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An Atomic Multi-Tag Taxonomy for Fine-Grained Diagnosis of Scene Text Recognition Models
Atomic multi-tag annotations for K-STR-Bench and Union14M. One text crop can carry several tags, so a scene text recognition model can be diagnosed by the type of failure. Images are stored once. Tags are columns in the CSV. image_path is relative to the folder that contains the CSV.
Myounghun Han, Jin-Hyuk Hong · WACV 2027
Accepted to WACV 2027. The proceedings link is not available yet. This release is hoonisone/AtomicTags.
Data Sources
K-STR-Bench. A challenge-aware benchmark for Korean scene text recognition. GitHub | Hugging Face. The split here is K_STR_Bench, from GIST_Signboard and KAIST_Corrected. AIHub_Standardized is part of K-STR-Bench and is not included. The K-STR-Bench release includes every crop and the columns is_only_korean and is_illegible for filtering. This release is already filtered: text.v1.0.csv and the image folders contain only crops where is_only_korean is true and is_illegible is false.
Union14M. A scene text recognition dataset collected from 14 public datasets (Jiang et al., ICCV 2023). GitHub. Union14M-L and Union14M-Benchmark are released from that repository. The splits here are Union14M_Benchmark and Union14M_General. Each CSV and its image folder already contain only the crops in this release. Tag columns in these tables are separate from the original Union14M annotations.
Image folders are stored as text_images.tar. The CSV files stay beside those archives. Extracting an archive recreates a text_images folder next to it. This release does not include the inclusive and exclusive label files.
K_STR_Bench/
├── text.v1.0.csv
├── GIST_Signboard/text_images.tar
└── KAIST_Corrected/text_images.tar
Union14M_Benchmark/
├── text.v1.0.csv
└── text_images.tar
Union14M_General/
├── text_v.1.0.csv
└── text_images.tar
How to use
Download this dataset, then extract each text_images.tar. The CSV files are already unpacked. image_path is relative to the folder that contains the CSV. Create the inclusive and exclusive label files from the CSV with the code on GitHub.
git clone https://github.com/hoonisone/AtomicTags.git
cd AtomicTags
pip install -U huggingface_hub
hf download hoonisone/AtomicTags --repo-type dataset --local-dir data
tar -xf data/K_STR_Bench/GIST_Signboard/text_images.tar -C data/K_STR_Bench/GIST_Signboard
tar -xf data/K_STR_Bench/KAIST_Corrected/text_images.tar -C data/K_STR_Bench/KAIST_Corrected
tar -xf data/Union14M_Benchmark/text_images.tar -C data/Union14M_Benchmark
tar -xf data/Union14M_General/text_images.tar -C data/Union14M_General
python prepare.py --dataset-dir data --pipeline make_tag_labels
labels/inclusive/stylized.txt
0/gist_7_4.jpg 이글
0/gist_7_5.jpg 피플
labels/inclusive/stylized.jsonl
{"filename":"0/gist_7_4.jpg","text":"이글","width":87,"height":74}
{"filename":"0/gist_7_5.jpg","text":"피플","width":104,"height":202}
labels/exclusive/stylized.txt and labels/exclusive/stylized.jsonl use the same two formats.
License
Source code is under the MIT License. That license does not cover the images or the annotations.
These files do not share one license. Union14M-General and Union14M-Benchmark are not separate licenses. An image keeps the license of the Union14M dataset it came from. Names and terms below follow the Union14M source table. Unknown means that table does not state a license.
| Source | Subset | License / terms |
|---|---|---|
| K-STR-Bench | GIST_Signboard | CC BY 4.0 |
| K-STR-Bench | KAIST_Corrected | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
| K-STR-Bench | AIHub_Standardized | Not included. Not redistributed; AIHub Terms of Use |
| Union14M | KAIST | CC BY-SA 3.0 |
| Union14M | NEOCR | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 |
| Union14M | Uber-Text | Unknown |
| Union14M | RCTW | Unknown |
| Union14M | IIIT-ILST | CC BY 4.0 |
| Union14M | MTWI | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
| Union14M | COCOTextV2 | CC BY 4.0 |
| Union14M | LSVT | Unknown |
| Union14M | MLT19 | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
| Union14M | ReCTS | Unknown |
| Union14M | ArT | Unknown |
| Union14M | IntelOCR | Apache License 2.0 |
| Union14M | TextOCR | CC BY 4.0 |
| Union14M | HierText | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
Statistics
Inclusive counts crops where that tag is true, including crops with other true tags. Exclusive counts crops whose only true tag is that tag. K-STR-Bench has no rotated tag.
| Tag | K-STR-Bench | Union14M-General | Union14M-Benchmark | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inclusive | Exclusive | Inclusive | Exclusive | Inclusive | Exclusive | |
| Crops | 20,086 | 9,994 | 7,888 | |||
| Stylized | 2,273 | 925 | 791 | 171 | 1,727 | 311 |
| Inconsistent size | 602 | 94 | 253 | 25 | 599 | 19 |
| Incomplete | 767 | 258 | 844 | 133 | 759 | 82 |
| Low visibility | 1,352 | 598 | 6,984 | 4,743 | 307 | 25 |
| Noisy | 2,844 | 1,541 | 696 | 109 | 1,540 | 143 |
| Distracted | 3,019 | 644 | 880 | 31 | 3,733 | 127 |
| Perspective distortion | 3,268 | 945 | 1,231 | 33 | 676 | 4 |
| Non-single-line | 118 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Non-straight | 479 | 79 | 155 | 6 | 2,731 | 203 |
| Rotated | — | 2,127 | 214 | 4,928 | 536 | |
| True tags on a crop | K-STR-Bench | Union14M-General | Union14M-Benchmark |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 10,941 | 1,389 | 745 |
| 1 | 5,118 | 5,465 | 1,450 |
| 2 | 2,814 | 1,685 | 2,671 |
| 3 | 942 | 852 | 2,100 |
| 4 | 216 | 467 | 738 |
| 5 | 46 | 115 | 156 |
| 6 | 7 | 20 | 21 |
| 7 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Citation
If you use these annotations, please cite:
@inproceedings{atomicmultitag2027,
title = {An Atomic Multi-Tag Taxonomy for Fine-Grained Diagnosis of Scene Text Recognition Models},
author = {Han, Myounghun and Hong, Jin-Hyuk},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)},
year = {2027}
}
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