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.algorithms import QAOA from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 1000 qins = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) mes = QAOA(optimizer=COBYLA(), quantum_instance=qins) meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import QAOA from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer shots = 1000 mes = QAOA(sampler=Sampler(), optimizer=COBYLA()) meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.algorithms import VQE from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 1000 qins = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) mes = VQE(ansatz=RealAmplitudes(), optimizer=COBYLA(), quantum_instance=qins) meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import SamplingVQE from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes from qiskit.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer mes = SamplingVQE(sampler=Sampler(), ansatz=RealAmplitudes(), optimizer=COBYLA()) meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) result = meo.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import VQE from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes from qiskit.primitives import Estimator from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer mes = VQE(estimator=Estimator(), ansatz=RealAmplitudes(), optimizer=COBYLA()) try: meo = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver=mes) except TypeError as ex: print(ex) from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.algorithms import QAOA from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import WarmStartQAOAOptimizer, SlsqpOptimizer backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 1000 qins = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) qaoa = QAOA(optimizer=COBYLA(), quantum_instance=qins) optimizer = WarmStartQAOAOptimizer( pre_solver=SlsqpOptimizer(), relax_for_pre_solver=True, qaoa=qaoa, epsilon=0.25 ) result = optimizer.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import QAOA from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import WarmStartQAOAOptimizer, SlsqpOptimizer qaoa = QAOA(sampler=Sampler(), optimizer=COBYLA()) optimizer = WarmStartQAOAOptimizer( pre_solver=SlsqpOptimizer(), relax_for_pre_solver=True, qaoa=qaoa, epsilon=0.25 ) result = optimizer.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import GroverOptimizer backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 1000 qins = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) optimizer = GroverOptimizer(num_value_qubits=3, num_iterations=3, quantum_instance=qins) result = optimizer.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import GroverOptimizer optimizer = GroverOptimizer(num_value_qubits=3, num_iterations=3, sampler=Sampler()) result = optimizer.solve(problem) print(result) from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import GroverOptimizer backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") shots = 1000 qins = QuantumInstance(backend=backend, shots=shots) try: optimizer = GroverOptimizer( num_value_qubits=3, num_iterations=3, quantum_instance=qins, sampler=Sampler() ) # raises an error because both quantum_instance and sampler are set. except ValueError as ex: print(ex) import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/ronitd2002/IBM-Quantum-challenge-2024
ronitd2002
### Install Qiskit and relevant packages, if needed ### IMPORTANT: Make sure you are on 3.10 > python < 3.12 ''' %pip install qiskit[visualization]==1.0.2 %pip install qiskit-ibm-runtime %pip install qiskit-aer %pip install graphviz %pip install qiskit-serverless -U %pip install qiskit-transpiler-service -U ''' %pip install git+https://github.com/qiskit-community/Quantum-Challenge-Grader.git -U # Import all in one cell import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes from qiskit.transpiler.preset_passmanagers import generate_preset_pass_manager from qiskit.visualization import plot_gate_map, plot_circuit_layout, plot_distribution from qiskit.circuit import ParameterVector from qiskit_aer import AerSimulator from qiskit_ibm_runtime import ( QiskitRuntimeService, EstimatorV2 as Estimator, SamplerV2 as Sampler, EstimatorOptions ) import warnings warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') # qc-grader should be 0.18.13 (or higher) import qc_grader qc_grader.__version__ from qc_grader.challenges.iqc_2024 import grade_lab_bonus_ex1, grade_lab_bonus_ex2, grade_lab_bonus_ex3 def old_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, bird_index): """Create amplitude embedding circuit Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz bird_index (int): Data index of the bird Returns: qc (QuantumCircuit): Quantum circuit with amplitude embedding of the bird """ def generate_GHZ(qc): qc.h(0) for i, j in zip(range(num_qubits-1), range(1,num_qubits)): qc.cx(i, j) ### Write your code below here ### qc = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits) if bird_index < 5: generate_GHZ(qc) bin_string = format(bird_index, '0{0}b'.format(num_qubits)) for i in reversed(range(len(bin_string))): if bin_string[i] == '1': qc.x(num_qubits-i-1) ### Don't change any code past this line ### return qc num_qubits = 50 # Choose a real backend service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = service.backend("ibm_osaka") # Define a fake backend with the same properties as the real backend fake_backend = AerSimulator.from_backend(backend) index_bird = 0 # You can check different birds by changing the index qc = old_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, index_bird) pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=3, backend=fake_backend) transpiled_qc = pm.run(qc) print('Depth of two-qubit gates: ', transpiled_qc.depth(lambda x: len(x.qubits) == 2)) transpiled_qc.draw(output="mpl", fold=False, idle_wires=False) def new_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, bird_index): """Create efficient amplitude embedding circuit Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz bird_index (int): Data index of the bird Returns: qc (QuantumCircuit): Quantum circuit with amplitude embedding of the bird """ ### Write your code below here ### ### Don't change any code past this line ### return qc num_qubits = 50 index = 0 # Change to different values for testing qc = new_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, index) qc.measure_all() # Define the backend and the pass manager aer_sim = AerSimulator(method='matrix_product_state') pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=aer_sim, optimization_level=3) isa_circuit = pm.run(qc) # Define the sampler with the number of shots sampler = Sampler(backend=aer_sim) result = sampler.run([isa_circuit]).result() samp_dist = result[0].data.meas.get_counts() plot_distribution(samp_dist, figsize=(10, 3)) num_qubits = 50 # Choose a real backend service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = service.backend("ibm_kyoto") # Define a fake backend with the same properties as the real backend fake_backend = AerSimulator.from_backend(backend) index_bird = 0 #You can check different birds by changing the index qc = new_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, index_bird) pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=3, backend=fake_backend) transpiled_qc = pm.run(qc) print('Depth of two-qubit gates: ', transpiled_qc.depth(lambda x: len(x.qubits) == 2)) transpiled_qc.draw(output="mpl", fold=False, idle_wires=False) # Submit your answer using following code grade_lab_bonus_ex1(new_amplitude_embedding(50,3)) # Expected answer type: QuantumCircuit def generate_old_ansatz(qubits): qc = RealAmplitudes(qubits, reps=1, entanglement='pairwise') return qc num_qubits = 50 # Choose a real backend service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = service.backend("ibm_kyoto") # Define a fake backend with the same properties as the real backend fake_backend = AerSimulator.from_backend(backend) index_bird = 0 # You can check different birds by changing the index qc = new_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, index_bird) ansatz = generate_old_ansatz(num_qubits) pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=3, backend=backend) transpiled_qc = pm.run(qc.compose(ansatz)) print('Depth new mapping + old ansatz: ', transpiled_qc.depth(lambda x: len(x.qubits) == 2)) # transpiled_qc.draw(output="mpl", fold=False, idle_wires=False) def generate_ansatz(num_qubits): """Generate a `RealAmplitudes` ansatz where all qubits are entangled with each other Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz Returns: qc (QuantumCircuit): Quantum circuit with the generated ansatz """ ### Write your code below here ### ### Don't change any code past this line ### return qc index_bird = 0 # You can check different birds by changing the index new_mapping_qc = new_amplitude_embedding(num_qubits, index_bird) ansatz = generate_ansatz(num_qubits) pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=3, backend=backend) transpiled_qc = pm.run(new_mapping_qc.compose(ansatz)) print('Depth new mapping + new ansatz: ', transpiled_qc.depth(lambda x: len(x.qubits) == 2)) # transpiled_qc.draw(output="mpl", fold=False, idle_wires=False) # Submit your answer using following code grade_lab_bonus_ex2(transpiled_qc) # Expected answer type: QuantumCircuit # Generate this to match your ansatz source_list = # Add your code here def generalize_optimal_params(num_qubits, ansatz, source_list): """Generate a `list of optimal parameters for N qubits Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz ansatz (QuantumCircuit): Ansatz for our VQC source_list (list): List of qubits used as source to entangle other qubits Returns: opt_params (list): List of optimal parameters generated for N qubits """ opt_params = np.zeros(ansatz.num_parameters) for i in range(ansatz.num_parameters//2): if i in source_list: opt_params[i] = np.pi return opt_params def test_shallow_VQC_QPU(num_qubits, list_labels, obs, opt_params, options, backend): """Tests the shallow VQC on a QPU Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz list_labels (list): List of labels obs: (SparsePauliOp): Observable opt_params (ndarray): Array of optimized parameters options (EstimatorOptions): Options for Estimator primitive backend (Backend): Real backend from IBM Quantum to run the job Returns: job_id (str): Job ID for Quantum job """ ### Write your code below here ### ### Don't change any code past this line ### return job_id def retrieve_job(job_id): """Retrieve test results from job id Parameters: job_id (str): Job ID Returns: results_test (list): List of test results errors_test (list): List of test errors """ job = service.job(job_id) results_test = [] errors_test = [] for result in job.result(): results_test.append(abs(abs(result.data.evs)-1)) #COST FUNCTION HAS A -1 NOW!!! errors_test.append(abs(result.data.stds)) return results_test, errors_test def test_shallow_VQC_CPU(num_qubits, list_labels, obs, opt_params, options, backend): """Tests the shallow VQC on a QPU Parameters: num_qubits (int): Number of qubits for the ansatz list_labels (list): List of labels obs: (SparsePauliOp): Observable opt_params (ndarray): Array of optimized parameters options (EstimatorOptions): Options for Estimator primitive backend (Backend): AerSimulator backend to run the job Returns: results_test (list): List of test results """ results_test = [] ### Write your code below here ### ### Don't change any code past this line ### result = job.result()[0].data.evs results_test.append(abs(abs(result)-1)) # COST FUNCTION NOW HAS A -1!!! return results_test def compute_performance(result_list, list_labels): """Return the performance of the classifier Parameters: result_list (list): List of results list_labels (list): List of labels Returns: performance (float): Performance of the classifier """ ### Write your code below here ### ### Don't change any code past this line ### return performance num_qubits = 50 aer_sim = AerSimulator(method='matrix_product_state') pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=aer_sim, optimization_level=3) isa_circuit = pm.run(new_mapping_qc) list_labels = np.append(np.ones(5), np.zeros(5)) obs = SparsePauliOp("Z"*num_qubits) opt_params = generalize_optimal_params(num_qubits, generate_ansatz(num_qubits), source_list) options = EstimatorOptions() results_test_aer_sim = test_shallow_VQC_CPU(num_qubits, list_labels, obs, opt_params, options, aer_sim) fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(7,5)) ax.set_title('Cost on test data MPS') ax.set_ylabel('Cost') ax.set_xlabel('State index') print(f"Performance for resilience 0: {compute_performance(results_test_aer_sim, list_labels)}") ax.plot(results_test_aer_sim, 'o-', color='tab:red', label='MPS Num qubits = ' + str(num_qubits)) ax.plot(list_labels, 'k-', label='Labels') ax.legend() # Submit your answer using following code grade_lab_bonus_ex3(results_test_aer_sim) # Expected variable types: List service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = service.backend("select_your_device") # RUN JOBS num_qubits = 50 obs = SparsePauliOp("Z"*num_qubits) opt_params = generalize_optimal_params(num_qubits, generate_ansatz(num_qubits), source_list) for resilience in [0,1]: DD = True options = EstimatorOptions(default_shots = 5_000, optimization_level=0, resilience_level=resilience) options.dynamical_decoupling.enable = DD options.dynamical_decoupling.sequence_type = 'XpXm' # OPTIONAL # options.resilience.zne_mitigation = True # options.resilience.zne.noise_factors = (1, 1.2, 1.5) # options.resilience.zne.extrapolator = ('exponential', 'linear', 'polynomial_degree_2') #order matters job_id = test_shallow_VQC_QPU(num_qubits, list_labels, obs, opt_params, options, backend) results_test_0_DD, errors_test_0_DD = retrieve_job('Enter your JobID for resilience level 0') results_test_1_DD, errors_test_1_DD = retrieve_job('Enter your JobID for resilience level 1') fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(7,5)) ax.set_title(f'Test of a {num_qubits} qubit VQC on {backend.name}') ax.set_ylabel('Cost') ax.set_xlabel('State index') print(f"Performance for no DD + no TREX: {compute_performance(results_test_0_DD, list_labels):.3f}") print(f"Performance for DD + TREX: {compute_performance(results_test_1_DD, list_labels):.3f}") ax.errorbar(range(10), results_test_0_DD, fmt='--o', yerr=errors_test_0_DD, color='tab:orange', label=f'{backend.name} RL=0 shots={options.default_shots} DD={options.dynamical_decoupling.enable}') ax.errorbar(range(10), results_test_1_DD, fmt='--o', yerr=errors_test_1_DD, color='tab:blue', label=f'{backend.name} RL=1 shots={options.default_shots} DD={options.dynamical_decoupling.enable}') ax.plot(list_labels, 'k-', label='Labels') ax.legend()
https://github.com/xtophe388/QISKIT
xtophe388
import sys if sys.version_info < (3,5): raise Exception('Please use Python version 3.5 or greater.') from pprint import pprint import math # importing the QISKit from qiskit import QuantumProgram # To use API #import Qconfig # Definition of matchgate def gate_mu3(qcirc,theta,phi,lam,a,b): qcirc.cx(a,b) qcirc.cu3(theta,phi,lam,b,a) qcirc.cx(a,b) # Number of qubits (should be odd) n_nodes = 5 # Number of steps n_step = 2 # Histogram hist = True # Quantum Sphere #hist = False # Creating Programs qp = QuantumProgram() # Creating Registers qr = qp.create_quantum_register('qr', n_nodes) cr = qp.create_classical_register('cr', n_nodes) # Creating Circuits qc = qp.create_circuit('QWalk', [qr], [cr]) # Initial state qc.x(qr[0]) # Creating of two partitions with M1' and M2 # Repeating that n_step times for k in range(0,n_step): for i in range(0,n_nodes-1,2): gate_mu3(qc,math.pi, math.pi, 0, qr[i], qr[i+1]) for i in range(1,n_nodes,2): gate_mu3(qc,math.pi/2, 0, 0, qr[i], qr[i+1]) if hist: for i in range(0,n_nodes): qc.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) # To print the circuit # QASM_source = qp.get_qasm('QWalk') # print(QASM_source) # To use API # qp.set_api(Qconfig.APItoken, Qconfig.config['url']) backend = 'local_qasm_simulator' if hist: shots = 4096 else: shots = 1 # backend 'trick': produces amplitudes instead of probabilities qobj=qp.compile(['QWalk'], backend = backend, shots = shots ) # Compile quantum walk result = qp.run(qobj) print(result) # execute this cell twice to see the result due to an issue with matplotlib # import state tomography functions from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_state import numpy as np if hist: plot_histogram(result.get_counts('QWalk')) else: data_ampl = result.get_data('QWalk') state_walk = data_ampl['quantum_state'] rho_walk = np.outer(state_walk,state_walk.conj()) plot_state(rho_walk,'qsphere')
https://github.com/benkoehlL/Qiskit_Playground
benkoehlL
''' This program sets up the circuits for the randamised benchmarking routine ''' import qiskit import numpy as np import os, shutil import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.pyplot import draw, show import qiskit.ignis.verification.randomized_benchmarking as rb from qiskit_aer.noise import NoiseModel from qiskit_aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import depolarizing_error, thermal_relaxation_error os.environ["QT_QPA_PLATFORM"] = "xcb" # for Linux only folder_RBM = os.getcwd()+'/RBM/' if not os.path.exists(folder_RBM): os.makedirs(folder_RBM) else: shutil.rmtree(folder_RBM) os.makedirs(folder_RBM) ## Generate RB circuits (2Q RB) # number of qubits nQ=3 rb_opts = {} # Number of Cliffords in the sequence rb_opts['length_vector'] = [1, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200] # Number of seeds (random sequences) rb_opts['nseeds'] = 5 # Default pattern rb_opts['rb_pattern'] = [ [0, 1, 2] ] rb_circs, xdata = rb.randomized_benchmarking_seq(**rb_opts) print(len(rb_circs)) for i in range(len(rb_circs)): for n, circuit in enumerate(rb_circs[i]): filename = str(folder_RBM+'seed_'+str(i)+'_m_'+str(rb_opts['length_vector'][n]+1)+'.qasm') circuit.qasm(filename=filename) # Run on a noisy simulator noise_model = NoiseModel() # Depolarizing error on the gates u2, u3 and cx (assuming the u1 is virtual-Z gate and no error) p1Q = 0.002 p2Q = 0.01 noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p1Q, 1), 'u2') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(2 * p1Q, 1), 'u3') noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(depolarizing_error(p2Q, 2), 'cx') backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') # Create the RB fitter backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') basis_gates = ['u1','u2','u3','cx'] shots = 200 transpiled_circs_list = [] rb_fit = rb.RBFitter(None, xdata, rb_opts['rb_pattern']) for rb_seed, rb_circ_seed in enumerate(rb_circs): print('Compiling seed %d'%rb_seed) new_rb_circ_seed = qiskit.compiler.transpile(rb_circ_seed, basis_gates=basis_gates) transpiled_circs_list.append(new_rb_circ_seed) print('Simulating seed %d'%rb_seed) ## THIS ONE IS FROM OUR RESULTS NOT THE BACKEND job = qiskit.execute(new_rb_circ_seed, backend, shots=shots, noise_model=noise_model) # Add data to the fitter rb_fit.add_data(job.result()) print('After seed %d, alpha: %f, EPC: %f'%(rb_seed,rb_fit.fit[0]['params'][1], rb_fit.fit[0]['epc'])) plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)) ax = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1) # Plot the essence by calling plot_rb_data rb_fit.plot_rb_data(0, ax=ax, add_label=True, show_plt=False) # Add title and label ax.set_title('%d Qubit RB'%(nQ), fontsize=18) plt.show()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit_nature.second_q.drivers import PySCFDriver driver = PySCFDriver() problem = driver.run() fermionic_op = problem.hamiltonian.second_q_op() from qiskit_nature.second_q.mappers import JordanWignerMapper mapper = JordanWignerMapper() qubit_jw_op = mapper.map(fermionic_op) print(qubit_jw_op) from qiskit_nature.second_q.mappers import ParityMapper mapper = ParityMapper() qubit_p_op = mapper.map(fermionic_op) print(qubit_p_op) mapper = ParityMapper(num_particles=problem.num_particles) qubit_op = mapper.map(fermionic_op) print(qubit_op) tapered_mapper = problem.get_tapered_mapper(mapper) print(type(tapered_mapper)) qubit_op = tapered_mapper.map(fermionic_op) print(qubit_op) from qiskit_nature.second_q.circuit.library import HartreeFock hf_state = HartreeFock(2, (1, 1), JordanWignerMapper()) hf_state.draw() from qiskit_nature.second_q.mappers import InterleavedQubitMapper interleaved_mapper = InterleavedQubitMapper(JordanWignerMapper()) hf_state = HartreeFock(2, (1, 1), interleaved_mapper) hf_state.draw() import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/abhishekchak52/quantum-computing-course
abhishekchak52
%matplotlib inline import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Importing standard Qiskit libraries and configuring account import qiskit from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute from qiskit.providers.aer import QasmSimulator, StatevectorSimulator from qiskit.visualization import * from qiskit.quantum_info import * success_msg = 'Your answer is correct.' fail_msg = 'Your answer is not correct. Please try again.' basis_gates = ['id', 'x', 'y', 'z', 's', 't', 'sdg', 'tdg', 'h', 'p', 'sx' ,'r', 'rx', 'ry', 'rz', 'u', 'u1', 'u2', 'u3', 'cx', 'barrier', 'measure', 'snapshot'] qc1 = QuantumCircuit(3) # Insert gates below to create the state # Do not change below this line. You do not need to add an additional measurement. qc1.measure_all() qc1.draw('mpl') try: assert list(qc1.count_ops()) != [], "Circuit cannot be empty" assert set(qc1.count_ops().keys()).difference(basis_gates) == set(), f"Only the following basic gates are allowed: {basis_gates}" assert all([type(gate[0]) == qiskit.circuit.measure.Measure for gate in qc1.data[-3:len(qc1.data)]]), "Measurement must be the last operation in a circuit." sv_check = Statevector.from_instruction(qc1.remove_final_measurements(inplace=False)).equiv((Statevector.from_label('000')+Statevector.from_label('111'))/np.sqrt(2)) assert sv_check, "You did not prepare the correct state." job = execute(qc1, backend=QasmSimulator(), shots=1024, seed_simulator=0) counts = job.result().get_counts() print(success_msg if (sv_check) else fail_msg) except AssertionError as e: print(f'Your code has an error: {e.args[0]}') except Exception as e: print(f'This error occured: {e.args[0]}') plot_histogram(counts) def superdense_coding_circ(bitstr): ''' bitstr is a 2-character string with possible values '00', '01', '10', '11' ''' qc2 = QuantumCircuit(2) # Enter your code below this line # Prepare a Bell state B_00 below # Do not remove the following line qc2.snapshot('1') # Apply single-qubit gates only on q_0 to encode the bitstring # Do not remove the following line qc2.snapshot('2') # Apply gates to change to the Bell basis # Do not remove the following line qc2.snapshot('3') # Do not change below this line. You do not need to add an additional measurement. qc2.measure_all() return qc2 b00_sv = (Statevector.from_label('00')+Statevector.from_label('11'))/np.sqrt(2) b01_sv = (Statevector.from_label('01')+Statevector.from_label('10'))/np.sqrt(2) b10_sv = (Statevector.from_label('00')-Statevector.from_label('11'))/np.sqrt(2) b11_sv = (Statevector.from_label('01')-Statevector.from_label('10'))/np.sqrt(2) bell_states_sv = [b00_sv, b01_sv, b10_sv, b11_sv] basis_states = ['00', '01', '10', '11'] bell_dict = dict(zip(basis_states, bell_states_sv)) enc_dec_mat = np.zeros((len(basis_states),len(basis_states))) try: for state in basis_states: sv_checks = [] qc = superdense_coding_circ(state) assert list(qc.count_ops()) != [], f" Bitstring {state}: Circuit cannot be empty" assert qc.count_ops()['measure'] <= 2, f" Bitstring {state}: Please remove extra measurements" assert qc.count_ops()['snapshot'] == 3, f" Bitstring {state}: Please do not add or remove snapshots" assert set(qc.count_ops().keys()).difference(basis_gates) == set(), f" Bitstring {state}: Only the following basic gates are allowed: {basis_gates}" assert all([type(gate[0]) == qiskit.circuit.measure.Measure for gate in qc.data[-2:len(qc.data)]]), f" Bitstring {state}: Measurement must be the last operation in a circuit." result = execute(qc.reverse_bits(),backend=QasmSimulator(), shots=1).result().get_counts().most_frequent() assert state == result, f" Bitstring {state}: Your encoding is not correct" enc_dec_mat[int(state,2), int(result,2)] = 1 sv = execute(qc.reverse_bits(), backend=StatevectorSimulator()).result().data()['snapshots']['statevector'] sv_checks.append(b00_sv.equiv(sv['1'][0])) sv_checks.append(bell_dict[state].equiv(sv['2'][0])) sv_checks.append(Statevector.from_label(state).equiv(sv['3'][0])) assert all(np.diag(enc_dec_mat) == np.ones(4)), "Your encoding is not correct" plt.matshow(enc_dec_mat, cmap='binary') plt.title('Superdense Coding Matrix') plt.xlabel("Alice's encoded bits", fontsize=14) plt.ylabel("Bob's decoded bits", fontsize=14) plt.xticks(ticks=range(4), labels=basis_states, fontsize=12) plt.yticks(ticks=range(4), labels=basis_states, fontsize=12) circ_check = all(sv_checks) assert circ_check, "Your circuit does not work for all bitstrings" print(success_msg if circ_check else fail_msg) except AssertionError as e: print(f'Your code has an error: {e.args[0]}') except Exception as e: print(f'This error occured: {e.args[0]}')
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-alt
qiskit-community
import qiskit_alt qiskit_alt.project.ensure_init() # The following line would also initialize qiskit_alt behind the scenes, but we have made it explicity above. # import qiskit_alt.electronic_structure from qiskit.providers import aer # make sure this is available from qiskit_nature.drivers import UnitsType, Molecule from qiskit_nature.drivers.second_quantization import ( ElectronicStructureDriverType, ElectronicStructureMoleculeDriver, ) from qiskit_nature.problems.second_quantization import ElectronicStructureProblem from qiskit_nature.converters.second_quantization import QubitConverter from qiskit_nature.mappers.second_quantization import JordanWignerMapper from qiskit.algorithms import VQE from qiskit.circuit.library import TwoLocal from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit import Aer from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA import qiskit_alt, qiskit_alt.electronic_structure # already done above, but this does not hurt from qiskit_alt.pauli_operators import PauliSum_to_SparsePauliOp from qiskit.opflow import PauliSumOp geometry = [["H", [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]], ["H", [0.0, 0.0, 0.735]]] basis="sto3g" molecule = Molecule( geometry=geometry, charge=0, multiplicity=1 ) driver = ElectronicStructureMoleculeDriver( molecule, basis=basis, driver_type=ElectronicStructureDriverType.PYSCF ) es_problem = ElectronicStructureProblem(driver) second_q_op= es_problem.second_q_ops() qubit_converter = QubitConverter(mapper=JordanWignerMapper()) qubit_op = qubit_converter.convert(second_q_op[0]) # Print the underlying data stored backing qubit_op qubit_op.primitive.simplify() # Compute the Fermionic operator of the molecule fermi_op = qiskit_alt.electronic_structure.fermionic_hamiltonian(geometry, basis) # Convert the Fermionic operator to a Pauli operator using the Jordan-Wigner transform pauli_op = qiskit_alt.electronic_structure.jordan_wigner(fermi_op) type(pauli_op) pauli_op.simplify() (pauli_op - qubit_op.primitive).simplify() fermi_op[1] # In qiskit_alt, the Fermi operator carries the identity term nuclear_energy_term = fermi_op[1].coeff nuclear_energy_term # Define the ansatz ansatz = TwoLocal( rotation_blocks=["h", "rx"], entanglement_blocks="cz", entanglement="full", reps=2, parameter_prefix="y", ) # Initialize the COBYLA optimizer optimizer = COBYLA(maxiter=500) # Select the backend for the quantum_instance backend = QuantumInstance(Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator'), seed_simulator=100, seed_transpiler=100) # Run VQE algorithm vqe = VQE(ansatz = ansatz, optimizer = optimizer, quantum_instance = backend) # Compute the ground-state energy of the molecule nature_result = vqe.compute_minimum_eigenvalue(operator=qubit_op) nature_energy = nature_result.eigenvalue.real + nuclear_energy_term # Include constant term that is normally thrown away print("The ground-state energy of the Hydrogen molecule is {} Hatree".format(round(nature_energy,3))) # Convert the Pauli operator into a sum of Pauli operators, the required input format pauli_sum_op = PauliSumOp(pauli_op) # Compute the ground-state energy of the molecule alt_result = vqe.compute_minimum_eigenvalue(operator=pauli_sum_op) print("The ground-state energy of the Hydrogen molecule is {} Hatree".format(round(alt_result.eigenvalue.real,3)))
https://github.com/unif2/Quantum-Computing-Mentorship-Task-4-Code
unif2
import numpy as np from numpy import kron import qiskit as qk def decomposition(H): """Decompose any 4x4 Hermitian matrix into a sum of tensor products of two Pauli matrices """ identity = np.array([[1, 0],[ 0, 1]], dtype=np.complex128) x = np.array([[0, 1], [ 1, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) y = np.array([[0, -1j],[1j, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) z = np.array([[1, 0], [0, -1]], dtype=np.complex128) S = [identity, x, y, z] labels = ['I', 'sigma_x', 'sigma_y', 'sigma_z'] d = {'00': 'I product I', '01': 'I product sigma_x', '02': 'I product sigma_y', '03': 'I product sigma_z', '10': 'sigma_x product I', '11': 'sigma_x product sigma_x', '12': 'sigma_x product sigma_y', '13': 'sigma_x product sigma_z', '20': 'sigma_y product I', '21': 'sigma_y product sigma_x', '22': 'sigma_y product sigma_y', '23': 'sigma_y product sigma_z', '30': 'sigma_z product I', '31': 'sigma_z product sigma_x', '32': 'sigma_z product sigma_y', '33': 'sigma_z product sigma_z'} for i in range(4): for j in range(4): a_ij = 0.25 * np.dot(kron(S[i], S[j]), H).trace() if a_ij != 0.0: print(str(a_ij) + ' * ' + d[str(i)+str(j)]) H = np.array([[0,0,0,0],[0,-1,1,0],[0,1,-1,0],[0,0,0,0]]) decomposition(H) def prepare_state(theta, n=3): """ Prepare three 2-qubit states with 3 associated quantum registers, 3 associated classical registers, and 3 quantum circuits. We will prepare the state with the ansatz mentioned in the notes in which we act on the first qubit with the Hadamard operator, then with the R_z operator, then we act on the 2-qubit state with the CNOT gate, and then on the second qubit in each terms of the superposition with the sigma_x operator. After that, we will take the first circuit and act on each qubit with the R_y(pi/2) operator, and take the second circuit and act on each qubit with the R_x(-pi/2) operator as explained in the notes. We do this so that those qubits will be in the basis of eigenvectors of sigma_x and sigma_y as explained in the notes. We can measure the qubits in the other circuit as-is because we need the expectation value of sigma_z and the qubits are already in the computational basis. """ qr0 = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr0 = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc0 = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr0,cr0) qr1 = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr1 = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc1 = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr1,cr1) qr2 = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr2 = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc2 = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr2,cr2) qregisters = [qr0,qr1,qr2] cregisters = [cr0,cr1,cr2] qcircuits = [qc0,qc1,qc2] for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].h(qregisters[i][0]) for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].rz(theta, qregisters[i][0]) for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].cx(qregisters[i][0], qregisters[i][1]) for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].x(qregisters[i][1]) qcircuits[0].ry((np.pi)/2, qregisters[0][0]) qcircuits[0].ry((np.pi)/2, qregisters[0][1]) qcircuits[1].rx(-(np.pi)/2, qregisters[1][0]) qcircuits[1].rx(-(np.pi)/2, qregisters[1][1]) return qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(np.pi, n=3) qcircuits[0].draw(output='mpl') qcircuits[1].draw(output='mpl') qcircuits[2].draw(output='mpl') def expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, n_shots, n=3): """ For each circuit, execute and measure it using the classical simulator 5000 times as explained above. Multiply each of the three expectation values by 0.5, add them up, and subtract -0.5. Return the result. """ expect = -0.5 for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].measure(qregisters[i],cregisters[i]) qk.Aer.backends() sim = qk.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') res = qk.execute(qcircuits[i], sim, shots=n_shots).result() counts = res.get_counts() sum = 0 for k,v in counts.items(): if k=='01' or k=='10': sum += (-1)*v/n_shots elif k=='00' or k=='11': sum += v/n_shots sum = 0.5*sum expect += sum return expect # Consider 100 values of theta, between 0 and Pi. This theta is the one used in state preparation. thetas = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) # For each theta, store the resulting expectation value in results results = [] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(theta, n=3) expect = expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, 5000, n=3) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) from qiskit import IBMQ #IBMQ.delete_account() IBMQ.save_account('my IBM token', overwrite=True) IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider() procs=provider.backends(operational=True, simulator=False) from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * %qiskit_backend_overview from qiskit.tools import monitor backend = qk.providers.ibmq.least_busy([p for p in procs if len(p.properties().qubits) >= 2]) from qiskit.tools.monitor import backend_overview, backend_monitor backend_monitor(backend) def q_expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, n_shots, n=3): """ For each circuit, execute and measure it using the classical simulator 5000 times as explained above. Multiply each of the three expectation values by 0.5, add them up, and subtract -0.5. Return the result. """ expect = -0.5 for i in range(n): qcircuits[i].measure(qregisters[i],cregisters[i]) qk.Aer.backends() sim = qk.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') res = qk.execute(qcircuits[i], backend=backend, shots=n_shots).result() #mon = monitor.job_monitor(res) counts = res.get_counts() sum = 0 for k,v in counts.items(): if k=='01' or k=='10': sum += (-1)*v/n_shots elif k=='00' or k=='11': sum += v/n_shots sum = 0.5*sum expect += sum return expect # Consider 10 values of theta, between 0 and Pi. This theta is the one used in state preparation. thetas = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 10) # Use n_shots = 100 results = [] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(theta, n=3) expect = q_expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, 100, n=3) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) # Use n_shots = 1000 results = [] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(theta, n=3) expect = q_expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, 1000, n=3) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) # Use n_shots = 5000 results = [] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(theta, n=3) expect = q_expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, 5000, n=3) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) # Use n_shots = 8192 = max allowed results = [] thetas = [np.pi] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits = prepare_state(theta, n=3) expect = q_expectation(qcircuits, cregisters, qregisters, 8192, n=3) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) def decomposition(H): """Decompose any 4x4 Hermitian matrix into a sum of tensor products of two Pauli matrices """ A_ij = [] identity = np.array([[1, 0],[ 0, 1]], dtype=np.complex128) x = np.array([[0, 1], [ 1, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) y = np.array([[0, -1j],[1j, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) z = np.array([[1, 0], [0, -1]], dtype=np.complex128) S = [identity, x, y, z] labels = ['I', 'sigma_x', 'sigma_y', 'sigma_z'] d = {'00': 'I product I', '01': 'I product sigma_x', '02': 'I product sigma_y', '03': 'I product sigma_z', '10': 'sigma_x product I', '11': 'sigma_x product sigma_x', '12': 'sigma_x product sigma_y', '13': 'sigma_x product sigma_z', '20': 'sigma_y product I', '21': 'sigma_y product sigma_x', '22': 'sigma_y product sigma_y', '23': 'sigma_y product sigma_z', '30': 'sigma_z product I', '31': 'sigma_z product sigma_x', '32': 'sigma_z product sigma_y', '33': 'sigma_z product sigma_z'} for i in range(4): for j in range(4): a_ij = 0.25 * np.dot(kron(S[i], S[j]), H).trace() A_ij.append(a_ij) if a_ij != 0.0: print(str(a_ij) + ' * ' + d[str(i)+str(j)]) return np.asarray(A_ij).reshape(4,4) def prepare_state2(A, theta): qregisters = [] cregisters = [] qcircuits = [] identity = np.array([[1, 0],[ 0, 1]], dtype=np.complex128) x = np.array([[0, 1], [ 1, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) y = np.array([[0, -1j],[1j, 0]], dtype=np.complex128) z = np.array([[1, 0], [0, -1]], dtype=np.complex128) d = {} for i in range(4): for j in range(4): if A[i,j] != 0: if i !=0 and j!=0: qr = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.rz(theta, qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.x(qr[1]) if i==1: qc.ry((np.pi)/2, qr[0]) if i==2: qc.rx(-(np.pi)/2, qr[0]) if j==1: qc.ry((np.pi)/2, qr[1]) if j==2: qc.rx(-(np.pi)/2, qr[1]) qregisters.append(qr) cregisters.append(cr) qcircuits.append(qc) d[(i,j)] = [qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits] if i == 0 and j != 0: qr = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.rz(theta, qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.x(qr[1]) if j==1: qc.ry((np.pi)/2, qr[1]) if j==2: qc.rx(-(np.pi)/2, qr[1]) qregisters.append(qr) cregisters.append(cr) qcircuits.append(qc) d[(i,j)] = [qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits] if i != 0 and j == 0: qr = qk.QuantumRegister(2) cr = qk.ClassicalRegister(2) qc = qk.QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) qc.h(qr[0]) qc.rz(theta, qr[0]) qc.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) qc.x(qr[1]) if i==1: qc.ry((np.pi)/2, qr[0]) if i==2: qc.rx(-(np.pi)/2, qr[0]) qregisters.append(qr) cregisters.append(cr) qcircuits.append(qc) d[(i,j)] = [qregisters, cregisters, qcircuits] return d, A def expectation2(d, A, n_shots): """ For each circuit, execute and measure it using the classical simulator 5000 times as explained above. Return the result. """ expect = A[0,0] qk.Aer.backends() sim = qk.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') for k,v in d.items(): for i in range(len(v[2])): v[2][i].measure(v[0][i],v[1][i]) res = qk.execute(v[2][i], sim, shots=n_shots).result() counts = res.get_counts() sum = 0 for m,n in counts.items(): if m=='01' or m=='10': sum += (-1)*n/n_shots elif m=='00' or m=='11': sum += n/n_shots sum = A[k[0],k[1]]*sum expect += sum return expect thetas = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) H = np.array([[0,0,0,0],[0,-1,1,0],[0,1,-1,0],[0,0,0,0]]) A = decomposition(H) # For each theta, store the resulting expectation value in results results = [] # For each theta, find the expectation value for theta in thetas: d, A = prepare_state2(A, theta) expect = expectation2(d, A, 5000) results.append(expect) # Sort the results in ascending order. The first one is your minimum eigenvalue. results.sort() print("The minimum eigenvalue is: {}.".format(results[0])) # -5??!! Maybe I missed something in my logic. Will continue to look into this. :-)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-cold-atom
qiskit-community
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2021. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Module to simulate fermionic circuits.""" from typing import List, Tuple, Optional import numpy as np from scipy.sparse import csc_matrix from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit_nature.second_q.operators import FermionicOp from qiskit_cold_atom.base_circuit_solver import BaseCircuitSolver from qiskit_cold_atom.exceptions import QiskitColdAtomError from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions.fermionic_state import FermionicState from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions.fermionic_basis import FermionicBasis from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions.fermion_gate_library import FermionicGate class FermionCircuitSolver(BaseCircuitSolver): """ Numerically simulate fermionic systems by exactly computing the time evolution under unitary operations generated by fermionic Hamiltonians. """ def __init__( self, shots: Optional[int] = None, seed: Optional[int] = None, num_species: int = 1, ): """ Args: shots: amount of shots for the measurement simulation; if not None, measurements are performed seed: seed for the RNG for the measurement simulation num_species: number of different fermionic species, defaults to 1 for a single type of (spinless) fermions, 2 for spin-1/2 fermions etc. If > 1, the solver will check for conservation of the particle number per fermionic species in order to reduce the Hilbert space dimension of the simulation """ self._basis = None self.num_species = num_species super().__init__(shots=shots, seed=seed) @property def basis(self) -> FermionicBasis: """ Return the basis of fermionic occupation number states. This basis is updated via the setter whenever a new circuit is passed to __call__. """ return self._basis @basis.setter def basis(self, basis: FermionicBasis): """ Set the basis of the simulation and check its dimensions. Args: basis: The new basis. Raises: QiskitColdAtomError: If the dimension of the basis is too large. """ if basis.dimension > self.max_dimension: raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"Dimension {basis.dimension} exceeds the maximum " f"allowed dimension {self.max_dimension}." ) self._basis = basis def preprocess_circuit(self, circuit: QuantumCircuit): """ Pre-processing fermionic circuits includes setting up the basis for the simulation by extracting the size, particle number and spin conservation from the circuit. Args: circuit: A fermionic quantum circuit for which to setup a basis. """ initial_occupations = FermionicState.initial_state(circuit, self.num_species) _, spin_conservation = self._check_conservations(circuit) self.basis = FermionicBasis.from_state(initial_occupations, spin_conservation) self._dim = self.basis.dimension def get_initial_state(self, circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> csc_matrix: """ Return the initial state of the quantum circuit as a sparse column vector. Args: circuit: The circuit for which to extract the initial_state. Returns: The initial state of the circuit as a sparse matrix. """ init_state = FermionicState.initial_state(circuit, self.num_species) initial_occs = init_state.occupations_flat initial_index = self.basis.get_occupations().index(initial_occs) initial_state = csc_matrix( ([1 + 0j], ([initial_index], [0])), shape=(self.basis.dimension, 1), dtype=complex, ) return initial_state def _embed_operator( self, operator: FermionicOp, num_wires: int, qargs: List[int] ) -> FermionicOp: """ Turn a FermionicOp operator that acts on the wires given in qargs into an operator that acts on the entire state space of the circuit by padding with identities "I" on the remaining wires Args: operator: FermionicOp describing the generating Hamiltonian of a gate num_wires: The total number of wires in which the operator should be embedded into qargs: The wire indices the gate acts on Returns: FermionicOp, an operator acting on the entire quantum register of the Circuit Raises: QiskitColdAtomError: - If the given operator is not a FermionicOp - If the size of the operator does not match the given qargs """ if not isinstance(operator, FermionicOp): raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"Expected FermionicOp; got {type(operator).__name__} instead." ) if operator.num_spin_orbitals != len(qargs): raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"length of gate labels {operator.num_spin_orbitals} does not match " f"qargs {qargs} of the gates" ) embedded_terms = [] for partial_label, factor in operator.terms(): embedded_terms.append((operator._permute_term(partial_label, qargs), factor)) reordered_op = FermionicOp.from_terms(embedded_terms) reordered_op.num_spin_orbitals = num_wires return reordered_op def _check_conservations(self, circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> Tuple[bool, bool]: """ Check if the fermionic operators defined in the circuit conserve the total particle number (i.e. there are as many creation operators as annihilation operators) and the particle number per spin species (e.g. there are as many up/down creation operators as there are up/down annihilation operators). Args: circuit: A quantum circuit with fermionic gates Returns: particle_conservation: True if the particle number is conserved in the circuit spin_conservation: True if the particle number is conserved for each spin species Raises: QiskitColdAtomError: - If an operator in the circuit is not a FermionicOp. - If the length of the fermionic operators does not match the system size. - If the circuit has a number of wires that is not a multiple of the number of fermionic species. """ particle_conservation = True spin_conservation = True for fermionic_op in self.to_operators(circuit): if not isinstance(fermionic_op, FermionicOp): raise QiskitColdAtomError("operators need to be given as FermionicOp") if fermionic_op.num_spin_orbitals != circuit.num_qubits: raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"Expected length {circuit.num_qubits} for fermionic operator; " f"received {fermionic_op.num_spin_orbitals}." ) for opstring, _ in fermionic_op.terms(): op_types = [op for op, _ in opstring] num_creators = op_types.count("+") num_annihilators = op_types.count("-") if num_creators != num_annihilators: return False, False if self.num_species > 1: if circuit.num_qubits % self.num_species != 0: raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"The number of wires in the circuit {circuit.num_qubits} is not a " f"multiple of the {self.num_species} fermionic species number." ) sites = circuit.num_qubits // self.num_species # check if the particle number is conserved for each spin species for i in range(self.num_species): spin_range = range(i * sites, (i + 1) * sites) op_types_in_range = [op for op, idx in opstring if idx in spin_range] num_creators = op_types_in_range.count("+") num_annihilators = op_types_in_range.count("-") if num_creators != num_annihilators: spin_conservation = False break return particle_conservation, spin_conservation def operator_to_mat(self, operator: FermionicOp) -> csc_matrix: """Convert the fermionic operator to a sparse matrix. Args: operator: fermionic operator of which to compute the matrix representation Returns: scipy.sparse matrix of the Hamiltonian """ return FermionicGate.operator_to_mat(operator, self.num_species, self._basis) def draw_shots(self, measurement_distribution: List[float]) -> List[str]: """ Helper function to draw counts from a given distribution of measurement outcomes. Args: measurement_distribution: List of probabilities of the individual measurement outcomes Returns: a list of individual measurement results, e.g. ["011000", "100010", ...] The outcome of each shot is denoted by a binary string of the occupations of the individual modes in little endian convention Raises: QiskitColdAtomError: - If the length of the given probabilities does not match the expected Hilbert space dimension. - If the number of shots self.shots has not been specified. """ meas_dim = len(measurement_distribution) if meas_dim != self.dim: raise QiskitColdAtomError( f"Dimension of the measurement probabilities {meas_dim} does not " f"match the dimension expected by the solver, {self.dim}" ) if self.shots is None: raise QiskitColdAtomError( "The number of shots has to be set before drawing measurements" ) # list all possible outcomes as strings '001011', reversing the order of the wires # to comply with Qiskit's ordering convention outcome_strings = ["".join(map(str, k)) for k in self.basis.get_occupations()] # Draw measurements: meas_results = np.random.choice(outcome_strings, self.shots, p=measurement_distribution) return meas_results.tolist()
https://github.com/jonasmaziero/computacao_quantica_qiskit
jonasmaziero
cos(-2*pi/3), sin(-2*pi/3), cos(-4*pi/3), sin(-4*pi/3), cos(-8*pi/3), sin(-8*pi/3)
https://github.com/C2QA/bosonic-qiskit
C2QA
# To use the package locally, add the C2QA repository's root folder to the path prior to importing c2qa. import os import sys module_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join("../..")) if module_path not in sys.path: sys.path.append(module_path) # Import packages that will be used import c2qa import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit.circuit.library import RGate # To prepare a cat state, we first set our initial parameters: we need one qumode and one ancillary qubit. We will also # need to set a cutoff for our qumode. Nmodes=1 Nqubits = 1 cutoff = 2**4 # The photon number at which to truncate the Hilbert space. Our basis will consist of Fock states |0> to |cutoff-1> alpha = 3/np.sqrt(2) # Instantiate the Qumode register qmr = c2qa.QumodeRegister(num_qumodes=Nmodes, num_qubits_per_qumode=int(np.ceil(np.log2(cutoff)))) # Instantiate a Qubit and Classical register qbr = QuantumRegister(Nqubits) cbr = ClassicalRegister(Nqubits) # Initialize a CVCircuit, which includes both the qumode register as well as the qubit register circuit = c2qa.CVCircuit(qmr, qbr, cbr) # Compose cat state prep circuit circuit.h(qbr[0]) circuit.cv_c_d(alpha,qmr[0],qbr[0]) circuit.h(qbr[0]) circuit.measure(qbr[0],cbr[0]) # Now draw the circuit using Qiskit's draw() function # circuit.draw(scale=1, output = 'mpl', fold = 32, filename = 'figures/Catcircuit.png') # Now simulate the circuit to retrieve the final density matrix. stateop, _, _ = c2qa.util.simulate(circuit) # Use Bosonic Qiskit's built-in plot_wigner function, which traces out the qubit and displays the Wigner (phase-space) # representation of the qumode state. fig = c2qa.wigner.plot_wigner(circuit, stateop, dpi = 300) # We can also print out the occupancy of the modes and their complex amplitudes. c2qa.util.stateread(stateop,1,1,cutoff); # Let's first import the GKP parameters GKP_params = np.load('GKP_params.npz') # Set some initial parameters: Nmodes=1 # The number of qumodes Nqubits = 1 # The number of qubits cutoff = 2**5 # The qumode cutoff # Instantiate the Qumode register qmr = c2qa.QumodeRegister(num_qumodes=1, num_qubits_per_qumode=int(np.ceil(np.log2(cutoff)))) # Instantiate a Qubit register qbr = QuantumRegister(Nqubits) # Initialize a CVCircuit, which includes both the qumode register as well as the qubit register circuit = c2qa.CVCircuit(qmr, qbr) # Now append gates to the circuit. Here, we append multiple layers, each with a single qubit RGate, followed by # a conditional displacement and an X gate (which together form the "echoed-conditional displacement" -- for more info, # see https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-022-01776-9. for beta, phi, theta in zip(GKP_params['betas'], GKP_params['phis'], GKP_params['thetas']): circuit.append(RGate(theta,phi),[qbr[0]]) circuit.cv_c_d(beta/2,qmr[0],qbr[0]) circuit.x(qbr[0]) # Now draw the circuit using Qiskit's draw() function # circuit.draw(scale=0.6, output = 'mpl', fold = 32, filename = 'figures/GKPcircuit.png') # Now simulate the circuit to retrieve the final density matrix. stateop, _, _ = c2qa.util.simulate(circuit) # Use Bosonic Qiskit's built-in plot_wigner function, which traces out the qubit and displays the Wigner (phase-space) # representation of the qumode state. fig = c2qa.wigner.plot_wigner(circuit, stateop, dpi = 300) # Let's first define a function which constructs our approximation to e^{-iH*dt} def createU2U1(Nsites,Nbosons, cutoff, U, J, dt): from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_gate from qiskit.circuit import Parameter qmr = c2qa.QumodeRegister(num_qumodes=Nsites, num_qubits_per_qumode=int(np.ceil(np.log2(cutoff)))) circuit = c2qa.CVCircuit(qmr) # First apply U1: Apply beamsplitters in brickwork layout theta = -J*dt for i in range(0,len(qmr)-1,2): circuit.cv_bs(-theta,qmr[i],qmr[i+1]) for i in range(1,len(qmr)-1,2): circuit.cv_bs(-theta,qmr[i],qmr[i+1]) # Now apply U2: Use SNAP gate for each site and Fock state theta = (U/2)*dt for i in range(0,len(qmr)): # For each site for n in range(2,cutoff): # For each Fock state circuit.cv_snap(-theta*n*(n-1),n,qmr[i]) # Apply SNAP with phase proportional to n*(n-1) return circuit_to_gate(circuit,label = 'U2 U1') # Let's simulate a Bose-Hubbard model with Nsites for the simple case where we have Nbosons loaded into the lattice Nsites = 4 Nbosons = 4 cutoff = Nbosons + 1 # Initialize the qumode register qmr = c2qa.QumodeRegister(num_qumodes=Nsites, num_qubits_per_qumode=int(np.ceil(np.log2(cutoff)))) circuit = c2qa.CVCircuit(qmr) # Choose parameters J = 1 U = 0.1 dt = 0.2 t_array = np.arange(0,13*dt,dt) # Create U2U1, which carries out a single time step of length dt U2U1 = createU2U1(Nsites, Nbosons, cutoff, U, J, dt) # Initialize the left-most and right-most mode to each have two bosons initially circuit.cv_initialize(2, qmr[0]) circuit.cv_initialize(2, qmr[3]) # Loop through each time step and simulate occupancy_list = np.zeros((len(t_array),Nsites)) for i in range(0,len(t_array)): print('Timestep ' + str(int(i+1)) + '/' + str(len(t_array))) circuit.append(U2U1,qmr[:]) stateop, _, _ = c2qa.util.simulate(circuit) # Print out occupancy occupancy, _ = c2qa.util.stateread(stateop, 0, Nsites, cutoff, verbose=False,little_endian=True) occupancy_list[i,:]=np.array(occupancy[0]) occupancy_largeJ = occupancy_list plt.set_cmap("magma") fig = plt.figure(figsize = (4,8)) plt.pcolormesh([0,1,2,3],np.arange(0,len(t_array)),occupancy_largeJ,linewidth=0,rasterized=True,shading='auto') plt.title("$J=$" + str(J) + ", $U=$" + str(0.1)) plt.xticks([0,1,2,3]) plt.xlabel("Qumode") plt.ylabel("Time ($dt$)") plt.clim(0,2) cbar = plt.colorbar(orientation='vertical',ax=plt.gca()) cbar.ax.get_yaxis().labelpad = 20 cbar.set_ticks([0,0.5,1,1.5,2]) cbar.set_label("Mode occupation", rotation=270) plt.tight_layout() # As usual, first define how many qumodes we want, and how many qubits we should use to represent each (equivalent to choosing a cutoff) num_qumodes = 1 num_qubits_per_qumode = 4 qmr = c2qa.QumodeRegister(num_qumodes, num_qubits_per_qumode) circuit = c2qa.CVCircuit(qmr) # First initialize the qumode in Fock state |3> circuit.cv_initialize(3, qmr[0]) # Let's now apply a displacement gate. Bosonic Qiskit allows a user to specify the gate duration in user-specified units (which # will be used to calculate the loss probability at each time step). Let's go with a 100ns gate duration. circuit.cv_d(1.5, qmr[0], duration=100, unit="ns") # Now set a loss rate -- make it large enough such that we can actually see the loss photon_loss_rate = 0.02 # This is a loss rate in units of 1/ns time_unit = "ns" noise_pass = c2qa.kraus.PhotonLossNoisePass(photon_loss_rates=photon_loss_rate, circuit=circuit, time_unit=time_unit) # The noise pass can then be passed into simulate state, result, _ = c2qa.util.simulate(circuit, noise_passes=noise_pass) # Alternatively, we can animate our circuit using the animate_wigner() function built-into bosonic qiskit. wigner_filename = "figures/photon_loss.mp4" c2qa.animate.animate_wigner( circuit, animation_segments=200, # file=wigner_filename, noise_passes=noise_pass )
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-cold-atom
qiskit-community
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2021. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """General spin simulator backend.""" from typing import Union, List, Dict, Any, Optional import uuid from fractions import Fraction import warnings import time import datetime from qiskit.providers.models import BackendConfiguration from qiskit.providers import Options from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.result import Result from qiskit.circuit.measure import Measure from qiskit_aer import AerJob from qiskit_cold_atom.spins.spin_circuit_solver import SpinCircuitSolver from qiskit_cold_atom.spins.base_spin_backend import BaseSpinBackend from qiskit_cold_atom.circuit_tools import CircuitTools class SpinSimulator(BaseSpinBackend): """A simulator to simulate general spin circuits. This general spin simulator backend simulates spin circuits with gates that have generators described by spin Hamiltonians. It computes the statevector and unitary of a circuit and simulates measurements. """ # Default configuration of the backend if the user does not provide one. __DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION__ = { "backend_name": "spin_simulator", "backend_version": "0.0.1", "n_qubits": None, "basis_gates": None, "gates": [], "local": True, "simulator": True, "conditional": False, "open_pulse": False, "memory": True, "max_shots": 1e5, "coupling_map": None, "description": "a base simulator for spin circuits. Instead of a qubit, each wire represents a " "single high-dimensional spin", } def __init__(self, config_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, provider=None): """ Initialize the backend from a configuration dictionary. Args: config_dict: Configuration dictionary of the backend. If None is given a default is assumed. """ if config_dict is None: config_dict = self.__DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION__ super().__init__( configuration=BackendConfiguration.from_dict(config_dict), provider=provider ) @classmethod def _default_options(cls): return Options(shots=1) def _execute(self, data: Dict[str, Any], job_id: str = "") -> Result: """ Helper function to execute a job. The circuit and all relevant parameters are given in the data dict. Performs validation checks on the received circuits and utilizes the SpinCircuitSolver to perform the numerical simulations. Args: data: Data dictionary that that contains the experiments to simulate, given in the shape: data = { "num_species": int, "shots": int, "seed": int, "experiments": Dict[str, QuantumCircuit], } job_id: The job id assigned by the run method Returns: result: A qiskit job result. """ # Start timer start = time.time() output = {"results": []} spin = data["spin"] shots = data["shots"] seed = data["seed"] solver = SpinCircuitSolver(spin, shots, seed) for exp_i, exp_name in enumerate(data["experiments"]): experiment = data["experiments"][exp_name] circuit = experiment["circuit"] # perform compatibility checks with the backend configuration in case gates and supported # instructions are constrained by the backend's configuration if self.configuration().gates and self.configuration().supported_instructions: CircuitTools.validate_circuits(circuits=circuit, backend=self, shots=shots) # check whether all wires are measured measured_wires = set() for inst in circuit.data: if isinstance(inst[0], Measure): for wire in inst[1]: index = circuit.qubits.index(wire) if index in measured_wires: warnings.warn( f"Wire {index} has already been measured, " f"second measurement is ignored" ) else: measured_wires.add(index) if measured_wires and len(measured_wires) != len(circuit.qubits): warnings.warn( f"Number of wires in the circuit ({len(circuit.qubits)}) does not equal the " f"number of wires with measurement instructions ({len(measured_wires)}). " f"{self.__class__.__name__} only supports measurement of the entire quantum " "register which will be performed instead." ) if not measured_wires: solver.shots = None simulation_result = solver(circuit) output["results"].append( { "header": {"name": exp_name, "random_seed": seed}, "shots": shots, "spin": spin, "status": "DONE", "success": True, } ) # add the simulation result at the correct place in the result dictionary output["results"][exp_i]["data"] = simulation_result output["job_id"] = job_id output["date"] = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat() output["backend_name"] = self.name() output["backend_version"] = self.configuration().backend_version output["time_taken"] = time.time() - start output["success"] = True output["qobj_id"] = None return Result.from_dict(output) # pylint: disable=arguments-differ, unused-argument def run( self, circuits: Union[QuantumCircuit, List[QuantumCircuit]], shots: int = 1000, spin: Union[float, Fraction] = Fraction(1, 2), seed: Optional[int] = None, **run_kwargs, ) -> AerJob: """ Run the simulator with a variable length of the individual spins. Args: circuits: A list of quantum circuits. shots: The number of shots to measure. spin: The spin length of the simulated system which must be a positive integer or half-integer. Defaults to 1/2 which is equivalent to qubits. seed: The seed for the simulator. run_kwargs: Additional keyword arguments that might be passed down when calling qiskit.execute() which will have no effect on this backend. Returns: aer_job: a job object containing the result of the simulation """ if isinstance(circuits, QuantumCircuit): circuits = [circuits] data = {"spin": spin, "shots": shots, "seed": seed, "experiments": {}} for idx, circuit in enumerate(circuits): data["experiments"]["experiment_%i" % idx] = { "circuit": circuit, } job_id = str(uuid.uuid4()) aer_job = AerJob(self, job_id, self._execute, data) aer_job.submit() return aer_job
https://github.com/MonitSharma/Qiskit-Summer-School-and-Quantum-Challenges
MonitSharma
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from copy import deepcopy # Importing standard Qiskit libraries from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, transpile, Aer, IBMQ, execute from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * from qiskit.visualization import * from qiskit.providers.aer import QasmSimulator from tqdm.notebook import tqdm from qiskit.providers.aer import QasmSimulator from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit.circuit import Parameter import qiskit.quantum_info as qi from qc_grader.challenges.spring_2022.helpers import generate_XX, generate_YY, generate_disordered_tb_instruction # Suppress warnings import warnings warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') import pylatexenc import IPython t = Parameter('t') XX = generate_XX(t) YY = generate_YY(t) from scipy.special import jv t_test = 20 r = np.linspace(-50,50,101) gaussian = np.exp(-r**2/t_test) / np.sum(np.exp(-r**2/t_test)) bessel = np.abs(jv(r,2*t_test))**2 / np.sum(np.abs(jv(r,2*t_test))**2) plt.figure(facecolor='white') plt.plot(r, gaussian, label=r'Gaussian function') plt.plot(r, bessel, label=r'Bessel function') plt.xlabel('Position') plt.ylabel('Probability density') plt.legend() plt.show() num_qubits = 5 ## DO NOT EDIT Trot_tb_qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits) Trot_tb_qc = QuantumCircuit(Trot_tb_qr, name='Trot') ###EDIT CODE BELOW for j in [0,2]: Trot_tb_qc.append(YY, [Trot_tb_qr[j], Trot_tb_qr[j+1]]) Trot_tb_qc.append(XX, [Trot_tb_qr[j], Trot_tb_qr[j+1]]) for i in [1,3]: Trot_tb_qc.append(YY, [Trot_tb_qr[i], Trot_tb_qr[i+1]]) Trot_tb_qc.append(XX, [Trot_tb_qr[i], Trot_tb_qr[i+1]]) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW Trot_tb_gate = Trot_tb_qc.to_instruction() Trot_tb_qc.draw(output='mpl') ## Grade and submit your solution from qc_grader.challenges.spring_2022 import grade_ex2a grade_ex2a(Trot_tb_qc) delta_t=0.15 # DO NOT EDIT time_steps=np.arange(1,20,1) # DO NOT EDIT circuits=[] for n_steps in time_steps: qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits) cr = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,cr) ###EDIT CODE BELOW qc.x([0]) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW for _ in range(n_steps): qc.append(Trot_tb_gate, [i for i in range(num_qubits)]) qc = qc.bind_parameters({t: delta_t}) circuits.append(qc) from qiskit import transpile # Use Aer's statevector simulator from qiskit import Aer # Run the quantum circuit on a statevector simulator backend backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') probability_density=[] for circ in tqdm(circuits): transpiled_circ=transpile(circ, backend_sim, optimization_level=3) job_sim = backend_sim.run(transpiled_circ) # Grab the results from the job. result_sim = job_sim.result() outputstate = result_sim.get_statevector(transpiled_circ, decimals=5) ps=[] ###EDIT CODE BELOW (Extract the probability of finding the excitation on each qubit) probs=[] for i in range(num_qubits): prob=outputstate.probabilities([i]) # type(..) >> list probs.append(prob) for elem in probs: excited=elem[1] ps.append(excited) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW probability_density.append(ps) probability_density=np.array(probability_density) plt.figure(figsize=(3,5), facecolor='white') plt.pcolormesh(np.arange(0,num_qubits,1), time_steps*delta_t, probability_density) plt.xlabel('Qubit index') plt.ylabel('Time (1/J)') ## Grade and submit your solution from qc_grader.challenges.spring_2022 import grade_ex2b grade_ex2b(probability_density) from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor from qiskit import IBMQ # Loading your IBM Quantum account IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.providers() # see a list of providers you have access to # Get the special provider assigned to you using information from the output above hub_name = 'qc-spring-22-4' # e.g. 'qc-spring-22-1' group_name = 'group-2' # e.g. 'group-2' project_name = 'recrrGhzxg3VULGQS' # e.g. 'recPdHH04wfWiNHjG' provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub=hub_name, group=group_name, project=project_name) # Get `ibm_nairobi` backend from the provider backend_name = 'ibm_nairobi' backend = provider.get_backend(backend_name) backend # See details of the `ibm_nairobi` quantum system initial_layout=[0 , 1 , 3 , 5 , 4] hardware_transpiled_circuits=[] for circ in circuits: hardware_circ=deepcopy(circ) hardware_circ.barrier() hardware_circ.measure(range(num_qubits), range(num_qubits)) hardware_transpiled_circuits.append(transpile(hardware_circ, backend, initial_layout=initial_layout, optimization_level=3)) shots=1024 job = execute(hardware_transpiled_circuits, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job) print('Job ID', job.job_id()) qc = QuantumCircuit(5,1) qc.x([0]) qc.measure(0,0) # Measuring only qubit 0 (q_0) and storing the measurement result in classical bit (a.k.a register) 0. jobs = execute(qc,backend,shots=1024) # Sending job to ibm_nairobi. counts = jobs.result().get_counts(qc) probs = {key:value/shots for key, value in counts.items()} print(qc) print(counts) print(probs) experiment_results=backend.retrieve_job('629c26b701885c41f6f358c2').result() i=0 for output in experiment_results.get_counts(): # Doing a for through each measurement (each new experiment). print(f'output: {type(output)}\n') print(output, '\n') #print(output.keys()) # Type >> <class 'dict_keys'> print(f"Number of Basis states/prob. amp.: {len(output)}.\n") i+=1 if i == 2: break type(experiment_results.get_counts()), len(experiment_results.get_counts()) # There are 19 dictionaries. Each dict. corresponds to an average measurement trial. for output in experiment_results.get_counts(): for key, value in output.items(): print(key, value) print('') print(output.keys()) break Z = np.random.rand(2, 2) Z Z.shape, len(Z) plt.pcolormesh(Z) Z.tolist() plt.pcolormesh(Z.tolist()) experiment_results=job.result() #experiment_results=backend.retrieve_job('629c26b701885c41f6f358c2').result() probability_density_exp=[] for output in experiment_results.get_counts(): ps=[] ###EDIT CODE BELOW (Extract the probability of finding the excitation on each qubit) for key in ['00001', '00010', '00100', '01000', '10000']: try: count=float(output.get(key)) prob=(count/shots) except: prob=0 ps.append(prob) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW probability_density_exp.append(ps) plt.figure(figsize=(3,5), facecolor='white') plt.pcolormesh(np.arange(0,num_qubits,1), time_steps*delta_t, probability_density_exp) plt.xlabel('Qubit index') plt.ylabel('Time (1/J)') beta=(np.sqrt(5)-1)/2 # DO NOT EDIT AA_patern=np.cos(2*np.pi*beta*np.arange(num_qubits)) # DO NOT EDIT plt.plot(np.linspace(-0.5,4.5,101), np.cos(2*np.pi*beta*np.linspace(-0.5,4.5,101)), '--') plt.plot(np.arange(num_qubits), AA_patern, 'o', label=r'$\epsilon_i$') plt.xlabel('Position') plt.ylabel('Energy') plt.legend() plt.title('Aubry-Andre potential') plt.show() Trot_qr_disorder = QuantumRegister(num_qubits) Trot_qc_disorder = QuantumCircuit(Trot_qr_disorder, name='Trot disorder') Trot_qc_disorder.append(Trot_tb_gate,[0,1,2,3,4]) deltas=[Parameter('delta_{:d}'.format(idx)) for idx in range(num_qubits)] ###EDIT CODE BELOW (add a parametric disorder to each qubit) for i in range(0, num_qubits): Trot_qc_disorder.rz(2*deltas[i]*t,i) # (angles, qubits). ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW # Convert custom quantum circuit into a gate Trot_disorder_gate = Trot_qc_disorder.to_instruction() Trot_qc_disorder.draw(output='mpl') delta_t=0.15 time_steps=np.arange(1,20,1) W=2 # DO NOT EDIT disorders=W*AA_patern # DO NOT EDIT disorder_circuits=[] for n_steps in time_steps: qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits) cr = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.x(0) for _ in range(n_steps): qc.append(Trot_disorder_gate, [i for i in range(num_qubits)]) qc = qc.bind_parameters({t: delta_t}) qc = qc.bind_parameters({deltas[idx]: disorders[idx] for idx in range(num_qubits)}) disorder_circuits.append(qc) from qiskit import transpile # Use Aer's statevector simulator from qiskit import Aer # Run the quantum circuit on a statevector simulator backend backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') probability_density_localization=[] for circ in tqdm(disorder_circuits): transpiled_circ=transpile(circ, backend_sim, optimization_level=3) job_sim = backend_sim.run(transpiled_circ) # Grab the results from the job. result_sim = job_sim.result() outputstate = result_sim.get_statevector(transpiled_circ, decimals=5) ps=[] ###EDIT CODE BELOW (Extract the probability of finding the excitation on each qubit) probs=[] for i in range(num_qubits): prob=outputstate.probabilities([i]) # type(..) >> list probs.append(prob) for elem in probs: excited=elem[1] ps.append(excited) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW probability_density_localization.append(ps) probability_density_localization=np.array(probability_density_localization) plt.figure(figsize=(3,5), facecolor='white') plt.pcolormesh(np.arange(0,num_qubits,1), time_steps*delta_t ,probability_density_localization) plt.xlabel('Qubit index') plt.ylabel('Time (1/J)') ## Grade and submit your solution from qc_grader.challenges.spring_2022 import grade_ex2c grade_ex2c(probability_density_localization) from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor provider = IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='qc-spring-22-4', group='group-2', project='recrrGhzxg3VULGQS') backend = provider.get_backend('ibm_nairobi') initial_layout=[0 , 1 , 3 , 5 , 4] hardware_transpiled_circuits_disordered=[] for circ in disorder_circuits: hardware_circ=deepcopy(circ) hardware_circ.barrier() hardware_circ.measure(range(num_qubits), range(num_qubits)) hardware_transpiled_circuits_disordered.append(transpile(hardware_circ, backend, initial_layout=initial_layout, optimization_level=3)) shots=1024 job_disorder = execute(hardware_transpiled_circuits_disordered, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job_disorder) print('Job ID', job_disorder.job_id()) disorder_experiment_results=job_disorder.result() #disorder_experiment_results=backend.retrieve_job('6290b7ce4bb9753402efaa20').result() disorder_probability_density_exp=[] for output in disorder_experiment_results.get_counts(): ps=[] ###EDIT CODE BELOW (Extract the probability of finding the excitation on each qubit) for key in ['00001', '00010', '00100', '01000', '10000']: try: count=float(output.get(key)) prob=(count/shots) except: prob=0 ps.append(prob) ###DO NOT EDIT BELOW disorder_probability_density_exp.append(ps) plt.figure(figsize=(3,5), facecolor='white') plt.pcolormesh(np.arange(0,num_qubits,1), time_steps*delta_t, disorder_probability_density_exp) plt.xlabel('Qubit index') plt.ylabel('Time (1/J)')
https://github.com/a24l/IBM_Qiskit_QGSS
a24l
import networkx as nx import numpy as np import plotly.graph_objects as go import matplotlib as mpl import pandas as pd from IPython.display import clear_output from plotly.subplots import make_subplots from matplotlib import pyplot as plt from qiskit import Aer from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.visualization import plot_state_city from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA, SLSQP, ADAM from time import time from copy import copy from typing import List from qc_grader.graph_util import display_maxcut_widget, QAOA_widget, graphs mpl.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300 from qiskit.circuit import Parameter, ParameterVector #Parameters are initialized with a simple string identifier parameter_0 = Parameter('θ[0]') parameter_1 = Parameter('θ[1]') circuit = QuantumCircuit(1) #We can then pass the initialized parameters as the rotation angle argument to the Rx and Ry gates circuit.ry(theta = parameter_0, qubit = 0) circuit.rx(theta = parameter_1, qubit = 0) circuit.draw('mpl') parameter = Parameter('θ') circuit = QuantumCircuit(1) circuit.ry(theta = parameter, qubit = 0) circuit.rx(theta = parameter, qubit = 0) circuit.draw('mpl') #Set the number of layers and qubits n=3 num_layers = 2 #ParameterVectors are initialized with a string identifier and an integer specifying the vector length parameters = ParameterVector('θ', n*(num_layers+1)) circuit = QuantumCircuit(n, n) for layer in range(num_layers): #Appending the parameterized Ry gates using parameters from the vector constructed above for i in range(n): circuit.ry(parameters[n*layer+i], i) circuit.barrier() #Appending the entangling CNOT gates for i in range(n): for j in range(i): circuit.cx(j,i) circuit.barrier() #Appending one additional layer of parameterized Ry gates for i in range(n): circuit.ry(parameters[n*num_layers+i], i) circuit.barrier() circuit.draw('mpl') print(circuit.parameters) #Create parameter dictionary with random values to bind param_dict = {parameter: np.random.random() for parameter in parameters} print(param_dict) #Assign parameters using the assign_parameters method bound_circuit = circuit.assign_parameters(parameters = param_dict) bound_circuit.draw('mpl') new_parameters = ParameterVector('Ψ',9) new_circuit = circuit.assign_parameters(parameters = [k*new_parameters[k] for k in range(9)]) new_circuit.draw('mpl') #Run the circuit with assigned parameters on Aer's statevector simulator simulator = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') result = simulator.run(bound_circuit).result() statevector = result.get_statevector(bound_circuit) plot_state_city(statevector) #The following line produces an error when run because 'circuit' still contains non-assigned parameters #result = simulator.run(circuit).result() for key in graphs.keys(): print(key) graph = nx.Graph() #Add nodes and edges graph.add_nodes_from(np.arange(0,6,1)) edges = [(0,1,2.0),(0,2,3.0),(0,3,2.0),(0,4,4.0),(0,5,1.0),(1,2,4.0),(1,3,1.0),(1,4,1.0),(1,5,3.0),(2,4,2.0),(2,5,3.0),(3,4,5.0),(3,5,1.0)] graph.add_weighted_edges_from(edges) graphs['custom'] = graph #Display widget display_maxcut_widget(graphs['custom']) def maxcut_cost_fn(graph: nx.Graph, bitstring: List[int]) -> float: """ Computes the maxcut cost function value for a given graph and cut represented by some bitstring Args: graph: The graph to compute cut values for bitstring: A list of integer values '0' or '1' specifying a cut of the graph Returns: The value of the cut """ #Get the weight matrix of the graph weight_matrix = nx.adjacency_matrix(graph).toarray() size = weight_matrix.shape[0] value = 0. #INSERT YOUR CODE TO COMPUTE THE CUT VALUE HERE for i in range(size): for j in range(size): value+=float(weight_matrix[i][j])*float(bitstring[i])*(1-float(bitstring[j])) return value def plot_maxcut_histogram(graph: nx.Graph) -> None: """ Plots a bar diagram with the values for all possible cuts of a given graph. Args: graph: The graph to compute cut values for """ num_vars = graph.number_of_nodes() #Create list of bitstrings and corresponding cut values bitstrings = ['{:b}'.format(i).rjust(num_vars, '0')[::-1] for i in range(2**num_vars)] values = [maxcut_cost_fn(graph = graph, bitstring = [int(x) for x in bitstring]) for bitstring in bitstrings] #Sort both lists by largest cut value values, bitstrings = zip(*sorted(zip(values, bitstrings))) #Plot bar diagram bar_plot = go.Bar(x = bitstrings, y = values, marker=dict(color=values, colorscale = 'plasma', colorbar=dict(title='Cut Value'))) fig = go.Figure(data=bar_plot, layout = dict(xaxis=dict(type = 'category'), width = 1500, height = 600)) fig.show() plot_maxcut_histogram(graph = graphs['custom']) from qc_grader import grade_lab2_ex1 bitstring = [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0] #DEFINE THE CORRECT MAXCUT BITSTRING HERE # Note that the grading function is expecting a list of integers '0' and '1' grade_lab2_ex1(bitstring) from qiskit_optimization import QuadraticProgram quadratic_program = QuadraticProgram('sample_problem') print(quadratic_program.export_as_lp_string()) quadratic_program.binary_var(name = 'x_0') quadratic_program.integer_var(name = 'x_1') quadratic_program.continuous_var(name = 'x_2', lowerbound = -2.5, upperbound = 1.8) quadratic = [[0,1,2],[3,4,5],[0,1,2]] linear = [10,20,30] quadratic_program.minimize(quadratic = quadratic, linear = linear, constant = -5) print(quadratic_program.export_as_lp_string()) def quadratic_program_from_graph(graph: nx.Graph) -> QuadraticProgram: """Constructs a quadratic program from a given graph for a MaxCut problem instance. Args: graph: Underlying graph of the problem. Returns: QuadraticProgram """ #Get weight matrix of graph weight_matrix = nx.adjacency_matrix(graph) shape = weight_matrix.shape size = shape[0] #Build qubo matrix Q from weight matrix W qubo_matrix = np.zeros((size, size)) qubo_vector = np.zeros(size) for i in range(size): for j in range(size): qubo_matrix[i, j] -= weight_matrix[i, j] for i in range(size): for j in range(size): qubo_vector[i] += weight_matrix[i,j] #INSERT YOUR CODE HERE quadratic_program=QuadraticProgram('sample_problem') for i in range(size): quadratic_program.binary_var(name='x_{}'.format(i)) quadratic_program.maximize(quadratic=qubo_matrix,linear=qubo_vector) return quadratic_program quadratic_program = quadratic_program_from_graph(graphs['custom']) print(quadratic_program.export_as_lp_string()) from qc_grader import grade_lab2_ex2 # Note that the grading function is expecting a quadratic program grade_lab2_ex2(quadratic_program) def qaoa_circuit(qubo: QuadraticProgram, p: int = 1): """ Given a QUBO instance and the number of layers p, constructs the corresponding parameterized QAOA circuit with p layers. Args: qubo: The quadratic program instance p: The number of layers in the QAOA circuit Returns: The parameterized QAOA circuit """ size = len(qubo.variables) qubo_matrix = qubo.objective.quadratic.to_array(symmetric=True) qubo_linearity = qubo.objective.linear.to_array() #Prepare the quantum and classical registers qaoa_circuit = QuantumCircuit(size,size) #Apply the initial layer of Hadamard gates to all qubits qaoa_circuit.h(range(size)) #Create the parameters to be used in the circuit gammas = ParameterVector('gamma', p) betas = ParameterVector('beta', p) #Outer loop to create each layer for i in range(p): #Apply R_Z rotational gates from cost layer #INSERT YOUR CODE HERE for j in range(size): qmsc = 0.0 for k in range(size): qmsc+=qubo_matrix[j,k] qaoa_circuit.rz(gammas[i]*(qubo_linearity[j]+qmsc),j) #Apply R_ZZ rotational gates for entangled qubit rotations from cost layer #INSERT YOUR CODE HERE for j in range(size): for k in range(size): if j!=k: qaoa_circuit.rzz(gammas[i] * qubo_matrix[j,k] * 0.5, j, k) # Apply single qubit X - rotations with angle 2beta_i to all qubits #INSERT YOUR CODE HERE for j in range(size): qaoa_circuit.rx(2*betas[i],j) return qaoa_circuit quadratic_program = quadratic_program_from_graph(graphs['custom']) custom_circuit = qaoa_circuit(qubo = quadratic_program) test = custom_circuit.assign_parameters(parameters=[1.0]*len(custom_circuit.parameters)) from qc_grader import grade_lab2_ex3 # Note that the grading function is expecting a quantum circuit grade_lab2_ex3(test) from qiskit.algorithms import QAOA from qiskit_optimization.algorithms import MinimumEigenOptimizer backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') qaoa = QAOA(optimizer = ADAM(), quantum_instance = backend, reps=1, initial_point = [0.1,0.1]) eigen_optimizer = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver = qaoa) quadratic_program = quadratic_program_from_graph(graphs['custom']) result = eigen_optimizer.solve(quadratic_program) print(result) def plot_samples(samples): """ Plots a bar diagram for the samples of a quantum algorithm Args: samples """ #Sort samples by probability samples = sorted(samples, key = lambda x: x.probability) #Get list of probabilities, function values and bitstrings probabilities = [sample.probability for sample in samples] values = [sample.fval for sample in samples] bitstrings = [''.join([str(int(i)) for i in sample.x]) for sample in samples] #Plot bar diagram sample_plot = go.Bar(x = bitstrings, y = probabilities, marker=dict(color=values, colorscale = 'plasma',colorbar=dict(title='Function Value'))) fig = go.Figure( data=sample_plot, layout = dict( xaxis=dict( type = 'category' ) ) ) fig.show() plot_samples(result.samples) graph_name = 'custom' quadratic_program = quadratic_program_from_graph(graph=graphs[graph_name]) trajectory={'beta_0':[], 'gamma_0':[], 'energy':[]} offset = 1/4*quadratic_program.objective.quadratic.to_array(symmetric = True).sum() + 1/2*quadratic_program.objective.linear.to_array().sum() def callback(eval_count, params, mean, std_dev): trajectory['beta_0'].append(params[1]) trajectory['gamma_0'].append(params[0]) trajectory['energy'].append(-mean + offset) optimizers = { 'cobyla': COBYLA(), 'slsqp': SLSQP(), 'adam': ADAM() } qaoa = QAOA(optimizer = optimizers['cobyla'], quantum_instance = backend, reps=1, initial_point = [6.2,1.8],callback = callback) eigen_optimizer = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver = qaoa) result = eigen_optimizer.solve(quadratic_program) fig = QAOA_widget(landscape_file=f'./resources/energy_landscapes/{graph_name}.csv', trajectory = trajectory, samples = result.samples) fig.show() graph_name = 'custom' quadratic_program = quadratic_program_from_graph(graphs[graph_name]) #Create callback to record total number of evaluations max_evals = 0 def callback(eval_count, params, mean, std_dev): global max_evals max_evals = eval_count #Create empty lists to track values energies = [] runtimes = [] num_evals=[] #Run QAOA for different values of p for p in range(1,10): print(f'Evaluating for p = {p}...') qaoa = QAOA(optimizer = optimizers['cobyla'], quantum_instance = backend, reps=p, callback=callback) eigen_optimizer = MinimumEigenOptimizer(min_eigen_solver = qaoa) start = time() result = eigen_optimizer.solve(quadratic_program) runtimes.append(time()-start) num_evals.append(max_evals) #Calculate energy of final state from samples avg_value = 0. for sample in result.samples: avg_value += sample.probability*sample.fval energies.append(avg_value) #Create and display plots energy_plot = go.Scatter(x = list(range(1,10)), y =energies, marker=dict(color=energies, colorscale = 'plasma')) runtime_plot = go.Scatter(x = list(range(1,10)), y =runtimes, marker=dict(color=runtimes, colorscale = 'plasma')) num_evals_plot = go.Scatter(x = list(range(1,10)), y =num_evals, marker=dict(color=num_evals, colorscale = 'plasma')) fig = make_subplots(rows = 1, cols = 3, subplot_titles = ['Energy value', 'Runtime', 'Number of evaluations']) fig.update_layout(width=1800,height=600, showlegend=False) fig.add_trace(energy_plot, row=1, col=1) fig.add_trace(runtime_plot, row=1, col=2) fig.add_trace(num_evals_plot, row=1, col=3) clear_output() fig.show() def plot_qaoa_energy_landscape(graph: nx.Graph, cvar: float = None): num_shots = 1000 seed = 42 simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') simulator.set_options(seed_simulator = 42) #Generate circuit circuit = qaoa_circuit(qubo = quadratic_program_from_graph(graph), p=1) circuit.measure(range(graph.number_of_nodes()),range(graph.number_of_nodes())) #Create dictionary with precomputed cut values for all bitstrings cut_values = {} size = graph.number_of_nodes() for i in range(2**size): bitstr = '{:b}'.format(i).rjust(size, '0')[::-1] x = [int(bit) for bit in bitstr] cut_values[bitstr] = maxcut_cost_fn(graph, x) #Perform grid search over all parameters data_points = [] max_energy = None for beta in np.linspace(0,np.pi, 50): for gamma in np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 50): bound_circuit = circuit.assign_parameters([beta, gamma]) result = simulator.run(bound_circuit, shots = num_shots).result() statevector = result.get_counts(bound_circuit) energy = 0 measured_cuts = [] for bitstring, count in statevector.items(): measured_cuts = measured_cuts + [cut_values[bitstring]]*count if cvar is None: #Calculate the mean of all cut values energy = sum(measured_cuts)/num_shots else: #raise NotImplementedError() measured_cuts = sorted(measured_cuts, reverse = True) new_size = np.ceil(num_shots*cvar) for i in range(int(new_size)): energy += measured_cuts[i] energy /= new_size #Update optimal parameters if max_energy is None or energy > max_energy: max_energy = energy optimum = {'beta': beta, 'gamma': gamma, 'energy': energy} #Update data data_points.append({'beta': beta, 'gamma': gamma, 'energy': energy}) #Create and display surface plot from data_points df = pd.DataFrame(data_points) df = df.pivot(index='beta', columns='gamma', values='energy') matrix = df.to_numpy() beta_values = df.index.tolist() gamma_values = df.columns.tolist() surface_plot = go.Surface( x=gamma_values, y=beta_values, z=matrix, coloraxis = 'coloraxis' ) fig = go.Figure(data = surface_plot) fig.show() #Return optimum return optimum graph = graphs['custom'] optimal_parameters = plot_qaoa_energy_landscape(graph = graph) print('Optimal parameters:') print(optimal_parameters) optimal_parameters = plot_qaoa_energy_landscape(graph = graph, cvar = 0.2) print(optimal_parameters) from qc_grader import grade_lab2_ex4 # Note that the grading function is expecting a python dictionary # with the entries 'beta', 'gamma' and 'energy' grade_lab2_ex4(optimal_parameters)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit_nature.units import DistanceUnit from qiskit_nature.second_q.drivers import PySCFDriver from qiskit_nature.second_q.mappers import ParityMapper from qiskit_nature.second_q.properties import ParticleNumber from qiskit_nature.second_q.transformers import ActiveSpaceTransformer bond_distance = 2.5 # in Angstrom # specify driver driver = PySCFDriver( atom=f"Li 0 0 0; H 0 0 {bond_distance}", basis="sto3g", charge=0, spin=0, unit=DistanceUnit.ANGSTROM, ) problem = driver.run() # specify active space transformation active_space_trafo = ActiveSpaceTransformer( num_electrons=problem.num_particles, num_spatial_orbitals=3 ) # transform the electronic structure problem problem = active_space_trafo.transform(problem) # construct the parity mapper with 2-qubit reduction qubit_mapper = ParityMapper(num_particles=problem.num_particles) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import NumPyMinimumEigensolver from qiskit_nature.second_q.algorithms.ground_state_solvers import GroundStateEigensolver np_solver = NumPyMinimumEigensolver() np_groundstate_solver = GroundStateEigensolver(qubit_mapper, np_solver) np_result = np_groundstate_solver.solve(problem) target_energy = np_result.total_energies[0] print(np_result) from qiskit.circuit.library import EfficientSU2 ansatz = EfficientSU2(num_qubits=4, reps=1, entanglement="linear", insert_barriers=True) ansatz.decompose().draw("mpl", style="iqx") import numpy as np from qiskit.utils import algorithm_globals # fix random seeds for reproducibility np.random.seed(5) algorithm_globals.random_seed = 5 from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import SPSA optimizer = SPSA(maxiter=100) initial_point = np.random.random(ansatz.num_parameters) from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import VQE from qiskit.primitives import Estimator estimator = Estimator() local_vqe = VQE( estimator, ansatz, optimizer, initial_point=initial_point, ) local_vqe_groundstate_solver = GroundStateEigensolver(qubit_mapper, local_vqe) local_vqe_result = local_vqe_groundstate_solver.solve(problem) print(local_vqe_result) from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(group="open") # replace by your runtime provider backend = provider.get_backend("ibmq_qasm_simulator") # select a backend that supports the runtime from qiskit_nature.runtime import VQEClient runtime_vqe = VQEClient( ansatz=ansatz, optimizer=optimizer, initial_point=initial_point, provider=provider, backend=backend, shots=1024, measurement_error_mitigation=True, ) # use a complete measurement fitter for error mitigation runtime_vqe_groundstate_solver = GroundStateEigensolver(qubit_mapper, runtime_vqe) runtime_vqe_result = runtime_vqe_groundstate_solver.solve(problem) print(runtime_vqe_result) runtime_result = runtime_vqe_result.raw_result history = runtime_result.optimizer_history loss = history["energy"] import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.rcParams["font.size"] = 14 # plot loss and reference value plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6)) plt.plot(loss + runtime_vqe_result.nuclear_repulsion_energy, label="Runtime VQE") plt.axhline(y=target_energy + 0.2, color="tab:red", ls=":", label="Target + 200mH") plt.axhline(y=target_energy, color="tab:red", ls="--", label="Target") plt.legend(loc="best") plt.xlabel("Iteration") plt.ylabel("Energy [H]") plt.title("VQE energy"); import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/Qiskit/feedback
Qiskit
from qiskit.primitives import Estimator from qiskit.algorithms.gradients import ParamShiftEstimatorGradient estimator = Estimator() ps = ParamShiftEstimatorGradient(estimator) from qiskit.circuit.library import EfficientSU2 from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp def ising_hamiltonian(num_qubits): return SparsePauliOp.from_sparse_list( [("ZZ", [i, i + 1], 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)] + [("X", [i], -1) for i in range(num_qubits)], num_qubits=num_qubits ) num_qubits = 3 hamiltonian = ising_hamiltonian(num_qubits) print(hamiltonian) circuit = EfficientSU2(num_qubits, reps=1).decompose() print(circuit.draw()) import numpy as np values = np.random.random(circuit.num_parameters) gradient = ps.run([circuit], [hamiltonian], [values]).result() print(gradient.gradients[0]) from qiskit.algorithms.gradients import ReverseEstimatorGradient reverse = ReverseEstimatorGradient() # classical calculation, not primitive-based! gradient = reverse.run([circuit], [hamiltonian], [values]).result() print(gradient.gradients[0]) import time import numpy as np from qiskit.circuit.library import EfficientSU2 def time_gradients(num_layers, gradient, num_qubits=5, averages=5): circuit = EfficientSU2(num_qubits, reps=num_layers).decompose() hamiltonian = ising_hamiltonian(num_qubits) values = np.linspace(1, 2, num=circuit.num_parameters) timings = [] for _ in range(averages): start = time.time() __ = gradient.run([circuit], [hamiltonian], [values]).result() timings.append(time.time() - start) return np.mean(timings), np.std(timings) layers = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] num_qubits = 5 ps_times = np.array([time_gradients(num_layers, ps) for num_layers in layers]) rev_times = np.array([time_gradients(num_layers, reverse) for num_layers in layers]) import matplotlib.pyplot as plt num_parameters = (np.array(layers) + 1) * 2 * num_qubits plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6)) plt.plot(num_parameters, ps_times[:, 0], color="royalblue", label="circuit-based") plt.fill_between(num_parameters, ps_times[:, 0] - ps_times[:, 1], ps_times[:, 0] + ps_times[:, 1], color="royalblue", alpha=0.2) plt.plot(num_parameters, rev_times[:, 0], color="seagreen", label="reverse") plt.fill_between(num_parameters, rev_times[:, 0] - rev_times[:, 1], rev_times[:, 0] + rev_times[:, 1], color="seagreen", alpha=0.2) plt.title("Gradient benchmark") plt.xlabel("number of parameters") plt.ylabel("runtime in seconds"); from qiskit.algorithms.minimum_eigensolvers import VQE from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import GradientDescent from qiskit.algorithms.time_evolvers.variational import RealMcLachlanPrinciple def time_vqe(num_layers, gradient, num_qubits=4): circuit = EfficientSU2(num_qubits, reps=num_layers).decompose() hamiltonian = ising_hamiltonian(num_qubits) optimizer = GradientDescent(maxiter=100) initial_point = np.zeros(circuit.num_parameters) vqe = VQE(estimator, circuit, optimizer, gradient=gradient, initial_point=initial_point) start = time.time() _ = vqe.compute_minimum_eigenvalue(hamiltonian) took = time.time() - start print("done in", took) return took num_qubits = 4 layers = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12] num_parameters = (np.array(layers) + 1) * 2 * num_qubits vqe_ps_times = np.array([time_vqe(num_layers, ps) for num_layers in layers]) # vqe_ps_times = np.load("vqe_ps_times.npy") vqe_rev_times = np.array([time_vqe(num_layers, reverse) for num_layers in layers]) # vqe_rev_times = np.load("vqe_rev_times.npy") plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6)) plt.plot(num_parameters, vqe_ps_times / 60, color="royalblue", marker="o", label="circuit-based") plt.plot(num_parameters, vqe_rev_times / 60, color="seagreen", marker="v", label="reverse") plt.legend(loc="best") plt.title("VQE with 100 steps") plt.xlabel("number of parameters") plt.ylabel("time in minutes"); from qiskit.algorithms.gradients import ReverseQGT from qiskit.algorithms.time_evolvers import VarQRTE, TimeEvolutionProblem from qiskit.algorithms.time_evolvers.variational import RealMcLachlanPrinciple def time_varqte(num_layers, estimator, gradient, qgt, num_qubits=5, averages=1): circuit = EfficientSU2(num_qubits, reps=num_layers).decompose() hamiltonian = ising_hamiltonian(num_qubits) problem = TimeEvolutionProblem(hamiltonian, time=1)#, aux_operators=[hamiltonian]) principle = RealMcLachlanPrinciple(qgt, gradient) initial_values = np.zeros(circuit.num_parameters) varqte = VarQRTE(circuit, initial_values, principle, estimator=estimator, num_timesteps=100) start = time.time() _ = varqte.evolve(problem) took = time.time() - start print("done in", took) return took from qiskit.algorithms.gradients import LinCombEstimatorGradient, LinCombQGT num_qubits = 4 layers = [2, 4, 6, 8] num_parameters = (np.array(layers) + 1) * 2 * num_qubits lcu_qgt = LinCombQGT(estimator) lcu = LinCombEstimatorGradient(estimator) # varqte_times = np.array([time_varqte(num_layers, estimator, lcu, lcu_qgt) for num_layers in layers]) varqte_times = np.load("varqte_times.npy") rev_qgt = ReverseQGT() # revqte_times = np.array([time_varqte(num_layers, estimator, reverse, rev_qgt) for num_layers in layers]) revqte_times = np.load("revqte_times.npy") plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6)) plt.plot(num_parameters[:len(varqte_times)], varqte_times / 60, color="royalblue", marker="o", label="circuit-based") plt.plot(num_parameters, revqte_times / 60, color="seagreen", marker="v", label="reverse") plt.legend(loc="best") plt.title("VarQTE with 100 timesteps") plt.xlabel("number of parameters") plt.ylabel("time in minutes");
https://github.com/mcoggins96/Quantum-Computing-UK-Repository
mcoggins96
print('\nGrovers Algorithm') print('------------------\n') from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute,IBMQ import math IBMQ.enable_account('Enter API token') provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') pi = math.pi q = QuantumRegister(4,'q') c = ClassicalRegister(4,'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(q,c) print('\nInitialising Circuit...\n') ### Initialisation ### qc.h(q[0]) qc.h(q[1]) qc.h(q[2]) qc.h(q[3]) print('\nPreparing Oracle circuit....\n') ### 0000 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ### 0001 Oracle ### qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0010 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0011 Oracle ### qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0100 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0101 Oracle ### qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0110 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 0111 Oracle ### qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 1000 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) ''' ''' ### 1001 Oracle ### qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) ''' ''' ### 1010 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[2]) ''' ''' ### 1011 Oracle ### qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[3]) ''' ''' ### 1100 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) ''' ''' ### 1101 Oracle ### qc.x(q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[1]) ''' ''' ### 1110 Oracle ### qc.x(q[0]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) ''' ''' ###1111 Oracle### qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) ''' print('\nPreparing Amplification circuit....\n') #### Amplification #### qc.h(q[0]) qc.h(q[1]) qc.h(q[2]) qc.h(q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[0], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[1], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[1], q[2]) qc.cu1(-pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.cx(q[0], q[2]) qc.cu1(pi/4, q[2], q[3]) qc.x(q[0]) qc.x(q[1]) qc.x(q[2]) qc.x(q[3]) qc.h(q[0]) qc.h(q[1]) qc.h(q[2]) qc.h(q[3]) ### Measurment ### qc.barrier(q) qc.measure(q[0], c[0]) qc.measure(q[1], c[1]) qc.measure(q[2], c[2]) qc.measure(q[3], c[3]) backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_qasm_simulator') print('\nExecuting job....\n') job = execute(qc, backend, shots=100) result = job.result() counts = result.get_counts(qc) print('RESULT: ',counts,'\n') print('Press any key to close') input()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile, schedule from qiskit.visualization.timeline import draw from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeBoeblingen qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc = transpile(qc, FakeBoeblingen(), scheduling_method='alap', layout_method='trivial') draw(qc)
https://github.com/klebermagno/Quantum-Algorithm
klebermagno
from qiskit import ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute q = QuantumRegister(2) c = ClassicalRegister(2) qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) qc.h(q[0]) qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) qc.measure(q, c) job_sim = execute(qc, "local_qasm_simulator") sim_result = job_sim.result() print(sim_result.get_counts(qc))
https://github.com/jdanielescanez/quantum-solver
jdanielescanez
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from QCLG_lvl3.oracles.secret_number_oracle import SecretNUmberOracle class BernsteinVazirani: @classmethod def bernstein_vazirani(cls, random_binary, eval_mode: bool) -> QuantumCircuit: # Construct secret number oracle secret_number_oracle = SecretNUmberOracle.create_secret_number_oracle(random_binary=random_binary, eval_mode=eval_mode) num_of_qubits = secret_number_oracle.num_qubits # Construct circuit according to the length of the number dj_circuit = QuantumCircuit(num_of_qubits, num_of_qubits - 1) dj_circuit_before_oracle = QuantumCircuit(num_of_qubits, num_of_qubits - 1) # Apply H-gates for qubit in range(num_of_qubits - 1): dj_circuit_before_oracle.h(qubit) # Put output qubit in state |-> dj_circuit_before_oracle.x(num_of_qubits - 1) dj_circuit_before_oracle.h(num_of_qubits - 1) dj_circuit += dj_circuit_before_oracle # Add oracle dj_circuit += secret_number_oracle dj_circuit_after_oracle = QuantumCircuit(num_of_qubits, num_of_qubits - 1) # Repeat H-gates for qubit in range(num_of_qubits - 1): dj_circuit_after_oracle.h(qubit) dj_circuit_after_oracle.barrier() # Measure for i in range(num_of_qubits - 1): dj_circuit_after_oracle.measure(i, i) dj_circuit += dj_circuit_after_oracle if not eval_mode: print("Circuit before the oracle\n") print(QuantumCircuit.draw(dj_circuit_before_oracle)) print("Circuit after the oracle\n") print(QuantumCircuit.draw(dj_circuit_after_oracle)) print(dj_circuit) return dj_circuit
https://github.com/sergiogh/qpirates-qiskit-notebooks
sergiogh
import numpy as np from qiskit import IBMQ, QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_state_city from qiskit import Aer, IBMQ def increment_gate(qc, q, qcoin): qc.ccx(qcoin, q[0], q[1]) qc.cx(qcoin, q[0]) return qc def decrement_gate(qc, q, qcoin): qc.x(q) qc.x(qcoin) increment_gate(qc, q, qcoin) qc.x(qcoin) qc.x(q) return qc n = 2 qnodes = QuantumRegister(n,'qc') qcoin = QuantumRegister(1,'qcoin') cnodes = ClassicalRegister(n,'cr') qc = QuantumCircuit(qnodes, qcoin, cnodes) # Apply Coin qc.h(qcoin[0]) # Initial state qc.x(0) increment_gate(qc, qnodes, qcoin) decrement_gate(qc, qnodes, qcoin) qc.measure(qnodes, cnodes) qc.draw('mpl') # Single Shot, just to test! import matplotlib as mpl backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") result = execute(qc, backend=backend).result() plot_histogram(result.get_counts()) # Here goes the magic n = 2 qnodes = QuantumRegister(n,'qc') qcoin = QuantumRegister(1,'qcoin') cnodes = ClassicalRegister(n,'cr') qc = QuantumCircuit(qnodes, qcoin, cnodes) steps = 51 def runQWC(qc, steps): for i in range(steps): qc.h(qcoin[0]) increment_gate(qc, qnodes, qcoin) decrement_gate(qc, qnodes, qcoin) qc.measure(qnodes, cnodes) return qc qc = runQWC(qc, steps) backend = Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") result = execute(qc, backend=backend).result() plot_histogram(result.get_counts())
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.algorithms import IterativeAmplitudeEstimation, EstimationProblem from qiskit_aer.primitives import Sampler from qiskit_finance.circuit.library import NormalDistribution # can be used in case a principal component analysis has been done to derive the uncertainty model, ignored in this example. A = np.eye(2) b = np.zeros(2) # specify the number of qubits that are used to represent the different dimenions of the uncertainty model num_qubits = [2, 2] # specify the lower and upper bounds for the different dimension low = [0, 0] high = [0.12, 0.24] mu = [0.12, 0.24] sigma = 0.01 * np.eye(2) # construct corresponding distribution bounds = list(zip(low, high)) u = NormalDistribution(num_qubits, mu, sigma, bounds) # plot contour of probability density function x = np.linspace(low[0], high[0], 2 ** num_qubits[0]) y = np.linspace(low[1], high[1], 2 ** num_qubits[1]) z = u.probabilities.reshape(2 ** num_qubits[0], 2 ** num_qubits[1]) plt.contourf(x, y, z) plt.xticks(x, size=15) plt.yticks(y, size=15) plt.grid() plt.xlabel("$r_1$ (%)", size=15) plt.ylabel("$r_2$ (%)", size=15) plt.colorbar() plt.show() # specify cash flow cf = [1.0, 2.0] periods = range(1, len(cf) + 1) # plot cash flow plt.bar(periods, cf) plt.xticks(periods, size=15) plt.yticks(size=15) plt.grid() plt.xlabel("periods", size=15) plt.ylabel("cashflow ($)", size=15) plt.show() # estimate real value cnt = 0 exact_value = 0.0 for x1 in np.linspace(low[0], high[0], pow(2, num_qubits[0])): for x2 in np.linspace(low[1], high[1], pow(2, num_qubits[1])): prob = u.probabilities[cnt] for t in range(len(cf)): # evaluate linear approximation of real value w.r.t. interest rates exact_value += prob * ( cf[t] / pow(1 + b[t], t + 1) - (t + 1) * cf[t] * np.dot(A[:, t], np.asarray([x1, x2])) / pow(1 + b[t], t + 2) ) cnt += 1 print("Exact value: \t%.4f" % exact_value) # specify approximation factor c_approx = 0.125 # create fixed income pricing application from qiskit_finance.applications.estimation import FixedIncomePricing fixed_income = FixedIncomePricing( num_qubits=num_qubits, pca_matrix=A, initial_interests=b, cash_flow=cf, rescaling_factor=c_approx, bounds=bounds, uncertainty_model=u, ) fixed_income._objective.draw() fixed_income_circ = QuantumCircuit(fixed_income._objective.num_qubits) # load probability distribution fixed_income_circ.append(u, range(u.num_qubits)) # apply function fixed_income_circ.append(fixed_income._objective, range(fixed_income._objective.num_qubits)) fixed_income_circ.draw() # set target precision and confidence level epsilon = 0.01 alpha = 0.05 # construct amplitude estimation problem = fixed_income.to_estimation_problem() ae = IterativeAmplitudeEstimation( epsilon_target=epsilon, alpha=alpha, sampler=Sampler(run_options={"shots": 100}) ) result = ae.estimate(problem) conf_int = np.array(result.confidence_interval_processed) print("Exact value: \t%.4f" % exact_value) print("Estimated value: \t%.4f" % (fixed_income.interpret(result))) print("Confidence interval:\t[%.4f, %.4f]" % tuple(conf_int)) import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/hamburgerguy/Quantum-Algorithm-Implementations
hamburgerguy
"""The following is python code utilizing the qiskit library that can be run on extant quantum hardware using 5 qubits for factoring the integer 15 into 3 and 5. Using period finding, for a^r mod N = 1, where a = 11 and N = 15 (the integer to be factored) the problem is to find r values for this identity such that one can find the prime factors of N. For 11^r mod(15) =1, results (as shown in fig 1.) correspond with period r = 4 (|00100>) and r = 0 (|00000>). To find the factor, use the equivalence a^r mod 15. From this: (a^r -1) mod 15 = (a^(r/2) + 1)(a^(r/2) - 1) mod 15.In this case, a = 11. Plugging in the two r values for this a value yields (11^(0/2) +1)(11^(4/2) - 1) mod 15 = 2*(11 +1)(11-1) mod 15 Thus, we find (24)(20) mod 15. By finding the greatest common factor between the two coefficients, gcd(24,15) and gcd(20,15), yields 3 and 5 respectively. These are the prime factors of 15, so the result of running shors algorithm to find the prime factors of an integer using quantum hardware are demonstrated. Note, this is not the same as the technical implementation of shor's algorithm described in this section for breaking the discrete log hardness assumption, though the proof of concept remains.""" # Import libraries from qiskit.compiler import transpile, assemble from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * from qiskit.visualization import * from numpy import pi from qiskit import IBMQ, Aer, QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram # Initialize qubit registers qreg_q = QuantumRegister(5, 'q') creg_c = ClassicalRegister(5, 'c') circuit = QuantumCircuit(qreg_q, creg_c) circuit.reset(qreg_q[0]) circuit.reset(qreg_q[1]) circuit.reset(qreg_q[2]) circuit.reset(qreg_q[3]) circuit.reset(qreg_q[4]) # Apply Hadamard transformations to qubit registers circuit.h(qreg_q[0]) circuit.h(qreg_q[1]) circuit.h(qreg_q[2]) # Apply first QFT, modular exponentiation, and another QFT circuit.h(qreg_q[1]) circuit.cx(qreg_q[2], qreg_q[3]) circuit.crx(pi/2, qreg_q[0], qreg_q[1]) circuit.ccx(qreg_q[2], qreg_q[3], qreg_q[4]) circuit.h(qreg_q[0]) circuit.rx(pi/2, qreg_q[2]) circuit.crx(pi/2, qreg_q[1], qreg_q[2]) circuit.crx(pi/2, qreg_q[1], qreg_q[2]) circuit.cx(qreg_q[0], qreg_q[1]) # Measure the qubit registers 0-2 circuit.measure(qreg_q[2], creg_c[2]) circuit.measure(qreg_q[1], creg_c[1]) circuit.measure(qreg_q[0], creg_c[0]) # Get least busy quantum hardware backend to run on provider = IBMQ.load_account() device = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits >= 3 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("Running on current least busy device: ", device) # Run the circuit on available quantum hardware and plot histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor job = execute(circuit, backend=device, shots=1024, optimization_level=3) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts(circuit) plot_histogram(answer) #largest amplitude results correspond with r values used to find the prime factor of N.
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile from qiskit.visualization import plot_circuit_layout from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeVigo backend = FakeVigo() ghz = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) ghz.h(0) ghz.cx(0,range(1,3)) ghz.barrier() ghz.measure(range(3), range(3)) ghz.draw(output='mpl')
https://github.com/iqm-finland/qiskit-on-iqm
iqm-finland
# Copyright 2023 Qiskit on IQM developers # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """This file is an example of using Qiskit on IQM to execute a simple but non-trivial quantum circuit on an IQM quantum computer. See the Qiskit on IQM user guide for instructions: https://iqm-finland.github.io/qiskit-on-iqm/user_guide.html """ import argparse from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute from iqm.qiskit_iqm.iqm_provider import IQMProvider def bell_measure(server_url: str) -> dict[str, int]: """Execute a circuit that prepares and measures a Bell state. Args: server_url: URL of the IQM Cortex server used for execution Returns: a mapping of bitstrings representing qubit measurement results to counts for each result """ circuit = QuantumCircuit(2) circuit.h(0) circuit.cx(0, 1) circuit.measure_all() return execute(circuit, IQMProvider(server_url).get_backend(), shots=1000).result().get_counts() if __name__ == '__main__': argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser() argparser.add_argument( '--cortex_server_url', help='URL of the IQM Cortex server', default='https://demo.qc.iqm.fi/cocos', ) print(bell_measure(argparser.parse_args().cortex_server_url))
https://github.com/swe-train/qiskit__qiskit
swe-train
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2019. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Isometry tests.""" import unittest import numpy as np from ddt import ddt, data from qiskit.quantum_info.random import random_unitary from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit import QuantumRegister from qiskit import execute from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit.compiler import transpile from qiskit.quantum_info import Operator from qiskit.extensions.quantum_initializer.isometry import Isometry @ddt class TestIsometry(QiskitTestCase): """Qiskit isometry tests.""" @data( np.eye(2, 2), random_unitary(2, seed=868540).data, np.eye(4, 4), random_unitary(4, seed=16785).data[:, 0], np.eye(4, 4)[:, 0:2], random_unitary(4, seed=660477).data, np.eye(4, 4)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=719010).permutation(4)][:, 0:2], np.eye(8, 8)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=544326).permutation(8)], random_unitary(8, seed=247924).data[:, 0:4], random_unitary(8, seed=765720).data, random_unitary(16, seed=278663).data, random_unitary(16, seed=406498).data[:, 0:8], ) def test_isometry(self, iso): """Tests for the decomposition of isometries from m to n qubits""" if len(iso.shape) == 1: iso = iso.reshape((len(iso), 1)) num_q_output = int(np.log2(iso.shape[0])) num_q_input = int(np.log2(iso.shape[1])) q = QuantumRegister(num_q_output) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.isometry(iso, q[:num_q_input], q[num_q_input:]) # Verify the circuit can be decomposed self.assertIsInstance(qc.decompose(), QuantumCircuit) # Decompose the gate qc = transpile(qc, basis_gates=["u1", "u3", "u2", "cx", "id"]) # Simulate the decomposed gate simulator = BasicAer.get_backend("unitary_simulator") result = execute(qc, simulator).result() unitary = result.get_unitary(qc) iso_from_circuit = unitary[::, 0 : 2**num_q_input] iso_desired = iso self.assertTrue(np.allclose(iso_from_circuit, iso_desired)) @data( np.eye(2, 2), random_unitary(2, seed=99506).data, np.eye(4, 4), random_unitary(4, seed=673459).data[:, 0], np.eye(4, 4)[:, 0:2], random_unitary(4, seed=124090).data, np.eye(4, 4)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=889848).permutation(4)][:, 0:2], np.eye(8, 8)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=94795).permutation(8)], random_unitary(8, seed=986292).data[:, 0:4], random_unitary(8, seed=632121).data, random_unitary(16, seed=623107).data, random_unitary(16, seed=889326).data[:, 0:8], ) def test_isometry_tolerance(self, iso): """Tests for the decomposition of isometries from m to n qubits with a custom tolerance""" if len(iso.shape) == 1: iso = iso.reshape((len(iso), 1)) num_q_output = int(np.log2(iso.shape[0])) num_q_input = int(np.log2(iso.shape[1])) q = QuantumRegister(num_q_output) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) # Compute isometry with custom tolerance qc.isometry(iso, q[:num_q_input], q[num_q_input:], epsilon=1e-3) # Verify the circuit can be decomposed self.assertIsInstance(qc.decompose(), QuantumCircuit) # Decompose the gate qc = transpile(qc, basis_gates=["u1", "u3", "u2", "cx", "id"]) # Simulate the decomposed gate simulator = BasicAer.get_backend("unitary_simulator") result = execute(qc, simulator).result() unitary = result.get_unitary(qc) iso_from_circuit = unitary[::, 0 : 2**num_q_input] self.assertTrue(np.allclose(iso_from_circuit, iso)) @data( np.eye(2, 2), random_unitary(2, seed=272225).data, np.eye(4, 4), random_unitary(4, seed=592640).data[:, 0], np.eye(4, 4)[:, 0:2], random_unitary(4, seed=714210).data, np.eye(4, 4)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=719934).permutation(4)][:, 0:2], np.eye(8, 8)[:, np.random.RandomState(seed=284469).permutation(8)], random_unitary(8, seed=656745).data[:, 0:4], random_unitary(8, seed=583813).data, random_unitary(16, seed=101363).data, random_unitary(16, seed=583429).data[:, 0:8], ) def test_isometry_inverse(self, iso): """Tests for the inverse of isometries from m to n qubits""" if len(iso.shape) == 1: iso = iso.reshape((len(iso), 1)) num_q_output = int(np.log2(iso.shape[0])) q = QuantumRegister(num_q_output) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.append(Isometry(iso, 0, 0), q) qc.append(Isometry(iso, 0, 0).inverse(), q) result = Operator(qc) np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(result.data, np.identity(result.dim[0])) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/anpaschool/quantum-computing
anpaschool
from qiskit import * from math import pi import numpy as np from qiskit.visualization import * import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from qutip import * qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend) result = job.result() print(result.get_unitary(qc, decimals=3)) H = np.array([[ 0.707+0.j, 0.707-0.j],[ 0.707+0.j, -0.707+0.j]]) I = np.eye(2) np.kron(I,H) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(1) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend) result = job.result() print(result.get_unitary(qc, decimals=3)) H = np.array([[ 0.707+0.j, 0.707-0.j],[ 0.707+0.j, -0.707+0.j]]) I = np.eye(2) np.kron(H,I) q = QuantumRegister(2) qc = QuantumCircuit(q) qc.h(0) qc.h(1) qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend) result = job.result() print(result.get_unitary(qc, decimals=3)) H = np.array([[ 0.707+0.j, 0.707-0.j],[ 0.707+0.j, -0.707+0.j]]) np.kron(H,H) qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.barrier() qc0 = qc.copy() qc.h(0) qc.x(1) qc.barrier() qc1 = qc.copy() qc.y(0) qc.h(1) qc.barrier() qc2 = qc.copy() qc.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') job = execute(qc, backend) result = job.result() print(result.get_unitary(qc, decimals=3)) H = np.array([[ 0.707+0.j, 0.707-0.j],[ 0.707+0.j, -0.707+0.j]]) X = sigmax() Y = sigmay() XKH = np.kron(X,H) HKY = np.kron(H,Y) np.dot(HKY,XKH) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') qc_vec = [] for qc in [qc0,qc1,qc2]: out = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() qc_vec.append(out) print(out) qca = QuantumCircuit(1) qca.barrier() qca0 = qca.copy() qca.h(0) qca.barrier() qca1 = qca.copy() qca.y(0) qca.barrier() qca2 = qca.copy() qca.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') qca_vec = [] for qc in [qca0,qca1,qca2]: out = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() qca_vec.append(out) print(out) qcb = QuantumCircuit(1) qcb.barrier() qcb0 = qcb.copy() qcb.x(0) qcb.barrier() qcb1 = qcb.copy() qcb.h(0) qcb.barrier() qcb2 = qcb.copy() qcb.draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') qcb_vec = [] for qc in [qcb0,qcb1,qcb2]: out = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() qcb_vec.append(out) print(out) for qcv,qcav,qcbv in zip(qc_vec,qca_vec,qcb_vec): print(qcv,"|", np.kron(qcbv,qcav))
https://github.com/jwalaQ/my-qiskit-textbook-solutions
jwalaQ
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit,Aer,execute from qiskit.circuit import Gate from math import pi,sqrt qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.x(0) qc.h([0,1]) qc.barrier() qc.h([0,1]) qc.cx(0,1) qc.cx(1,0) qc.cx(0,1) qc.h([0,1]) qc.draw('mpl') backend_s = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') job = execute(qc,backend_s).result() sv = job.get_statevector() from qiskit_textbook.tools import array_to_latex array_to_latex(sv) import qiskit qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/alejomonbar/Quantum-Supply-Chain-Manager
alejomonbar
# !pip install --upgrade pip # !pip uninstall tensorflow --y # !pip install tensorflow import os os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '2' os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = '-1' # load csv file import pandas as pd # numpy to the seed import numpy as np # load csv fileframework to neural networks import tensorflow as tf #Method forthe neural network from keras.regularizers import l2 from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout #save as image the model summary from keras.utils.vis_utils import plot_model # librariesto plot import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import seaborn as sns from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix, roc_curve, auc from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler # demonstration of calculating metrics for a neural network model using sklearn from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score from sklearn.metrics import precision_score from sklearn.metrics import recall_score from sklearn.metrics import f1_score from sklearn.metrics import cohen_kappa_score from sklearn.metrics import roc_auc_score import warnings warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DeprecationWarning) data_train = pd.read_csv("fair_train.csv") X_train,y_train = data_train[data_train.columns[:16]].values, data_train[data_train.columns[16]].values data_test = pd.read_csv("classic_test.csv") X_test,y_test = data_test[data_test.columns[:16]].values, data_test[data_test.columns[16]].values (X_train.shape, y_train.shape),(X_test.shape, y_test.shape) np.random.seed(123) tf.random.set_seed(123) scale = StandardScaler() scale.fit(X_train) X_train_std = scale.transform(X_train) X_test_std = scale.transform(X_test) X_train_std[1], y_train[1] model = Sequential() model.add(Dense(25, input_dim=16, activation='relu', kernel_regularizer=l2(1e-6),kernel_initializer="glorot_normal")) model.add(Dropout(0.5)) model.add(Dense(8, activation='relu',kernel_regularizer=l2(1e-6), kernel_initializer="glorot_normal")) model.add(Dropout(0.5)) model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid',kernel_regularizer=l2(1e-6), kernel_initializer="glorot_normal")) plot_model(model, to_file='model_plot.png', show_shapes=True, show_layer_names=True) # Compile model auc = tf.keras.metrics.AUC() model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer="Adam", metrics=['accuracy',auc]) model_history = model.fit(X_train_std, y_train, epochs=100, batch_size=32, validation_split=0.2, shuffle=True) train_pred = model.predict(X_train_std) test_pred = model.predict(X_test_std) y_train_pred = (model.predict(X_train_std) > 0.5).astype("int32") y_test_pred = (model.predict(X_test_std) > 0.5).astype("int32") accuracy = accuracy_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('Accuracy: %f' % accuracy) # precision tp / (tp + fp) precision = precision_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('Precision: %f' % precision) # recall: tp / (tp + fn) recall = recall_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('Recall: %f' % recall) # f1: 2 tp / (2 tp + fp + fn) f1 = f1_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('F1 score: %f' % f1) # kappa kappa = cohen_kappa_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('Cohens kappa: %f' % kappa) # ROC AUC auc = roc_auc_score(y_train, y_train_pred) print('ROC AUC: %f' % auc) # confusion matrix train_matrix = confusion_matrix(y_train, y_train_pred) print(train_matrix) ax = sns.heatmap(train_matrix, annot=True, cmap='Blues', fmt='g') ax.set_title('Seaborn Confusion Matrix with labels\n\n'); ax.set_xlabel('\nPredicted Values') ax.set_ylabel('Actual Values '); ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels(['0','1']) ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels(['0','1']) ## Display the visualization of the Confusion Matrix. plt.show() accuracy = accuracy_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('Accuracy: %f' % accuracy) # precision tp / (tp + fp) precision = precision_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('Precision: %f' % precision) # recall: tp / (tp + fn) recall = recall_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('Recall: %f' % recall) # f1: 2 tp / (2 tp + fp + fn) f1 = f1_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('F1 score: %f' % f1) # kappa kappa = cohen_kappa_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('Cohens kappa: %f' % kappa) # ROC AUC auc = roc_auc_score(y_test, y_test_pred) print('ROC AUC: %f' % auc) # confusion matrix test_matrix = confusion_matrix(y_test, y_test_pred) print(test_matrix) ax = sns.heatmap(test_matrix, annot=True, cmap='Blues', fmt='g') ax.set_title('Seaborn Confusion Matrix with labels\n\n'); ax.set_xlabel('\nPredicted Values') ax.set_ylabel('Actual Values '); ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels(['0','1']) ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels(['0','1']) ## Display the visualization of the Confusion Matrix. plt.show()
https://github.com/shesha-raghunathan/DATE2019-qiskit-tutorial
shesha-raghunathan
import numpy as np import pylab from qiskit_chemistry import QiskitChemistry # Input dictionary to configure Qiskit Chemistry for the chemistry problem. qiskit_chemistry_dict = { 'driver': {'name': 'PYSCF'}, 'PYSCF': {'atom': '', 'basis': 'sto3g'}, 'operator': {'name': 'hamiltonian', 'qubit_mapping': 'parity', 'two_qubit_reduction': True, 'freeze_core': True, 'orbital_reduction': []}, 'algorithm': {'name': 'ExactEigensolver'} } molecule = 'H .0 .0 -{0}; Be .0 .0 .0; H .0 .0 {0}' reductions = [[], [-2, -1], [-3, -2], [-4, -3], [-1], [-2], [-3], [-4]] pts = [x * 0.1 for x in range(6, 20)] pts += [x * 0.25 for x in range(8, 16)] pts += [4.0] energies = np.empty([len(reductions), len(pts)]) distances = np.empty(len(pts)) print('Processing step __', end='') for i, d in enumerate(pts): print('\b\b{:2d}'.format(i), end='', flush=True) qiskit_chemistry_dict['PYSCF']['atom'] = molecule.format(d) for j in range(len(reductions)): qiskit_chemistry_dict['operator']['orbital_reduction'] = reductions[j] solver = QiskitChemistry() result = solver.run(qiskit_chemistry_dict) energies[j][i] = result['energy'] distances[i] = d print(' --- complete') print('Distances: ', distances) print('Energies:', energies) pylab.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (12, 8) for j in range(len(reductions)): pylab.plot(distances, energies[j], label=reductions[j]) pylab.xlabel('Interatomic distance') pylab.ylabel('Energy') pylab.title('BeH2 Ground State Energy') pylab.legend(loc='upper right') pylab.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (12, 8) for j in range(len(reductions)): pylab.plot(distances, np.subtract(energies[j], energies[0]), label=reductions[j]) pylab.xlabel('Interatomic distance') pylab.ylabel('Energy') pylab.title('Energy difference compared to no reduction []') pylab.legend(loc='upper left') pylab.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (6, 4) for j in range(1, len(reductions)): pylab.plot(distances, np.subtract(energies[j], energies[0]), color=[1.0, 0.6, 0.2], label=reductions[j]) pylab.ylim(0, 0.4) pylab.xlabel('Interatomic distance') pylab.ylabel('Energy') pylab.title('Energy difference compared to no reduction []') pylab.legend(loc='upper left') pylab.show() e_nofreeze = np.empty(len(pts)) qiskit_chemistry_dict['operator']['orbital_reduction'] = [] qiskit_chemistry_dict['operator']['freeze_core'] = False for i, d in enumerate(pts): print('\b\b{:2d}'.format(i), end='', flush=True) qiskit_chemistry_dict['PYSCF']['atom'] = molecule.format(d) solver = QiskitChemistry() result = solver.run(qiskit_chemistry_dict) e_nofreeze[i] = result['energy'] print(e_nofreeze) pylab.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (8, 6) pylab.plot(distances, energies[0], label='Freeze Core: True') pylab.plot(distances, e_nofreeze, label='Freeze Core: False') pylab.xlabel('Interatomic distance') pylab.ylabel('Energy') pylab.title('Energy difference, no reduction [], freeze core true/false') pylab.legend(loc='upper right') pylab.show() pylab.title('Energy difference of freeze core True from False') pylab.plot(distances, np.subtract(energies[0], e_nofreeze), label='Freeze Core: False') pylab.show()
https://github.com/indian-institute-of-science-qc/qiskit-aakash
indian-institute-of-science-qc
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2018. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Test the DenseLayout pass""" import unittest import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister from qiskit.circuit import Parameter, Qubit from qiskit.circuit.library import CXGate, UGate, ECRGate, RZGate from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap, Target, InstructionProperties, TranspilerError from qiskit.transpiler.passes import DenseLayout from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_dag from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeTokyo from qiskit.transpiler.passes.layout.dense_layout import _build_error_matrix class TestDenseLayout(QiskitTestCase): """Tests the DenseLayout pass""" def setUp(self): super().setUp() self.cmap20 = FakeTokyo().configuration().coupling_map self.target_19 = Target() rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) instruction_props = { edge: InstructionProperties( duration=rng.uniform(1e-7, 1e-6), error=rng.uniform(1e-4, 1e-3) ) for edge in CouplingMap.from_heavy_hex(3).get_edges() } self.target_19.add_instruction(CXGate(), instruction_props) def test_5q_circuit_20q_coupling(self): """Test finds dense 5q corner in 20q coupling map.""" qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = DenseLayout(CouplingMap(self.cmap20)) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[qr[0]], 11) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[1]], 10) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[2]], 6) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[3]], 5) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[4]], 0) def test_6q_circuit_20q_coupling(self): """Test finds dense 5q corner in 20q coupling map.""" qr0 = QuantumRegister(3, "q0") qr1 = QuantumRegister(3, "q1") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr0, qr1) circuit.cx(qr0[0], qr1[2]) circuit.cx(qr1[1], qr0[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = DenseLayout(CouplingMap(self.cmap20)) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[qr0[0]], 11) self.assertEqual(layout[qr0[1]], 10) self.assertEqual(layout[qr0[2]], 6) self.assertEqual(layout[qr1[0]], 5) self.assertEqual(layout[qr1[1]], 1) self.assertEqual(layout[qr1[2]], 0) def test_5q_circuit_19q_target_with_noise(self): """Test layout works finds a dense 5q subgraph in a 19q heavy hex target.""" qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = DenseLayout(target=self.target_19) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[qr[0]], 9) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[1]], 3) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[2]], 11) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[3]], 15) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[4]], 4) def test_5q_circuit_19q_target_without_noise(self): """Test layout works finds a dense 5q subgraph in a 19q heavy hex target with no noise.""" qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) instruction_props = {edge: None for edge in CouplingMap.from_heavy_hex(3).get_edges()} noiseless_target = Target() noiseless_target.add_instruction(CXGate(), instruction_props) pass_ = DenseLayout(target=noiseless_target) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[qr[0]], 1) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[1]], 13) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[2]], 0) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[3]], 9) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[4]], 3) def test_ideal_target_no_coupling(self): """Test pass fails as expected if a target without edge constraints exists.""" qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) target = Target(num_qubits=19) target.add_instruction(CXGate()) layout_pass = DenseLayout(target=target) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): layout_pass.run(dag) def test_target_too_small_for_circuit(self): """Test error is raised when target is too small for circuit.""" target = Target() target.add_instruction( CXGate(), {edge: None for edge in CouplingMap.from_line(3).get_edges()} ) dag = circuit_to_dag(QuantumCircuit(5)) layout_pass = DenseLayout(target=target) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): layout_pass.run(dag) def test_19q_target_with_noise_error_matrix(self): """Test the error matrix construction works for a just cx target.""" expected_error_mat = np.zeros((19, 19)) for qargs, props in self.target_19["cx"].items(): error = props.error expected_error_mat[qargs[0]][qargs[1]] = error error_mat = _build_error_matrix( self.target_19.num_qubits, {i: i for i in range(self.target_19.num_qubits)}, target=self.target_19, )[0] np.testing.assert_array_equal(expected_error_mat, error_mat) def test_multiple_gate_error_matrix(self): """Test error matrix ona small target with multiple gets on each qubit generates""" target = Target(num_qubits=3) phi = Parameter("phi") lam = Parameter("lam") theta = Parameter("theta") target.add_instruction( RZGate(phi), {(i,): InstructionProperties(duration=0, error=0) for i in range(3)} ) target.add_instruction( UGate(theta, phi, lam), {(i,): InstructionProperties(duration=1e-7, error=1e-2) for i in range(3)}, ) cx_props = { (0, 1): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), (0, 2): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), (1, 0): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), (1, 2): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), (2, 0): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), (2, 1): InstructionProperties(error=1e-3), } target.add_instruction(CXGate(), cx_props) ecr_props = { (0, 1): InstructionProperties(error=2e-2), (1, 2): InstructionProperties(error=2e-2), (2, 0): InstructionProperties(error=2e-2), } target.add_instruction(ECRGate(), ecr_props) expected_error_matrix = np.array( [ [1e-2, 2e-2, 1e-3], [1e-3, 1e-2, 2e-2], [2e-2, 1e-3, 1e-2], ] ) error_mat = _build_error_matrix( target.num_qubits, {i: i for i in range(target.num_qubits)}, target=target )[0] np.testing.assert_array_equal(expected_error_matrix, error_mat) def test_5q_circuit_20q_with_if_else(self): """Test layout works finds a dense 5q subgraph in a 19q heavy hex target.""" qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(5) circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) true_body.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) true_body.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) false_body.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) false_body.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) circuit.if_else((cr, 0), true_body, false_body, qr, cr) circuit.cx(0, 4) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = DenseLayout(CouplingMap(self.cmap20)) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[qr[0]], 11) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[1]], 10) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[2]], 6) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[3]], 5) self.assertEqual(layout[qr[4]], 0) def test_loose_bit_circuit(self): """Test dense layout works with loose bits outside a register.""" bits = [Qubit() for _ in range(5)] circuit = QuantumCircuit() circuit.add_bits(bits) circuit.h(3) circuit.cx(3, 4) circuit.cx(3, 2) circuit.cx(3, 0) circuit.cx(3, 1) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = DenseLayout(CouplingMap(self.cmap20)) pass_.run(dag) layout = pass_.property_set["layout"] self.assertEqual(layout[bits[0]], 11) self.assertEqual(layout[bits[1]], 10) self.assertEqual(layout[bits[2]], 6) self.assertEqual(layout[bits[3]], 5) self.assertEqual(layout[bits[4]], 0) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit top = QuantumCircuit(1) top.x(0); bottom = QuantumCircuit(2) bottom.cry(0.2, 0, 1); tensored = bottom.tensor(top) tensored.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/mathelatics/QGSS-2023-From-Theory-to-Implementations
mathelatics
# required imports: from qiskit.visualization import array_to_latex from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector, random_statevector from qiskit.quantum_info.operators import Operator, Pauli from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.circuit.library import HGate, CXGate import numpy as np ket0 = [[1],[0]] array_to_latex(ket0) bra0 = [1,0] array_to_latex(bra0) ket1 = [[0],[1]]# put your answer answer here for |1⟩ bra1 = [0,1]# put answer here for ⟨1| from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex1 grade_lab1_ex1([ket1, bra1]) sv_bra0 = Statevector(bra0) sv_bra0 sv_bra0.draw('latex') sv_eq = Statevector([1/2, 3/4, 4/5, 6/8]) sv_eq.draw('latex') sv_eq.is_valid() from math import sqrt sv_valid = Statevector([1/sqrt(2),1/sqrt(2)]) sv_valid.is_valid()# create your statevector here from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex2 grade_lab1_ex2(sv_valid) op_bra0 = Operator(bra0) op_bra0 op_ket0 = Operator(ket0) op_bra0.tensor(op_ket0) braket = np.dot(op_bra0,op_ket0) array_to_latex(braket) ketbra = np.outer(ket0,bra0) array_to_latex(ketbra) braket = np.dot(op_bra0,op_ket0) array_to_latex(braket) bra1ket0 = np.dot(bra1, ket0)# put your answer for ⟨1|0⟩ here bra0ket1 = np.dot(bra0, ket1) # put your answer for ⟨0|1⟩ here bra1ket1 = np.dot(bra1, ket1)# put your answer for ⟨1|1⟩ here ket1bra0 = np.outer(ket1, bra0)# put your answer for |1⟩⟨0| here ket0bra1 = np.outer(ket0, bra1)# put your answer for |0⟩⟨1| here ket1bra1 = np.outer(ket1, bra1)# put your answer for |1⟩⟨1| here from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex3 grade_lab1_ex3([bra1ket0, bra0ket1, bra1ket1, ket1bra0, ket0bra1, ket1bra1]) np.dot(bra1, ket0) # add or remove your answer from this list answer = ['a'] from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex4 grade_lab1_ex4(answer) m1 = Operator([[1,1],[0,0]]) array_to_latex(m1) m3 = Operator([[0,1],[1,0]]) array_to_latex(m3) array_to_latex(m1@ket0) m2 = Operator([[1, 0], [0, 1]]) # create an operator for m2 here m4 = Operator([[0, 0], [1, 1]])# create and operator for m4 here from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex5 grade_lab1_ex5([m2, m4]) cnot = CXGate() array_to_latex(cnot) m3.is_unitary() random = Operator(np.array([[ 0.50778085-0.44607116j, -0.1523741 +0.14128434j, 0.44607116+0.50778085j, -0.14128434-0.1523741j ], [ 0.16855994+0.12151822j, 0.55868196+0.38038841j, -0.12151822+0.16855994j, -0.38038841+0.55868196j], [ 0.50778085-0.44607116j, -0.1523741 +0.14128434j, -0.44607116-0.50778085j, 0.14128434+0.1523741j ], [ 0.16855994+0.12151822j, 0.55868196+0.38038841j, 0.12151822-0.16855994j, 0.38038841-0.55868196j]])) random.is_unitary() non_unitary_op = Operator(np.array([[1/2,9],[9/5,2]]))# create your operator here non_unitary_op.is_unitary() from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex6 grade_lab1_ex6(non_unitary_op) pauli_x = Pauli('X') array_to_latex(pauli_x) pauli_y = Pauli('Y') array_to_latex(pauli_y) pauli_z = Pauli('Z') array_to_latex(pauli_z) op_x = Operator(pauli_x) op_x op_new = np.dot(op_x,ket0) array_to_latex(op_new) result = np.dot(Operator(pauli_z), ket1)# do your operations here from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex7 grade_lab1_ex7(result) hadamard = HGate() array_to_latex(hadamard) hop = Operator(hadamard) hop.is_unitary() bell = QuantumCircuit(2) bell.h(0) # apply an H gate to the circuit bell.cx(0,1) # apply a CNOT gate to the circuit bell.draw(output="mpl") bell_op = Operator(bell) array_to_latex(bell_op) ghz = QuantumCircuit(3) ############################## # add gates to your circuit here ghz.h(0) ghz.cx(0,1) ghz.cx(1,2) ############################## ghz.draw(output='mpl') from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex8 grade_lab1_ex8(ghz) plus_state = Statevector.from_label("+") plus_state.draw('latex') plus_state plus_state.probabilities_dict() # run this cell multiple times to show collapsing into one state or the other res = plus_state.measure() res qc = QuantumCircuit(1,1) qc.h(0) qc.measure(0, 0) qc.draw(output="mpl") sv_bell = Statevector([np.sqrt(1/2), 0, 0, np.sqrt(1/2)]) sv_bell.draw('latex') sv_bell.probabilities_dict() sv_bell = Statevector([np.sqrt(1/2), 0, 0, - np.sqrt(1/2)]) sv_psi_plus = Statevector([1 / 2**0.5, 0, 0, 1 / 2**0.5])# create a statevector for |𝜓+⟩ here prob_psi_plus = sv_psi_plus.probabilities_dict() # find the measurement probabilities for |𝜓+⟩ here sv_psi_minus = Statevector([1 / 2**0.5, 0, 0, -1 / 2**0.5]) # create a statevector for |𝜓−⟩ here prob_psi_minus = sv_psi_minus.probabilities_dict()# find the measurement probabilities for |𝜓−⟩ here sv_phi_minus = Statevector([0, 1 / 2**0.5, -1 / 2**0.5, 0])# create a statevector for |𝜙−⟩ here prob_phi_minus = sv_phi_minus.probabilities_dict()# find the measurement probabilities for |𝜙−⟩ here from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex9 grade_lab1_ex9([prob_psi_plus, prob_psi_minus, prob_phi_minus]) qft = QuantumCircuit(2) ############################## # add gates to your circuit here qft.h(1) qft.cp(np.pi/2, 0, 1) qft.h(0) qft.swap(0, 1) ############################## qft.draw(output='mpl') from qc_grader.challenges.qgss_2023 import grade_lab1_ex10 grade_lab1_ex10(qft) U = Operator(qft) array_to_latex(U)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit top = QuantumCircuit(1) top.x(0); bottom = QuantumCircuit(2) bottom.cry(0.2, 0, 1); tensored = bottom.tensor(top) tensored.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/BOBO1997/osp_solutions
BOBO1997
import re import itertools import numpy as np import random random.seed(42) import mitiq from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit.ignis.mitigation import expectation_value # Pauli Twirling def pauli_twirling(circ: QuantumCircuit) -> QuantumCircuit: """ [internal function] This function takes a quantum circuit and return a new quantum circuit with Pauli Twirling around the CNOT gates. Args: circ: QuantumCircuit Returns: QuantumCircuit """ def apply_pauli(num: int, qb: int) -> str: if (num == 0): return f'' elif (num == 1): return f'x q[{qb}];\n' elif (num == 2): return f'y q[{qb}];\n' else: return f'z q[{qb}];\n' paulis = [(i,j) for i in range(0,4) for j in range(0,4)] paulis.remove((0,0)) paulis_map = [(0, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (1, 1), (1, 0), (2, 3), (2, 2), (2, 1), (2, 0), (1, 3), (1, 2), (3, 0), (3, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)] new_circ = '' ops = circ.qasm().splitlines(True) #! split the quantum circuit into qasm operators for op in ops: if (op[:2] == 'cx'): # add Pauli Twirling around the CNOT gate num = random.randrange(len(paulis)) qbs = re.findall('q\[(.)\]', op) new_circ += apply_pauli(paulis[num][0], qbs[0]) new_circ += apply_pauli(paulis[num][1], qbs[1]) new_circ += op new_circ += apply_pauli(paulis_map[num][0], qbs[0]) new_circ += apply_pauli(paulis_map[num][1], qbs[1]) else: new_circ += op return QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(new_circ) def zne_wrapper(qcs, scale_factors = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0], pt = False): """ This function outputs the circuit list for zero-noise extrapolation. Args: qcs: List[QuantumCircuit], the input quantum circuits. scale_factors: List[float], to what extent the noise scales are investigated. pt: bool, whether add Pauli Twirling or not. Returns: folded_qcs: List[QuantumCircuit] """ folded_qcs = [] #! ZNE用の回路 for qc in qcs: folded_qcs.append([mitiq.zne.scaling.fold_gates_at_random(qc, scale) for scale in scale_factors]) #! ここでmitiqを使用 folded_qcs = list(itertools.chain(*folded_qcs)) #! folded_qcsを平坦化 if pt: folded_qcs = [pauli_twirling(circ) for circ in folded_qcs] return folded_qcs def make_stf_basis(n, basis_elements = ["X","Y","Z"]): """ [internal function] This function outputs all the combinations of length n string for given basis_elements. When basis_elements is X, Y, and Z (default), the output becomes the n-qubit Pauli basis. Args: n: int basis_elements: List[str] Returns: basis: List[str] """ if n == 1: return basis_elements basis = [] for i in basis_elements: sub_basis = make_stf_basis(n - 1, basis_elements) basis += [i + j for j in sub_basis] return basis def reduce_hist(hist, poses): """ [internal function] This function returns the reduced histogram to the designated positions. Args: hist: Dict[str, float] poses: List[int] Returns: ret_hist: Dict[str, float] """ n = len(poses) ret_hist = {format(i, "0" + str(n) + "b"): 0 for i in range(1 << n)} for k, v in hist.items(): pos = "" for i in range(n): pos += k[poses[i]] ret_hist[pos] += v return ret_hist def make_stf_expvals(n, stf_hists): """ [internal function] This function create the expectations under expanded basis, which are used to reconstruct the density matrix. Args: n: int, the size of classical register in the measurement results. stf_hists: List[Dict[str, float]], the input State Tomography Fitter histograms. Returns: st_expvals: List[float], the output State Tomography expectation values. """ assert len(stf_hists) == 3 ** n stf_basis = make_stf_basis(n, basis_elements=["X","Y","Z"]) st_basis = make_stf_basis(n, basis_elements=["I","X","Y","Z"]) stf_hists_dict = {basis: hist for basis, hist in zip(stf_basis, stf_hists)} st_hists_dict = {basis: stf_hists_dict.get(basis, None) for basis in st_basis} # remaining for basis in sorted(set(st_basis) - set(stf_basis)): if basis == "I" * n: continue reduction_poses = [] reduction_basis = "" for i, b in enumerate(basis): if b != "I": reduction_poses.append(n - 1 - i) # big endian reduction_basis += b # こっちはそのまま(なぜならラベルはlittle endianだから) else: reduction_basis += "Z" st_hists_dict[basis] = reduce_hist(stf_hists_dict[reduction_basis], reduction_poses) st_expvals = dict() for basis, hist in st_hists_dict.items(): if basis == "I" * n: st_expvals[basis] = 1.0 continue st_expvals[basis], _ = expectation_value(hist) return st_expvals def zne_decoder(n, result, scale_factors=[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], fac_type="lin"): """ This function applies the zero-noise extrapolation to the measured results and output the mitigated zero-noise expectation values. Args: n: int, the size of classical register in the measurement results. result: Result, the returned results from job. scale_factors: List[float], this should be the same as the zne_wrapper. fac_type: str, "lin" or "exp", whether to use LinFactory option or ExpFactory option in mitiq, to extrapolate the expectation values. Returns: zne_expvals: List[float], the mitigated zero-noise expectation values. """ hists = result.get_counts() num_scale_factors = len(scale_factors) assert len(hists) % num_scale_factors == 0 scale_wise_expvals = [] # num_scale_factors * 64 for i in range(num_scale_factors): scale_wise_hists = [hists[3 * j + i] for j in range(len(hists) // num_scale_factors)] st_expvals = make_stf_expvals(n, scale_wise_hists) scale_wise_expvals.append( list(st_expvals.values()) ) scale_wise_expvals = np.array(scale_wise_expvals) linfac = mitiq.zne.inference.LinearFactory(scale_factors) expfac = mitiq.zne.ExpFactory(scale_factors) zne_expvals = [] for i in range(4 ** n): if fac_type == "lin": zne_expvals.append( linfac.extrapolate(scale_factors, scale_wise_expvals[:, i]) ) else: zne_expvals.append( expfac.extrapolate(scale_factors, scale_wise_expvals[:, i]) ) return zne_expvals
https://github.com/DaisukeIto-ynu/KosakaQ
DaisukeIto-ynu
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. # pylint: disable=wrong-import-order """Main Qiskit public functionality.""" import pkgutil # First, check for required Python and API version from . import util # qiskit errors operator from .exceptions import QiskitError # The main qiskit operators from qiskit.circuit import ClassicalRegister from qiskit.circuit import QuantumRegister from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin from qiskit.tools.compiler import compile # TODO remove after 0.8 from qiskit.execute import execute # The qiskit.extensions.x imports needs to be placed here due to the # mechanism for adding gates dynamically. import qiskit.extensions import qiskit.circuit.measure import qiskit.circuit.reset # Allow extending this namespace. Please note that currently this line needs # to be placed *before* the wrapper imports or any non-import code AND *before* # importing the package you want to allow extensions for (in this case `backends`). __path__ = pkgutil.extend_path(__path__, __name__) # Please note these are global instances, not modules. from qiskit.providers.basicaer import BasicAer # Try to import the Aer provider if installed. try: from qiskit.providers.aer import Aer except ImportError: pass # Try to import the IBMQ provider if installed. try: from qiskit.providers.ibmq import IBMQ except ImportError: pass from .version import __version__ from .version import __qiskit_version__
https://github.com/AnshDabkara/Qiskit_Algorithm
AnshDabkara
from qiskit import IBMQ, Aer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile, assemble from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor import matplotlib as mpl # import basic plot tools from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram game_circuit = QuantumCircuit(2,1) #game_circuit game_circuit.clear() game_circuit.h(0) game_circuit.h(1) game_circuit.cx(0,1) game_circuit.h(1) game_circuit.measure(1,0) game_circuit.draw('mpl') #running on ibm simulator aer_sim=Aer.get_backend('aer_simulator') shots=1024 qobj=assemble(game_circuit, shots=1024) results=aer_sim.run(qobj).result() counts=results.get_counts() plot_histogram(counts) #running on quantum computer #signing in to ibm using api token IBMQ.save_account('eb51948e03130da6b3212b337a0276eb3ddfb106e6e3ff49388aaf14efdded08d2624fa55f7d7158e02266b904d46424988e127c44056949754947d624319860') IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda b: b.configuration().n_qubits >= 2 and not b.configuration().simulator and b.status().operational==True)) print(backend) t_qc = transpile(game_circuit, backend, optimization_level=3)#transpile=assembling the circuit and everything job = backend.run(t_qc)#backend means device job_monitor(job) exp_result = job.result() exp_counts = exp_result.get_counts(game_circuit) print(exp_counts) plot_histogram(exp_counts)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.compiler import transpile from qiskit.transpiler import PassManager circ = QuantumCircuit(3) circ.ccx(0, 1, 2) circ.draw(output='mpl') from qiskit.transpiler.passes import Unroller pass_ = Unroller(['u1', 'u2', 'u3', 'cx']) pm = PassManager(pass_) new_circ = pm.run(circ) new_circ.draw(output='mpl') from qiskit.transpiler import passes [pass_ for pass_ in dir(passes) if pass_[0].isupper()] from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap, Layout from qiskit.transpiler.passes import BasicSwap, LookaheadSwap, StochasticSwap coupling = [[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4], [4, 5], [5, 6]] circuit = QuantumCircuit(7) circuit.h(3) circuit.cx(0, 6) circuit.cx(6, 0) circuit.cx(0, 1) circuit.cx(3, 1) circuit.cx(3, 0) coupling_map = CouplingMap(couplinglist=coupling) bs = BasicSwap(coupling_map=coupling_map) pass_manager = PassManager(bs) basic_circ = pass_manager.run(circuit) ls = LookaheadSwap(coupling_map=coupling_map) pass_manager = PassManager(ls) lookahead_circ = pass_manager.run(circuit) ss = StochasticSwap(coupling_map=coupling_map) pass_manager = PassManager(ss) stochastic_circ = pass_manager.run(circuit) circuit.draw(output='mpl') basic_circ.draw(output='mpl') lookahead_circ.draw(output='mpl') stochastic_circ.draw(output='mpl') import math from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeTokyo backend = FakeTokyo() # mimics the tokyo device in terms of coupling map and basis gates qc = QuantumCircuit(10) random_state = [ 1 / math.sqrt(4) * complex(0, 1), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(0, 1), 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 / math.sqrt(4) * complex(1, 0), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0)] qc.initialize(random_state, range(4)) qc.draw() optimized_0 = transpile(qc, backend=backend, seed_transpiler=11, optimization_level=0) print('gates = ', optimized_0.count_ops()) print('depth = ', optimized_0.depth()) optimized_1 = transpile(qc, backend=backend, seed_transpiler=11, optimization_level=1) print('gates = ', optimized_1.count_ops()) print('depth = ', optimized_1.depth()) optimized_2 = transpile(qc, backend=backend, seed_transpiler=11, optimization_level=2) print('gates = ', optimized_2.count_ops()) print('depth = ', optimized_2.depth()) optimized_3 = transpile(qc, backend=backend, seed_transpiler=11, optimization_level=3) print('gates = ', optimized_3.count_ops()) print('depth = ', optimized_3.depth()) from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.dagcircuit import DAGCircuit q = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') c = ClassicalRegister(3, 'c') circ = QuantumCircuit(q, c) circ.h(q[0]) circ.cx(q[0], q[1]) circ.measure(q[0], c[0]) circ.rz(0.5, q[1]).c_if(c, 2) circ.draw(output='mpl') from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_dag from qiskit.tools.visualization import dag_drawer dag = circuit_to_dag(circ) dag_drawer(dag) dag.op_nodes() node = dag.op_nodes()[3] print("node name: ", node.name) print("node op: ", node.op) print("node qargs: ", node.qargs) print("node cargs: ", node.cargs) print("node condition: ", node.op.condition) from qiskit.circuit.library import HGate dag.apply_operation_back(HGate(), qargs=[q[0]]) dag_drawer(dag) from qiskit.circuit.library import CCXGate dag.apply_operation_front(CCXGate(), qargs=[q[0], q[1], q[2]], cargs=[]) dag_drawer(dag) from qiskit.circuit.library import CHGate, U2Gate, CXGate mini_dag = DAGCircuit() p = QuantumRegister(2, "p") mini_dag.add_qreg(p) mini_dag.apply_operation_back(CHGate(), qargs=[p[1], p[0]]) mini_dag.apply_operation_back(U2Gate(0.1, 0.2), qargs=[p[1]]) # substitute the cx node with the above mini-dag cx_node = dag.op_nodes(op=CXGate).pop() dag.substitute_node_with_dag(node=cx_node, input_dag=mini_dag, wires=[p[0], p[1]]) dag_drawer(dag) from qiskit.converters import dag_to_circuit circuit = dag_to_circuit(dag) circuit.draw(output='mpl') from copy import copy from qiskit.transpiler.basepasses import TransformationPass from qiskit.transpiler import Layout from qiskit.circuit.library import SwapGate class BasicSwap(TransformationPass): """Maps (with minimum effort) a DAGCircuit onto a `coupling_map` adding swap gates.""" def __init__(self, coupling_map, initial_layout=None): """Maps a DAGCircuit onto a `coupling_map` using swap gates. Args: coupling_map (CouplingMap): Directed graph represented a coupling map. initial_layout (Layout): initial layout of qubits in mapping """ super().__init__() self.coupling_map = coupling_map self.initial_layout = initial_layout def run(self, dag): """Runs the BasicSwap pass on `dag`. Args: dag (DAGCircuit): DAG to map. Returns: DAGCircuit: A mapped DAG. Raises: TranspilerError: if the coupling map or the layout are not compatible with the DAG. """ new_dag = DAGCircuit() for qreg in dag.qregs.values(): new_dag.add_qreg(qreg) for creg in dag.cregs.values(): new_dag.add_creg(creg) if self.initial_layout is None: if self.property_set["layout"]: self.initial_layout = self.property_set["layout"] else: self.initial_layout = Layout.generate_trivial_layout(*dag.qregs.values()) if len(dag.qubits) != len(self.initial_layout): raise TranspilerError('The layout does not match the amount of qubits in the DAG') if len(self.coupling_map.physical_qubits) != len(self.initial_layout): raise TranspilerError( "Mappers require to have the layout to be the same size as the coupling map") canonical_register = dag.qregs['q'] trivial_layout = Layout.generate_trivial_layout(canonical_register) current_layout = trivial_layout.copy() for layer in dag.serial_layers(): subdag = layer['graph'] for gate in subdag.two_qubit_ops(): physical_q0 = current_layout[gate.qargs[0]] physical_q1 = current_layout[gate.qargs[1]] if self.coupling_map.distance(physical_q0, physical_q1) != 1: # Insert a new layer with the SWAP(s). swap_layer = DAGCircuit() swap_layer.add_qreg(canonical_register) path = self.coupling_map.shortest_undirected_path(physical_q0, physical_q1) for swap in range(len(path) - 2): connected_wire_1 = path[swap] connected_wire_2 = path[swap + 1] qubit_1 = current_layout[connected_wire_1] qubit_2 = current_layout[connected_wire_2] # create the swap operation swap_layer.apply_operation_back(SwapGate(), qargs=[qubit_1, qubit_2], cargs=[]) # layer insertion order = current_layout.reorder_bits(new_dag.qubits) new_dag.compose(swap_layer, qubits=order) # update current_layout for swap in range(len(path) - 2): current_layout.swap(path[swap], path[swap + 1]) order = current_layout.reorder_bits(new_dag.qubits) new_dag.compose(subdag, qubits=order) return new_dag q = QuantumRegister(7, 'q') in_circ = QuantumCircuit(q) in_circ.h(q[0]) in_circ.cx(q[0], q[4]) in_circ.cx(q[2], q[3]) in_circ.cx(q[6], q[1]) in_circ.cx(q[5], q[0]) in_circ.rz(0.1, q[2]) in_circ.cx(q[5], q[0]) from qiskit.transpiler import PassManager from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap from qiskit import BasicAer pm = PassManager() coupling = [[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4], [4, 5], [5, 6]] coupling_map = CouplingMap(couplinglist=coupling) pm.append([BasicSwap(coupling_map)]) out_circ = pm.run(in_circ) in_circ.draw(output='mpl') out_circ.draw(output='mpl') import logging logging.basicConfig(level='DEBUG') from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeTenerife log_circ = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) log_circ.h(0) log_circ.h(1) log_circ.h(1) log_circ.x(1) log_circ.cx(0, 1) log_circ.measure([0,1], [0,1]) backend = FakeTenerife() transpile(log_circ, backend); logging.getLogger('qiskit.transpiler').setLevel('INFO') transpile(log_circ, backend); # Change log level back to DEBUG logging.getLogger('qiskit.transpiler').setLevel('DEBUG') # Transpile multiple circuits circuits = [log_circ, log_circ] transpile(circuits, backend); formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)s - %(processName)-10s - %(levelname)s: %(message)s') handler = logging.getLogger().handlers[0] handler.setFormatter(formatter) transpile(circuits, backend); import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/Dirac231/BCHamming
Dirac231
from qiskit import * from unireedsolomon import * from matplotlib import * from math import * from collections import defaultdict import numpy as np from numpy.polynomial import Polynomial from qiskit.providers.aer import AerSimulator from qiskit.circuit.library import QFT from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel #NOISE MODULE #Needed in order to load the ibm-mps simulator for an optimal simulation provider = IBMQ.load_account() ##the following adds the noise model that is based on ibmq_vigo backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_16_melbourne') noise_model = NoiseModel.from_backend(backend) #noise model from real machines ##The following adds custom noise model to the circuit # Error probabilities #prob_1 = 0.001 # x error #prob_2 = 0.01 # depolarizing error # Depolarizing quantum errors #error_1 = noise.depolarizing_error(prob_1, 1) #error_2 = noise.depolarizing_error(prob_2, 2) #error_1 = NoiseModel.depolarizing_error(prob_1, 1) #error_2 = NoiseModel.depolarizing_error(prob_2, 2) # Get basis gates from noise model basis_gates = noise_model.basis_gates basis_gates = ['cx', 'id', 'u1', 'sx', 'x'] #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #PARAMETERS SETUP #Parameters of the classical code used to generate the optimal quantum code. #The code is built so that everything is a function of k_cl, the order of the finite field. #The initial state is read from the file states.txt def init_decoder(): global initial_state, k_cl, delta, K, ENC, encode_reg, ecc, shots, fourier, inv_fourier,provider provider = IBMQ.load_account() initial_state = np.loadtxt('states.txt') k_cl = len(initial_state) #Order of the finite field in terms of powers of 2, corresponds to the amount of qbits sent delta = floor((2**k_cl-1)/2+2) #Classical optimal minimum distance of the code K = (2**k_cl) - delta #Number of classical bits sent, directly related to the error-correcting capability of the code ecc = floor((K+1)/2) ENC = k_cl*(2**k_cl - 1) #Total encoding Qbits needed encode_reg = QuantumRegister(ENC+2*k_cl*K) #Quantum Register used to construct the full circuit ecc = floor((K+1)/2) #Maximum error correction capability per symbol shots = 100 #Initialization of the parameters is completed print("") print("Reading from file: found ",k_cl," Qbits: \n") print("Parameters of the code: ") print("-------------------------------------------") print("Encoding Qbits: ", ENC) print("Sent Qbits: ", k_cl*(2**k_cl-1-2*K)) print("Maximum error-correcting: ", ecc, "/Symbol = ", ecc*k_cl, "/Encoded Qbit") print("-------------------------------------------") #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #QTF IMPLEMENTATION #A quantum fourier transform is used both for encoding and decoding purposes fourier = QFT(num_qubits=ENC, approximation_degree=0, do_swaps=True, inverse=False, insert_barriers=False, name='qft') inv_fourier = QFT(num_qubits=ENC, approximation_degree=0, do_swaps=True, inverse=True, insert_barriers=False, name='qft-inverse') #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #SIMULATES THE CIRCUIT def simulate(qc): """Simulates the circuit using the cloud-computing services of IBMq, this is always the recommended choice to run simulations""" provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend=provider.get_backend('simulator_mps') result = execute(circ, backend,shots=shots, basis_gates=basis_gates, noise_model=noise_model).result() #add noise module print('Simulation Success: {}'.format(result.success)) print("Time taken: {} sec".format(result.time_taken)) counts = result.get_counts(0) return counts #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #MEASURE FUNCTIONS def measure_encoding(qc): """Measure the Qbits used in the encoding, i.e. if the lenght is 3, the first 21 Qbits""" cr = ClassicalRegister(ENC, 'encoded') qc.add_register(cr) for i in range(0, ENC): qc.measure(i,cr[i]) results = simulate(qc) encoded = max(results, key=results.get) return encoded def get_qbits(qc): """Measure the Qbits with the message, i.e. if the lenght is 3, the first 3 Qbits""" cr = ClassicalRegister(k_cl*(2**k_cl-1-2*K), 'out') qc.add_register(cr) for i in range(0,k_cl): qc.measure(i, cr[i]) for i in range(k_cl*(K + 1), ENC-k_cl*K): qc.measure(i, cr[i]) results = simulate(qc) qbits = max(results, key=results.get) return qbits,results def get_syndrome(qc): """Measure the Qbits with the syndrome, i.e. if the lenght is 3, the last 18 Qbits""" cr = ClassicalRegister(2*k_cl*K) qc.add_register(cr) for i in range(0, 2*k_cl*K): qc.measure(ENC+i,cr[i]) #orders the syndromes in descending order in term of the occurrences ordered_res = {k: v for k, v in sorted(simulate(qc).items(), key=lambda item: item[1])} syndromes = list(ordered_res)[::-1] return syndromes #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #GIVEN THE CLASSICAL SYNDROME, RETURNS THE POSITIONS OF THE ERRORS USING CLASSICAL BERLEKAMP-MASSEY #Performs a Berlekamp-Massey algorithm in order to find the error locator polynomial relative to the syndrome# def error_string(classical_syn): k1 = int(ENC/k_cl) k2 = int(((ENC-K*k_cl)/k_cl)) prime = int(hex(find_prime_polynomials(c_exp=k_cl,single=True)),16) coder = rs.RSCoder(k1, k2, prim=prime,c_exp=k_cl) error_bf, sigma_bf = coder._berlekamp_massey_fast(coder._list2gfpoly(str(classical_syn))) eval_tmp_bf, bf = coder._chien_search_faster(error_bf) Y = coder._forney(sigma_bf, eval_tmp_bf) Elist = [] if(classical_syn != "0"*k_cl): if len(Y) >= len(bf): for i in range(coder.gf2_charac): if i in bf: Elist.append(Y[bf.index(i)]) E = Polynomial( Elist[::-1]) error_bits = [bin(int(i))[2:] for i in Elist] s = "" for i in range(len(error_bits)): s += error_bits[i] s = s[::-1] return s else: return "" def error_locator(syn): """take the syndrome computed by the quantum circuit and apply error_string""" for x in syn: BFsyndrome = oct(int((x[::-1])[:k_cl*K],2))[2:] #bit flip syndrome string PFsyndrome = oct(int((x[::-1])[k_cl*K:],2))[2:] #phase flip syndrome string #Performs the error locator finding for each measured syndrome, if a error occurs, it computes the errors associated with the next most probable syndrome try: #uses functions in the unireedsolomon library to compute the error locations bf, pf bf = error_string(BFsyndrome) pf = error_string(PFsyndrome) return bf,pf,x except (RSCodecError,ValueError): continue print("No valid syndrome was found, too many errors try increasing the number of shots.") exit() #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ """ENCODING: takes a message and return the circuit that encodes it""" def encoder(initial_state): """Takes a message and return the circuit that encodes it""" qc = QuantumCircuit(encode_reg) for i in range(0,k_cl): qc.initialize(initial_state[i], i) for i in range(k_cl*(K + 1), ENC-k_cl*K): qc.initialize(initial_state[i], i) for i in range(ENC - k_cl*K,ENC): qc.h(i) qc.append(inv_fourier, encode_reg[:ENC]) return qc #CIRCUIT TO COMPUTE THE SYNDROME def decoder(qc): """Takes the ecoding circuit, computes the syndrome and corrects the message""" qc.append(fourier, encode_reg[:ENC]) for i in range(k_cl+1,k_cl*(K+1)+1): qc.cx(i-1, i+ENC-k_cl-1) for i in range(ENC -k_cl*K, ENC): qc.h(i) for i in range(ENC-k_cl*K-1,ENC-1): qc.cx(i+1, i+ENC-k_cl+1) for i in range(ENC -k_cl*K-1, ENC-1): qc.h(i+1) qc.append(inv_fourier, encode_reg[:ENC]) syn = get_syndrome(qc) bf,pf,x = error_locator(syn) if(bf != "1" or x[:k_cl*K] != "0"*k_cl*K): for i in range(len(bf)): if (bf[i] == "1"): qc.x(i) if (pf != "1" or x[k_cl*K:] != "0"*k_cl*K): for i in range(ENC): qc.h(i) for i in range(len(pf)): if (pf[i] == "1"): qc.z(i) for i in range(ENC): qc.h(i) qc.append(fourier, encode_reg[:ENC]) message,occurrences = get_qbits(qc) occurrences = zip([x[:3][::-1] for x in occurrences.keys()] , list(occurrences.values())) D = defaultdict(int) for k,v in occurrences: D[k]+= int(v) occurrences = dict(D) return qc,message,x,occurrences #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ def send_message(initial_state): """Auxiliary testing function, sends the message contained in the file states.txt and returns the simulation circuit.""" qc = encoder(initial_state) #Classical optimal minimum distance of the code #INSERT ERRORS HERE: (such as qc.x(4) or z-errors) qc,retrieved,syn,occurrences = decoder(qc) plot_histogram(occurrences, color='midnightblue', title="Message occurrences").savefig("histogram.png") print("Most probable message: ", retrieved[:3][::-1]) print("Occurrences: ", occurrences) print("Compared with: ") for i in initial_state: print(i,"\n") print("Syndrome was: ", syn[::-1]) qc.draw(output='mpl', filename='prova.png') return qc #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qc = send_message(initial_state)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-cold-atom
qiskit-community
from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions import FermionSimulator # initialize the generic fermionic simulator backend backend = FermionSimulator() from qiskit import QuantumCircuit circ1 = QuantumCircuit(4) # Create a quantum circuit describing four fermionic modes. circ1.fload([1, 2]) # Load fermions into modes 1 and 2. circ1.draw(output="mpl", style="clifford") circ1.measure_all() job = backend.run(circ1) # defaults to 1000 shots taken print(job.result().get_counts()) circ2 = backend.initialize_circuit([1, 0, 1]) circ2.draw(output="mpl", style="clifford") print(f"First circuit's register: {circ1.qregs}") print(f"Second circuit's register: {circ2.qregs}") from qiskit_nature.second_q.operators import FermionicOp import numpy as np # define the Hamiltonian as a FermionicOp H_swap = np.pi / 2 * FermionicOp({"+_0 -_1": 1, "-_0 +_1": -1}, num_spin_orbitals=2) from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions import FermionicGate swap_fermions = FermionicGate(name="swap_fermion", num_modes=2, generator=H_swap) circ = backend.initialize_circuit([1, 0, 1, 0]) circ.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[0, 1]) circ.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[2, 3]) circ.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[1, 2]) circ.measure_all() # circ.draw(output='mpl', scale=0.8) job = backend.run(circ) print(job.result().get_counts()) # define a gate which will create superposition in the circuit split_fermions = FermionicGate(name="split_fermion", num_modes=2, generator=H_swap / 2) qc_sup = backend.initialize_circuit([1, 0, 0]) qc_sup.append(split_fermions, qargs=[0, 1]) qc_sup.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[1, 2]) qc_sup.measure_all() qc_sup.draw(output="mpl", style="clifford", scale=0.8) from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram job_sup = backend.run(qc_sup) plot_histogram(job_sup.result().get_counts(), figsize=(5, 3)) qc = backend.initialize_circuit([1, 0, 0, 1]) qc.append(split_fermions, qargs=[0, 1]) qc.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[2, 3]) qc.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[0, 1]) qc.append(split_fermions, qargs=[2, 3]) qc.append(swap_fermions, qargs=[0, 2]) qc.measure_all() job = backend.run(qc, shots=10, seed=1234) # access the counts print("counts :", job.result().get_counts()) # access the memory of individual outcomes print("\nmemory :", job.result().get_memory()) # access the statevector print("\nstatevector :", job.result().get_statevector()) # accedd the unitary print("\ncircuit unitary : \n", job.result().get_unitary()) qc.draw(output="mpl", style="clifford") print(backend.get_basis(qc)) corr = FermionicOp({"+_0 -_0 +_2 -_2": 1}, num_spin_orbitals=4) + FermionicOp( {"-_0 +_0 -_2 +_2": 1}, num_spin_orbitals=4 ) exp_val = backend.measure_observable_expectation(qc, observable=corr, shots=1000) print(exp_val) import numpy as np from qiskit_cold_atom.fermions import ( FfsimBackend, Hop, Interaction, Phase, ) # initialize the ffsim backend backend = FfsimBackend() # set the number of orbitals and occupancies norb = 8 nocc = norb // 4 nvrt = norb - nocc occ_a = [1] * nocc + [0] * nvrt occ_b = [1] * nocc + [0] * nvrt occupations = [occ_a, occ_b] # set parameters for fermionic gates hopping = np.ones(norb - 1) interaction = 1.0 mu = np.ones(norb) # construct a circuit with some fermionic gates circuit = backend.initialize_circuit(occupations) circuit.append(Hop(2 * norb, hopping), list(range(2 * norb))) circuit.append(Interaction(2 * norb, interaction), list(range(2 * norb))) circuit.append(Phase(2 * norb, mu), list(range(2 * norb))) circuit.measure_all() # run the circuit and retrieve the measurement counts job = backend.run(circuit, shots=10, seed=1234, num_species=2) # access the counts print("counts :", job.result().get_counts()) # access the memory of individual outcomes print("\nmemory :", job.result().get_memory()) # print the length of the statevector print("\nstatevector length :", len(job.result().get_statevector())) import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/swe-bench/Qiskit__qiskit
swe-bench
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2020, 2023. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """SummedOp Class""" from typing import List, Union, cast, Dict import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.circuit import ParameterExpression from qiskit.opflow.exceptions import OpflowError from qiskit.opflow.list_ops.list_op import ListOp from qiskit.opflow.operator_base import OperatorBase from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_func class SummedOp(ListOp): """Deprecated: A class for lazily representing sums of Operators. Often Operators cannot be efficiently added to one another, but may be manipulated further so that they can be later. This class holds logic to indicate that the Operators in ``oplist`` are meant to be added together, and therefore if they reach a point in which they can be, such as after evaluation or conversion to matrices, they can be reduced by addition.""" @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="For code migration guidelines, visit https://qisk.it/opflow_migration.", ) def __init__( self, oplist: List[OperatorBase], coeff: Union[complex, ParameterExpression] = 1.0, abelian: bool = False, ) -> None: """ Args: oplist: The Operators being summed. coeff: A coefficient multiplying the operator abelian: Indicates whether the Operators in ``oplist`` are known to mutually commute. """ super().__init__(oplist, combo_fn=lambda x: np.sum(x, axis=0), coeff=coeff, abelian=abelian) @property def num_qubits(self) -> int: return self.oplist[0].num_qubits @property def distributive(self) -> bool: return True @property def settings(self) -> Dict: """Return settings.""" return {"oplist": self._oplist, "coeff": self._coeff, "abelian": self._abelian} def add(self, other: OperatorBase) -> "SummedOp": """Return Operator addition of ``self`` and ``other``, overloaded by ``+``. Note: This appends ``other`` to ``self.oplist`` without checking ``other`` is already included or not. If you want to simplify them, please use :meth:`simplify`. Args: other: An ``OperatorBase`` with the same number of qubits as self, and in the same 'Operator', 'State function', or 'Measurement' category as self (i.e. the same type of underlying function). Returns: A ``SummedOp`` equivalent to the sum of self and other. """ self_new_ops = ( self.oplist if self.coeff == 1 else [op.mul(self.coeff) for op in self.oplist] ) if isinstance(other, SummedOp): other_new_ops = ( other.oplist if other.coeff == 1 else [op.mul(other.coeff) for op in other.oplist] ) else: other_new_ops = [other] return SummedOp(self_new_ops + other_new_ops) def collapse_summands(self) -> "SummedOp": """Return Operator by simplifying duplicate operators. E.g., ``SummedOp([2 * X ^ Y, X ^ Y]).collapse_summands() -> SummedOp([3 * X ^ Y])``. Returns: A simplified ``SummedOp`` equivalent to self. """ # pylint: disable=cyclic-import from ..primitive_ops.primitive_op import PrimitiveOp oplist = [] # type: List[OperatorBase] coeffs = [] # type: List[Union[int, float, complex, ParameterExpression]] for op in self.oplist: if isinstance(op, PrimitiveOp): new_op = PrimitiveOp(op.primitive) new_coeff = op.coeff * self.coeff if new_op in oplist: index = oplist.index(new_op) coeffs[index] += new_coeff else: oplist.append(new_op) coeffs.append(new_coeff) else: if op in oplist: index = oplist.index(op) coeffs[index] += self.coeff else: oplist.append(op) coeffs.append(self.coeff) return SummedOp([op * coeff for op, coeff in zip(oplist, coeffs)]) # TODO be smarter about the fact that any two ops in oplist could be evaluated for sum. def reduce(self) -> OperatorBase: """Try collapsing list or trees of sums. Tries to sum up duplicate operators and reduces the operators in the sum. Returns: A collapsed version of self, if possible. """ if len(self.oplist) == 0: return SummedOp([], coeff=self.coeff, abelian=self.abelian) # reduce constituents reduced_ops = sum(op.reduce() for op in self.oplist) * self.coeff # group duplicate operators if isinstance(reduced_ops, SummedOp): reduced_ops = reduced_ops.collapse_summands() # pylint: disable=cyclic-import from ..primitive_ops.pauli_sum_op import PauliSumOp if isinstance(reduced_ops, PauliSumOp): reduced_ops = reduced_ops.reduce() if isinstance(reduced_ops, SummedOp) and len(reduced_ops.oplist) == 1: return reduced_ops.oplist[0] else: return cast(OperatorBase, reduced_ops) def to_circuit(self) -> QuantumCircuit: """Returns the quantum circuit, representing the SummedOp. In the first step, the SummedOp is converted to MatrixOp. This is straightforward for most operators, but it is not supported for operators containing parameterized PrimitiveOps (in that case, OpflowError is raised). In the next step, the MatrixOp representation of SummedOp is converted to circuit. In most cases, if the summands themselves are unitary operators, the SummedOp itself is non-unitary and can not be converted to circuit. In that case, ExtensionError is raised in the underlying modules. Returns: The circuit representation of the summed operator. Raises: OpflowError: if SummedOp can not be converted to MatrixOp (e.g. SummedOp is composed of parameterized PrimitiveOps). """ # pylint: disable=cyclic-import from ..primitive_ops.matrix_op import MatrixOp matrix_op = self.to_matrix_op() if isinstance(matrix_op, MatrixOp): return matrix_op.to_circuit() raise OpflowError( "The SummedOp can not be converted to circuit, because to_matrix_op did " "not return a MatrixOp." ) def to_matrix_op(self, massive: bool = False) -> "SummedOp": """Returns an equivalent Operator composed of only NumPy-based primitives, such as ``MatrixOp`` and ``VectorStateFn``.""" accum = self.oplist[0].to_matrix_op(massive=massive) for i in range(1, len(self.oplist)): accum += self.oplist[i].to_matrix_op(massive=massive) return cast(SummedOp, accum * self.coeff) def to_pauli_op(self, massive: bool = False) -> "SummedOp": # pylint: disable=cyclic-import from ..state_fns.state_fn import StateFn pauli_sum = SummedOp( [ op.to_pauli_op(massive=massive) # type: ignore if not isinstance(op, StateFn) else op for op in self.oplist ], coeff=self.coeff, abelian=self.abelian, ).reduce() if isinstance(pauli_sum, SummedOp): return pauli_sum return pauli_sum.to_pauli_op() # type: ignore def equals(self, other: OperatorBase) -> bool: """Check if other is equal to self. Note: This is not a mathematical check for equality. If ``self`` and ``other`` implement the same operation but differ in the representation (e.g. different type of summands) ``equals`` will evaluate to ``False``. Args: other: The other operator to check for equality. Returns: True, if other and self are equal, otherwise False. Examples: >>> from qiskit.opflow import X, Z >>> 2 * X == X + X True >>> X + Z == Z + X True """ self_reduced, other_reduced = self.reduce(), other.reduce() if not isinstance(other_reduced, type(self_reduced)): return False # check if reduced op is still a SummedOp if not isinstance(self_reduced, SummedOp): return self_reduced == other_reduced self_reduced = cast(SummedOp, self_reduced) other_reduced = cast(SummedOp, other_reduced) if len(self_reduced.oplist) != len(other_reduced.oplist): return False # absorb coeffs into the operators if self_reduced.coeff != 1: self_reduced = SummedOp([op * self_reduced.coeff for op in self_reduced.oplist]) if other_reduced.coeff != 1: other_reduced = SummedOp([op * other_reduced.coeff for op in other_reduced.oplist]) # compare independent of order return all(any(i == j for j in other_reduced) for i in self_reduced)
https://github.com/Qiskit/feedback
Qiskit
from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_function from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_arguments class DummyClass: """This is short description. Let's make it multiline""" def __init__(self, arg1: int = None, arg2: [int] = None): self.arg1 = arg1 self.arg2 = arg2 @deprecate_function( "The DummyClass.foo() method is being deprecated. Use the DummyClass.some_othermethod()", since="1.2.3", ) def foo_deprecated(self, index_arg2: int): """A multi-line docstring. Here are more details. Args: index_arg2: `index_arg2` description Returns: int: returns `arg2[index_arg2]` Raises: QiskitError: if `len(self.arg2) < index_arg2` """ if len(self.arg2) < index_arg2: raise QiskitError("there is an error") return self.arg2[index_arg2] @deprecate_arguments({"if_arg1": "other_if_arg1"}, since="1.2.3") def bar_with_deprecated_arg( self, if_arg1: int = None, index_arg2: int = None, other_if_arg1: int = None ): """ A multi-line short docstring. This is the long description Args: if_arg1: `if_arg1` description with multi-line index_arg2: `index_arg2` description other_if_arg1: `other_if_arg1` description Returns: int or None: if `if_arg1 == self.arg1`, returns `arg2[index_arg2]` """ if other_if_arg1 == self.arg1 or if_arg1 == self.arg1: return self.arg2[index_arg2] return None d = DummyClass(1, [1,2]) d.foo_deprecated(0) print(d.foo_deprecated.__doc__) d.bar_with_deprecated_arg(if_arg1=0) d.bar_with_deprecated_arg(other_if_arg1=0) print(d.bar_with_deprecated_arg.__doc__) def f(): """Normal docstring""" pass deprecate_function("deprecation message", since="1.2.3")(f) print(f.__doc__) def f(): """Normal docstring""" pass deprecate_function("deprecation message", modify_docstring=False, since="1.2.3")(f) print(f.__doc__) def f(): """Normal docstring""" pass deprecate_function("deprecation message", modify_docstring=True)(f) print(f.__doc__) from qiskit import __version__ def f(): """Normal docstring""" pass deprecate_function("deprecation message", modify_docstring=True, since=__version__)(f) print(f.__doc__)
https://github.com/AdityaZade/QuantumDecoder
AdityaZade
from qiskit import * %matplotlib inline from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram secretnumber='101001' circuit=QuantumCircuit(len(secretnumber)+1,len(secretnumber)) # circuit.h([0,1,2,3,4,5]) # circuit.x(6) # circuit.h(6) circuit.h(range(len(secretnumber))) circuit.x(len(secretnumber)) circuit.z(len(secretnumber)) circuit.draw(output='mpl') circuit.barrier() for i,check in enumerate(reversed(secretnumber)): if check == '1': circuit.cx(i,len(secretnumber)) # circuit.cx(5,6) # circuit.cx(2,6) # circuit.cx(0,6) circuit.draw(output='mpl') circuit.barrier() circuit.h(range(len(secretnumber))) circuit.draw(output='mpl') circuit.measure(range(len(secretnumber)),range(len(secretnumber))) circuit.draw(output='mpl') simulator=Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') result=execute(circuit,backend=simulator,shots=1).result() count=result.get_counts() print(count)
https://github.com/2lambda123/Qiskit-qiskit
2lambda123
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2023. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Test -CZ-CX- joint synthesis function.""" import unittest from test import combine import numpy as np from ddt import ddt from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.quantum_info import Clifford from qiskit.synthesis.linear_phase.cx_cz_depth_lnn import synth_cx_cz_depth_line_my from qiskit.synthesis.linear import ( synth_cnot_depth_line_kms, random_invertible_binary_matrix, ) from qiskit.synthesis.linear.linear_circuits_utils import check_lnn_connectivity from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase @ddt class TestCXCZSynth(QiskitTestCase): """Test the linear reversible circuit synthesis functions.""" @combine(num_qubits=[3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]) def test_cx_cz_synth_lnn(self, num_qubits): """Test the CXCZ synthesis code for linear nearest neighbour connectivity.""" seed = 1234 rng = np.random.default_rng(seed) num_gates = 10 num_trials = 8 for _ in range(num_trials): # Generate a random CZ circuit mat_z = np.zeros((num_qubits, num_qubits)) cir_z = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits) for _ in range(num_gates): i = rng.integers(num_qubits) j = rng.integers(num_qubits) if i != j: cir_z.cz(i, j) if j > i: mat_z[i][j] = (mat_z[i][j] + 1) % 2 else: mat_z[j][i] = (mat_z[j][i] + 1) % 2 # Generate a random CX circuit mat_x = random_invertible_binary_matrix(num_qubits, seed=rng) mat_x = np.array(mat_x, dtype=bool) cir_x = synth_cnot_depth_line_kms(mat_x) # Joint Synthesis cir_zx_test = QuantumCircuit.compose(cir_z, cir_x) cir_zx = synth_cx_cz_depth_line_my(mat_x, mat_z) # Check that the output circuit 2-qubit depth is at most 5n depth2q = cir_zx.depth(filter_function=lambda x: x.operation.num_qubits == 2) self.assertTrue(depth2q <= 5 * num_qubits) # Check that the output circuit has LNN connectivity self.assertTrue(check_lnn_connectivity(cir_zx)) # Assert that we get the same elements as other methods self.assertEqual(Clifford(cir_zx), Clifford(cir_zx_test)) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/theflyingrahul/qiskitsummerschool2020
theflyingrahul
# import SymPy and define symbols import sympy as sp sp.init_printing(use_unicode=True) wr = sp.Symbol('\omega_r') # resonator frequency wq = sp.Symbol('\omega_q') # qubit frequency g = sp.Symbol('g', real=True) # vacuum Rabi coupling Delta = sp.Symbol('Delta', real=True) # wr - wq; defined later # import operator relations and define them from sympy.physics.quantum.boson import BosonOp a = BosonOp('a') # resonator photon annihilation operator from sympy.physics.quantum import pauli, Dagger, Commutator from sympy.physics.quantum.operatorordering import normal_ordered_form # Pauli matrices sx = pauli.SigmaX() sy = pauli.SigmaY() sz = pauli.SigmaZ() # qubit raising and lowering operators splus = pauli.SigmaPlus() sminus = pauli.SigmaMinus() # define J-C Hamiltonian in terms of diagonal and non-block diagonal terms H0 = wr*Dagger(a)*a - (1/2)*wq*sz; H1 = 0 H2 = g*(Dagger(a)*sminus + a*splus); HJC = H0 + H1 + H2; HJC # print # using the above method for finding the ansatz eta = Commutator(H0, H2); eta pauli.qsimplify_pauli(normal_ordered_form(eta.doit().expand())) A = sp.Symbol('A') B = sp.Symbol('B') eta = A * Dagger(a) * sminus - B * a * splus; pauli.qsimplify_pauli(normal_ordered_form(Commutator(H0, eta).doit().expand())) H2 S1 = eta.subs(A, g/Delta) S1 = S1.subs(B, g/Delta); S1.factor() Heff = H0 + H1 + 0.5*pauli.qsimplify_pauli(normal_ordered_form(Commutator(H2, S1).doit().expand())).simplify(); Heff from qiskit.tools.jupyter import * from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q', group='open', project='main') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_armonk') backend_config = backend.configuration() assert backend_config.open_pulse, "Backend doesn't support Pulse" dt = backend_config.dt print(f"Sampling time: {dt*1e9} ns") backend_defaults = backend.defaults() import numpy as np # unit conversion factors -> all backend properties returned in SI (Hz, sec, etc) GHz = 1.0e9 # Gigahertz MHz = 1.0e6 # Megahertz kHz = 1.0e3 us = 1.0e-6 # Microseconds ns = 1.0e-9 # Nanoseconds # We will find the qubit frequency for the following qubit. qubit = 0 # The sweep will be centered around the estimated qubit frequency. center_frequency_Hz = backend_defaults.qubit_freq_est[qubit] # The default frequency is given in Hz # warning: this will change in a future release print(f"Qubit {qubit} has an estimated frequency of {center_frequency_Hz / GHz} GHz.") # scale factor to remove factors of 10 from the data scale_factor = 1e-14 # We will sweep 40 MHz around the estimated frequency frequency_span_Hz = 40 * MHz # in steps of 1 MHz. frequency_step_Hz = 1 * MHz # We will sweep 20 MHz above and 20 MHz below the estimated frequency frequency_min = center_frequency_Hz - frequency_span_Hz / 2 frequency_max = center_frequency_Hz + frequency_span_Hz / 2 # Construct an np array of the frequencies for our experiment frequencies_GHz = np.arange(frequency_min / GHz, frequency_max / GHz, frequency_step_Hz / GHz) print(f"The sweep will go from {frequency_min / GHz} GHz to {frequency_max / GHz} GHz \ in steps of {frequency_step_Hz / MHz} MHz.") from qiskit import pulse # This is where we access all of our Pulse features! inst_sched_map = backend_defaults.instruction_schedule_map measure = inst_sched_map.get('measure', qubits=[qubit]) x_pulse = inst_sched_map.get('x', qubits=[qubit]) ### Collect the necessary channels drive_chan = pulse.DriveChannel(qubit) meas_chan = pulse.MeasureChannel(qubit) acq_chan = pulse.AcquireChannel(qubit) # Create the base schedule # Start with drive pulse acting on the drive channel schedule = pulse.Schedule(name='Frequency sweep') schedule += x_pulse # The left shift `<<` is special syntax meaning to shift the start time of the schedule by some duration schedule += measure << schedule.duration # Create the frequency settings for the sweep (MUST BE IN HZ) frequencies_Hz = frequencies_GHz*GHz schedule_frequencies = [{drive_chan: freq} for freq in frequencies_Hz] schedule.draw(label=True, scaling=0.8) from qiskit import assemble frequency_sweep_program = assemble(schedule, backend=backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=1024, schedule_los=schedule_frequencies) # RUN the job on a real device #job = backend.run(rabi_experiment_program) #print(job.job_id()) #from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor #job_monitor(job) # OR retreive result from previous run job = backend.retrieve_job('5ef3b081fbc24b001275b03b') frequency_sweep_results = job.result() import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.style.use('dark_background') sweep_values = [] for i in range(len(frequency_sweep_results.results)): # Get the results from the ith experiment res = frequency_sweep_results.get_memory(i)*scale_factor # Get the results for `qubit` from this experiment sweep_values.append(res[qubit]) plt.scatter(frequencies_GHz, np.real(sweep_values), color='white') # plot real part of sweep values plt.xlim([min(frequencies_GHz), max(frequencies_GHz)]) plt.xlabel("Frequency [GHz]") plt.ylabel("Measured signal [a.u.]") plt.show() from scipy.optimize import curve_fit def fit_function(x_values, y_values, function, init_params): fitparams, conv = curve_fit(function, x_values, y_values, init_params) y_fit = function(x_values, *fitparams) return fitparams, y_fit fit_params, y_fit = fit_function(frequencies_GHz, np.real(sweep_values), lambda x, A, q_freq, B, C: (A / np.pi) * (B / ((x - q_freq)**2 + B**2)) + C, [5, 4.975, 1, 3] # initial parameters for curve_fit ) plt.scatter(frequencies_GHz, np.real(sweep_values), color='white') plt.plot(frequencies_GHz, y_fit, color='red') plt.xlim([min(frequencies_GHz), max(frequencies_GHz)]) plt.xlabel("Frequency [GHz]") plt.ylabel("Measured Signal [a.u.]") plt.show() # Create the schedules for 0 and 1 schedule_0 = pulse.Schedule(name='0') schedule_0 += measure schedule_1 = pulse.Schedule(name='1') schedule_1 += x_pulse schedule_1 += measure << schedule_1.duration schedule_0.draw() schedule_1.draw() frequency_span_Hz = 320 * kHz frequency_step_Hz = 8 * kHz center_frequency_Hz = backend_defaults.meas_freq_est[qubit] print(f"Qubit {qubit} has an estimated readout frequency of {center_frequency_Hz / GHz} GHz.") frequency_min = center_frequency_Hz - frequency_span_Hz / 2 frequency_max = center_frequency_Hz + frequency_span_Hz / 2 frequencies_GHz = np.arange(frequency_min / GHz, frequency_max / GHz, frequency_step_Hz / GHz) print(f"The sweep will go from {frequency_min / GHz} GHz to {frequency_max / GHz} GHz\ in steps of {frequency_step_Hz / MHz} MHz.") num_shots_per_frequency = 2048 frequencies_Hz = frequencies_GHz*GHz schedule_los = [{meas_chan: freq} for freq in frequencies_Hz] cavity_sweep_0 = assemble(schedule_0, backend=backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_frequency, schedule_los=schedule_los) cavity_sweep_1 = assemble(schedule_1, backend=backend, meas_level=1, meas_return='avg', shots=num_shots_per_frequency, schedule_los=schedule_los) # RUN the job on a real device #job_0 = backend.run(cavity_sweep_0) #job_monitor(job_0) #job_0.error_message() #job_1 = backend.run(cavity_sweep_1) #job_monitor(job_1) #job_1.error_message() # OR retreive result from previous run job_0 = backend.retrieve_job('5efa5b447c0d6800137fff1c') job_1 = backend.retrieve_job('5efa6b2720eee10013be46b4') cavity_sweep_0_results = job_0.result() cavity_sweep_1_results = job_1.result() scale_factor = 1e-14 sweep_values_0 = [] for i in range(len(cavity_sweep_0_results.results)): res_0 = cavity_sweep_0_results.get_memory(i)*scale_factor sweep_values_0.append(res_0[qubit]) sweep_values_1 = [] for i in range(len(cavity_sweep_1_results.results)): res_1 = cavity_sweep_1_results.get_memory(i)*scale_factor sweep_values_1.append(res_1[qubit]) plotx = frequencies_Hz/kHz ploty_0 = np.abs(sweep_values_0) ploty_1 = np.abs(sweep_values_1) plt.plot(plotx, ploty_0, color='blue', marker='.') # plot real part of sweep values plt.plot(plotx, ploty_1, color='red', marker='.') # plot real part of sweep values plt.legend([r'$\vert0\rangle$', r'$\vert1\rangle$']) plt.grid() plt.xlabel("Frequency [kHz]") plt.ylabel("Measured signal [a.u.]") plt.yscale('log') plt.show()
https://github.com/ronitd2002/IBM-Quantum-challenge-2024
ronitd2002
import json import logging import numpy as np import warnings from functools import wraps from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Tuple, Union from qiskit import IBMQ, QuantumCircuit, assemble from qiskit.circuit import Barrier, Gate, Instruction, Measure from qiskit.circuit.library import UGate, U3Gate, CXGate from qiskit.providers.ibmq import AccountProvider, IBMQProviderError from qiskit.providers.ibmq.job import IBMQJob def get_provider() -> AccountProvider: with warnings.catch_warnings(): warnings.simplefilter('ignore') ibmq_logger = logging.getLogger('qiskit.providers.ibmq') current_level = ibmq_logger.level ibmq_logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR) # get provider try: provider = IBMQ.get_provider() except IBMQProviderError: provider = IBMQ.load_account() ibmq_logger.setLevel(current_level) return provider def get_job(job_id: str) -> Optional[IBMQJob]: try: job = get_provider().backends.retrieve_job(job_id) return job except Exception: pass return None def circuit_to_json(qc: QuantumCircuit) -> str: class _QobjEncoder(json.encoder.JSONEncoder): def default(self, obj: Any) -> Any: if isinstance(obj, np.ndarray): return obj.tolist() if isinstance(obj, complex): return (obj.real, obj.imag) return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj) return json.dumps(circuit_to_dict(qc), cls=_QobjEncoder) def circuit_to_dict(qc: QuantumCircuit) -> dict: qobj = assemble(qc) return qobj.to_dict() def get_job_urls(job: Union[str, IBMQJob]) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[str], Optional[str]]: try: job_id = job.job_id() if isinstance(job, IBMQJob) else job download_url = get_provider()._api_client.account_api.job(job_id).download_url()['url'] result_url = get_provider()._api_client.account_api.job(job_id).result_url()['url'] return download_url, result_url except Exception: return None, None def cached(key_function: Callable) -> Callable: def _decorator(f: Any) -> Callable: f.__cache = {} @wraps(f) def _decorated(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> int: key = key_function(*args, **kwargs) if key not in f.__cache: f.__cache[key] = f(*args, **kwargs) return f.__cache[key] return _decorated return _decorator def gate_key(gate: Gate) -> Tuple[str, int]: return gate.name, gate.num_qubits @cached(gate_key) def gate_cost(gate: Gate) -> int: if isinstance(gate, (UGate, U3Gate)): return 1 elif isinstance(gate, CXGate): return 10 elif isinstance(gate, (Measure, Barrier)): return 0 return sum(map(gate_cost, (g for g, _, _ in gate.definition.data))) def compute_cost(circuit: Union[Instruction, QuantumCircuit]) -> int: print('Computing cost...') circuit_data = None if isinstance(circuit, QuantumCircuit): circuit_data = circuit.data elif isinstance(circuit, Instruction): circuit_data = circuit.definition.data else: raise Exception(f'Unable to obtain circuit data from {type(circuit)}') return sum(map(gate_cost, (g for g, _, _ in circuit_data))) def uses_multiqubit_gate(circuit: QuantumCircuit) -> bool: circuit_data = None if isinstance(circuit, QuantumCircuit): circuit_data = circuit.data elif isinstance(circuit, Instruction) and circuit.definition is not None: circuit_data = circuit.definition.data else: raise Exception(f'Unable to obtain circuit data from {type(circuit)}') for g, _, _ in circuit_data: if isinstance(g, (Barrier, Measure)): continue elif isinstance(g, Gate): if g.num_qubits > 1: return True elif isinstance(g, (QuantumCircuit, Instruction)) and uses_multiqubit_gate(g): return True return False
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from qiskit import QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.circuit.library import IntegerComparator from qiskit.algorithms import IterativeAmplitudeEstimation, EstimationProblem from qiskit_aer.primitives import Sampler # set problem parameters n_z = 2 z_max = 2 z_values = np.linspace(-z_max, z_max, 2**n_z) p_zeros = [0.15, 0.25] rhos = [0.1, 0.05] lgd = [1, 2] K = len(p_zeros) alpha = 0.05 from qiskit_finance.circuit.library import GaussianConditionalIndependenceModel as GCI u = GCI(n_z, z_max, p_zeros, rhos) u.draw() u_measure = u.measure_all(inplace=False) sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(u_measure) binary_probabilities = job.result().quasi_dists[0].binary_probabilities() # analyze uncertainty circuit and determine exact solutions p_z = np.zeros(2**n_z) p_default = np.zeros(K) values = [] probabilities = [] num_qubits = u.num_qubits for i, prob in binary_probabilities.items(): # extract value of Z and corresponding probability i_normal = int(i[-n_z:], 2) p_z[i_normal] += prob # determine overall default probability for k loss = 0 for k in range(K): if i[K - k - 1] == "1": p_default[k] += prob loss += lgd[k] values += [loss] probabilities += [prob] values = np.array(values) probabilities = np.array(probabilities) expected_loss = np.dot(values, probabilities) losses = np.sort(np.unique(values)) pdf = np.zeros(len(losses)) for i, v in enumerate(losses): pdf[i] += sum(probabilities[values == v]) cdf = np.cumsum(pdf) i_var = np.argmax(cdf >= 1 - alpha) exact_var = losses[i_var] exact_cvar = np.dot(pdf[(i_var + 1) :], losses[(i_var + 1) :]) / sum(pdf[(i_var + 1) :]) print("Expected Loss E[L]: %.4f" % expected_loss) print("Value at Risk VaR[L]: %.4f" % exact_var) print("P[L <= VaR[L]]: %.4f" % cdf[exact_var]) print("Conditional Value at Risk CVaR[L]: %.4f" % exact_cvar) # plot loss PDF, expected loss, var, and cvar plt.bar(losses, pdf) plt.axvline(expected_loss, color="green", linestyle="--", label="E[L]") plt.axvline(exact_var, color="orange", linestyle="--", label="VaR(L)") plt.axvline(exact_cvar, color="red", linestyle="--", label="CVaR(L)") plt.legend(fontsize=15) plt.xlabel("Loss L ($)", size=15) plt.ylabel("probability (%)", size=15) plt.title("Loss Distribution", size=20) plt.xticks(size=15) plt.yticks(size=15) plt.show() # plot results for Z plt.plot(z_values, p_z, "o-", linewidth=3, markersize=8) plt.grid() plt.xlabel("Z value", size=15) plt.ylabel("probability (%)", size=15) plt.title("Z Distribution", size=20) plt.xticks(size=15) plt.yticks(size=15) plt.show() # plot results for default probabilities plt.bar(range(K), p_default) plt.xlabel("Asset", size=15) plt.ylabel("probability (%)", size=15) plt.title("Individual Default Probabilities", size=20) plt.xticks(range(K), size=15) plt.yticks(size=15) plt.grid() plt.show() # add Z qubits with weight/loss 0 from qiskit.circuit.library import WeightedAdder agg = WeightedAdder(n_z + K, [0] * n_z + lgd) from qiskit.circuit.library import LinearAmplitudeFunction # define linear objective function breakpoints = [0] slopes = [1] offsets = [0] f_min = 0 f_max = sum(lgd) c_approx = 0.25 objective = LinearAmplitudeFunction( agg.num_sum_qubits, slope=slopes, offset=offsets, # max value that can be reached by the qubit register (will not always be reached) domain=(0, 2**agg.num_sum_qubits - 1), image=(f_min, f_max), rescaling_factor=c_approx, breakpoints=breakpoints, ) # define the registers for convenience and readability qr_state = QuantumRegister(u.num_qubits, "state") qr_sum = QuantumRegister(agg.num_sum_qubits, "sum") qr_carry = QuantumRegister(agg.num_carry_qubits, "carry") qr_obj = QuantumRegister(1, "objective") # define the circuit state_preparation = QuantumCircuit(qr_state, qr_obj, qr_sum, qr_carry, name="A") # load the random variable state_preparation.append(u.to_gate(), qr_state) # aggregate state_preparation.append(agg.to_gate(), qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) # linear objective function state_preparation.append(objective.to_gate(), qr_sum[:] + qr_obj[:]) # uncompute aggregation state_preparation.append(agg.to_gate().inverse(), qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) # draw the circuit state_preparation.draw() state_preparation_measure = state_preparation.measure_all(inplace=False) sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(state_preparation_measure) binary_probabilities = job.result().quasi_dists[0].binary_probabilities() # evaluate the result value = 0 for i, prob in binary_probabilities.items(): if prob > 1e-6 and i[-(len(qr_state) + 1) :][0] == "1": value += prob print("Exact Expected Loss: %.4f" % expected_loss) print("Exact Operator Value: %.4f" % value) print("Mapped Operator value: %.4f" % objective.post_processing(value)) # set target precision and confidence level epsilon = 0.01 alpha = 0.05 problem = EstimationProblem( state_preparation=state_preparation, objective_qubits=[len(qr_state)], post_processing=objective.post_processing, ) # construct amplitude estimation ae = IterativeAmplitudeEstimation( epsilon_target=epsilon, alpha=alpha, sampler=Sampler(run_options={"shots": 100}) ) result = ae.estimate(problem) # print results conf_int = np.array(result.confidence_interval_processed) print("Exact value: \t%.4f" % expected_loss) print("Estimated value:\t%.4f" % result.estimation_processed) print("Confidence interval: \t[%.4f, %.4f]" % tuple(conf_int)) # set x value to estimate the CDF x_eval = 2 comparator = IntegerComparator(agg.num_sum_qubits, x_eval + 1, geq=False) comparator.draw() def get_cdf_circuit(x_eval): # define the registers for convenience and readability qr_state = QuantumRegister(u.num_qubits, "state") qr_sum = QuantumRegister(agg.num_sum_qubits, "sum") qr_carry = QuantumRegister(agg.num_carry_qubits, "carry") qr_obj = QuantumRegister(1, "objective") qr_compare = QuantumRegister(1, "compare") # define the circuit state_preparation = QuantumCircuit(qr_state, qr_obj, qr_sum, qr_carry, name="A") # load the random variable state_preparation.append(u, qr_state) # aggregate state_preparation.append(agg, qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) # comparator objective function comparator = IntegerComparator(agg.num_sum_qubits, x_eval + 1, geq=False) state_preparation.append(comparator, qr_sum[:] + qr_obj[:] + qr_carry[:]) # uncompute aggregation state_preparation.append(agg.inverse(), qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) return state_preparation state_preparation = get_cdf_circuit(x_eval) state_preparation.draw() state_preparation_measure = state_preparation.measure_all(inplace=False) sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(state_preparation_measure) binary_probabilities = job.result().quasi_dists[0].binary_probabilities() # evaluate the result var_prob = 0 for i, prob in binary_probabilities.items(): if prob > 1e-6 and i[-(len(qr_state) + 1) :][0] == "1": var_prob += prob print("Operator CDF(%s)" % x_eval + " = %.4f" % var_prob) print("Exact CDF(%s)" % x_eval + " = %.4f" % cdf[x_eval]) # set target precision and confidence level epsilon = 0.01 alpha = 0.05 problem = EstimationProblem(state_preparation=state_preparation, objective_qubits=[len(qr_state)]) # construct amplitude estimation ae_cdf = IterativeAmplitudeEstimation( epsilon_target=epsilon, alpha=alpha, sampler=Sampler(run_options={"shots": 100}) ) result_cdf = ae_cdf.estimate(problem) # print results conf_int = np.array(result_cdf.confidence_interval) print("Exact value: \t%.4f" % cdf[x_eval]) print("Estimated value:\t%.4f" % result_cdf.estimation) print("Confidence interval: \t[%.4f, %.4f]" % tuple(conf_int)) def run_ae_for_cdf(x_eval, epsilon=0.01, alpha=0.05, simulator="aer_simulator"): # construct amplitude estimation state_preparation = get_cdf_circuit(x_eval) problem = EstimationProblem( state_preparation=state_preparation, objective_qubits=[len(qr_state)] ) ae_var = IterativeAmplitudeEstimation( epsilon_target=epsilon, alpha=alpha, sampler=Sampler(run_options={"shots": 100}) ) result_var = ae_var.estimate(problem) return result_var.estimation def bisection_search( objective, target_value, low_level, high_level, low_value=None, high_value=None ): """ Determines the smallest level such that the objective value is still larger than the target :param objective: objective function :param target: target value :param low_level: lowest level to be considered :param high_level: highest level to be considered :param low_value: value of lowest level (will be evaluated if set to None) :param high_value: value of highest level (will be evaluated if set to None) :return: dictionary with level, value, num_eval """ # check whether low and high values are given and evaluated them otherwise print("--------------------------------------------------------------------") print("start bisection search for target value %.3f" % target_value) print("--------------------------------------------------------------------") num_eval = 0 if low_value is None: low_value = objective(low_level) num_eval += 1 if high_value is None: high_value = objective(high_level) num_eval += 1 # check if low_value already satisfies the condition if low_value > target_value: return { "level": low_level, "value": low_value, "num_eval": num_eval, "comment": "returned low value", } elif low_value == target_value: return {"level": low_level, "value": low_value, "num_eval": num_eval, "comment": "success"} # check if high_value is above target if high_value < target_value: return { "level": high_level, "value": high_value, "num_eval": num_eval, "comment": "returned low value", } elif high_value == target_value: return { "level": high_level, "value": high_value, "num_eval": num_eval, "comment": "success", } # perform bisection search until print("low_level low_value level value high_level high_value") print("--------------------------------------------------------------------") while high_level - low_level > 1: level = int(np.round((high_level + low_level) / 2.0)) num_eval += 1 value = objective(level) print( "%2d %.3f %2d %.3f %2d %.3f" % (low_level, low_value, level, value, high_level, high_value) ) if value >= target_value: high_level = level high_value = value else: low_level = level low_value = value # return high value after bisection search print("--------------------------------------------------------------------") print("finished bisection search") print("--------------------------------------------------------------------") return {"level": high_level, "value": high_value, "num_eval": num_eval, "comment": "success"} # run bisection search to determine VaR objective = lambda x: run_ae_for_cdf(x) bisection_result = bisection_search( objective, 1 - alpha, min(losses) - 1, max(losses), low_value=0, high_value=1 ) var = bisection_result["level"] print("Estimated Value at Risk: %2d" % var) print("Exact Value at Risk: %2d" % exact_var) print("Estimated Probability: %.3f" % bisection_result["value"]) print("Exact Probability: %.3f" % cdf[exact_var]) # define linear objective breakpoints = [0, var] slopes = [0, 1] offsets = [0, 0] # subtract VaR and add it later to the estimate f_min = 0 f_max = 3 - var c_approx = 0.25 cvar_objective = LinearAmplitudeFunction( agg.num_sum_qubits, slopes, offsets, domain=(0, 2**agg.num_sum_qubits - 1), image=(f_min, f_max), rescaling_factor=c_approx, breakpoints=breakpoints, ) cvar_objective.draw() # define the registers for convenience and readability qr_state = QuantumRegister(u.num_qubits, "state") qr_sum = QuantumRegister(agg.num_sum_qubits, "sum") qr_carry = QuantumRegister(agg.num_carry_qubits, "carry") qr_obj = QuantumRegister(1, "objective") qr_work = QuantumRegister(cvar_objective.num_ancillas - len(qr_carry), "work") # define the circuit state_preparation = QuantumCircuit(qr_state, qr_obj, qr_sum, qr_carry, qr_work, name="A") # load the random variable state_preparation.append(u, qr_state) # aggregate state_preparation.append(agg, qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) # linear objective function state_preparation.append(cvar_objective, qr_sum[:] + qr_obj[:] + qr_carry[:] + qr_work[:]) # uncompute aggregation state_preparation.append(agg.inverse(), qr_state[:] + qr_sum[:] + qr_carry[:]) state_preparation_measure = state_preparation.measure_all(inplace=False) sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(state_preparation_measure) binary_probabilities = job.result().quasi_dists[0].binary_probabilities() # evaluate the result value = 0 for i, prob in binary_probabilities.items(): if prob > 1e-6 and i[-(len(qr_state) + 1)] == "1": value += prob # normalize and add VaR to estimate value = cvar_objective.post_processing(value) d = 1.0 - bisection_result["value"] v = value / d if d != 0 else 0 normalized_value = v + var print("Estimated CVaR: %.4f" % normalized_value) print("Exact CVaR: %.4f" % exact_cvar) # set target precision and confidence level epsilon = 0.01 alpha = 0.05 problem = EstimationProblem( state_preparation=state_preparation, objective_qubits=[len(qr_state)], post_processing=cvar_objective.post_processing, ) # construct amplitude estimation ae_cvar = IterativeAmplitudeEstimation( epsilon_target=epsilon, alpha=alpha, sampler=Sampler(run_options={"shots": 100}) ) result_cvar = ae_cvar.estimate(problem) # print results d = 1.0 - bisection_result["value"] v = result_cvar.estimation_processed / d if d != 0 else 0 print("Exact CVaR: \t%.4f" % exact_cvar) print("Estimated CVaR:\t%.4f" % (v + var)) import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit qr = QuantumRegister(3, 'q') anc = QuantumRegister(1, 'ancilla') cr = ClassicalRegister(3, 'c') qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, anc, cr) qc.x(anc[0]) qc.h(anc[0]) qc.h(qr[0:3]) qc.cx(qr[0:3], anc[0]) qc.h(qr[0:3]) qc.barrier(qr) qc.measure(qr, cr) qc.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/NicoGiamm/Quantum_computing
NicoGiamm
import cirq import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer import seaborn as sns import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (15,10) q0, q1, q2 = [cirq.LineQubit(i) for i in range(3)] circuit = cirq.Circuit() #entagling the 2 quibits in different laboratories #and preparing the qubit to send circuit.append(cirq.H(q0)) circuit.append(cirq.H(q1)) circuit.append(cirq.CNOT(q1, q2)) #entangling the qubit we want to send to the one in the first laboratory circuit.append(cirq.CNOT(q0, q1)) circuit.append(cirq.H(q0)) #measurements circuit.append(cirq.measure(q0, q1)) #last transformations to obtain the qubit information circuit.append(cirq.CNOT(q1, q2)) circuit.append(cirq.CZ(q0, q2)) #measure of the qubit in the receiving laboratory along z axis circuit.append(cirq.measure(q2, key = 'Z')) circuit #starting simulation sim = cirq.Simulator() results = sim.run(circuit, repetitions=100) sns.histplot(results.measurements['Z'], discrete = True) 100 - np.count_nonzero(results.measurements['Z']), np.count_nonzero(results.measurements['Z']) #in qiskit the qubits are integrated in the circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) #entangling qc.h(0) qc.h(1) qc.cx(1, 2) qc.cx(0, 1) #setting for measurment qc.h(0) qc.measure([0,1], [0,0]) #transformation to obtain qubit sent qc.cx(1, 2) qc.cz(0, 2) qc.measure(2, 0) print(qc) #simulation simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(qc, simulator, shots=100) res = job.result().get_counts(qc) plt.bar(res.keys(), res.values()) res
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister from qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuitdata import CircuitInstruction from qiskit.circuit import Measure from qiskit.circuit.library import HGate, CXGate qr = QuantumRegister(2) cr = ClassicalRegister(2) instructions = [ CircuitInstruction(HGate(), [qr[0]], []), CircuitInstruction(CXGate(), [qr[0], qr[1]], []), CircuitInstruction(Measure(), [qr[0]], [cr[0]]), CircuitInstruction(Measure(), [qr[1]], [cr[1]]), ] circuit = QuantumCircuit.from_instructions(instructions) circuit.draw("mpl")
https://github.com/2lambda123/Qiskit-qiskit
2lambda123
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """ Example use of the initialize gate to prepare arbitrary pure states. """ import math from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, execute, BasicAer ############################################################### # Make a quantum circuit for state initialization. ############################################################### circuit = QuantumCircuit(4, 4, name="initializer_circ") desired_vector = [ 1 / math.sqrt(4) * complex(0, 1), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(0, 1), 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 / math.sqrt(4) * complex(1, 0), 1 / math.sqrt(8) * complex(1, 0), ] circuit.initialize(desired_vector, [0, 1, 2, 3]) circuit.measure([0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 2, 3]) print(circuit) ############################################################### # Execute on a simulator backend. ############################################################### shots = 10000 # Desired vector print("Desired probabilities: ") print([format(abs(x * x), ".3f") for x in desired_vector]) # Initialize on local simulator sim_backend = BasicAer.get_backend("qasm_simulator") job = execute(circuit, sim_backend, shots=shots) result = job.result() counts = result.get_counts(circuit) qubit_strings = [format(i, "04b") for i in range(2**4)] print("Probabilities from simulator: ") print([format(counts.get(s, 0) / shots, ".3f") for s in qubit_strings])
https://github.com/swe-bench/Qiskit__qiskit
swe-bench
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2019. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Tests for Stinespring quantum channel representation class.""" import copy import unittest import numpy as np from numpy.testing import assert_allclose from qiskit import QiskitError from qiskit.quantum_info.states import DensityMatrix from qiskit.quantum_info import Stinespring from .channel_test_case import ChannelTestCase class TestStinespring(ChannelTestCase): """Tests for Stinespring channel representation.""" def test_init(self): """Test initialization""" # Initialize from unitary chan = Stinespring(self.UI) assert_allclose(chan.data, self.UI) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(chan.num_qubits, 1) # Initialize from Stinespring chan = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.5)) assert_allclose(chan.data, self.depol_stine(0.5)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(chan.num_qubits, 1) # Initialize from Non-CPTP stine_l, stine_r = self.rand_matrix(4, 2), self.rand_matrix(4, 2) chan = Stinespring((stine_l, stine_r)) assert_allclose(chan.data, (stine_l, stine_r)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(chan.num_qubits, 1) # Initialize with redundant second op chan = Stinespring((stine_l, stine_l)) assert_allclose(chan.data, stine_l) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(chan.num_qubits, 1) # Wrong input or output dims should raise exception self.assertRaises(QiskitError, Stinespring, stine_l, input_dims=4, output_dims=4) def test_circuit_init(self): """Test initialization from a circuit.""" circuit, target = self.simple_circuit_no_measure() op = Stinespring(circuit) target = Stinespring(target) self.assertEqual(op, target) def test_circuit_init_except(self): """Test initialization from circuit with measure raises exception.""" circuit = self.simple_circuit_with_measure() self.assertRaises(QiskitError, Stinespring, circuit) def test_equal(self): """Test __eq__ method""" stine = tuple(self.rand_matrix(4, 2) for _ in range(2)) self.assertEqual(Stinespring(stine), Stinespring(stine)) def test_copy(self): """Test copy method""" mat = np.eye(4) with self.subTest("Deep copy"): orig = Stinespring(mat) cpy = orig.copy() cpy._data[0][0, 0] = 0.0 self.assertFalse(cpy == orig) with self.subTest("Shallow copy"): orig = Stinespring(mat) clone = copy.copy(orig) clone._data[0][0, 0] = 0.0 self.assertTrue(clone == orig) def test_clone(self): """Test clone method""" mat = np.eye(4) orig = Stinespring(mat) clone = copy.copy(orig) clone._data[0][0, 0] = 0.0 self.assertTrue(clone == orig) def test_is_cptp(self): """Test is_cptp method.""" self.assertTrue(Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.5)).is_cptp()) self.assertTrue(Stinespring(self.UX).is_cptp()) # Non-CP stine_l, stine_r = self.rand_matrix(4, 2), self.rand_matrix(4, 2) self.assertFalse(Stinespring((stine_l, stine_r)).is_cptp()) self.assertFalse(Stinespring(self.UI + self.UX).is_cptp()) def test_conjugate(self): """Test conjugate method.""" stine_l, stine_r = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(16, 2) # Single Stinespring list targ = Stinespring(stine_l.conj(), output_dims=4) chan1 = Stinespring(stine_l, output_dims=4) chan = chan1.conjugate() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 4)) # Double Stinespring list targ = Stinespring((stine_l.conj(), stine_r.conj()), output_dims=4) chan1 = Stinespring((stine_l, stine_r), output_dims=4) chan = chan1.conjugate() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 4)) def test_transpose(self): """Test transpose method.""" stine_l, stine_r = self.rand_matrix(4, 2), self.rand_matrix(4, 2) # Single square Stinespring list targ = Stinespring(stine_l.T, 4, 2) chan1 = Stinespring(stine_l, 2, 4) chan = chan1.transpose() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 2)) # Double square Stinespring list targ = Stinespring((stine_l.T, stine_r.T), 4, 2) chan1 = Stinespring((stine_l, stine_r), 2, 4) chan = chan1.transpose() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 2)) def test_adjoint(self): """Test adjoint method.""" stine_l, stine_r = self.rand_matrix(4, 2), self.rand_matrix(4, 2) # Single square Stinespring list targ = Stinespring(stine_l.T.conj(), 4, 2) chan1 = Stinespring(stine_l, 2, 4) chan = chan1.adjoint() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 2)) # Double square Stinespring list targ = Stinespring((stine_l.T.conj(), stine_r.T.conj()), 4, 2) chan1 = Stinespring((stine_l, stine_r), 2, 4) chan = chan1.adjoint() self.assertEqual(chan, targ) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 2)) def test_compose_except(self): """Test compose different dimension exception""" self.assertRaises(QiskitError, Stinespring(np.eye(2)).compose, Stinespring(np.eye(4))) self.assertRaises(QiskitError, Stinespring(np.eye(2)).compose, 2) def test_compose(self): """Test compose method.""" # Random input test state rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) # UnitaryChannel evolution chan1 = Stinespring(self.UX) chan2 = Stinespring(self.UY) chan = chan1.compose(chan2) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.UZ) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # 50% depolarizing channel chan1 = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.5)) chan = chan1.compose(chan1) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.75)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Compose different dimensions stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(8, 4) chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) chan2 = Stinespring(stine2, input_dims=4, output_dims=2) rho_targ = rho_init & chan1 & chan2 chan = chan1.compose(chan2) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) chan = chan1 & chan2 self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_dot(self): """Test deprecated front compose method.""" # Random input test state rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) # UnitaryChannel evolution chan1 = Stinespring(self.UX) chan2 = Stinespring(self.UY) rho_targ = rho_init.evolve(Stinespring(self.UZ)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan1.dot(chan2)), rho_targ) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan1 @ chan2), rho_targ) # 50% depolarizing channel chan1 = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.5)) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.75)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan1.dot(chan1)), rho_targ) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan1 @ chan1), rho_targ) # Compose different dimensions stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(8, 4) chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) chan2 = Stinespring(stine2, input_dims=4, output_dims=2) rho_targ = rho_init & chan1 & chan2 self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan2.dot(chan1)), rho_targ) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan2 @ chan1), rho_targ) def test_compose_front(self): """Test deprecated front compose method.""" # Random input test state rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) # UnitaryChannel evolution chan1 = Stinespring(self.UX) chan2 = Stinespring(self.UY) chan = chan1.compose(chan2, front=True) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.UZ) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # 50% depolarizing channel chan1 = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.5)) chan = chan1.compose(chan1, front=True) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.depol_stine(0.75)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Compose different dimensions stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(8, 4) chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) chan2 = Stinespring(stine2, input_dims=4, output_dims=2) rho_targ = rho_init & chan1 & chan2 chan = chan2.compose(chan1, front=True) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (2, 2)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_expand(self): """Test expand method.""" rho0, rho1 = np.diag([1, 0]), np.diag([0, 1]) rho_init = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho0, rho0)) chan1 = Stinespring(self.UI) chan2 = Stinespring(self.UX) # X \otimes I chan = chan1.expand(chan2) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho1, rho0)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # I \otimes X chan = chan2.expand(chan1) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho0, rho1)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Completely depolarizing chan_dep = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1)) chan = chan_dep.expand(chan_dep) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.diag([1, 1, 1, 1]) / 4) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_tensor(self): """Test tensor method.""" rho0, rho1 = np.diag([1, 0]), np.diag([0, 1]) rho_init = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho0, rho0)) chan1 = Stinespring(self.UI) chan2 = Stinespring(self.UX) # X \otimes I chan = chan2.tensor(chan1) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho1, rho0)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # I \otimes X chan = chan1.tensor(chan2) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.kron(rho0, rho1)) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Completely depolarizing chan_dep = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1)) chan = chan_dep.tensor(chan_dep) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.diag([1, 1, 1, 1]) / 4) self.assertEqual(chan.dim, (4, 4)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_power(self): """Test power method.""" # 10% depolarizing channel rho_init = DensityMatrix(np.diag([1, 0])) p_id = 0.9 chan1 = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1 - p_id)) # Compose 3 times p_id3 = p_id**3 chan = chan1.power(3) rho_targ = rho_init & chan1 & chan1 & chan1 self.assertEqual(rho_init & chan, rho_targ) rho_targ = rho_init & Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1 - p_id3)) self.assertEqual(rho_init & chan, rho_targ) def test_add(self): """Test add method.""" # Random input test state rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(16, 2) # Random Single-Stinespring maps chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) chan2 = Stinespring(stine2, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) rho_targ = (rho_init & chan1) + (rho_init & chan2) chan = chan1._add(chan2) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) chan = chan1 + chan2 self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Random Single-Stinespring maps chan = Stinespring((stine1, stine2)) rho_targ = 2 * (rho_init & chan) chan = chan._add(chan) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_subtract(self): """Test subtract method.""" # Random input test state rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(16, 2) # Random Single-Stinespring maps chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) chan2 = Stinespring(stine2, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) rho_targ = (rho_init & chan1) - (rho_init & chan2) chan = chan1 - chan2 self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Random Single-Stinespring maps chan = Stinespring((stine1, stine2)) rho_targ = 0 * (rho_init & chan) chan = chan - chan self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_add_qargs(self): """Test add method with qargs.""" rho = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(8)) stine = self.rand_matrix(32, 8) stine0 = self.rand_matrix(8, 2) op = Stinespring(stine) op0 = Stinespring(stine0) eye = Stinespring(self.UI) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[0]"): value = op + op0([0]) target = op + eye.tensor(eye).tensor(op0) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[1]"): value = op + op0([1]) target = op + eye.tensor(op0).tensor(eye) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[2]"): value = op + op0([2]) target = op + op0.tensor(eye).tensor(eye) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) def test_sub_qargs(self): """Test sub method with qargs.""" rho = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(8)) stine = self.rand_matrix(32, 8) stine0 = self.rand_matrix(8, 2) op = Stinespring(stine) op0 = Stinespring(stine0) eye = Stinespring(self.UI) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[0]"): value = op - op0([0]) target = op - eye.tensor(eye).tensor(op0) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[1]"): value = op - op0([1]) target = op - eye.tensor(op0).tensor(eye) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) with self.subTest(msg="qargs=[2]"): value = op - op0([2]) target = op - op0.tensor(eye).tensor(eye) self.assertEqual(rho & value, rho & target) def test_multiply(self): """Test multiply method.""" # Random initial state and Stinespring ops rho_init = DensityMatrix(self.rand_rho(2)) val = 0.5 stine1, stine2 = self.rand_matrix(16, 2), self.rand_matrix(16, 2) # Single Stinespring set chan1 = Stinespring(stine1, input_dims=2, output_dims=4) rho_targ = val * (rho_init & chan1) chan = chan1._multiply(val) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) chan = val * chan1 self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) rho_targ = (rho_init & chan1) * val chan = chan1 * val self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) # Double Stinespring set chan2 = Stinespring((stine1, stine2), input_dims=2, output_dims=4) rho_targ = val * (rho_init & chan2) chan = chan2._multiply(val) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) chan = val * chan2 self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) def test_multiply_except(self): """Test multiply method raises exceptions.""" chan = Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1)) self.assertRaises(QiskitError, chan._multiply, "s") self.assertRaises(QiskitError, chan.__rmul__, "s") self.assertRaises(QiskitError, chan._multiply, chan) self.assertRaises(QiskitError, chan.__rmul__, chan) def test_negate(self): """Test negate method""" rho_init = DensityMatrix(np.diag([1, 0])) rho_targ = DensityMatrix(np.diag([-0.5, -0.5])) chan = -Stinespring(self.depol_stine(1)) self.assertEqual(rho_init.evolve(chan), rho_targ) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/shesha-raghunathan/DATE2019-qiskit-tutorial
shesha-raghunathan
# import all necessary objects and methods for quantum circuits from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit, execute, Aer from qiskit.tools.visualization import matplotlib_circuit_drawer as drawer all_pairs = ['00','01','10','11'] for pair in all_pairs: # # your code is here #
https://github.com/jakelishman/qiskit-qasm2
jakelishman
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2023 # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. # pylint: disable=missing-module-docstring,missing-class-docstring,missing-function-docstring import io import math import os import pathlib import pickle import shutil import tempfile import unittest import ddt import qiskit.qasm2 from qiskit import qpy from qiskit.circuit import ( ClassicalRegister, Gate, Parameter, QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, Qubit, library as lib, ) from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from . import gate_builder class TestEmpty(QiskitTestCase): def test_allows_empty(self): self.assertEqual(qiskit.qasm2.loads(""), QuantumCircuit()) class TestVersion(QiskitTestCase): def test_complete_version(self): program = "OPENQASM 2.0;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) self.assertEqual(parsed, QuantumCircuit()) def test_incomplete_version(self): program = "OPENQASM 2;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) self.assertEqual(parsed, QuantumCircuit()) def test_after_comment(self): program = """ // hello, world OPENQASM 2.0; qreg q[2]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestRegisters(QiskitTestCase): def test_qreg(self): program = "qreg q1[2]; qreg q2[1]; qreg q3[4];" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) regs = [QuantumRegister(2, "q1"), QuantumRegister(1, "q2"), QuantumRegister(4, "q3")] self.assertEqual(list(parsed.qregs), regs) self.assertEqual(list(parsed.cregs), []) def test_creg(self): program = "creg c1[2]; creg c2[1]; creg c3[4];" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) regs = [ClassicalRegister(2, "c1"), ClassicalRegister(1, "c2"), ClassicalRegister(4, "c3")] self.assertEqual(list(parsed.cregs), regs) self.assertEqual(list(parsed.qregs), []) def test_interleaved_registers(self): program = "qreg q1[3]; creg c1[2]; qreg q2[1]; creg c2[1];" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qregs = [QuantumRegister(3, "q1"), QuantumRegister(1, "q2")] cregs = [ClassicalRegister(2, "c1"), ClassicalRegister(1, "c2")] self.assertEqual(list(parsed.qregs), qregs) self.assertEqual(list(parsed.cregs), cregs) def test_registers_after_gate(self): program = "qreg before[2]; CX before[0], before[1]; qreg after[2]; CX after[0], after[1];" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) before = QuantumRegister(2, "before") after = QuantumRegister(2, "after") qc = QuantumCircuit(before, after) qc.cx(before[0], before[1]) qc.cx(after[0], after[1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_empty_registers(self): program = "qreg q[0]; creg c[0];" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(0, "q"), ClassicalRegister(0, "c")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) @ddt.ddt class TestGateApplication(QiskitTestCase): def test_builtin_single(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; U(0, 0, 0) q[0]; CX q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.u(0, 0, 0, 0) qc.cx(0, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_builtin_1q_broadcast(self): program = "qreg q[2]; U(0, 0, 0) q;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.u(0, 0, 0, 0) qc.u(0, 0, 0, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_builtin_2q_broadcast(self): program = """ qreg q1[2]; qreg q2[2]; CX q1[0], q2; barrier; CX q1, q2[1]; barrier; CX q1, q2; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) q1 = QuantumRegister(2, "q1") q2 = QuantumRegister(2, "q2") qc = QuantumCircuit(q1, q2) qc.cx(q1[0], q2[0]) qc.cx(q1[0], q2[1]) qc.barrier() qc.cx(q1[0], q2[1]) qc.cx(q1[1], q2[1]) qc.barrier() qc.cx(q1[0], q2[0]) qc.cx(q1[1], q2[1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_3q_broadcast(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q1[2]; qreg q2[2]; qreg q3[2]; ccx q1, q2[0], q3[1]; ccx q1[1], q2, q3[0]; ccx q1[0], q2[1], q3; barrier; ccx q1, q2, q3[1]; ccx q1[1], q2, q3; ccx q1, q2[1], q3; barrier; ccx q1, q2, q3; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) q1 = QuantumRegister(2, "q1") q2 = QuantumRegister(2, "q2") q3 = QuantumRegister(2, "q3") qc = QuantumCircuit(q1, q2, q3) qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[0], q3[1]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[0], q3[1]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[0], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[1], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[1], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[1], q3[1]) qc.barrier() qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[0], q3[1]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[1], q3[1]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[0], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[1], q3[1]) qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[1], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[1], q3[1]) qc.barrier() qc.ccx(q1[0], q2[0], q3[0]) qc.ccx(q1[1], q2[1], q3[1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) @ddt.data(True, False) def test_broadcast_against_empty_register(self, conditioned): cond = "if (cond == 0) " if conditioned else "" program = f""" OPENQASM 2; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q1[1]; qreg q2[1]; qreg empty1[0]; qreg empty2[0]; qreg empty3[0]; creg cond[1]; // None of the following statements should produce any gate applications. {cond}h empty1; {cond}cx q1[0], empty1; {cond}cx empty1, q2[0]; {cond}cx empty1, empty2; {cond}ccx empty1, q1[0], q2[0]; {cond}ccx q1[0], empty2, q2[0]; {cond}ccx q1[0], q2[0], empty3; {cond}ccx empty1, empty2, q1[0]; {cond}ccx empty1, q1[0], empty2; {cond}ccx q1[0], empty1, empty2; {cond}ccx empty1, empty2, empty3; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit( QuantumRegister(1, "q1"), QuantumRegister(1, "q2"), QuantumRegister(0, "empty1"), QuantumRegister(0, "empty2"), QuantumRegister(0, "empty3"), ClassicalRegister(1, "cond"), ) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) U(0, 0, 0) q[0]; if (cond == 1) CX q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) cond = ClassicalRegister(1, "cond") qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), cond) qc.u(0, 0, 0, 0).c_if(cond, 0) qc.cx(1, 0).c_if(cond, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned_broadcast(self): program = """ qreg q1[2]; qreg q2[2]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) U(0, 0, 0) q1; if (cond == 1) CX q1[0], q2; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) cond = ClassicalRegister(1, "cond") q1 = QuantumRegister(2, "q1") q2 = QuantumRegister(2, "q2") qc = QuantumCircuit(q1, q2, cond) qc.u(0, 0, 0, q1[0]).c_if(cond, 0) qc.u(0, 0, 0, q1[1]).c_if(cond, 0) qc.cx(q1[0], q2[0]).c_if(cond, 1) qc.cx(q1[0], q2[1]).c_if(cond, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_constant_folding(self): # Most expression-related things are tested in `test_expression.py` instead. program = """ qreg q[1]; U(4 + 3 * 2 ^ 2, cos(pi) * (1 - ln(1)), 2 ^ 3 ^ 2) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.u(16.0, -1.0, 512.0, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_call_defined_gate(self): program = """ gate my_gate a { U(0, 0, 0) a; } qreg q[2]; my_gate q[0]; my_gate q; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit()]) my_gate_def.u(0, 0, 0, 0) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(), [0]) qc.append(my_gate(), [0]) qc.append(my_gate(), [1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_parameterless_gates_accept_parentheses(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; CX q[0], q[1]; CX() q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.cx(0, 1) qc.cx(1, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestGateDefinition(QiskitTestCase): def test_simple_definition(self): program = """ gate not_bell a, b { U(0, 0, 0) a; CX a, b; } qreg q[2]; not_bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) not_bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) not_bell_def.u(0, 0, 0, 0) not_bell_def.cx(0, 1) not_bell = gate_builder("not_bell", [], not_bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(not_bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned(self): program = """ gate not_bell a, b { U(0, 0, 0) a; CX a, b; } qreg q[2]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) not_bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) not_bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) not_bell_def.u(0, 0, 0, 0) not_bell_def.cx(0, 1) not_bell = gate_builder("not_bell", [], not_bell_def) cond = ClassicalRegister(1, "cond") qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), cond) qc.append(not_bell().c_if(cond, 0), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_constant_folding_in_definition(self): program = """ gate bell a, b { U(pi/2, 0, pi) a; CX a, b; } qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.u(math.pi / 2, 0, math.pi, 0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_parameterised_gate(self): # Most of the tests of deep parameter expressions are in `test_expression.py`. program = """ gate my_gate(a, b) c { U(a, b, a + 2 * b) c; } qreg q[1]; my_gate(0.25, 0.5) q[0]; my_gate(0.5, 0.25) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) a, b = Parameter("a"), Parameter("b") my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit()]) my_gate_def.u(a, b, a + 2 * b, 0) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [a, b], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(0.25, 0.5), [0]) qc.append(my_gate(0.5, 0.25), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) # Also check the decomposition has come out exactly as expected. The floating-point # assertions are safe as exact equality checks because there are no lossy operations with # these parameters, and the answer should be exact. decomposed = qc.decompose() self.assertEqual(decomposed.data[0].operation.name, "u") self.assertEqual(list(decomposed.data[0].operation.params), [0.25, 0.5, 1.25]) self.assertEqual(decomposed.data[1].operation.name, "u") self.assertEqual(list(decomposed.data[1].operation.params), [0.5, 0.25, 1.0]) def test_parameterless_gate_with_parentheses(self): program = """ gate my_gate() a { U(0, 0, 0) a; } qreg q[1]; my_gate q[0]; my_gate() q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit()]) my_gate_def.u(0, 0, 0, 0) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(), [0]) qc.append(my_gate(), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_access_includes_in_definition(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate bell a, b { h a; cx a, b; } qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.h(0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_access_previous_defined_gate(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate bell a, b { h a; cx a, b; } gate second_bell a, b { bell b, a; } qreg q[2]; second_bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.h(0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) second_bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) second_bell_def.append(bell(), [1, 0]) second_bell = gate_builder("second_bell", [], second_bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(second_bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_qubits_lookup_differently_to_gates(self): # The spec is somewhat unclear on this, and this leads to super weird text, but it's # technically unambiguously resolvable and this is more permissive. program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate bell h, cx { h h; cx h, cx; } qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.h(0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_parameters_lookup_differently_to_gates(self): # The spec is somewhat unclear on this, and this leads to super weird text, but it's # technically unambiguously resolvable and this is more permissive. program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate shadow(rx, rz) a { rz(rz) a; rx(rx) a; } qreg q[1]; shadow(0.5, 2.0) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) rx, rz = Parameter("rx"), Parameter("rz") shadow_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit()]) shadow_def.rz(rz, 0) shadow_def.rx(rx, 0) shadow = gate_builder("shadow", [rx, rz], shadow_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(shadow(0.5, 2.0), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_unused_parameters_convert_correctly(self): # The main risk here is that there might be lazy application in the gate definition # bindings, and we might accidentally try and bind parameters that aren't actually in the # definition. program = """ gate my_gate(p) q { U(0, 0, 0) q; } qreg q[1]; my_gate(0.5) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) # No top-level circuit equality test here, because all the internals of gate application are # an implementation detail, and we don't want to tie the tests and implementation together # too closely. self.assertEqual(list(parsed.qregs), [QuantumRegister(1, "q")]) self.assertEqual(list(parsed.cregs), []) self.assertEqual(len(parsed.data), 1) self.assertEqual(parsed.data[0].qubits, (parsed.qubits[0],)) self.assertEqual(parsed.data[0].clbits, ()) self.assertEqual(parsed.data[0].operation.name, "my_gate") self.assertEqual(list(parsed.data[0].operation.params), [0.5]) decomposed = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) decomposed.u(0, 0, 0, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed.decompose(), decomposed) def test_qubit_barrier_in_definition(self): program = """ gate my_gate a, b { barrier a; barrier b; barrier a, b; } qreg q[2]; my_gate q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate_def.barrier(0) my_gate_def.barrier(1) my_gate_def.barrier([0, 1]) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_bare_barrier_in_definition(self): program = """ gate my_gate a, b { barrier; } qreg q[2]; my_gate q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate_def.barrier(my_gate_def.qubits) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_duplicate_barrier_in_definition(self): program = """ gate my_gate a, b { barrier a, a; barrier b, a, b; } qreg q[2]; my_gate q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate_def.barrier(0) my_gate_def.barrier([1, 0]) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_pickleable(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate my_gate(a) b, c { rz(2 * a) b; h b; cx b, c; } qreg q[2]; my_gate(0.5) q[0], q[1]; my_gate(0.25) q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) a = Parameter("a") my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate_def.rz(2 * a, 0) my_gate_def.h(0) my_gate_def.cx(0, 1) my_gate = gate_builder("my_gate", [a], my_gate_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(my_gate(0.25), [1, 0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) with io.BytesIO() as fptr: pickle.dump(parsed, fptr) fptr.seek(0) loaded = pickle.load(fptr) self.assertEqual(parsed, loaded) def test_qpy_single_call_roundtrip(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate my_gate(a) b, c { rz(2 * a) b; h b; cx b, c; } qreg q[2]; my_gate(0.5) q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) # QPY won't persist custom gates by design choice, so instead let us check against the # explicit form it uses. my_gate_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate_def.rz(1.0, 0) my_gate_def.h(0) my_gate_def.cx(0, 1) my_gate = Gate("my_gate", 2, [0.5]) my_gate.definition = my_gate_def qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate, [0, 1]) with io.BytesIO() as fptr: qpy.dump(parsed, fptr) fptr.seek(0) loaded = qpy.load(fptr)[0] self.assertEqual(loaded, qc) # See https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues/8941 @unittest.expectedFailure def test_qpy_double_call_roundtrip(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate my_gate(a) b, c { rz(2 * a) b; h b; cx b, c; } qreg q[2]; my_gate(0.5) q[0], q[1]; my_gate(0.25) q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) my_gate1_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate1_def.rz(1.0, 0) my_gate1_def.h(0) my_gate1_def.cx(0, 1) my_gate1 = Gate("my_gate", 2, [0.5]) my_gate1.definition = my_gate1_def my_gate2_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) my_gate2_def.rz(0.5, 0) my_gate2_def.h(0) my_gate2_def.cx(0, 1) my_gate2 = Gate("my_gate", 2, [0.25]) my_gate2.definition = my_gate2_def qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(my_gate1, [0, 1]) qc.append(my_gate2, [1, 0]) with io.BytesIO() as fptr: qpy.dump(parsed, fptr) fptr.seek(0) loaded = qpy.load(fptr)[0] self.assertEqual(loaded, qc) class TestOpaque(QiskitTestCase): def test_simple(self): program = """ opaque my_gate a; opaque my_gate2() a; qreg q[2]; my_gate q[0]; my_gate() q[1]; my_gate2 q[0]; my_gate2() q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(Gate("my_gate", 1, []), [0]) qc.append(Gate("my_gate", 1, []), [1]) qc.append(Gate("my_gate2", 1, []), [0]) qc.append(Gate("my_gate2", 1, []), [1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_parameterised(self): program = """ opaque my_gate(a, b) c, d; qreg q[2]; my_gate(0.5, 0.25) q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(Gate("my_gate", 2, [0.5, 0.25]), [1, 0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestBarrier(QiskitTestCase): def test_single_register_argument(self): program = """ qreg first[3]; qreg second[3]; barrier first; barrier second; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) first = QuantumRegister(3, "first") second = QuantumRegister(3, "second") qc = QuantumCircuit(first, second) qc.barrier(first) qc.barrier(second) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_single_qubit_argument(self): program = """ qreg first[3]; qreg second[3]; barrier first[1]; barrier second[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) first = QuantumRegister(3, "first") second = QuantumRegister(3, "second") qc = QuantumCircuit(first, second) qc.barrier(first[1]) qc.barrier(second[0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_empty_circuit_empty_arguments(self): program = "barrier;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit() self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_one_register_circuit_empty_arguments(self): program = "qreg q1[2]; barrier;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q1")) qc.barrier(qc.qubits) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_multi_register_circuit_empty_arguments(self): program = "qreg q1[2]; qreg q2[3]; qreg q3[1]; barrier;" parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit( QuantumRegister(2, "q1"), QuantumRegister(3, "q2"), QuantumRegister(1, "q3") ) qc.barrier(qc.qubits) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_include_empty_register(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; qreg empty[0]; barrier empty; barrier q, empty; barrier; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) q = QuantumRegister(2, "q") qc = QuantumCircuit(q, QuantumRegister(0, "empty")) qc.barrier(q) qc.barrier(qc.qubits) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_allows_duplicate_arguments(self): # There's nothing in the paper that implies this should be forbidden. program = """ qreg q1[3]; qreg q2[2]; barrier q1, q1; barrier q1[0], q1; barrier q1, q1[0]; barrier q1, q2, q1; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) q1 = QuantumRegister(3, "q1") q2 = QuantumRegister(2, "q2") qc = QuantumCircuit(q1, q2) qc.barrier(q1) qc.barrier(q1) qc.barrier(q1) qc.barrier(q1, q2) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestMeasure(QiskitTestCase): def test_single(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; creg c[1]; measure q[0] -> c[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q"), ClassicalRegister(1, "c")) qc.measure(0, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_broadcast(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; creg c[2]; measure q -> c; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "c")) qc.measure(0, 0) qc.measure(1, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; creg c[2]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) measure q[0] -> c[0]; if (cond == 1) measure q -> c; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) cond = ClassicalRegister(1, "cond") qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "c"), cond) qc.measure(0, 0).c_if(cond, 0) qc.measure(0, 0).c_if(cond, 1) qc.measure(1, 1).c_if(cond, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_broadcast_against_empty_register(self): program = """ qreg q_empty[0]; creg c_empty[0]; measure q_empty -> c_empty; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(0, "q_empty"), ClassicalRegister(0, "c_empty")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned_broadcast_against_empty_register(self): program = """ qreg q_empty[0]; creg c_empty[0]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) measure q_empty -> c_empty; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit( QuantumRegister(0, "q_empty"), ClassicalRegister(0, "c_empty"), ClassicalRegister(1, "cond"), ) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestReset(QiskitTestCase): def test_single(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; reset q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.reset(0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_broadcast(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; reset q; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.reset(0) qc.reset(1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) reset q[0]; if (cond == 1) reset q; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) cond = ClassicalRegister(1, "cond") qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), cond) qc.reset(0).c_if(cond, 0) qc.reset(0).c_if(cond, 1) qc.reset(1).c_if(cond, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_broadcast_against_empty_register(self): program = """ qreg empty[0]; reset empty; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(0, "empty")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_conditioned_broadcast_against_empty_register(self): program = """ qreg empty[0]; creg cond[1]; if (cond == 0) reset empty; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(0, "empty"), ClassicalRegister(1, "cond")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestInclude(QiskitTestCase): def setUp(self): super().setUp() self.tmp_dir = pathlib.Path(tempfile.mkdtemp()) def tearDown(self): # Doesn't really matter if the removal fails, since this was a tempdir anyway; it'll get # cleaned up by the OS at some point. shutil.rmtree(self.tmp_dir, ignore_errors=True) super().tearDown() def test_qelib1_include(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[3]; u3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0]; u2(0.5, 0.25) q[0]; u1(0.5) q[0]; cx q[0], q[1]; id q[0]; x q[0]; y q[0]; z q[0]; h q[0]; s q[0]; sdg q[0]; t q[0]; tdg q[0]; rx(0.5) q[0]; ry(0.5) q[0]; rz(0.5) q[0]; cz q[0], q[1]; cy q[0], q[1]; ch q[0], q[1]; ccx q[0], q[1], q[2]; crz(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu1(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(3, "q")) qc.append(lib.U3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) qc.append(lib.U2Gate(0.5, 0.25), [0]) qc.append(lib.U1Gate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CXGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.UGate(0, 0, 0), [0]) # Stand-in for id. qc.append(lib.XGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.YGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.ZGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.HGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.RXGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RYGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RZGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CZGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CYGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CHGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CCXGate(), [0, 1, 2]) qc.append(lib.CRZGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU1Gate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_qelib1_after_gate_definition(self): program = """ gate bell a, b { U(pi/2, 0, pi) a; CX a, b; } include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; rx(0.5) q[0]; bell q[1], q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.u(math.pi / 2, 0, math.pi, 0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) qc.rx(0.5, 0) qc.append(bell(), [1, 0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_include_can_define_version(self): include = """ OPENQASM 2.0; qreg inner_q[2]; """ with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(include) program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "include.qasm"; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, include_path=(self.tmp_dir,)) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "inner_q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_define_gates(self): include = """ gate bell a, b { h a; cx a, b; } """ with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(include) program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; include "include.qasm"; qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, include_path=(self.tmp_dir,)) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.h(0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_nested_include(self): inner = "creg c[2];" with open(self.tmp_dir / "inner.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(inner) outer = """ qreg q[2]; include "inner.qasm"; """ with open(self.tmp_dir / "outer.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(outer) program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "outer.qasm"; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, include_path=(self.tmp_dir,)) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q"), ClassicalRegister(2, "c")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_first_hit_is_used(self): empty = self.tmp_dir / "empty" empty.mkdir() first = self.tmp_dir / "first" first.mkdir() with open(first / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[1];") second = self.tmp_dir / "second" second.mkdir() with open(second / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[2];") program = 'include "include.qasm";' parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, include_path=(empty, first, second)) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_qelib1_ignores_search_path(self): with open(self.tmp_dir / "qelib1.inc", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg not_used[2];") program = 'include "qelib1.inc";' parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, include_path=(self.tmp_dir,)) qc = QuantumCircuit() self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_include_from_current_directory(self): include = """ qreg q[2]; """ with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(include) program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "include.qasm"; """ prevdir = os.getcwd() os.chdir(self.tmp_dir) try: parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) finally: os.chdir(prevdir) def test_load_searches_source_directory(self): with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[2];") program = 'include "include.qasm";' with open(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(program) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.load(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm") qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_load_searches_source_directory_last(self): first = self.tmp_dir / "first" first.mkdir() with open(first / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[2];") with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg not_used[2];") program = 'include "include.qasm";' with open(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(program) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.load(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", include_path=(first,)) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_load_searches_source_directory_prepend(self): first = self.tmp_dir / "first" first.mkdir() with open(first / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg not_used[2];") with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[2];") program = 'include "include.qasm";' with open(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(program) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.load( self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", include_path=(first,), include_input_directory="prepend" ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_load_can_ignore_source_directory(self): with open(self.tmp_dir / "include.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write("qreg q[2];") program = 'include "include.qasm";' with open(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", "w") as fp: fp.write(program) with self.assertRaisesRegex(qiskit.qasm2.QASM2ParseError, "unable to find 'include.qasm'"): qiskit.qasm2.load(self.tmp_dir / "program.qasm", include_input_directory=None) @ddt.ddt class TestCustomInstructions(QiskitTestCase): def test_qelib1_include_overridden(self): program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[3]; u3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0]; u2(0.5, 0.25) q[0]; u1(0.5) q[0]; cx q[0], q[1]; id q[0]; x q[0]; y q[0]; z q[0]; h q[0]; s q[0]; sdg q[0]; t q[0]; tdg q[0]; rx(0.5) q[0]; ry(0.5) q[0]; rz(0.5) q[0]; cz q[0], q[1]; cy q[0], q[1]; ch q[0], q[1]; ccx q[0], q[1], q[2]; crz(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu1(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(3, "q")) qc.append(lib.U3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) qc.append(lib.U2Gate(0.5, 0.25), [0]) qc.append(lib.U1Gate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CXGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.IGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.XGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.YGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.ZGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.HGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.RXGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RYGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RZGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CZGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CYGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CHGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CCXGate(), [0, 1, 2]) qc.append(lib.CRZGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU1Gate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) # Also test that the output matches what Qiskit puts out. from_qiskit = QuantumCircuit.from_qasm_str(program) self.assertEqual(parsed, from_qiskit) def test_qelib1_sparse_overrides(self): """Test that the qelib1 special import still works as expected when a couple of gates in the middle of it are custom. As long as qelib1 is handled specially, there is a risk that this handling will break in weird ways when custom instructions overlap it.""" program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[3]; u3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0]; u2(0.5, 0.25) q[0]; u1(0.5) q[0]; cx q[0], q[1]; id q[0]; x q[0]; y q[0]; z q[0]; h q[0]; s q[0]; sdg q[0]; t q[0]; tdg q[0]; rx(0.5) q[0]; ry(0.5) q[0]; rz(0.5) q[0]; cz q[0], q[1]; cy q[0], q[1]; ch q[0], q[1]; ccx q[0], q[1], q[2]; crz(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu1(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cu3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("id", 0, 1, lib.IGate), qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("h", 0, 1, lib.HGate), qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("crz", 1, 2, lib.CRZGate), ], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(3, "q")) qc.append(lib.U3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) qc.append(lib.U2Gate(0.5, 0.25), [0]) qc.append(lib.U1Gate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CXGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.IGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.XGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.YGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.ZGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.HGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.TdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.RXGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RYGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.RZGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.CZGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CYGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CHGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CCXGate(), [0, 1, 2]) qc.append(lib.CRZGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU1Gate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CU3Gate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_user_gate_after_overidden_qelib1(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[1]; opaque my_gate q; my_gate q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(Gate("my_gate", 1, []), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_qiskit_extra_builtins(self): program = """ qreg q[5]; u(0.5 ,0.25, 0.125) q[0]; p(0.5) q[0]; sx q[0]; sxdg q[0]; swap q[0], q[1]; cswap q[0], q[1], q[2]; crx(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cry(0.5) q[0], q[1]; cp(0.5) q[0], q[1]; csx q[0], q[1]; cu(0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625) q[0], q[1]; rxx(0.5) q[0], q[1]; rzz(0.5) q[0], q[1]; rccx q[0], q[1], q[2]; rc3x q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3]; c3x q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3]; c3sqrtx q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3]; c4x q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3], q[4]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(5, "q")) qc.append(lib.UGate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) qc.append(lib.PhaseGate(0.5), [0]) qc.append(lib.SXGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SXdgGate(), [0]) qc.append(lib.SwapGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CSwapGate(), [0, 1, 2]) qc.append(lib.CRXGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CRYGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CPhaseGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CSXGate(), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.CUGate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.RXXGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.RZZGate(0.5), [0, 1]) qc.append(lib.RCCXGate(), [0, 1, 2]) qc.append(lib.RC3XGate(), [0, 1, 2, 3]) qc.append(lib.C3XGate(), [0, 1, 2, 3]) qc.append(lib.C3SXGate(), [0, 1, 2, 3]) qc.append(lib.C4XGate(), [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) # There's also the 'u0' gate, but this is weird so we don't wildly care what its definition # is and it has no Qiskit equivalent, so we'll just test that it using it doesn't produce an # error. parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( "qreg q[1]; u0(1) q[0];", custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) self.assertEqual(parsed.data[0].operation.name, "u0") def test_qiskit_override_delay_opaque(self): program = """ opaque delay(t) q; qreg q[1]; delay(1) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.delay(1, 0, unit="dt") self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_qiskit_override_u0_opaque(self): program = """ opaque u0(n) q; qreg q[1]; u0(2) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.id(0) qc.id(0) self.assertEqual(parsed.decompose(), qc) def test_can_override_u(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; U(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a, b, c): super().__init__("u", 1, [a, b, c]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("U", 3, 1, MyGate, builtin=True)], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_override_cx(self): program = """ qreg q[2]; CX q[0], q[1]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self): super().__init__("cx", 2, []) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("CX", 0, 2, MyGate, builtin=True)], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) @ddt.data(lambda x: x, reversed) def test_can_override_both_builtins_with_other_gates(self, order): program = """ gate unimportant q {} qreg q[2]; U(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0]; CX q[0], q[1]; """ class MyUGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a, b, c): super().__init__("u", 1, [a, b, c]) class MyCXGate(Gate): def __init__(self): super().__init__("cx", 2, []) custom = [ qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("unused", 0, 1, lambda: Gate("unused", 1, [])), qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("U", 3, 1, MyUGate, builtin=True), qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("CX", 0, 2, MyCXGate, builtin=True), ] custom = order(custom) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, custom_instructions=custom) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(MyUGate(0.5, 0.25, 0.125), [0]) qc.append(MyCXGate(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_custom_builtin_gate(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; builtin(0.5) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a): super().__init__("builtin", 1, [a]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("builtin", 1, 1, MyGate, builtin=True) ], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_define_builtin_as_gate(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; gate builtin(t) q {} builtin(0.5) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a): super().__init__("builtin", 1, [a]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("builtin", 1, 1, MyGate, builtin=True) ], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_define_builtin_as_opaque(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; opaque builtin(t) q; builtin(0.5) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a): super().__init__("builtin", 1, [a]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("builtin", 1, 1, MyGate, builtin=True) ], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_define_custom_as_gate(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; gate my_gate(t) q {} my_gate(0.5) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a): super().__init__("my_gate", 1, [a]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("my_gate", 1, 1, MyGate)] ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_can_define_custom_as_opaque(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; opaque my_gate(t) q; my_gate(0.5) q[0]; """ class MyGate(Gate): def __init__(self, a): super().__init__("my_gate", 1, [a]) parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_instructions=[qiskit.qasm2.CustomInstruction("my_gate", 1, 1, MyGate)] ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.append(MyGate(0.5), [0]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) class TestCustomClassical(QiskitTestCase): def test_qiskit_extensions(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[1]; rx(asin(0.3)) q[0]; ry(acos(0.3)) q[0]; rz(atan(0.3)) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program, custom_classical=qiskit.qasm2.LEGACY_CUSTOM_CLASSICAL) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.rx(math.asin(0.3), 0) qc.ry(math.acos(0.3), 0) qc.rz(math.atan(0.3), 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_zero_parameter_custom(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; U(f(), 0, 0) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_classical=[qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("f", 0, lambda: 0.2)] ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.u(0.2, 0, 0, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_multi_parameter_custom(self): program = """ qreg q[1]; U(f(0.2), g(0.4, 0.1), h(1, 2, 3)) q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_classical=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("f", 1, lambda x: 1 + x), qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("g", 2, math.atan2), qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("h", 3, lambda x, y, z: z - y + x), ], ) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.u(1.2, math.atan2(0.4, 0.1), 2, 0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_use_in_gate_definition(self): # pylint: disable=invalid-name program = """ gate my_gate(a, b) q { U(f(a, b), g(f(b, f(b, a))), b) q; } qreg q[1]; my_gate(0.5, 0.25) q[0]; my_gate(0.25, 0.5) q[0]; """ f = lambda x, y: x - y g = lambda x: 2 * x parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads( program, custom_classical=[ qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("f", 2, f), qiskit.qasm2.CustomClassical("g", 1, g), ], ) first_gate = parsed.data[0].operation second_gate = parsed.data[1].operation self.assertEqual(list(first_gate.params), [0.5, 0.25]) self.assertEqual(list(second_gate.params), [0.25, 0.5]) self.assertEqual( list(first_gate.definition.data[0].operation.params), [ f(0.5, 0.25), g(f(0.25, f(0.25, 0.5))), 0.25, ], ) self.assertEqual( list(second_gate.definition.data[0].operation.params), [ f(0.25, 0.5), g(f(0.5, f(0.5, 0.25))), 0.5, ], ) @ddt.ddt class TestStrict(QiskitTestCase): @ddt.data( "gate my_gate(p0, p1$) q0, q1 {}", "gate my_gate(p0, p1) q0, q1$ {}", "opaque my_gate(p0, p1$) q0, q1;", "opaque my_gate(p0, p1) q0, q1$;", 'include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2]; cu3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125$) q[0], q[1];', 'include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2]; cu3(0.5, 0.25, 0.125) q[0], q[1]$;', "qreg q[2]; barrier q[0], q[1]$;", 'include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[1]; rx(sin(pi$)) q[0];', ) def test_trailing_comma(self, program): without = qiskit.qasm2.loads("OPENQASM 2.0;\n" + program.replace("$", ""), strict=True) with_ = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program.replace("$", ","), strict=False) self.assertEqual(with_, without) def test_trailing_semicolon_after_gate(self): program = """ include "qelib1.inc"; gate bell a, b { h a; cx a, b; }; // <- the important bit of the test qreg q[2]; bell q[0], q[1]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) bell_def = QuantumCircuit([Qubit(), Qubit()]) bell_def.h(0) bell_def.cx(0, 1) bell = gate_builder("bell", [], bell_def) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.append(bell(), [0, 1]) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_empty_statement(self): # This is allowed more as a side-effect of allowing the trailing semicolon after gate # definitions. program = """ OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2]; h q[0]; ; cx q[0], q[1]; ;;;; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(2, "q")) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 1) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc) def test_single_quoted_path(self): program = """ include 'qelib1.inc'; qreg q[1]; h q[0]; """ parsed = qiskit.qasm2.loads(program) qc = QuantumCircuit(QuantumRegister(1, "q")) qc.h(0) self.assertEqual(parsed, qc)
https://github.com/suvoooo/Qubits-Qiskit
suvoooo
# !pip3 install qiskit import numpy as np import qiskit as q ### build a circuit for 3 qubits qr = q.QuantumRegister(3) circ = q.QuantumCircuit(qr) ### add the first H gate (in qiskit east significant bit has the lowest index) circ.h(qr[2]) ### add the controlled phase gate circ.cp(np.pi/2, qr[1], qr[2]) # based on qubit 1 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### add the next cp gate circ.cp(np.pi/4, qr[0], qr[2]) # based on qubit 0 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### repeat the process for qubit 1 circ.h(qr[1]) circ.cp(np.pi/2, qr[0], qr[1]) ### add the final h gate circ.h(qr[0]) ### finally swap the bits 0 th, and 2nd qubit circ.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) circ.draw() from google.colab import drive drive.mount('/content/drive') # !pip install pylatexenc path='/content/drive/My Drive/Colab Notebooks/' style = {'backgroundcolor': 'lavender', 'dpi':200, 'subfontsize':10} circ.draw('mpl', scale=0.8, style=style, filename=path+'qfouriert_3bits.png') qr = q.QuantumRegister(3) circ1 = q.QuantumCircuit(qr) ### encode the state 110 at first circ1.x(qr[2]) circ1.x(qr[1]) ### repeat what's done before ### add the first H gate (in qiskit east significant bit has the lowest index) circ1.h(qr[2]) ### add the controlled phase gate circ1.cp(np.pi/2, qr[1], qr[2]) # based on qubit 1 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### add the next cp gate circ1.cp(np.pi/4, qr[0], qr[2]) # based on qubit 0 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### repeat the process for qubit 1 circ1.h(qr[1]) circ1.cp(np.pi/2, qr[0], qr[1]) ### add the final h gate circ1.h(qr[0]) ### finally swap the bits 0 th, and 2nd qubit circ1.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) circ1.draw() circ1.save_statevector() qasm_sim = q.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') statevector = qasm_sim.run(circ1).result().get_statevector() q.visualization.plot_bloch_multivector(statevector) qr = q.QuantumRegister(3) circ2 = q.QuantumCircuit(qr) ### encode the state 101 at first circ2.x(qr[2]) circ2.x(qr[0]) ### repeat what's done before ### add the first H gate (in qiskit east significant bit has the lowest index) circ2.h(qr[2]) ### add the controlled phase gate circ2.cp(np.pi/2, qr[1], qr[2]) # based on qubit 1 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### add the next cp gate circ2.cp(np.pi/4, qr[0], qr[2]) # based on qubit 0 apply 2pi/2**(k-1) rotation to qubit 2 ### repeat the process for qubit 1 circ2.h(qr[1]) circ2.cp(np.pi/2, qr[0], qr[1]) ### add the final h gate circ2.h(qr[0]) ### finally swap the bits 0 th, and 2nd qubit circ2.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) circ2.draw() circ2.save_statevector() qasm_sim = q.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') statevector2 = qasm_sim.run(circ2).result().get_statevector() q.visualization.plot_bloch_multivector(statevector2)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
# initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt %matplotlib inline import numpy as np # importing Qiskit from qiskit import IBMQ, BasicAer from qiskit.providers.ibmq import least_busy from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister, execute # import basic plot tools from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # set the length of the $n$-bit string. n = 2 # set the oracle, b for balanced, c for constant oracle = "b" # if the oracle is balanced, set the hidden bitstring, b if oracle == "b": b = 3 # np.random.randint(1,2**n) uncomment for a random value # if the oracle is constant, set c = 0 or 1 randomly. if oracle == "c": c = np.random.randint(2) # Creating registers # n qubits for querying the oracle and one qubit for storing the answer qr = QuantumRegister(n+1) cr = ClassicalRegister(n) djCircuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) barriers = True # Since all qubits are initialized to |0>, we need to flip the second register qubit to the the |1> state djCircuit.x(qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to all qubits djCircuit.h(qr) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Query the oracle if oracle == "c": # if the oracle is constant, return c if c == 1: djCircuit.x(qr[n]) else: djCircuit.iden(qr[n]) else: # otherwise, the oracle is balanced and it returns the inner product of the input with b (non-zero bitstring) for i in range(n): if (b & (1 << i)): djCircuit.cx(qr[i], qr[n]) # Apply barrier if barriers: djCircuit.barrier() # Apply Hadamard gates to the first register after querying the oracle for i in range(n): djCircuit.h(qr[i]) # Measure the first register for i in range(n): djCircuit.measure(qr[i], cr[i]) djCircuit.draw(output='mpl') # use local simulator backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') shots = 1024 results = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots).result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) # Load our saved IBMQ accounts and get the least busy backend device with less than or equal to 5 qubits IBMQ.load_account() IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') provider.backends() backend = least_busy(provider.backends(filters=lambda x: x.configuration().n_qubits <= 5 and not x.configuration().simulator and x.status().operational==True)) print("least busy backend: ", backend) # Run our circuit on the least busy backend. Monitor the execution of the job in the queue from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor shots = 1024 job = execute(djCircuit, backend=backend, shots=shots) job_monitor(job, interval = 2) # Get the results of the computation results = job.result() answer = results.get_counts() plot_histogram(answer) qiskit.__qiskit_version__
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
import math from qiskit import pulse from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeOpenPulse3Q # TODO: This example should use a real mock backend. backend = FakeOpenPulse3Q() d2 = pulse.DriveChannel(2) with pulse.build(backend) as bell_prep: pulse.u2(0, math.pi, 0) pulse.cx(0, 1) with pulse.build(backend) as decoupled_bell_prep_and_measure: # We call our bell state preparation schedule constructed above. with pulse.align_right(): pulse.call(bell_prep) pulse.play(pulse.Constant(bell_prep.duration, 0.02), d2) pulse.barrier(0, 1, 2) registers = pulse.measure_all() decoupled_bell_prep_and_measure.draw()
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import transpile, QuantumCircuit import qiskit.quantum_info as qi from qiskit_aer import AerSimulator from qiskit_aer.noise import NoiseModel, amplitude_damping_error from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # CNOT matrix operator with qubit-0 as control and qubit-1 as target cx_op = qi.Operator([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]]) # iSWAP matrix operator iswap_op = qi.Operator([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1j, 0], [0, 1j, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]]) # CNOT in terms of iSWAP and single-qubit gates cx_circ = QuantumCircuit(2, name='cx<iSWAP>') # Add gates cx_circ.sdg(1) cx_circ.h(1) cx_circ.sdg(0) cx_circ.unitary(iswap_op, [0, 1], label='iswap') cx_circ.sdg(0) cx_circ.h(0) cx_circ.sdg(0) cx_circ.unitary(iswap_op, [0, 1], label='iswap') cx_circ.s(1) print(cx_circ) # Simulate the unitary for the circuit using Operator: unitary = qi.Operator(cx_circ) print(unitary) f_ave = qi.average_gate_fidelity(cx_op, unitary) print("Average Gate Fidelity: F = {:f}".format(f_ave)) 'unitary' in AerSimulator().configuration().basis_gates # Error parameters param_q0 = 0.05 # damping parameter for qubit-0 param_q1 = 0.1 # damping parameter for qubit-1 # Construct the error qerror_q0 = amplitude_damping_error(param_q0) qerror_q1 = amplitude_damping_error(param_q1) iswap_error = qerror_q1.tensor(qerror_q0) # Build the noise model by adding the error to the "iswap" gate noise_model = NoiseModel() noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(iswap_error, 'iswap') noise_model.add_basis_gates(['unitary']) print(noise_model.basis_gates) # Bell state circuit where iSWAPS should be inserted at barrier locations bell_circ = QuantumCircuit(2, 2, name='bell') bell_circ.h(0) bell_circ.append(cx_circ, [0, 1]) bell_circ.measure([0,1], [0,1]) print(bell_circ) # Create ideal simulator backend and transpile circuit sim_ideal = AerSimulator() tbell_circ = transpile(bell_circ, sim_ideal) ideal_result = sim_ideal.run(tbell_circ).result() ideal_counts = ideal_result.get_counts(0) plot_histogram(ideal_counts, title='Ideal output for iSWAP bell-state preparation') # Create noisy simulator and transpile circuit sim_noise = AerSimulator(noise_model=noise_model) tbell_circ_noise = transpile(bell_circ, sim_noise) # Run on the simulator without noise noise_result = sim_noise.run(tbell_circ_noise).result() noise_counts = noise_result.get_counts(bell_circ) plot_histogram(noise_counts, title='Noisy output for iSWAP bell-state preparation') import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-alt
qiskit-community
import subprocess import shutil import os # Include these lines if we run all files in one process import qiskit_alt qiskit_alt.project.ensure_init() bench_scripts = [ "fermionic_alt_time.py", "fermionic_nature_time.py", "from_matrix_alt.py", "from_matrix_quantum_info.py", "jordan_wigner_alt_time.py", "jordan_wigner_nature_time.py", "pauli_from_list_alt.py", "pauli_from_list_qinfo.py", ] _python = shutil.which("python") ## Run each benchmark script in a separate process def run_bench(fname): dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) full = os.path.join(dirname, fname) res = subprocess.run( [_python, full], check=True, capture_output=True, encoding='utf8' ).stdout print(res) def exec_full_dir(fname): dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) filepath = os.path.join(dirname, fname) exec_full(filepath) def exec_full(filepath): global_namespace = { "__file__": filepath, "__name__": "__main__", } with open(filepath, 'rb') as file: exec(compile(file.read(), filepath, 'exec'), global_namespace) for fname in bench_scripts: print(fname) exec_full_dir(fname) print()
https://github.com/mmetcalf14/Hamiltonian_Downfolding_IBM
mmetcalf14
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2019. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """ Controlled-RY (cry) and Multiple-Control RY (mcry) Gates """ import logging from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit.aqua import AquaError from qiskit.aqua.utils.circuit_utils import is_qubit logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) def cry(self, theta, q_control, q_target): """ Apply Controlled-RY (cry) Gate. Args: self (QuantumCircuit): The circuit to apply the ch gate on. theta (float): The rotation angle. q_control ((QuantumRegister, int)): The control qubit. q_target ((QuantumRegister, int)): The target qubit. """ if not is_qubit(q_control): raise AquaError('A qubit is expected for the control.') if not self.has_register(q_control[0]): raise AquaError('The control qubit is expected to be part of the circuit.') if not is_qubit(q_target): raise AquaError('A qubit is expected for the target.') if not self.has_register(q_target[0]): raise AquaError('The target qubit is expected to be part of the circuit.') if q_control == q_target: raise AquaError('The control and target need to be different qubits.') self.u3(theta / 2, 0, 0, q_target) self.cx(q_control, q_target) self.u3(-theta / 2, 0, 0, q_target) self.cx(q_control, q_target) return self def mcry(self, theta, q_controls, q_target, q_ancillae): """ Apply Multiple-Control RY (mcry) Gate. Args: self (QuantumCircuit): The circuit to apply the ch gate on. theta (float): The rotation angle. q_controls (QuantumRegister | (QuantumRegister, int)): The control qubits. q_target ((QuantumRegister, int)): The target qubit. q_ancillae (QuantumRegister | (QuantumRegister, int)): The ancillary qubits. """ # check controls if isinstance(q_controls, QuantumRegister): control_qubits = [qb for qb in q_controls] elif isinstance(q_controls, list): control_qubits = q_controls else: raise AquaError('The mcry gate needs a list of qubits or a quantum register for controls.') # check target if is_qubit(q_target): target_qubit = q_target else: raise AquaError('The mcry gate needs a single qubit as target.') # check ancilla if q_ancillae is None: ancillary_qubits = [] elif isinstance(q_ancillae, QuantumRegister): ancillary_qubits = [qb for qb in q_ancillae] elif isinstance(q_ancillae, list): ancillary_qubits = q_ancillae else: raise AquaError('The mcry gate needs None or a list of qubits or a quantum register for ancilla.') all_qubits = control_qubits + [target_qubit] + ancillary_qubits self._check_qargs(all_qubits) self._check_dups(all_qubits) self.u3(theta / 2, 0, 0, q_target) self.mct(q_controls, q_target, q_ancillae) self.u3(-theta / 2, 0, 0, q_target) self.mct(q_controls, q_target, q_ancillae) return self QuantumCircuit.cry = cry QuantumCircuit.mcry = mcry
https://github.com/Aurelien-Pelissier/IBMQ-Quantum-Programming
Aurelien-Pelissier
from qiskit import* from qiskit.providers.aer import QasmSimulator from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram from qiskit.tools.monitor import job_monitor import matplotlib.pyplot as plt quantum_register = QuantumRegister(2) # Linhas do circuito / numeros de Qbit no circuito """ Para medir, em mecanica quântica, ao medir um Qbit nós destruimos a informação daquele estado e armazenamos ela em um bit clássico """ classic_register = ClassicalRegister(2) first_circuit = QuantumCircuit(quantum_register, classic_register) # Constrói o circuito first_circuit.draw(output = 'mpl') # Desenha o circuito, funciona no app da IBM first_circuit.h(quantum_register[0]) # Aplicando a primeira gate no primeira linha, gate hadarmat # Aplicando a porta CNOT ### first_circuit.draw(output = 'mpl') ### first_circuit.cx(quantum_register[0], quantum_register[1]) #CNOT faz operação tensorial entre o Qbit #de controle na linha zero, e o outro é o Qbit alvo ### first_circuit.draw(output = 'mpl') ### first_circuit.measure(quantum_register, classic_register) # para extrair a medida ### first_circuit.draw(output = 'mpl') ### simulator = QasmSimulator() # Simulador que vai realizar os calculos para nós result = execute(first_circuit, backend= simulator).result() counts = result.get_counts(first_circuit) first_circuit.draw(output='mpl') plot_histogram(counts) plt.ylabel(counts) plt.show() """ IBMQ.load_account() host = IBMQ.get_provider('ibm-q') quantum_computer = host.get_backend('ibmq_belem') result_qcomputer = execute(first_circuit, backend= quantum_computer) job_monitor(result_qcomputer) result = result_qcomputer.result() plot_histogram(result.get_counts(first_circuit)) plt.ylabel(counts) plt.show() """
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile, schedule from qiskit.visualization.timeline import draw, IQXDebugging from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeBoeblingen qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0,1) qc = transpile(qc, FakeBoeblingen(), scheduling_method='alap', layout_method='trivial') draw(qc, style=IQXDebugging())
https://github.com/minnukota381/Quantum-Computing-Qiskit
minnukota381
from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_multivector, visualize_transition, plot_histogram # Create a quantum circuit with a single qubit # The default initial state of qubit will be |0> or [1,0] qc = QuantumCircuit(1) #Apply the Pauli X-gate on the qubit to make the input to y gate as |1> qc.x(0) #Apply the Pauli y-gate on the |1> qubit qc.y(0) #Draw the circuit # qc.draw() qc.draw('mpl') #Get the backend for the circuit (simulator or realtime system) backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') #execute the circuit using the backend out = execute(qc,backend).result().get_statevector() #plot the result as a bloch sphere visualization plot_bloch_multivector(out) # visualize the output as an animation visualize_transition(qc) #execute the circuit and get the plain result out = execute(qc,backend).result() #getting the count of the result counts = out.get_counts() #plotting the histogram plot_histogram(counts)
https://github.com/shesha-raghunathan/DATE2019-qiskit-tutorial
shesha-raghunathan
import numpy as np from qiskit import Aer from qiskit.transpiler import PassManager from qiskit_aqua import Operator, QuantumInstance from qiskit_aqua.algorithms.adaptive import VQE from qiskit_aqua.algorithms.classical import ExactEigensolver from qiskit_aqua.components.optimizers import L_BFGS_B from qiskit_aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ from qiskit_chemistry import FermionicOperator from qiskit_chemistry.drivers import PySCFDriver, UnitsType # using driver to get fermionic Hamiltonian # PySCF example driver = PySCFDriver(atom='H .0 .0 .0; H .0 .0 0.735', unit=UnitsType.ANGSTROM, charge=0, spin=0, basis='sto3g') molecule = driver.run() # get fermionic operator and mapping to qubit operator ferOp = FermionicOperator(h1=molecule.one_body_integrals, h2=molecule.two_body_integrals) qubitOp = ferOp.mapping(map_type='JORDAN_WIGNER', threshold=0.00000001) qubitOp.to_matrix() qubitOp.chop(10**-10) # If you do not install any driver and would like to start with a random Hamiltonian # SIZE=4 # matrix = np.random.random((SIZE,SIZE)) # qubitOp = Operator(matrix=matrix) # Using exact eigensolver to get the smallest eigenvalue exact_eigensolver = ExactEigensolver(qubitOp, k=1) ret = exact_eigensolver.run() print('The exact ground state energy is: {}'.format(ret['eigvals'][0].real)) # setup VQE # setup optimizer, use L_BFGS_B optimizer for example lbfgs = L_BFGS_B(maxfun=1000, factr=10, iprint=10) # setup variational form generator (generate trial circuits for VQE) var_form = RYRZ(qubitOp.num_qubits, 5, entangler_map = {0: [1], 1:[2], 2:[3]}) # setup VQE with operator, variational form, and optimizer vqe_algorithm = VQE(qubitOp, var_form, lbfgs, 'matrix') backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend, pass_manager=PassManager()) results = vqe_algorithm.run(quantum_instance) print("Minimum value: {}".format(results['eigvals'][0].real)) print("Parameters: {}".format(results['opt_params']))
https://github.com/hkhetawat/QArithmetic
hkhetawat
# Import the Qiskit SDK from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister from qiskit import execute, Aer from QArithmetic import sub_ripple # Input N N = 4 a = QuantumRegister(N) b = QuantumRegister(N+1) ca = ClassicalRegister(N) cb = ClassicalRegister(N+1) qc = QuantumCircuit(a, b, ca, cb) # Input Superposition # a = 1110 qc.x(a[1]) qc.x(a[2]) qc.x(a[3]) # b = 01011 qc.x(b[0]) qc.x(b[1]) qc.x(b[3]) sub_ripple(qc, a, b, N) qc.measure(a, ca) qc.measure(b, cb) backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job_sim = execute(qc, backend_sim) result_sim = job_sim.result() print(result_sim.get_counts(qc))
https://github.com/swe-train/qiskit__qiskit
swe-train
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2021. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Test the VF2Layout pass""" import rustworkx from qiskit import QuantumRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.circuit import ControlFlowOp from qiskit.circuit.library import CXGate, XGate from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap, Layout, TranspilerError from qiskit.transpiler.passes.layout.vf2_post_layout import VF2PostLayout, VF2PostLayoutStopReason from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_dag from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeLima, FakeYorktown, FakeLimaV2, FakeYorktownV2 from qiskit.circuit import Qubit from qiskit.compiler.transpiler import transpile from qiskit.transpiler.target import Target, InstructionProperties class TestVF2PostLayout(QiskitTestCase): """Tests the VF2Layout pass""" seed = 42 def assertLayout(self, dag, coupling_map, property_set): """Checks if the circuit in dag was a perfect layout in property_set for the given coupling_map""" self.assertEqual( property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.SOLUTION_FOUND ) layout = property_set["post_layout"] edges = coupling_map.graph.edge_list() def run(dag, wire_map): for gate in dag.two_qubit_ops(): if dag.has_calibration_for(gate) or isinstance(gate.op, ControlFlowOp): continue physical_q0 = wire_map[gate.qargs[0]] physical_q1 = wire_map[gate.qargs[1]] self.assertTrue((physical_q0, physical_q1) in edges) for node in dag.op_nodes(ControlFlowOp): for block in node.op.blocks: inner_wire_map = { inner: wire_map[outer] for outer, inner in zip(node.qargs, block.qubits) } run(circuit_to_dag(block), inner_wire_map) run(dag, {bit: layout[bit] for bit in dag.qubits if bit in layout}) def assertLayoutV2(self, dag, target, property_set): """Checks if the circuit in dag was a perfect layout in property_set for the given coupling_map""" self.assertEqual( property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.SOLUTION_FOUND ) layout = property_set["post_layout"] def run(dag, wire_map): for gate in dag.two_qubit_ops(): if dag.has_calibration_for(gate) or isinstance(gate.op, ControlFlowOp): continue physical_q0 = wire_map[gate.qargs[0]] physical_q1 = wire_map[gate.qargs[1]] qargs = (physical_q0, physical_q1) self.assertTrue(target.instruction_supported(gate.name, qargs)) for node in dag.op_nodes(ControlFlowOp): for block in node.op.blocks: inner_wire_map = { inner: wire_map[outer] for outer, inner in zip(node.qargs, block.qubits) } run(circuit_to_dag(block), inner_wire_map) run(dag, {bit: layout[bit] for bit in dag.qubits if bit in layout}) def test_no_constraints(self): """Test we raise at runtime if no target or coupling graph specified.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2) empty_pass = VF2PostLayout() with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): empty_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) def test_no_backend_properties(self): """Test we raise at runtime if no properties are provided with a coupling graph.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2) empty_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=CouplingMap([(0, 1), (1, 2)])) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): empty_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) def test_empty_circuit(self): """Test no solution found for empty circuit""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) backend = FakeLima() cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_empty_circuit_v2(self): """Test no solution found for empty circuit with v2 backend""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) backend = FakeLimaV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_skip_3q_circuit(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLima() cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_skip_3q_circuit_control_flow(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) with qc.for_loop((1,)): qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLima() cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_skip_3q_circuit_v2(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates with a target.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLimaV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_skip_3q_circuit_control_flow_v2(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates with a target.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) with qc.for_loop((1,)): qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLimaV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_best_mapping_ghz_state_full_device_multiple_qregs(self): """Test best mappings with multiple registers""" backend = FakeLima() qr_a = QuantumRegister(2) qr_b = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr_a, qr_b) qc.h(qr_a[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_a[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[2]) qc.measure_all() tqc = transpile(qc, backend, seed_transpiler=self.seed, layout_method="trivial") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktown() qr = QuantumRegister(2, "qr") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) # qr1 -> qr0 tqc = transpile(circuit, backend, layout_method="dense") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend_controlflow(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktown() circuit = QuantumCircuit(2, 1) with circuit.for_loop((1,)): circuit.cx(1, 0) # qr1 -> qr0 with circuit.if_test((circuit.clbits[0], True)) as else_: pass with else_: with circuit.while_loop((circuit.clbits[0], True)): circuit.cx(1, 0) # qr1 -> qr0 initial_layout = Layout(dict(enumerate(circuit.qubits))) circuit._layout = initial_layout dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend_max_trials(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ max_trials = 11 backend = FakeYorktown() qr = QuantumRegister(2, "qr") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) # qr1 -> qr0 tqc = transpile(circuit, backend, layout_method="dense") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout( coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed, max_trials=max_trials ) with self.assertLogs( "qiskit.transpiler.passes.layout.vf2_post_layout", level="DEBUG" ) as cm: pass_.run(dag) self.assertIn( f"DEBUG:qiskit.transpiler.passes.layout.vf2_post_layout:Trial {max_trials} " f"is >= configured max trials {max_trials}", cm.output, ) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_best_mapping_ghz_state_full_device_multiple_qregs_v2(self): """Test best mappings with multiple registers""" backend = FakeLimaV2() qr_a = QuantumRegister(2) qr_b = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr_a, qr_b) qc.h(qr_a[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_a[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[2]) qc.measure_all() tqc = transpile(qc, backend, seed_transpiler=self.seed, layout_method="trivial") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayoutV2(dag, backend.target, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend_v2(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktownV2() qr = QuantumRegister(2, "qr") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) # qr1 -> qr0 tqc = transpile(circuit, backend, layout_method="dense") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayoutV2(dag, backend.target, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend_v2_control_flow(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktownV2() circuit = QuantumCircuit(2, 1) with circuit.for_loop((1,)): circuit.cx(1, 0) # qr1 -> qr0 with circuit.if_test((circuit.clbits[0], True)) as else_: pass with else_: with circuit.while_loop((circuit.clbits[0], True)): circuit.cx(1, 0) # qr1 -> qr0 initial_layout = Layout(dict(enumerate(circuit.qubits))) circuit._layout = initial_layout dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayoutV2(dag, backend.target, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_target_invalid_2q_gate(self): """Test that we don't find a solution with a gate outside target.""" backend = FakeYorktownV2() qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.ecr(0, 1) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual( pass_.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_target_invalid_2q_gate_control_flow(self): """Test that we don't find a solution with a gate outside target.""" backend = FakeYorktownV2() qc = QuantumCircuit(2) with qc.for_loop((1,)): qc.ecr(0, 1) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed) pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual( pass_.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_target_no_error(self): """Test that running vf2layout on a pass against a target with no error rates works.""" n_qubits = 15 target = Target() target.add_instruction(CXGate(), {(i, i + 1): None for i in range(n_qubits - 1)}) vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=target) circuit = QuantumCircuit(2) circuit.cx(0, 1) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) vf2_pass.run(dag) self.assertNotIn("post_layout", vf2_pass.property_set) def test_target_some_error(self): """Test that running vf2layout on a pass against a target with some error rates works.""" n_qubits = 15 target = Target() target.add_instruction( XGate(), {(i,): InstructionProperties(error=0.00123) for i in range(n_qubits)} ) target.add_instruction(CXGate(), {(i, i + 1): None for i in range(n_qubits - 1)}) vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=target, seed=1234, strict_direction=False) circuit = QuantumCircuit(2) circuit.h(0) circuit.cx(0, 1) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) vf2_pass.run(dag) # No layout selected because nothing will beat initial layout self.assertNotIn("post_layout", vf2_pass.property_set) class TestVF2PostLayoutScoring(QiskitTestCase): """Test scoring heuristic function for VF2PostLayout.""" def test_empty_score(self): """Test error rate is 0 for empty circuit.""" bit_map = {} reverse_bit_map = {} im_graph = rustworkx.PyDiGraph() backend = FakeYorktownV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target) layout = Layout() score = vf2_pass._score_layout(layout, bit_map, reverse_bit_map, im_graph) self.assertEqual(0, score) def test_all_1q_score(self): """Test error rate for all 1q input.""" bit_map = {Qubit(): 0, Qubit(): 1} reverse_bit_map = {v: k for k, v in bit_map.items()} im_graph = rustworkx.PyDiGraph() im_graph.add_node({"sx": 1}) im_graph.add_node({"sx": 1}) backend = FakeYorktownV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target) layout = Layout(bit_map) score = vf2_pass._score_layout(layout, bit_map, reverse_bit_map, im_graph) self.assertAlmostEqual(0.002925, score, places=5) class TestVF2PostLayoutUndirected(QiskitTestCase): """Tests the VF2Layout pass""" seed = 42 def assertLayout(self, dag, coupling_map, property_set): """Checks if the circuit in dag was a perfect layout in property_set for the given coupling_map""" self.assertEqual( property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.SOLUTION_FOUND ) layout = property_set["post_layout"] for gate in dag.two_qubit_ops(): if dag.has_calibration_for(gate): continue physical_q0 = layout[gate.qargs[0]] physical_q1 = layout[gate.qargs[1]] self.assertTrue(coupling_map.graph.has_edge(physical_q0, physical_q1)) def assertLayoutV2(self, dag, target, property_set): """Checks if the circuit in dag was a perfect layout in property_set for the given coupling_map""" self.assertEqual( property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.SOLUTION_FOUND ) layout = property_set["post_layout"] for gate in dag.two_qubit_ops(): if dag.has_calibration_for(gate): continue physical_q0 = layout[gate.qargs[0]] physical_q1 = layout[gate.qargs[1]] qargs = (physical_q0, physical_q1) self.assertTrue(target.instruction_supported(gate.name, qargs)) def test_no_constraints(self): """Test we raise at runtime if no target or coupling graph specified.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2) empty_pass = VF2PostLayout(strict_direction=False) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): empty_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) def test_no_backend_properties(self): """Test we raise at runtime if no properties are provided with a coupling graph.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2) empty_pass = VF2PostLayout( coupling_map=CouplingMap([(0, 1), (1, 2)]), strict_direction=False ) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): empty_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) def test_empty_circuit(self): """Test no solution found for empty circuit""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) backend = FakeLima() cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, strict_direction=False) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_empty_circuit_v2(self): """Test no solution found for empty circuit with v2 backend""" qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) backend = FakeLimaV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, strict_direction=False) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.NO_SOLUTION_FOUND, ) def test_skip_3q_circuit(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLima() cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, strict_direction=False) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_skip_3q_circuit_v2(self): """Test that the pass is a no-op on circuits with >2q gates with a target.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(3) qc.ccx(0, 1, 2) backend = FakeLimaV2() vf2_pass = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, strict_direction=False) vf2_pass.run(circuit_to_dag(qc)) self.assertEqual( vf2_pass.property_set["VF2PostLayout_stop_reason"], VF2PostLayoutStopReason.MORE_THAN_2Q ) def test_best_mapping_ghz_state_full_device_multiple_qregs(self): """Test best mappings with multiple registers""" backend = FakeLima() qr_a = QuantumRegister(2) qr_b = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr_a, qr_b) qc.h(qr_a[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_a[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[2]) qc.measure_all() tqc = transpile(qc, backend, seed_transpiler=self.seed, layout_method="trivial") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout( coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed, strict_direction=False ) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktown() qr = QuantumRegister(2, "qr") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) # qr1 -> qr0 tqc = transpile(circuit, backend, layout_method="dense") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) cmap = CouplingMap(backend.configuration().coupling_map) props = backend.properties() pass_ = VF2PostLayout( coupling_map=cmap, properties=props, seed=self.seed, strict_direction=False ) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayout(dag, cmap, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_best_mapping_ghz_state_full_device_multiple_qregs_v2(self): """Test best mappings with multiple registers""" backend = FakeLimaV2() qr_a = QuantumRegister(2) qr_b = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr_a, qr_b) qc.h(qr_a[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_a[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[0]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[1]) qc.cx(qr_a[0], qr_b[2]) qc.measure_all() tqc = transpile(qc, backend, seed_transpiler=self.seed, layout_method="trivial") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed, strict_direction=False) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayoutV2(dag, backend.target, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout) def test_2q_circuit_5q_backend_v2(self): """A simple example, without considering the direction 0 - 1 qr1 - qr0 """ backend = FakeYorktownV2() qr = QuantumRegister(2, "qr") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) # qr1 -> qr0 tqc = transpile(circuit, backend, layout_method="dense") initial_layout = tqc._layout dag = circuit_to_dag(tqc) pass_ = VF2PostLayout(target=backend.target, seed=self.seed, strict_direction=False) pass_.run(dag) self.assertLayoutV2(dag, backend.target, pass_.property_set) self.assertNotEqual(pass_.property_set["post_layout"], initial_layout)
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister from qiskit.circuit.library.standard_gates import HGate qr = QuantumRegister(3) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) c3h_gate = HGate().control(2) qc.append(c3h_gate, qr) qc.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/swe-train/qiskit__qiskit
swe-train
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2020. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. # pylint: disable=invalid-name """Tests for Pauli operator class.""" import re import unittest import itertools as it from functools import lru_cache import numpy as np from ddt import ddt, data, unpack from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.exceptions import QiskitError from qiskit.circuit.library import ( IGate, XGate, YGate, ZGate, HGate, SGate, SdgGate, CXGate, CZGate, CYGate, SwapGate, ) from qiskit.circuit.library.generalized_gates import PauliGate from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit.quantum_info.random import random_clifford, random_pauli from qiskit.quantum_info.operators import Pauli, Operator LABEL_REGEX = re.compile(r"(?P<coeff>[+-]?1?[ij]?)(?P<pauli>[IXYZ]*)") PHASE_MAP = {"": 0, "-i": 1, "-": 2, "i": 3} def _split_pauli_label(label): match_ = LABEL_REGEX.fullmatch(label) return match_["pauli"], match_["coeff"] def _phase_from_label(label): coeff = LABEL_REGEX.fullmatch(label)["coeff"] or "" return PHASE_MAP[coeff.replace("+", "").replace("1", "").replace("j", "i")] @lru_cache(maxsize=8) def pauli_group_labels(nq, full_group=True): """Generate list of the N-qubit pauli group string labels""" labels = ["".join(i) for i in it.product(("I", "X", "Y", "Z"), repeat=nq)] if full_group: labels = ["".join(i) for i in it.product(("", "-i", "-", "i"), labels)] return labels def operator_from_label(label): """Construct operator from full Pauli group label""" pauli, coeff = _split_pauli_label(label) coeff = (-1j) ** _phase_from_label(coeff) return coeff * Operator.from_label(pauli) @ddt class TestPauliConversions(QiskitTestCase): """Test representation conversions of Pauli""" @data(*pauli_group_labels(1), *pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_labels(self, label): """Test round trip label conversion""" pauli = Pauli(label) self.assertEqual(Pauli(str(pauli)), pauli) @data("S", "XX-") def test_invalid_labels(self, label): """Test raise if invalid labels are supplied""" with self.assertRaises(QiskitError): Pauli(label) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1), *pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_to_operator(self, label): """Test Pauli operator conversion""" value = Operator(Pauli(label)) target = operator_from_label(label) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1), *pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_to_matrix_sparse(self, label): """Test Pauli operator conversion""" spmat = Pauli(label).to_matrix(sparse=True) value = Operator(spmat.todense()) target = operator_from_label(label) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1), *pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_to_instruction(self, label): """Test Pauli to instruction""" pauli = Pauli(label) value = Operator(pauli.to_instruction()) target = Operator(pauli) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data((IGate(), "I"), (XGate(), "X"), (YGate(), "Y"), (ZGate(), "Z")) @unpack def test_init_single_pauli_gate(self, gate, label): """Test initialization from Pauli basis gates""" self.assertEqual(str(Pauli(gate)), label) @data("IXYZ", "XXY", "ZYX", "ZI", "Y") def test_init_pauli_gate(self, label): """Test initialization from Pauli basis gates""" pauli = Pauli(PauliGate(label)) self.assertEqual(str(pauli), label) @ddt class TestPauliProperties(QiskitTestCase): """Test Pauli properties""" @data("I", "XY", "XYZ", "IXYZ", "IXYZX") def test_len(self, label): """Test __len__ method""" self.assertEqual(len(Pauli(label)), len(label)) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, full_group=False), pauli_group_labels(1))) @unpack def test_equal(self, label1, label2): """Test __eq__ method""" pauli1 = Pauli(label1) pauli2 = Pauli(label2) target = ( np.all(pauli1.z == pauli2.z) and np.all(pauli1.x == pauli2.x) and pauli1.phase == pauli2.phase ) self.assertEqual(pauli1 == pauli2, target) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, full_group=False), pauli_group_labels(1))) @unpack def test_equiv(self, label1, label2): """Test equiv method""" pauli1 = Pauli(label1) pauli2 = Pauli(label2) target = np.all(pauli1.z == pauli2.z) and np.all(pauli1.x == pauli2.x) self.assertEqual(pauli1.equiv(pauli2), target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1)) def test_phase(self, label): """Test phase attribute""" pauli = Pauli(label) _, coeff = _split_pauli_label(str(pauli)) target = _phase_from_label(coeff) self.assertEqual(pauli.phase, target) @data(*((p, q) for p in ["I", "X", "Y", "Z"] for q in range(4))) @unpack def test_phase_setter(self, pauli, phase): """Test phase setter""" pauli = Pauli(pauli) pauli.phase = phase _, coeff = _split_pauli_label(str(pauli)) value = _phase_from_label(coeff) self.assertEqual(value, phase) def test_x_setter(self): """Test phase attribute""" pauli = Pauli("II") pauli.x = True self.assertEqual(pauli, Pauli("XX")) def test_z_setter(self): """Test phase attribute""" pauli = Pauli("II") pauli.z = True self.assertEqual(pauli, Pauli("ZZ")) @data( *( ("IXYZ", i) for i in [0, 1, 2, 3, slice(None, None, None), slice(None, 2, None), [0, 3], [2, 1, 3]] ) ) @unpack def test_getitem(self, label, qubits): """Test __getitem__""" pauli = Pauli(label) value = str(pauli[qubits]) val_array = np.array(list(reversed(label)))[qubits] target = "".join(reversed(val_array.tolist())) self.assertEqual(value, target, msg=f"indices = {qubits}") @data( (0, "iY", "iIIY"), ([1, 0], "XZ", "IZX"), (slice(None, None, None), "XYZ", "XYZ"), (slice(None, None, -1), "XYZ", "ZYX"), ) @unpack def test_setitem(self, qubits, value, target): """Test __setitem__""" pauli = Pauli("III") pauli[qubits] = value self.assertEqual(str(pauli), target) def test_insert(self): """Test insert method""" pauli = Pauli("III") pauli = pauli.insert([2, 0, 4], "XYZ") self.assertEqual(str(pauli), "IXIZIY") def test_delete(self): """Test delete method""" pauli = Pauli("IXYZ") pauli = pauli.delete([0, 2]) self.assertEqual(str(pauli), "IY") @ddt class TestPauli(QiskitTestCase): """Tests for Pauli operator class.""" @data(*pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_conjugate(self, label): """Test conjugate method.""" value = Pauli(label).conjugate() target = operator_from_label(label).conjugate() self.assertEqual(Operator(value), target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_transpose(self, label): """Test transpose method.""" value = Pauli(label).transpose() target = operator_from_label(label).transpose() self.assertEqual(Operator(value), target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_adjoint(self, label): """Test adjoint method.""" value = Pauli(label).adjoint() target = operator_from_label(label).adjoint() self.assertEqual(Operator(value), target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(2)) def test_inverse(self, label): """Test inverse method.""" pauli = Pauli(label) value = pauli.inverse() target = pauli.adjoint() self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(2, full_group=False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_dot(self, label1, label2): """Test dot method.""" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) value = Operator(p1.dot(p2)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.dot(op2) self.assertEqual(value, target) target = op1 @ op2 self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1)) def test_dot_qargs(self, label2): """Test dot method with qargs.""" label1 = "-iXYZ" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) qargs = [0] value = Operator(p1.dot(p2, qargs=qargs)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.dot(op2, qargs=qargs) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(2, full_group=False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_compose(self, label1, label2): """Test compose method.""" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) value = Operator(p1.compose(p2)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.compose(op2) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*pauli_group_labels(1)) def test_compose_qargs(self, label2): """Test compose method with qargs.""" label1 = "-XYZ" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) qargs = [0] value = Operator(p1.compose(p2, qargs=qargs)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.compose(op2, qargs=qargs) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, full_group=False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_tensor(self, label1, label2): """Test tensor method.""" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) value = Operator(p1.tensor(p2)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.tensor(op2) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, full_group=False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_expand(self, label1, label2): """Test expand method.""" p1 = Pauli(label1) p2 = Pauli(label2) value = Operator(p1.expand(p2)) op1 = operator_from_label(label1) op2 = operator_from_label(label2) target = op1.expand(op2) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data("II", "XI", "YX", "ZZ", "YZ") def test_power(self, label): """Test power method.""" iden = Pauli("II") op = Pauli(label) self.assertTrue(op**2, iden) @data(1, 1.0, -1, -1.0, 1j, -1j) def test_multiply(self, val): """Test multiply method.""" op = val * Pauli(([True, True], [False, False], 0)) phase = (-1j) ** op.phase self.assertEqual(phase, val) op = Pauli(([True, True], [False, False], 0)) * val phase = (-1j) ** op.phase self.assertEqual(phase, val) def test_multiply_except(self): """Test multiply method raises exceptions.""" op = Pauli("XYZ") self.assertRaises(QiskitError, op._multiply, 2) @data(0, 1, 2, 3) def test_negate(self, phase): """Test negate method""" op = Pauli(([False], [True], phase)) neg = -op self.assertTrue(op.equiv(neg)) self.assertEqual(neg.phase, (op.phase + 2) % 4) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_commutes(self, p1, p2): """Test commutes method""" P1 = Pauli(p1) P2 = Pauli(p2) self.assertEqual(P1.commutes(P2), P1.dot(P2) == P2.dot(P1)) @data(*it.product(pauli_group_labels(1, False), repeat=2)) @unpack def test_anticommutes(self, p1, p2): """Test anticommutes method""" P1 = Pauli(p1) P2 = Pauli(p2) self.assertEqual(P1.anticommutes(P2), P1.dot(P2) == -P2.dot(P1)) @data( *it.product( (IGate(), XGate(), YGate(), ZGate(), HGate(), SGate(), SdgGate()), pauli_group_labels(1, False), ) ) @unpack def test_evolve_clifford1(self, gate, label): """Test evolve method for 1-qubit Clifford gates.""" op = Operator(gate) pauli = Pauli(label) value = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate)) value_h = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate, frame="h")) value_s = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate, frame="s")) value_inv = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate.inverse())) target = op.adjoint().dot(pauli).dot(op) self.assertEqual(value, target) self.assertEqual(value, value_h) self.assertEqual(value_inv, value_s) @data(*it.product((CXGate(), CYGate(), CZGate(), SwapGate()), pauli_group_labels(2, False))) @unpack def test_evolve_clifford2(self, gate, label): """Test evolve method for 2-qubit Clifford gates.""" op = Operator(gate) pauli = Pauli(label) value = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate)) value_h = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate, frame="h")) value_s = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate, frame="s")) value_inv = Operator(pauli.evolve(gate.inverse())) target = op.adjoint().dot(pauli).dot(op) self.assertEqual(value, target) self.assertEqual(value, value_h) self.assertEqual(value_inv, value_s) @data( *it.product( ( IGate(), XGate(), YGate(), ZGate(), HGate(), SGate(), SdgGate(), CXGate(), CYGate(), CZGate(), SwapGate(), ), [int, np.int8, np.uint8, np.int16, np.uint16, np.int32, np.uint32, np.int64, np.uint64], ) ) @unpack def test_phase_dtype_evolve_clifford(self, gate, dtype): """Test phase dtype for evolve method for Clifford gates.""" z = np.ones(gate.num_qubits, dtype=bool) x = np.ones(gate.num_qubits, dtype=bool) phase = (np.sum(z & x) % 4).astype(dtype) paulis = Pauli((z, x, phase)) evo = paulis.evolve(gate) self.assertEqual(evo.phase.dtype, dtype) def test_evolve_clifford_qargs(self): """Test evolve method for random Clifford""" cliff = random_clifford(3, seed=10) op = Operator(cliff) pauli = random_pauli(5, seed=10) qargs = [3, 0, 1] value = Operator(pauli.evolve(cliff, qargs=qargs)) value_h = Operator(pauli.evolve(cliff, qargs=qargs, frame="h")) value_s = Operator(pauli.evolve(cliff, qargs=qargs, frame="s")) value_inv = Operator(pauli.evolve(cliff.adjoint(), qargs=qargs)) target = Operator(pauli).compose(op.adjoint(), qargs=qargs).dot(op, qargs=qargs) self.assertEqual(value, target) self.assertEqual(value, value_h) self.assertEqual(value_inv, value_s) def test_barrier_delay_sim(self): """Test barrier and delay instructions can be simulated""" target_circ = QuantumCircuit(2) target_circ.x(0) target_circ.y(1) target = Pauli(target_circ) circ = QuantumCircuit(2) circ.x(0) circ.delay(100, 0) circ.barrier([0, 1]) circ.y(1) value = Pauli(circ) self.assertEqual(value, target) @data(("", 0), ("-", 2), ("i", 3), ("-1j", 1)) @unpack def test_zero_qubit_pauli_construction(self, label, phase): """Test that Paulis of zero qubits can be constructed.""" expected = Pauli(label + "X")[0:0] # Empty slice from a 1q Pauli, which becomes phaseless expected.phase = phase test = Pauli(label) self.assertEqual(expected, test) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/tombillo1/QuantumCompDemo
tombillo1
from qiskit import BasicAer from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance from qiskit.aqua.algorithms import Shor N = 15 shor = Shor(N) backend = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(backend, shots=1024) ret = shor.run(quantum_instance) print("The list of factors of {} as computed by the Shor's algorithm is {}.".format(N, ret['factors'][0]))
https://github.com/swe-bench/Qiskit__qiskit
swe-bench
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017--2023 # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """ Clifford operator class. """ from __future__ import annotations import functools import itertools import re from typing import Literal import numpy as np from qiskit.circuit import Instruction, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.circuit.library.standard_gates import HGate, IGate, SGate, XGate, YGate, ZGate from qiskit.circuit.operation import Operation from qiskit.exceptions import QiskitError from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.base_operator import BaseOperator from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.mixins import AdjointMixin, generate_apidocs from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.operator import Operator from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.scalar_op import ScalarOp from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.symplectic.base_pauli import _count_y from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_func from qiskit.synthesis.linear import calc_inverse_matrix from .base_pauli import BasePauli from .clifford_circuits import _append_circuit, _append_operation from .stabilizer_table import StabilizerTable class Clifford(BaseOperator, AdjointMixin, Operation): """An N-qubit unitary operator from the Clifford group. **Representation** An *N*-qubit Clifford operator is stored as a length *2N × (2N+1)* boolean tableau using the convention from reference [1]. * Rows 0 to *N-1* are the *destabilizer* group generators * Rows *N* to *2N-1* are the *stabilizer* group generators. The internal boolean tableau for the Clifford can be accessed using the :attr:`tableau` attribute. The destabilizer or stabilizer rows can each be accessed as a length-N Stabilizer table using :attr:`destab` and :attr:`stab` attributes. A more easily human readable representation of the Clifford operator can be obtained by calling the :meth:`to_dict` method. This representation is also used if a Clifford object is printed as in the following example .. code-block:: from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit.quantum_info import Clifford # Bell state generation circuit qc = QuantumCircuit(2) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 1) cliff = Clifford(qc) # Print the Clifford print(cliff) # Print the Clifford destabilizer rows print(cliff.to_labels(mode="D")) # Print the Clifford stabilizer rows print(cliff.to_labels(mode="S")) .. parsed-literal:: Clifford: Stabilizer = ['+XX', '+ZZ'], Destabilizer = ['+IZ', '+XI'] ['+IZ', '+XI'] ['+XX', '+ZZ'] **Circuit Conversion** Clifford operators can be initialized from circuits containing *only* the following Clifford gates: :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.IGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.XGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.YGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.ZGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.HGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SdgGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SXGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SXdgGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CYGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.DXGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SwapGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.iSwapGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.ECRGate`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.LinearFunction`, :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.PermutationGate`. They can be converted back into a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`, or :class:`~qiskit.circuit.Gate` object using the :meth:`~Clifford.to_circuit` or :meth:`~Clifford.to_instruction` methods respectively. Note that this decomposition is not necessarily optimal in terms of number of gates. .. note:: A minimally generating set of gates for Clifford circuits is the :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.HGate` and :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.SGate` gate and *either* the :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate` or :class:`~qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate` two-qubit gate. Clifford operators can also be converted to :class:`~qiskit.quantum_info.Operator` objects using the :meth:`to_operator` method. This is done via decomposing to a circuit, and then simulating the circuit as a unitary operator. References: 1. S. Aaronson, D. Gottesman, *Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits*, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052328 (2004). `arXiv:quant-ph/0406196 <https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0406196>`_ """ _COMPOSE_PHASE_LOOKUP = None _COMPOSE_1Q_LOOKUP = None def __array__(self, dtype=None): if dtype: return np.asarray(self.to_matrix(), dtype=dtype) return self.to_matrix() def __init__(self, data, validate=True, copy=True): """Initialize an operator object.""" # pylint: disable=cyclic-import from qiskit.circuit.library import LinearFunction, PermutationGate # Initialize from another Clifford if isinstance(data, Clifford): num_qubits = data.num_qubits self.tableau = data.tableau.copy() if copy else data.tableau # Initialize from ScalarOp as N-qubit identity discarding any global phase elif isinstance(data, ScalarOp): if not data.num_qubits or not data.is_unitary(): raise QiskitError("Can only initialize from N-qubit identity ScalarOp.") num_qubits = data.num_qubits self.tableau = np.fromfunction( lambda i, j: i == j, (2 * num_qubits, 2 * num_qubits + 1) ).astype(bool) # Initialize from LinearFunction elif isinstance(data, LinearFunction): num_qubits = len(data.linear) self.tableau = self.from_linear_function(data) # Initialize from PermutationGate elif isinstance(data, PermutationGate): num_qubits = len(data.pattern) self.tableau = self.from_permutation(data) # Initialize from a QuantumCircuit or Instruction object elif isinstance(data, (QuantumCircuit, Instruction)): num_qubits = data.num_qubits self.tableau = Clifford.from_circuit(data).tableau # DEPRECATED: data is StabilizerTable elif isinstance(data, StabilizerTable): self.tableau = self._stack_table_phase(data.array, data.phase) num_qubits = data.num_qubits # Initialize StabilizerTable directly from the data else: if isinstance(data, (list, np.ndarray)) and np.asarray(data, dtype=bool).ndim == 2: data = np.array(data, dtype=bool, copy=copy) if data.shape[0] == data.shape[1]: self.tableau = self._stack_table_phase( data, np.zeros(data.shape[0], dtype=bool) ) num_qubits = data.shape[0] // 2 elif data.shape[0] + 1 == data.shape[1]: self.tableau = data num_qubits = data.shape[0] // 2 else: raise QiskitError("") else: n_paulis = len(data) symp = self._from_label(data[0]) num_qubits = len(symp) // 2 tableau = np.zeros((n_paulis, len(symp)), dtype=bool) tableau[0] = symp for i in range(1, n_paulis): tableau[i] = self._from_label(data[i]) self.tableau = tableau # Validate table is a symplectic matrix if validate and not Clifford._is_symplectic(self.symplectic_matrix): raise QiskitError( "Invalid Clifford. Input StabilizerTable is not a valid symplectic matrix." ) # Initialize BaseOperator super().__init__(num_qubits=num_qubits) @property def name(self): """Unique string identifier for operation type.""" return "clifford" @property def num_clbits(self): """Number of classical bits.""" return 0 def __repr__(self): return f"Clifford({repr(self.tableau)})" def __str__(self): return ( f'Clifford: Stabilizer = {self.to_labels(mode="S")}, ' f'Destabilizer = {self.to_labels(mode="D")}' ) def __eq__(self, other): """Check if two Clifford tables are equal""" return super().__eq__(other) and (self.tableau == other.tableau).all() def copy(self): return type(self)(self, validate=False, copy=True) # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # Attributes # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # pylint: disable=bad-docstring-quotes @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Instead, index or iterate through the Clifford.tableau attribute.", ) def __getitem__(self, key): """Return a stabilizer Pauli row""" return self.table.__getitem__(key) @deprecate_func(since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.tableau property instead.") def __setitem__(self, key, value): """Set a stabilizer Pauli row""" self.tableau.__setitem__(key, self._stack_table_phase(value.array, value.phase)) @property @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.stab and Clifford.destab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def table(self): """Return StabilizerTable""" return StabilizerTable(self.symplectic_matrix, phase=self.phase) @table.setter @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.stab and Clifford.destab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def table(self, value): """Set the stabilizer table""" # Note this setter cannot change the size of the Clifford # It can only replace the contents of the StabilizerTable with # another StabilizerTable of the same size. if not isinstance(value, StabilizerTable): value = StabilizerTable(value) self.symplectic_matrix = value._table._array self.phase = value._table._phase @property @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.stab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def stabilizer(self): """Return the stabilizer block of the StabilizerTable.""" array = self.tableau[self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits, :-1] phase = self.tableau[self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits, -1].reshape(self.num_qubits) return StabilizerTable(array, phase) @stabilizer.setter @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.stab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def stabilizer(self, value): """Set the value of stabilizer block of the StabilizerTable""" if not isinstance(value, StabilizerTable): value = StabilizerTable(value) self.tableau[self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits, :-1] = value.array @property @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.destab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def destabilizer(self): """Return the destabilizer block of the StabilizerTable.""" array = self.tableau[0 : self.num_qubits, :-1] phase = self.tableau[0 : self.num_qubits, -1].reshape(self.num_qubits) return StabilizerTable(array, phase) @destabilizer.setter @deprecate_func( since="0.24.0", additional_msg="Use Clifford.destab properties instead.", is_property=True, ) def destabilizer(self, value): """Set the value of destabilizer block of the StabilizerTable""" if not isinstance(value, StabilizerTable): value = StabilizerTable(value) self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, :-1] = value.array @property def symplectic_matrix(self): """Return boolean symplectic matrix.""" return self.tableau[:, :-1] @symplectic_matrix.setter def symplectic_matrix(self, value): self.tableau[:, :-1] = value @property def phase(self): """Return phase with boolean representation.""" return self.tableau[:, -1] @phase.setter def phase(self, value): self.tableau[:, -1] = value @property def x(self): """The x array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[:, 0 : self.num_qubits] @x.setter def x(self, value): self.tableau[:, 0 : self.num_qubits] = value @property def z(self): """The z array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[:, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] @z.setter def z(self, value): self.tableau[:, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] = value @property def destab(self): """The destabilizer array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, :] @destab.setter def destab(self, value): self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, :] = value @property def destab_x(self): """The destabilizer x array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, : self.num_qubits] @destab_x.setter def destab_x(self, value): self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, : self.num_qubits] = value @property def destab_z(self): """The destabilizer z array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] @destab_z.setter def destab_z(self, value): self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] = value @property def destab_phase(self): """Return phase of destabilizer with boolean representation.""" return self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, -1] @destab_phase.setter def destab_phase(self, value): self.tableau[: self.num_qubits, -1] = value @property def stab(self): """The stabilizer array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, :] @stab.setter def stab(self, value): self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, :] = value @property def stab_x(self): """The stabilizer x array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, : self.num_qubits] @stab_x.setter def stab_x(self, value): self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, : self.num_qubits] = value @property def stab_z(self): """The stabilizer array for the symplectic representation.""" return self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] @stab_z.setter def stab_z(self, value): self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] = value @property def stab_phase(self): """Return phase of stabilizer with boolean representation.""" return self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, -1] @stab_phase.setter def stab_phase(self, value): self.tableau[self.num_qubits :, -1] = value # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # Utility Operator methods # --------------------------------------------------------------------- def is_unitary(self): """Return True if the Clifford table is valid.""" # A valid Clifford is always unitary, so this function is really # checking that the underlying Stabilizer table array is a valid # Clifford array. return Clifford._is_symplectic(self.symplectic_matrix) # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # BaseOperator Abstract Methods # --------------------------------------------------------------------- def conjugate(self): return Clifford._conjugate_transpose(self, "C") def adjoint(self): return Clifford._conjugate_transpose(self, "A") def transpose(self): return Clifford._conjugate_transpose(self, "T") def tensor(self, other: Clifford) -> Clifford: if not isinstance(other, Clifford): other = Clifford(other) return self._tensor(self, other) def expand(self, other: Clifford) -> Clifford: if not isinstance(other, Clifford): other = Clifford(other) return self._tensor(other, self) @classmethod def _tensor(cls, a, b): n = a.num_qubits + b.num_qubits tableau = np.zeros((2 * n, 2 * n + 1), dtype=bool) clifford = cls(tableau, validate=False) clifford.destab_x[: b.num_qubits, : b.num_qubits] = b.destab_x clifford.destab_x[b.num_qubits :, b.num_qubits :] = a.destab_x clifford.destab_z[: b.num_qubits, : b.num_qubits] = b.destab_z clifford.destab_z[b.num_qubits :, b.num_qubits :] = a.destab_z clifford.stab_x[: b.num_qubits, : b.num_qubits] = b.stab_x clifford.stab_x[b.num_qubits :, b.num_qubits :] = a.stab_x clifford.stab_z[: b.num_qubits, : b.num_qubits] = b.stab_z clifford.stab_z[b.num_qubits :, b.num_qubits :] = a.stab_z clifford.phase[: b.num_qubits] = b.destab_phase clifford.phase[b.num_qubits : n] = a.destab_phase clifford.phase[n : n + b.num_qubits] = b.stab_phase clifford.phase[n + b.num_qubits :] = a.stab_phase return clifford def compose( self, other: Clifford | QuantumCircuit | Instruction, qargs: list | None = None, front: bool = False, ) -> Clifford: if qargs is None: qargs = getattr(other, "qargs", None) # If other is a QuantumCircuit we can more efficiently compose # using the _append_circuit method to update each gate recursively # to the current Clifford, rather than converting to a Clifford first # and then doing the composition of tables. if not front: if isinstance(other, QuantumCircuit): return _append_circuit(self.copy(), other, qargs=qargs) if isinstance(other, Instruction): return _append_operation(self.copy(), other, qargs=qargs) if not isinstance(other, Clifford): # Not copying is safe since we're going to drop our only reference to `other` at the end # of the function. other = Clifford(other, copy=False) # Validate compose dimensions self._op_shape.compose(other._op_shape, qargs, front) # Pad other with identities if composing on subsystem other = self._pad_with_identity(other, qargs) left, right = (self, other) if front else (other, self) if self.num_qubits == 1: return self._compose_1q(left, right) return self._compose_general(left, right) @classmethod def _compose_general(cls, first, second): # Correcting for phase due to Pauli multiplication. Start with factors of -i from XZ = -iY # on individual qubits, and then handle multiplication between each qubitwise pair. ifacts = np.sum(second.x & second.z, axis=1, dtype=int) x1, z1 = first.x.astype(np.uint8), first.z.astype(np.uint8) lookup = cls._compose_lookup() # The loop is over 2*n_qubits entries, and the entire loop is cubic in the number of qubits. for k, row2 in enumerate(second.symplectic_matrix): x1_select = x1[row2] z1_select = z1[row2] x1_accum = np.logical_xor.accumulate(x1_select, axis=0).astype(np.uint8) z1_accum = np.logical_xor.accumulate(z1_select, axis=0).astype(np.uint8) indexer = (x1_select[1:], z1_select[1:], x1_accum[:-1], z1_accum[:-1]) ifacts[k] += np.sum(lookup[indexer]) p = np.mod(ifacts, 4) // 2 phase = ( (np.matmul(second.symplectic_matrix, first.phase, dtype=int) + second.phase + p) % 2 ).astype(bool) data = cls._stack_table_phase( (np.matmul(second.symplectic_matrix, first.symplectic_matrix, dtype=int) % 2).astype( bool ), phase, ) return Clifford(data, validate=False, copy=False) @classmethod def _compose_1q(cls, first, second): # 1-qubit composition can be done with a simple lookup table; there are 24 elements in the # 1q Clifford group, so 576 possible combinations, which is small enough to look up. if cls._COMPOSE_1Q_LOOKUP is None: # The valid tables for 1q Cliffords. tables_1q = np.array( [ [[False, True], [True, False]], [[False, True], [True, True]], [[True, False], [False, True]], [[True, False], [True, True]], [[True, True], [False, True]], [[True, True], [True, False]], ] ) phases_1q = np.array([[False, False], [False, True], [True, False], [True, True]]) # Build the lookup table. cliffords = [ cls(cls._stack_table_phase(table, phase), validate=False, copy=False) for table, phase in itertools.product(tables_1q, phases_1q) ] cls._COMPOSE_1Q_LOOKUP = { (cls._hash(left), cls._hash(right)): cls._compose_general(left, right) for left, right in itertools.product(cliffords, repeat=2) } return cls._COMPOSE_1Q_LOOKUP[cls._hash(first), cls._hash(second)].copy() @classmethod def _compose_lookup( cls, ): if cls._COMPOSE_PHASE_LOOKUP is None: # A lookup table for calculating phases. The indices are # current_x, current_z, running_x_count, running_z_count # where all counts taken modulo 2. lookup = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2), dtype=int) lookup[0, 1, 1, 0] = lookup[1, 0, 1, 1] = lookup[1, 1, 0, 1] = -1 lookup[0, 1, 1, 1] = lookup[1, 0, 0, 1] = lookup[1, 1, 1, 0] = 1 lookup.setflags(write=False) cls._COMPOSE_PHASE_LOOKUP = lookup return cls._COMPOSE_PHASE_LOOKUP # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # Representation conversions # --------------------------------------------------------------------- def to_dict(self): """Return dictionary representation of Clifford object.""" return { "stabilizer": self.to_labels(mode="S"), "destabilizer": self.to_labels(mode="D"), } @classmethod def from_dict(cls, obj): """Load a Clifford from a dictionary""" labels = obj.get("destabilizer") + obj.get("stabilizer") n_paulis = len(labels) symp = cls._from_label(labels[0]) tableau = np.zeros((n_paulis, len(symp)), dtype=bool) tableau[0] = symp for i in range(1, n_paulis): tableau[i] = cls._from_label(labels[i]) return cls(tableau) def to_matrix(self): """Convert operator to Numpy matrix.""" return self.to_operator().data @classmethod def from_matrix(cls, matrix: np.ndarray) -> Clifford: """Create a Clifford from a unitary matrix. Note that this function takes exponentially long time w.r.t. the number of qubits. Args: matrix (np.array): A unitary matrix representing a Clifford to be converted. Returns: Clifford: the Clifford object for the unitary matrix. Raises: QiskitError: if the input is not a Clifford matrix. """ tableau = cls._unitary_matrix_to_tableau(matrix) if tableau is None: raise QiskitError("Non-Clifford matrix is not convertible") return cls(tableau) @classmethod def from_linear_function(cls, linear_function): """Create a Clifford from a Linear Function. If the linear function is represented by a nxn binary invertible matrix A, then the corresponding Clifford has symplectic matrix [[A^t, 0], [0, A^{-1}]]. Args: linear_function (LinearFunction): A linear function to be converted. Returns: Clifford: the Clifford object for this linear function. """ mat = linear_function.linear mat_t = np.transpose(mat) mat_i = calc_inverse_matrix(mat) dim = len(mat) zero = np.zeros((dim, dim), dtype=int) symplectic_mat = np.block([[mat_t, zero], [zero, mat_i]]) phase = np.zeros(2 * dim, dtype=int) tableau = cls._stack_table_phase(symplectic_mat, phase) return tableau @classmethod def from_permutation(cls, permutation_gate): """Create a Clifford from a PermutationGate. Args: permutation_gate (PermutationGate): A permutation to be converted. Returns: Clifford: the Clifford object for this permutation. """ pat = permutation_gate.pattern dim = len(pat) symplectic_mat = np.zeros((2 * dim, 2 * dim), dtype=int) for i, j in enumerate(pat): symplectic_mat[j, i] = True symplectic_mat[j + dim, i + dim] = True phase = np.zeros(2 * dim, dtype=bool) tableau = cls._stack_table_phase(symplectic_mat, phase) return tableau def to_operator(self) -> Operator: """Convert to an Operator object.""" return Operator(self.to_instruction()) @classmethod def from_operator(cls, operator: Operator) -> Clifford: """Create a Clifford from a operator. Note that this function takes exponentially long time w.r.t. the number of qubits. Args: operator (Operator): An operator representing a Clifford to be converted. Returns: Clifford: the Clifford object for the operator. Raises: QiskitError: if the input is not a Clifford operator. """ tableau = cls._unitary_matrix_to_tableau(operator.to_matrix()) if tableau is None: raise QiskitError("Non-Clifford operator is not convertible") return cls(tableau) def to_circuit(self): """Return a QuantumCircuit implementing the Clifford. For N <= 3 qubits this is based on optimal CX cost decomposition from reference [1]. For N > 3 qubits this is done using the general non-optimal compilation routine from reference [2]. Return: QuantumCircuit: a circuit implementation of the Clifford. References: 1. S. Bravyi, D. Maslov, *Hadamard-free circuits expose the structure of the Clifford group*, `arXiv:2003.09412 [quant-ph] <https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.09412>`_ 2. S. Aaronson, D. Gottesman, *Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits*, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052328 (2004). `arXiv:quant-ph/0406196 <https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0406196>`_ """ from qiskit.synthesis.clifford import synth_clifford_full return synth_clifford_full(self) def to_instruction(self): """Return a Gate instruction implementing the Clifford.""" return self.to_circuit().to_gate() @staticmethod def from_circuit(circuit: QuantumCircuit | Instruction) -> Clifford: """Initialize from a QuantumCircuit or Instruction. Args: circuit (QuantumCircuit or ~qiskit.circuit.Instruction): instruction to initialize. Returns: Clifford: the Clifford object for the instruction. Raises: QiskitError: if the input instruction is non-Clifford or contains classical register instruction. """ if not isinstance(circuit, (QuantumCircuit, Instruction)): raise QiskitError("Input must be a QuantumCircuit or Instruction") # Initialize an identity Clifford clifford = Clifford(np.eye(2 * circuit.num_qubits), validate=False) if isinstance(circuit, QuantumCircuit): clifford = _append_circuit(clifford, circuit) else: clifford = _append_operation(clifford, circuit) return clifford @staticmethod def from_label(label: str) -> Clifford: """Return a tensor product of single-qubit Clifford gates. Args: label (string): single-qubit operator string. Returns: Clifford: The N-qubit Clifford operator. Raises: QiskitError: if the label contains invalid characters. Additional Information: The labels correspond to the single-qubit Cliffords are * - Label - Stabilizer - Destabilizer * - ``"I"`` - +Z - +X * - ``"X"`` - -Z - +X * - ``"Y"`` - -Z - -X * - ``"Z"`` - +Z - -X * - ``"H"`` - +X - +Z * - ``"S"`` - +Z - +Y """ # Check label is valid label_gates = { "I": IGate(), "X": XGate(), "Y": YGate(), "Z": ZGate(), "H": HGate(), "S": SGate(), } if re.match(r"^[IXYZHS\-+]+$", label) is None: raise QiskitError("Label contains invalid characters.") # Initialize an identity matrix and apply each gate num_qubits = len(label) op = Clifford(np.eye(2 * num_qubits, dtype=bool)) for qubit, char in enumerate(reversed(label)): op = _append_operation(op, label_gates[char], qargs=[qubit]) return op def to_labels(self, array: bool = False, mode: Literal["S", "D", "B"] = "B"): r"""Convert a Clifford to a list Pauli (de)stabilizer string labels. For large Clifford converting using the ``array=True`` kwarg will be more efficient since it allocates memory for the full Numpy array of labels in advance. .. list-table:: Stabilizer Representations :header-rows: 1 * - Label - Phase - Symplectic - Matrix - Pauli * - ``"+I"`` - 0 - :math:`[0, 0]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`I` * - ``"-I"`` - 1 - :math:`[0, 0]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`-I` * - ``"X"`` - 0 - :math:`[1, 0]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`X` * - ``"-X"`` - 1 - :math:`[1, 0]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`-X` * - ``"Y"`` - 0 - :math:`[1, 1]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`iY` * - ``"-Y"`` - 1 - :math:`[1, 1]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`-iY` * - ``"Z"`` - 0 - :math:`[0, 1]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`Z` * - ``"-Z"`` - 1 - :math:`[0, 1]` - :math:`\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}` - :math:`-Z` Args: array (bool): return a Numpy array if True, otherwise return a list (Default: False). mode (Literal["S", "D", "B"]): return both stabilizer and destabilizer if "B", return only stabilizer if "S" and return only destabilizer if "D". Returns: list or array: The rows of the StabilizerTable in label form. Raises: QiskitError: if stabilizer and destabilizer are both False. """ if mode not in ("S", "B", "D"): raise QiskitError("mode must be B, S, or D.") size = 2 * self.num_qubits if mode == "B" else self.num_qubits offset = self.num_qubits if mode == "S" else 0 ret = np.zeros(size, dtype=f"<U{1 + self.num_qubits}") for i in range(size): z = self.tableau[i + offset, self.num_qubits : 2 * self.num_qubits] x = self.tableau[i + offset, 0 : self.num_qubits] phase = int(self.tableau[i + offset, -1]) * 2 label = BasePauli._to_label(z, x, phase, group_phase=True) if label[0] != "-": label = "+" + label ret[i] = label if array: return ret return ret.tolist() # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # Internal helper functions # --------------------------------------------------------------------- def _hash(self): """Produce a hashable value that is unique for each different Clifford. This should only be used internally when the classes being hashed are under our control, because classes of this type are mutable.""" return np.packbits(self.tableau).tobytes() @staticmethod def _is_symplectic(mat): """Return True if input is symplectic matrix.""" # Condition is # table.T * [[0, 1], [1, 0]] * table = [[0, 1], [1, 0]] # where we are block matrix multiplying using symplectic product dim = len(mat) // 2 if mat.shape != (2 * dim, 2 * dim): return False one = np.eye(dim, dtype=int) zero = np.zeros((dim, dim), dtype=int) seye = np.block([[zero, one], [one, zero]]) arr = mat.astype(int) return np.array_equal(np.mod(arr.T.dot(seye).dot(arr), 2), seye) @staticmethod def _conjugate_transpose(clifford, method): """Return the adjoint, conjugate, or transpose of the Clifford. Args: clifford (Clifford): a clifford object. method (str): what function to apply 'A', 'C', or 'T'. Returns: Clifford: the modified clifford. """ ret = clifford.copy() if method in ["A", "T"]: # Apply inverse # Update table tmp = ret.destab_x.copy() ret.destab_x = ret.stab_z.T ret.destab_z = ret.destab_z.T ret.stab_x = ret.stab_x.T ret.stab_z = tmp.T # Update phase ret.phase ^= clifford.dot(ret).phase if method in ["C", "T"]: # Apply conjugate ret.phase ^= np.mod(_count_y(ret.x, ret.z), 2).astype(bool) return ret def _pad_with_identity(self, clifford, qargs): """Pad Clifford with identities on other subsystems.""" if qargs is None: return clifford padded = Clifford(np.eye(2 * self.num_qubits, dtype=bool), validate=False, copy=False) inds = list(qargs) + [self.num_qubits + i for i in qargs] # Pad Pauli array for i, pos in enumerate(qargs): padded.tableau[inds, pos] = clifford.tableau[:, i] padded.tableau[inds, self.num_qubits + pos] = clifford.tableau[ :, clifford.num_qubits + i ] # Pad phase padded.phase[inds] = clifford.phase return padded @staticmethod def _stack_table_phase(table, phase): return np.hstack((table, phase.reshape(len(phase), 1))) @staticmethod def _from_label(label): phase = False if label[0] in ("-", "+"): phase = label[0] == "-" label = label[1:] num_qubits = len(label) symp = np.zeros(2 * num_qubits + 1, dtype=bool) xs = symp[0:num_qubits] zs = symp[num_qubits : 2 * num_qubits] for i, char in enumerate(label): if char not in ["I", "X", "Y", "Z"]: raise QiskitError( f"Pauli string contains invalid character: {char} not in ['I', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']." ) if char in ("X", "Y"): xs[num_qubits - 1 - i] = True if char in ("Z", "Y"): zs[num_qubits - 1 - i] = True symp[-1] = phase return symp @staticmethod def _pauli_matrix_to_row(mat, num_qubits): """Generate a binary vector (a row of tableau representation) from a Pauli matrix. Return None if the non-Pauli matrix is supplied.""" # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements def find_one_index(x, decimals=6): indices = np.where(np.round(np.abs(x), decimals) == 1) return indices[0][0] if len(indices[0]) == 1 else None def bitvector(n, num_bits): return np.array([int(digit) for digit in format(n, f"0{num_bits}b")], dtype=bool)[::-1] # compute x-bits xint = find_one_index(mat[0, :]) if xint is None: return None xbits = bitvector(xint, num_qubits) # extract non-zero elements from matrix (rounded to 1, -1, 1j or -1j) entries = np.empty(len(mat), dtype=complex) for i, row in enumerate(mat): index = find_one_index(row) if index is None: return None expected = xint ^ i if index != expected: return None entries[i] = np.round(mat[i, index]) # compute z-bits zbits = np.empty(num_qubits, dtype=bool) for k in range(num_qubits): sign = np.round(entries[2**k] / entries[0]) if sign == 1: zbits[k] = False elif sign == -1: zbits[k] = True else: return None # compute phase phase = None num_y = sum(xbits & zbits) positive_phase = (-1j) ** num_y if entries[0] == positive_phase: phase = False elif entries[0] == -1 * positive_phase: phase = True if phase is None: return None # validate all non-zero elements coef = ((-1) ** phase) * positive_phase ivec, zvec = np.ones(2), np.array([1, -1]) expected = coef * functools.reduce(np.kron, [zvec if z else ivec for z in zbits[::-1]]) if not np.allclose(entries, expected): return None return np.hstack([xbits, zbits, phase]) @staticmethod def _unitary_matrix_to_tableau(matrix): # pylint: disable=invalid-name num_qubits = int(np.log2(len(matrix))) stab = np.empty((num_qubits, 2 * num_qubits + 1), dtype=bool) for i in range(num_qubits): label = "I" * (num_qubits - i - 1) + "X" + "I" * i Xi = Operator.from_label(label).to_matrix() target = matrix @ Xi @ np.conj(matrix).T row = Clifford._pauli_matrix_to_row(target, num_qubits) if row is None: return None stab[i] = row destab = np.empty((num_qubits, 2 * num_qubits + 1), dtype=bool) for i in range(num_qubits): label = "I" * (num_qubits - i - 1) + "Z" + "I" * i Zi = Operator.from_label(label).to_matrix() target = matrix @ Zi @ np.conj(matrix).T row = Clifford._pauli_matrix_to_row(target, num_qubits) if row is None: return None destab[i] = row tableau = np.vstack([stab, destab]) return tableau # Update docstrings for API docs generate_apidocs(Clifford)
https://github.com/MarvOdo/Quantum-Counting
MarvOdo
#Implementation of Quantum Counting Algorithm in Qiskit #By Marvin Odobashi import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.circuit.library.standard_gates import ZGate #qubits that determine precision of algorithm p = 7 #qubits to represent possible inputs to Boolean Function n = 4 upper = QuantumRegister(p, 'upper') #1 ancilla qubit to phase shift "correct" states with oracle lower = QuantumRegister(n+1, 'lower') measurements = ClassicalRegister(p, 'measurements') qc = QuantumCircuit(upper, lower, measurements) #There exists some unknown n-bit input Boolean Function F: {0, 1}^n -> {0, 1} #Assume we have this oracle that will phase shift solution states #In this speific case I have picked n=4, but the "solution state selectors" have been defined for a general n def oracle(qc): w = qc.width() #controlled z gate (phase shift state if it is a solution) ctrlz = ZGate().control(w-1) #ctrlz for |1111..> qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) #ctrlz for |0000..> qc.x(range(w-1)) qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) qc.x(range(w-1)) #ctrlz for |10..01> qc.x(range(1, w-2)) qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) qc.x(range(1, w-2)) #ctrlz for |01..10> qc.x([0, w-2]) qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) qc.x([0, w-2]) #ctrlz for |0111..> #qc.x([0]) #qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) #qc.x([0]) #ctrlz for |1011..> #qc.x([1]) #qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) #qc.x([1]) return qc #Grover operator to be repeated def grover(qc): w = qc.width() #oracle qc = oracle(qc) #Hadamard-All qc.h(range(w-1)) #Check if all are 0 ctrlz = ZGate().control(w-1) qc.x(range(w-1)) qc.append(ctrlz, range(w)) qc.x(range(w-1)) #Hadamard-All qc.h(range(w-1)) return qc from qiskit.circuit.library import QFT #quantum counting def quantumCount(qc): #create controlled gate version of grover operation ctrlGrover = grover(QuantumCircuit(lower)).to_gate(label='CG').control(1) #initialize circuit, flip last (ancilla) qubit so it can be used for phase shifting by oracle qc.h(upper) qc.h(lower[0:-1]) qc.x(lower[-1]) #repeat controlled grover 2^i times for i in {0, p-1} for i in range(p): for j in range(2**i): #controlled grover, ith upper qubit as control, lower register is operated on qc.append(ctrlGrover, [qc.qubits[i]] + qc.qubits[p:]) #apply inverse QFT on upper register #using built-in QFT for convenience iqft = QFT(num_qubits=p, inverse=True).to_gate(label='iQFT') qc.append(iqft, qc.qubits[:p]) #measure upper register qc.measure(range(p), range(p)) return qc #full circuit final = quantumCount(qc) #final.draw('mpl') from qiskit import transpile from qiskit.providers.aer import AerSimulator backend = AerSimulator() qc_compiled = transpile(final, backend) job_sim = backend.run(qc_compiled, shots=1024) result_sim = job_sim.result() counts = result_sim.get_counts(qc_compiled) #from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram #plot_histogram(counts) #take highest counted state measured_n = int(max(counts, key=counts.get), 2) #get theta theta = 2*np.pi*measured_n/(2**p) #compute number of solutions num_sol = (2**n)*np.cos(theta/2)**2 #compute error (formula from https://qiskit.org/textbook/ch-algorithms/quantum-counting.html#finding_m) N = 2**n M = N * np.sin(theta / 2)**2 error = (np.sqrt(2*M*N) + N/(2**(p)))*(2**(-p+1)) print(f"""Actual Number of Solutions = 4\n Quantum Counting Number of Solutions = {num_sol:.1f}\n Quantum Counting Error < {error:.2f}""")
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import BasicAer, transpile, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit qr = QuantumRegister(1) cr = ClassicalRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) qc.h(0) qc.measure(0, 0) qc.draw('mpl')
https://github.com/AbdulahAmer/PHYS-31415-Summer-2021
AbdulahAmer
# Do not forget to Import Qiskit from qiskit.visualization import * from qiskit import * S_simulator=Aer.backends(name='statevector_simulator')[0] M_simulator=Aer.backends(name='qasm_simulator')[0] # We will have two top qubits (n=2) and one bottom qubit so our circuit # will have 3 qubits in total. # Initialize *** grover = QuantumCircuit(3,3) # put the last qubit into the |1> state. one=[0,1] grover.initialize(one, 1) #barrier to seperate steps for organization grover.barrier() # Apply H to all the gates *** grover.h(0) grover.h(1) grover.h(2) #barrier to seperate steps for organization grover.barrier() #Black box Oracle *** grover.append(circuit.library.MCXGate(2, ctrl_state='10'), [0,1,2]) grover.barrier() # Phase Shift *** # Apply H to top qubits grover.h(0) grover.h(1) # Apply X to top qubits grover.x(0) grover.x(1) #barrier for organization grover.barrier() # H on second qubit grover.h(1) #barrier for organization grover.barrier() # Cnot on first and second qubits grover.cx(0,1) # barrier for organization grover.barrier() # H on second qubit grover.h(1) #barrier grover.barrier() # X on first and second qubits grover.x(0) grover.x(1) #barrier grover.barrier() # Apply H at the end *** grover.h(0) grover.h(1) grover.h(2) # barrier grover.barrier() # measure all the qubits and put the measurements in their corresponding classical bits grover.measure([0,1,2], [0,1,2]) #draw it out grover.draw(output='mpl')
https://github.com/usamisaori/qLipschitz
usamisaori
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris import pennylane as qml import numpy as np from pennylane.optimize import AdamOptimizer import matplotlib.pyplot as plt X, Y = load_iris(return_X_y=True) X_train_0 = X[0:30] X_train_1 = X[50:80] X_train = np.vstack((X_train_0, X_train_1)) Y_train_0 = Y[0:30] Y_train_1 = Y[50:80] Y_train = np.vstack((Y_train_0, Y_train_1)).flatten() X, Y = load_iris(return_X_y=True) X_test_0 = X[30:50] X_test_1 = X[80:100] X_test = np.vstack((X_test_0, X_test_1)) Y_test_0 = Y[30:50] Y_test_1 = Y[80:100] Y_test = np.vstack((Y_test_0, Y_test_1)).flatten() X_train = (X_train - X_train.min(axis=0)) / (X_train.max(axis=0) - X_train.min(axis=0)) X_test = (X_test - X_test.min(axis=0)) / (X_test.max(axis=0) - X_test.min(axis=0)) qubits_num = 4 layers_num = 2 dev = qml.device("default.qubit",wires=qubits_num) class VQC: def __init__(self): # 3 => U3(theta, phi, lambda) self.params = (0.01 * np.random.randn(layers_num, qubits_num, 3)) params = [-0.61058476, -0.23619078, -0.67559108] self.params = [ [params, params, params, params], [params, params, params, params], ] self.bestparams = self.params self.bestcost = 10 self.opt = AdamOptimizer(0.125) self.weights = [] self.costs = [] self.accuracies = [] def fit(self, X_train, Y_train, epoch=300): batch_size = 20 for turn in range(epoch): # Update the weights by one optimizer step batch_index = np.random.randint(0, len(X_train), (batch_size,)) X_train_batch = X_train[batch_index] Y_train_batch = Y_train[batch_index] self.params = self.opt.step(lambda v: cost(v, X_train_batch, Y_train_batch), self.params) cost_now = cost(self.params, X_train, Y_train) acc_now = accuracy(self.params, X_train, Y_train) if cost_now < self.bestcost: self.bestcost = cost_now self.bestparams = self.params self.weights.append(self.params) self.costs.append(cost_now) self.accuracies.append(acc_now) print( "Turn: {:5d} | Cost: {:0.7f} | Accuracy: {:0.2f}% ".format( turn, cost_now, acc_now * 100 )) def score(self, X_test, Y_test): predictions = [ predict(self.bestparams, data) for data in X_test ] acc = accuracy(self.bestparams, X_test, Y_test) print("FINAL ACCURACY: {:0.2f}%".format(acc * 100)) @qml.qnode(dev) def circuit(params, data): angles = [ i * np.pi for i in data ] for i in range(qubits_num): qml.RX(angles[i], wires=i) qml.Rot( *params[0, i], wires=i ) qml.CZ(wires=[1, 0]) qml.CZ(wires=[1, 2]) qml.CZ(wires=[2, 3]) qml.CZ(wires=[0, 3]) for i in range(qubits_num): qml.Rot( *params[1, i], wires=i ) # PauliZ measure => 1 -> |0> while -1 -> |1> return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0)), qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(1)), qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(2)), qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(3)) import qiskit import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from qiskit import Aer, execute unitary_backend = Aer.get_backend('unitary_simulator') qasm_backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') def predict(params, data): qcircuit = QuantumCircuit(4, 4) qubits = qcircuit.qubits for i, d in enumerate(data): qcircuit.rx(d * np.pi, qubits[i]) for i in range(qubits_num): qcircuit.u3(*params[0][i], qubits[i]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[0], qubits[1]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[1], qubits[2]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[2], qubits[3]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[0], qubits[3]) for i in range(qubits_num): qcircuit.u3(*params[1][i], qubits[i]) # the measurement qcircuit.measure([0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 2, 3]) # job execution shots = 1000 job_sim = execute(qcircuit, qasm_backend, shots=shots) result_sim = job_sim.result() counts = result_sim.get_counts(qcircuit) p1 = (counts.get('1000', 0) + counts.get('1001', 0) + counts.get('1010', 0) + counts.get('1011',0) + \ counts.get('1100',0) + counts.get('1101',0) + counts.get('1110',0) + counts.get('1111',0)) / shots if p1 > 0.5: return 1 else: return 0 def cost(weights, datas, labels): loss = 0 for i, data in enumerate(datas): # like [-1, 1, 1] measured = circuit(weights, data) p = measured[0] if labels[i] == 0: loss += (1 - p) ** 2 else: loss += (-1 - p) ** 2 return loss / len(datas) def accuracy(weights, datas, labels): predictions = [ predict(weights, data) for data in datas ] acc = 0 for i, p in enumerate(predictions): if p == labels[i]: acc += 1 return acc / len(predictions) vqc = VQC() vqc.fit(X_train, Y_train, epoch=1) print(vqc.weights[26]) vqc.bestparams = vqc.weights[26] vqc.score(X_test, Y_test) vqc.score(X_train, Y_train) vqc.bestparams def createCircuit(params, data): qcircuit = QuantumCircuit(4, 4) qubits = qcircuit.qubits for i, d in enumerate(data): qcircuit.rx(d * np.pi, qubits[i]) for i in range(qubits_num): qcircuit.u3(*params[0][i], qubits[i]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[0], qubits[1]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[1], qubits[2]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[2], qubits[3]) qcircuit.cz(qubits[0], qubits[3]) for i in range(qubits_num): qcircuit.u3(*params[1][i], qubits[i]) return qcircuit vqc.bestparams qcircuit = createCircuit(vqc.bestparams, X_train[0]) qcircuit.draw(output='mpl') print(X_train[15]) print(Y_train[15]) print(X_train[35]) print(Y_train[35]) circuit = QuantumCircuit(1, 1) qubits = circuit.qubits
https://github.com/GabrielPontolillo/Quantum_Algorithm_Implementations
GabrielPontolillo
#initialization import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import math # importing Qiskit from qiskit import Aer, transpile, assemble from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, ClassicalRegister, QuantumRegister from qiskit.circuit.library import QFT # import basic plot tools from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_bloch_multivector def qft_dagger(qc, n): """n-qubit QFTdagger the first n qubits in circ""" # Don't forget the Swaps! for qubit in range(n//2): qc.swap(qubit, n-qubit-1) for j in range(n): for m in range(j): qc.cp(-math.pi/float(2**(j-m)), m, j) qc.h(j) #Modified to remove prints def generalised_qpe_timing(amt_estimation_qubits, angle, shots=4096): # Create and set up circuit qpe3 = QuantumCircuit(amt_estimation_qubits+1, amt_estimation_qubits) # Apply H-Gates to counting qubits: for qubit in range(amt_estimation_qubits): qpe3.h(qubit) # Prepare our eigenstate |psi>: qpe3.x(amt_estimation_qubits) repetitions = 1 for counting_qubit in range(amt_estimation_qubits): for i in range(repetitions): qpe3.cp(angle, counting_qubit, amt_estimation_qubits); repetitions *= 2 # Do the inverse QFT: qft_dagger(qpe3, amt_estimation_qubits) # Measure of course! qpe3.barrier() for n in range(amt_estimation_qubits): qpe3.measure(n,n) #print(qpe3) # Let's see the results! aer_sim = Aer.get_backend('aer_simulator') t_qpe3 = transpile(qpe3, aer_sim) qobj = assemble(t_qpe3, shots=shots) results = aer_sim.run(qobj).result() answer = results.get_counts() ##return(plot_histogram(answer)) ##comment out the return if you want to see the histogram ## do not output value to not skew timing return ((int(answer.most_frequent(), 2)/2**amt_estimation_qubits)) generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) #generalised_qpe(2,(2*math.pi/4)) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000) %timeit -p 8 -r 1 -n 1 generalised_qpe_timing(8,(2*math.pi/3),10000)
https://github.com/bayesian-randomized-benchmarking/qiskit-advocates-bayes-RB
bayesian-randomized-benchmarking
import numpy as np import copy from qiskit_experiments.library import StandardRB, InterleavedRB from qiskit_experiments.framework import ParallelExperiment from qiskit_experiments.library.randomized_benchmarking import RBUtils import qiskit.circuit.library as circuits # import the bayesian packages import pymc3 as pm import arviz as az import qiskit_bayesian_fitter as bf # define backend from qiskit.providers.aer import AerSimulator from qiskit.test.mock import FakeParis backend = AerSimulator.from_backend(FakeParis()) # describe RB experiment qubits = [0] lengths = np.arange(1, 2500, 250) num_samples = 10 seed = 3018 exp1 = StandardRB(qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) expdata1 = exp1.run(backend).block_for_results() results1 = expdata1.analysis_results() #prepare circuits exp1 = StandardRB(qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) #run expdata1 = exp1.run(backend).block_for_results() nQ = len(qubits) scale = (2 ** nQ - 1) / 2 ** nQ m_len = len(lengths) interleaved_gate = "" # for plot title experiment_type = expdata1._data[0]['metadata']['experiment_type'] physical_qubits = expdata1._data[0]['metadata']['physical_qubits'] shots = expdata1._data[0]['shots'] # to compare ultimately: EPC and sigma(EPC) by LSF epc_est_fm = expdata1.analysis_results()[2].value.value epc_est_fm_err = expdata1.analysis_results()[2].value.stderr # get count data and other values from expdata1 Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(expdata1._data, m_len, range(num_samples)) X = np.copy(lengths) y_mean = np.mean(Y, axis = 0)/shots sigma_y = np.std(Y, axis = 0)/shots model = "hierarchical model" # priors for unknown model parameters T_priors = expdata1.analysis_results()[0].value.value print(T_priors) testval_s = 0.001 upper_s = 0.004 lower_s = 0.0001 alpha_Gamma = 10 beta_Gamma = 10000 h_model = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots, scale, testval_s = testval_s ,upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) # model graph pm.model_to_graphviz(h_model) # sample with h_model: trace_h = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) with h_model: az.plot_trace(trace_h); with h_model: az.plot_posterior(trace_h, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], round_to = 4, figsize = [16, 8]); # look at the posterior values of the hyperparameters: with h_model: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) azt_summary = az.summary(trace_h, round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters", "σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") azt_summary # for comparison # reference epc_calib = np.nan # bayesian epc_est_a = azt_summary['mean']['EPC'] epc_est_a_err = azt_summary['sd']['EPC'] # frequentist epc_est_fm = expdata1.analysis_results()[2].value.value epc_est_fm_err = expdata1.analysis_results()[2].value.stderr epc_title = experiment_type +', qubit(s):' + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name() + "\n Bayesian "+model bf.plot_epc(h_model, trace_h, epc_calib, epc_est_a, epc_est_a_err, epc_est_fm, epc_est_fm_err, epc_title) # backend's recorded EPG error_dic = RBUtils.get_error_dict_from_backend(backend, qubits) # get the EPG values EPG_dic = {} REF_dic = {} for i in range(3,6): EPG_key = expdata1.analysis_results()[i].name EPG_dic[EPG_key] = expdata1.analysis_results()[i].value.value for elem in (error_dic): if 'EPG_' + elem[1] == EPG_key: REF_dic[EPG_key] = error_dic[elem] # compare LSF and SMC print("Model: Frequentist Bayesian Reference") print("________________________________________________________") print("EPC {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} {2:1.3e}" .format(epc_est_fm, epc_est_a, epc_calib )) print("± sd ± {0:1.3e} ± {1:1.3e} " .format(epc_est_fm_err, epc_est_a_err)) for i, (gate,EPG) in enumerate(EPG_dic.items()): print("{0:<12}{1:1.3e} {2:1.3e} {3:1.3e} " .format(gate, EPG, EPG*epc_est_a/epc_est_fm, REF_dic[gate])) # prepare box for GSP plot texto = "alpha = {0:7.4f} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt_summary['mean']['Tying_Parameters[1]'], azt_summary['sd']['Tying_Parameters[1]']) + "\n" texto += "EPC = {0:1.4e} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt_summary['mean']['EPC'], azt_summary['sd']['EPC']) + "\n" for i, (gate,EPG) in enumerate(EPG_dic.items()): texto += " {0:<8} = {1:1.4e} "\ .format(gate.ljust(6), EPG*epc_est_a/epc_est_fm) + "\n" texto += " Fit χ² = {0:7.4f} "\ .format(bf.reduced_chisquare(y_mean, sigma_y, trace_h)) bounds_rmk, y1, y1_min, y1_max = bf.prepare_data_GSP_plot(h_model, trace_h, HDI = False) title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate\ + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name()+\ "\n Bayesian "+model+" "+ bounds_rmk bf.gsp_plot(scale, lengths, num_samples, shots, texto, title, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2=None, y2_min=None, y2_max=None, Y1=Y, Y2=None, first_curve = "Calculated values", second_curve = None) # View data for frequentist model display(expdata1.figure(0)) lengths = np.arange(1, 200, 15) num_samples = 10 seed = 3018 qubits = (1,4) # Run a 1-qubit RB expriment on qubits 1, 4 to determine the error-per-gate of 1-qubit gates expdata_1q = {} epg_1q = [] lengths_1_qubit = np.arange(1, 2500, 250) for qubit in qubits: exp = StandardRB([qubit], lengths_1_qubit, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) expdata = exp.run(backend).block_for_results() expdata_1q[qubit] = expdata epg_1q += expdata.analysis_results() # Run an RB experiment on qubits 1, 4 exp2 = StandardRB(qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) # Use the EPG data of the 1-qubit runs to ensure correct 2-qubit EPG computation exp2.set_analysis_options(epg_1_qubit=epg_1q) # Run the 2-qubit experiment expdata2 = exp2.run(backend).block_for_results() # View result data results2 = expdata2.analysis_results() # Compare the computed EPG of the cx gate with the backend's recorded cx gate error: expected_epg = RBUtils.get_error_dict_from_backend(backend, qubits)[(qubits, 'cx')] exp2_epg = expdata2.analysis_results("EPG_cx").value print("Backend's reported EPG of the cx gate:", expected_epg) print("Experiment computed EPG of the cx gate:", exp2_epg) trace_1q = {} scale_1q = .5 for qubit in qubits: Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(expdata_1q[qubit]._data, len(lengths_1_qubit), range(num_samples)) X = np.copy(lengths_1_qubit) shots_1_qubit = expdata_1q[qubit]._data[0]['shots'] T_priors = expdata_1q[qubit].analysis_results()[0].value.value testval_s = 0.001 upper_s = 0.004 lower_s = 0.0001 alpha_Gamma = 10 beta_Gamma = 10000 h1_model = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots_1_qubit, scale_1q, testval_s = testval_s ,upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) with h1_model: trace_h1 = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) trace_1q[qubit] = trace_h1 nQ = len(qubits) scale = (2 ** nQ - 1) / 2 ** nQ m_len = len(lengths) interleaved_gate = "" # for plot title experiment_type = expdata2._data[0]['metadata']['experiment_type'] physical_qubits = expdata2._data[0]['metadata']['physical_qubits'] shots = expdata2._data[0]['shots'] # get count data and other values from expdata2 Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(expdata2._data, m_len, range(num_samples)) X = np.copy(lengths) y_mean = np.mean(Y, axis = 0)/shots sigma_y = np.std(Y, axis = 0)/shots model = "hierarchical model" # priors for unknown model parameters T_priors = expdata2.analysis_results()[0].value.value print(T_priors) testval_s = 0.0025 upper_s = 0.005 lower_s = 0.0005 alpha_Gamma = 5 beta_Gamma = 2000 h2_model = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots, scale, testval_s = testval_s ,upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) # model graph pm.model_to_graphviz(h2_model) # sample with h2_model: trace_h2 = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) with h2_model: az.plot_trace(trace_h2); with h2_model: az.plot_posterior(trace_h2, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], round_to = 4, figsize = [16, 8]); # look at the posterior values of the hyperparameters: with h2_model: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) azt2_summary = az.summary(trace_h2, round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters", "σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") azt2_summary # for comparison # reference epc_calib = np.nan # bayesian epc_est_a = azt2_summary['mean']['EPC'] epc_est_a_err = azt2_summary['sd']['EPC'] # frequentist epc_est_fm = expdata2.analysis_results()[2].value.value epc_est_fm_err = expdata2.analysis_results()[2].value.stderr epc_title = experiment_type +', qubit(s):' + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name() + "\n Bayesian "+model bf.plot_epc(h2_model, trace_h2, epc_calib, epc_est_a, epc_est_a_err, epc_est_fm, epc_est_fm_err, epc_title) # obtain posterior values of the hyperparameters: azts_1q = [] for i_qubit, qubit in enumerate(qubits): with h2_model: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) azts_1q.append( az.summary(trace_1q[qubit], round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters", "σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") ) # retrieve gates per clifford from frequentist results alpha_1q = [epg_1q[1].value.value, epg_1q[7].value.value] epc_2_qubit = expdata2.analysis_results()[2].value.value alpha_c_1q = 1 / 5 * (alpha_1q[0] + alpha_1q[1] + 3 * alpha_1q[0] * alpha_1q[1]) alpha_c_2q = (1 - 4 / 3 * epc_2_qubit) / alpha_c_1q n_gate_2q = 3 / 4 * (1 - alpha_c_2q) / exp2_epg.value # calculate epg cx from the bayesian results alpha_1q_b = [azts_1q[0]['mean']['Tying_Parameters[1]'], azts_1q[1]['mean']['Tying_Parameters[1]']] epc_2_qubit_b = azt2_summary['mean']['EPC'] alpha_c_1q_b = 1 / 5 * (alpha_1q_b[0] + alpha_1q_b[1] + 3 * alpha_1q_b[0] * alpha_1q_b[1]) alpha_c_2q_b = (1 - 4 / 3 * epc_2_qubit_b) / alpha_c_1q_b epg_cx = 3 / 4 * (1 - alpha_c_2q_b) / n_gate_2q # compare LSF and SMC print("Model: Frequentist Bayesian Reference") print("________________________________________________________") print("EPC {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} -----" .format(epc_est_fm, epc_est_a )) print("± sd ± {0:1.3e} ± {1:1.3e} " .format(epc_est_fm_err, epc_est_a_err)) print("EPG_cx {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} {2:1.3e}" .format(exp2_epg.value, epg_cx, expected_epg)) # prepare box for GSP plot texto = " alpha = {0:7.4f} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt2_summary['mean']['Tying_Parameters[1]'], azt2_summary['sd']['Tying_Parameters[1]']) + "\n" texto += " EPC = {0:1.4e} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt2_summary['mean']['EPC'], azt2_summary['sd']['EPC']) + "\n" texto += " EPG_cx = {0:7.4f}"\ .format(epg_cx) + "\n" texto += " Fit χ² = {0:7.4f} "\ .format(bf.reduced_chisquare(y_mean, sigma_y, trace_h2)) bounds_rmk, y1, y1_min, y1_max = bf.prepare_data_GSP_plot(h2_model, trace_h2) title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate\ + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name()+\ "\n Bayesian "+model+" "+ bounds_rmk bf.gsp_plot(scale, lengths, num_samples, shots, texto, title, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2=None, y2_min=None, y2_max=None, Y1=Y, Y2=None, first_curve = "Calculated values", second_curve = None) # View result for frequentist model display(expdata2.figure(0)) interleaved_gate = "x" interleaved_circuit = circuits.XGate() qubits = [0] lengths = np.arange(1, 2500, 250) testval_s = 0.001 upper_s = 0.004 lower_s = 0.0005 alpha_Gamma = 10 beta_Gamma = 10000 num_samples = 10 seed = 41730 epc_calib = REF_dic['EPG_' + interleaved_gate] print('EPC reference: {0:1.4e}'.format(epc_calib)) #prepare circuits int1exp = InterleavedRB(interleaved_circuit, qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) #run int1expdata = int1exp.run(backend).block_for_results() experiment_type = int1expdata._data[0]['metadata']['experiment_type'] physical_qubits = int1expdata._data[0]['metadata']['physical_qubits'] shots = int1expdata._data[0]['shots'] nQ = len(qubits) scale = (2 ** nQ - 1) / 2 ** nQ m_len = len(lengths) # get count data and other values from int1expdata Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(int1expdata._data, 2*m_len, range(num_samples)) # get RvsI_h and IvsR_h RvsI_h = np.ones(2*m_len) for i_data in range(2*m_len): if int1expdata._data[i_data]['metadata']['interleaved']: RvsI_h[i_data] = 0. IvsR_h = (RvsI_h + 1.) %2 X0 = np.tile(lengths,2) X = np.vstack((X0,RvsI_h,IvsR_h)) y_mean = np.mean(Y, axis = 0)/shots sigma_y = np.std(Y, axis = 0)/shots model = "hierarchical model" # priors for unknown model parameters T_priors = int1expdata.analysis_results()[0].value.value print(T_priors) hv1 = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots, scale, testval_s = testval_s, upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) # model graph pm.model_to_graphviz(hv1) # sample with hv1: trace_hv1 = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) with hv1: az.plot_trace(trace_hv1); with hv1: az.plot_posterior(trace_hv1, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], round_to = 4, figsize = [16, 8]); # look at the posterior values of the hyperparameters: with hv1: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) aztv1_summary = az.summary(trace_hv1, round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") aztv1_summary # for comparison # bayesian epc_est_a = aztv1_summary['mean']['EPC'] epc_est_a_err = aztv1_summary['sd']['EPC'] # frequentist epc_est_fm = int1expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.value epc_est_fm_err = int1expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.stderr epc_title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate \ + " qubit(s):" + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+ backend.name() + "\n Bayesian "+model bf.plot_epc(hv1, trace_hv1, epc_calib, epc_est_a, epc_est_a_err, epc_est_fm, epc_est_fm_err, epc_title) # compare LSF and SMC print("Model: Frequentist Bayesian Reference") print("__________________________________________________________") print("EPC {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} {2:1.3e}" .format(epc_est_fm,epc_est_a,epc_calib )) print("± sd ± {0:1.3e} ± {1:1.3e} " .format(epc_est_fm_err, epc_est_a_err)) # for WIP import importlib importlib.reload(bf) # obtain data for plot bounds_rmk, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2 = \ bf.prepare_two_curves_GSP_plot(hv1, trace_hv1, X, Y, HDI = False) reduced_chisq = bf.reduced_chisquare(y_mean, sigma_y, trace_hv1) texto = bf.get_box_interleaved(aztv1_summary, reduced_chisq) title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate\ + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name()+\ "\n Bayesian "+model+" "+ bounds_rmk # plot bf.gsp_plot(scale, lengths, num_samples, shots, texto, title, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2, first_curve = "Standard", second_curve = "Interleaved") # View result for frequentist model display(int1expdata.figure(0)) interleaved_gate = "cx" interleaved_circuit = circuits.CXGate() qubits = [1,4] lengths = np.arange(1, 200, 15) testval_s = 0.0025 upper_s = 0.005 lower_s = 0.0005 alpha_Gamma = 5 beta_Gamma = 2000 num_samples = 10 seed = 3018 epc_calib = expected_epg print('EPC reference: {0:1.4e}'.format(epc_calib)) #prepare circuits int_exp = InterleavedRB(interleaved_circuit, qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) #run int_expdata = int_exp.run(backend).block_for_results() experiment_type = int_expdata._data[0]['metadata']['experiment_type'] physical_qubits = int_expdata._data[0]['metadata']['physical_qubits'] shots = int_expdata._data[0]['shots'] nQ = len(qubits) scale = (2 ** nQ - 1) / 2 ** nQ m_len = len(lengths) # get count data and other values from int_expdata Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(int_expdata._data, 2*m_len, range(num_samples)) # get RvsI_h and IvsR_h RvsI_h = np.ones(2*m_len) for i_data in range(2*m_len): if int_expdata._data[i_data]['metadata']['interleaved']: RvsI_h[i_data] = 0. IvsR_h = (RvsI_h + 1.) %2 X0 = np.tile(lengths,2) X = np.vstack((X0,RvsI_h,IvsR_h)) y_mean = np.mean(Y, axis = 0)/shots sigma_y = np.std(Y, axis = 0)/shots model = "hierarchical model" # priors for unknown model parameters T_priors = int_expdata.analysis_results()[0].value.value print(T_priors) hv2 = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots, scale, testval_s = testval_s, upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) # model graph pm.model_to_graphviz(hv2) # sample with hv2: trace_hv2 = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) with hv2: az.plot_trace(trace_hv2); with hv2: az.plot_posterior(trace_hv2, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], round_to = 4, figsize = [16, 8]); # look at the posterior values of the hyperparameters: with hv2: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) aztv2_summary = az.summary(trace_hv2, round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") aztv2_summary # for comparison # bayesian epc_est_a = aztv2_summary['mean']['EPC'] epc_est_a_err = aztv2_summary['sd']['EPC'] # frequentist epc_est_fm = int_expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.value epc_est_fm_err = int_expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.stderr epc_title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate \ + " qubit(s):" + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+ backend.name() + "\n Bayesian "+model bf.plot_epc(hv2, trace_hv2, epc_calib, epc_est_a, epc_est_a_err, epc_est_fm, epc_est_fm_err, epc_title) # compare LSF and SMC print("Model: Frequentist Bayesian Reference") print("__________________________________________________________") print("EPC {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} {2:1.3e}" .format(epc_est_fm,epc_est_a,epc_calib )) print("± sd ± {0:1.3e} ± {1:1.3e} " .format(epc_est_fm_err, epc_est_a_err)) # obtain data for plot bounds_rmk, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2 = \ bf.prepare_two_curves_GSP_plot(hv2, trace_hv2, X, Y, HDI = False) reduced_chisq = bf.reduced_chisquare(y_mean, sigma_y, trace_hv2) texto = bf.get_box_interleaved(aztv2_summary, reduced_chisq) title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate\ + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name()+\ "\n Bayesian "+model+" "+ bounds_rmk # plot bf.gsp_plot(scale, lengths, num_samples, shots, texto, title, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2, first_curve = "Standard", second_curve = "Interleaved") # View result for frequentist model display(int_expdata.figure(0))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/community.qiskit.org
qiskit-community
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt import numpy as np from qiskit import * from qiskit.visualization import plot_bloch_vector plt.figure() ax = plt.gca() ax.quiver([3], [5], angles='xy', scale_units='xy', scale=1) ax.set_xlim([-1, 10]) ax.set_ylim([-1, 10]) plt.draw() plt.show() plot_bloch_vector([1, 0, 0]) plot_bloch_vector([0, 0, 0])
https://github.com/GIRISHBELANI/QC_Benchmarks_using_dm-simulator
GIRISHBELANI
""" Deutsch-Jozsa Benchmark Program - QSim """ import sys import time import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister sys.path[1:1] = [ "_common", "_common/qsim" ] sys.path[1:1] = [ "../../_common", "../../_common/qsim" ] import execute as ex import metrics as metrics from execute import BenchmarkResult # Benchmark Name benchmark_name = "Deutsch-Jozsa" np.random.seed(0) verbose = False # saved circuits for display QC_ = None C_ORACLE_ = None B_ORACLE_ = None ############### Circuit Definition # Create a constant oracle, appending gates to given circuit def constant_oracle (input_size, num_qubits): #Initialize first n qubits and single ancilla qubit qc = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits, name=f"Uf") output = np.random.randint(2) if output == 1: qc.x(input_size) global C_ORACLE_ if C_ORACLE_ == None or num_qubits <= 6: if num_qubits < 9: C_ORACLE_ = qc return qc # Create a balanced oracle. # Perform CNOTs with each input qubit as a control and the output bit as the target. # Vary the input states that give 0 or 1 by wrapping some of the controls in X-gates. def balanced_oracle (input_size, num_qubits): #Initialize first n qubits and single ancilla qubit qc = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits, name=f"Uf") b_str = "10101010101010101010" # permit input_string up to 20 chars for qubit in range(input_size): if b_str[qubit] == '1': qc.x(qubit) qc.barrier() for qubit in range(input_size): qc.cx(qubit, input_size) qc.barrier() for qubit in range(input_size): if b_str[qubit] == '1': qc.x(qubit) global B_ORACLE_ if B_ORACLE_ == None or num_qubits <= 6: if num_qubits < 9: B_ORACLE_ = qc return qc # Create benchmark circuit def DeutschJozsa (num_qubits, type): # Size of input is one less than available qubits input_size = num_qubits - 1 # allocate qubits qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits) cr = ClassicalRegister(input_size) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr, name=f"dj-{num_qubits}-{type}") for qubit in range(input_size): qc.h(qubit) qc.x(input_size) qc.h(input_size) qc.barrier() # Add a constant or balanced oracle function if type == 0: Uf = constant_oracle(input_size, num_qubits) else: Uf = balanced_oracle(input_size, num_qubits) qc.append(Uf, qr) qc.barrier() for qubit in range(num_qubits): qc.h(qubit) # uncompute ancilla qubit, not necessary for algorithm qc.x(input_size) qc.barrier() for i in range(input_size): qc.measure(i, i) # save smaller circuit and oracle subcircuit example for display global QC_ if QC_ == None or num_qubits <= 6: if num_qubits < 9: QC_ = qc # return a handle to the circuit return qc ############### Result Data Analysis # Analyze and print measured results # Expected result is always the type, so fidelity calc is simple def analyze_and_print_result(qc, result, num_qubits, type, num_shots): # Size of input is one less than available qubits input_size = num_qubits - 1 if result.backend_name == 'dm_simulator': benchmark_result = BenchmarkResult(result, num_shots) probs = benchmark_result.get_probs(num_shots) # get results as measured probability else: probs = result.get_counts(qc) # get results as measured counts if verbose: print(f"For type {type} measured: {probs}") # create the key that is expected to have all the measurements (for this circuit) if type == 0: key = '0'*input_size else: key = '1'*input_size # correct distribution is measuring the key 100% of the time correct_dist = {key: 1.0} # use our polarization fidelity rescaling fidelity = metrics.polarization_fidelity(probs, correct_dist) return probs, fidelity def run(min_qubits=3, max_qubits=8, skip_qubits=1, max_circuits=3, num_shots=1000, backend_id='dm_simulator', provider_backend=None, exec_options=None, context=None): print(f"{benchmark_name} Benchmark Program - QSim") # Validate parameters (smallest circuit is 3 qubits) max_qubits = max(3, max_qubits) min_qubits = min(max(3, min_qubits), max_qubits) skip_qubits = max(1, skip_qubits) #print(f"min, max qubits = {min_qubits} {max_qubits}") # Create context identifier if context is None: context = f"{benchmark_name} Benchmark" # Initialize metrics module metrics.init_metrics() # Define custom result handler def execution_handler (qc, result, num_qubits, type, num_shots): # determine fidelity of result set num_qubits = int(num_qubits) counts, fidelity = analyze_and_print_result(qc, result, num_qubits, int(type), num_shots) metrics.store_metric(num_qubits, type, 'fidelity', fidelity) # Initialize execution module using the execution result handler above and specified backend_id ex.init_execution(execution_handler) ex.set_execution_target(backend_id, provider_backend=provider_backend, exec_options=exec_options, context=context) # Execute Benchmark Program N times for multiple circuit sizes # Accumulate metrics asynchronously as circuits complete for num_qubits in range(min_qubits, max_qubits + 1, skip_qubits): input_size = num_qubits - 1 # Determine number of circuits to execute for this group num_circuits = min(2, max_circuits) print(f"************\nExecuting [{num_circuits}] circuits with num_qubits = {num_qubits}") # Loop over only 2 circuits for type in range(num_circuits): # Create the circuit for given qubit size and secret string, store time metric ts = time.time() qc = DeutschJozsa(num_qubits, type).reverse_bits() # reverse_bits() is applying to handle the change in endianness print(f"DJ Circuit for qubit size of {num_qubits} and type {type} : \n{qc} ") metrics.store_metric(num_qubits, type, 'create_time', time.time() - ts) # Collapse the sub-circuit levels used in this benchmark (for qiskit) qc2 = qc.decompose() # Submit circuit for execution on target (simulator, cloud simulator, or hardware) ex.submit_circuit(qc2, num_qubits, type, num_shots) # Wait for some active circuits to complete; report metrics when groups complete ex.throttle_execution(metrics.finalize_group) # Wait for all active circuits to complete; report metrics when groups complete ex.finalize_execution(metrics.finalize_group) ########## # Print a sample circuit # print("Sample Circuit:"); print(QC_ if QC_ is not None else " ... too large!") print("\nConstant Oracle 'Uf' ="); print(C_ORACLE_ if C_ORACLE_ is not None else " ... too large or not used!") print("\nBalanced Oracle 'Uf' ="); print(B_ORACLE_ if B_ORACLE_ is not None else " ... too large or not used!") # Plot metrics for all circuit sizes metrics.plot_metrics(f"Benchmark Results - {benchmark_name} - QSim") # if main, execute method if __name__ == '__main__': run()
https://github.com/lynnlangit/learning-quantum
lynnlangit
#@title Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. try: import cirq except ImportError: print("installing cirq...") !pip install cirq --quiet print("installed cirq.") import cirq import random import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np def make_quantum_teleportation_circuit(gate): """Returns a circuit for quantum teleportation. This circuit 'teleports' a random qubit state prepared by the input gate from Alice to Bob. """ circuit = cirq.Circuit() # Get the three qubits involved in the teleportation protocol. msg = cirq.NamedQubit("Message") alice = cirq.NamedQubit("Alice") bob = cirq.NamedQubit("Bob") # The input gate prepares the message to send. circuit.append(gate(msg)) # Create a Bell state shared between Alice and Bob. circuit.append([cirq.H(alice), cirq.CNOT(alice, bob)]) # Bell measurement of the Message and Alice's entangled qubit. circuit.append([cirq.CNOT(msg, alice), cirq.H(msg), cirq.measure(msg, alice)]) # Uses the two classical bits from the Bell measurement to recover the # original quantum message on Bob's entangled qubit. circuit.append([cirq.CNOT(alice, bob), cirq.CZ(msg, bob)]) return circuit """Visualize the teleportation circuit.""" # Gate to put the message qubit in some state to send. gate = cirq.X ** 0.25 # Create the teleportation circuit. circuit = make_quantum_teleportation_circuit(gate) print("Teleportation circuit:\n") print(circuit) """Display the Bloch vector of the message qubit.""" message = cirq.Circuit(gate.on(cirq.NamedQubit("Message"))).final_state_vector() message_bloch_vector = cirq.bloch_vector_from_state_vector(message, index=0) print("Bloch vector of message qubit:") print(np.round(message_bloch_vector, 3)) """Simulate the teleportation circuit and get the final state of Bob's qubit.""" # Get a simulator. sim = cirq.Simulator() # Simulate the teleportation circuit. result = sim.simulate(circuit) # Get the Bloch vector of Bob's qubit. bobs_bloch_vector = cirq.bloch_vector_from_state_vector(result.final_state_vector, index=1) print("Bloch vector of Bob's qubit:") print(np.round(bobs_bloch_vector, 3)) # Verify they are the same state! np.testing.assert_allclose(bobs_bloch_vector, message_bloch_vector, atol=1e-7) def make_qft(qubits): """Generator for the QFT on a list of qubits. For four qubits, the answer is: ┌───────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌───────┐ 0: ───H───@────────@───────────@─────────────────────────────────────── │ │ │ 1: ───────@^0.5────┼─────H─────┼──────@─────────@────────────────────── │ │ │ │ 2: ────────────────@^0.25──────┼──────@^0.5─────┼─────H────@─────────── │ │ │ 3: ────────────────────────────@^(1/8)──────────@^0.25─────@^0.5───H─── └───────┘ └────────────┘ └───────┘ """ # Your code here! def make_qft(qubits): """Generator for the QFT on a list of qubits.""" qreg = list(qubits) while len(qreg) > 0: q_head = qreg.pop(0) yield cirq.H(q_head) for i, qubit in enumerate(qreg): yield (cirq.CZ ** (1 / 2 ** (i + 1)))(qubit, q_head) """Visually check the QFT circuit.""" qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(4) qft = cirq.Circuit(make_qft(qubits)) print(qft) """Use the built-in QFT in Cirq.""" qft_operation = cirq.qft(*qubits, without_reverse=True) qft_cirq = cirq.Circuit(qft_operation) print(qft_cirq) """Check equality of the 'manual' and 'built-in' QFTs.""" np.testing.assert_allclose(cirq.unitary(qft), cirq.unitary(qft_cirq)) def make_qft_inverse(qubits): """Generator for the inverse QFT on a list of qubits. For four qubits, the answer is: ┌────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌────────┐ 0: ───H───@─────────@────────────@───────────────────────────────────────────×─── │ │ │ │ 1: ───────@^-0.5────┼──────H─────┼───────@──────────@────────────────────×───┼─── │ │ │ │ │ │ 2: ─────────────────@^-0.25──────┼───────@^-0.5─────┼──────H────@────────×───┼─── │ │ │ │ 3: ──────────────────────────────@^(-1/8)───────────@^-0.25─────@^-0.5───H───×─── └────────┘ └──────────────┘ └────────┘ """ # Your code here! def make_qft_inverse(qubits): """Generator for the inverse QFT on a list of qubits.""" qreg = list(qubits)[::-1] while len(qreg) > 0: q_head = qreg.pop(0) yield cirq.H(q_head) for i, qubit in enumerate(qreg): yield (cirq.CZ ** (-1 / 2 ** (i + 1)))(qubit, q_head) """Visually check the inverse QFT circuit.""" qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(4) iqft = cirq.Circuit(make_qft_inverse(qubits)) print(iqft) """Use the built-in inverse QFT in Cirq.""" iqft_operation = cirq.qft(*qubits, inverse=True, without_reverse=True) iqft_cirq = cirq.Circuit(iqft_operation) print(iqft_cirq) """Check equality of the 'manual' and 'built-in' inverse QFTs.""" np.testing.assert_allclose(cirq.unitary(iqft), cirq.unitary(iqft_cirq)) """Set up the unitary and number of bits to use in phase estimation.""" # Value of θ which appears in the definition of the unitary U above. # Try different values. theta = 0.234 # Define the unitary U. U = cirq.Z ** (2 * theta) # Accuracy of the estimate for theta. Try different values. n_bits = 3 """Build the first part of the circuit for phase estimation.""" # Get qubits for the phase estimation circuit. qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(n_bits) u_bit = cirq.NamedQubit('u') # Build the first part of the phase estimation circuit. phase_estimator = cirq.Circuit(cirq.H.on_each(*qubits)) for i, bit in enumerate(qubits): phase_estimator.append(cirq.ControlledGate(U).on(bit, u_bit) ** (2 ** (n_bits - i - 1))) print(phase_estimator) """Build the last part of the circuit (inverse QFT) for phase estimation.""" # Do the inverse QFT. phase_estimator.append(make_qft_inverse(qubits[::-1])) # Add measurements to the end of the circuit phase_estimator.append(cirq.measure(*qubits, key='m')) print(phase_estimator) """Set the input state of the eigenvalue register.""" # Add gate to change initial state to |1>. phase_estimator.insert(0, cirq.X(u_bit)) print(phase_estimator) """Simulate the circuit and convert from measured bit values to estimated θ values.""" # Simulate the circuit. sim = cirq.Simulator() result = sim.run(phase_estimator, repetitions=10) # Convert from output bitstrings to estimate θ values. theta_estimates = np.sum(2 ** np.arange(n_bits) * result.measurements['m'], axis=1) / 2**n_bits print(theta_estimates) def phase_estimation(theta, n_bits, n_reps=10, prepare_eigenstate_gate=cirq.X): """Runs the phase estimate algorithm for unitary U=Z^{2θ} with n_bits qubits.""" # Define qubit registers. qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(n_bits) u_bit = cirq.NamedQubit('u') # Define the unitary U. U = cirq.Z ** (2 * theta) # Your code here! # ... # Gate to choose initial state for the u_bit. Placing X here chooses the |1> state. phase_estimator.insert(0, prepare_eigenstate_gate.on(u_bit)) # You code here! # theta_estimates = ... return theta_estimates def phase_estimation(theta, n_bits, n_reps=10, prepare_eigenstate_gate=cirq.X): # Define qubit registers. qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(n_bits) u_bit = cirq.NamedQubit('u') # Define the unitary U. U = cirq.Z ** (2 * theta) # Start with Hadamards on every qubit. phase_estimator = cirq.Circuit(cirq.H.on_each(*qubits)) # Do the controlled powers of the unitary U. for i, bit in enumerate(qubits): phase_estimator.append(cirq.ControlledGate(U).on(bit, u_bit) ** (2 ** (n_bits - 1 - i))) # Do the inverse QFT. phase_estimator.append(make_qft_inverse(qubits[::-1])) # Add measurements. phase_estimator.append(cirq.measure(*qubits, key='m')) # Gate to choose initial state for the u_bit. Placing X here chooses the |1> state. phase_estimator.insert(0, prepare_eigenstate_gate.on(u_bit)) # Code to simulate measurements sim = cirq.Simulator() result = sim.run(phase_estimator, repetitions=n_reps) # Convert measurements into estimates of theta theta_estimates = np.sum(2**np.arange(n_bits)*result.measurements['m'], axis=1)/2**n_bits return theta_estimates """Analyze convergence vs n_bits.""" # Set the value of theta. Try different values. theta = 0.123456 max_nvals = 16 nvals = np.arange(1, max_nvals, step=1) # Get the estimates at each value of n. estimates = [] for n in nvals: estimate = phase_estimation(theta=theta, n_bits=n, n_reps=1)[0] estimates.append(estimate) """Plot the results.""" plt.style.use("seaborn-whitegrid") plt.plot(nvals, estimates, "--o", label="Phase estimation") plt.axhline(theta, label="True value", color="black") plt.legend() plt.xlabel("Number of bits") plt.ylabel(r"$\theta$"); """Run phase estimation without starting in an eigenstate.""" # Value of theta. theta = 0.123456 # Number of qubits. n = 4 # Run phase estimation starting in the state H|0⟩ = |+⟩. res = phase_estimation(theta=theta, n_bits=n, n_reps=10, prepare_eigenstate_gate=cirq.H) print(res) """Get qubits to use in the circuit for Grover's algorithm.""" # Number of qubits n. nqubits = 2 # Get qubit registers. qubits = cirq.LineQubit.range(nqubits) ancilla = cirq.NamedQubit("Ancilla") def make_oracle(qubits, ancilla, xprime): """Implements the function {f(x) = 1 if x == x', f(x) = 0 if x != x'}.""" # For x' = (1, 1), the oracle is just a Toffoli gate. # For a general x', we negate the zero bits and implement a Toffoli. # Negate zero bits, if necessary. yield (cirq.X(q) for (q, bit) in zip(qubits, xprime) if not bit) # Do the Toffoli. yield (cirq.TOFFOLI(qubits[0], qubits[1], ancilla)) # Negate zero bits, if necessary. yield (cirq.X(q) for (q, bit) in zip(qubits, xprime) if not bit) def grover_iteration(qubits, ancilla, oracle): """Performs one round of the Grover iteration.""" circuit = cirq.Circuit() # Create an equal superposition over input qubits. circuit.append(cirq.H.on_each(*qubits)) # Put the output qubit in the |-⟩ state. circuit.append([cirq.X(ancilla), cirq.H(ancilla)]) # Query the oracle. circuit.append(oracle) # Construct Grover operator. circuit.append(cirq.H.on_each(*qubits)) circuit.append(cirq.X.on_each(*qubits)) circuit.append(cirq.H.on(qubits[1])) circuit.append(cirq.CNOT(qubits[0], qubits[1])) circuit.append(cirq.H.on(qubits[1])) circuit.append(cirq.X.on_each(*qubits)) circuit.append(cirq.H.on_each(*qubits)) # Measure the input register. circuit.append(cirq.measure(*qubits, key="result")) return circuit """Select a 'marked' bitstring x' at random.""" xprime = [random.randint(0, 1) for _ in range(nqubits)] print(f"Marked bitstring: {xprime}") """Create the circuit for Grover's algorithm.""" # Make oracle (black box) oracle = make_oracle(qubits, ancilla, xprime) # Embed the oracle into a quantum circuit implementing Grover's algorithm. circuit = grover_iteration(qubits, ancilla, oracle) print("Circuit for Grover's algorithm:") print(circuit) """Simulate the circuit for Grover's algorithm and check the output.""" # Helper function. def bitstring(bits): return "".join(str(int(b)) for b in bits) # Sample from the circuit a couple times. simulator = cirq.Simulator() result = simulator.run(circuit, repetitions=10) # Look at the sampled bitstrings. frequencies = result.histogram(key="result", fold_func=bitstring) print('Sampled results:\n{}'.format(frequencies)) # Check if we actually found the secret value. most_common_bitstring = frequencies.most_common(1)[0][0] print("\nMost common bitstring: {}".format(most_common_bitstring)) print("Found a match? {}".format(most_common_bitstring == bitstring(xprime)))
https://github.com/2lambda123/Qiskit-qiskit
2lambda123
# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2018. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """Test the Stochastic Swap pass""" import unittest import numpy.random from ddt import ddt, data from qiskit.transpiler.passes import StochasticSwap from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap, PassManager, Layout from qiskit.transpiler.exceptions import TranspilerError from qiskit.converters import circuit_to_dag, dag_to_circuit from qiskit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase from qiskit.test._canonical import canonicalize_control_flow from qiskit.transpiler.passes.utils import CheckMap from qiskit.circuit.random import random_circuit from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeMumbai, FakeMumbaiV2 from qiskit.compiler.transpiler import transpile from qiskit.circuit import ControlFlowOp, Clbit, CASE_DEFAULT from qiskit.circuit.classical import expr @ddt class TestStochasticSwap(QiskitTestCase): """ Tests the StochasticSwap pass. All of the tests use a fixed seed since the results may depend on it. """ def test_trivial_case(self): """ q0:--(+)-[H]-(+)- | | q1:---.-------|-- | q2:-----------.-- Coupling map: [1]--[0]--[2] """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [0, 2]]) qr = QuantumRegister(3, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.h(qr[0]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(dag, after) def test_trivial_in_same_layer(self): """ q0:--(+)-- | q1:---.--- q2:--(+)-- | q3:---.--- Coupling map: [0]--[1]--[2]--[3] """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[2], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(dag, after) def test_permute_wires_1(self): """ q0:-------- q1:---.---- | q2:--(+)--- Coupling map: [1]--[0]--[2] q0:--x-(+)- | | q1:--|--.-- | q2:--x----- """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [0, 2]]) qr = QuantumRegister(3, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 11) after = pass_.run(dag) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[0]) self.assertEqual(circuit_to_dag(expected), after) def test_permute_wires_2(self): """ qr0:---.---[H]-- | qr1:---|-------- | qr2:--(+)------- Coupling map: [0]--[1]--[2] qr0:----.---[H]- | qr1:-x-(+)------ | qr2:-x---------- """ coupling = CouplingMap([[1, 0], [1, 2]]) qr = QuantumRegister(3, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) circuit.h(qr[0]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 11) after = pass_.run(dag) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.swap(qr[1], qr[2]) expected.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.h(qr[0]) self.assertEqual(expected, dag_to_circuit(after)) def test_permute_wires_3(self): """ qr0:--(+)---.-- | | qr1:---|----|-- | | qr2:---|----|-- | | qr3:---.---(+)- Coupling map: [0]--[1]--[2]--[3] qr0:-x------------ | qr1:-x--(+)---.--- | | qr2:-x---.---(+)-- | qr3:-x------------ """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[0]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.swap(qr[2], qr[3]) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[1]) self.assertEqual(circuit_to_dag(expected), after) def test_permute_wires_4(self): """No qubit label permutation occurs if the first layer has only single-qubit gates. This is suboptimal but seems to be the current behavior. qr0:------(+)-- | qr1:-------|--- | qr2:-------|--- | qr3:--[H]--.--- Coupling map: [0]--[1]--[2]--[3] qr0:------X--------- | qr1:------X-(+)----- | qr2:------X--.------ | qr3:-[H]--X--------- """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.h(qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[0]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.h(qr[3]) expected.swap(qr[2], qr[3]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[1]) self.assertEqual(circuit_to_dag(expected), after) def test_permute_wires_5(self): """This is the same case as permute_wires_4 except the single qubit gate is after the two-qubit gate, so the layout is adjusted. qr0:--(+)------ | qr1:---|------- | qr2:---|------- | qr3:---.--[H]-- Coupling map: [0]--[1]--[2]--[3] qr0:-x----------- | qr1:-x--(+)------ | qr2:-x---.--[H]-- | qr3:-x----------- """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr) circuit.cx(qr[3], qr[0]) circuit.h(qr[3]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.swap(qr[2], qr[3]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[1]) expected.h(qr[2]) self.assertEqual(circuit_to_dag(expected), after) def test_all_single_qubit(self): """Test all trivial layers.""" coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [1, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(4, "c") circ = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circ.h(qr) circ.z(qr) circ.s(qr) circ.t(qr) circ.tdg(qr) circ.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) # intentional duplicate circ.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) circ.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) circ.measure(qr[2], cr[2]) circ.measure(qr[3], cr[3]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circ) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(dag, after) def test_overoptimization_case(self): """Check mapper overoptimization. The mapper should not change the semantics of the input. An overoptimization introduced issue #81: https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues/81 """ coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 2], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(4, "c") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circuit.x(qr[0]) circuit.y(qr[1]) circuit.z(qr[2]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[2], qr[3]) circuit.s(qr[1]) circuit.t(qr[2]) circuit.h(qr[3]) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) circuit.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) circuit.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) circuit.measure(qr[2], cr[2]) circuit.measure(qr[3], cr[3]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) # ┌───┐ ┌─┐ # q_0: | 0 >┤ X ├────────────■───────────────────────────┤M├───────── # └───┘┌───┐ ┌─┴─┐ ┌───┐ └╥┘┌─┐ # q_1: | 0 >─────┤ Y ├─────┤ X ├─────┤ S ├────────────■───╫─┤M├────── # └───┘┌───┐└───┘ └───┘┌───┐ ┌─┴─┐ ║ └╥┘┌─┐ # q_2: | 0 >──────────┤ Z ├───────■───────┤ T ├─────┤ X ├─╫──╫─┤M├─── # └───┘ ┌─┴─┐ └───┘┌───┐└───┘ ║ ║ └╥┘┌─┐ # q_3: | 0 >────────────────────┤ X ├──────────┤ H ├──────╫──╫──╫─┤M├ # └───┘ └───┘ ║ ║ ║ └╥┘ # c_0: 0 ══════════════════════════════════════════════╩══╬══╬══╬═ # ║ ║ ║ # c_1: 0 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╩══╬══╬═ # ║ ║ # c_2: 0 ════════════════════════════════════════════════════╩══╬═ # ║ # c_3: 0 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════╩═ # expected = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) expected.z(qr[2]) expected.y(qr[1]) expected.x(qr[0]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[1]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[2]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[3]) expected.s(qr[1]) expected.t(qr[2]) expected.h(qr[3]) expected.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) expected.measure(qr[3], cr[3]) expected.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) expected.measure(qr[2], cr[2]) expected_dag = circuit_to_dag(expected) # ┌───┐ ┌─┐ # q_0: ┤ X ├─X───────X──────┤M├──────────────── # ├───┤ │ ┌───┐ │ ┌───┐└╥┘ ┌─┐ # q_1: ┤ Y ├─┼─┤ X ├─┼─┤ S ├─╫────────■──┤M├─── # ├───┤ │ └─┬─┘ │ └───┘ ║ ┌───┐┌─┴─┐└╥┘┌─┐ # q_2: ┤ Z ├─X───■───X───■───╫─┤ T ├┤ X ├─╫─┤M├ # └───┘ ┌─┴─┐ ║ ├───┤└┬─┬┘ ║ └╥┘ # q_3: ────────────────┤ X ├─╫─┤ H ├─┤M├──╫──╫─ # └───┘ ║ └───┘ └╥┘ ║ ║ # c: 4/══════════════════════╩════════╩═══╩══╩═ # 0 3 1 2 # # Layout -- # {qr[0]: 0, # qr[1]: 1, # qr[2]: 2, # qr[3]: 3} pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 19) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(expected_dag, after) def test_already_mapped(self): """Circuit not remapped if matches topology. See: https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues/342 """ coupling = CouplingMap( [ [1, 0], [1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4], [3, 14], [5, 4], [6, 5], [6, 7], [6, 11], [7, 10], [8, 7], [9, 8], [9, 10], [11, 10], [12, 5], [12, 11], [12, 13], [13, 4], [13, 14], [15, 0], [15, 0], [15, 2], [15, 14], ] ) qr = QuantumRegister(16, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(16, "c") circ = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circ.cx(qr[3], qr[14]) circ.cx(qr[5], qr[4]) circ.h(qr[9]) circ.cx(qr[9], qr[8]) circ.x(qr[11]) circ.cx(qr[3], qr[4]) circ.cx(qr[12], qr[11]) circ.cx(qr[13], qr[4]) for j in range(16): circ.measure(qr[j], cr[j]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circ) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 13) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(circuit_to_dag(circ), after) def test_congestion(self): """Test code path that falls back to serial layers.""" coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [1, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(4, "c") circ = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circ.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) circ.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circ.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) circ.h(qr) circ.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circ.cx(qr[2], qr[3]) circ.measure(qr[0], cr[0]) circ.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) circ.measure(qr[2], cr[2]) circ.measure(qr[3], cr[3]) dag = circuit_to_dag(circ) # Input: # ┌─┐┌───┐ ┌─┐ # q_0: |0>─────────────────■──────────────────┤M├┤ H ├──■─────┤M├ # ┌───┐ │ └╥┘└───┘┌─┴─┐┌─┐└╥┘ # q_1: |0>──■───────┤ H ├──┼───────────────────╫──────┤ X ├┤M├─╫─ # ┌─┴─┐┌───┐└───┘ │ ┌─┐ ║ └───┘└╥┘ ║ # q_2: |0>┤ X ├┤ H ├───────┼─────────■─────┤M├─╫────────────╫──╫─ # └───┘└───┘ ┌─┴─┐┌───┐┌─┴─┐┌─┐└╥┘ ║ ║ ║ # q_3: |0>───────────────┤ X ├┤ H ├┤ X ├┤M├─╫──╫────────────╫──╫─ # └───┘└───┘└───┘└╥┘ ║ ║ ║ ║ # c_0: 0 ═══════════════════════════════╬══╬══╩════════════╬══╩═ # ║ ║ ║ # c_1: 0 ═══════════════════════════════╬══╬═══════════════╩════ # ║ ║ # c_2: 0 ═══════════════════════════════╬══╩════════════════════ # ║ # c_3: 0 ═══════════════════════════════╩═══════════════════════ # # Expected output (with seed 999): # ┌───┐ ┌─┐ # q_0: ───────X──┤ H ├─────────────────X──────┤M├────── # │ └───┘ ┌─┐ ┌───┐ │ ┌───┐└╥┘ ┌─┐ # q_1: ──■────X────■───────┤M├─X─┤ X ├─X─┤ X ├─╫────┤M├ # ┌─┴─┐┌───┐ │ └╥┘ │ └─┬─┘┌─┐└─┬─┘ ║ └╥┘ # q_2: ┤ X ├┤ H ├──┼────────╫──┼───■──┤M├──┼───╫─────╫─ # └───┘└───┘┌─┴─┐┌───┐ ║ │ ┌───┐└╥┘ │ ║ ┌─┐ ║ # q_3: ──────────┤ X ├┤ H ├─╫──X─┤ H ├─╫───■───╫─┤M├─╫─ # └───┘└───┘ ║ └───┘ ║ ║ └╥┘ ║ # c: 4/═════════════════════╩══════════╩═══════╩══╩══╩═ # 0 2 3 0 1 # # Target coupling graph: # 2 # | # 0 - 1 - 3 expected = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) expected.h(qr[2]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.h(qr[0]) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[3]) expected.h(qr[3]) expected.measure(qr[1], cr[0]) expected.swap(qr[1], qr[3]) expected.cx(qr[2], qr[1]) expected.h(qr[3]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.measure(qr[2], cr[2]) expected.cx(qr[3], qr[1]) expected.measure(qr[0], cr[3]) expected.measure(qr[3], cr[0]) expected.measure(qr[1], cr[1]) expected_dag = circuit_to_dag(expected) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 999) after = pass_.run(dag) self.assertEqual(expected_dag, after) def test_only_output_cx_and_swaps_in_coupling_map(self): """Test that output DAG contains only 2q gates from the the coupling map.""" coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(4, "c") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circuit.h(qr[0]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.measure(qr, cr) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, 20, 5) after = pass_.run(dag) valid_couplings = [{qr[a], qr[b]} for (a, b) in coupling.get_edges()] for _2q_gate in after.two_qubit_ops(): self.assertIn(set(_2q_gate.qargs), valid_couplings) def test_len_cm_vs_dag(self): """Test error if the coupling map is smaller than the dag.""" coupling = CouplingMap([[0, 1], [1, 2]]) qr = QuantumRegister(4, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(4, "c") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circuit.h(qr[0]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[1]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[2]) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[3]) circuit.measure(qr, cr) dag = circuit_to_dag(circuit) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling) with self.assertRaises(TranspilerError): _ = pass_.run(dag) def test_single_gates_omitted(self): """Test if single qubit gates are omitted.""" coupling_map = [[0, 1], [1, 0], [1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 1], [3, 1], [3, 4], [4, 3]] # q_0: ──■────────────────── # │ # q_1: ──┼─────────■──────── # │ ┌─┴─┐ # q_2: ──┼───────┤ X ├────── # │ ┌────┴───┴─────┐ # q_3: ──┼──┤ U(1,1.5,0.7) ├ # ┌─┴─┐└──────────────┘ # q_4: ┤ X ├──────────────── # └───┘ qr = QuantumRegister(5, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(5, "c") circuit = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) circuit.cx(qr[0], qr[4]) circuit.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) circuit.u(1, 1.5, 0.7, qr[3]) # q_0: ─────────────────X────── # │ # q_1: ───────■─────────X───■── # ┌─┴─┐ │ # q_2: ─────┤ X ├───────────┼── # ┌────┴───┴─────┐ ┌─┴─┐ # q_3: ┤ U(1,1.5,0.7) ├─X─┤ X ├ # └──────────────┘ │ └───┘ # q_4: ─────────────────X────── expected = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[2]) expected.u(1, 1.5, 0.7, qr[3]) expected.swap(qr[0], qr[1]) expected.swap(qr[3], qr[4]) expected.cx(qr[1], qr[3]) expected_dag = circuit_to_dag(expected) stochastic = StochasticSwap(CouplingMap(coupling_map), seed=0) after = PassManager(stochastic).run(circuit) after = circuit_to_dag(after) self.assertEqual(expected_dag, after) @ddt class TestStochasticSwapControlFlow(QiskitTestCase): """Tests for control flow in stochastic swap.""" def test_pre_if_else_route(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.measure(2, 2) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[2]]) true_body.x(3) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[2]]) false_body.x(4) qc.if_else((creg[2], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[2]]) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=82).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.swap(0, 1) expected.cx(1, 2) expected.measure(2, 2) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[2]]) etrue_body.x(0) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[2]]) efalse_body.x(1) new_order = [1, 0, 2, 3, 4] expected.if_else((creg[2], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[2]]) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.measure(qreg, creg[new_order]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_pre_if_else_route_post_x(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct; pre-cx and post x""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap([(i, i + 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)]) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.measure(2, 2) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.x(3) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.x(4) qc.if_else((creg[2], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.x(1) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=431).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.swap(1, 2) expected.cx(0, 1) expected.measure(1, 2) new_order = [0, 2, 1, 3, 4] etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) etrue_body.x(0) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) efalse_body.x(1) expected.if_else((creg[2], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.x(2) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.measure(qreg, creg[new_order]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_post_if_else_route(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct; post cx""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap([(i, i + 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)]) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.x(3) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.x(4) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=6508).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) etrue_body.x(0) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) efalse_body.x(1) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[3, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.swap(0, 1) expected.cx(1, 2) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.measure(qreg, creg[[1, 0, 2, 3, 4]]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_pre_if_else2(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct; cx in if statement""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap([(i, i + 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)]) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.x(0) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=38).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.swap(0, 1) expected.cx(1, 2) expected.measure(1, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1]], creg[[0]]) etrue_body.x(0) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1]], creg[[0]]) new_order = [1, 0, 2, 3, 4] expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[1]], creg[[0]]) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.measure(qreg, creg[new_order]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_intra_if_else_route(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap([(i, i + 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)]) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.cx(0, 2) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.cx(0, 4) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=8).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) etrue_body.swap(0, 1) etrue_body.cx(1, 2) etrue_body.swap(1, 2) etrue_body.swap(3, 4) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) efalse_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body.swap(1, 2) efalse_body.swap(3, 4) efalse_body.cx(2, 3) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) new_order = [1, 2, 0, 4, 3] expected.measure(qreg, creg[new_order]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_pre_intra_if_else(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct; cx in if statement""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap([(i, i + 1) for i in range(num_qubits - 1)]) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.cx(0, 2) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.cx(0, 4) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=2, trials=20).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1, 2, 3, 4]], creg[[0]]) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1, 2, 3, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.swap(0, 1) expected.cx(1, 2) expected.measure(1, 0) etrue_body.cx(0, 1) etrue_body.swap(2, 3) etrue_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body.swap(2, 3) efalse_body.cx(1, 2) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[1, 2, 3, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.measure(qreg, creg[[1, 2, 0, 4, 3]]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_pre_intra_post_if_else(self): """test swap with if else controlflow construct; cx before, in, and after if statement""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.cx(0, 2) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.cx(0, 4) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.h(3) qc.cx(3, 0) qc.barrier() qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=1).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.swap(1, 2) expected.cx(0, 1) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) etrue_body.cx(0, 1) etrue_body.swap(0, 1) etrue_body.swap(4, 3) etrue_body.swap(2, 3) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) efalse_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body.swap(3, 4) efalse_body.swap(2, 3) efalse_body.cx(1, 2) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.swap(1, 2) expected.h(4) expected.swap(3, 4) expected.cx(3, 2) expected.barrier() expected.measure(qreg, creg[[2, 4, 0, 3, 1]]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_if_expr(self): """Test simple if conditional with an `Expr` condition.""" coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(4) body = QuantumCircuit(4) body.cx(0, 1) body.cx(0, 2) body.cx(0, 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(4, 2) qc.if_test(expr.logic_and(qc.clbits[0], qc.clbits[1]), body, [0, 1, 2, 3], []) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) def test_if_else_expr(self): """Test simple if/else conditional with an `Expr` condition.""" coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(4) true = QuantumCircuit(4) true.cx(0, 1) true.cx(0, 2) true.cx(0, 3) false = QuantumCircuit(4) false.cx(3, 0) false.cx(3, 1) false.cx(3, 2) qc = QuantumCircuit(4, 2) qc.if_else(expr.logic_and(qc.clbits[0], qc.clbits[1]), true, false, [0, 1, 2, 3], []) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) def test_no_layout_change(self): """test controlflow with no layout change needed""" num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.cx(0, 2) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.x(2) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.x(4) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.barrier(qreg) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=23).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.swap(1, 2) expected.cx(0, 1) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1, 4]], creg[[0]]) etrue_body.x(0) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[1, 4]], creg[[0]]) efalse_body.x(1) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg[[1, 4]], creg[[0]]) expected.barrier(qreg) expected.measure(qreg, creg[[0, 2, 1, 3, 4]]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) @data(1, 2, 3) def test_for_loop(self, nloops): """test stochastic swap with for_loop""" # if the loop has only one iteration it isn't necessary for the pass # to swap back to the starting layout. This test would check that # optimization. num_qubits = 3 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.x(1) for_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) for_body.cx(0, 2) loop_parameter = None qc.for_loop(range(nloops), loop_parameter, for_body, qreg, []) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=687).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) efor_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) efor_body.swap(0, 1) efor_body.cx(1, 2) efor_body.swap(0, 1) loop_parameter = None expected.for_loop(range(nloops), loop_parameter, efor_body, qreg, []) expected.measure(qreg, creg) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_while_loop(self): """test while loop""" num_qubits = 4 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(len(qreg)) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) while_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) while_body.reset(qreg[2:]) while_body.h(qreg[2:]) while_body.cx(0, 3) while_body.measure(qreg[3], creg[3]) qc.while_loop((creg, 0), while_body, qc.qubits, qc.clbits) qc.barrier() qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) ewhile_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) ewhile_body.reset(qreg[2:]) ewhile_body.h(qreg[2:]) ewhile_body.swap(0, 1) ewhile_body.swap(2, 3) ewhile_body.cx(1, 2) ewhile_body.measure(qreg[2], creg[3]) ewhile_body.swap(1, 0) ewhile_body.swap(3, 2) expected.while_loop((creg, 0), ewhile_body, expected.qubits, expected.clbits) expected.barrier() expected.measure(qreg, creg) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_while_loop_expr(self): """Test simple while loop with an `Expr` condition.""" coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(4) body = QuantumCircuit(4) body.cx(0, 1) body.cx(0, 2) body.cx(0, 3) qc = QuantumCircuit(4, 2) qc.while_loop(expr.logic_and(qc.clbits[0], qc.clbits[1]), body, [0, 1, 2, 3], []) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) def test_switch_single_case(self): """Test routing of 'switch' with just a single case.""" qreg = QuantumRegister(5, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(3, "c") qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.cx(2, 0) qc.switch(creg, [(0, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(len(qreg)) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58) test = pass_(qc) check = CheckMap(coupling) check(test) self.assertTrue(check.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.swap(0, 1) case0.cx(2, 1) case0.swap(0, 1) expected.switch(creg, [(0, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) self.assertEqual(canonicalize_control_flow(test), canonicalize_control_flow(expected)) def test_switch_nonexhaustive(self): """Test routing of 'switch' with several but nonexhaustive cases.""" qreg = QuantumRegister(5, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(3, "c") qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.cx(2, 0) case1 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case1.cx(1, 2) case1.cx(2, 3) case1.cx(3, 1) case2 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case2.cx(2, 3) case2.cx(3, 4) case2.cx(4, 2) qc.switch(creg, [(0, case0), ((1, 2), case1), (3, case2)], qreg, creg) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(len(qreg)) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58) test = pass_(qc) check = CheckMap(coupling) check(test) self.assertTrue(check.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.swap(0, 1) case0.cx(2, 1) case0.swap(0, 1) case1 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case1.cx(1, 2) case1.cx(2, 3) case1.swap(1, 2) case1.cx(3, 2) case1.swap(1, 2) case2 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case2.cx(2, 3) case2.cx(3, 4) case2.swap(3, 4) case2.cx(3, 2) case2.swap(3, 4) expected.switch(creg, [(0, case0), ((1, 2), case1), (3, case2)], qreg, creg) self.assertEqual(canonicalize_control_flow(test), canonicalize_control_flow(expected)) @data((0, 1, 2, 3), (CASE_DEFAULT,)) def test_switch_exhaustive(self, labels): """Test routing of 'switch' with exhaustive cases; we should not require restoring the layout afterwards.""" qreg = QuantumRegister(5, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(2, "c") qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.cx(2, 0) qc.switch(creg, [(labels, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(len(qreg)) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58) test = pass_(qc) check = CheckMap(coupling) check(test) self.assertTrue(check.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.swap(0, 1) case0.cx(2, 1) expected.switch(creg, [(labels, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg) self.assertEqual(canonicalize_control_flow(test), canonicalize_control_flow(expected)) def test_switch_nonexhaustive_expr(self): """Test routing of 'switch' with an `Expr` target and several but nonexhaustive cases.""" qreg = QuantumRegister(5, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(3, "c") qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.cx(2, 0) case1 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case1.cx(1, 2) case1.cx(2, 3) case1.cx(3, 1) case2 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case2.cx(2, 3) case2.cx(3, 4) case2.cx(4, 2) qc.switch(expr.bit_or(creg, 5), [(0, case0), ((1, 2), case1), (3, case2)], qreg, creg) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(len(qreg)) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58) test = pass_(qc) check = CheckMap(coupling) check(test) self.assertTrue(check.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.swap(0, 1) case0.cx(2, 1) case0.swap(0, 1) case1 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case1.cx(1, 2) case1.cx(2, 3) case1.swap(1, 2) case1.cx(3, 2) case1.swap(1, 2) case2 = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[:]) case2.cx(2, 3) case2.cx(3, 4) case2.swap(3, 4) case2.cx(3, 2) case2.swap(3, 4) expected.switch(expr.bit_or(creg, 5), [(0, case0), ((1, 2), case1), (3, case2)], qreg, creg) self.assertEqual(canonicalize_control_flow(test), canonicalize_control_flow(expected)) @data((0, 1, 2, 3), (CASE_DEFAULT,)) def test_switch_exhaustive_expr(self, labels): """Test routing of 'switch' with exhaustive cases on an `Expr` target; we should not require restoring the layout afterwards.""" qreg = QuantumRegister(5, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(2, "c") qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.cx(2, 0) qc.switch(expr.bit_or(creg, 3), [(labels, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(len(qreg)) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=58) test = pass_(qc) check = CheckMap(coupling) check(test) self.assertTrue(check.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) case0 = QuantumCircuit(qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg[:]) case0.cx(0, 1) case0.cx(1, 2) case0.swap(0, 1) case0.cx(2, 1) expected.switch(expr.bit_or(creg, 3), [(labels, case0)], qreg[[0, 1, 2]], creg) self.assertEqual(canonicalize_control_flow(test), canonicalize_control_flow(expected)) def test_nested_inner_cnot(self): """test swap in nested if else controlflow construct; swap in inner""" seed = 1 num_qubits = 3 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.x(0) for_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) for_body.delay(10, 0) for_body.barrier(qreg) for_body.cx(0, 2) loop_parameter = None true_body.for_loop(range(3), loop_parameter, for_body, qreg, []) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.y(0) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=seed).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) etrue_body.x(0) efor_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) efor_body.delay(10, 0) efor_body.barrier(qreg) efor_body.swap(1, 2) efor_body.cx(0, 1) efor_body.swap(1, 2) etrue_body.for_loop(range(3), loop_parameter, efor_body, qreg, []) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) efalse_body.y(0) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) expected.measure(qreg, creg) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_nested_outer_cnot(self): """test swap with nested if else controlflow construct; swap in outer""" seed = 200 num_qubits = 5 qreg = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") creg = ClassicalRegister(num_qubits) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) qc.h(0) qc.x(1) qc.measure(0, 0) true_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) true_body.cx(0, 2) true_body.x(0) for_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) for_body.delay(10, 0) for_body.barrier(qreg) for_body.cx(1, 3) loop_parameter = None true_body.for_loop(range(3), loop_parameter, for_body, qreg, []) false_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) false_body.y(0) qc.if_else((creg[0], 0), true_body, false_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) qc.measure(qreg, creg) dag = circuit_to_dag(qc) cdag = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=seed).run(dag) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) check_map_pass.run(cdag) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg) expected.h(0) expected.x(1) expected.measure(0, 0) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) etrue_body.swap(1, 2) etrue_body.cx(0, 1) etrue_body.x(0) efor_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg) efor_body.delay(10, 0) efor_body.barrier(qreg) efor_body.cx(2, 3) etrue_body.for_loop(range(3), loop_parameter, efor_body, qreg[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]], []) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qreg, creg[[0]]) efalse_body.y(0) efalse_body.swap(1, 2) expected.if_else((creg[0], 0), etrue_body, efalse_body, qreg, creg[[0]]) expected.measure(qreg, creg[[0, 2, 1, 3, 4]]) self.assertEqual(dag_to_circuit(cdag), expected) def test_disjoint_looping(self): """Test looping controlflow on different qubit register""" num_qubits = 4 cm = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) loop_body = QuantumCircuit(2) loop_body.cx(0, 1) qc.for_loop((0,), None, loop_body, [0, 2], []) cqc = StochasticSwap(cm, seed=0)(qc) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) efor_body = QuantumCircuit(qr[[0, 1, 2]]) efor_body.swap(1, 2) efor_body.cx(0, 1) efor_body.swap(1, 2) expected.for_loop((0,), None, efor_body, [0, 1, 2], []) self.assertEqual(cqc, expected) def test_disjoint_multiblock(self): """Test looping controlflow on different qubit register""" num_qubits = 4 cm = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") cr = ClassicalRegister(1) qc = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) true_body = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) true_body.cx(0, 1) false_body = QuantumCircuit(3, 1) false_body.cx(0, 2) qc.if_else((cr[0], 1), true_body, false_body, [0, 1, 2], [0]) cqc = StochasticSwap(cm, seed=353)(qc) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr, cr) etrue_body = QuantumCircuit(qr[[0, 1, 2]], cr[[0]]) etrue_body.cx(0, 1) etrue_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body = QuantumCircuit(qr[[0, 1, 2]], cr[[0]]) efalse_body.swap(0, 1) efalse_body.cx(1, 2) expected.if_else((cr[0], 1), etrue_body, efalse_body, [0, 1, 2], cr[[0]]) self.assertEqual(cqc, expected) def test_multiple_ops_per_layer(self): """Test circuits with multiple operations per layer""" num_qubits = 6 coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(num_qubits) check_map_pass = CheckMap(coupling) qr = QuantumRegister(num_qubits, "q") qc = QuantumCircuit(qr) # This cx and the for_loop are in the same layer. qc.cx(0, 2) with qc.for_loop((0,)): qc.cx(3, 5) cqc = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=0)(qc) check_map_pass(cqc) self.assertTrue(check_map_pass.property_set["is_swap_mapped"]) expected = QuantumCircuit(qr) expected.swap(0, 1) expected.cx(1, 2) efor_body = QuantumCircuit(qr[[3, 4, 5]]) efor_body.swap(1, 2) efor_body.cx(0, 1) efor_body.swap(2, 1) expected.for_loop((0,), None, efor_body, [3, 4, 5], []) self.assertEqual(cqc, expected) def test_if_no_else_restores_layout(self): """Test that an if block with no else branch restores the initial layout. If there is an else branch, we don't need to guarantee this.""" qc = QuantumCircuit(8, 1) with qc.if_test((qc.clbits[0], False)): # Just some arbitrary gates with no perfect layout. qc.cx(3, 5) qc.cx(4, 6) qc.cx(1, 4) qc.cx(7, 4) qc.cx(0, 5) qc.cx(7, 3) qc.cx(1, 3) qc.cx(5, 2) qc.cx(6, 7) qc.cx(3, 2) qc.cx(6, 2) qc.cx(2, 0) qc.cx(7, 6) coupling = CouplingMap.from_line(8) pass_ = StochasticSwap(coupling, seed=2022_10_13) transpiled = pass_(qc) # Check the pass claims to have done things right. initial_layout = Layout.generate_trivial_layout(*qc.qubits) self.assertEqual(initial_layout, pass_.property_set["final_layout"]) # Check that pass really did do it right. inner_block = transpiled.data[0].operation.blocks[0] running_layout = initial_layout.copy() for instruction in inner_block: if instruction.operation.name == "swap": running_layout.swap(*instruction.qubits) self.assertEqual(initial_layout, running_layout) @ddt class TestStochasticSwapRandomCircuitValidOutput(QiskitTestCase): """Assert the output of a transpilation with stochastic swap is a physical circuit.""" @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): super().setUpClass() cls.backend = FakeMumbai() cls.coupling_edge_set = {tuple(x) for x in cls.backend.configuration().coupling_map} cls.basis_gates = set(cls.backend.configuration().basis_gates) cls.basis_gates.update(["for_loop", "while_loop", "if_else"]) def assert_valid_circuit(self, transpiled): """Assert circuit complies with constraints of backend.""" self.assertIsInstance(transpiled, QuantumCircuit) self.assertIsNotNone(getattr(transpiled, "_layout", None)) def _visit_block(circuit, qubit_mapping=None): for instruction in circuit: if instruction.operation.name in {"barrier", "measure"}: continue self.assertIn(instruction.operation.name, self.basis_gates) qargs = tuple(qubit_mapping[x] for x in instruction.qubits) if not isinstance(instruction.operation, ControlFlowOp): if len(qargs) > 2 or len(qargs) < 0: raise Exception("Invalid number of qargs for instruction") if len(qargs) == 2: self.assertIn(qargs, self.coupling_edge_set) else: self.assertLessEqual(qargs[0], 26) else: for block in instruction.operation.blocks: self.assertEqual(block.num_qubits, len(instruction.qubits)) self.assertEqual(block.num_clbits, len(instruction.clbits)) new_mapping = { inner: qubit_mapping[outer] for outer, inner in zip(instruction.qubits, block.qubits) } _visit_block(block, new_mapping) # Assert routing ran. _visit_block( transpiled, qubit_mapping={qubit: index for index, qubit in enumerate(transpiled.qubits)}, ) @data(*range(1, 27)) def test_random_circuit_no_control_flow(self, size): """Test that transpiled random circuits without control flow are physical circuits.""" circuit = random_circuit(size, 3, measure=True, seed=12342) tqc = transpile( circuit, self.backend, routing_method="stochastic", layout_method="dense", seed_transpiler=12342, ) self.assert_valid_circuit(tqc) @data(*range(1, 27)) def test_random_circuit_no_control_flow_target(self, size): """Test that transpiled random circuits without control flow are physical circuits.""" circuit = random_circuit(size, 3, measure=True, seed=12342) tqc = transpile( circuit, routing_method="stochastic", layout_method="dense", seed_transpiler=12342, target=FakeMumbaiV2().target, ) self.assert_valid_circuit(tqc) @data(*range(4, 27)) def test_random_circuit_for_loop(self, size): """Test that transpiled random circuits with nested for loops are physical circuits.""" circuit = random_circuit(size, 3, measure=False, seed=12342) for_block = random_circuit(3, 2, measure=False, seed=12342) inner_for_block = random_circuit(2, 1, measure=False, seed=12342) with circuit.for_loop((1,)): with circuit.for_loop((1,)): circuit.append(inner_for_block, [0, 3]) circuit.append(for_block, [1, 0, 2]) circuit.measure_all() tqc = transpile( circuit, self.backend, basis_gates=list(self.basis_gates), routing_method="stochastic", layout_method="dense", seed_transpiler=12342, ) self.assert_valid_circuit(tqc) @data(*range(6, 27)) def test_random_circuit_if_else(self, size): """Test that transpiled random circuits with if else blocks are physical circuits.""" circuit = random_circuit(size, 3, measure=True, seed=12342) if_block = random_circuit(3, 2, measure=True, seed=12342) else_block = random_circuit(2, 1, measure=True, seed=12342) rng = numpy.random.default_rng(seed=12342) inner_clbit_count = max((if_block.num_clbits, else_block.num_clbits)) if inner_clbit_count > circuit.num_clbits: circuit.add_bits([Clbit() for _ in [None] * (inner_clbit_count - circuit.num_clbits)]) clbit_indices = list(range(circuit.num_clbits)) rng.shuffle(clbit_indices) with circuit.if_test((circuit.clbits[0], True)) as else_: circuit.append(if_block, [0, 2, 1], clbit_indices[: if_block.num_clbits]) with else_: circuit.append(else_block, [2, 5], clbit_indices[: else_block.num_clbits]) tqc = transpile( circuit, self.backend, basis_gates=list(self.basis_gates), routing_method="stochastic", layout_method="dense", seed_transpiler=12342, ) self.assert_valid_circuit(tqc) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
https://github.com/MonitSharma/Qiskit-Summer-School-and-Quantum-Challenges
MonitSharma
# General Imports import numpy as np # Visualisation Imports import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Scikit Imports from sklearn import datasets from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from sklearn.svm import SVC from sklearn.decomposition import PCA from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler, MinMaxScaler # Qiskit Imports from qiskit import Aer, execute from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, Parameter, ParameterVector from qiskit.circuit.library import PauliFeatureMap, ZFeatureMap, ZZFeatureMap from qiskit.circuit.library import TwoLocal, NLocal, RealAmplitudes, EfficientSU2 from qiskit.circuit.library import HGate, RXGate, RYGate, RZGate, CXGate, CRXGate, CRZGate from qiskit_machine_learning.kernels import QuantumKernel # Load digits dataset digits = datasets.load_digits(n_class=2) # Plot example '0' and '1' fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(6,3)) axs[0].set_axis_off() axs[0].imshow(digits.images[0], cmap=plt.cm.gray_r, interpolation='nearest') axs[1].set_axis_off() axs[1].imshow(digits.images[1], cmap=plt.cm.gray_r, interpolation='nearest') plt.show() # Split dataset sample_train, sample_test, label_train, label_test = train_test_split( digits.data, digits.target, test_size=0.2, random_state=22) # Reduce dimensions n_dim = 4 pca = PCA(n_components=n_dim).fit(sample_train) sample_train = pca.transform(sample_train) sample_test = pca.transform(sample_test) # Normalise std_scale = StandardScaler().fit(sample_train) sample_train = std_scale.transform(sample_train) sample_test = std_scale.transform(sample_test) # Scale samples = np.append(sample_train, sample_test, axis=0) minmax_scale = MinMaxScaler((-1, 1)).fit(samples) sample_train = minmax_scale.transform(sample_train) sample_test = minmax_scale.transform(sample_test) # Select train_size = 100 sample_train = sample_train[:train_size] label_train = label_train[:train_size] test_size = 20 sample_test = sample_test[:test_size] label_test = label_test[:test_size] print(sample_train[0], label_train[0]) print(sample_test[0], label_test[0]) # 3 features, depth 2 map_z = ZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=2) map_z.draw('mpl') # 3 features, depth 1 map_zz = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=1) map_zz.draw('mpl') # 3 features, depth 1, linear entanglement map_zz = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=1, entanglement='linear') map_zz.draw('mpl') # 3 features, depth 1, circular entanglement map_zz = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=1, entanglement='circular') map_zz.draw('mpl') # 3 features, depth 1 map_pauli = PauliFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=1, paulis = ['X', 'Y', 'ZZ']) map_pauli.draw('mpl') def custom_data_map_func(x): coeff = x[0] if len(x) == 1 else reduce(lambda m, n: m * n, np.sin(np.pi - x)) return coeff map_customdatamap = PauliFeatureMap(feature_dimension=3, reps=1, paulis=['Z','ZZ'], data_map_func=custom_data_map_func) #map_customdatamap.draw() # qiskit isn't able to draw the circuit with np.sin in the custom data map twolocal = TwoLocal(num_qubits=3, reps=2, rotation_blocks=['ry','rz'], entanglement_blocks='cx', entanglement='circular', insert_barriers=True) twolocal.draw('mpl') twolocaln = NLocal(num_qubits=3, reps=2, rotation_blocks=[RYGate(Parameter('a')), RZGate(Parameter('a'))], entanglement_blocks=CXGate(), entanglement='circular', insert_barriers=True) twolocaln.draw('mpl') # rotation block: rot = QuantumCircuit(2) params = ParameterVector('r', 2) rot.ry(params[0], 0) rot.rz(params[1], 1) # entanglement block: ent = QuantumCircuit(4) params = ParameterVector('e', 3) ent.crx(params[0], 0, 1) ent.crx(params[1], 1, 2) ent.crx(params[2], 2, 3) nlocal = NLocal(num_qubits=6, rotation_blocks=rot, entanglement_blocks=ent, entanglement='linear', insert_barriers=True) nlocal.draw('mpl') qubits = 3 repeats = 2 x = ParameterVector('x', length=qubits) var_custom = QuantumCircuit(qubits) for _ in range(repeats): for i in range(qubits): var_custom.rx(x[i], i) for i in range(qubits): for j in range(i + 1, qubits): var_custom.cx(i, j) var_custom.p(x[i] * x[j], j) var_custom.cx(i, j) var_custom.barrier() var_custom.draw('mpl') print(sample_train[0]) encode_map = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=4, reps=2, entanglement='linear', insert_barriers=True) encode_circuit = encode_map.bind_parameters(sample_train[0]) encode_circuit.draw(output='mpl') x = [-0.1,0.2] # YOUR CODE HERE encode_map_x =ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=2, reps=4) ex1_circuit =encode_map_x.bind_parameters(x) ex1_circuit.draw(output='mpl') from qc_grader import grade_lab3_ex1 # Note that the grading function is expecting a quantum circuit grade_lab3_ex1(ex1_circuit) zz_map = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=4, reps=2, entanglement='linear', insert_barriers=True) zz_kernel = QuantumKernel(feature_map=zz_map, quantum_instance=Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')) print(sample_train[0]) print(sample_train[1]) zz_circuit = zz_kernel.construct_circuit(sample_train[0], sample_train[1]) zz_circuit.decompose().decompose().draw(output='mpl') backend = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(zz_circuit, backend, shots=8192, seed_simulator=1024, seed_transpiler=1024) counts = job.result().get_counts(zz_circuit) counts['0000']/sum(counts.values()) matrix_train = zz_kernel.evaluate(x_vec=sample_train) matrix_test = zz_kernel.evaluate(x_vec=sample_test, y_vec=sample_train) fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(10, 5)) axs[0].imshow(np.asmatrix(matrix_train), interpolation='nearest', origin='upper', cmap='Blues') axs[0].set_title("training kernel matrix") axs[1].imshow(np.asmatrix(matrix_test), interpolation='nearest', origin='upper', cmap='Reds') axs[1].set_title("testing kernel matrix") plt.show() x = [-0.1,0.2] y = [0.4,-0.6] # YOUR CODE HERE encode_map_x2 = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=2, reps=4) zz_kernel_x2 =QuantumKernel(feature_map=encode_map_x2,quantum_instance=Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')) zz_circuit_x2 =zz_kernel_x2.construct_circuit(x,y) backend =Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') job = execute(zz_circuit_x2,backend,shots=8192, seed_simulator=1024, seed_transpiler=1024) counts_x2 = job.result().get_counts(zz_circuit_x2) amplitude= counts_x2['00']/sum(counts_x2.values()) from qc_grader import grade_lab3_ex2 # Note that the grading function is expecting a floating point number grade_lab3_ex2(amplitude) zzpc_svc = SVC(kernel='precomputed') zzpc_svc.fit(matrix_train, label_train) zzpc_score = zzpc_svc.score(matrix_test, label_test) print(f'Precomputed kernel classification test score: {zzpc_score}') zzcb_svc = SVC(kernel=zz_kernel.evaluate) zzcb_svc.fit(sample_train, label_train) zzcb_score = zzcb_svc.score(sample_test, label_test) print(f'Callable kernel classification test score: {zzcb_score}') classical_kernels = ['linear', 'poly', 'rbf', 'sigmoid'] for kernel in classical_kernels: classical_svc = SVC(kernel=kernel) classical_svc.fit(sample_train, label_train) classical_score = classical_svc.score(sample_test, label_test) print('%s kernel classification test score: %0.2f' % (kernel, classical_score))
https://github.com/GabrielPontolillo/QiskitPBT
GabrielPontolillo
import random import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit from QiskitPBT.case_studies.grovers_algorithm.grovers_algorithm import grovers_algorithm from QiskitPBT.case_studies.grovers_algorithm.grovers_algorithm_helpers import RandomGroversOracleMarkedStatesPairGenerator from QiskitPBT.property import Property class GroversAlgorithmMostFrequentNotMarkedIfTooManyMarked(Property): # specify the inputs that are to be generated def get_input_generators(self): return [RandomGroversOracleMarkedStatesPairGenerator(4, 7, "too_many")] # specify the preconditions for the test def preconditions(self, oracle_pair): oracle, marked_states = oracle_pair # need more than half for this property to hold if len(marked_states) < 2**(oracle.num_qubits//2): return False return True # specify the operations to be performed on the input def operations(self, oracle_pair): oracle, marked_states = oracle_pair # for this case to work out, we need to apply at least 1 grover iteration (we would otherwise get 0) n_iterations = 1 circ = grovers_algorithm(oracle, n_iterations) # invert most frequent list to get the list of states that are not marked not_marked_states = list(set(range(2**(circ.num_qubits-1))) - set(marked_states)) not_marked_binary_states = [] # marked states to binary strings to check for state in not_marked_states: binary = bin(state)[2:] binary = '0' * (oracle.num_qubits - 1 - len(binary)) + binary binary = binary[::-1] not_marked_binary_states.append(binary) # TODO: need to implement this assert most frequent, or something like it, all i know about the output state # is that the most frequent state should be from the list of marked, and (roughly) all should have the same distribution # but maybe testing that is not easy to implement with what we have self.statistical_analysis.assert_most_frequent(self, list(range(circ.num_qubits-1)), circ, not_marked_binary_states, basis=["z"])
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
import random from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector secret = random.randint(0,7) # the owner is randomly picked secret_string = format(secret, '03b') # format the owner in 3-bit string oracle = Statevector.from_label(secret_string) # let the oracle know the owner from qiskit.algorithms import AmplificationProblem problem = AmplificationProblem(oracle, is_good_state=secret_string) from qiskit.algorithms import Grover grover_circuits = [] for iteration in range(1,3): grover = Grover(iterations=iteration) circuit = grover.construct_circuit(problem) circuit.measure_all() grover_circuits.append(circuit) # Grover's circuit with 1 iteration grover_circuits[0].draw() # Grover's circuit with 2 iterations grover_circuits[1].draw() from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService service = QiskitRuntimeService() backend = "ibmq_qasm_simulator" # use the simulator from qiskit_ibm_runtime import Sampler, Session with Session(service=service, backend=backend): sampler = Sampler() job = sampler.run(circuits=grover_circuits, shots=1000) result = job.result() print(result) from qiskit.tools.visualization import plot_histogram # Extract bit string with highest probability from results as the answer result_dict = result.quasi_dists[1].binary_probabilities() answer = max(result_dict, key=result_dict.get) print(f"As you can see, the quantum computer returned '{answer}' as the answer with highest probability.\n" "And the results with 2 iterations have higher probability than the results with 1 iteration." ) # Plot the results plot_histogram(result.quasi_dists, legend=['1 iteration', '2 iterations']) # Print the results and the correct answer. print(f"Quantum answer: {answer}") print(f"Correct answer: {secret_string}") print('Success!' if answer == secret_string else 'Failure!') import qiskit_ibm_runtime qiskit_ibm_runtime.version.get_version_info() import qiskit.tools.jupyter %qiskit_version_table %qiskit_copyright
https://github.com/swe-bench/Qiskit__qiskit
swe-bench
import numpy as np from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile from qiskit.providers.aer import QasmSimulator from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram # Use Aer's qasm_simulator simulator = QasmSimulator() # Create a Quantum Circuit acting on the q register circuit = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) # Add a H gate on qubit 0 circuit.h(0) # Add a CX (CNOT) gate on control qubit 0 and target qubit 1 circuit.cx(0, 1) # Map the quantum measurement to the classical bits circuit.measure([0,1], [0,1]) # compile the circuit down to low-level QASM instructions # supported by the backend (not needed for simple circuits) compiled_circuit = transpile(circuit, simulator) # Execute the circuit on the qasm simulator job = simulator.run(compiled_circuit, shots=1000) # Grab results from the job result = job.result() # Returns counts counts = result.get_counts(compiled_circuit) # print("\nTotal count for 00 and 11 are:",counts) # Draw the ci circuit.draw(output="latex", filename="printing.png")
https://github.com/bayesian-randomized-benchmarking/qiskit-advocates-bayes-RB
bayesian-randomized-benchmarking
import numpy as np import time from qiskit_experiments.library import StandardRB, InterleavedRB from qiskit_experiments.framework import ParallelExperiment from qiskit_experiments.library.randomized_benchmarking import RBUtils import qiskit.circuit.library as circuits # for retrieving gate Reference from datetime import datetime import qiskit.providers.aer.noise.device as dv # import the bayesian packages import pymc3 as pm import arviz as az import qiskit_bayesian_fitter as bf simulation = True # make your choice here if simulation: from qiskit.providers.aer import AerSimulator from qiskit.test.mock import FakeParis backend = AerSimulator.from_backend(FakeParis()) else: from qiskit import IBMQ IBMQ.load_account() provider = IBMQ.get_provider(hub='ibm-q') backend = provider.get_backend('ibmq_bogota') # type here hardware backend # describe RB experiment (accept 1-qubit or 2-qubit interleaved gate) is_1_qubit = False if is_1_qubit: interleaved_gate = "x" interleaved_circuit = circuits.XGate() qubits = [0] lengths = np.arange(1, 2500, 250) testval_s = 0.001 upper_s = 0.004 lower_s = 0.0005 alpha_Gamma = 10 beta_Gamma = 10000 else: interleaved_gate = "cx" interleaved_circuit = circuits.CXGate() qubits = [1,4] lengths = np.arange(1, 200, 15) testval_s = 0.0025 upper_s = 0.005 lower_s = 0.0005 alpha_Gamma = 5 beta_Gamma = 2000 num_samples = 10 seed = 194606 # get the backend's referencevalue t = None # enter t in datetime format if necessary # use properties(datetime=t) if t is defined e_list = dv.gate_error_values(backend.properties()) epc_calib = np.nan for tuple_e in e_list: if tuple_e[0] == interleaved_gate and tuple_e[1] == qubits: epc_calib = tuple_e[2] print('EPC reference: {0:1.4e}'.format(epc_calib)) #prepare circuits int_exp = InterleavedRB(interleaved_circuit, qubits, lengths, num_samples=num_samples, seed=seed) #run print("start experiments",time.strftime('%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S')) int_expdata = int_exp.run(backend).block_for_results() print(" end experiments",time.strftime('%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S')) experiment_type = int_expdata._data[0]['metadata']['experiment_type'] physical_qubits = int_expdata._data[0]['metadata']['physical_qubits'] shots = int_expdata._data[0]['shots'] nQ = len(qubits) scale = (2 ** nQ - 1) / 2 ** nQ m_len = len(lengths) # get count data and other values from int_expdata Y = bf.get_GSP_counts(int_expdata._data, 2*m_len, range(num_samples)) # get RvsI_h and IvsR_h RvsI_h = np.ones(2*m_len) for i_data in range(2*m_len): if int_expdata._data[i_data]['metadata']['interleaved']: RvsI_h[i_data] = 0. IvsR_h = (RvsI_h + 1.) %2 X0 = np.tile(lengths,2) X = np.vstack((X0,RvsI_h,IvsR_h)) y_mean = np.mean(Y, axis = 0)/shots sigma_y = np.std(Y, axis = 0)/shots model = "hierarchical model" # priors for unknown model parameters T_priors = int_expdata.analysis_results()[0].value.value print(T_priors) h_model = bf.create_model(T_priors, X, Y, shots, scale, testval_s = testval_s, upper_s = upper_s, lower_s = lower_s, s_prior = "Gamma", alpha_Gamma = alpha_Gamma, beta_Gamma = beta_Gamma) # model graph pm.model_to_graphviz(h_model) # sample with h_model: trace_h = pm.sample(draws = 4000, tune= 1000, target_accept=.99, return_inferencedata=True) with h_model: az.plot_trace(trace_h); with h_model: az.plot_posterior(trace_h, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], round_to = 4, figsize = [16, 8]); # look at the posterior values of the hyperparameters: with h_model: # (hdi_prob=.94 is default) azt_summary = az.summary(trace_h, round_to=12, var_names = ["Tying_Parameters","σ_Beta","EPC"], kind="stats") azt_summary # for comparison # bayesian epc_est_a = azt_summary['mean']['EPC'] epc_est_a_err = azt_summary['sd']['EPC'] # frequentist epc_est_fm = int_expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.value epc_est_fm_err = int_expdata.analysis_results()[3].value.stderr epc_title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate \ + " qubit(s):" + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+ backend.name() + "\n Bayesian "+model bf.plot_epc(h_model, trace_h, epc_calib, epc_est_a, epc_est_a_err, epc_est_fm, epc_est_fm_err, epc_title) # compare LSF and SMC print("Model: Frequentist Bayesian Reference") print("__________________________________________________________") print("EPC {0:1.3e} {1:1.3e} {2:1.3e}" .format(epc_est_fm,epc_est_a,epc_calib )) print("± sd ± {0:1.3e} ± {1:1.3e} " .format(epc_est_fm_err, epc_est_a_err)) def calc_chisquare(ydata, sigma, ycalc): r = ydata - ycalc chisq = np.sum((r / sigma) ** 2) return chisq # GSP plot # perform reduced χ² value calculation for Bayes hierarchical mean_h = trace_h.posterior.mean(dim=['chain', 'draw']) theta_stacked = mean_h.θ.values NDF_h = m_len*2 - 4 - 1 # (-1 is for σ_Beta) chisq_h = calc_chisquare(y_mean, sigma_y, theta_stacked)/NDF_h #box: texto = " alpha = {0:7.4f} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt_summary['mean']['Tying_Parameters[1]'], azt_summary['sd']['Tying_Parameters[1]']) + "\n" texto +=" alpha_c = {0:7.4f} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt_summary['mean']['Tying_Parameters[2]'], azt_summary['sd']['Tying_Parameters[2]']) + "\n" texto +=" EPC = {0:7.4f} ± {1:1.4e}"\ .format(azt_summary['mean']['EPC'], azt_summary['sd']['EPC']) + "\n" texto +=" Fit χ² = {0:7.4f} "\ .format(chisq_h) # obtain data for plot bounds_rmk, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2 = \ bf.prepare_two_curves_GSP_plot(h_model, trace_h, X, Y, HDI = False) # title title = experiment_type +', ' + interleaved_gate\ + str(physical_qubits)\ +', backend: '+backend.name()+\ "\n Bayesian "+model+" "+ bounds_rmk # plot bf.gsp_plot(scale, lengths, num_samples, shots, texto, title, y1, y1_min, y1_max, y2, y2_min, y2_max, Y1, Y2, first_curve = "Standard", second_curve = "Interleaved") # View result for frequentist model display(int_expdata.figure(0))
https://github.com/adelshb/Quantum-Machine-Learning-for-Titanic-on-IBM-Q
adelshb
from qiskit import Aer, QuantumCircuit from qiskit.utils import QuantumInstance from qiskit_machine_learning.neural_networks import CircuitQNN from qiskit_machine_learning.algorithms.classifiers import NeuralNetworkClassifier from qiskit.algorithms.optimizers import COBYLA from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes, ZZFeatureMap from titanicibmq.titanic_data import * # Install a pip package in the current Jupyter kernel import sys !{sys.executable} -m pip install sklearn from sklearn.decomposition import PCA # Load the data datapath="data/" data, __ = titanic(datapath=datapath) data.sample(frac=1) X = data.drop("Survived", axis=1).values pca = PCA(n_components=2) Xpca = pca.fit_transform(X) split_ratio = 0.2 X_train = Xpca[int(data.shape[0]*split_ratio):,:] X_test = Xpca[:int(data.shape[0]*split_ratio),:] y_train = data.iloc[int(data.shape[0]*split_ratio):,:]["Survived"].values y_test = data.iloc[:int(data.shape[0]*split_ratio),:]["Survived"].values def get_interpret(num_classes): def parity(x, num_classes=num_classes): return '{:b}'.format(x).count('1') % num_classes return parity def parity(x): return '{:b}'.format(x).count('1') % 2 quantum_instance = QuantumInstance(Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator'), shots=100) optimizer = COBYLA(maxiter=100) feature_map = ZZFeatureMap(feature_dimension=X_train.shape[1], reps=1) ansatz = RealAmplitudes(num_qubits=feature_map._num_qubits, reps=1) qc = QuantumCircuit(feature_map._num_qubits) qc.compose(feature_map, inplace=True) qc.compose(ansatz, inplace=True) qnn = CircuitQNN(circuit= qc, input_params=feature_map.parameters, weight_params=ansatz.parameters, sparse=False, sampling=False, interpret=parity, output_shape=len(np.unique(y_train, axis=0)), gradient=None, quantum_instance=quantum_instance) cc = NeuralNetworkClassifier(neural_network=qnn, optimizer=optimizer) cc.fit(X_train, y_train) # Model accuracy acc_train = cc.score(X_train, y_train) acc_test = cc.score(X_test, y_test) print("Accuracy on training dataset: {}.".format(acc_train)) print("Accuracy on testing dataset: {}.".format(acc_test))
https://github.com/qiskit-community/qiskit-translations-staging
qiskit-community
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakeBoeblingen backend = FakeBoeblingen() ghz = QuantumCircuit(5) ghz.h(0) ghz.cx(0,range(1,5)) circ = transpile(ghz, backend, scheduling_method="asap") circ.draw(output='mpl')