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Human: ChemE graduate taking a manufacturing engineering position traditionally filled by MechE's... What can I do to prepare myself? I'll be starting a job in a month as a manufacturing engineer at a polymer film plant. As part of an overhaul in the polymer process, management recently decided to start filling the p...
Human: ChemE graduate taking a manufacturing engineering position traditionally filled by MechE's... What can I do to prepare myself? I'll be starting a job in a month as a manufacturing engineer at a polymer film plant. As part of an overhaul in the polymer process, management recently decided to start filling the p...
Human: I understand the mathematical explanation but what is the physical explanation behind an isenthalpic temperature rise across a pressure differential (i.e. high pressure hydraulic oil passing through an orifice)? We're having some issues with hydraulics at my company and while I'm not directly involved, it got ...
Human: I understand the mathematical explanation but what is the physical explanation behind an isenthalpic temperature rise across a pressure differential (i.e. high pressure hydraulic oil passing through an orifice)? We're having some issues with hydraulics at my company and while I'm not directly involved, it got ...
Human: Do you charge people you know, when they ask you to do anything engineering related? Basically the title. I’ve gotten really tired of taking my time designing boring CAD models every time a family member or old acquaintance wants something 3D printed. Or when they have some failure of a business idea. Liter...
Human: Do you charge people you know, when they ask you to do anything engineering related? Basically the title. I’ve gotten really tired of taking my time designing boring CAD models every time a family member or old acquaintance wants something 3D printed. Or when they have some failure of a business idea. Liter...
Human: How do you think the classified self-guided bullet EXACTO technology work ? www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX8Z2MDYX3g It's basically a .50 cal bullet that can adjust its trajectory 30 times per second to land on a laser-painted target I was wondering issues like a bullet which is spinning (I guess missiles are not...
Human: How do you think the classified self-guided bullet EXACTO technology work ? www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX8Z2MDYX3g It's basically a .50 cal bullet that can adjust its trajectory 30 times per second to land on a laser-painted target I was wondering issues like a bullet which is spinning (I guess missiles are not...
Human: Working at Intel soon...stuff to familiarize myself with the way chips are made? Just looking for some videos, books, etc that are helpful to get up to speed quickly @ Intel. Also, if any of you work there, what do you think? Things to do? Cool benefits to take advantage of? Thanks! Assistant: Also in what re...
Human: Working at Intel soon...stuff to familiarize myself with the way chips are made? Just looking for some videos, books, etc that are helpful to get up to speed quickly @ Intel. Also, if any of you work there, what do you think? Things to do? Cool benefits to take advantage of? Thanks! Assistant: Real basic high...
Human: What is the word for when a 3D surface can be made from 2D materials using just cutting and bending? A naval architect one told me the word that represents this concept, but I can never remember it. My brain wants to say "realizable", but google doesn't turn on up anything on that. I think it came up when we w...
Human: What is the word for when a 3D surface can be made from 2D materials using just cutting and bending? A naval architect one told me the word that represents this concept, but I can never remember it. My brain wants to say "realizable", but google doesn't turn on up anything on that. I think it came up when we w...
Human: Is it possible to make a vacuum pump out of a window air conditioner unit? I want to make a vacuum ping pong ball cannon, but can't get a vacuum pump. Could an AC compressor be repurposed to do it? Assistant: Buy a cheap vacuum pump from aliexpress. <$20
Human: Is it possible to make a vacuum pump out of a window air conditioner unit? I want to make a vacuum ping pong ball cannon, but can't get a vacuum pump. Could an AC compressor be repurposed to do it? Assistant: Why can't you get a vacuum pump?
Human: How did you get your start? How did you guys figure out what specific job you wanted to do. What has brought you to this current point in life? Assistant: I picked engineering because it paid well and has a high employment rate. I picked EE because I did well in the circuit section of my physics class. I pick...
Human: How did you get your start? How did you guys figure out what specific job you wanted to do. What has brought you to this current point in life? Assistant: Chemistry, Coffee.
Human: What fuel do military rockets mainly use? solid or liquid? Assistant: “Ignition!” Is a great book that talks in depth about the development of lots of these rocket fuels. Surprisingly easy to read given the chemistry discussed. Highly recommended.
Human: What fuel do military rockets mainly use? solid or liquid? Assistant: Depend on the application. Tomahawk? Liquid fuel, ICBM ? Solid Edit.... appearantly tomahawk also use solid
Human: I have a meeting with the CEO next month. What should I ask him? I’m a recent hire part of a rotational program focused on operations. I got an invite last week to a 30 minute call with the CEO. I want to make a good impression of course so I thought I’d ask you smart creative bunch. Any good questions or ta...
Human: I have a meeting with the CEO next month. What should I ask him? I’m a recent hire part of a rotational program focused on operations. I got an invite last week to a 30 minute call with the CEO. I want to make a good impression of course so I thought I’d ask you smart creative bunch. Any good questions or ta...
Human: What is more dangerous and how? Voltage or current? I often hear people say "current above 1A is deadly" or "high voltage is dangerous". Or are they both equally important (power)? If so, what are the ranges where it is safe? And can you tell me why each of these are dangerous (what will high current or volta...
Human: What is more dangerous and how? Voltage or current? I often hear people say "current above 1A is deadly" or "high voltage is dangerous". Or are they both equally important (power)? If so, what are the ranges where it is safe? And can you tell me why each of these are dangerous (what will high current or volta...
Human: I'm a young petroleum engineering student and I want to know which language (other than English) would you recommend for me to learn? I am a petroleum engineering student in Croatia and I want to learn another language that can help me get better job after graduation other than English. I'm considering Norwegi...
Human: I'm a young petroleum engineering student and I want to know which language (other than English) would you recommend for me to learn? I am a petroleum engineering student in Croatia and I want to learn another language that can help me get better job after graduation other than English. I'm considering Norwegi...
Human: What non-engineering books should engineers and engineering students read? I've just started getting active within this sub, but have seen questions about what to do with spare time, how to better network, how to do better on interviews, etc. A few common themes have emerged, such as developing your social sk...
Human: What non-engineering books should engineers and engineering students read? I've just started getting active within this sub, but have seen questions about what to do with spare time, how to better network, how to do better on interviews, etc. A few common themes have emerged, such as developing your social sk...
Human: Do any other recent graduates want to do something that isn't engineering? I graduated in the spring and just got an offer from a big aerospace engine mfg company. I'm going to accept to see how I like it since it's going to be a very new experience, but part of me is worried I won't like it. Towards the end o...
Human: Do any other recent graduates want to do something that isn't engineering? I graduated in the spring and just got an offer from a big aerospace engine mfg company. I'm going to accept to see how I like it since it's going to be a very new experience, but part of me is worried I won't like it. Towards the end o...
Human: What’s the coolest Christmas gift you have received? Doesn’t have to be engineering related necessarily, but all the engineers I know love cool, nerdy, mechanical objects. Figured we’d switch up the regular career advice and see everyone’s cool toys! Assistant: Something called a “Power Meter” for my bike (I’...
Human: What’s the coolest Christmas gift you have received? Doesn’t have to be engineering related necessarily, but all the engineers I know love cool, nerdy, mechanical objects. Figured we’d switch up the regular career advice and see everyone’s cool toys! Assistant: Recently: a fitbit. As a kid: Super Nintendo and...
Human: Trying to learn to use Matlab So as i progress into my career i can't really ignore this any more. My university makes us use Matlab a lot but there's not a specific course to really "learn" to use it, I've learnt a few things as I go but I still feel like I should be more knowledgeable in this, I wanted to kn...
Human: Trying to learn to use Matlab So as i progress into my career i can't really ignore this any more. My university makes us use Matlab a lot but there's not a specific course to really "learn" to use it, I've learnt a few things as I go but I still feel like I should be more knowledgeable in this, I wanted to kn...
Human: I cannot come close to my microphone without creating a strong buzz. When I Hold my microphone's cable this stops. Why and how to solve it? I have a generic headset I like to use just for its microphone connected to my desktop pc. Now people have been complaining about a buzzing sound in the background but onl...
Human: I cannot come close to my microphone without creating a strong buzz. When I Hold my microphone's cable this stops. Why and how to solve it? I have a generic headset I like to use just for its microphone connected to my desktop pc. Now people have been complaining about a buzzing sound in the background but onl...
Human: What would be a useful gift for a mining engineer starting his first job? My little brother just got his first job as a mining engineer and I want to get him a useful gift as he will be living remotely on site. What is something useful I can give him? Assistant: By order of importance: - Socks and foot powde...
Human: What would be a useful gift for a mining engineer starting his first job? My little brother just got his first job as a mining engineer and I want to get him a useful gift as he will be living remotely on site. What is something useful I can give him? Assistant: A good headlamp
Human: Where do I start with the most simple kind of engineering? I have looked around, but I cannot for the life of me find a resource for this. I am sorry if I come off as not knowing anything (because I really don't know.) I own a 3d printer and do woodworking and I am only interested in designing the most simple...
Human: Where do I start with the most simple kind of engineering? I have looked around, but I cannot for the life of me find a resource for this. I am sorry if I come off as not knowing anything (because I really don't know.) I own a 3d printer and do woodworking and I am only interested in designing the most simple...
Human: Is high speed rail practical? Here in the us there is no high speed rail. I’m a pretty science literate person and it seems to me like a pretty killer way to move goods and people around. Seems like it would be efficient and get semis off the road and planes out of the air. I wanted to “AskEngineers” whether t...
Human: Is high speed rail practical? Here in the us there is no high speed rail. I’m a pretty science literate person and it seems to me like a pretty killer way to move goods and people around. Seems like it would be efficient and get semis off the road and planes out of the air. I wanted to “AskEngineers” whether t...
Human: Masters in CS with a Bach in Mechanical Engineering. Hi everyone, so I have a bachelor in mechanical engineering but since the final year of my degree that I've wanted to pursue a career as a software developer. Since I have basic knowledge in Visual Basic, C and Java, I talked to the main professor of the ...
Human: Masters in CS with a Bach in Mechanical Engineering. Hi everyone, so I have a bachelor in mechanical engineering but since the final year of my degree that I've wanted to pursue a career as a software developer. Since I have basic knowledge in Visual Basic, C and Java, I talked to the main professor of the ...
Human: Just got fired (today)! What now? Honestly my old job kinda broke my brain a little bit, and I have no idea what I like or am good at anymore. I did engineering change requests and that was torture, especially with undiagnosed/unmedicated ADHD. I did machine retrofits & construction design for an industrial ...
Human: Just got fired (today)! What now? Honestly my old job kinda broke my brain a little bit, and I have no idea what I like or am good at anymore. I did engineering change requests and that was torture, especially with undiagnosed/unmedicated ADHD. I did machine retrofits & construction design for an industrial ...
Human: Is Lean six sigma worth it? I am a mechanical engineering undergraduate student starting my final year and I am considering doing the green belt lean six sigma certification at my university. It is fairly expensive and I would have to take a week off from work, but I am also thinking of doing an mba or masters...
Human: Is Lean six sigma worth it? I am a mechanical engineering undergraduate student starting my final year and I am considering doing the green belt lean six sigma certification at my university. It is fairly expensive and I would have to take a week off from work, but I am also thinking of doing an mba or masters...
Human: Is there a website where I could find technical drawings of parts with all the rules applied? I’m an aerospace engineering student and I’ve been looking for some technical drawings to get familiarized with but I can’t find any “base” on the Internet to cull from. The drawings would have to be congruent with al...
Human: Is there a website where I could find technical drawings of parts with all the rules applied? I’m an aerospace engineering student and I’ve been looking for some technical drawings to get familiarized with but I can’t find any “base” on the Internet to cull from. The drawings would have to be congruent with al...
Human: What is the day of a mechanical engineer like? And electrical? What kind of work do you do? What did you start out doing? Do you like doing it? Would you like to switch to a different type of engineering? Do you travel a lot? Do you like your pay? All feedback appreciated, thanks! Assistant: I spend half my ...
Human: What is the day of a mechanical engineer like? And electrical? What kind of work do you do? What did you start out doing? Do you like doing it? Would you like to switch to a different type of engineering? Do you travel a lot? Do you like your pay? All feedback appreciated, thanks! Assistant: Mechanical and E...
Human: How much detail should I give in an exit interview? I'm currently scheduled for an exit interview next week with my employer. I have many reasons for leaving, and I am wondering just how much detail should I give? I feel like some of these details will throw my immediate managers under the bus with their upp...
Human: How much detail should I give in an exit interview? I'm currently scheduled for an exit interview next week with my employer. I have many reasons for leaving, and I am wondering just how much detail should I give? I feel like some of these details will throw my immediate managers under the bus with their upp...
Human: How To Maintain 12V / 30A during a 200ms Outage? I have a battery disconnect switch with 4 positions: Source 1, Source 2, Both, Off. Continuity tester's beep is interrupted when switching from "1" to "Both." I'd like my things to stay running when switching. Max load will be 30A. Is there some sort of bee...
Human: How To Maintain 12V / 30A during a 200ms Outage? I have a battery disconnect switch with 4 positions: Source 1, Source 2, Both, Off. Continuity tester's beep is interrupted when switching from "1" to "Both." I'd like my things to stay running when switching. Max load will be 30A. Is there some sort of bee...
Human: What field of engineering did you pick and why? Assistant: Chemical Engineer I used to steal glassware to make bongs in high school chemistry. Took AP because it had better and continued access to glassware. I thought "well wet bench chemistry is boring as fuck and Engineering school is the hardest to get i...
Human: What field of engineering did you pick and why? Assistant: Network Engineering. Was studying Info Sci in Boston as I didn't want to do Computer Science. Cisco Systems comes to campus to hold info sessions for their internships. I was the only one that showed up, sounded interesting, got an interview, got t...
Human: Engineers , How satisfied are with your careers? and would you do anything diff if you could o back to college years?-diff major ?college? etc Assistant: So what I'm getting from this post is that engineering is over-glorified and to live my last days of college to the fullest? Good thing I've decided to do j...
Human: Engineers , How satisfied are with your careers? and would you do anything diff if you could o back to college years?-diff major ?college? etc Assistant: A++ would career again. In high school, I probably would have taken Mandarin Chinese instead of Spanish. That's specific to my career needs and not necessa...
Human: What % of recent mech grads have gotten jobs I am trying to guage roughly what % of recent mech grads who grduated during covid have got jobs. If you have a rough idea between yourself and your friends who graduated and can give an estimate that would be great. Assistant: Even in regular years only about 30% ...
Human: What % of recent mech grads have gotten jobs I am trying to guage roughly what % of recent mech grads who grduated during covid have got jobs. If you have a rough idea between yourself and your friends who graduated and can give an estimate that would be great. Assistant: May 2020 mech e here. Job offer resc...
Human: Is Delta-Wye configuration irrelevant when it comes to single-phase transformers? Let's say that our load is a 200 Amp panel feeding from a 50 Amp breaker (480VAC). I would assume, two wires (two hots/phases) from the 50 A breaker would connect to the primary side of a 35 KVA transformer, while the the seconda...
Human: Is Delta-Wye configuration irrelevant when it comes to single-phase transformers? Let's say that our load is a 200 Amp panel feeding from a 50 Amp breaker (480VAC). I would assume, two wires (two hots/phases) from the 50 A breaker would connect to the primary side of a 35 KVA transformer, while the the seconda...
Human: What is the "next big step" in robotics? I am a mechanical engineer and I think I will end up transitioning to something like mechatronics. I hear of companies like Boston Dynamics and Amazon Robotics. However, I am a little confused as to what are the biggest advancements in recent years. What makes a robot t...
Human: What is the "next big step" in robotics? I am a mechanical engineer and I think I will end up transitioning to something like mechatronics. I hear of companies like Boston Dynamics and Amazon Robotics. However, I am a little confused as to what are the biggest advancements in recent years. What makes a robot t...
Human: I’m looking for a light but rigid sheet of plastic. I need something about 30”x48” that won’t bend when lifted from one end. I am building an avalanche simulation board. Basically, I have a scissor lift that is going to lift this sheet up from one side at various angles between 0 and 45 degrees. The load on ...
Human: I’m looking for a light but rigid sheet of plastic. I need something about 30”x48” that won’t bend when lifted from one end. I am building an avalanche simulation board. Basically, I have a scissor lift that is going to lift this sheet up from one side at various angles between 0 and 45 degrees. The load on ...
Human: What kind of statistics do engineers use? I am an engineering student, and I am about to finish my semester taking a statistics course. As I prepare for my final exam, I was wondering if there are any particular topics in statistics I should put extra focus on understanding to better prepare myself for an engi...
Human: What kind of statistics do engineers use? I am an engineering student, and I am about to finish my semester taking a statistics course. As I prepare for my final exam, I was wondering if there are any particular topics in statistics I should put extra focus on understanding to better prepare myself for an engi...
Human: Is anyone else absolutely terrible at mental math? I score very high on standardized tests but I just suck at doing simple calculations in my head. I always make the dumbest mistakes. Assistant: I always say "I'm more worried about someone seeing my calculator history than my browser history"
Human: Is anyone else absolutely terrible at mental math? I score very high on standardized tests but I just suck at doing simple calculations in my head. I always make the dumbest mistakes. Assistant: Same here. Not sure what it is. I feel like my mind goes into overdrive when dealing with complicated problems, oth...
Human: What is the minimum size metal mesh that bluetooth or 2.4GHz can pass through? As the topic says I am trying to find the minimum square hole size for a metal mesh that lets bluetooth signal pass through. I am trying not to make a faraday cage for the signal. The mesh is made from stainless steel wire. Plea...
Human: What is the minimum size metal mesh that bluetooth or 2.4GHz can pass through? As the topic says I am trying to find the minimum square hole size for a metal mesh that lets bluetooth signal pass through. I am trying not to make a faraday cage for the signal. The mesh is made from stainless steel wire. Plea...
Human: Automotive question: Why are passenger car tires all roughly 35psi? I've seen lots of answers to adjacent questions that are about overinflation, underinflation and all the stuff a vehicle owner should care about, but this question is not that. I'm wondering why 35psi seems to be the designed pressure for mill...
Human: Automotive question: Why are passenger car tires all roughly 35psi? I've seen lots of answers to adjacent questions that are about overinflation, underinflation and all the stuff a vehicle owner should care about, but this question is not that. I'm wondering why 35psi seems to be the designed pressure for mill...
Human: How to calculate flow rate based on pressure and pipe diameter? How can i calculate the flow rate in cubic meters if i only have the diameter of the pipe (2 inches) and the pressure 2 bar? Assistant: What are you actually doing? Is this a real system? Based on some of your sub-comments, you have some type of...
Human: How to calculate flow rate based on pressure and pipe diameter? How can i calculate the flow rate in cubic meters if i only have the diameter of the pipe (2 inches) and the pressure 2 bar? Assistant: Calculate friction factor... Use moody diagram to find Reynolds number. Back calculate flow rate based on flui...
Human: Is it better to have more internships or a long-term one? I got an internship in my major (EE) field and they informed me that they'll keep me on until I graduate and consider a salaried position after that. But, I've been offered several other internships (all at average companies). Would it be better to have...
Human: Is it better to have more internships or a long-term one? I got an internship in my major (EE) field and they informed me that they'll keep me on until I graduate and consider a salaried position after that. But, I've been offered several other internships (all at average companies). Would it be better to have...
Human: Can anyone recommend good books on nuclear power? I’ll take anything - nuclear chemistries, research, reactor design, tales from disasters, history of research programs. Anything interesting. Assistant: I have a reading list for nuclear topics going here: https://whatisnuclear.com/nuclear-reading-list.html A...
Human: Can anyone recommend good books on nuclear power? I’ll take anything - nuclear chemistries, research, reactor design, tales from disasters, history of research programs. Anything interesting. Assistant: Midnight in Chernobyl was absolutely fantastic. I’m a structural engineer and appreciated the technical det...
Human: Question About Engineering Ethics- How to Make an Ethical Choice? I work in a manufacturing facility as a manufacturing engineer. I program parts, load data into an MRP system and calculate labor costs, material costs, and production rates as part of my job. I am the primary manufacturing engineer dedicated to...
Human: Question About Engineering Ethics- How to Make an Ethical Choice? I work in a manufacturing facility as a manufacturing engineer. I program parts, load data into an MRP system and calculate labor costs, material costs, and production rates as part of my job. I am the primary manufacturing engineer dedicated to...
Human: Is aerospace engineering a growing or diminishing field? I'm currently studying mechanical engineering and are going to choose a master profile in a year and I'm very intrested in aerospace but I'm a bit concerned that it's a dying field. So my question is is it worth going in to? I know a lot of people are ta...
Human: Is aerospace engineering a growing or diminishing field? I'm currently studying mechanical engineering and are going to choose a master profile in a year and I'm very intrested in aerospace but I'm a bit concerned that it's a dying field. So my question is is it worth going in to? I know a lot of people are ta...
Human: Math. After college, what math will I use every day in environmental engineering, and what were your studying techniques during school? I have never been very good at math. Granted, I've never really tried hard to be good at it. I didn't pay much attention to anything in high school except trying to meet girls...
Human: Math. After college, what math will I use every day in environmental engineering, and what were your studying techniques during school? I have never been very good at math. Granted, I've never really tried hard to be good at it. I didn't pay much attention to anything in high school except trying to meet girls...
Human: Telling interviewer that you already have another job offer when you don't? Let's say you are expecting a job offer but didn't receive it yet, and are still interviewing with other companies. Can you tell tell them that you already have a job offer so they can speed up the interview process? Assistant: Lying,...
Human: Telling interviewer that you already have another job offer when you don't? Let's say you are expecting a job offer but didn't receive it yet, and are still interviewing with other companies. Can you tell tell them that you already have a job offer so they can speed up the interview process? Assistant: There'...
Human: What maths is used in Bridge engineering? Hi all, I hope everyone is doing well. I was just wondering what maths do bridge engineers do? For example, do they use algebra ( quadratic, simultaneous equations etc)? Btw I'm from the UK. Thanks, AspiringEngineer89 Assistant: Not dynamics, hopefully
Human: What maths is used in Bridge engineering? Hi all, I hope everyone is doing well. I was just wondering what maths do bridge engineers do? For example, do they use algebra ( quadratic, simultaneous equations etc)? Btw I'm from the UK. Thanks, AspiringEngineer89 Assistant: Stop wondering bout London bridge f...
Human: My guitar (in Texas) started picking up Radio Havana Cuba [Recording]. Why? I was messing around with guitar today and stopped when I heard a voice. Listened for a second and heard someone say "You are listening to Radio Havanah Cuba" and some spanish. It went away so I kept noodling but left a recording going...
Human: My guitar (in Texas) started picking up Radio Havana Cuba [Recording]. Why? I was messing around with guitar today and stopped when I heard a voice. Listened for a second and heard someone say "You are listening to Radio Havanah Cuba" and some spanish. It went away so I kept noodling but left a recording going...
Human: What keeps a passenger jets stable when braking on landing with tricycle type landing gear? One only needs to see Jeremy from Top Gear drive a Robin Reliant, or hear of horror stories about Honda's three-wheel ATC from the 80s, to know how dangerously unstable trike-type vehicles can be. Personally, I can't ev...
Human: What keeps a passenger jets stable when braking on landing with tricycle type landing gear? One only needs to see Jeremy from Top Gear drive a Robin Reliant, or hear of horror stories about Honda's three-wheel ATC from the 80s, to know how dangerously unstable trike-type vehicles can be. Personally, I can't ev...
Human: Can someone please explain the solution to this pulley problem to me? http://imgur.com/a/aSDyr What's confusing me is why the 1200 N force is not divided equally into it's two cables.. Should it not be two 600 N forces? Assistant: I did the same thing as you before I looked at the solution. The catch is tha...
Human: Can someone please explain the solution to this pulley problem to me? http://imgur.com/a/aSDyr What's confusing me is why the 1200 N force is not divided equally into it's two cables.. Should it not be two 600 N forces? Assistant: Lets call the bottom left cable "BCD" BCD has three vertical sections. Each...
Human: Possibility I'll have access to an electric go kart that's missing a battery pack. What are my options to make this thing insane? I work for a company that uses electric motors for a comparatively boring application. The owner of the company apparently decided a couple years ago to put TWO of these motors on a...
Human: Possibility I'll have access to an electric go kart that's missing a battery pack. What are my options to make this thing insane? I work for a company that uses electric motors for a comparatively boring application. The owner of the company apparently decided a couple years ago to put TWO of these motors on a...
Human: What is the name of the "mechanism" that allows controlled cable release by wrapping multiple times around a stable anchor? I feel like this has a name but cannot place what it is. Basically, if you need to do a controlled release of a tensioned cable load, you wrap the cable/rope around a non-moving "pulley"....
Human: What is the name of the "mechanism" that allows controlled cable release by wrapping multiple times around a stable anchor? I feel like this has a name but cannot place what it is. Basically, if you need to do a controlled release of a tensioned cable load, you wrap the cable/rope around a non-moving "pulley"....
Human: Does anyone know what would do this to a titanium sheet? Shipped from China and was wet upon arrival. Surface is smooth over spots. Would anything reverse what has happened without removing material? https://imgur.com/a/3gSBa1Y Assistant: I'll take oxidized chintanium for 2000 please, Alex.
Human: Does anyone know what would do this to a titanium sheet? Shipped from China and was wet upon arrival. Surface is smooth over spots. Would anything reverse what has happened without removing material? https://imgur.com/a/3gSBa1Y Assistant: What’s the end use of the material? Are there any structural integrity...
Human: Is running an engine at its full load good? I was preparing for my mechanical engineering technical interview and stumbled upon a question: if you have two engines and one is running at full load all day and the other is ramping up and down but only working 4 hours a day which one will fail first? My first i...
Human: Is running an engine at its full load good? I was preparing for my mechanical engineering technical interview and stumbled upon a question: if you have two engines and one is running at full load all day and the other is ramping up and down but only working 4 hours a day which one will fail first? My first i...
Human: Can QR codes be stacked on top of each other in different colors? My understanding is that QR codes need at least a 20% difference in color to be readable. I don’t exactly know what “20% difference” means, but it seem like there’s enough room to add more colors that are at least that much different than each...
Human: Can QR codes be stacked on top of each other in different colors? My understanding is that QR codes need at least a 20% difference in color to be readable. I don’t exactly know what “20% difference” means, but it seem like there’s enough room to add more colors that are at least that much different than each...
Human: How to design an ambient cooling system (closed water circle) Hi, I am looking for some general information on how to design cooling systems. Since I don't have any experience in control engineering a webpage or book teaching the basics would be really appreciated. The task itself is pretty straight forward...
Human: How to design an ambient cooling system (closed water circle) Hi, I am looking for some general information on how to design cooling systems. Since I don't have any experience in control engineering a webpage or book teaching the basics would be really appreciated. The task itself is pretty straight forward...
Human: Is a body of water considered an impervious surface? For stormwater management calculations. Assistant: Usually impervious because the stormwater doesn't infiltrate.
Human: Is a body of water considered an impervious surface? For stormwater management calculations. Assistant: For stromwater runoff calculations it is
Human: How does the mathematical relation of Power = Torque * Angular Velocity and the principle of gear ratios relate in the real world? So I completely understand the mathematics behind gear ratios and the relationship between power, torque and rpm. For a simple 2 gear system, the ratio is equal to the number of te...
Human: How does the mathematical relation of Power = Torque * Angular Velocity and the principle of gear ratios relate in the real world? So I completely understand the mathematics behind gear ratios and the relationship between power, torque and rpm. For a simple 2 gear system, the ratio is equal to the number of te...
Human: Why muffin trays aren't made using draw-forming by pressing metal against a die? I'm having a hard time understanding why a manufacturer would choose a complex process for such a simple thing as a muffin baking tray. As the pictures show, each of the cups have been formed separately and then welded on to the ...
Human: Why muffin trays aren't made using draw-forming by pressing metal against a die? I'm having a hard time understanding why a manufacturer would choose a complex process for such a simple thing as a muffin baking tray. As the pictures show, each of the cups have been formed separately and then welded on to the ...
Human: This may not be the place to ask, but can anyone help me with a woodworking project? http://imgur.com/gallery/LfYh7jm I've been trying to figure this project out for a while now but can't seem to make it work, no matter how many trials I do. This started because I just wanted a giant wooden hand to wear, but ...
Human: This may not be the place to ask, but can anyone help me with a woodworking project? http://imgur.com/gallery/LfYh7jm I've been trying to figure this project out for a while now but can't seem to make it work, no matter how many trials I do. This started because I just wanted a giant wooden hand to wear, but ...
Human: Is it okay to use steel cable instead of a tree branch to support a "porch" swing? Howdy! I want to hang a porch swing at my new place and there are some challenges, position-wise. I'm planning on using steel cable suspended pretty tightly between the trunk of the pine tree and a false-front wall above my gara...
Human: Is it okay to use steel cable instead of a tree branch to support a "porch" swing? Howdy! I want to hang a porch swing at my new place and there are some challenges, position-wise. I'm planning on using steel cable suspended pretty tightly between the trunk of the pine tree and a false-front wall above my gara...
Human: I'm experimenting with steel tumbling media, is there any risk of fire? I'm experimenting with using dry steel media (cheap nails) in a tumbler. My first trial created a significant amount of fine metal powder, which concerns me because (as I understand it): 1) Powders can be an explosion hazard 2) Powder...
Human: I'm experimenting with steel tumbling media, is there any risk of fire? I'm experimenting with using dry steel media (cheap nails) in a tumbler. My first trial created a significant amount of fine metal powder, which concerns me because (as I understand it): 1) Powders can be an explosion hazard 2) Powder...
Human: How to determine a proper torque for a screw? Sorry if this question has been asked before. I'm a young engineer being given a task and just seeking for help. My manager asked me to determine a proper torque for a 1/4" - 20, Grade 8 zinc plated screw. From my research the recommended torque is 108 - 122 in-lb...
Human: How to determine a proper torque for a screw? Sorry if this question has been asked before. I'm a young engineer being given a task and just seeking for help. My manager asked me to determine a proper torque for a 1/4" - 20, Grade 8 zinc plated screw. From my research the recommended torque is 108 - 122 in-lb...
Human: So yea, F-1 jobs are super competitive, what about other jobs in motorsports? Anyone work for Sports car manufacturer or any kind of racing team??? Assistant: F1 probably makes up 1% of the motrosports jobs. Every manufacturer has proving grounds, factory teams, etc. There are also hundreds of small racing ...
Human: So yea, F-1 jobs are super competitive, what about other jobs in motorsports? Anyone work for Sports car manufacturer or any kind of racing team??? Assistant: Thought you meant F-1 Visa.
Human: If you could choose between doing a co-op in china or japan, which would you choose and why? Assistant: Japan. China's full of sketchy, rude people. japanese culture is 10000x better. There's a reason you dont see a lot of Japanese immigrants in America. Everyone comes here to study, and moves back to l...
Human: If you could choose between doing a co-op in china or japan, which would you choose and why? Assistant: Based on news of engineers being held in China without bail for over a year, I'd stay the hell out of that country. http://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-us-scientist-trapped-china-075057518.html
Human: Question regarding the prevalence of coveralls in the industry, and their pain points. Hello everyone! I'm an apparel design student, developing a project that aims to improve workwear - placing specific focus on the coverall (jumpsuit), as it pertains to the Engineering space. I am led to believe that curren...
Human: Question regarding the prevalence of coveralls in the industry, and their pain points. Hello everyone! I'm an apparel design student, developing a project that aims to improve workwear - placing specific focus on the coverall (jumpsuit), as it pertains to the Engineering space. I am led to believe that curren...
Human: Calling all engineers: "Sell" me your job! I feel that in this subreddit, we often see people contemplating if a career in engineering is right for them. As a change of pace, I want to try and change that (if only for a few hours). I'd like to request **YOU** to "sell" me your current position. What makes your...
Human: Calling all engineers: "Sell" me your job! I feel that in this subreddit, we often see people contemplating if a career in engineering is right for them. As a change of pace, I want to try and change that (if only for a few hours). I'd like to request **YOU** to "sell" me your current position. What makes your...
Human: Why are rockets preferred to giant cannons in sending vehicles into space? Assistant: They are not always preferable. I have a plan to launch all politicians into space using canons.
Human: Why are rockets preferred to giant cannons in sending vehicles into space? Assistant: Gas guns can work, but it's a matter of the delta V. Guns tend to expend MOST of their energy very quickly; the projectile has a VERY high G-force thrust upon it. This can be counteracted, but the barrel length must be VE...
Human: How useful is Latex for engineers in industry? How useful is latex for practicing engineers in industry (rather than academia)? I submitted a fairly long report and I needed to format it to follow the formatting guidelines. MS Word was horrible in doing that which ended up in my submitting something not as goo...
Human: How useful is Latex for engineers in industry? How useful is latex for practicing engineers in industry (rather than academia)? I submitted a fairly long report and I needed to format it to follow the formatting guidelines. MS Word was horrible in doing that which ended up in my submitting something not as goo...
Human: Need help understanding Tube/pipe scheduling (need thinest wall possible) I am trying to order 0.75in (19mm) OD tube with the thinest wall thickness reasonably available. I found 0.028" on grainger. I would like to know if there are charts available showing OD and WALL. I want the thinest i can find, maybe 0.0...
Human: Need help understanding Tube/pipe scheduling (need thinest wall possible) I am trying to order 0.75in (19mm) OD tube with the thinest wall thickness reasonably available. I found 0.028" on grainger. I would like to know if there are charts available showing OD and WALL. I want the thinest i can find, maybe 0.0...
Human: Improving Heat Transfer Between Iron and Aluminum (Internal Combustion Engine) Hey Engineers! I've always enjoyed engineering, probably should have went to school for it (Did CS instead). I enjoy working on my vehicles, specifically improving reliability\durability\performance\efficiency. When I take on a pro...
Human: Improving Heat Transfer Between Iron and Aluminum (Internal Combustion Engine) Hey Engineers! I've always enjoyed engineering, probably should have went to school for it (Did CS instead). I enjoy working on my vehicles, specifically improving reliability\durability\performance\efficiency. When I take on a pro...
Human: What is the nature of knowledge that Lockheed (for eg.) has about manufacturing military aircraft (for eg.) that no one else can replicate? As an engineer-by-degree but not-even-close by training (a product India is famous for producing), I was fascinated to learn about how it requires decades of in-house know...
Human: What is the nature of knowledge that Lockheed (for eg.) has about manufacturing military aircraft (for eg.) that no one else can replicate? As an engineer-by-degree but not-even-close by training (a product India is famous for producing), I was fascinated to learn about how it requires decades of in-house know...
Human: If I wanted to focus on robotics, would an Electrical Engineering degree be the best path to head down? Assistant: IMO, for undergrad, it depends on what kind of system on a robot you want to work on: To build the chassis and how the mechanical pieces fit together, mechanical engineering. To build the power...
Human: If I wanted to focus on robotics, would an Electrical Engineering degree be the best path to head down? Assistant: What school are you looking at? In my school robotics was part of the EE department. But's it's an in-between thing. Look for the professors that specialize in robotics, and see what departmen...
Human: When did you start studying for the PE? How rigorous? I recently passed the FE and I'll be graduating soon. Of course I'm not going to start studying now, but just wanted a ballpark figure of when others started, how much they studied, and how much it helped. I passed FE Civil and will most likely be taking th...
Human: When did you start studying for the PE? How rigorous? I recently passed the FE and I'll be graduating soon. Of course I'm not going to start studying now, but just wanted a ballpark figure of when others started, how much they studied, and how much it helped. I passed FE Civil and will most likely be taking th...
Human: Circuit Schematics (Software Question) I am studying mechatronics and starting to do my own projects where I am compiling them into a portfolio. One of the things I am doing is drawing up my own circuit schematics, and was wondering what options are out there? There is a popular engineering channel, where ...
Human: Circuit Schematics (Software Question) I am studying mechatronics and starting to do my own projects where I am compiling them into a portfolio. One of the things I am doing is drawing up my own circuit schematics, and was wondering what options are out there? There is a popular engineering channel, where ...
Human: How much would a water tank Increase in temperature if painted black? I work on a site with steel water tanks ranging from 30-60 m^3 (~8,000-16,000 gallons). We want a cheap and easy way to warm up the water, so we want to paint the tanks flat black. I need to show how much that’ll increase the water temperatu...
Human: How much would a water tank Increase in temperature if painted black? I work on a site with steel water tanks ranging from 30-60 m^3 (~8,000-16,000 gallons). We want a cheap and easy way to warm up the water, so we want to paint the tanks flat black. I need to show how much that’ll increase the water temperatu...
Human: Do the mods/answerers/askers of questions of this subreddit realise how important they are to armchair historians and those who wish to get better at what they "study?" You folks are genuinely amazing; I just want you to know this. In the last three or so years I have learnt a lot in big part due to this subre...
Human: Do the mods/answerers/askers of questions of this subreddit realise how important they are to armchair historians and those who wish to get better at what they "study?" You folks are genuinely amazing; I just want you to know this. In the last three or so years I have learnt a lot in big part due to this subre...
Human: Can someone explain why this sub was temporarily banned today? What made some dumbass admin decide to terminate an active sub with 1.3 million users? Assistant: Just commenting so in can tell my grandkids I once commented on /r/AskHistorians and it's wasn't deleted
Human: Can someone explain why this sub was temporarily banned today? What made some dumbass admin decide to terminate an active sub with 1.3 million users? Assistant: This is machine learning in action, the machines are learning. Source: I'm a professor in skynetology.
Human: Can the mods flair posts when the question has an acceptable answer? Don't know if this metapost is allowed. But I think flair would be popular. It's so depressing to click on a great question with a lot of responses to see them all deleted and no answer. Assistant: Honestly what annoys me most about seeing a...
Human: Can the mods flair posts when the question has an acceptable answer? Don't know if this metapost is allowed. But I think flair would be popular. It's so depressing to click on a great question with a lot of responses to see them all deleted and no answer. Assistant: It’s really depressing to see a question th...
Human: [Meta] Does marketing questions as "GREAT QUESTION" subtlety bias which questions get answered? Does it make people feel uncomfortable because a question not marked can be implied as a average/below average question? I'm curious to see what everyone's thoughts are on this. Assistant: I do not believe the GQ f...
Human: [Meta] Does marketing questions as "GREAT QUESTION" subtlety bias which questions get answered? Does it make people feel uncomfortable because a question not marked can be implied as a average/below average question? I'm curious to see what everyone's thoughts are on this. Assistant: What is this question eve...
Human: AMA: I'm Garrett Ryan, author of NAKED STATUES, FAT GLADIATORS, AND WAR ELEPHANTS: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT THE ANCIENT GREEKS AND ROMANS. Ask me anything about my book! Hi everyone! I'm Dr. Garrett Ryan, AKA u/toldinstone. I'm a Roman historian, and I recently released my first popular book: Naked Sta...
Human: AMA: I'm Garrett Ryan, author of NAKED STATUES, FAT GLADIATORS, AND WAR ELEPHANTS: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT THE ANCIENT GREEKS AND ROMANS. Ask me anything about my book! Hi everyone! I'm Dr. Garrett Ryan, AKA u/toldinstone. I'm a Roman historian, and I recently released my first popular book: Naked Sta...
Human: Congratulations to the Winners of the /r/AskHistorians 'Best of 2016'! With the polls now closed, I am pleased to announce the winners of our 'Best of 2016' Contest here on /r/AskHistorians. Taking First Place is /u/sunagainstgold, who answered /u/LukeInTheSkyWith's question "Would a crew of a ship departing ...
Human: Congratulations to the Winners of the /r/AskHistorians 'Best of 2016'! With the polls now closed, I am pleased to announce the winners of our 'Best of 2016' Contest here on /r/AskHistorians. Taking First Place is /u/sunagainstgold, who answered /u/LukeInTheSkyWith's question "Would a crew of a ship departing ...
Human: When was the last 'successful' annexation? Am I right in thinking it was India annexing Goa in 1961? By successful I mean UN recognized, and that it still lasts today Assistant: Would the Chinese annexation of Tibet count?
Human: When was the last 'successful' annexation? Am I right in thinking it was India annexing Goa in 1961? By successful I mean UN recognized, and that it still lasts today Assistant: Annexation of West Papua by Indonesia?
Human: Meta]100k users, Eternal September, Rules, Moderators, and a million other things. We are quickly approaching 100k users. This will make us one of the 125 largest subreddits on this site. This is going to present a few new challenges for us. Here they are with their answer. **1) Default status.** Askhist...
Human: Meta]100k users, Eternal September, Rules, Moderators, and a million other things. We are quickly approaching 100k users. This will make us one of the 125 largest subreddits on this site. This is going to present a few new challenges for us. Here they are with their answer. **1) Default status.** Askhist...
Human: What's the history of askhistorians - who founded it, who grew it, what were the key decisions that made this sub far different than all others and what were the major challenges overcome in growing to 500k users? Assistant: AskHistorians was the "subreddit of the day" 5 years ago. Here's an brief interview w...
Human: What's the history of askhistorians - who founded it, who grew it, what were the key decisions that made this sub far different than all others and what were the major challenges overcome in growing to 500k users? Assistant: Hi folks, Please stop reporting this as a thread that breaks our "20 Year Rule." Ye...
Human: How did people with terrible vision live their lives before the invention of prescription glasses? Assistant: Many consider the Medieval Islamic Empire to be one of the first societies to make serious inroads into opthamology. *The Alteration of the Eye* by Yuhanna ibn Masawaiyh (777-857) is the earliest text...
Human: How did people with terrible vision live their lives before the invention of prescription glasses? Assistant: In lieu of other input, I'll link to times this question has been asked previously: http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/health#wiki_eyesight.2C_glasses.2C_and_contact_lenses
Human: How did people cope with sunburn before the time of sunscreen? I can't imagine having to work day after day outside without the aid of a full tube of sunscreen, how did (or didn't) they handle it before such a thing existed? Were there natural alternatives (e.g. fruit extracts), or was it just really popular t...
Human: How did people cope with sunburn before the time of sunscreen? I can't imagine having to work day after day outside without the aid of a full tube of sunscreen, how did (or didn't) they handle it before such a thing existed? Were there natural alternatives (e.g. fruit extracts), or was it just really popular t...
Human: Christopher Columbus' real name was Cristobal Colon. What other famous historical figures names have been anglicized or changed and what are their real names? Assistant: That's the spanish version of his name, and what his spanish patrons called him. As Columbus was from Genoa (north Italy), he would have be...
Human: Christopher Columbus' real name was Cristobal Colon. What other famous historical figures names have been anglicized or changed and what are their real names? Assistant: Every German who is called "Charles" in English is "Karl" in German. "Charlemagne" is "Karl der Große" (*Karl the Great*) in German and "Ca...
Human: I am Marcus Tullius Cicero, Father of the Roman Republic. Honored as father by Caesar the Younger, and adversary to Mark Antony, some have named me 'Rome's Greatest Statesman.' AMA! Assistant: Could you please give us a few phrases in Etruscan?. A few linguists REALLY need them
Human: I am Marcus Tullius Cicero, Father of the Roman Republic. Honored as father by Caesar the Younger, and adversary to Mark Antony, some have named me 'Rome's Greatest Statesman.' AMA! Assistant: What did you think of your portrayal in HBO's Rome?
Human: I've often heard it said that for most of history, China lead the world in science and development. How true is this? I always thought of the Roman Empire and Greece as being the most advanced, culturally, scientifically, and militarily, in the world at their peaks, but I've heard people say that China was in ...
Human: I've often heard it said that for most of history, China lead the world in science and development. How true is this? I always thought of the Roman Empire and Greece as being the most advanced, culturally, scientifically, and militarily, in the world at their peaks, but I've heard people say that China was in ...
Human: Before the holocaust was well known, how were the Allies planning to deal with the Nazi leadership after WW2? Many of them were executed for their actions, but these trials usually related to holocaust related activities (at least that I am familiar with). Assistant: The primary charges at Nuremberg were "cri...
Human: Before the holocaust was well known, how were the Allies planning to deal with the Nazi leadership after WW2? Many of them were executed for their actions, but these trials usually related to holocaust related activities (at least that I am familiar with). Assistant: I have often wondered what the plans were ...
Human: Announcing the Best of November Award Winners The votes are in! Winning the top spot for this month with the unianimous acclaim of both the Flair and User votes is the always deserving /u/itsallfolklore for their response to the question "Were brothels and prostitution as ubiquitous in the American West as is...
Human: Announcing the Best of November Award Winners The votes are in! Winning the top spot for this month with the unianimous acclaim of both the Flair and User votes is the always deserving /u/itsallfolklore for their response to the question "Were brothels and prostitution as ubiquitous in the American West as is...
Human: Hwæt! We have new Moderators! Hearken to me readers and contributors of AskHistorians for I bring you tidings! Today we, the AskHistorians moderators, your ~~benevolent dictators~~ friends, accept new members into our exalted ranks of comment removers and behind the scenes drudgers! In the high hallowed hall...
Human: Hwæt! We have new Moderators! Hearken to me readers and contributors of AskHistorians for I bring you tidings! Today we, the AskHistorians moderators, your ~~benevolent dictators~~ friends, accept new members into our exalted ranks of comment removers and behind the scenes drudgers! In the high hallowed hall...
Human: We are AskHistorians flairs of the Viking Age! Ask us anything about Assassin's Creed: Valhalla! Hwæt, /r/AskHistorians we are a team of flaired users who all specialize in different aspects of the Viking Age! With the recent release of the latest Assassin's Creed game, set in the period of Viking raids on En...
Human: We are AskHistorians flairs of the Viking Age! Ask us anything about Assassin's Creed: Valhalla! Hwæt, /r/AskHistorians we are a team of flaired users who all specialize in different aspects of the Viking Age! With the recent release of the latest Assassin's Creed game, set in the period of Viking raids on En...
Human: Let us flip the script, what work has helped your field or you admire because of how historically accurate it is? As someone who has both studied and loved post World War II German history I think the film *The Baader Meinhof Complex* is an excellent piece of cinema that shows how history should be told in a f...
Human: Let us flip the script, what work has helped your field or you admire because of how historically accurate it is? As someone who has both studied and loved post World War II German history I think the film *The Baader Meinhof Complex* is an excellent piece of cinema that shows how history should be told in a f...
Human: So we've heard the question asked many times about English. But what about other languages? How far back could you go and still be able to communicate in, say, French? Or any other language. I realize that no one's going to be able to give an answer for every language spoken ever, but I'd be really interested ...
Human: So we've heard the question asked many times about English. But what about other languages? How far back could you go and still be able to communicate in, say, French? Or any other language. I realize that no one's going to be able to give an answer for every language spoken ever, but I'd be really interested ...
Human: Through various history classes, I have learned a good deal about the history of all the major civilizations - But I have a hard time of figuring out where all the events and historical people are in relation to one another: What is a good timeline resource? Assistant: I cannot be the only one who is mildly ...
Human: Through various history classes, I have learned a good deal about the history of all the major civilizations - But I have a hard time of figuring out where all the events and historical people are in relation to one another: What is a good timeline resource? Assistant: European History Interactive Map http:...
Human: It is widely thought that the West Germans had it much better than their easterly counterparts. Was there any upside to living in East Germany? Did they have anything the West Germans did not? Assistant: Pensions, especially for ladies. (West) Germany's minimum guaranteed pension is one of the lowest in the ...
Human: It is widely thought that the West Germans had it much better than their easterly counterparts. Was there any upside to living in East Germany? Did they have anything the West Germans did not? Assistant: Related to this question - was there less income inequality in East Germany than West Germany (either by G...
Human: Did pre-modern societies (so, let's say before 1400) have any speculative fiction? It seems such hallmark of modern literature to write about time travel, future dys/utopias, parallel universes, etc. Is there any kind of equivalent prior to the modern era? Assistant: Here's one great example from 10th centur...
Human: Did pre-modern societies (so, let's say before 1400) have any speculative fiction? It seems such hallmark of modern literature to write about time travel, future dys/utopias, parallel universes, etc. Is there any kind of equivalent prior to the modern era? Assistant: My training is in Philosophy, and not his...
Human: How common was it for battles/sieges to be determined by single combat between two opposing champions? Assistant: Reverse question: How common was it for battles/sieges to not be determined in this fashion? By which I mean how often was single combat fought in this fashion, only for the losing side to decide ...
Human: How common was it for battles/sieges to be determined by single combat between two opposing champions? Assistant: This question has come up before. Not discouraging discussion, but the answers are worth reading. http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1f46ls/at_the_beginning_of_the_film_troy_a_battle_...
Human: Floating Feature: What is your favorite *accuracy-be-damned* work of historical fiction? *Now and then, we like to host 'Floating Features', periodic threads intended to allow for more open discussion that allows a multitude of possible answers from people of all sorts of backgrounds and levels of expertise.* ...
Human: Floating Feature: What is your favorite *accuracy-be-damned* work of historical fiction? *Now and then, we like to host 'Floating Features', periodic threads intended to allow for more open discussion that allows a multitude of possible answers from people of all sorts of backgrounds and levels of expertise.* ...
Human: Why did the United States become a superpower in the new world, and so many other states did not? It sounds like a simple question, but when you consider that the US started off as a tiny east coast sliver of land (like Chile is now) that expanded across the continent, while countries such as Argentina and Br...
Human: Why did the United States become a superpower in the new world, and so many other states did not? It sounds like a simple question, but when you consider that the US started off as a tiny east coast sliver of land (like Chile is now) that expanded across the continent, while countries such as Argentina and Br...