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#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { long long n; cin >> n; long long a[n], b[n]; long long s1 = 0, s2 = 0; for (long long i = 0; i < n; i++) { cin >> a[i]; s1 = s1 + a[i]; } for (long long i = 0; i < n; i++) { cin >> b[i]; s2 = s2 + b[i]; } if (s2 <= s1) cout << "Yes"; else cout << "No\n"; return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int main(void) { int n; long z1 = 0, z2 = 0; int i, t; scanf("%d", &n); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &t); z1 += t; } for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &t); z2 += t; } if (z1 >= z2) printf("Yes"); else printf("No"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int n, a, b, x; int main() { scanf("%d", &n); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { scanf("%d", &x); a += x; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { scanf("%d", &x); b += x; } if (a < b) puts("No"); else puts("Yes"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f; const long long LL_INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const int maxn = 100 + 10; const long long mod = 1e9 + 7; int x[maxn], y[maxn]; int main() { int n, sum1 = 0, sum2 = 0; scanf("%d", &n); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { scanf("%d", &x[i]); sum1 += x[i]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { scanf("%d", &y[i]); sum2 += y[i]; } if (sum1 >= sum2) { printf("Yes\n"); } else printf("No\n"); }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int mod = 1e9 + 7; const int MAXN = 1e5 + 10; int main() { int n, k; int sum1 = 0, sum2 = 0; scanf("%d", &n); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { scanf("%d", &k); sum1 += k; } for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { scanf("%d", &k); sum2 += k; } if (sum1 >= sum2) printf("Yes\n"); else printf("No\n"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long M = 1e9 + 7; double pi = acos(-1.0); long long powerm(long long x, long long y) { long long res = 1; while (y) { if (y & 1) res = (res * x) % M; y = y >> 1; x = (x * x) % M; } return res % M; } long long power(long long x, long long y) { long long res = 1; while (y) { if (y & 1) res = (res * x); y = y >> 1; x = (x * x); } return res; } long long gcd(long long a, long long b) { if (b > a) return gcd(b, a); if (b == 0) return a; return gcd(b, a % b); } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(NULL); int n; cin >> n; int sm = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int p; cin >> p; sm += p; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int p; cin >> p; sm -= p; } if (sm >= 0) cout << "Yes"; else cout << "No"; return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int main() { int i, n, x = 0, y = 0, k; scanf("%d", &n); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &k); x += k; } for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &k); y += k; } if (x < y) printf("No\n"); else printf("Yes\n"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int n; int main() { cin >> n; int sum1 = 0, sum2 = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int val; cin >> val; sum1 += val; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int val; cin >> val; sum2 += val; } if (sum1 < sum2) { cout << "No" << '\n'; } else { cout << "Yes" << '\n'; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int n, s1 = 0, s2 = 0; int x[51], y[51]; int main() { cin >> n; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { cin >> x[i]; s1 += x[i]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { cin >> y[i]; s2 += y[i]; } if (s1 >= s2) cout << "Yes\n"; else cout << "No\n"; return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int N, sum = 0; int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout << fixed << setprecision(2); cin >> N; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { int x; cin >> x; sum += x; } for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { int x; cin >> x; sum -= x; } if (sum >= 0) cout << "Yes\n"; else cout << "No\n"; return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const unsigned long long mod = 1e9 + 7; const unsigned long long inf = 1e15; const int N = 300005; void solve() { int n; cin >> n; int sum1 = 0; int sum2 = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int x; cin >> x; sum1 += x; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int x; cin >> x; sum2 += x; } string ans = "Yes"; if (sum1 < sum2) ans = "No"; cout << ans; } int32_t main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); int t = 1; while (t--) { solve(); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int INF = 1000000000; const int MAX = 4007; const int MAX2 = 1000000; const int MAXD = 20; const int BASE = 1000000007; const int MOD = 1000000007; const int psz = 2000006; int chToIn(char a) { int b; b = a - '0'; return b; } int stToIn(string a) { int b; b = atoi(a.c_str()); return b; } string appendChar(string s, char a) { s.append(1, a); return s; } int gcd(int a, int b) { return (b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b)); } int lcm(int a, int b) { return (a * (b / gcd(a, b))); } string rev(string a) { int siz = (int)a.size(); string res = ""; for (int i = (siz)-1; i >= (0); --i) { res += a[i]; } return res; } int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { int n; cin >> n; vector<int> a, b; int suma = 0, sumb = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int num; cin >> num; a.push_back(num); suma += num; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int num; cin >> num; b.push_back(num); sumb += num; } if (sumb > suma) puts("No"); else puts("Yes"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(NULL); int n; cin >> n; int ar[n], ar1[n]; int s = 0, s1 = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { cin >> ar[i]; s += ar[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { cin >> ar1[i]; s1 += ar1[i]; } if (s >= s1) cout << "Yes"; else cout << "No"; return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int main() { int n; scanf("%d", &n); int sumX = 0, sumY = 0; int a; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &a); sumX += a; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &a); sumY += a; } if (sumY > sumX) printf("NO"); else printf("YES"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; struct pat { int x, y; pat(int x = 0, int y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {} bool operator<(const pat &p) const { return x == p.x ? y < p.y : x < p.x; } }; namespace RKK { const int N = 100011; int n, qaq; char str[N]; int s[N]; int nxt[N][26], pre[N][26]; int f[N][26], g[N]; int mp[27]; int dfs(int l, int r, int c, int tp) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~mp[c]) return mp[c]; int mex[50] = {0}; for (int i = 0, pl, pr; i < 26; i++) { pl = nxt[l - 1][i], pr = pre[r + 1][i]; if (pr < l) continue; int t = g[pl] ^ g[pr]; t ^= tp ? f[pl - 1][c] : dfs(l, pl - 1, i, 0); t ^= tp ? dfs(pr + 1, r, i, 1) : f[r][i]; mex[t] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) if (!mex[i]) return mp[c] = i; return -1; } int main() { scanf("%s", str + 1), n = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] = str[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) pre[1][i] = 0; for (int i = 2; i <= n + 1; i++) memcpy(pre[i], pre[i - 1], 26 * 4), pre[i][s[i - 1]] = i - 1; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) nxt[n][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n - 1; ~i; i--) memcpy(nxt[i], nxt[i + 1], 26 * 4), nxt[i][s[i + 1]] = i + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { g[i] = g[pre[i][s[i]]] ^ f[i - 1][s[i]]; memset(mp, 0xff, sizeof(mp)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) f[i][j] = dfs(pre[i + 1][j] + 1, i, j, 1); } scanf("%d", &qaq); for (int rkk = 1, l, r; rkk <= qaq; rkk++) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); memset(mp, 0xff, sizeof(mp)); puts(dfs(l, r, 26, 0) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; } } // namespace RKK int main() { return RKK::main(); }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int pr[30][100010], su[30][100010], ho[30][100010], qi[30][100010], qu[100010], q, l, x, y; string s; int que(int l, int r); int quepr(int x, int y) { if (pr[y][x] == -1) pr[y][x] = que(qi[y][x], x); return pr[y][x]; } int quesu(int x, int y) { if (su[y][x] == -1) su[y][x] = que(x, ho[y][x]); return su[y][x]; } int que1(int x, int y) { if (qu[x] == -1) { qu[x] = que1(qi[y][x], y) ^ quepr(x, y); } return qu[x]; } int que(int l, int r) { int p = 0; for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) { if (ho[i][l] >= r) continue; p = p | (1 << (quepr(r, i) ^ quesu(l, i) ^ que1(ho[i][l], i) ^ que1(qi[i][r], i))); } for (int i = 0; i <= 27; i++) if ((p & (1 << i)) == 0) return i; } int main() { cin >> s; int l = s.length(); for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) { int la = 0; for (int j = 0; j <= l + 1; j++) { qi[i][j] = la; if (s[j - 1] - 'a' + 1 == i || (j == l + 1 && i == 0)) la = j; } } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) { int la = l + 1; for (int j = l + 1; j >= 0; j--) { ho[i][j] = la; if (s[j - 1] - 'a' + 1 == i || (j == 0 && i == 0)) la = j; } } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) for (int j = 0; j <= l + 1; j++) pr[i][j] = su[i][j] = -1; for (int i = 1; i <= l; i++) qu[i] = -1; cin >> q; while (q--) { cin >> x >> y; if (que(x - 1, y + 1)) cout << "Alice" << endl; else cout << "Bob" << endl; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 5, U = 26; char s[N]; int n, ap[2][N][U], dp[2][N][U], pre_sum[N]; int q[U]; int F(int l, int r) { if (l == 0 && r == 4) int yyx = 1; int s = 0; for (int c = 0; c <= U - 1; ++c) if (ap[1][r - 1][c] > l) s |= 1 << (dp[0][l][c] ^ dp[1][r][c] ^ pre_sum[ap[1][r - 1][c]] ^ pre_sum[ap[0][l + 1][c]]); int i = 0; while (s & (1 << i)) ++i; return i; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) s[i] -= 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j <= U - 1; ++j) ap[1][i][j] = ap[1][i - 1][j]; ap[1][i][s[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j <= U - 1; ++j) ap[0][n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { for (int j = 0; j <= U - 1; ++j) ap[0][i][j] = ap[0][i + 1][j]; ap[0][i][s[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j <= U - 1; ++j) q[j] = ap[1][i - 1][j]; sort(q, q + U); int tail = U - 1; if (i <= n) { int i0 = ap[1][i - 1][s[i]]; for (int j = i - 1; j >= i0; --j) { dp[0][j][s[i]] = F(j, i); if (j && j == q[tail]) { dp[1][i][s[j]] = dp[0][j][s[i]]; --tail; } } pre_sum[i] = pre_sum[i0] ^ dp[0][i0][s[i]]; } for (; tail >= 0; --tail) { int j = q[tail]; if (!j) break; dp[1][i][s[j]] = F(j, i); } } int m; cin >> m; while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); puts(F(l - 1, r + 1) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long qpow(long long x, long long k, long long mod) { long long ret = 1; while (k) { if (k & 1) { ret = ret * x; ret = ret % mod; } x = x * x; x = x % mod; k = (k >> 1); } return ret; } const int Maxn = 1e5 + 5; char s[Maxn]; int n; int pre[Maxn][26], nxt[Maxn][26]; int sum[Maxn], lsum[Maxn][26], rsum[Maxn][26]; bool flag[26]; int grundy(int l, int r) { memset(flag, false, sizeof(flag)); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int p1 = nxt[l][i], p2 = pre[r][i]; if (p1 > p2) continue; int val = (rsum[l][i] ^ sum[p2] ^ sum[p1] ^ lsum[r][i]); flag[val] = true; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!flag[i]) return i; return 26; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] -= 'a'; s[0] = s[n + 1] = -1; vector<pair<int, int> > seg; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[0][j] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pre[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : pre[i - 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, -pre[i][j] - 1)); } } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(nxt[i][j] - 1, -i)); } } sort((seg).begin(), (seg).end()); seg.resize(unique((seg).begin(), (seg).end()) - seg.begin()); for (auto v : seg) { int l = -v.second, r = v.first; int x = grundy(l, r); if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) { sum[r + 1] = (sum[l - 1] ^ x); } if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && pre[r][s[l - 1]] == l - 1) { lsum[r][s[l - 1]] = x; } if (s[r + 1] >= 0 && nxt[l][s[r + 1]] == r + 1) { rsum[l][s[r + 1]] = x; } } int q; scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (grundy(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 100, D = 26; char s[N]; int pr[N][D], nt[N][D], pref[N][D], suf[N][D], sum[N]; bool used[D + 1]; int calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; fill(used, used + D + 1, 0); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int x = nt[l][i], y = pr[r][i]; if (x <= r) { used[sum[y] ^ sum[x] ^ suf[l][i] ^ pref[r][i]] = 1; } } int t = 0; while (used[t]) t++; return t; } int main() { scanf(" %s", s); int n = strlen(s); for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) s[i] = s[i - 1] - 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < D; j++) { pr[i][j] = pr[i - 1][j]; } pr[i][s[i]] = i; } fill(nt[n + 1], nt[n + 1] + D, n + 1); for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < D; j++) { nt[i][j] = nt[i + 1][j]; } nt[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { sum[i] = sum[pr[i - 1][s[i]]] ^ pref[i - 1][s[i]]; for (int j = i - 1; j > pr[i - 1][s[i]]; j--) { suf[j][s[i]] = calc(j, i - 1); } vector<pair<int, int>> v; for (int j = 0; j < D; j++) { if (pr[i][j] != i) v.push_back({pr[i][j] + 1, j}); } sort(v.rbegin(), v.rend()); for (auto p : v) { pref[i][p.second] = calc(p.first, i); } } int m; scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); printf("%s\n", calc(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 1e5 + 14, z = 26; enum CacheType { No, L, R }; int n, nxt[z][maxn]; string s; vector<int> where[z], pxor[z]; struct Grundy { int seen; Grundy() : seen(0) {} void add(int i) { seen |= 1 << i; } int get() { return __builtin_ctz(~seen); } }; struct Cacher { vector<int> save[2][maxn]; int ask(int l, int r) { if (save[0][l].size() > r - l && save[0][l][r - l] != -1) return save[0][l][r - l]; if (save[1][r].size() > r - l && save[1][r][r - l] != -1) return save[1][r][r - l]; return -1; } void cache(int l, int r, CacheType c, int ans) { if (c == No) return; if (c == L) { while (save[0][l].size() <= r - l) save[0][l].push_back(-1); save[0][l][r - l] = ans; } else { while (save[1][r].size() <= r - l) save[1][r].push_back(-1); save[1][r][r - l] = ans; } } } cacher; int solve(int l, int r, CacheType c = No) { if (l == r) return 0; if (cacher.ask(l, r) != -1) return cacher.ask(l, r); Grundy g; for (char c = 0; c < z; c++) { int s = nxt[c][l]; int e = nxt[c][r]; if (s != e) g.add(solve(l, where[c][s], R) ^ pxor[c][s] ^ pxor[c][e - 1] ^ solve(where[c][e - 1] + 1, r, L)); } cacher.cache(l, r, c, g.get()); return g.get(); } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0); cin >> s; n = s.size(); for (int c = 0; c < z; c++) for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) nxt[c][i] = (s[i - 1] == c + 'a') + nxt[c][i - 1]; fill(pxor, pxor + z, vector<int>(1)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (where[s[i] - 'a'].size()) pxor[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(pxor[s[i] - 'a'].back() ^ solve(where[s[i] - 'a'].back() + 1, i, L)); where[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); } int m; cin >> m; while (m--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; l--; cout << (solve(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob") << '\n'; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; string S; const int MAX = 100000; int lnext[26][MAX], rnext[26][MAX]; vector<int> pos[26], xoracc[26]; int pos2num[MAX]; int gl[26][MAX], gr[26][MAX]; set<int> uses; vector<int> use; int rec(int l, int r, int lt, int rt, bool pre) { if (lt >= 0 && gl[lt][l] >= 0) return gl[lt][l]; if (rt >= 0 && gr[rt][r] >= 0) return gr[rt][r]; bitset<27> grundys = 0; for (auto i : use) { int l2 = rnext[i][l], r2 = lnext[i][r]; if (l2 > r2) continue; int ln = pos2num[l2], rn = pos2num[r2]; int g = 0; if (l < l2) g ^= rec(l, l2 - 1, i, -1, pre); if (pre) { for (int j = ln; j < rn; j++) g ^= rec(pos[i][j] + 1, pos[i][j + 1] - 1, i, i, pre); } else { g ^= xoracc[i][rn] ^ xoracc[i][ln]; } if (r > r2) g ^= rec(r2 + 1, r, -1, i, pre); if (g < 27) grundys[g] = 1; } int ret = 0; while (grundys[ret]) ret++; if (lt >= 0) gl[lt][l] = ret; if (rt >= 0) gr[rt][r] = ret; return ret; } int main() { long long i, j, k; cin >> S; int N = S.size(); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) uses.insert(S[i] - 'a'); for (auto i : uses) { use.push_back(i); for (j = 0; j < N; j++) { gl[i][j] = -1; gr[i][j] = -1; } } for (auto i : use) { int pt = -1, num = 0; for (j = 0; j < N; j++) { if (S[j] - 'a' == i) { pos[i].push_back(j); pos2num[j] = num++; pt = j; } lnext[i][j] = pt; } pt = N; for (j = N - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (S[j] - 'a' == i) pt = j; rnext[i][j] = pt; } } for (auto i : use) { xoracc[i].push_back(0); for (j = 0; j < pos[i].size() - 1; j++) { int g = rec(pos[i][j] + 1, pos[i][j + 1] - 1, i, i, true); xoracc[i].push_back(xoracc[i].back() ^ g); } } int M; cin >> M; for (i = 0; i < M; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); int grundy = rec(l - 1, r - 1, -1, -1, false); cout << (grundy ? "Alice" : "Bob") << endl; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 1e5 + 10, mod = 1e9 + 7; const long long inf = 1e18; vector<int> fnd; vector<int> Aft[maxn], Bef[maxn]; int pre[maxn][26], nxt[maxn][26]; bool is[26], in[27]; struct Fenwick { int arr[maxn]; Fenwick() { memset(arr, 0, sizeof arr); } void Add(int ind, int x) { ind += 3; while (ind < maxn) { arr[ind] ^= x; ind += ind & -ind; } } int Ask(int ind) { ind += 3; int ans = 0; while (ind > 0) { ans ^= arr[ind]; ind -= ind & -ind; } return ans; } }; Fenwick fen[26]; inline int Ask(int l, int r, int c) { int ps = pre[r][c]; assert(ps >= 0); int ans = fen[c].Ask(ps - 1) ^ fen[c].Ask(l - 1); if (ps < r) ans ^= Aft[ps][r - ps - 1]; ps = nxt[l][c]; assert(ps <= r); if (l < ps) ans ^= Bef[ps][ps - l - 1]; return ans; } void Unique(string &s) { string str = ""; for (int i = 0; i < int((s).size()); i++) { if (str == "" || str.back() != s[i]) str.push_back(s[i]), fnd.push_back(i); } s = str; } void Find(int &l, int &r) { l = upper_bound(fnd.begin(), fnd.end(), l) - fnd.begin() - 1; r = upper_bound(fnd.begin(), fnd.end(), r) - fnd.begin() - 1; } int Mex() { for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) if (in[i] == 0) return i; assert(0); } bool CMP(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { if (a.second - a.first == b.second - b.first) return a < b; return a.second - a.first < b.second - b.first; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); string s; cin >> s; Unique(s); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) pre[0][i] = -1, nxt[int((s).size()) - 1][i] = int((s).size()); pre[0][s[0] - 'a'] = 0; nxt[int((s).size()) - 1][s.back() - 'a'] = int((s).size()) - 1; for (int i = 1; i < int((s).size()); i++) for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = (s[i] - 'a' == j ? i : pre[i - 1][j]); for (int i = int((s).size()) - 2; i >= 0; i--) for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[i][j] = (s[i] - 'a' == j ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]); vector<pair<int, int> > tdo; for (int l = 0; l < int((s).size()); l++) { for (int r = l + 1; r < int((s).size()) && s[l] != s[r]; r++) { tdo.push_back({l + 1, r}); } } for (int r = 0; r < int((s).size()); r++) { for (int l = r - 1; l >= 0 && s[l] != s[r]; l--) { tdo.push_back({l, r - 1}); } } sort(tdo.begin(), tdo.end(), CMP); tdo.resize(unique(tdo.begin(), tdo.end()) - tdo.begin()); for (pair<int, int> p : tdo) { memset(is, 0, sizeof is); memset(in, 0, sizeof in); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int ps = pre[p.second][i]; if (ps < p.first) continue; in[Ask(p.first, p.second, i)] = is[i] = 1; } int num = Mex(); bool bl1 = (p.first != 0 && !is[s[p.first - 1] - 'a']), bl2 = (p.second != int((s).size()) - 1 && !is[s[p.second + 1] - 'a']); if (bl1) Aft[p.first - 1].push_back(num); if (bl2) Bef[p.second + 1].push_back(num); if (bl1 && bl2 && s[p.first - 1] == s[p.second + 1]) fen[s[p.first - 1] - 'a'].Add(p.first - 1, num); } int m; cin >> m; while (m--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; --l, --r; Find(l, r); memset(in, 0, sizeof in); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int ps = pre[r][i]; if (ps < l) continue; in[Ask(l, r, i)] = 1; } if (in[0]) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; template <typename T> inline T read() { T f = 0, x = 0; char c = getchar(); while (!isdigit(c)) f = c == '-', c = getchar(); while (isdigit(c)) x = x * 10 + c - 48, c = getchar(); return f ? -x : x; } namespace run { const int N = 1e5 + 9, lim = 27; char s[N]; int n, m, pre[N][lim], suf[N][lim], preans[N][lim], sufans[N][lim], top; pair<int, int> st[lim + 1]; vector<int> pos[lim]; int sum[N], vis[258]; int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1), n = strlen(s + 1) + 1, s[0] = s[n] = 'z' + 1, m = read<int>(); for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) { pos[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (pos[j].size()) suf[i][j] = pos[j][pos[j].size() - 1]; } for (int i = 0; i < lim; i++) pos[i].clear(); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { pos[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (pos[j].size()) pre[i][j] = pos[j][pos[j].size() - 1]; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { top = 0; for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (suf[i][j]) st[++top] = pair<int, int>(suf[i][j], j); sort(st + 1, st + top + 1); if (suf[i + 1][s[i] - 'a'] && suf[i + 1][s[i] - 'a'] < n) { sum[i] = preans[i + 1][s[i] - 'a']; sum[i] ^= sum[suf[i + 1][s[i] - 'a']]; } for (int j = 1; j <= top; j++) { int col = st[j].second, pos = st[j].first; for (int k = 0; k < lim; k++) vis[k] = 0; for (int k = 1; k < j; k++) { int tmp = st[k].second, res = preans[i][tmp] ^ sum[suf[i][tmp]] ^ sum[pre[pos][tmp]]; if (pre[pos][tmp]) res ^= preans[pre[pos][tmp] + 1][col]; vis[res]++; } while (vis[preans[i][col]]) preans[i][col]++; } for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (!suf[i][j]) preans[i][j] = preans[i][lim - 1]; } for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { top = 0; for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (pre[i][j] || j == lim - 1) st[++top] = pair<int, int>(pre[i][j], j); sort(st + 1, st + top + 1), reverse(st + 1, st + top + 1); for (int j = 1; j <= top; j++) { int col = st[j].second, pos = st[j].first; for (int k = 0; k < lim; k++) vis[k] = 0; for (int k = 1; k < j; k++) { int tmp = st[k].second, res = sufans[i][tmp] ^ sum[pre[i][tmp]] ^ sum[suf[pos][tmp]]; if (suf[pos][tmp] - 1 < n) res ^= sufans[suf[pos][tmp] - 1][col]; vis[res]++; } while (vis[sufans[i][col]]) sufans[i][col]++; } for (int j = 0; j < lim; j++) if (!pre[i][j]) sufans[i][j] = sufans[i][lim - 1]; } for (int t = 1; t <= m; t++) { int l = read<int>(), r = read<int>(); for (int k = 0; k < lim + 1; k++) vis[k] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < lim; i++) { if (suf[l][i] && suf[l][i] <= r) { int res = preans[l][i] ^ sum[suf[l][i]] ^ sum[pre[r][i]]; if (pre[r][i]) res ^= sufans[r][i]; vis[res]++; } } int ret = 0; while (vis[ret]) ret++; if (ret) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; } } // namespace run int main() { return run::main(); }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char s[109999]; int n; vector<int> ap[26], qz[26]; pair<pair<int, int>, pair<int, int> > qs[5800999]; int qn = 0; bool cmp(pair<pair<int, int>, pair<int, int> > a, pair<pair<int, int>, pair<int, int> > b) { if (a.first.second != b.first.second) return a.first.second < b.first.second; return a.first.first > b.first.first; } int nx[109999][26], pv[100099][26], ps[109999], ts[109999], tl[26][109999], tr[26][109999]; int gans(pair<int, int> t) { if (t.first > t.second) return 0; int u = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { int b = pv[t.second][i]; if (ap[i][b] < t.first) continue; int a = nx[t.first][i]; u |= 1 << (tl[i][t.first] ^ tr[i][t.second] ^ qz[i][b - 1] ^ qz[i][a - 1]); } int g = 0; while (u & (1 << g)) ++g; return g; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) ap[i].push_back(0); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) ps[i] = ap[s[i] - 'a'].size(), ap[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pv[i][j] = pv[i - 1][j]; pv[i][s[i] - 'a'] = ps[i]; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nx[n + 1][j] = 1e9; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nx[i][j] = nx[i + 1][j]; nx[i][s[i] - 'a'] = ps[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { qz[i].push_back(0); for (int j = 1; j + 1u < ap[i].size(); ++j) qs[++qn] = make_pair(pair<int, int>(ap[i][j] + 1, ap[i][j + 1] - 1), pair<int, int>(i, j)); for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) { int u = pv[j][i]; if (u) qs[++qn] = make_pair(pair<int, int>(ap[i][u] + 1, j), pair<int, int>(-j, i * 2)); } for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) { int u = nx[j][i]; if (u <= n) qs[++qn] = make_pair(pair<int, int>(j, ap[i][u] - 1), pair<int, int>(-j, i * 2 + 1)); } } sort(qs + 1, qs + 1 + qn, cmp); for (int i = 1; i <= qn; ++i) { int w = gans(qs[i].first), u = qs[i].second.first; if (u >= 0) qz[u].push_back(qz[u].back() ^ w); else { if (qs[i].second.second & 1) tl[qs[i].second.second >> 1][-u] = w; else tr[qs[i].second.second >> 1][-u] = w; } } int T, l, r; scanf("%d", &T); while (T--) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (gans(pair<int, int>(l, r))) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 7, M = 30; unordered_map<int, int> e[N]; char s[N]; int n, q, k, z[M], f[M][N], w[M][N], p1[M][N], p2[M][N]; inline int solve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; bool fl[M]; if (e[l].count(r)) return e[l][r]; memset(fl, 0, sizeof(fl)); for (int x = 1; x <= 26; x++) if (p1[x][r] >= l) { int a = p2[x][l], b = p1[x][r]; fl[w[x][b] ^ w[x][a] ^ f[x][l] ^ solve(b + 1, r)] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) if (!fl[i]) return e[l][r] = i; } inline bool cmp(int a, int b) { return p2[a][k] < p2[b][k]; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1), n = strlen(s + 1); int l, r; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] = s[i] - 'a' + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int x = 1; x <= 26; x++) p1[x][i] = p1[x][i - 1]; p1[s[i]][i] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int x = 1; x <= 26; x++) p2[x][i] = p2[x][i + 1]; p2[s[i]][i] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 1; j <= 26; j++) w[j][i] = w[j][i + 1], z[j] = j; k = i; sort(z + 1, z + 27, cmp); for (int j = 1; j <= 26; j++) { int x = z[j]; if (i < p2[x][i] && p2[x][i] <= n) f[x][i] = solve(i, p2[x][i] - 1); if (p2[x][i] == i) w[x][i] ^= f[x][i + 1]; } } cin >> q; while (q--) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (solve(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 5; char c[N]; int pre[N][27], suf[N][27], pf[N][27], sf[N][27], n; bool jip[N][27], jis[N][27], ji[N][27]; inline int read() { char c = getchar(); int x = 0, f = 1; while (!isdigit(c)) { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar(); } while (isdigit(c)) { x = (x << 3) + (x << 1) + c - '0'; c = getchar(); } return x * f; } inline int solve(int, int, int); inline int xhz(int l, int r, int i, int dep) { if (jis[l][i]) return sf[l][i]; sf[l][i] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); jis[l][i] = 1; return sf[l][i]; } inline int xqz(int l, int r, int i, int dep) { if (jip[r][i]) return pf[r][i]; pf[r][i] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); jip[r][i] = 1; return pf[r][i]; } inline int solve(int l, int r, int dep) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l == r) return 1; memset(ji[dep], 0, sizeof(ji[dep])); for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) { int zuo = suf[l][i], you = pre[r][i]; if (zuo > r || you < l) continue; if (you >= zuo) { int hu = pf[you][i] ^ pf[zuo][i]; if (zuo != l) hu ^= xhz(l, zuo - 1, i, dep); if (you != r) hu ^= xqz(you + 1, r, i, dep); ji[dep][hu] = 1; } } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) if (ji[dep][i] == 0) return i; } int main() { scanf("%s", c + 1); n = strlen(c + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][c[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][c[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (pre[i - 1][c[i] - 'a']) { int hu = c[i] - 'a'; if (pre[i - 1][hu] + 1 > i - 1) pf[i][hu] = pf[pre[i - 1][hu]][hu]; else pf[i][hu] = pf[i - 1][hu] ^ pf[pre[i - 1][hu]][hu]; jip[i][hu] = 1; } for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) { if (pre[i][j] == 0 || jip[i][j] == 1) continue; if (pre[i][j] != i) pf[i][j] = solve(pre[i][j] + 1, i, 0); jip[i][j] = 1; } } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { if (suf[i + 1][c[i] - 'a'] != n + 1) { int hu = c[i] - 'a'; if (suf[i + 1][hu] - 1 < i + 1) sf[i][hu] = sf[suf[i + 1][hu]][hu]; else sf[i][hu] = sf[i + 1][hu] ^ sf[suf[i + 1][hu]][hu]; jis[i][hu] = 1; } for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) { if (suf[i][j] == n + 1 || jis[i][j] == 1) continue; if (suf[i][j] != i) sf[i][j] = solve(i, suf[i][j] - 1, 0); jis[i][j] = 1; } } int q = read(); for (int i = 1, x, y; i <= q; i++) { x = read(); y = read(); if (solve(x, y, 0)) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; template <class TH> void _dbg(const char *sdbg, TH h) { cerr << sdbg << " = " << h << endl; } template <class TH, class... TA> void _dbg(const char *sdbg, TH h, TA... a) { while (*sdbg != ',') cerr << *sdbg++; cerr << " = " << h << ", "; _dbg(sdbg + 1, a...); } const int maxn = (1e5) + 7; const int alf = 26; const int inf = (1e9) + 7; const long long LLinf = (1e18) + 7; const long double eps = 1e-9; const long long mod = 1e9 + 7; int lewo[maxn][alf]; int prawo[maxn][alf]; int tab[maxn]; int dpl[maxn][alf]; int dpp[maxn][alf]; int prelicz(int l, int p) { int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) { int cnt = 0; int le = prawo[l][i]; int pr = lewo[p][i]; if (le > p) continue; int cur = le; while (cur != pr) { cur = prawo[cur + 1][i]; cnt ^= tab[cur]; } if (l < le) { if (dpl[l][i] == -1) dpl[l][i] = prelicz(l, le - 1); cnt ^= dpl[l][i]; } if (pr < p) { if (dpp[p][i] == -1) dpp[p][i] = prelicz(pr + 1, p); cnt ^= dpp[p][i]; }; if (cnt < alf) mask |= (1 << cnt); } for (int i = 0; i <= alf; i++) if (((1 << i) & mask) == 0) return i; assert(0); } int licz(int l, int p) { int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) { int le = prawo[l][i]; int pr = lewo[p][i]; if (le > p) continue; int cnt = tab[le] ^ tab[pr]; if (l < le) { if (dpl[l][i] == -1) dpl[l][i] = licz(l, le - 1); cnt ^= dpl[l][i]; } if (pr < p) { if (dpp[p][i] == -1) dpp[p][i] = licz(pr + 1, p); cnt ^= dpp[p][i]; } if (cnt < alf) mask |= (1 << cnt); } for (int i = 0; i <= alf; i++) if (((1 << i) & mask) == 0) return i; assert(0); } bool por(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { return a.second - a.first < b.second - b.first; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); string s; cin >> s; int n = ((int)(s).size()); for (int i = 0; i <= n + 2; i++) for (int j = 0; j < alf; j++) dpl[i][j] = dpp[i][j] = -1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < alf; j++) lewo[i][j] = lewo[i - 1][j]; lewo[i][s[i - 1] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) prawo[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < alf; j++) prawo[i][j] = prawo[i + 1][j]; if (i > 0) prawo[i][s[i - 1] - 'a'] = i; } vector<pair<int, int> > V; for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) { int cur = prawo[1][i]; while (cur < n && prawo[cur + 1][i] < n + 1) { V.push_back({cur, prawo[cur + 1][i]}); cur = prawo[cur + 1][i]; } } sort(V.begin(), V.end(), por); for (auto v : V) if (v.first + 2 <= v.second) { int cnt = prelicz(v.first + 1, v.second - 1); ; tab[v.second] ^= cnt; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int le = lewo[i - 1][s[i - 1] - 'a']; if (le > 0) tab[i] ^= tab[le]; } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, p; cin >> l >> p; int xd = licz(l, p); if (xd != 0) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int N, Q, pre[100002][26], suc[100002][26], a[100002], LM[100002][26], RM[100002][26]; char _in[100002]; int f[100002], dis[100002]; int p[100002], L; void F(int x) { if (f[x] == x) return; F(f[x]); dis[x] ^= dis[f[x]]; f[x] = f[f[x]]; } void connect(int u, int w) { int v = suc[u + 1][a[u]]; f[v] = u; dis[v] = w; } int ans(int l, int r, int remember) { if (l == r - 1) return 0; if (remember == -1 && LM[l][a[r]] != -1) return LM[l][a[r]]; if (remember == 1 && RM[r][a[l]] != -1) return RM[r][a[l]]; bool v[32]; for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) v[i] = false; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (suc[l + 1][i] < r) { int first = suc[l + 1][i], last = pre[r - 1][i]; F(first); F(last); v[ans(l, first, -1) ^ dis[first] ^ dis[last] ^ ans(last, r, 1)] = true; } int ans = 0; while (v[ans]) ans++; if (remember == -1) LM[l][a[r]] = ans; if (remember == 1) RM[r][a[l]] = ans; return ans; } int main() { scanf("%s", _in + 1); while (_in[N + 1]) N++; for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { std::copy(pre[i - 1], pre[i - 1] + 26, pre[i]); pre[i][a[i] = _in[i] - 'a'] = i; } std::fill(suc[N + 1], suc[N + 1] + 26, N + 1); for (int i = N; i; i--) { std::copy(suc[i + 1], suc[i + 1] + 26, suc[i]); suc[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) if (suc[i + 1][a[i]] != N + 1) p[++L] = i; std::sort(p + 1, p + L + 1, [](int x, int y) { return suc[x + 1][a[x]] - x < suc[y + 1][a[y]] - y; }); for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { f[i] = i; dis[i] = 0; } for (int i = 0; i <= N + 1; i++) { std::fill(LM[i], LM[i] + 26, -1); std::fill(RM[i], RM[i] + 26, -1); } for (int i = 1; i <= L; i++) connect(p[i], ans(p[i], suc[p[i] + 1][a[p[i]]], 0)); for (scanf("%d", &Q); Q--;) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); puts(ans(l - 1, r + 1, 0) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; inline char gc() { static char buf[100000], *p1 = buf, *p2 = buf; return p1 == p2 && (p2 = (p1 = buf) + fread(buf, 1, 100000, stdin), p1 == p2) ? EOF : *p1++; } inline long long read() { long long x = 0; char ch = getchar(); bool positive = 1; for (; !isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) if (ch == '-') positive = 0; for (; isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) x = x * 10 + ch - '0'; return positive ? x : -x; } inline void write(long long a) { if (a < 0) { a = -a; putchar('-'); } if (a >= 10) write(a / 10); putchar('0' + a % 10); } inline void writeln(long long a) { write(a); puts(""); } inline void wri(long long a) { write(a); putchar(' '); } inline unsigned long long rnd() { return ((unsigned long long)rand() << 30 ^ rand()) << 4 | rand() % 4; } const int N = 100005; int n, ti, tong[N], sum[N], f[N][26], g[N][26], l[N][26], r[N][26]; vector<int> s[26]; vector<int> v[N]; map<int, int> M[N]; char ch[N]; int solve(int L, int R) { if (L > R) return 0; if (M[L].count(R)) return M[L][R]; ti++; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (r[L][i] <= R) { tong[f[L][i] ^ g[R][i] ^ sum[l[R][i]] ^ sum[r[L][i]]] = ti; } for (int i = 0;; i++) if (tong[i] != ti) return M[L][R] = i; } signed main() { scanf("%s", ch + 1); n = strlen(ch + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) ch[i] -= 'a'; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) s[i].push_back(0); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[ch[i]].push_back(i); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) s[i].push_back(n + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) l[i][j] = l[i - 1][j]; l[i][ch[i]] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) r[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) r[i][j] = r[i + 1][j]; r[i][ch[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) if (ch[i] != j) { v[i].push_back(l[i][j] + 1); v[r[i][j] - 1].push_back(i); } } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) for (unsigned j = 1; j < s[i].size(); j++) v[s[i][j] - 1].push_back(s[i][j - 1] + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { sort(v[i].begin(), v[i].end()); v[i].resize(unique(v[i].begin(), v[i].end()) - v[i].begin()); reverse(v[i].begin(), v[i].end()); for (auto j : v[i]) { solve(j, i); for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) if (l[i][k] + 1 == j) g[i][k] = solve(j, i); if (r[j][ch[i + 1]] == i + 1) f[j][ch[i + 1]] = solve(j, i); } sum[i + 1] = sum[l[i][ch[i + 1]]] ^ solve(l[i][ch[i + 1]] + 1, i); } int m = read(); while (m--) { int L = read(), R = read(); puts(solve(L, R) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; constexpr long long pw(long long a, long long b, long long mod) { return (!b ? 1 : b & 1 ? a * pw(a * a % mod, b / 2, mod) % mod : pw(a * a % mod, b / 2, mod)); } constexpr long long N = 1e5 + 10; constexpr long long MOD = 1e9 + 7; constexpr long long INF = 1e18; constexpr long long SIG = 26; int n, q, A[N]; int nxt[N][SIG], prv[N][SIG]; int bcw[N][SIG], frw[N][SIG], ps[N]; bitset<2 * SIG> mark; string s; vector<int> ord; void remove(vector<int> &v, int x) { for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) if ((*it) == x) { v.erase(it); return; } } inline void initord() { ord.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < SIG; i++) { ord.push_back(i); } } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); cin >> s >> q; n = s.size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { A[i + 1] = (s[i] - 'a'); } for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++) { copy(prv[i - 1], prv[i - 1] + SIG, prv[i]); prv[i][A[i]] = i; } fill(nxt[n + 1], nxt[n + 1] + SIG, n + 1); for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) { copy(nxt[i + 1], nxt[i + 1] + SIG, nxt[i]); nxt[i][A[i]] = i; } initord(); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { remove(ord, A[i]); ord.push_back(A[i]); ps[i] = bcw[i - 1][A[i]] ^ ps[prv[i - 1][A[i]]]; for (int j = SIG - 1; j >= 0; j--) { int c = ord[j], l = prv[i][c]; mark.reset(); for (int k = SIG - 1; k > j; k--) { int ct = ord[k]; if (prv[i][ct] <= l) continue; int f = nxt[l][ct]; int val = bcw[f - 1][c] ^ ps[prv[i][ct]] ^ ps[f] ^ bcw[i][ct]; mark[val] = true; } for (int k = 0;; k++) if (!mark[k]) { bcw[i][c] = k; break; } } } initord(); for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) { remove(ord, A[i]); ord.push_back(A[i]); for (int j = SIG - 1; j >= 0; j--) { int c = ord[j], r = nxt[i][c]; mark.reset(); for (int k = SIG - 1; k > j; k--) { int ct = ord[k]; if (nxt[i][ct] >= r) continue; int val = frw[i][ct] ^ ps[prv[r][ct]] ^ ps[nxt[i][ct]] ^ bcw[r - 1][ct]; mark[val] = true; } for (int k = 0;; k++) if (!mark[k]) { frw[i][c] = k; break; } } } while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; mark.reset(); for (int c = 0; c < SIG; c++) if (nxt[l][c] <= r) { int val = frw[l][c] ^ ps[prv[r][c]] ^ ps[nxt[l][c]] ^ bcw[r][c]; mark[val] = true; } cout << (mark[0] ? "Alice" : "Bob") << '\n'; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int Imx = 2147483647; const long long Lbig = 2e18; const int mod = 1e9 + 7; struct fastio { char s[100000]; int it, len; fastio() { it = len = 0; } inline char get() { if (it < len) return s[it++]; it = 0; len = fread(s, 1, 100000, stdin); if (len == 0) return EOF; else return s[it++]; } bool notend() { char c = get(); while (c == ' ' || c == '\n') c = get(); if (it > 0) it--; return c != EOF; } } _buff; inline long long getnum() { long long r = 0; bool ng = 0; char c; c = _buff.get(); while (c != '-' && (c < '0' || c > '9')) c = _buff.get(); if (c == '-') ng = 1, c = _buff.get(); while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') r = r * 10 + c - '0', c = _buff.get(); return ng ? -r : r; } template <class T> inline void putnum(T x) { if (x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x; register short a[20] = {}, sz = 0; while (x) a[sz++] = x % 10, x /= 10; if (sz == 0) putchar('0'); for (int i = sz - 1; i >= 0; i--) putchar('0' + a[i]); } inline char getreal() { char c = _buff.get(); while (c <= 32) c = _buff.get(); return c; } long long qpow(long long x, long long k) { return k == 0 ? 1 : 1ll * qpow(1ll * x * x % mod, k >> 1) * (k & 1 ? x : 1) % mod; } const int maxn = 100111; const int maxa = 27; char s[maxn]; int n, q; int go[maxn][maxa], rgo[maxn][maxa]; int dp[2][maxn][maxa], dps[2][maxn][maxa]; void solve(int dp[maxn][maxa], int dps[maxn][maxa]) { for (int i = 0; i < maxa; i++) go[n + 1][i] = n + 1, rgo[0][i] = 0; for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < maxa; j++) { if (s[i] == 'a' + j) go[i][j] = i; else go[i][j] = go[i + 1][j]; } } for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < maxa; j++) { if (s[i] == 'a' + j) rgo[i][j] = i; else rgo[i][j] = rgo[i - 1][j]; } } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { vector<pair<int, int> > v; for (int j = 0; j < maxa; j++) v.push_back(make_pair(go[i][j], j)); sort(v.begin(), v.end()); for (int t = 0; t < maxa; t++) { int j = v[t].second; int r = go[i][j] - 1; bool f[32] = {}; dp[i][j] = dps[i][j] = 0; for (int k = 0; k < maxa; k++) { if (go[i][k] > r) continue; int p = rgo[r][k]; int cur = dps[i][k] ^ dps[p][k] ^ dp[p + 1][j]; f[cur] = 1; } while (f[dp[i][j]]) dp[i][j]++; dps[i][j] = dp[i][j] ^ (go[i][j] + 1 <= n ? dps[go[i][j] + 1][j] : 0); } } } int query(int l, int r) { bool f[32] = {}; for (int i = 0; i < maxa; i++) { if (go[l][i] > r) continue; int p = rgo[r][i]; int cur = dps[0][l][i] ^ dps[0][p][i] ^ dp[1][n - r + 1][i]; f[cur] = 1; } int ret = 0; while (f[ret]) ret++; return ret; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); s[0] = s[n + 1] = 'a' + maxa - 1; reverse(s + 1, s + n + 1); solve(dp[1], dps[1]); reverse(s + 1, s + n + 1); solve(dp[0], dps[0]); scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (query(l, r) > 0) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using std::cout; const char endl = '\n'; const int nmax = 100050; template <class T> inline std::ostream &operator<(std::ostream &out, const T &t) { return out << t; } inline int read() { char c = getchar(); while (c < '0' || c > '9') c = getchar(); int ret = 0; while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ret = ret * 10 + c - '0'; c = getchar(); } return ret; } int n; char a[nmax]; int pre[nmax][26], suf[nmax][26]; int f[nmax][26], g[nmax], cache[27]; int calc(int l, int r, int c, bool right) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~cache[c]) return cache[c]; int ret = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { const int ll = suf[l][j], rr = pre[r][j]; if (rr < l) continue; int pos = g[ll] ^ g[rr]; if (right) pos ^= calc(l, ll - 1, j, 1) ^ f[r][j]; else pos ^= f[ll - 1][c] ^ calc(rr + 1, r, j, 0); ret |= 1 << pos; } return cache[c] = __builtin_ctz(~ret); } inline void init() { for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { memcpy(pre[i], pre[i - 1], sizeof(pre[0])); pre[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i; --i) { memcpy(suf[i], suf[i + 1], sizeof(suf[0])); suf[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { g[i] = f[i - 1][a[i]] ^ g[pre[i - 1][a[i]]]; memset(cache, -1, sizeof(cache)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) f[i][j] = calc(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } } int main() { char c = getchar(); while (isspace(c)) c = getchar(); while (!isspace(c)) { a[++n] = c - 'a'; c = getchar(); } init(); for (int m = read(); m; --m) { const int l = read(), r = read(); memset(cache, -1, sizeof(cache)); if (calc(l, r, 26, 1)) cout < "Alice\n"; else cout < "Bob\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MAXN = 101000; const int MAXM = 101000; const int CH = 26; int N, M, s[MAXN]; char sraw[MAXN]; int L[MAXN][CH], R[MAXN][CH]; int pfx[MAXN][CH], sfx[MAXN][CH], psm[MAXN]; void initLR() { for (int i = 0; i < CH; i++) L[0][i] = 0, L[N][i] = N; for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) L[i][j] = L[i - 1][j]; L[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < CH; i++) R[N][i] = N, R[0][i] = 0; for (int i = N - 1; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) R[i][j] = R[i + 1][j]; R[i][s[i]] = i; } } void initPFX() { int o[CH], t; bool u[CH + 1]; psm[0] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < CH; i++) pfx[0][i] = 0; for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) { psm[i] = psm[L[i - 1][s[i]]] xor pfx[i - 1][s[i]]; for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + CH, [&](const int& a, const int& b) { return L[i][a] > L[i][b]; }); for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) { for (int k = 0; k <= CH; k++) u[k] = false; for (int k = 0; k < j; k++) { if (L[i][o[k]] == 0) continue; assert(L[i][o[j]] < L[i][o[k]]); if ((t = pfx[R[L[i - 1][o[j]]][o[k]] - 1][o[j]] xor psm[L[i][o[k]]] xor psm[R[L[i - 1][o[j]] + 1][o[k]]] xor pfx[i][o[k]]) < CH) u[t] = true; } int ans = 0; while (u[ans]) ans++; pfx[i][o[j]] = ans; } } } void initSFX() { int o[CH], t; bool u[CH + 1]; for (int i = 0; i < CH; i++) sfx[N][i] = 0; for (int i = N - 1; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + CH, [&](const int& a, const int& b) { return R[i][a] < R[i][b]; }); for (int j = 0; j < CH; j++) { for (int k = 0; k <= CH; k++) u[k] = false; for (int k = 0; k < j; k++) { if (R[i][o[k]] == N) continue; assert(R[i][o[k]] < R[i][o[j]]); if ((t = sfx[i][o[k]] xor psm[L[R[i + 1][o[j]] - 1][o[k]]] xor psm[R[i][o[k]]] xor sfx[L[R[i + 1][o[j]]][o[k]] + 1][o[j]]) < CH) u[t] = true; } int ans = 0; while (u[ans]) ans++; sfx[i][o[j]] = ans; } } } int main() { scanf(" %s", sraw); s[0] = -1; for (N = 1; sraw[N - 1] != '\0'; N++) { assert(N < MAXN - 10); s[N] = static_cast<int>(sraw[N - 1]) - 97; } s[N] = -1; initLR(); initPFX(); initSFX(); scanf("%d", &M); int t; for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) { int a, b; scanf("%d%d", &a, &b); assert(1 <= a and a <= b and b < N); bool u = false; for (int c = 0; c < CH; c++) { if (R[a][c] > b) continue; t = sfx[a][c] xor psm[L[b][c]] xor psm[R[a][c]] xor pfx[b][c]; if (!t) u = true; } if (u) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MAXN = 100005, mod = 19260817; char str[MAXN]; int n, m; int chl[26][MAXN], chr[26][MAXN]; int T[26]; struct node { long long to; int key; int next; } edge[MAXN * 50]; int head[mod], top = 0; inline long long encode(int L, int R) { return (long long)L * 233333 + R; } void modify(int L, int R, int dt) { long long num = encode(L, R); ++top, edge[top] = (node){num, dt, head[num % mod]}, head[num % mod] = top; } inline int query(int L, int R) { long long num = encode(L, R); for (int i = head[num % mod]; i; i = edge[i].next) { if (edge[i].to == num) return edge[i].key; } return -1; } int block[26][MAXN]; short lg[1048577]; inline short lowbit(long long x) { short cnt = 0; if ((x & (1048575)) == 1048575) cnt += 20, x >>= 20; if ((x & (1048575)) == 1048575) cnt += 20, x >>= 20; return cnt + lg[x]; } int dfs(int L, int R, int flag = 0) { if (L > R) return 0; int t; if ((t = query(L, R)) != -1) return t; long long bit = 0; if (!flag) { for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int cur = L, sg = 0; if (chl[i][cur] > R) continue; while (cur <= R) { int nxt = chl[i][cur]; if (nxt <= R) { sg ^= dfs(cur, nxt - 1, flag); cur = nxt + 1; } else { sg ^= dfs(cur, R, flag); break; } } bit |= 1ll << sg; } } else { for (register int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (chl[i][L] > R) continue; register int opl = chl[i][L], opr = chr[i][R]; register int sg = block[i][opr] ^ block[i][opl] ^ dfs(L, opl - 1, flag) ^ dfs(opr + 1, R, flag); bit |= 1ll << sg; } } for (int j = 0;; j++) if (!(bit >> j & 1)) { modify(L, R, j); return j; } } inline int read() { int a = 0, c; do c = getchar(); while (!isdigit(c)); while (isdigit(c)) { a = a * 10 + c - '0'; c = getchar(); } return a; } void init() { lg[0] = 0; for (int i = 1; i < 1048576; i++) lg[i] = (!(i & 1)) ? 0 : lg[i >> 1] + 1; memset(T, 127 / 3, sizeof T); scanf("%s", str + 1), n = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { T[str[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) chl[j][i] = T[j]; } memset(T, 127 / 3, sizeof T); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { T[str[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) chr[j][i] = T[j]; } dfs(1, n); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int pre = 0; for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) if (str[j] - 'a' == i) { block[i][j] = dfs(pre + 1, j - 1) ^ block[i][pre]; pre = j; } } } void work() { int m, l, r; m = read(); while (m--) { l = read(), r = read(); int flag = dfs(l, r, 1); if (flag) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } } int main() { init(); work(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 1e5 + 14, z = 26; enum CacheType { No, L, R }; int n, nxt[z][maxn]; string s; vector<int> where[z], pxor[z]; struct Grundy { int seen; Grundy() : seen(0) {} void add(int i) { seen |= 1 << i; } int get() { return __builtin_ctz(~seen); } }; struct Cacher { vector<int> save[2][maxn]; int ask(int l, int r) { if (save[0][l].size() > r - l && save[0][l][r - l] != -1) return save[0][l][r - l]; if (save[1][r].size() > r - l && save[1][r][r - l] != -1) return save[1][r][r - l]; return -1; } void cache(int l, int r, CacheType c, int ans) { if (c == No) return; if (c == L) { while (save[0][l].size() <= r - l) save[0][l].push_back(-1); save[0][l][r - l] = ans; } else { while (save[1][r].size() <= r - l) save[1][r].push_back(-1); save[1][r][r - l] = ans; } } } cacher; bool finito; int solve(int l, int r, CacheType c = No) { if (l == r) return 0; if (cacher.ask(l, r) != -1) return cacher.ask(l, r); Grundy g; for (char c = 0; c < z; c++) { int s = nxt[c][l]; int e = nxt[c][r]; if (s != e) g.add(solve(l, where[c][s], R) ^ pxor[c][s] ^ pxor[c][e - 1] ^ solve(where[c][e - 1] + 1, r, L)); } cacher.cache(l, r, c, g.get()); return g.get(); } int query(int l, int r) { Grundy g; for (char c = 0; c < z; c++) { int s = nxt[c][l]; int e = nxt[c][r]; if (s != e) { g.add(solve(l, where[c][s], R) ^ pxor[c][s] ^ pxor[c][e - 1] ^ solve(where[c][e - 1] + 1, r, L)); } } return g.get(); } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0); cin >> s; n = s.size(); for (int c = 0; c < z; c++) { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) nxt[c][i] = (s[i - 1] == c + 'a') + nxt[c][i - 1]; } fill(pxor, pxor + z, vector<int>(1)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (where[s[i] - 'a'].size()) pxor[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(pxor[s[i] - 'a'].back() ^ solve(where[s[i] - 'a'].back() + 1, i, L)); where[s[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); } int m; cin >> m; while (m--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; l--; cout << (solve(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob") << '\n'; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int abc = 26, maxn = 1e5 + 5; string s; int n, q; int pv[abc][maxn], nx[abc][maxn]; int pf[abc][maxn]; int g[maxn]; int mex(int x) { return __builtin_ctz((1 << abc) - 1 - x); } bool querymode = false; int memo[abc + 1]; int query(int l, int r, int lst) { if (r < l) return 0; if (memo[lst] != -1) return memo[lst]; int ans = 0; for (int c = 0; c < abc; c++) { int cl = nx[c][l], cr = pv[c][r]; if (cl > r || cr < l) continue; int x = g[cr] ^ g[cl]; if (querymode) x ^= query(l, cl - 1, c) ^ pf[c][r]; else x ^= pf[lst][cl - 1] ^ query(cr + 1, r, c); ans |= (1 << x); } return memo[lst] = mex(ans); } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cin >> s; n = s.size(); vector<int> v(n + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) v[i] = s[i - 1] - 'a'; for (int j = 0; j < abc; j++) pv[j][0] = 0, nx[j][n + 1] = n + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < abc; j++) pv[j][i] = pv[j][i - 1]; pv[v[i]][i] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < abc; j++) nx[j][i] = nx[j][i + 1]; nx[v[i]][i] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { g[i] = g[pv[v[i]][i - 1]] ^ pf[v[i]][i - 1]; fill(memo, memo + abc + 1, -1); for (int j = 0; j < abc; j++) pf[j][i] = query(pv[j][i] + 1, i, j); } querymode = true; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; fill(memo, memo + abc + 1, -1); if (query(l, r, abc)) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long qpow(long long x, long long k, long long mod) { long long ret = 1; while (k) { if (k & 1) { ret = ret * x; ret = ret % mod; } x = x * x; x = x % mod; k = (k >> 1); } return ret; } const int Maxn = 1e5 + 5; char s[Maxn]; int n; int pre[Maxn][26], nxt[Maxn][26]; int sum[Maxn], lsum[Maxn][26], rsum[Maxn][26]; bool flag[26]; int grundy(int l, int r) { memset(flag, false, sizeof(flag)); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int p1 = nxt[l][i], p2 = pre[r][i]; if (p1 > p2) continue; int val = (rsum[l][i] ^ sum[p2] ^ sum[p1] ^ lsum[r][i]); flag[val] = true; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!flag[i]) return i; return 26; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] -= 'a'; s[0] = s[n + 1] = -1; set<pair<int, int> > seg; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[0][j] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pre[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : pre[i - 1][j]; seg.insert(pair<int, int>(i, -pre[i][j] - 1)); } } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]; seg.insert(pair<int, int>(nxt[i][j] - 1, -i)); } } for (auto v : seg) { int l = -v.second, r = v.first; int x = grundy(l, r); if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) { sum[r + 1] = (sum[l - 1] ^ x); } if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && pre[r][s[l - 1]] == l - 1) { lsum[r][s[l - 1]] = x; } if (s[r + 1] >= 0 && nxt[l][s[r + 1]] == r + 1) { rsum[l][s[r + 1]] = x; } } int q; scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (grundy(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long qpow(long long x, long long k, long long mod) { long long ret = 1; while (k) { if (k & 1) { ret = ret * x; ret = ret % mod; } x = x * x; x = x % mod; k = (k >> 1); } return ret; } const int Maxn = 1e5 + 5; char s[Maxn]; int n; int pre[Maxn][26], nxt[Maxn][26]; int sum[Maxn], lsum[Maxn][26], rsum[Maxn][26]; bool flag[26]; int grundy(int l, int r) { memset(flag, false, sizeof(flag)); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int p1 = nxt[l][i], p2 = pre[r][i]; if (p1 > p2) continue; int val = (rsum[l][i] ^ sum[p2] ^ sum[p1] ^ lsum[r][i]); flag[val] = true; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!flag[i]) return i; return 26; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] -= 'a'; s[0] = s[n + 1] = -1; vector<pair<int, int> > seg; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[0][j] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pre[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : pre[i - 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, -pre[i][j] - 1)); } } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(nxt[i][j] - 1, -i)); } } sort((seg).begin(), (seg).end()); seg.resize(unique((seg).begin(), (seg).end()) - seg.begin()); for (auto v : seg) { int l = -v.second, r = v.first; int x = grundy(l, r); if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && s[r + 1] >= 0 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) { sum[r + 1] = (sum[l - 1] ^ x); } if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && pre[r][s[l - 1]] == l - 1) { lsum[r][s[l - 1]] = x; } if (s[r + 1] >= 0 && nxt[l][s[r + 1]] == r + 1) { rsum[l][s[r + 1]] = x; } } int q; scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (grundy(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; string s; int Q, n, a[100005]; int pprev[100005][26], pnext[100005][26]; int pref[100005]; int dpprev[100005][26], dpnext[100005][26]; int solveRange(int l, int r) { if (l > r) { return 0; } int mex = 0; for (int d = 0; d < 26; d++) { if (pnext[l][d] > r) { continue; } int x = pnext[l][d]; int y = pprev[r][d]; int val = dpnext[l][d] ^ dpprev[r][d] ^ pref[y] ^ pref[x]; if (val < 26) { mex |= (1 << val); } } int ret = 0; while (mex & (1 << ret)) { ret++; } return ret; } int main() { cin >> s; n = s.size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { a[i + 1] = s[i] - 'a'; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pprev[0][j] = 0; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pprev[i][j] = pprev[i - 1][j]; if (a[i] == j) { pprev[i][j] = i; } } } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pnext[n + 1][j] = n + 1; } for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pnext[i][j] = pnext[i + 1][j]; if (a[i] == j) { pnext[i][j] = i; } } } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int p = pprev[i - 1][a[i]]; if (p) { pref[i] = pref[p] ^ dpprev[i - 1][a[i]]; } else { pref[i] = 0; } for (int j = i; j > p; j--) { dpnext[j][a[i]] = solveRange(j, i - 1); } vector<pair<int, int> > lindex; for (int d = 0; d < 26; d++) if (pprev[i][d]) { lindex.push_back(make_pair(i - pprev[i][d], d)); } sort(lindex.begin(), lindex.end()); for (auto it : lindex) { int d = it.second; dpprev[i][d] = solveRange(pprev[i][d] + 1, i); } } scanf("%d", &Q); while (Q--) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); if (solveRange(l, r)) { printf("Alice\n"); } else { printf("Bob\n"); } } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 100005; int f[maxn][26], g[maxn][26], h[maxn][26], pre[maxn][26], suf[maxn][26], n, m; char str[maxn]; pair<int, int> pla[30]; int calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; int t = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int nl = suf[l][i], nr = pre[r][i]; if (nl >= l && nr <= r && nr >= l) t |= 1 << (f[nr][i] ^ f[nl][i] ^ g[l][i] ^ h[r][i]); } return __builtin_ctz(~t); } int main() { scanf("%s", str + 1); n = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { str[i] -= 'a'; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = n; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int c = str[i], l = pre[i - 1][c]; for (int j = i - 1; j > l; j--) g[j][c] = calc(j, i - 1); if (l > 0) f[i][c] = f[l][c] ^ calc(l + 1, i - 1); int cnt = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) if (pre[i][j] && j != c) pla[cnt++] = pair<int, int>(pre[i][j], j); sort(pla, pla + cnt, greater<pair<int, int> >()); for (int j = 0; j < cnt; j++) h[i][pla[j].second] = calc(pre[i][pla[j].second] + 1, i); } scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); int t = calc(l, r); puts(t ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> char str[100005]; std::array<int, 27> next[100005]; std::array<int, 27> prev[100005]; std::array<int, 27> nextgrundy[100005]; std::array<int, 27> prevgrundy[100005]; int prefix[100005]; int N; int query(int L, int R); int getnextgrundy(int i, int c) { return (nextgrundy[i][c] != -1) ? nextgrundy[i][c] : (nextgrundy[i][c] = query(i, next[i][c])); } int getprevgrundy(int i, int c) { return (prevgrundy[i][c] != -1) ? prevgrundy[i][c] : (prevgrundy[i][c] = query(prev[i][c], i)); } int getprefix(int i) { return (prefix[i] != -1) ? prefix[i] : (prefix[i] = getprefix(prev[i][str[i]]) ^ getprevgrundy(i, str[i])); } int query(int L, int R) { unsigned int mask = 0; for (int c = 0; c < 27; c++) { if (next[L][c] >= R) continue; mask |= (1ULL << (getnextgrundy(L, c) ^ getprevgrundy(R, c) ^ getprefix(next[L][c]) ^ getprefix(prev[R][c]))); } for (int k = 0; k < 27; k++) { if ((mask & (1 << k)) == 0) { return k; } } assert(0); } int main() { scanf("%s", str + 1); N = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { str[i] -= 'a'; } str[0] = str[N + 1] = 26; for (int i = 1; i <= N + 1; i++) { prev[i] = prev[i - 1]; prev[i][str[i - 1]] = i - 1; } std::fill(next[N + 1].begin(), next[N + 1].end(), N + 1); for (int i = N; i >= 0; i--) { next[i] = next[i + 1]; next[i][str[i + 1]] = i + 1; } for (int i = 0; i <= N + 1; i++) { nextgrundy[i].fill(-1); prevgrundy[i].fill(-1); } for (int i = 0; i <= N + 1; i++) { prefix[i] = -1; } prefix[0] = 0; int M; scanf("%d", &M); while (M-- > 0) { int L, R; scanf("%d %d", &L, &R); if (query(L - 1, R + 1)) { printf("Alice\n"); } else { printf("Bob\n"); } } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int ne[100010][27], pre[100010][27], f[100010][27], tmp[27], g[100010]; char s[100010]; int calc(int l, int r, int co, int flag) { if (tmp[co] != -1) return tmp[co]; int st = 0, mex = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int ll = ne[l][i], rr = pre[r][i]; if (ll < r) st |= 1 << ((flag ? f[l][i] : calc(l, ll, i, 0)) ^ (g[ll] ^ g[rr]) ^ (flag ? calc(rr + 1, r, i, 1) : f[rr + 1][co])); } while (st >> mex & 1) mex++; tmp[co] = mex; return mex; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); int n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { tmp[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i + 1][j] = tmp[j]; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) ne[n + 1][i] = tmp[i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { tmp[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) ne[i][j] = tmp[j]; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { g[i] = f[i + 1][s[i] - 'a'] ^ g[ne[i + 1][s[i] - 'a']]; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) tmp[j] = -1; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) f[i][j] = calc(i, ne[i][j], j, 0); } int m; scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); for (int j = 0; j <= 26; j++) tmp[j] = -1; if (calc(l, r + 1, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; template <typename T> inline bool chkmin(T &a, const T &b) { return b < a ? a = b, 1 : 0; } template <typename T> inline bool chkmax(T &a, const T &b) { return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0; } const int oo = 0x3f3f3f3f; const int maxn = 100100; int n; int a[maxn + 5]; int pre[maxn + 5][27]; int nxt[maxn + 5][27]; int cnt[27][maxn + 5]; int sg_sum[27][maxn + 5]; int sg_pre[maxn + 5][27]; int sg_suf[maxn + 5][27]; int main() { { static char s[maxn + 5]; scanf("%s", s); n = strlen(s); for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (n); i < i_end_; ++i) a[i] = s[i] - 'a'; } memset(pre, -1, sizeof pre); for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (n); i < i_end_; ++i) { for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) pre[i + 1][j] = pre[i][j]; pre[i + 1][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (26); i < i_end_; ++i) nxt[n][i] = n; for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) { for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; nxt[i][a[i]] = i; } static int lst[27]; memset(lst, -1, sizeof lst); for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (n); i < i_end_; ++i) { for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) { sg_sum[j][i + 1] ^= sg_sum[j][i]; cnt[j][i + 1] += cnt[j][i]; } ++cnt[a[i]][i + 1]; lst[a[i]] = i; int pos[27]; for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) pos[j] = j; sort(pos, pos + 26, [&](int first, int second) { return lst[first] > lst[second]; }); for (int _j = (0), _j_end_ = (26); _j < _j_end_; ++_j) { int j = pos[_j]; if (lst[j] == i) sg_pre[i + 1][j] = 0; else { int from = lst[j] + 1, to = i + 1; bool vis[27] = {0}; for (int k = (0), k_end_ = (26); k < k_end_; ++k) { if (cnt[k][to] - cnt[k][from]) { int tmp = sg_pre[i + 1][k]; tmp ^= sg_sum[k][pre[to][k]] ^ sg_sum[k][nxt[from][k]]; tmp ^= sg_pre[nxt[from][k]][j]; vis[tmp] = 1; } } sg_pre[i + 1][j] = 0; while (vis[sg_pre[i + 1][j]]) ++sg_pre[i + 1][j]; } if (i + 1 == n || j == a[i + 1]) sg_sum[j][i + 1] ^= sg_pre[i + 1][j]; } } for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (26); i < i_end_; ++i) lst[i] = n; for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) { lst[a[i]] = i; int pos[27]; for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) pos[j] = j; sort(pos, pos + 26, [&](int first, int second) { return lst[first] < lst[second]; }); for (int _j = (0), _j_end_ = (26); _j < _j_end_; ++_j) { int j = pos[_j]; if (lst[j] == i) sg_suf[i][j] = 0; else { int from = i, to = lst[j]; bool vis[27] = {0}; for (int k = (0), k_end_ = (26); k < k_end_; ++k) if (cnt[k][to] - cnt[k][from]) { int tmp = sg_suf[i][k]; tmp ^= sg_sum[k][pre[to][k]] ^ sg_sum[k][nxt[from][k]]; tmp ^= sg_suf[pre[to][k] + 1][j]; vis[tmp] = 1; } sg_suf[i][j] = 0; while (vis[sg_suf[i][j]]) ++sg_suf[i][j]; } } } int qn; scanf("%d", &qn); for (int i = (0), i_end_ = (qn); i < i_end_; ++i) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r), --l; bool ret = 0; for (int j = (0), j_end_ = (26); j < j_end_; ++j) if (cnt[j][r] - cnt[j][l]) { int tmp = sg_suf[l][j]; tmp ^= sg_sum[j][pre[r][j]] ^ sg_sum[j][nxt[l][j]]; tmp ^= sg_pre[r][j]; if (!tmp) ret = 1; } puts(ret ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int limit = 100005; void add(int pos, int val, int sx[limit]) { for (; pos < limit; pos += pos & -pos) sx[pos] ^= val; } int xbefore(int pos, int sx[limit]) { int x = 0; for (; pos; pos -= pos & -pos) x ^= sx[pos]; return x; } int n; int s[limit]; int cases; int tiempo; int posle[26][limit]; int posri[26][limit]; int precomputed[2][limit][26]; int sx[26][limit]; struct elem { int side, pos, car; elem() {} elem(int side, int pos, int car) : side(side), pos(pos), car(car) {} }; int getposri(const elem &e) { int pos = e.pos; int c = e.car; return posri[c][pos]; } int getposle(const elem &e) { int pos = e.pos; int c = e.car; return posle[c][pos]; } int size(const elem &e) { if (e.side) return e.pos - getposle(e); return getposri(e) - e.pos; } bool operator<(const elem &e1, const elem &e2) { return size(e1) < size(e2); } vector<elem> lista[limit]; void add(elem e) { lista[size(e)].push_back(e); } int tiempocompute; int seencompute[limit]; int compute(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l == r) return 1; tiempocompute++; for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { if (posri[c][l] <= r) { int pl = posri[c][l]; int pr = posle[c][r]; int solact = 0; if (l < pl) solact ^= precomputed[0][l][c]; if (pr < r) solact ^= precomputed[1][r][c]; solact ^= xbefore(pr, sx[c]) ^ xbefore(pl, sx[c]); seencompute[solact] = tiempocompute; } } int sol = 0; while (seencompute[sol] == tiempocompute) sol++; return sol; } void precompute(elem e) { int side = e.side; int pos = e.pos; int car = e.car; int &precom = precomputed[side][pos][car]; if (e.side == 0) { precom = compute(pos, posri[car][pos] - 1); if (pos == 1 or s[pos - 1] == car) add(posri[car][pos], precom, sx[car]); } else { precom = compute(posle[car][pos] + 1, pos); } } char ss[limit]; int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); scanf("%s", ss); scanf("%d", &cases); n = strlen(ss); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] = ss[i - 1] - 'a'; for (int C = 0; C < 26; C++) posri[C][n + 1] = n + 1; for (int C = 0; C < 26; C++) { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) posle[C][i] = s[i] == C ? i : posle[C][i - 1]; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) posri[C][i] = s[i] == C ? i : posri[C][i + 1]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int C = 0; C < 26; C++) { add(elem(0, i, C)); add(elem(1, i, C)); } } for (int j = 0; j < limit; j++) { vector<elem> &v = lista[j]; for (int i = 0; i < int(v.size()); i++) precompute(v[i]); } for (int cas = 0; cas < cases; cas++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (compute(l, r)) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; uint64_t rnd_data = 0xDEADBEEFDULL; inline void my_srand(int seed) { rnd_data = ((uint64_t)seed << 16) | 0x330E; } inline int my_rand() { rnd_data = rnd_data * 0x5DEECE66DULL + 0xB; return (rnd_data >> 17) & 0x7FFFFFFF; } template <typename T> void my_random_shuffle(T b, T e) { for (int i = (1); i <= (int)((int)(e - b) - 1); i++) { swap(b[i], b[my_rand() % (i + 1)]); } } template <class _T> inline _T sqr(const _T &x) { return x * x; } template <typename type_t, typename less_t = std::less<type_t>> inline bool uin(type_t &a, const type_t &b, const less_t &ls = less_t()) { return ls(b, a) ? a = b, true : false; } template <typename type_t, typename less_t = std::less<type_t>> inline bool uax(type_t &a, const type_t &b, const less_t &ls = less_t()) { return ls(a, b) ? a = b, true : false; } const long double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795L; const long double EPS = 1e-9; int n, m; char s[102400]; int b[102400][2]; int dl[102400][26]; int dr[102400][26]; vector<int> pos[26]; vector<int> tx[26]; vector<int> stx[26]; int zx[26]; vector<pair<int, int>> sq; int nextc[102400][26]; int prevc[102400][26]; int idx[102400]; inline void tadd(int j, int first, int k) { first += zx[j]; while (first) { tx[j][first] ^= k; first >>= 1; } } inline int txor(int j, int l, int r) { int ans = 0; l += zx[j]; r += zx[j]; while (l <= r) { if (l & 1) ans ^= tx[j][l]; if (!(r & 1)) ans ^= tx[j][r]; l = (l + 1) >> 1; r = (r - 1) >> 1; } return ans; } inline int txorf(int j, int l, int r) { return stx[j][r + 1] ^ stx[j][l]; } int solvel(int l, int j, bool calc_tadd = false); int solver(int r, int j, bool calc_tadd = false); int solve0(int l, int r, bool calc_tadd = false, bool fastx = false) { if (r < l) return 0; int u = 0; for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { int xpos = nextc[l][i]; if (xpos >= n) continue; int first = idx[xpos]; if (pos[i][first] > r) continue; int ypos = prevc[r][i]; int second = idx[ypos]; int cur = fastx ? txorf(i, first, second - 1) : txor(i, first, second - 1); cur ^= solvel(l, i, calc_tadd); cur ^= solver(r, i, calc_tadd); u |= 1 << cur; } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(30); i++) { if (!(u & (1 << i))) { if (l > 0 && r < n - 1 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1] && calc_tadd) { int ch = s[l - 1] - 'a'; int first = idx[l - 1]; if (pos[ch][first + 1] == r + 1) tadd(ch, first, i); } return i; } } assert(false); return -1; } int solvel(int l, int j, bool calc_tadd) { int &ans = dl[l][j]; if (ans >= 0) return ans; int posj = nextc[l][j]; int first = posj == n ? pos[j].size() - 1 : idx[posj]; int r = pos[j][first] - 1; if (r < l) { return ans = 0; } return ans = solve0(l, r, calc_tadd); } int solver(int r, int j, bool calc_tadd) { int &ans = dr[r][j]; if (ans >= 0) return ans; int posj = prevc[r][j]; int first = posj == -1 ? 0 : idx[posj]; int l = pos[j][first] + 1; if (r < l) { return ans = 0; } return ans = solve0(l, r, calc_tadd); } void precalc() { for (int i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < (int)(26); j++) { solvel(i, j); } } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < (int)(26); j++) { solver(i, j); } } } int main() { memset(dl, 0xff, sizeof(dl)); memset(dr, 0xff, sizeof(dr)); scanf("%s", s); n = strlen(s); for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { pos[i].push_back(-1); } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++) { int first = s[i] - 'a'; pos[first].push_back(i); idx[i] = pos[first].size() - 1; } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { pos[i].push_back(n); } for (int j = 0; j < (int)(26); j++) { nextc[n][j] = n; for (int i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--) { nextc[i][j] = s[i] == 'a' + j ? i : nextc[i + 1][j]; } } for (int j = 0; j < (int)(26); j++) { prevc[0][j] = s[0] == 'a' + j ? 0 : -1; for (int i = (1); i <= (int)(n); i++) { prevc[i][j] = s[i] == 'a' + j ? i : prevc[i - 1][j]; } } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { zx[i] = 1; while ((int)pos[i].size() > zx[i]) zx[i] <<= 1; tx[i].resize(zx[i] * 2, 0); } scanf("%d", &m); for (int i = 0; i < (int)(m); i++) { scanf("%d%d", &b[i][0], &b[i][1]); b[i][0]--; b[i][1]--; } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < (int)(pos[i].size() - 1); j++) { if (pos[i][j] + 1 <= pos[i][j + 1] - 1) sq.push_back(make_pair(pos[i][j] + 1, pos[i][j + 1] - 1)); } } sort((sq).begin(), (sq).end(), [](pair<int, int> l, pair<int, int> r) { return l.second - l.first < r.second - r.first; }); for (auto &qq : sq) { solve0(qq.first, qq.second, true); } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(26); i++) { stx[i].resize(pos[i].size() + 1); stx[i][0] = 0; for (int j = 0; j < (int)(pos[i].size()); j++) { stx[i][j + 1] = stx[i][j] ^ tx[i][zx[i] + j]; } } for (int i = 0; i < (int)(m); i++) { puts(solve0(b[i][0], b[i][1], false, true) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> const int maxn = 1E5 + 77; const int cL = 26; int m_abs(int v) { return v > 0 ? v : -v; } int LP[cL][maxn], RP[cL][maxn]; unsigned char LV[2][cL][maxn], LVC[2][cL][maxn][cL], SV[cL][maxn]; bool sgv[cL + 3]; int calc(int l, int r) { int ret = 0; memset(sgv, 0, sizeof(sgv)); for (int c = 0; c < cL; ++c) { int pl = RP[c][l], pr = LP[c][r]; if (pl > pr) continue; int x = SV[c][pr] ^ SV[c][pl]; if (pl != l) x ^= LV[0][c][l]; if (pr != r) x ^= LV[1][c][r]; sgv[x] = true; } while (sgv[ret]) ++ret; return ret; } struct PQuery { int l, r, c; PQuery(int l, int r, int c) : l(l), r(r), c(c) {} }; std::vector<PQuery> PQ[maxn]; char S[maxn]; int L; void __pre() { for (int i = 0; i < cL; ++i) { for (int j = 1; j <= L; ++j) { if (S[j] == 'a' + i) LP[i][j] = j; else { LP[i][j] = LP[i][j - 1]; PQ[j - LP[i][j]].push_back(PQuery(LP[i][j] + 1, j, i + 1)); } } } for (int i = 0; i < cL; ++i) { RP[i][L + 1] = L + 1; for (int j = L; j; --j) { if (S[j] == 'a' + i) RP[i][j] = j; else { RP[i][j] = RP[i][j + 1]; PQ[RP[i][j] - j].push_back(PQuery(j, RP[i][j] - 1, -i - 1)); } } } for (int i = 1; i <= L; ++i) { for (auto pq : PQ[i]) { int l = pq.l, r = pq.r, c = m_abs(pq.c) - 1, tl = pq.c > 0, v = 0; memset(sgv, 0, sizeof(sgv)); for (int j = 0; j < cL; ++j) { int m; if (tl) m = LP[j][r]; else m = RP[j][l]; if (m < l || m > r) continue; int x; if (tl) { x = LV[tl][j][r]; if (LP[j][m - 1] >= l) { x ^= LVC[tl][c][m - 1][j]; } else { x ^= LV[0][j][l]; } } else { x = LV[tl][j][l]; if (RP[j][m + 1] <= r) { x ^= LVC[tl][c][m + 1][j]; } else { x ^= LV[1][j][r]; } } LVC[tl][c][tl ? r : l][j] = x; sgv[x] = true; } while (sgv[v]) ++v; LV[tl][c][tl ? r : l] = v; } PQ[i].clear(); } for (int i = 0; i < cL; ++i) { for (int j = 1; j <= L; ++j) if (S[j] == 'a' + i) { SV[i][j] = LV[1][i][j - 1] ^ SV[i][LP[i][j - 1]]; } } } int M; int main() { scanf("%s", S + 1); L = strlen(S + 1); __pre(); scanf("%d", &M); while (M--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); printf("%s\n", calc(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MN = 100010; string S; int N, Q; vector<int> P[26]; int L[26][MN], R[26][MN]; struct Info { int l, r, id; bool operator<(const Info &i) const { return l < i.l; } }; vector<Info> seg[MN]; vector<vector<int> > pref[26], suff[26]; int dp1[MN * 200], dp2[MN][26]; int solve2(int idx, int c) { if (dp2[idx][c] != -1) { return dp2[idx][c]; } dp2[0][c] = (P[c][0] - 1 >= 0) ? dp1[pref[c][0][P[c][0] - 1]] : 0; if (idx == 0) return dp2[0][c]; int p = 0; for (int i = idx; i >= 0; i--) { if (dp2[i][c] != -1) { p = i; break; } } for (int i = p + 1; i <= idx; i++) { dp2[i][c] = dp2[i - 1][c] ^ ((P[c][i] - P[c][i - 1] - 2) >= 0 ? dp1[pref[c][i][P[c][i] - P[c][i - 1] - 2]] : 0); } return dp2[idx][c]; } int solve1(int l, int r) { vector<int> chk(26, 0); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int a = R[i][l]; int b = L[i][r]; if (a > b) continue; int tmp1 = 0; if (P[i][a] - l - 1 < 0) tmp1 = 0; else if ((int)suff[i][a].size() > P[i][a] - l - 1) { tmp1 = dp1[suff[i][a][P[i][a] - l - 1]]; } else { tmp1 = dp1[pref[i][a][P[i][a] - l - 1]]; } int tmp2 = (r - P[i][b] - 1 >= 0) ? dp1[pref[i][b + 1][r - P[i][b] - 1]] : 0; int Xor = tmp1 ^ tmp2 ^ solve2(a, i) ^ solve2(b, i); if (Xor < 26) chk[Xor] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!chk[i]) return i; return 26; } int main() { cin >> S; N = S.size(); for (int i = 0; i < S.size(); i++) { P[S[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int la = -1; for (int j = 0; j < S.size(); j++) { if (S[j] - 'a' == i) la++; L[i][j] = la; } la = P[i].size(); for (int j = (int)S.size() - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (S[j] - 'a' == i) la--; R[i][j] = la; } } int cnt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int st = 0; pref[i] = suff[i] = vector<vector<int> >(P[i].size() + 1); for (int j = 0; j < P[i].size(); j++) { if (P[i][j] - st) { for (int k = st; k < P[i][j]; k++) { seg[k].push_back({st, k, cnt}); pref[i][j].push_back(cnt); cnt++; } for (int k = P[i][j] - 1; k > st; k--) { seg[P[i][j] - 1].push_back({k, P[i][j] - 1, cnt}); suff[i][j].push_back(cnt); cnt++; } } st = P[i][j] + 1; } if (N - st) { for (int k = st; k < N; k++) { seg[k].push_back({st, k, cnt}); pref[i][P[i].size()].push_back(cnt); cnt++; } for (int k = N - 1; k > st; k--) { seg[N - 1].push_back({k, N - 1, cnt}); suff[i][P[i].size()].push_back(cnt); cnt++; } } } memset(dp2, -1, sizeof(dp2)); for (int len = 0; len < N; len++) { sort(seg[len].begin(), seg[len].end()); for (int x = (int)seg[len].size() - 1; x >= 0; x--) { int l = seg[len][x].l; int r = seg[len][x].r; int n = seg[len][x].id; dp1[n] = solve1(l, r); } } scanf("%d", &Q); for (int i = 0; i < Q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); l--; r--; if (solve1(l, r)) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; template <typename T> void read(T &x) { x = 0; int f = 1; char c = getchar(); for (; !isdigit(c); c = getchar()) if (c == '-') f = -1; for (; isdigit(c); c = getchar()) x = x * 10 + c - 48; x *= f; } char s[100010]; int prsum[30][100010], xtonx[30][100010], prtox[30][100010]; int nx[30][100010], pr[30][100010]; int n, la[30]; int qy(int l, int r); int qnx(int x, int op) { if (xtonx[op][x] == -1) xtonx[op][x] = qy(x, nx[op][x]); return xtonx[op][x]; } int qpr(int x, int op) { if (prtox[op][x] == -1) prtox[op][x] = qy(pr[op][x], x); return prtox[op][x]; } int ask(int x, int op) { if (prsum[op][x] == -1) prsum[op][x] = ask(pr[op][x], op) ^ qpr(x, op); return prsum[op][x]; } int qy(int l, int r) { if (r - l <= 1) return 0; int rt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { if (nx[i][l] >= r) continue; rt |= (1 << (qnx(l, i) ^ qpr(r, i) ^ ask(nx[i][l], i) ^ ask(pr[i][r], i))); } for (int i = 0; i < 27; ++i) if ((rt & (1 << i)) == 0) return i; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); s[0] = 'a', s[n + 1] = 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pr[j][i] = la[j]; la[s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) la[j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 0; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nx[j][i] = la[j]; la[s[i] - 'a'] = i; } memset(prsum, -1, sizeof(prsum)); memset(xtonx, -1, sizeof(xtonx)); memset(prtox, -1, sizeof(prtox)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) prsum[j][0] = 0; int q; read(q); while (q--) { int l, r; read(l); read(r); if (qy(l - 1, r + 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int ALPHA = 26; const int MAX_G = 32; int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); string foo; cin >> foo; int n = (int)foo.size(); vector<int> s(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { s[i] = (int)(foo[i] - 'a'); } vector<vector<int>> nxt(n + 1, vector<int>(ALPHA)); for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { nxt[n][c] = n; } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { nxt[i][c] = nxt[i + 1][c]; } nxt[i][s[i]] = i; } vector<vector<int>> prv(n + 1, vector<int>(ALPHA)); for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { prv[0][c] = -1; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { prv[i + 1][c] = prv[i][c]; } prv[i + 1][s[i]] = i; } int m; cin >> m; vector<int> from(m), to(m); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { cin >> from[i] >> to[i]; from[i]--; to[i]--; } vector<vector<int>> add(n); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { add[from[i]].push_back(to[i]); for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { int j = prv[to[i] + 1][c]; if (j < to[i] && j >= from[i]) { add[j + 1].push_back(to[i]); } } } vector<vector<int>> rs(n); vector<vector<int>> dp(n); auto get_dp = [&](int i, int j) { if (i > j) { return 0; } auto it = lower_bound(rs[i].begin(), rs[i].end(), j); assert(!(it == rs[i].end() || *it != j)); int pos = (int)(it - rs[i].begin()); return dp[i][pos]; }; vector<int> xorval(n + 1, 0); vector<int> touched(MAX_G, 0); int iter = 0; for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (i < n - 1) { int j = nxt[i + 1][s[i]]; xorval[i] = xorval[j] ^ get_dp(i + 1, j - 1); } for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { if (nxt[i][c] != n && nxt[i][c] != i) { rs[i].push_back(nxt[i][c] - 1); } } rs[i].push_back(n - 1); for (int j : add[i]) { rs[i].push_back(j); } sort(rs[i].begin(), rs[i].end()); rs[i].resize(unique(rs[i].begin(), rs[i].end()) - rs[i].begin()); dp[i].resize(rs[i].size()); for (int jt = 0; jt < (int)rs[i].size(); jt++) { int j = rs[i][jt]; iter++; for (int c = 0; c < ALPHA; c++) { if (nxt[i][c] > j) { continue; } int A = nxt[i][c]; int B = prv[j + 1][c]; int cur = 0; if (A > i) { cur ^= get_dp(i, A - 1); } if (B < j) { cur ^= get_dp(B + 1, j); } cur ^= xorval[A] ^ xorval[B]; touched[cur] = iter; } int &res = dp[i][jt]; res = 0; while (touched[res] == iter) { res++; } } } for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { int x = get_dp(from[i], to[i]); cout << (x > 0 ? "Alice" : "Bob") << '\n'; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100005; int n, m, sum[N], pre[N][26], suf[N][26], pref[N][26], suff[N][26]; bool visit[40]; char s[N]; int solve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) { return 0; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) { visit[i] = false; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { if (suf[l][i] <= r) { int x = suf[l][i], y = pre[r][i]; visit[suff[l][i] ^ pref[r][i] ^ sum[y] ^ sum[x]] = true; } } for (int i = 0;; ++i) { if (!visit[i]) { return i; } } } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; } pre[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; } for (int i = n; i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; } suf[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { sum[i] = sum[pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']]; if (pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']) { sum[i] ^= pref[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; } for (int j = i; j > pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; --j) { suff[j][s[i] - 'a'] = solve(j, i - 1); } vector<pair<int, int> > all; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { if (pre[i][j]) { all.emplace_back(pre[i][j], j); } } sort(all.begin(), all.end()); reverse(all.begin(), all.end()); for (int j = 0; j < all.size(); ++j) { int c = all[j].second; pref[i][c] = solve(pre[i][c] + 1, i); } } scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); puts(solve(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 123456; const int M = 30; unordered_map<int, int> sg[N]; int pre[N][M], suf[N][M]; int L[N][M], R[N][M]; int f[N], key[N], w[N], n, q, l, r; char s[N]; vector<pair<int, int>> rg[N]; void add(int l, int r) { rg[r - l].push_back(make_pair(l, r)); } int find(int x) { if (f[x] == x) return x; else { int y = f[x]; int z = find(f[x]); key[x] ^= key[y]; f[x] = z; return z; } } int findkey(int x) { find(x); return key[x]; } int query(int l, int r, int ty = 0); int queryL(int l, int sig) { if (L[l][sig] != -1) return L[l][sig]; else return L[l][sig] = query(l, suf[l + 1][sig]); } int queryR(int r, int sig) { if (R[r][sig] != -1) return R[r][sig]; else return R[r][sig] = query(pre[r - 1][sig], r); } int query(int l, int r, int ty) { if (sg[l].count(r)) return sg[l][r]; if (l + 1 == r) { sg[l][r] = 0; if (ty) return 0; if (w[l] == w[r]) { assert(find(l) != find(r)); f[r] = l; key[r] = 0; } return 0; } int s = 0; for (int sig = 0; sig < 26; sig++) { if (suf[l + 1][sig] < r) { int val = queryL(l, sig) ^ queryR(r, sig) ^ findkey(suf[l + 1][sig]) ^ findkey(pre[r - 1][sig]); assert(find(suf[l + 1][sig]) == find(pre[r - 1][sig])); s |= (1 << val); } } int a = 0; while (s & (1 << a)) a++; sg[l][r] = a; if (ty) return a; if (w[l] == w[r]) { assert(find(l) != find(r)); f[r] = l; key[r] = a; } return a; } int main() { memset(L, -1, sizeof(L)); memset(R, -1, sizeof(R)); scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) w[i] = s[i] - 'a'; w[0] = -1; w[n + 1] = -2; for (int i = 0; i <= n + 1; i++) f[i] = i; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][w[i]] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) add(pre[i][j], i + 1); } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][w[i]] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) add(i - 1, suf[i][j]); } for (int d = 1; d <= n + 1; d++) { for (auto seg : rg[d]) { query(seg.first, seg.second); } } scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); puts(query(l - 1, r + 1, 1) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long gcd(long long a, long long b) { return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b); } const int MAXLEN = 100000; const int MAXQ = 100000; const int ALPH = 26; const int MAXVAL = 31; char s[MAXLEN + 1]; int slen; int nq; int ql[MAXQ], qr[MAXQ], qans[MAXQ]; int nxt[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int prv[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; vector<int> need[MAXLEN]; vector<int> dp[MAXLEN]; int fstval[MAXLEN]; int suffval[MAXLEN + 1]; int nxtval[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int prvval[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int mark[MAXVAL + 1], curmark; void solve() { for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { nxt[slen][k] = slen; for (int i = slen - 1; i >= 0; --i) nxt[i][k] = s[i] == 'a' + k ? i : nxt[i + 1][k]; } for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { prv[0][k] = -1; for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) prv[i + 1][k] = s[i] == 'a' + k ? i : prv[i][k]; } for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) need[i].clear(); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) need[ql[i]].push_back(qr[i]); for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) if (nxt[i][k] != i) need[i].push_back(nxt[i][k] - 1); for (int i = (1); i <= (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) if (prv[i][k] != -1 && prv[i][k] != i - 1) need[prv[i][k] + 1].push_back(i - 1); for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) { sort(need[i].begin(), need[i].end()); need[i].erase(unique(need[i].begin(), need[i].end()), need[i].end()); } for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) fstval[i] = suffval[i] = -1; suffval[slen] = 0; for (int i = (0); i <= (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) nxtval[i][k] = prvval[i][k] = -1; memset(mark, -1, sizeof(mark)); curmark = -1; for (int l = slen - 1; l >= 0; --l) { fstval[l] = nxt[l + 1][s[l] - 'a'] == slen ? suffval[l + 1] : s[l + 1] == s[l] ? fstval[l + 1] : (nxtval[l + 1][s[l] - 'a'] ^ fstval[nxt[l + 1][s[l] - 'a']]); dp[l].resize(((int)(need[l]).size())); for (int i = (0); i < (((int)(need[l]).size())); ++i) { int r = need[l][i]; ++curmark; for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { if (nxt[l][k] > r) continue; int L = nxt[l][k], R = prv[r + 1][k]; assert(l <= L && L <= R && R <= r && s[L] == 'a' + k && s[R] == 'a' + k); int kval = fstval[L] ^ fstval[R]; if (L != l) { assert(nxtval[l][k] != -1); kval ^= nxtval[l][k]; } if (R != r) { assert(prvval[r + 1][k] != -1); kval ^= prvval[r + 1][k]; } mark[kval] = curmark; } int curval = 0; while (mark[curval] == curmark) ++curval; dp[l][i] = curval; if (r + 1 < slen && nxt[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] == r + 1) nxtval[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] = curval; if (l - 1 >= 0 && prv[r + 1][s[l - 1] - 'a'] == l - 1) prvval[r + 1][s[l - 1] - 'a'] = curval; if (r + 1 == slen) suffval[l] = curval; } } for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) { int l = ql[i], r = qr[i]; int idx = lower_bound(need[l].begin(), need[l].end(), r) - need[l].begin(); assert(idx < ((int)(need[l]).size()) && need[l][idx] == r); qans[i] = dp[l][idx]; } } void run() { scanf("%s", s); slen = strlen(s); scanf("%d", &nq); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) scanf("%d%d", &ql[i], &qr[i]), --ql[i], --qr[i]; solve(); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) printf("%s\n", qans[i] != 0 ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } int main() { run(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; struct node { int l, r, len; }; char s[100010]; int n, m, pre[100010][30], nxt[100010][30]; int f[100010][30], fl[100010][30], fr[100010][30]; vector<node> v; vector<int> g; bool cmp(node x, node y) { return x.len < y.len; } inline int mex(int mask) { for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (!(mask & (1 << i))) { return i; } } return 26; } int work1(int i, int j) { int mask = 0; for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { if (nxt[i][k] > j) { continue; } int l = nxt[i][k]; int r = pre[j][k]; int h = nxt[l + 1][k], now = 0; while (h <= r) { now ^= f[h][k]; h = nxt[h + 1][k]; } if (i < l) { if (fr[i][k] == -1) { fr[i][k] = work1(i, l - 1); } now ^= fr[i][k]; } if (j > r) { if (fl[j][k] == -1) { fl[j][k] = work1(r + 1, j); } now ^= fl[j][k]; } if (now < 26) { mask |= (1 << now); } } return mex(mask); } int work2(int i, int j) { int mask = 0; for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { if (nxt[i][k] > j) { continue; } int l = nxt[i][k]; int r = pre[j][k]; int now = f[l][k] ^ f[r][k]; if (i < l) { if (fr[i][k] == -1) { fr[i][k] = work2(i, l - 1); } now ^= fr[i][k]; } if (j > r) { if (fl[j][k] == -1) { fl[j][k] = work2(r + 1, j); } now ^= fl[j][k]; } if (now < 26) { mask |= (1 << now); } } return mex(mask); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { pre[0][i] = 0; nxt[n + 1][i] = n + 1; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; } pre[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = n; i; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; } nxt[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { g.clear(); for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { if (s[j] == 'a' + i) { g.push_back(j); } } for (int j = 1; j < g.size(); j++) { v.push_back((node){g[j - 1], g[j], g[j] - g[j - 1] + 1}); } } sort(v.begin(), v.end(), cmp); memset(fl, -1, sizeof(fl)); memset(fr, -1, sizeof(fr)); for (int i = 0; i < v.size(); i++) { int l = v[i].l; int r = v[i].r; if (l + 1 >= r) { continue; } f[r][s[r] - 'a'] = work1(l + 1, r - 1); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { f[i][j] ^= f[i - 1][j]; } } scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (work2(l, r)) { puts("Alice"); } else { puts("Bob"); } } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 100050; int n, q; char str[maxn]; int pre[26][maxn], suf[26][maxn]; int arr[26][maxn], ar[26][maxn]; int Pf[26][maxn], Sf[26][maxn]; int solve(int, int, int); int hd(int k, int l, int r, int dep) { if (ar[k][l]) return Sf[k][l]; else { ar[k][l] = 1, Sf[k][l] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); return Sf[k][l]; } } int pd(int k, int r, int l, int dep) { if (arr[k][r]) return Pf[k][r]; else { arr[k][r] = 1, Pf[k][r] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); return Pf[k][r]; } } int app[maxn][28]; int solve(int l, int r, int dep) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l == r) return 1; for (int k = 0; k <= 26; k++) app[dep][k] = 0; for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { int pv = suf[k][l], sv = pre[k][r]; if (pv > r || sv < l || pv == -1 || sv == -1) continue; int ans = Pf[k][sv] ^ Pf[k][pv]; if (pre[k][r] != r) ans ^= pd(k, r, sv + 1, dep); if (suf[k][l] != l) ans ^= hd(k, l, pv - 1, dep); app[dep][ans] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) if (app[dep][i] == 0) return i; } void init() { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i - 1 >= 0 && pre[str[i] - 'a'][i - 1] != -1) { int k = str[i] - 'a'; if (pre[k][i - 1] + 1 > i - 1) Pf[k][i] = Pf[k][pre[k][i - 1]]; else Pf[k][i] = Pf[k][pre[k][i - 1]] ^ Pf[k][i - 1]; arr[k][i] = 1; } for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { if (pre[k][i] == -1) continue; if (arr[k][i]) continue; if (pre[k][i] != i) Pf[k][i] = solve(pre[k][i] + 1, i, 0); arr[k][i] = 1; } } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (i + 1 < n && suf[str[i] - 'a'][i + 1] != -1) { int k = str[i] - 'a'; if (i + 1 > suf[k][i + 1] - 1) Sf[k][i] = Sf[k][suf[k][i + 1]]; else Sf[k][i] = Sf[k][suf[k][i + 1]] ^ Sf[k][i + 1]; ar[k][i] = 1; } for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { if (suf[k][i] == -1) continue; if (ar[k][i]) continue; if (suf[k][i] != i) Sf[k][i] = solve(i, suf[k][i] - 1, 0); ar[k][i] = 1; } } } void read() { scanf("%s", str); scanf("%d", &q); n = strlen(str); for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) pre[k][i] = suf[k][i] = -1; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) pre[str[i] - 'a'][i] = i, suf[str[i] - 'a'][i] = i; for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) { for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) if (pre[k][i] == -1) pre[k][i] = pre[k][i - 1]; for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) if (suf[k][i] == -1) suf[k][i] = suf[k][i + 1]; } } void work() { for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); int flag = solve(l - 1, r - 1, 0); if (flag) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } } int main() { read(); init(); work(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize("O3") #pragma GCC target("sse4") using namespace std; const int mod = 1e9 + 7; const long double Pi = acos(-1.0); using ll = long long; using ii = pair<int, int>; const int N = 1e5 + 5; string str; int n; int prv[N][26], nxt[N][26]; int grundy[N], dp[N][26]; int mem[27]; int solve(int l, int r, int c, bool f) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~mem[c]) return mem[c]; int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int a = nxt[l][i], b = prv[r][i]; if (b >= l) { int val = grundy[b] ^ grundy[a]; if (f) { val ^= dp[r][i] ^ solve(l, a - 1, i, 1); } else { val ^= dp[a - 1][c] ^ solve(b + 1, r, i, 0); } mask |= (1 << val); } } mem[c] = 26; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (mask >> i & 1 ^ 1) { mem[c] = i; break; } return mem[c]; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); cin >> str; int n = str.size(); str = "#" + str; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { str[i] -= 'a'; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { prv[i][j] = prv[i - 1][j]; } prv[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) nxt[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; nxt[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { grundy[i] = grundy[prv[i - 1][str[i]]] ^ dp[i - 1][str[i]]; memset(mem, -1, sizeof mem); for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) dp[i][j] = solve(prv[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; memset(mem, -1, sizeof mem); cout << (solve(l, r, 26, 1) ? "Alice\n" : "Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize("O2,unroll-loops") using namespace std; const int inf = 1000000010; const long long INF = 10000000000000010LL; const int mod = 1000000007; const int MAXN = 100010, SGM = 26; int n, m, k, u, v, x, y, t, l, r, shit; int A[MAXN], mark[MAXN], pref[MAXN]; int dp[MAXN][SGM], pd[MAXN][SGM]; int prv[MAXN][SGM], nxt[MAXN][SGM]; pair<int, int> P[SGM]; string S; int Get(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; shit++; for (int c = 0; c < SGM; c++) if (l <= prv[r][c]) { int L = nxt[l][c], R = prv[r][c]; int g = pd[l][c] ^ dp[r][c]; g ^= pref[R] ^ pref[L]; mark[g] = shit; } int res = 0; while (mark[res] == shit) res++; return res; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); cin >> S; n = S.size(); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) A[i] = S[i - 1] - 'a'; A[0] = A[n + 1] = -1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { memcpy(prv[i], prv[i - 1], sizeof(prv[i])); prv[i][A[i]] = i; } fill(nxt[n + 1], nxt[n + 1] + SGM, n + 1); for (int i = n; i; i--) { memcpy(nxt[i], nxt[i + 1], sizeof(nxt[i])); nxt[i][A[i]] = i; } for (int r = 1; r <= n; r++) { int last = prv[r - 1][A[r]]; pref[r] = pref[last] ^ dp[r - 1][A[r]]; for (int i = 0; i < SGM; i++) P[i] = {prv[r][i], i}; sort(P, P + SGM); for (int i = last + 1; i < r; i++) pd[i][A[r]] = Get(i, r - 1); for (int i = SGM - 2; ~i; i--) dp[r][P[i].second] = Get(P[i].first + 1, r); } cin >> m; while (m--) { cin >> l >> r; cout << (Get(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob") << "\n"; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int M = 1e5 + 239; const int alf = 26; int n, q; string s; int posr[alf][M], posl[alf][M], dpl[alf][M], dpr[alf][M], z[alf][M]; int k, kols[alf], id[M]; inline int gett_slow(int l, int r) { int mask = 0; for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) { if (posr[x][l] > r) continue; int lf = posr[x][l]; int rf = posl[x][r]; int now = 0; for (int i = id[lf]; i < id[rf]; i++) now ^= z[x][i + 1]; if (l < lf) { if (dpr[x][l] == -1) dpr[x][l] = gett_slow(l, lf - 1); now ^= dpr[x][l]; } if (rf < r) { if (dpl[x][r] == -1) dpl[x][r] = gett_slow(rf + 1, r); now ^= dpl[x][r]; } if (now < alf) mask |= (1 << now); } for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) if (((mask >> i) & 1) == 0) return i; return alf; } inline int gett_fast(int l, int r) { int mask = 0; for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) { if (posr[x][l] > r) continue; int lf = posr[x][l]; int rf = posl[x][r]; int now = (z[x][id[lf]] ^ z[x][id[rf]]); if (l < lf) { if (dpr[x][l] == -1) dpr[x][l] = gett_fast(l, lf - 1); now ^= dpr[x][l]; } if (rf < r) { if (dpl[x][r] == -1) dpl[x][r] = gett_fast(rf + 1, r); now ^= dpl[x][r]; } if (now < alf) mask |= (1 << now); } for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) if (((mask >> i) & 1) == 0) return i; return alf; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin >> s; n = (int)s.size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { id[i] = kols[s[i] - 'a']; kols[s[i] - 'a']++; } for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) posr[i][n] = n; for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) posr[x][i] = posr[x][i + 1]; posr[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < alf; i++) posl[i][0] = -1; posl[s[0] - 'a'][0] = 0; for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) posl[x][i] = posl[x][i - 1]; posl[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; } memset(dpl, -1, sizeof(dpl)); memset(dpr, -1, sizeof(dpr)); memset(z, 0, sizeof(z)); vector<tuple<int, int, int> > seg; for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) { vector<int> pos; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (s[i] - 'a' == x) pos.push_back(i); for (int t = 0; t < (int)pos.size() - 1; t++) seg.push_back(make_tuple(pos[t + 1] - pos[t] - 1, pos[t], pos[t + 1])); } sort(seg.begin(), seg.end()); for (tuple<int, int, int> t : seg) { int l = get<1>(t); int r = get<2>(t); if (r == l + 1) continue; int x = gett_slow(l + 1, r - 1); z[s[r] - 'a'][id[r]] = x; } for (int x = 0; x < alf; x++) for (int i = 1; i < kols[x]; i++) z[x][i] ^= z[x][i - 1]; cin >> q; for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; l--, r--; cout << (gett_fast(l, r) == 0 ? "Bob\n" : "Alice\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; inline int read() { int x = 0, f = 1; char ch = getchar(); while (!isdigit(ch)) f = ch ^ 45, ch = getchar(); while (isdigit(ch)) x = (x << 1) + (x << 3) + (ch ^ 48), ch = getchar(); return f ? x : -x; } char ch[100010]; int n, a[100010], pre[100010][26], suf[100010][26]; int f[100010][26], g[100010], mem[27]; inline int mex(int sta) { return __builtin_ctz(~sta); } inline int calc(int l, int r, int c, int flag) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~mem[c]) return mem[c]; int sta = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { int L = suf[l][j], R = pre[r][j]; if (R >= l) sta |= 1 << (g[R] ^ g[L] ^ (!flag ? f[L - 1][c] : calc(l, L - 1, j, 1)) ^ (flag ? f[r][j] : calc(R + 1, r, j, 0))); } return mem[c] = mex(sta); } int main() { scanf("%s", ch + 1); n = strlen(ch + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) a[i] = ch[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { g[i] = f[i - 1][a[i]] ^ g[pre[i - 1][a[i]]]; memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) f[i][j] = calc(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } int q = read(); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l = read(), r = read(); memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); if (calc(l, r, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MAXSIZE = 10000020; int bufpos; char buf[MAXSIZE]; void init() { buf[fread(buf, 1, MAXSIZE, stdin)] = '\0'; bufpos = 0; } int readint() { int val = 0; for (; !isdigit(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; for (; isdigit(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) val = val * 10 + buf[bufpos] - '0'; return val; } char readchar() { for (; isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; return buf[bufpos++]; } int readstr(char* s) { int cur = 0; for (; isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; for (; !isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) s[cur++] = buf[bufpos]; s[cur] = '\0'; return cur; } const int maxn = 100005; int pre[maxn][26], suf[maxn][26]; struct block { int n, sz, cnt; int a[maxn], np[maxn]; int sum[maxn]; int st[433], bs[433]; void init(int n) { if (n <= 0) return; this->n = n; st[1] = 1; sz = sqrt(n) + 0.5; cnt = (n - 1) / sz + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) np[i] = (i - 1) / sz + 1; st[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i <= cnt; i++) st[i] = st[i - 1] + sz; st[cnt + 1] = n + 1; } void add(int p, int v) { int u = np[p]; for (int i = u; i <= cnt; i++) bs[i] ^= v; for (int i = p; i < st[u + 1]; i++) { sum[i] ^= v; } } inline int query(int r) { return r ? (sum[r] ^ bs[np[r] - 1]) : 0; } } b[26]; int p[maxn][26], id[maxn], cur[26]; int nxt[maxn][26], lst[maxn][26]; char s[maxn]; struct seg { int l, r, c; bool operator<(const seg& rhs) const { return r - l < rhs.r - rhs.l; } } a[maxn * 53], w[maxn * 53]; int sum[maxn]; int query(int l, int r) { if (l == r) return 1; unsigned ans = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (nxt[l][i] == nxt[r + 1][i] || nxt[l][i] == cur[i] + 1) continue; int now = suf[l][i] ^ pre[r][i] ^ b[i].query(lst[r][i] - 1) ^ b[i].query(nxt[l][i] - 1); ans |= 1U << now; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!(ans >> i & 1)) return i; return 26; } int main() { init(); int n = readstr(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) p[id[i] = ++cur[s[i] - 'a']][s[i] - 'a'] = i; int cnt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int now = 1; for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { nxt[j][i] = now; if (s[j] == i + 'a') now++; else if (now <= cur[i]) a[++cnt] = (seg){j, p[now][i] - 1, i}; } now = cur[i]; for (int j = n; j; j--) { lst[j][i] = now; if (s[j] == i + 'a') now--; else if (now && (now == cur[i] || j != p[now + 1][i] - 1)) a[++cnt] = (seg){p[now][i] + 1, j, i}; } } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) b[i].init(cur[i] - 1); for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) sum[a[i].r - a[i].l + 1]++; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) sum[i] += sum[i - 1]; for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) w[sum[a[i].r - a[i].l + 1]--] = a[i]; for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) { int now = query(w[i].l, w[i].r); bool fl = s[w[i].l - 1] == w[i].c + 'a', fr = s[w[i].r + 1] == w[i].c + 'a'; if (fl) pre[w[i].r][w[i].c] = now; if (fr) suf[w[i].l][w[i].c] = now; if (fl && fr) { b[w[i].c].add(id[w[i].l - 1], now); } } int m = readint(); while (m--) { int l = readint(), r = readint(); puts(query(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 10; int n, m, ne[N][26], la[N][26], g[N]; char s[N]; bool vis[N][26]; inline bool& Vis(int l, int r) { return vis[l][s[r + 1] - 'a']; } int f[N][26]; inline int& F(int l, int r) { return f[l][s[r + 1] - 'a']; } int ask_l, ask_r, rm[N << 1]; stack<int> sta; inline int Calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l > 1 && r < n && ne[l][s[l - 1] - 'a'] > r && la[r][s[r + 1] - 'a'] < l) { if (Vis(l, r)) return F(l, r); Vis(l, r) = 1; int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) if (ne[l][i] <= r) { int sg = 0, pos = l; while (ne[pos][i] <= r) { sg ^= Calc(pos, ne[pos][i] - 1); pos = ne[pos][i] + 1; } sg ^= Calc(pos, r); if (sg < 26) mask |= 1 << sg; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) if ((mask >> i & 1) == 0) return F(l, r) = i; } else { int mask = 0, id; if (l == ask_l) { id = r; } else if (r == ask_r) { id = l + n + 1; } else assert(0); if (rm[id] != -1) return rm[id]; sta.push(id); for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) if (ne[l][i] <= r) { int x = ne[l][i], y = la[r][i]; int sg = Calc(l, x - 1) ^ Calc(y + 1, r) ^ g[y] ^ g[x]; if (sg < 26) mask |= 1 << sg; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) if ((mask >> i & 1) == 0) return rm[id] = i; } assert(0); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) ne[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i; --i) { memcpy(ne[i], ne[i + 1], sizeof ne[i]); ne[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) la[0][i] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { memcpy(la[i], la[i - 1], sizeof la[i]); la[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { int d = s[i] - 'a'; if (la[i - 1][d]) g[i] = g[la[i - 1][d]] ^ Calc(la[i - 1][d] + 1, i - 1); } scanf("%d", &m); memset(rm, -1, sizeof rm); for (int i = 1, x, y; i <= m; ++i) { scanf("%d%d", &x, &y); ask_l = x; ask_r = y; puts(Calc(x, y) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); while (!sta.empty()) rm[sta.top()] = -1, sta.pop(); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 5; const int A = 26; string s; int first_occ[A][N][2]; int occ_id[N]; vector<int> pos[A]; vector<int> acc_grundy[A]; int memo[N][A][2]; int cnt_iter; set<pair<int, int>> vis; int solve(int l, int r) { if (r < l) return 0; bool maximal_right = (r + 1 != s.size() && first_occ[s[r + 1] - 'a'][l][0] == r + 1); bool maximal_left = (l != 0 && first_occ[s[l - 1] - 'a'][r][1] == l - 1); if (maximal_right && memo[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'][0] != -1) { return memo[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'][0]; } else if (maximal_left && memo[r][s[l - 1] - 'a'][1] != -1) { return memo[r][s[l - 1] - 'a'][1]; } ++cnt_iter; int mex = 0; for (int ch = 0; ch < A; ++ch) { if (pos[ch].empty()) continue; int first_occ_from_left = first_occ[ch][l][0]; int first_occ_from_right = first_occ[ch][r][1]; if (first_occ_from_left > r) continue; int res = 0; if (acc_grundy[ch].size() != pos[ch].size()) { for (int i = occ_id[first_occ_from_left]; i < occ_id[first_occ_from_right]; ++i) { ++cnt_iter; res ^= solve(pos[ch][i] + 1, pos[ch][i + 1] - 1); } } else { res = acc_grundy[ch][occ_id[first_occ_from_left]] ^ acc_grundy[ch][occ_id[first_occ_from_right]]; } res ^= solve(l, first_occ_from_left - 1); res ^= solve(first_occ_from_right + 1, r); mex |= (1 << res); } int res = 0; while ((mex >> res) & 1) { ++res; } if (maximal_right) { memo[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'][0] = res; } if (maximal_left) { memo[r][s[l - 1] - 'a'][1] = res; } return res; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0), cout.tie(0); cin >> s; memset(memo, -1, sizeof memo); for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) { int ch = s[i] - 'a'; occ_id[i] = pos[ch].size(); pos[ch].push_back(i); } for (int ch = 0; ch < A; ++ch) { int lst = N; for (int i = s.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) { if (s[i] - 'a' == ch) { lst = i; } first_occ[ch][i][0] = lst; } } for (int ch = 0; ch < A; ++ch) { int lst = -1; for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) { if (s[i] - 'a' == ch) { lst = i; } first_occ[ch][i][1] = lst; } } for (int ch = 0; ch < A; ++ch) { if (pos[ch].empty()) continue; acc_grundy[ch].push_back(0); for (int i = 0; i + 1 < pos[ch].size(); ++i) { int res = solve(pos[ch][i] + 1, pos[ch][i + 1] - 1); acc_grundy[ch].push_back(acc_grundy[ch].back() ^ res); } } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; --l, --r; cout << (solve(l, r) != 0 ? "Alice" : "Bob") << '\n'; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize(3) #pragma GCC target("avx,sse2,sse3,sse4,mmx") #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("inline") #pragma GCC optimize("-fgcse") #pragma GCC optimize("-fgcse-lm") #pragma GCC optimize("-fipa-sra") #pragma GCC optimize("-ftree-pre") #pragma GCC optimize("-ftree-vrp") #pragma GCC optimize("-fpeephole2") #pragma GCC optimize("-ffast-math") #pragma GCC optimize("-fsched-spec") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #pragma GCC optimize("-falign-jumps") #pragma GCC optimize("-falign-loops") #pragma GCC optimize("-falign-labels") #pragma GCC optimize("-fdevirtualize") #pragma GCC optimize("-fcaller-saves") #pragma GCC optimize("-fcrossjumping") #pragma GCC optimize("-fthread-jumps") #pragma GCC optimize("-funroll-loops") #pragma GCC optimize("-fwhole-program") #pragma GCC optimize("-freorder-blocks") #pragma GCC optimize("-fschedule-insns") #pragma GCC optimize("inline-functions") #pragma GCC optimize("-ftree-tail-merge") #pragma GCC optimize("-fschedule-insns2") #pragma GCC optimize("-fstrict-aliasing") #pragma GCC optimize("-fstrict-overflow") #pragma GCC optimize("-falign-functions") #pragma GCC optimize("-fcse-skip-blocks") #pragma GCC optimize("-fcse-follow-jumps") #pragma GCC optimize("-fsched-interblock") #pragma GCC optimize("-fpartial-inlining") #pragma GCC optimize("no-stack-protector") #pragma GCC optimize("-freorder-functions") #pragma GCC optimize("-findirect-inlining") #pragma GCC optimize("-fhoist-adjacent-loads") #pragma GCC optimize("-frerun-cse-after-loop") #pragma GCC optimize("inline-small-functions") #pragma GCC optimize("-finline-small-functions") #pragma GCC optimize("-ftree-switch-conversion") #pragma GCC optimize("-foptimize-sibling-calls") #pragma GCC optimize("-fexpensive-optimizations") #pragma GCC optimize("-funsafe-loop-optimizations") #pragma GCC optimize("inline-functions-called-once") #pragma GCC optimize("-fdelete-null-pointer-checks") using namespace std; const int N = 100010; char s[N]; int m, n, f[N][26], L[N][26], rec[N], suff[N][26], pref[N][26]; int mex(int x) { int ret = 0; while (x & (1 << ret)) ++ret; return ret; } int calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; int g = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { int fi = f[l][j]; int la = L[r][j]; if (fi <= r) { int cc = rec[fi] ^ rec[la] ^ suff[l][j] ^ pref[r][j]; g |= 1 << cc; } } return mex(g); } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin >> (s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) L[i][j] = (s[i] == j + 'a' ? i : L[i - 1][j]); f[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) f[i][j] = (s[i] == j + 'a' ? i : f[i + 1][j]); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { rec[i] = rec[L[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']] ^ pref[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; for (int j = i; j > L[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; --j) suff[j][s[i] - 'a'] = calc(j, i - 1); vector<pair<int, int> > ans; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) if (L[i][j]) ans.emplace_back(L[i][j], j); sort(ans.rbegin(), ans.rend()); for (int j = 0; j < ans.size(); ++j) { int c = ans[j].second; pref[i][c] = calc(L[i][c] + 1, i); } } cin >> m; for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; cout << (calc(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob") << endl; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; inline int read() { int f = 1, ans = 0; char c = getchar(); while (c < '0' || c > '9') { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar(); } while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ans = ans * 10 + c - '0'; c = getchar(); } return f * ans; } const int MAXN = 1e5 + 11; char S[MAXN]; int N, f[MAXN][26], F[MAXN][26], g[MAXN], pre[MAXN][26], suf[MAXN][26], Vis[MAXN], Q; int calc(int L, int R) { if (L > R) return 0; int sta[28]; sta[0] = 0; for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { int l = suf[L][c], r = pre[R][c]; if (l > r) continue; int res = g[r] ^ g[l]; if (L <= l - 1) res ^= f[l - 1][S[L - 1] - 'a']; if (r + 1 <= R) { if (f[R][S[r] - 'a'] != -1) res ^= f[R][S[r] - 'a']; else { int x = calc(r + 1, R); res ^= x; f[R][S[r] - 'a'] = x; } } sta[++sta[0]] = res; } for (int i = 1; i <= sta[0]; i++) Vis[sta[i]] = 1; int ps = 0; while (Vis[ps]) ++ps; for (int i = 1; i <= sta[0]; i++) Vis[sta[i]] = 0; sta[0] = 0; return ps; } int Solve(int L, int R) { if (L > R) return 0; int sta[28]; sta[0] = 0; for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { int l = suf[L][c], r = pre[R][c]; if (l > r) continue; int res = g[r] ^ g[l]; if (L <= l - 1) { if (F[L][c] == -1) { int x = Solve(L, l - 1); F[L][c] = x; } res ^= F[L][c]; } if (r + 1 <= R) res ^= f[R][S[r] - 'a']; sta[++sta[0]] = res; } for (int i = 1; i <= sta[0]; i++) Vis[sta[i]] = 1; int ps = 0; while (Vis[ps]) ++ps; for (int i = 1; i <= sta[0]; i++) Vis[sta[i]] = 0; sta[0] = 0; return ps; } int main() { scanf("%s", S + 1); N = strlen(S + 1); Q = read(); for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][S[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) suf[N + 1][i] = N + 1; for (int i = N; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][S[i] - 'a'] = i; } S[0] = 'a'; memset(f, -1, sizeof(f)); for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { g[i] = g[pre[i - 1][S[i] - 'a']] ^ f[i - 1][S[i] - 'a']; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { if (f[i][j] != -1) continue; f[i][j] = calc(pre[i][j] + 1, i); } } memset(F, -1, sizeof(F)); while (Q--) { int l = read(), r = read(); if (Solve(l, r)) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int n; int dpr[100005][27], dpl[100005][27]; int posr[100005][27], posl[100005][27]; int tr[100005]; char s[100005]; void getr() { int now[27] = {0}; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { now[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) posr[i][j] = now[j]; } bool vis[32]; int ep[32]; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { int id = s[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) ep[i] = 0; for (int j = i + 1; j <= n; j++) { if (s[i] == s[j]) break; for (int f = 0; f < 32; f++) vis[f] = 0; for (int f = 0; f < 26; f++) { if (posr[j][f] > i && posr[j][f] <= j) { int k = 0; k ^= dpr[j][f]; k ^= ep[f]; vis[k] = 1; } } for (int f = 0; f < 26; f++) if (!vis[f]) { dpr[j][id] = f; break; } if (j < n) { int nid = s[j + 1] - 'a'; ep[nid] ^= posr[j][nid] > i ? dpr[j][nid] : dpr[j][id]; } } } } void getl() { int now[27]; for (int i = 0; i < 27; i++) now[i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { now[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) posl[i][j] = now[j]; } bool vis[32]; int ep[32]; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int id = s[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) ep[i] = 0; for (int j = i - 1; j >= 1; j--) { if (s[i] == s[j]) break; bool flag = 0; if (j == 5 && i == 6) flag = 1; for (int f = 0; f < 32; f++) vis[f] = 0; for (int f = 0; f < 26; f++) { if (posl[j][f] < i && posl[j][f] >= j) { int k = 0; k ^= dpl[j][f]; k ^= ep[f]; vis[k] = 1; } } for (int f = 0; f < 26; f++) if (!vis[f]) { dpl[j][id] = f; break; } if (j > 1) { int nid = s[j - 1] - 'a'; ep[nid] ^= posl[j][nid] < i ? dpl[j][nid] : dpl[j][id]; } } } } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); getr(); getl(); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int id = s[i] - 'a'; tr[i] = tr[posr[i - 1][id]] ^ dpr[i - 1][id]; } int m; for (scanf("%d", &m); m--;) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); bool flag = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (posr[r][i] >= l) { int k = 0; k ^= tr[posr[r][i]]; k ^= tr[posl[l][i]]; k ^= dpr[r][i]; k ^= dpl[l][i]; if (k == 0) { flag = 1; break; } } } if (flag) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MN = 1e5 + 5, ALP = 27; int n, m, pre[MN][ALP], suf[MN][ALP], f[MN][ALP], g[MN][ALP], h[MN][ALP]; pair<int, int> pos[MN]; char str[MN]; inline int calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; int ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { int nl = suf[l][i], nr = pre[r][i]; if (nl >= l && nr <= r && nr >= l) ret |= 1 << (f[nr][i] ^ f[nl][i] ^ g[l][i] ^ h[r][i]); } return __builtin_ctz(~ret); } int main() { scanf("%s", str + 1); n = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { str[i] -= 'a'; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][str[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { int c = str[i], l = pre[i - 1][c]; for (int j = i - 1; j > l; --j) g[j][c] = calc(j, i - 1); if (l > 0) f[i][c] = f[l][c] ^ calc(l + 1, i - 1); int cnt = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) if (pre[i][j] && j != c) pos[cnt++] = make_pair(pre[i][j], j); sort(pos, pos + cnt, greater<pair<int, int> >()); for (int j = 0; j < cnt; ++j) h[i][pos[j].second] = calc(pre[i][pos[j].second] + 1, i); } scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (calc(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char str[100010]; int f[100010][26 + 2], pre[100010][26], suf[100010][26], g[100010], n; int ans[26 + 2]; int dfs(int l, int r, int c, int fl) { if (l > r) return 0; if (ans[c] != -1) return ans[c]; int u = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int L = suf[l][i], R = pre[r][i]; if (R < l) continue; int s = g[L] ^ g[R]; if (!fl) s ^= f[L - 1][c] ^ dfs(R + 1, r, i, 0); else s ^= dfs(l, L - 1, i, 1) ^ f[r][i]; u |= 1 << s; } return ans[c] = __builtin_ctz(~u); } int main() { scanf("%s", str + 1); n = strlen(str + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][str[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][str[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int c = str[i] - 'a'; g[i] = f[i - 1][c] ^ g[pre[i - 1][c]]; memset(ans, -1, sizeof(ans)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) f[i][j] = dfs(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } int m; scanf("%d", &m); while (m-- > 0) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); memset(ans, -1, sizeof(ans)); if (dfs(l, r, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 1e5 + 10; int n, m, lpos[26][maxn], rpos[26][maxn], c[26][maxn], MaxL[maxn], g[maxn][26], h[maxn][26]; char s[maxn]; pair<int, int> Q[maxn]; vector<pair<int, int> > q; map<int, int> f[maxn]; bool vis[26]; inline int lowbit(int first) { return first & -first; } inline void add(int op, int pos, int val) { for (int i = pos; i <= n; i += lowbit(i)) c[op][i] ^= val; } inline int get(int op, int l, int r) { int sum = 0; for (int i = r; i > 0; i -= lowbit(i)) sum ^= c[op][i]; for (int i = l - 1; i > 0; i -= lowbit(i)) sum ^= c[op][i]; return sum; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); scanf("%d", &m); for (int i = (1), _end_ = (n); i <= _end_; ++i) { f[i][i] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, i)); MaxL[i] = i; } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (m); i <= _end_; ++i) { scanf("%d%d", &Q[i].first, &Q[i].second); MaxL[Q[i].second] = min(MaxL[Q[i].second], Q[i].first); if (!f[Q[i].first].count(Q[i].second)) { q.push_back(Q[i]); f[Q[i].first][Q[i].second] = 0; } } for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) rpos[i][n + 1] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { f[i][i - 1] = 0; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) rpos[j][i] = rpos[j][i + 1]; rpos[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) if (rpos[j][i] <= n && !f[i].count(rpos[j][i] - 1)) { f[i][rpos[j][i] - 1] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, rpos[j][i] - 1)); } } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (n); i <= _end_; ++i) { for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) lpos[j][i] = lpos[j][i - 1]; lpos[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) if (lpos[j][i] >= MaxL[i] && lpos[j][i] && !f[lpos[j][i] + 1].count(i)) { f[lpos[j][i] + 1][i] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(lpos[j][i] + 1, i)); } } sort(q.begin(), q.end(), [](pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { return a.first > b.first || (a.first == b.first && a.second - a.first < b.second - b.first); }); for (auto it : q) { if (it.first > it.second) continue; for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) vis[i] = false; for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) { int r = rpos[i][it.first], l = lpos[i][it.second]; if (r > it.second) continue; int first = g[it.first][i]; if (r < l) first ^= get(i, r, l - 1); first ^= h[it.second][i]; vis[first] = true; } for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) if (!vis[i]) { f[it.first][it.second] = i; break; } if (it.second < n && rpos[s[it.second + 1] - 'a'][it.first] == it.second + 1) g[it.first][s[it.second + 1] - 'a'] = f[it.first][it.second]; if (it.first > 1 && lpos[s[it.first - 1] - 'a'][it.second] == it.first - 1) h[it.second][s[it.first - 1] - 'a'] = f[it.first][it.second]; int c = s[it.first - 1] - 'a', pos = rpos[c][it.first]; if (it.first > 1 && s[it.first - 1] == s[it.second + 1] && rpos[c][it.first] == it.second + 1) add(s[it.first - 1] - 'a', it.first - 1, f[it.first][it.second]); } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (m); i <= _end_; ++i) if (f[Q[i].first][Q[i].second] > 0) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> const int maxn = 100010; char s[maxn]; int n, m, nxt[maxn][26], las[maxn][26]; char f[maxn][26], g[maxn], mem[27]; char calc(int l, int r, int c, bool ty) { if (mem[c] != -1) return mem[c]; int st = 0, t = 0; for (int d = 0; d < 26; d++) { int i = nxt[l][d], j = las[r][d]; if (i < r) st |= 1 << ((ty ? f[l][d] : calc(l, i, d, 0)) ^ g[i] ^ g[j] ^ (ty ? calc(j + 1, r, d, 1) : f[j + 1][c])); } while (st >> t & 1) t++; return mem[c] = t; } int main() { scanf("%s%d", s, &m); while (s[n]) s[n++] -= 97; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) las[i + 1][j] = j == s[i] ? i : las[i][j]; for (int i = 26; i--;) nxt[n][i] = n; for (int i = n, j; i--;) { j = nxt[i + 1][s[i]]; g[i] = f[i + 1][s[i]] ^ g[j]; for (j = 26; j--;) nxt[i][j] = j == s[i] ? i : nxt[i + 1][j], mem[j] = -1; for (j = 26; j--;) f[i][j] = calc(i, nxt[i][j], j, 0); } while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); for (int j = 27; j--;) mem[j] = -1; puts(calc(l - 1, r, 26, 1) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = 1e5 + 10; int n, m, lpos[26][maxn], rpos[26][maxn], c[26][maxn], MaxL[maxn], g[maxn][26], h[maxn][26]; char s[maxn]; pair<int, int> Q[maxn]; vector<pair<int, int> > q; map<int, int> f[maxn]; bool vis[26]; inline int lowbit(int first) { return first & -first; } inline void add(int op, int pos, int val) { for (int i = pos; i <= n; i += lowbit(i)) c[op][i] ^= val; } inline int get(int op, int l, int r) { int sum = 0; for (int i = r; i > 0; i -= lowbit(i)) sum ^= c[op][i]; for (int i = l - 1; i > 0; i -= lowbit(i)) sum ^= c[op][i]; return sum; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); scanf("%d", &m); for (int i = (1), _end_ = (n); i <= _end_; ++i) { f[i][i] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, i)); MaxL[i] = i; } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (m); i <= _end_; ++i) { scanf("%d%d", &Q[i].first, &Q[i].second); MaxL[Q[i].second] = min(MaxL[Q[i].second], Q[i].first); if (!f[Q[i].first].count(Q[i].second)) { q.push_back(Q[i]); f[Q[i].first][Q[i].second] = 0; } } for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) rpos[i][n + 1] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { f[i][i - 1] = 0; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) rpos[j][i] = rpos[j][i + 1]; rpos[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) if (rpos[j][i] <= n && !f[i].count(rpos[j][i] - 1)) { f[i][rpos[j][i] - 1] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, rpos[j][i] - 1)); } } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (n); i <= _end_; ++i) { for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) lpos[j][i] = lpos[j][i - 1]; lpos[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; for (int j = (0), _end_ = (25); j <= _end_; ++j) if (lpos[j][i] >= MaxL[i] && lpos[j][i] && !f[lpos[j][i] + 1].count(i)) { f[lpos[j][i] + 1][i] = 0; q.push_back(pair<int, int>(lpos[j][i] + 1, i)); } } sort(q.begin(), q.end(), [](pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { return a.first > b.first || (a.first == b.first && a.second - a.first < b.second - b.first); }); for (auto it : q) { if (it.first > it.second) continue; for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) vis[i] = false; for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) { int r = rpos[i][it.first], l = lpos[i][it.second]; if (r > it.second) continue; int first = g[it.first][i]; if (r < l) first ^= get(i, r, l - 1); first ^= h[it.second][i]; vis[first] = true; } for (int i = (0), _end_ = (25); i <= _end_; ++i) if (!vis[i]) { f[it.first][it.second] = i; break; } if (it.second < n && rpos[s[it.second + 1] - 'a'][it.first] == it.second + 1) g[it.first][s[it.second + 1] - 'a'] = f[it.first][it.second]; if (it.first > 1 && lpos[s[it.first - 1] - 'a'][it.second] == it.first - 1) h[it.second][s[it.first - 1] - 'a'] = f[it.first][it.second]; int c = s[it.first - 1] - 'a', pos = rpos[c][it.first]; if (it.first > 1 && s[it.first - 1] == s[it.second + 1] && rpos[c][it.first] == it.second + 1) add(s[it.first - 1] - 'a', it.first - 1, f[it.first][it.second]); } for (int i = (1), _end_ = (m); i <= _end_; ++i) if (f[Q[i].first][Q[i].second] > 0) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100100; inline int read() { char ch; while ((ch = getchar()) < '0' || ch > '9') ; int res = ch - '0'; while ((ch = getchar()) >= '0' && ch <= '9') res = res * 10 + ch - '0'; return res; } int n, Q, mem[27], pre[N][27], suf[N][27]; int f[N][27], g[N]; char s[N]; int mex(int x) { return __builtin_ctz(~x); } int solve(int l, int r, int c, int op) { if (l > r) return 0; if (mem[c] != -1) return mem[c]; int res = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int tl = suf[l][i], tr = pre[r][i]; if (tr >= l) res |= 1 << (g[tr] ^ g[tl] ^ (op ? solve(l, tl - 1, i, 1) : f[tl - 1][c]) ^ (op ? f[r][i] : solve(tr + 1, r, i, 0))); } return mem[c] = mex(res); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] -= 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); g[i] = f[i - 1][s[i]] ^ g[pre[i - 1][s[i]]]; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) f[i][j] = solve(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } Q = read(); while (Q--) { int l = read(), r = read(); memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); if (solve(l, r, 26, 1)) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> int read() { static int ch, x; while ((ch = getchar()) < 48) { } x = ch ^ 48; while ((ch = getchar()) >= 48) x = (((x << 2) + x) << 1) + (ch ^ 48); return x; } const int SIG = 27; char s[100010]; int a[100010], sum[100010]; int pre[100010][SIG], suf[100010][SIG], pans[100010][SIG], sans[100010][SIG]; bool vis[SIG]; std::pair<int, int> st[SIG + 1]; int main() { scanf("%s", s + 2); const int n = strlen(s + 2) + 2; s[1] = s[n] = 26 + 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { a[i] = s[i] - 'a'; for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { int top = 0; for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) { if (const int t = suf[i][j]) st[++top] = std::make_pair(t, j); } std::sort(st + 1, st + top + 1); const int t = suf[i + 1][a[i]]; if (t && t < n) { sum[i] = pans[i + 1][a[i]]; sum[i] ^= sum[t]; } for (int j = 1; j <= top; ++j) { const int pos = st[j].first, col = st[j].second; for (int k = 0; k < SIG; ++k) vis[k] = false; for (int k = 1; k < j; ++k) { const int p = st[k].second, u = pre[pos][p]; int res = pans[i][p] ^ sum[suf[i][p]] ^ sum[u] ^ pans[u + 1][col]; if (res < SIG) vis[res] = true; } int &res = pans[i][col]; while (res < SIG && vis[res]) ++res; } for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) if (!suf[i][j]) pans[i][j] = pans[i][SIG - 1]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { int top = 0; for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) { if (const int t = pre[i][j]) st[++top] = std::make_pair(t, j); } std::sort(st + 1, st + top + 1, std::greater<std::pair<int, int> >()); for (int j = 1; j <= top; ++j) { const int pos = st[j].first, col = st[j].second; for (int k = 0; k < SIG; ++k) vis[k] = false; for (int k = 1; k < j; ++k) { const int p = st[k].second, u = suf[pos][p]; int res = sans[i][p] ^ sum[pre[i][p]] ^ sum[u]; if (u <= n) res ^= sans[u - 1][col]; if (res < SIG) vis[res] = true; } int &res = sans[i][col]; while (res < SIG && vis[res]) ++res; } for (int j = 0; j < SIG; ++j) if (!pre[i][j]) sans[i][j] = sans[i][SIG - 1]; } for (int m = read(); m--;) { const int l = read() + 1, r = read() + 1; bool flag = false; for (int i = 0; i < SIG; ++i) { const int t = suf[l][i]; if (t && t <= r) { const int u = pre[r][i]; int res = pans[l][i] ^ sum[t] ^ sum[u] ^ sans[r][i]; if (!res) { flag = true; break; } } } puts(flag ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 5; int n, m, l, r, i, j, f[2][N][26], p[2][N][26], nn; char c[N]; struct B { int a[N + 999], b[999]; inline void mdy(int x, int v) { int y = --x >> 8, i; for (i = x & 255; i < 256; ++i) a[y << 8 | i] ^= v; for (i = y; i <= nn; ++i) b[i] ^= v; } inline int ask(int x) { int y = --x >> 8; return a[x] ^ (y ? b[y - 1] : 0); } } b[26]; struct node { int l, r, o, c; } a[N * 55]; int xb; inline int query(int l, int r) { if (l + 1 == r) return 0; static int buc[28]; memset(buc, 0, sizeof buc); int y, z, i; for (i = 0; i < 26; ++i) if (y = p[1][l][i], y && y < r) z = p[0][r][i], ++buc[f[1][l][i] ^ f[0][r][i] ^ (y == z ? 0 : b[i].ask(z) ^ b[i].ask(y))]; for (i = 0; buc[i]; ++i) ; return i; } int main() { scanf("%s%d", c + 1, &m); n = strlen(c + 1); nn = n - 1 >> 8; for (i = 2; i <= n + 1; ++i) { memcpy(p[0][i], p[0][i - 1], 104), p[0][i][c[i - 1] - 'a'] = i - 1; for (j = 0; j < 26; ++j) if (p[0][i][j]) a[++xb] = (node){p[0][i][j], i, 0, j}; } for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) { memcpy(p[1][i], p[1][i + 1], 104), p[1][i][c[i + 1] - 'a'] = i + 1; for (j = 0; j < 26; ++j) if (p[1][i][j]) a[++xb] = (node){i, p[1][i][j], 1, j}; } sort(a + 1, a + xb + 1, [&](const node& a, const node& b) { return a.r - a.l < b.r - b.l; }); memset(f, -1, sizeof f); for (i = 1; i <= xb; ++i) { if (1 <= a[i].l && a[i].r <= n && c[a[i].l] == c[a[i].r]) { int &x = f[1][a[i].l][a[i].c], &y = f[0][a[i].r][a[i].c]; if (x != -1) { y = x; continue; } if (y != -1) { x = y; continue; } } int& v = a[i].o == 1 ? f[1][a[i].l][a[i].c] : f[0][a[i].r][a[i].c]; v = query(a[i].l, a[i].r); if (1 <= a[i].l && a[i].r <= n && c[a[i].l] == c[a[i].r]) b[c[a[i].l] - 'a'].mdy(a[i].r, v); } for (; m--;) scanf("%d%d", &l, &r), puts(query(l - 1, r + 1) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long gcd(long long a, long long b) { return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b); } const int MAXLEN = 100000; const int MAXQ = 100000; const int ALPH = 26; const int MAXVAL = 31; char s[MAXLEN + 1]; int slen; int nq; int ql[MAXQ], qr[MAXQ], qans[MAXQ]; int nxt[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int prv[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; vector<int> need[MAXLEN]; vector<int> dp[MAXLEN]; int fstval[MAXLEN]; int suffval[MAXLEN + 1]; int nxtval[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int prvval[MAXLEN + 1][ALPH]; int mark[MAXVAL + 1], curmark; void solve() { for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { nxt[slen][k] = slen; for (int i = slen - 1; i >= 0; --i) nxt[i][k] = s[i] == 'a' + k ? i : nxt[i + 1][k]; } for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { prv[0][k] = -1; for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) prv[i + 1][k] = s[i] == 'a' + k ? i : prv[i][k]; } for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) need[i].clear(); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) need[ql[i]].push_back(qr[i]); for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) if (nxt[i][k] != i) need[i].push_back(nxt[i][k] - 1); for (int i = (1); i <= (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) if (prv[i][k] != -1) need[prv[i][k] + 1].push_back(i - 1); for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) { sort(need[i].begin(), need[i].end()); need[i].erase(unique(need[i].begin(), need[i].end()), need[i].end()); } for (int i = (0); i < (slen); ++i) fstval[i] = suffval[i] = -1; suffval[slen] = 0; for (int i = (0); i <= (slen); ++i) for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) nxtval[i][k] = prvval[i][k] = -1; memset(mark, -1, sizeof(mark)); curmark = -1; for (int l = slen - 1; l >= 0; --l) { fstval[l] = nxt[l + 1][s[l] - 'a'] == slen ? suffval[l + 1] : s[l + 1] == s[l] ? fstval[l + 1] : (nxtval[l + 1][s[l] - 'a'] ^ fstval[nxt[l + 1][s[l] - 'a']]); dp[l].resize(((int)(need[l]).size())); for (int i = (0); i < (((int)(need[l]).size())); ++i) { int r = need[l][i]; ++curmark; for (int k = (0); k < (ALPH); ++k) { if (nxt[l][k] > r) continue; int L = nxt[l][k], R = prv[r + 1][k]; assert(l <= L && L <= R && R <= r && s[L] == 'a' + k && s[R] == 'a' + k); int kval = fstval[L] ^ fstval[R]; if (L != l) { assert(nxtval[l][k] != -1); kval ^= nxtval[l][k]; } if (R != r) { assert(prvval[r + 1][k] != -1); kval ^= prvval[r + 1][k]; } mark[kval] = curmark; } int curval = 0; while (mark[curval] == curmark) ++curval; dp[l][i] = curval; if (r + 1 < slen && nxt[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] == r + 1) nxtval[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] = curval; if (l - 1 >= 0 && prv[r + 1][s[l - 1] - 'a'] == l - 1) prvval[r + 1][s[l - 1] - 'a'] = curval; if (r + 1 == slen) suffval[l] = curval; } } for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) { int l = ql[i], r = qr[i]; int idx = lower_bound(need[l].begin(), need[l].end(), r) - need[l].begin(); assert(idx < ((int)(need[l]).size()) && need[l][idx] == r); qans[i] = dp[l][idx]; } } void run() { scanf("%s", s); slen = strlen(s); scanf("%d", &nq); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) scanf("%d%d", &ql[i], &qr[i]), --ql[i], --qr[i]; solve(); for (int i = (0); i < (nq); ++i) printf("%s\n", qans[i] != 0 ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } int main() { run(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int get() { char ch; while (ch = getchar(), (ch < '0' || ch > '9') && ch != '-') ; if (ch == '-') { int s = 0; while (ch = getchar(), ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') s = s * 10 + ch - '0'; return -s; } int s = ch - '0'; while (ch = getchar(), ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') s = s * 10 + ch - '0'; return s; } const int N = 1e5 + 5; int n, m; char s[N]; struct section { int l, r, c, id; section(const int l_ = 0, const int r_ = 0, const int c_ = 0, const int id_ = 0) { l = l_; r = r_; c = c_; id = id_; } } sec[N * 52], tmp[N * 52]; int k; int pc[N][26], nc[N][26]; int pv[N][26], nv[N][26], pre[N]; int w[50]; int cnt[N]; bool bz[30]; int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { w[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) pc[i][c] = w[c]; } for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) w[i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { w[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) nc[i][c] = w[c]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) { cnt[i - pc[i][c]]++; cnt[nc[i][c] - i]++; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) cnt[i] += cnt[i - 1]; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) { tmp[cnt[i - pc[i][c]]--] = section(pc[i][c] + 1, i, c, i); tmp[cnt[nc[i][c] - i]--] = section(i, nc[i][c] - 1, c, -i); k += 2; } } for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) cnt[i] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) cnt[tmp[i].r]++; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) cnt[i] += cnt[i - 1]; for (int i = k; i >= 1; i--) sec[cnt[tmp[i].r]--] = tmp[i]; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) { section u = sec[i]; int l = u.l, r = u.r; for (int c = 0; c <= 26; c++) bz[c] = 0; if (l <= r) for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) { int L = nc[l][c], R = pc[r][c]; if (L && R <= n && L <= R) { int tmp = pre[R] ^ pre[L] ^ pv[r][c] ^ nv[l][c]; if (tmp <= 26) bz[tmp] = 1; } } int ret = 0; while (bz[ret]) ret++; if (u.id > 0) { pv[r][u.c] = ret; if (r < n && s[r + 1] - 'a' == u.c) pre[r + 1] = pre[pc[r][u.c]] ^ ret; } else nv[l][u.c] = ret; } m = get(); for (int cas = 1; cas <= m; cas++) { int l = get(), r = get(); for (int c = 0; c <= 26; c++) bz[c] = 0; for (int c = 0; c <= 25; c++) { int L = nc[l][c], R = pc[r][c]; if (L <= R) { int tmp = pre[R] ^ pre[L] ^ pv[r][c] ^ nv[l][c]; if (tmp <= 26) bz[tmp] = 1; } } if (bz[0]) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; long long qpow(long long x, long long k, long long mod) { long long ret = 1; while (k) { if (k & 1) { ret = ret * x; ret = ret % mod; } x = x * x; x = x % mod; k = (k >> 1); } return ret; } const int Maxn = 1e5 + 5; char s[Maxn]; int n; int pre[Maxn][26], nxt[Maxn][26]; int sum[Maxn], lsum[Maxn][26], rsum[Maxn][26]; bool flag[26]; int grundy(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; memset(flag, false, sizeof(flag)); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int p1 = nxt[l][i], p2 = pre[r][i]; if (p1 > p2) continue; int val = (rsum[l][i] ^ sum[p2] ^ sum[p1] ^ lsum[r][i]); flag[val] = true; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!flag[i]) return i; return 26; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) s[i] -= 'a'; s[0] = s[n + 1] = -1; vector<pair<int, int> > seg; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[0][j] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { pre[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : pre[i - 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, -pre[i][j] - 1)); } } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = (j == s[i]) ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]; seg.push_back(pair<int, int>(nxt[i][j] - 1, -i)); } } sort((seg).begin(), (seg).end()); seg.resize(unique((seg).begin(), (seg).end()) - seg.begin()); for (auto v : seg) { int l = -v.second, r = v.first; int x = grundy(l, r); if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && s[r + 1] >= 0 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) { sum[r + 1] = (sum[l - 1] ^ x); } if (s[l - 1] >= 0 && pre[r][s[l - 1]] == l - 1) { lsum[r][s[l - 1]] = x; } if (s[r + 1] >= 0 && nxt[l][s[r + 1]] == r + 1) { rsum[l][s[r + 1]] = x; } } int q; scanf("%d", &q); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (grundy(l, r)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int INF = 0x3fffffff; const int SINF = 0x7fffffff; const long long LINF = 0x3fffffffffffffff; const long long SLINF = 0x7fffffffffffffff; const int MAXN = 100007; const int BASE = 26; int n, q; char s[MAXN]; int cl[MAXN][BASE], cr[MAXN][BASE], prv[BASE]; int dp[2][MAXN][BASE]; int ps[MAXN][BASE], rps[MAXN][BASE]; bool used[BASE + 1]; int ord[BASE]; int ql, qr; void init(); void input(); void inputq(); void work(); int main() { init(); input(); work(); } void init() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); } void input() { scanf("%s", s + 1); scanf("%d", &q); } void inputq() { scanf("%d%d", &ql, &qr); } void work() { n = strlen(s + 1); memset(prv, 0, sizeof(prv)); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { prv[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) cl[i][j] = prv[j]; } for (int i = 0; i < BASE; ++i) prv[i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i > 0; --i) { prv[s[i] - 'a'] = i; for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) cr[i][j] = prv[j]; } int cp, cc, pl, pr; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) ps[i][j] = ps[i - 1][j]; ps[i][s[i] - 'a'] ^= dp[0][i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) ord[j] = j; sort(ord, ord + BASE, [&](int x, int y) { return cl[i][x] > cl[i][y]; }); for (int _j = 0; _j < BASE; ++_j) { int j = ord[_j]; memset(used, false, sizeof(used)); for (int _k = 0; _k < _j; ++_k) { int k = ord[_k]; if (cl[i][k] > cl[i][j]) { cp = cl[i][j]; pl = cr[cp + 1][k]; pr = cl[i][k]; cc = dp[0][i][k] ^ ps[pr][k] ^ ps[pl][k] ^ dp[0][pl - 1][j]; used[cc] = true; } } for (int k = 0; k <= BASE; ++k) { if (!used[k]) { dp[0][i][j] = k; break; } } } } for (int i = n; i > 0; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) rps[i][j] = rps[i + 1][j]; rps[i][s[i] - 'a'] ^= dp[1][i + 1][s[i] - 'a']; for (int j = 0; j < BASE; ++j) ord[j] = j; sort(ord, ord + BASE, [&](int x, int y) { return cr[i][x] < cr[i][y]; }); for (int _j = 0; _j < BASE; ++_j) { int j = ord[_j]; dp[1][i][j] = 0; memset(used, false, sizeof(used)); for (int _k = 0; _k < _j; ++_k) { int k = ord[_k]; if (cr[i][k] < cr[i][j]) { cp = cr[i][j]; pr = cl[cp - 1][k]; pl = cr[i][k]; cc = dp[1][i][k] ^ rps[pl][k] ^ rps[pr][k] ^ dp[1][pr + 1][j]; used[cc] = true; } } for (int k = 0; k <= BASE; ++k) { if (!used[k]) { dp[1][i][j] = k; break; } } } } bool flag; for (int _q = 0; _q < q; ++_q) { inputq(); flag = false; for (int i = 0; i < BASE; ++i) { pl = cr[ql][i], pr = cl[qr][i]; if (pr >= ql) { cc = ps[pr][i] ^ ps[pl][i] ^ dp[0][qr][i] ^ dp[1][ql][i]; if (!cc) { flag = true; break; } } } printf(flag ? "Alice\n" : "Bob\n"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MAXN = 100100; const int ALPHA = 26; int N, Q; string S; int cnext[MAXN][ALPHA]; int cprev[MAXN][ALPHA]; int pref[MAXN][ALPHA]; int suff[MAXN][ALPHA]; int pxor[MAXN]; int ssolve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < ALPHA; i++) { int cfirst = cnext[l][i], clast = cprev[r][i]; if (cfirst > r) continue; if (pref[l][i] == -1) pref[l][i] = ssolve(l, cfirst - 1); if (suff[r][i] == -1) suff[r][i] = ssolve(clast + 1, r); int res = pxor[cfirst] ^ pxor[clast] ^ pref[l][i] ^ suff[r][i]; mask |= (1 << res); } int ans = 0; while (mask & (1 << ans)) ans++; return ans; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin >> S; N = S.length(); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) for (int j = 0; j < ALPHA; j++) pref[i][j] = suff[i][j] = -1; for (int i = 0; i < ALPHA; i++) { cnext[N - 1][i] = N; cprev[0][i] = -1; } for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { if (i > 0) for (int j = 0; j < ALPHA; j++) cprev[i][j] = cprev[i - 1][j]; cprev[i][S[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = N - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (i < N - 1) for (int j = 0; j < ALPHA; j++) cnext[i][j] = cnext[i + 1][j]; cnext[i][S[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) { int ploc = cprev[i - 1][S[i] - 'a']; if (ploc >= 0) pxor[i] = pxor[ploc] ^ ssolve(ploc + 1, i - 1); } cin >> Q; for (int i = 0; i < Q; i++) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; l--, r--; if (ssolve(l, r)) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100000 + 5; int n, q; int sum[N]; int pre[26][N], suf[26][N]; int pref[26][N], suff[26][N]; bool vis[27]; char s[N]; int solve(int l, int r) { for (int c = 0; c <= 26; c++) { vis[c] = false; } for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { if (suf[c][l] <= r) { int x = suf[c][l], y = pre[c][r]; vis[suff[c][l] ^ sum[x] ^ sum[y] ^ pref[c][r]] = true; } } for (int i = 0;; i++) { if (!vis[i]) { return i; } } } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { pre[c][i] = pre[c][i - 1]; } pre[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; } for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { suf[c][n + 1] = n + 1; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { suf[c][i] = suf[c][i + 1]; } suf[s[i] - 'a'][i] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int cc = s[i] - 'a'; if (pre[cc][i - 1]) { sum[i] = sum[pre[cc][i - 1]] ^ pref[cc][i - 1]; } for (int j = i - 1; j > pre[cc][i - 1]; j--) { suff[cc][j] = solve(j, i - 1); } vector<pair<int, int>> todo; for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { if (pre[c][i]) { todo.push_back(make_pair(pre[c][i], c)); } } sort(todo.begin(), todo.end(), greater<pair<int, int>>()); for (auto p : todo) { int c = p.second; if (pre[c][i] + 1 <= i) { pref[c][i] = solve(pre[c][i] + 1, i); } } } scanf("%d", &q); while (q--) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); printf("%s\n", solve(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char s[100100], vs[100]; int lstp[100], a[100]; int Q, g[100100], f[100100][30], nxt[100100][30], pre[100100][30], n, dp[50]; int cal(int l, int r, int c, int tg) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~dp[c]) return dp[c]; int st = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { int _l = nxt[l][i], _r = pre[r][i]; if (_l < r) st |= 1 << ((tg ? f[l][i] : cal(l, _l, i, 0)) ^ g[_l] ^ g[_r] ^ (!tg ? f[_r + 1][c] : cal(_r + 1, r, i, 1))); } return dp[c] = __builtin_ctz(~st); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int j = n + 1; j >= 0; --j) for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) nxt[j][i] = (s[j] == 'a' + i || j > n ? j : nxt[j + 1][i]); for (int j = 0; j <= n + 1; ++j) for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) pre[j][i] = (s[j] == 'a' + i || j < 1 ? j : pre[j - 1][i]); for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) { memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp)); g[i] = f[i + 1][s[i] - 'a'] ^ g[nxt[i + 1][s[i] - 'a']]; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) f[i][j] = cal(i, nxt[i][j], j, 0); } scanf("%d", &Q); for (int i = 1, l, r; i <= Q; ++i) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp)); if (cal(l, r + 1, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 1e5 + 5; int n, pre[N][27], suf[N][27], pf[N][27], sf[N][27]; bool jip[N][27], jis[N][27], ji[N][27]; char c[N]; inline int read() { int x = 0, f = 1; char c = getchar(); while (!isdigit(c)) { if (c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar(); } while (isdigit(c)) { x = (x << 1) + (x << 3) + (c ^ 48); c = getchar(); } return f == 1 ? x : -x; } inline int solve(int, int, int); inline int xhz(int l, int r, int dep, int i) { if (jis[l][i]) return sf[l][i]; sf[l][i] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); jis[l][i] = 1; return sf[l][i]; } inline int xqz(int l, int r, int dep, int i) { if (jip[r][i]) return pf[r][i]; pf[r][i] = solve(l, r, dep + 1); jip[r][i] = 1; return pf[r][i]; } inline int solve(int l, int r, int dep) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l == r) return 1; memset(ji[dep], 0, sizeof(ji[dep])); for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) { int zuo = suf[l][i], you = pre[r][i]; if (zuo > you) continue; int ans = pf[you][i] ^ pf[zuo][i]; if (zuo != l) ans ^= xhz(l, zuo - 1, dep, i); if (you != r) ans ^= xqz(you + 1, r, dep, i); ji[dep][ans] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) if (ji[dep][i] == 0) return i; return 26; } int main() { scanf("%s", c + 1); n = strlen(c + 1); for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][c[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][c[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (pre[i - 1][c[i] - 'a']) { int hu = c[i] - 'a'; if (pre[i - 1][hu] + 1 > i - 1) pf[i][hu] = pf[pre[i - 1][hu]][hu]; else pf[i][hu] = pf[i - 1][hu] ^ pf[pre[i - 1][hu]][hu]; jip[i][hu] = 1; } for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) { if (jip[i][j] || pre[i][j] == 0) continue; pf[i][j] = solve(pre[i][j] + 1, i, 0); jip[i][j] = 1; } } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { if (suf[i + 1][c[i] - 'a'] != n + 1) { int hu = c[i] - 'a'; if (suf[i + 1][hu] - 1 < i + 1) sf[i][hu] = sf[suf[i + 1][hu]][hu]; else sf[i][hu] = sf[i + 1][hu] ^ sf[suf[i + 1][hu]][hu]; jis[i][hu] = 1; } for (int j = 0; j <= 25; j++) { if (jis[i][j] || suf[i][j] == n + 1) continue; sf[i][j] = solve(i, suf[i][j] - 1, 0); jis[i][j] = 1; } } int q = read(); for (int i = 1, x, y; i <= q; i++) { x = read(); y = read(); if (solve(x, y, 0)) cout << "Alice\n"; else cout << "Bob\n"; } return (0 - 0); }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char s[100011]; int n; int nxt[100011][26]; int prv[100011][26]; int lft[100011][26]; int rgt[100011][26]; int xo[100011][26]; inline int ch(char a) { return a - 'a'; } vector<int> vp[100011]; int vst[1111]; int runs; inline int grundy(int l, int r) { runs++; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int L = nxt[l][i]; int R = prv[r][i]; if (L > R) continue; int tmp = rgt[l][i] ^ lft[r][i]; tmp ^= xo[L + 1][i] ^ xo[R + 1][i]; vst[tmp] = runs; } for (int i = 0;; i++) if (vst[i] != runs) return i; } vector<int> vec[26]; void pre() { n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { prv[i][j] = prv[i - 1][j]; } prv[i][ch(s[i])] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; } nxt[i][ch(s[i])] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { int ed = nxt[i][j]; if (ed == n + 1) continue; if (ed == i) continue; vp[i].push_back(ed - 1); } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { int st = prv[i][j]; if (st == 0 or st == i) continue; vp[st + 1].push_back(i); } } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) vec[ch(s[i])].push_back(i); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { for (int j = 0; j + 1 < vec[i].size(); j++) { int l = vec[i][j], r = vec[i][j + 1]; vp[l + 1].push_back(r - 1); } } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { sort(vp[i].begin(), vp[i].end()); vp[i].erase(unique(vp[i].begin(), vp[i].end()), vp[i].end()); } for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < ((int)vp[i].size()); j++) { int l = i, r = vp[i][j]; int g = grundy(l, r); if (r < n and nxt[l][ch(s[r + 1])] == r + 1) { rgt[l][ch(s[r + 1])] = g; } if (l > 1 and prv[r][ch(s[l - 1])] == l - 1) { lft[r][ch(s[l - 1])] = g; } if (l > 1 and r < n and s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) { xo[l][ch(s[l - 1])] = g ^ xo[r + 2][ch(s[l - 1])]; } } } } void solve() { scanf("%s", s + 1); int q; cin >> q; pre(); while (q--) { int l, r, g; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); g = grundy(l, r); if (g) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } } int main() { solve(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100005; char s[N]; int n, a[N], pre[N][26], suf[N][26]; int f[N][26], g[N], mem[27]; inline int mex(int st) { return __builtin_ctz(~st); } int calc(int l, int r, int c, int fl) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~mem[c]) return mem[c]; int st = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) { int ll = suf[l][j], rr = pre[r][j]; if (rr >= l) st |= 1 << (g[rr] ^ g[ll] ^ (!fl ? f[ll - 1][c] : calc(l, ll - 1, j, 1)) ^ (fl ? f[r][j] : calc(rr + 1, r, j, 0))); } return mem[c] = mex(st); } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin >> (s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) a[i] = s[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i > 0; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { g[i] = f[i - 1][a[i]] ^ g[pre[i - 1][a[i]]]; memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) f[i][j] = calc(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); if (calc(l, r, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma warning(disable : 4996) #pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:3336777216") using namespace std; int IT_MAX = 1 << 19; const long long MOD = 1000000007; const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f; const long long LL_INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double PI = acos(-1); const double ERR = 1e-10; int bit[26][100050]; void update(int x, int p, int v) { for (; p <= 100000; p += p & (-p)) bit[x][p] ^= v; } int getsum(int x, int p) { int rv = 0; for (; p; p -= p & (-p)) rv ^= bit[x][p]; return rv; } char in[100050]; int nxt[100050][26]; int prv[100050][26]; int dpl[100050][26]; int dpr[100050][26]; vector<pair<int, int> > Vl; bool mycmp(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { if (a.first != b.first) return a.first > b.first; return a.second < b.second; } vector<int> Vp[26]; bool grchk[30]; int getgr(int S, int E) { memset(grchk, 0, sizeof(grchk)); int i; for (i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (nxt[S][i] > E) continue; int p1 = nxt[S][i]; int p2 = prv[E][i]; int gr = dpr[S][i] ^ dpl[E][i]; if (p1 < p2) { gr ^= getsum(i, p2 - 1); gr ^= getsum(i, p1 - 1); } grchk[gr] = true; } for (i = 0;; i++) if (!grchk[i]) return i; } int DEBUG = 0; int main() { if (!DEBUG) scanf("%s", in + 1); else { srand(132132); for (int i = 1; i <= 100000; i++) in[i] = rand() % 26 + 'a'; } int N = strlen(in + 1), i, j; for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) prv[i][j] = prv[i - 1][j]; prv[i][in[i] - 'a'] = i; for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) { if (in[i] - 'a' == j) continue; if (prv[i][j] == 0) continue; Vl.emplace_back(prv[i][j] + 1, i); } } for (i = 0; i < 26; i++) nxt[N + 1][i] = N + 1; for (i = N; i >= 1; i--) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; nxt[i][in[i] - 'a'] = i; for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) { if (in[i] - 'a' == j) continue; if (nxt[i][j] == N + 1) continue; Vl.emplace_back(i, nxt[i][j] - 1); } } for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) Vp[in[i] - 'a'].push_back(i); for (i = 0; i < 26; i++) { for (j = 0; j + 1 < Vp[i].size(); j++) { int t1 = Vp[i][j], t2 = Vp[i][j + 1]; if (t1 + 1 != t2) Vl.emplace_back(t1 + 1, t2 - 1); } } sort((Vl).begin(), (Vl).end(), mycmp); Vl.erase(unique((Vl).begin(), (Vl).end()), Vl.end()); int cnt = 0; for (auto it : Vl) { cnt++; memset(grchk, 0, sizeof(grchk)); int S = it.first, E = it.second; i = getgr(S, E); if (S != 1 && E != N && in[S - 1] == in[E + 1]) update(in[S - 1] - 'a', S - 1, i); if (E != N && nxt[S][in[E + 1] - 'a'] == E + 1) dpr[S][in[E + 1] - 'a'] = i; if (S != 1 && prv[E][in[S - 1] - 'a'] == S - 1) dpl[E][in[S - 1] - 'a'] = i; } int Q; if (!DEBUG) scanf("%d", &Q); else Q = 100000; while (Q--) { int S, E; if (!DEBUG) scanf("%d %d", &S, &E); else { S = rand() % 100000 + 1; E = rand() % 100000 + 1; if (S > E) swap(S, E); } if (!getgr(S, E) && !DEBUG) printf("Bob\n"); else if (!DEBUG) printf("Alice\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100005; int n, m, lst[26], pre[N][26], nxt[N][26], sgl[N][26], sgr[N][26], sum[N]; char s[N]; int sol(int l, int r) { int num = 0; for (int i = (0); i <= (25); ++i) { if (nxt[l - 1][i] <= r) { num |= 1 << (sgr[l][i] ^ sgl[r][i] ^ sum[pre[r + 1][i]] ^ sum[nxt[l - 1][i]]); } } for (int i = (0); i <= (26); ++i) if (~num >> i & 1) return i; assert(0); return 0; } int main() { scanf("%s%d", s + 1, &m), n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = (1); i <= (n); ++i) memcpy(pre[i], lst, sizeof(lst)), lst[s[i] - 'a'] = i; memcpy(pre[n + 1], lst, sizeof(lst)); fill(lst, lst + 26, n + 1); for (int i = (n); i >= (1); --i) memcpy(nxt[i], lst, sizeof(lst)), lst[s[i] - 'a'] = i; memcpy(nxt[0], lst, sizeof(lst)); for (int i = (1); i <= (n); ++i) { sum[i] = sum[pre[i][s[i] - 'a']] ^ sgl[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; vector<pair<int, int> > ned; for (int j = (0); j <= (25); ++j) if (s[i] - 'a' != j && pre[i][j]) ned.emplace_back(pre[i][j] + 1, 0); if (i != n) for (int j = (pre[i + 1][s[i + 1] - 'a'] + 1); j <= (i); ++j) ned.emplace_back(j, 1); sort(ned.rbegin(), ned.rend()); for (auto x : ned) { int cur = sol(x.first, i); if (x.second == 1) sgr[x.first][s[i + 1] - 'a'] = cur; else if (x.first - 1) sgl[i][s[x.first - 1] - 'a'] = cur; } } for (int i = (1); i <= (m); ++i) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); printf("%s\n", sol(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 2e5; const int M = 32; int n, q, res; char st[N]; int pre[N][M], nxt[N][M], prf[N][M], nxf[N][M]; int num[M], val[N], o[M]; int main() { scanf("%s", st + 1); n = strlen(st + 1); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[1][j] = 0; for (int i = 2; i <= n + 1; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][st[i - 1] - 'a'] = i - 1; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nxt[n][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n - 1; ~i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; nxt[i][st[i + 1] - 'a'] = i + 1; } for (int i = 2; i <= n + 1; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + 26, [=](int a, int b) { return pre[i][a] > pre[i][b]; }); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { for (int k = 0; k < 32; ++k) num[k] = 0; for (int k = 0; k < j; ++k) if (pre[i][o[k]]) num[prf[i][o[k]] ^ val[pre[i][o[k]]] ^ val[nxt[pre[i][o[j]]][o[k]]] ^ prf[nxt[pre[i][o[j]]][o[k]]][o[j]]] = 1; int p = 0; while (num[p]) p++; prf[i][o[j]] = p; } val[i] = val[pre[i][st[i] - 'a']] ^ prf[i][st[i] - 'a']; } for (int i = n - 1; ~i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + 26, [=](int a, int b) { return nxt[i][a] < nxt[i][b]; }); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { for (int k = 0; k < 32; ++k) num[k] = 0; for (int k = 0; k < j; ++k) if (nxt[i][o[k]] != n + 1) num[prf[nxt[i][o[j]]][o[k]] ^ val[pre[nxt[i][o[j]]][o[k]]] ^ val[nxt[i][o[k]]] ^ nxf[i][o[k]]] = 1; int p = 0; while (num[p]) p++; nxf[i][o[j]] = p; } } scanf("%d", &q); while (q--) { int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); for (int j = 0; j < 32; ++j) num[j] = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) if (l <= pre[r + 1][j]) num[prf[r + 1][j] ^ val[pre[r + 1][j]] ^ val[nxt[l - 1][j]] ^ nxf[l - 1][j]] = 1; int p = 0; while (num[p]) p++; if (p) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize("O3") #pragma GCC target("sse4") using namespace std; template <class T, int size> struct fenwick { T a[size]; void set(int pos, const T& val) { while (pos < size) { a[pos] ^= val; pos += pos & -pos; } } T sum(int pos) { T ret = T(); while (pos > 0) { ret ^= a[pos]; pos -= pos & -pos; } return ret; } int get(int l, int r) { return sum(r) ^ sum(l - 1); } }; fenwick<uint8_t, 100005> drvo[27]; int n; string s; int levi_pos[100005][27], desni_pos[100005][27]; int pos[27][100005], sz[27]; int t[27]; int mex(int mask) { return __builtin_ctz(~mask); } struct hash_node { unsigned long long hash; int val; }; struct my_hash_table { hash_node a[16777216 / 2 + 10000]; void set(unsigned long long hash, int val) { int pos = hash & 0x7fffff; while (a[pos].hash) pos++; a[pos].hash = hash; a[pos].val = val; } int get(unsigned long long hash) { int pos = hash & 0x7fffff; while (a[pos].hash && a[pos].hash != hash) pos++; if (a[pos].hash == 0) return -1; return a[pos].val; } } ans_cache; set<int> unsolved[27]; int resi(int l, int r) { unsigned long long hash = (l * 44312566316561ull + r * 23982987381143481ull); { auto it = ans_cache.get(hash); if (it != -1) return it; } int mex_mask = 0; for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { int xl = desni_pos[l][x]; int xr = levi_pos[r][x]; if (xl > xr) continue; int unutra_val = 0; while (xl < xr) { auto it = unsolved[x].lower_bound(xl + 1); if (it != unsolved[x].end() && *it <= xr) { int ql = *it; int qr = desni_pos[ql][x] - 1; int ans; if (ql <= qr) { ans = resi(ql, qr); } else { ans = 0; } drvo[x].set(ql, ans); unsolved[x].erase(it); } else { unutra_val ^= drvo[x].get(xl + 1, xr); break; } } if (xl > l) unutra_val ^= resi(l, xl - 1); if (xr < r) unutra_val ^= resi(xr + 1, r); mex_mask |= 1 << (int)unutra_val; } int mmm = mex(mex_mask); ans_cache.set(hash, mmm); return mmm; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); cout.tie(nullptr); cerr.tie(nullptr); cin >> s; n = s.size(); s = string("{") + s + string("{"); fill(t, t + 27, -123123123); for (int i = 0; i <= n + 1; i++) { t[s[i] - 'a'] = i; copy(t, t + 27, levi_pos[i]); } fill(t, t + 27, 123123123); for (int i = n + 1; i >= 0; i--) { t[s[i] - 'a'] = i; copy(t, t + 27, desni_pos[i]); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int x = s[i] - 'a'; pos[x][sz[x]++] = i; } for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { for (int i = 0; i < sz[x] - 1; i++) { int xl = pos[x][i] + 1; unsolved[x].insert(xl); } } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; cout << (resi(l, r) ? "Alice\n" : "Bob\n"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int inf = 1e9; const long long Inf = 1e18; const int N = 1e5 + 10; const int mod = 0; int gi() { int x = 0, o = 1; char ch = getchar(); while ((ch < '0' || ch > '9') && ch != '-') ch = getchar(); if (ch == '-') o = -1, ch = getchar(); while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') x = x * 10 + ch - '0', ch = getchar(); return x * o; } template <typename T> bool chkmax(T &a, T b) { return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0; }; template <typename T> bool chkmin(T &a, T b) { return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0; }; int add(int a, int b) { return a + b >= mod ? a + b - mod : a + b; } int sub(int a, int b) { return a - b < 0 ? a - b + mod : a - b; } void inc(int &a, int b) { a = (a + b >= mod ? a + b - mod : a + b); } void dec(int &a, int b) { a = (a - b < 0 ? a - b + mod : a - b); } int n, m, pre[N][26], nxt[N][26], sum[N], psum[N][26], ssum[N][26]; char s[N]; pair<int, int> st[N]; int top = 0; bool vis[30]; int sg(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis)); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (nxt[l][i] <= r) { int x = nxt[l][i], y = pre[r][i]; vis[ssum[l][i] ^ psum[r][i] ^ sum[y] ^ sum[x]] = 1; } for (int i = 0;; i++) if (!vis[i]) return i; } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); cin >> m; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) nxt[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[i][j] = nxt[i + 1][j]; nxt[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']) sum[i] = sum[pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']] ^ psum[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; for (int j = i - 1; j > pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; j--) ssum[j][s[i] - 'a'] = sg(j, i - 1); top = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) st[++top] = make_pair(pre[i][j], j); sort(st + 1, st + top + 1, greater<pair<int, int> >()); for (int j = 1; j <= top; j++) psum[i][st[j].second] = sg(st[j].first + 1, i); } for (int i = 1, l, r; i <= m; i++) { l = gi(), r = gi(); puts(sg(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100005; int n, m, sum[N], pre[N][26], suf[N][26], pref[N][26], suff[N][26]; bool visit[40]; char s[N]; int solve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) { return 0; } for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) { visit[i] = false; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { if (suf[l][i] <= r) { int x = suf[l][i], y = pre[r][i]; visit[suff[l][i] ^ pref[r][i] ^ sum[y] ^ sum[x]] = true; } } for (int i = 0;; ++i) { if (!visit[i]) { return i; } } } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; } pre[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; } for (int i = n; i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; } suf[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { if (pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']) { sum[i] = sum[pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']] ^ pref[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; } for (int j = i; j > pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; --j) { suff[j][s[i] - 'a'] = solve(j, i - 1); } vector<pair<int, int>> all; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { if (pre[i][j]) { all.emplace_back(pre[i][j], j); } } sort(all.begin(), all.end()); reverse(all.begin(), all.end()); for (int j = 0; j < all.size(); ++j) { int c = all[j].second; pref[i][c] = solve(pre[i][c] + 1, i); } } scanf("%d", &m); while (m--) { int l, r; scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); puts(solve(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int maxn = int(1e5) + 100; char st[maxn]; int pv[maxn][30], nx[maxn][30]; int prefix[maxn][30], suffix[maxn][30]; int SG[maxn][30]; int idx[30], now[30], tmp[30]; bool flag[30]; bool cmp1(int x, int y) { return now[x] < now[y]; } bool cmp2(int x, int y) { return now[x] > now[y]; } int mex(int *a, int n) { for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) flag[i] = false; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) flag[a[i]] = true; for (int i = 0; i <= 26; ++i) if (!flag[i]) return i; } void solve() { int len = strlen(st + 1); for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) pv[0][i] = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= len; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pv[i][j] = pv[i - 1][j]; pv[i][st[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) nx[len + 1][i] = len + 1; for (int i = len; i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nx[i][j] = nx[i + 1][j]; nx[i][st[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) nx[0][i] = nx[1][i], pv[len + 1][i] = pv[len][i]; for (int i = len; i; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) idx[j] = j, now[j] = nx[i][j]; sort(idx, idx + 26, cmp1); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { int cur = idx[j]; int bound = now[cur]; int cnt = 0; for (int k = 0; k < j; ++k) if (nx[i][idx[k]] < bound) { int last = pv[bound][idx[k]] + 1; tmp[cnt++] = suffix[i][idx[k]] ^ suffix[last][idx[k]] ^ SG[last][cur]; } SG[i][cur] = mex(tmp, cnt); suffix[i][cur] = SG[i][cur] ^ suffix[bound + 1][cur]; } } for (int i = 1; i <= len; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) idx[j] = j, now[j] = pv[i][j]; sort(idx, idx + 26, cmp2); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { int cur = idx[j]; int bound = now[cur]; int cnt = 0; for (int k = 0; k < j; ++k) if (pv[i][idx[k]] > bound) { int last = nx[bound][idx[k]] - 1; tmp[cnt++] = prefix[i][idx[k]] ^ prefix[last][idx[k]] ^ SG[last][cur]; } SG[i][cur] = mex(tmp, cnt); prefix[i][cur] = SG[i][cur] ^ (bound - 1 < 0 ? 0 : prefix[bound - 1][cur]); } } int casesum; scanf("%d", &casesum); while (casesum--) { int L, R; scanf("%d%d", &L, &R); int cnt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) if (nx[L][i] <= R) tmp[cnt++] = suffix[L][i] ^ suffix[pv[R][i] + 1][i] ^ SG[R][i]; if (mex(tmp, cnt)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } } int main() { scanf("%s", st + 1); solve(); return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100000; const int A = 32; int sum[N], prefix[N][A], suffix[N][A]; int prv[N][A], nxt[N][A]; int solve(int, int); int get_suffix(int i, int c) { if (suffix[i][c] == -1) { suffix[i][c] = solve(prv[i][c] + 1, i); } return suffix[i][c]; } int get_prefix(int i, int c) { if (prefix[i][c] == -1) { prefix[i][c] = solve(i, nxt[i][c] - 1); } return prefix[i][c]; } int solve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) { return 0; } unsigned int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < A; ++i) { if (nxt[l][i] <= r) { int grundy = sum[nxt[l][i]] ^ sum[prv[r][i]]; grundy ^= get_prefix(l, i) ^ get_suffix(r, i); mask |= 1u << grundy; } } int mex = 0; while (mask % 2 == 1) { mask /= 2; ++mex; } return mex; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); string s; cin >> s; int n = s.size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < A; ++j) { prv[i][j] = (i == 0) ? -1 : prv[i - 1][j]; prefix[i][j] = -1; } prv[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) { for (int j = 0; j < A; ++j) { nxt[i][j] = (i == n - 1) ? n : nxt[i + 1][j]; suffix[i][j] = -1; } nxt[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) { int j = prv[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; if (j >= 0) { sum[i] = sum[j] ^ solve(j + 1, i - 1); } } int m; cin >> m; while (m--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; cout << (solve(l - 1, r - 1) > 0 ? "Alice" : "Bob") << "\n"; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char s[100001]; vector<pair<int, int> > key; bool comp(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { if (a.second == b.second) return a.first > b.first; else return a.second < b.second; } int ll[100000][26], rr[100000][26], pp[26]; int pre[26][100000]; int dp[100000][26], dp2[100000][26]; int findAns(int l, int r, int ls, int rs) { if (l > r) return 0; if (ls && (dp[r][s[l - 1] - 'a'] != -1)) return dp[r][s[l - 1] - 'a']; if (rs && (dp2[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] != -1)) return dp2[l][s[r + 1] - 'a']; int i; unsigned int seen = 0; for (i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (((i == s[l] - 'a') ? l : rr[l][i]) <= r) { int rrr = (i == s[l] - 'a') ? l : rr[l][i]; int lll = (i == s[r] - 'a') ? r : ll[r][i]; int x = findAns(l, rrr - 1, ls, 1) ^ findAns(lll + 1, r, 1, rs); if (lll != rrr) x ^= pre[i][lll] ^ pre[i][rr[rrr][i] - 1]; seen |= (1U << x); } } int ans = 0; while (seen & (1U << ans)) ans++; if (ls) dp[r][s[l - 1] - 'a'] = ans; if (rs) dp2[l][s[r + 1] - 'a'] = ans; return ans; } int main() { int i; int m, l, r; scanf("%s %d", s, &m); int j, n = strlen(s); fill(pp, pp + 26, -1); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) ll[i][j] = pp[j]; pp[s[i] - 'a'] = i; } fill(pp, pp + 26, n); for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) rr[i][j] = pp[j]; pp[s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { if ((rr[i][s[i] - 'a'] > i + 1) && (rr[i][s[i] - 'a'] < n)) key.push_back(make_pair(i + 1, rr[i][s[i] - 'a'] - 1)); } sort(key.begin(), key.end(), comp); int x = 0; memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp)); memset(dp2, -1, sizeof(dp2)); for (i = 0; i < key.size(); i++) { while (x < key[i].second + 1) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[j][x + 1] = pre[j][x]; x++; } pre[s[key[i].second + 1] - 'a'][key[i].second + 1] ^= findAns(key[i].first, key[i].second, 1, 1); } while (x < n - 1) { for (j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[j][x + 1] = pre[j][x]; x++; } for (i = 0; i < m; i++) { scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); l--, r--; printf((findAns(l, r, 0, 0) > 0) ? "Alice\n" : "Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int Max = 1e5 + 10; int fw[Max][26]; int bw[Max][26]; int gs[Max][26]; int ge[Max][26]; int n; int A[Max]; int mex(vector<int> vec); void CalcGS(int i, int c); void CalcGE(int i, int c); int mex(vector<int> vec) { sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()); if (vec[0] > 0) return 0; for (int i = 1; i < vec.size(); i++) if (vec[i] > vec[i - 1] + 1) return vec[i - 1] + 1; return vec.back() + 1; } int G(int l, int r) { if (l >= r) return 0; if ((r - l) == 1 || (r - l) == 2 && A[l + 1] == A[r + 1]) return 1; l++, r--; for (int ch = 0; ch < 26; ch++) { if (A[l] == ch && A[r] == ch) { CalcGS(l + 1, ch); CalcGS(r + 1, ch); } else if (A[r] == ch) { CalcGS(l, ch); CalcGS(r + 1, ch); } else if (A[l] == ch) { int lCh = bw[r][ch]; CalcGS(l + 1, ch); CalcGS(lCh + 1, ch); CalcGE(r, ch); } else { int lCh = bw[r][ch]; if (lCh < l) continue; CalcGS(l, ch); CalcGS(lCh + 1, ch); CalcGE(r, ch); } } vector<int> vec; for (int ch = 0; ch < 26; ch++) { int g = 0; if (A[l] == ch && A[r] == ch) { g = gs[l + 1][ch] ^ gs[r + 1][ch]; } else if (A[r] == ch) { g = gs[l][ch] ^ gs[r + 1][ch]; } else if (A[l] == ch) { int lCh = bw[r][ch]; g = gs[l + 1][ch] ^ gs[lCh + 1][ch] ^ ge[r][ch]; } else { int lCh = bw[r][ch]; if (lCh < l) continue; g = gs[l][ch] ^ gs[lCh + 1][ch] ^ ge[r][ch]; } vec.push_back(g); } return mex(vec); } void CalcGE(int i, int c) { if (ge[i][c] >= 0) return; if (A[i] == c) { ge[i][c] = 0; return; } int l = bw[i][c], r = i + 1; ge[i][c] = G(l, r); } void CalcGS(int i, int c) { if (gs[i][c] >= 0) return; CalcGS(fw[i - 1][c] + 1, c); if (A[i] == c) { gs[i][c] = 0 ^ gs[fw[i - 1][c] + 1][c]; return; } int g = G(i - 1, fw[i - 1][c]) ^ gs[fw[i - 1][c] + 1][c]; gs[i][c] = g; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(NULL); cout.tie(NULL); { string s; cin >> s; n = s.size(); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) for (int ch = 0; ch < 26; ch++) gs[i][ch] = ge[i][ch] = -1; for (int ch = 0; ch < 26; ch++) gs[0][ch] = gs[n + 1][ch] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) A[i + 1] = s[i] - 'a'; for (int ch = 0; ch < 26; ch++) { int lastChSeen = n + 1; for (int i = n; i--;) { fw[i + 1][ch] = lastChSeen; if (A[i + 1] == ch) lastChSeen = i + 1; } fw[0][ch] = lastChSeen; lastChSeen = 0; bw[0][ch] = lastChSeen; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { bw[i + 1][ch] = lastChSeen; if (A[i + 1] == ch) lastChSeen = i + 1; } } } int q; cin >> q; while (q--) { int l, r; cin >> l >> r; if (l == r) { cout << "Alice\n"; continue; } int g = G(l - 1, r + 1); if (g == 0) cout << "Bob\n"; else cout << "Alice\n"; } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; char s[111111]; int m, l, r, n, pos[111111], nxt[111111][28], pre[111111][28], pr[111111][28], nx[111111][28], cur[28], a[111111]; int prefix[111111]; int solve(int l, int r); int getsuf(int pos, int k) { if (~nx[pos][k]) return nx[pos][k]; return nx[pos][k] = solve(pos, nxt[pos][k] - 1); } int getpre(int pos, int k) { if (~pr[pos][k]) return pr[pos][k]; return pr[pos][k] = solve(pre[pos][k] + 1, pos); } int solve(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l == r) return 1; bool used[55]; memset(used, 0, sizeof(used)); int ans, res; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int s = nxt[l][i], e = pre[r][i]; if (s > e || !s || !e) continue; ans = prefix[e] ^ prefix[pre[s][i]]; if (s != l) ans ^= getsuf(l, i); if (e != r) ans ^= getpre(r, i); used[ans] = 1; } res = 0; while (used[res]) res++; return res; } int main() { scanf("%s", s); n = strlen(s); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { a[i] = s[i - 1] - 'a'; } memset(nx, -1, sizeof(nx)); memset(pr, -1, sizeof(pr)); for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { cur[a[i]] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) nxt[i][j] = cur[j]; } memset(cur, 0, sizeof(cur)); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { cur[a[i]] = i; for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) pre[i][j] = cur[j]; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (!pre[i][a[i]]) continue; prefix[i] = prefix[pre[i - 1][a[i]]] ^ solve(pre[i - 1][a[i]] + 1, i - 1); } scanf("%d", &m); for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) { scanf("%d%d", &l, &r); if (!solve(l, r)) printf("Bob\n"); else printf("Alice\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MAXN = 101000; const int MAXM = 101000; int N, M; char sraw[MAXN]; int s[MAXN]; int L[MAXN][26], R[MAXN][26]; int pfx[MAXN][26], sfx[MAXN][26]; int psm[MAXN]; void initLR() { for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) L[1][i] = 0; for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++) { for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) L[i][c] = L[i - 1][c]; L[i][s[i - 1]] = i - 1; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) R[N - 1][i] = N; for (int i = N - 2; i >= 0; i--) { for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) R[i][c] = R[i + 1][c]; R[i][s[i + 1]] = i + 1; } } void initPFX() { psm[0] = 0; bool u[32]; int o[26], t; for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + 26, [&](const int& a, const int& b) { return L[i][a] > L[i][b]; }); for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { for (int j = 0; j < 27; j++) u[j] = false; for (int d = 0; d < c; d++) { assert(L[i][o[d]] >= L[i][o[c]]); if (L[i][o[d]] == 0) continue; if ((t = pfx[R[L[i][o[c]]][o[d]]][o[c]] xor (psm[L[i][o[d]]] xor psm[R[L[i][o[c]]][o[d]]]) xor pfx[i][o[d]]) < 27) u[t] = true; } int a = 0; while (u[a]) a++; pfx[i][o[c]] = a; } psm[i] = psm[L[i][s[i]]] xor pfx[i][s[i]]; } } void initSFX() { bool u[32]; int o[26], t; for (int i = N - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) o[j] = j; sort(o, o + 26, [&](const int& a, const int& b) { return R[i][a] < R[i][b]; }); for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { for (int j = 0; j < 27; j++) u[j] = false; for (int d = 0; d < c; d++) { assert(R[i][o[d]] <= R[i][o[c]]); if (R[i][o[d]] == N) continue; if ((t = sfx[i][o[d]] xor (psm[L[R[i][o[c]]][o[d]]] xor psm[R[i][o[d]]]) xor sfx[L[R[i][o[c]]][o[d]]][o[c]]) < 27) u[t] = true; } int a = 0; while (u[a]) a++; sfx[i][o[c]] = a; } } } int main() { scanf("%s", sraw); s[0] = -1; for (N = 1; sraw[N - 1] != '\0'; N++) { assert(N < MAXN); s[N] = static_cast<int>(sraw[N - 1]) - 97; } s[N] = -1; initLR(); initPFX(); initSFX(); scanf("%d", &M); int t; for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) { int a, b; scanf("%d%d", &a, &b); b++; assert(a < b); bool u = ((psm[L[b][s[a]]] xor psm[a]) xor pfx[b][s[a]]) == 0; for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++) { if (s[a] == c) continue; if (R[a][c] > L[b][c]) continue; assert(R[a][c] != R[b][c]); t = sfx[a - 1][c] xor (psm[R[a - 1][c]] xor psm[L[b][c]]) xor pfx[b][c]; if (!t) u = true; } if (u) printf("Alice\n"); else printf("Bob\n"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast", "inline", "unroll-loops", "no-stack-protector") using namespace std; const int maxn = 100000; map<int, int> sg[maxn + 10]; vector<pair<int, int> > sgg[maxn + 10]; char s[maxn + 10]; int b[maxn + 10], q, n; int pre[maxn + 10][26], nxt[maxn + 10][26], xo[maxn + 10], cnt; int f[2][maxn + 10], nowl, nowr; void read(int &x) { x = 0; char c = getchar(); while (!isdigit(c)) c = getchar(); while (isdigit(c)) { x = x * 10 + c - '0'; c = getchar(); } } int mex(int *a) { for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) b[a[i]] = 1; int ans = 0; while (b[ans]) ++ans; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) b[a[i]] = 0; return ans; } int getsg(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; map<int, int>::iterator it = sg[l].find(r); if (it != sg[l].end()) return it->second; int lst[26], val[26], ans; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { lst[i] = l - 1; val[i] = 0; } for (int i = l; i <= r; ++i) { int c = s[i] - 'a'; val[c] ^= getsg(lst[c] + 1, i - 1); lst[c] = i; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { if (lst[i] >= l) val[i] ^= getsg(lst[i] + 1, r); else val[i] = 27; } sg[l].insert(make_pair(r, ans = mex(val))); return ans; } int gettruesg(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; if (l != nowl && r != nowr) return lower_bound(sgg[l].begin(), sgg[l].end(), make_pair(r, 0))->second; int &ans = l == nowl ? f[0][r] : f[1][l]; if (ans != -1) return ans; int val[26]; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) if (pre[r][i] >= l) val[i] = gettruesg(l, nxt[l][i] - 1) ^ gettruesg(pre[r][i] + 1, r) ^ xo[nxt[l][i]] ^ xo[pre[r][i]]; else val[i] = 27; return ans = mex(val); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); read(q); n = strlen(s + 1); getsg(1, n); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) for (auto j : sg[i]) sgg[i].push_back(j); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[i][j] = s[i] == j + 'a' ? i : pre[i - 1][j]; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) nxt[i][j] = s[i] == j + 'a' ? i : nxt[i + 1][j]; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) xo[i] = xo[pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']] ^ getsg(pre[i - 1][s[i] - 'a'] + 1, i - 1); while (q--) { read(nowl); read(nowr); for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { if (nxt[nowl][i]) f[0][nxt[nowl][i] - 1] = -1; if (pre[nowr][i]) f[1][pre[nowr][i] + 1] = -1; } f[0][nowr] = -1; puts(gettruesg(nowl, nowr) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native") using namespace std; const int MAXSIZE = 10000020; int bufpos; char buf[MAXSIZE]; void init() { buf[fread(buf, 1, MAXSIZE, stdin)] = '\0'; bufpos = 0; } int readint() { int val = 0; for (; !isdigit(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; for (; isdigit(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) val = val * 10 + buf[bufpos] - '0'; return val; } char readchar() { for (; isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; return buf[bufpos++]; } int readstr(char* s) { int cur = 0; for (; isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) ; for (; !isspace(buf[bufpos]); bufpos++) s[cur++] = buf[bufpos]; s[cur] = '\0'; return cur; } const int maxn = 100005; int pre[maxn][26], suf[maxn][26]; struct block { int n, sz, cnt; int a[maxn], np[maxn]; int sum[maxn]; int st[433], bs[433]; void init(int n) { if (n <= 0) return; this->n = n; st[1] = 1; sz = sqrt(n) + 0.5; cnt = (n - 1) / sz + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) np[i] = (i - 1) / sz + 1; st[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i <= cnt; i++) st[i] = st[i - 1] + sz; st[cnt + 1] = n + 1; } void add(int p, int v) { int u = np[p]; for (int i = u; i <= cnt; i++) bs[i] ^= v; for (int i = p; i < st[u + 1]; i++) { sum[i] ^= v; } } inline int query(int r) { return r ? (sum[r] ^ bs[np[r] - 1]) : 0; } } b[26]; int p[maxn][26], id[maxn], cur[26]; int nxt[maxn][26], lst[maxn][26]; char s[maxn]; struct seg { int l, r, c; bool operator<(const seg& rhs) const { return r - l < rhs.r - rhs.l; } } a[maxn * 53], w[maxn * 53]; int sum[maxn]; int query(int l, int r) { if (l == r) return 1; unsigned ans = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (nxt[l][i] == nxt[r + 1][i] || nxt[l][i] == cur[i] + 1) continue; int now = suf[l][i] ^ pre[r][i] ^ b[i].query(lst[r][i] - 1) ^ b[i].query(nxt[l][i] - 1); ans |= 1U << now; } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (!(ans >> i & 1)) return i; return 26; } int main() { init(); int n = readstr(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) p[id[i] = ++cur[s[i] - 'a']][s[i] - 'a'] = i; int cnt = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int now = 1; for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { nxt[j][i] = now; if (s[j] == i + 'a') now++; else if (now <= cur[i]) a[++cnt] = (seg){j, p[now][i] - 1, i}; } now = cur[i]; for (int j = n; j; j--) { lst[j][i] = now; if (s[j] == i + 'a') now--; else if (now && (now == cur[i] || j != p[now + 1][i] - 1)) a[++cnt] = (seg){p[now][i] + 1, j, i}; } } for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) b[i].init(cur[i] - 1); for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) sum[a[i].r - a[i].l + 1]++; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) sum[i] += sum[i - 1]; for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) w[sum[a[i].r - a[i].l + 1]--] = a[i]; for (int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) { int now = query(w[i].l, w[i].r); bool fl = s[w[i].l - 1] == w[i].c + 'a', fr = s[w[i].r + 1] == w[i].c + 'a'; if (fl) pre[w[i].r][w[i].c] = now; if (fr) suf[w[i].l][w[i].c] = now; if (fl && fr) { b[w[i].c].add(id[w[i].l - 1], now); } } int m = readint(); while (m--) { int l = readint(), r = readint(); puts(query(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int MX = 100005; int n, q, l, r, sig[MX][26], ant[MX][26], dpl[MX][26], dpr[MX][26], acu[MX]; string s; int mex(int x) { for (int i = 0;; i++) if (!(x & (1 << i))) return i; } int query(int l, int r) { if (l > r) return 0; int res = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int lt = sig[l][i]; int rt = ant[r][i]; if (lt != -1 && rt != -1 && lt <= r && rt >= l) { if (dpl[l][i] == -1) dpl[l][i] = query(l, lt - 1); if (dpr[r][i] == -1) dpr[r][i] = query(rt + 1, r); res |= 1 << (acu[lt] ^ acu[rt] ^ dpl[l][i] ^ dpr[r][i]); } } return mex(res); } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); memset(sig, -1, sizeof(sig)); memset(ant, -1, sizeof(ant)); memset(dpl, -1, sizeof(dpl)); memset(dpr, -1, sizeof(dpr)); cin >> s; n = s.size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; i && j < 26; j++) ant[i][j] = ant[i - 1][j]; ant[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++) sig[i][j] = sig[i + 1][j]; sig[i][s[i] - 'a'] = i; } for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { int a = ant[i - 1][s[i] - 'a']; if (a != -1) acu[i] = query(a + 1, i - 1) ^ acu[a]; } cin >> q; while (q--) { cin >> l >> r; if (query(l - 1, r - 1)) cout << "Alice" << '\n'; else cout << "Bob" << '\n'; } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> const int N = 1e5 + 10, M = 26; template <typename T = int> inline T read() { T x = 0, f = 0; char ch = getchar(); while (!isdigit(ch)) f |= ch == '-', ch = getchar(); while (isdigit(ch)) x = x * 10 + ch - '0', ch = getchar(); return f ? -x : x; } char s[N]; int a[N], pre[N][26], suf[N][26], f[N][26], g[N], dp[27]; inline int mex(int a) { int res = 0; while (a >> res & 1) ++res; return res; } inline int solve(int l, int r, int c) { if (l > r) return 0; if (dp[c] != -1) return dp[c]; int sta = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { int L = suf[l][i], R = pre[r][i]; if (R < L) continue; sta |= 1 << (f[L - 1][c] ^ g[R] ^ g[L] ^ solve(R + 1, r, i)); } return dp[c] = mex(sta); } inline int Solve(int l, int r, int c) { if (l > r) return 0; if (dp[c] != -1) return dp[c]; int sta = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { int L = suf[l][i], R = pre[r][i]; if (R < L) continue; sta |= 1 << (Solve(l, L - 1, i) ^ g[R] ^ g[L] ^ f[r][i]); } return dp[c] = mex(sta); } int main() { scanf("%s", s + 1); int n = strlen(s + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) a[i] = s[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) suf[n + 1][i] = n + 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) memcpy(pre[i], pre[i - 1], sizeof(pre[i])), pre[i][a[i]] = i; for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) memcpy(suf[i], suf[i + 1], sizeof(suf[i])), suf[i][a[i]] = i; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp)), g[i] = g[pre[i - 1][a[i]]] ^ f[i - 1][a[i]]; for (int c = 0; c < 26; ++c) f[i][c] = solve(pre[i][c] + 1, i, c); } for (int q = read(); q; --q) { int l = read(), r = read(); memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp)); puts(Solve(l, r, 26) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; inline int rd() { char ch = getchar(); int i = 0, f = 1; while (!isdigit(ch)) { if (ch == '-') f = -1; ch = getchar(); } while (isdigit(ch)) { i = (i << 1) + (i << 3) + ch - '0'; ch = getchar(); } return i * f; } const int N = 1e5 + 50; char ch[N]; int n, a[N], pre[N][26], suf[N][26]; int f[N][26], g[N], mem[27]; inline int mex(int sta) { return __builtin_ctz(~sta); } inline int calc(int l, int r, int c, int flag) { if (l > r) return 0; if (~mem[c]) return mem[c]; int sta = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { int _l = suf[l][j], _r = pre[r][j]; if (_r >= l) sta |= 1 << (g[_r] ^ g[_l] ^ (!flag ? f[_l - 1][c] : calc(l, _l - 1, j, 1)) ^ (flag ? f[r][j] : calc(_r + 1, r, j, 0))); } return mem[c] = mex(sta); } int main() { scanf("%s", ch + 1); n = strlen(ch + 1); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) a[i] = ch[i] - 'a'; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) pre[i][j] = pre[i - 1][j]; pre[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[n + 1][j] = n + 1; for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) suf[i][j] = suf[i + 1][j]; suf[i][a[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { g[i] = f[i - 1][a[i]] ^ g[pre[i - 1][a[i]]]; memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) f[i][j] = calc(pre[i][j] + 1, i, j, 0); } int q = rd(); for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) { int l = rd(), r = rd(); memset(mem, -1, sizeof(mem)); if (calc(l, r, 26, 1)) puts("Alice"); else puts("Bob"); } }
#include <bits/stdc++.h> template <typename Y> inline bool updmin(Y &a, Y b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template <typename Y> inline bool updmax(Y &a, Y b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template <typename Y> inline Y abs(Y a) { if (a < 0) a = -a; return a; } template <typename Y> inline Y sqr(Y a) { return a * a; } int read() { int w = 1, q = 0, ch = ' '; for (; ch < '0' || ch > '9'; ch = getchar()) if (ch == '-') w = -1; for (; ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'; ch = getchar()) q = q * 10 + ch - 48; return q * w; } inline void FileIO() { freopen( "" ".in", "r", stdin); freopen( "" ".out", "w", stdout); } const int N = 100010; char str[N]; int n, q, s[N], f[N][26], g[N][26], pre[N][26], nxt[N][26], sum[N]; int vis[27]; inline int calc(int l, int r) { if (l > r) { return 0; } for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { vis[x] = 0; } for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { int p = nxt[l][x], q = pre[r][x]; if (p <= q) { vis[f[l][x] ^ g[r][x] ^ sum[p] ^ sum[q]] = 1; } } for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { if (!vis[x]) { return x; } } assert(0); } int main() { memset(f, -1, sizeof f); memset(g, -1, sizeof g); scanf("%s", str + 1); n = (int)strlen(str + 1); q = read(); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { s[i] = str[i] - 'a'; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { pre[i][x] = pre[i - 1][x]; } pre[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { nxt[n + 1][x] = n + 1; } for (int i = n; i; i--) { for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { nxt[i][x] = nxt[i + 1][x]; } nxt[i][s[i]] = i; } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int k = pre[i - 1][s[i]]; if (k) { sum[i] = sum[k] ^ g[i - 1][s[i]]; } for (int j = i; j > k; j--) { f[j][s[i]] = calc(j, i - 1); } std::vector<std::pair<int, int> > P(0); for (int x = 0; x < 26; x++) { if (pre[i][x]) { P.push_back(std::make_pair(-pre[i][x], x)); } } std::sort(P.begin(), P.end()); for (auto p : P) { g[i][p.second] = calc(-p.first + 1, i); } } while (q--) { int l = read(), r = read(); puts(calc(l, r) ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } return 0; }