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We describe the individual operations carried out on clients (data owner) and server (model owner), the two components of any FL system. Our proposed built on top of the FedAvg{{cite:1db59e109f4368fdf85405eeab2bebcbe469fe2d}} algorithm and some of the notations used in this description are {{formula:cb836aa1-e8cd-46a5-...
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and the server receives updates uniformly, i.e., {{formula:a86f27f5-46de-48f8-ac1a-e86320984dd0}} . The above assumption is standard in the analysis of asynchronous methods, specifically in heterogeneous settings {{cite:ff3634bb2a8c11c49946ff35c4ec303a6c8f8d06}}, {{cite:23f6cb5bc58880e111fee24f88d9bcfbac618bde}}, {{c...
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These questions are considered in the context of two standard datasets – MNIST and CIFAR-10. For MNIST we use a custom model as shown in table REF , while for CIFAR-10 we used a Wide-ResNet  {{cite:ed057a6b7f95b4bcf7a06b5693598046d3057ee4}} with depth and width 10.
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To investigate this, we process the training, validation and test sets of the NSynth {{cite:4c67e000c5e3ac33e002da7d57369ae3e31e4f04}} dataset with audio effects. A state of the art deep learning architecture for instrument classification {{cite:d4f9f1464e73f2872f4e28ae0be44c933a09f6b3}} is then trained with the origin...
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It worth noting, that few points should be addressed in any future implementations of the proposed SCW QKD. It is well known that Plug&Play QKD systems are particularly susceptible to Trojan horse attacks on Alice's modulator {{cite:607d3ca960564f51def27d10d24235d48ed31f88}}. To address this issue the signal, before ge...
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[leftmargin=15pt] HA (History Average): Mean of historical values of the data. LR (Linear Regression): Ridge regression on historical values with a regularization of 0.01. CNN (Convolutional Neural Network): We implement our CNN based on STResNet {{cite:4f0a5a5c4636e1c1a117663334c52598ccff5d0b}}. We use 6 residual bl...
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As discussed in Section REF , label leakage happens when the target KC prediction {{formula:5927f391-08f6-42c3-a967-053a501d2107}} depends on the ground truth of the previous KC {{formula:71e51f1f-055a-4eed-8121-fc2566aa1613}} in the expanded KC sequence and at the same time, {{formula:8dd2ff6f-fa1a-473c-a2fd-6839c7c...
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Step (1): Wikipedia sub-network of trends. To extract sub-networks that comprise trending Wikipedia articles, we use a graph-based anomaly detection algorithm presented in {{cite:7bdf820a51b6e3188b320c5ff7beee00cf1e9c6f}}. The algorithm extracts a sub-network from the Wikipedia network of pages and hyperlinks. From the...
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Reproducing results for benchmarking. There have been many attempts to establish a benchmark for the offline RL approaches by building datasets {{cite:8e25c9405145d6326f138aee920c6e8974a9adb5}}, {{cite:e836b400a2cd0116aefb7db212d726d0d9f07eff}}, sharing their source code, as well as producing a library focusing on offl...
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EOVSA data processing tools are included in the open-source SunCASA package (https://github.com/suncasa/suncasa-src), which is based on the CASA (https://casa.nrao.edu). Codes for processing GOES and SDO/AIA data are included in the SolarSoftWare (SSW) repository (https://www.lmsal.com/solarsoft/). E-CALLISTO processin...
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In this method, the attackers can access the information of the model to generate adversarial examples using the fast gradient method (FGSM) {{cite:ac753e68c02bea67e0f40d51ea41a72c2337a891}}. Specifically, FGSM uses the gradient of the targeted model to compute adversarial examples. Then, the speech input is manipulate...
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We demonstrate the effectiveness of ALBEF on various downstream V+L tasks including image-text retrieval, visual question answering, visual reasoning, visual entailment, and weakly-supervised visual grounding. ALBEF achieves substantial improvements over existing state-of-the-art methods. On image-text retrieval, it ou...
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In Fig. REF , the sum rates achieved by different algorithms are compared versus the UAV's altitude (also known as hovering height in the literature). From the figure, it can be seen that the sum rate first increases when the UAV's altitude gets larger, but the sum rate starts to decrease when the UAV's altitude is lar...
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Large-scale quantum computers promise to solve classically intractable problems in areas such as quantum simulation, prime factorization, and others {{cite:f7fe4396744348ae3d47bb2b7c615452126db50f}}, {{cite:d53bd938164ec739dab7785fc3369c107acb4147}}, {{cite:747c61127239e9b532b52584ba3abf29f36ca777}}, {{cite:fc55044d73b...
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Another frequently used measure to quantify the strength of a gravitational wave signal is the power spectral density {{formula:b1fda22b-cd12-476b-9084-ef287789861b}} {{cite:230cd3ae2b50e8e06aba68266c776cba252b9e28}}, which has the dimension of {{formula:19a7b47c-a56d-44a0-892b-1e35651e303e}} and is related to {{form...
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Completeness The sum of the relevances of features of an input is equal to the prediction {{cite:6164bad06e82abf9cd358d04708743a85a24522e}}. This axiom stems from the intuition that a prediction of an input is a prediction of a composition of features.
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Implementation Invariance Two neural networks that are functionally equivalent, i.e. give the same output for all possible inputs, should receive the same relevances for every input {{cite:7608ea6c27dc03482315dc4457fe03996ac20a71}}. This seems trivial but is important to state as methods that work with internal weights...
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To test this, we selected the two model parametrizations considered in {{cite:931a627ee5272072c356e59c160605f19caf9e10}}, namely fully connected and full-width convolutional models. In addition, we used shallow (one hidden layer) and deep (three hidden layers) versions of these models, along with linear and nonlinear a...
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We have checked that the above result agrees numerically with our previous calculation performed in ref. {{cite:06230fd785c9a4560f9686d16e1b63a6f07580f1}}. This comparison does not include the terms {{formula:b3e8defd-efa1-41e3-813f-9182d87a8ff1}} since those were not computed in ref. {{cite:06230fd785c9a4560f9686d16e...
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A huge amount of biologically relevant information is available from cell tracking experiments in embryos. Future research on anomalous transport could investigate other cells beyond hemocytes, later stages of morphogenesis and other types of embryos e.g. zebra fish or murine. Heterogeneous fractional Brownian motion i...
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Robust04 contains long documents that would require large amounts of memory due to the quadratic cost of the Transformer models. Thus, during finetuning and inference, it is not possible to directly feed the entire text at once to our models. To address this issue, we use a slightly modified version of the MaxP techniq...
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Deep neural networks (DNNs) bring wireless communications into a new era of deep learning and artificial intelligence. One of the insightful ideas is end-to-end learning of communications systems {{cite:02f5a1f58b3f8297a99cf19ccdf198e77bcefe04}}, which re-designs the physical layer by employing a neural network instead...
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Symmetries exist throughout nature. All the fundamental laws of physics are built upon the framework of symmetries, from the gauge groups describing the Standard Model of particle physics, to Einstein's theories of general and special relativity. Once one understands the symmetry of a certain system, powerful predictio...
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One limitation of our privacy preserving approach is that we still consume a small privacy budget for each query. Thus, given a fixed privacy budget, subsequently querying our ensemble will eventually use up all the privacy budget available. This problem is addressed by the Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PAT...
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In each application, we use the KL-divergence to evaluate the discrepancy between the posteriors from the two encoders in the SOS-DVAE caused by the supervision. There are other commonly-used methods for comparing distribution similarity {{cite:8373b07422e0bd940daf085ab879085f27250561}}, {{cite:a0ddcabd22f5c5eb028c952a...
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The typical situation is when the Hamiltonian of the system is invariant with respect to the cotangent lift of the action of {{formula:5c8324ba-68f0-4b5d-9e7a-740a5e947d7e}} on {{formula:06627987-90b3-403c-8439-f62d3be86e6f}} . Then the quotient manifold {{formula:2517a3cf-af5c-4405-9350-2b93f1aabfb2}} becomes the re...
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Bilby {{cite:f7ef3d0905b913ad7a8b890613aa6d968d057fe3}}, PyMultiNest {{cite:1268688a8f513e9e05e1e675903ad4a105271229}}, PyCBC {{cite:a2fe3675191d87216e4e0dd290aa636710f0f6d3}}, {{cite:b25de63f9aeaa7ecd7e3c7d0ad4eec2b4cc0ec58}}
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We aim to reduce the domain shift in adverse weather conditions while not acquiring additional real data. Hence, we propose a novel training approach that leverages synthetic data, while making the architecture aware of the weather condition and nighttime. Our architecture is trained on both synthetic and real data sim...
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We recognise that the second term in the above expression is the Hilbert transform {{formula:497361c3-bfaa-4d2c-9567-d42d34fdec7b}} of {{formula:fb3e0d43-f2bd-4ef0-9b3a-a45cd1822acd}} (see e.g.{{cite:7353999232b03531ba78669fdb8e2e24b2d0635f}} or {{cite:7196a89c3a7e02812262d06f54ac7c6d2ba4564e}}). We recall that the ...
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In this section, because many images in ImageNet only have classification labels, we use the hidden layer saliency map as the mask of the target object. And we apply metrics of pointing game (pointing) {{cite:3745923336e3f454f6177f3769324efd804cc4d0}}, Spearman's correlation (spearman cor), and structure similarity ind...
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Blockchain-enabled IoT networks utilise authentication and authorisation schemes to limit access only to only authorised nodes. However, these schemes can not ascertain in situ reliability and trustworthiness of authorised nodes, as these schemes do not monitor the behaviour of nodes over the operational period. The ca...
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5ba0ecc858098306e0b8f5fe90433be2
As it is well known, when negative muons, {{formula:1dba8d7d-2331-412f-b1c1-d17ab9a2ebcb}} , produced in a meson factory, slow down in matter, it is possible for them to be captured in atomic orbits. Afterwards, fast electromagnetic cascades bring these muons down to the innermost (1s or 2p) quantum orbits (in this way...
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b3752d693f201734ad35b221444a5f18
Uncertainties in the percentages of IDPs over classes of disorder (Figures 1 and 2) were estimated through bootstrap resampling and reported as standard errors {{cite:19f2658e9ddf79caf30d8f2ef4aa0dd871ebafea}}.
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The prototypical implementation of the use-case-centric FAIR metrics presented here accounts for 10 out of the 15 FAIR principles {{cite:31a9d98b91fea790935ab473118c8aee1fe5674d}}, as can bee seen in tab:fair. A checkmark depicts principles that are covered by the overall execution and not by a specific quality criteri...
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Data preparation.   We use publicly available high-speed (240 FPS) video dataset, the Need for Speed dataset {{cite:cfc3df9485cecce8e2cfb29dc9b6a9fea6facfc3}}. The reason we choose this dataset is because it has rich motion categories and content (100 videos with 380K frames) which involves both camera and scene/object...
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To better understand and exhibit effects of various types of noise on WB neuron, three examples of voltage time courses of both deterministic and stochastic WB neurons have well been replotted in [fig:Schematicfigure]Fig.REF B. Deterministic WB model, [WB:isolateneurons]Eq.(), has been successfully applied to describe ...
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The continuous progress in deep learning and the growing amount of image data have enabled new data-driven CE design that joinly design the optical encoder and computational decoder. More precisely, it consists of simulating the COI system as a fully differentiable image formation model that considers the physics-based...
i
0c9243796ef2710729730902c1151c84
Recall that the core of text generation is language modeling. Given a set of examples each consisting of a sequence of symbols with variable lengths {{formula:c27bb546-7e65-4e25-be9b-ec32e0b4212a}} , language modeling is to estimate the probability distribution of the corpus. The joint probabilities over symbols are fa...
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In this section, extensive experimental results are presented to evaluate the denoising performance of the proposed GSRC. For the test images, we use two different test datasets for thorough evaluation. One is a test dataset containing 200 natural images from Berkeley segmentation dataset (BSD200) {{cite:76cc3f6e90d1b3...
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Traditionally, unitarity of the scattering matrix is implemented at the integrated level via dispersion relations (see e.g. Ref. {{cite:40f7e0ca90403ad28fb5ee21160aebedbbe9046a}}). However, for our purposes, it is much more convenient to use an integrand-level version of unitarity {{cite:8468a360a0a60071c1f8ba1b8ad8619...
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Experimentally, first evidence of the Gurzhi effect has been found for GaAs constrictions.{{cite:a1c7f6300c3505248ebe939d13c31fc4d06999d2}} More recently, indications of a dominating viscous electron flow appeared in other 2D materials such as graphene {{cite:f100dbeae06c61ea7be6ea5ec7422f6e82a3e445}}, {{cite:b91dd1be0...
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We continued using the noise-reduction techniques combining full-volume low-mode averaging {{cite:97403d47fec758ba236906cce4a2a83770939188}}, {{cite:7b99908f511a99350ecfcecf97c53b4b9b4e1336}}, {{cite:5d0cfd49e27edd57f67a500723780a8cf067d674}}, {{cite:240f612c4484bcc9a14ce7b996d346543d477b87}} and all-mode averaging dev...
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The design of interval observers (a particular form of set-valued observers) has been extensively investigated in the literature for various classes of dynamical systems such as linear time-invariant (LTI) systems {{cite:fd809487c033275634924be1c95a1452c6b140c6}}, linear parameter varying (LPV)/quasi-LPV systems {{cite...
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cd9fd878a78e0e96081d8e36d44cc16e
Building on pioneering optical studies {{cite:e1a7f8fb0abd7e0c56316f7adfb24d4f15bd3953}}, {{cite:730731a22bb20b4a2222cf79922e7a761846c52f}}, {{cite:0eefb6c1da60de594ce24fa77d0084a7d7999a1d}}, there is at present renewed interest in nonlinear effects in solids arising from broken symmetries {{cite:0f991951f4d91346c60789...
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320b4340059da531f4cb5a18dd4fcc81
When unrestricted TGDs are used as an ontology language, ontology-mediated querying is undecidable even for unary queries that consist of a single atom {{cite:1681b269d9e8c8bc5ea630c0d9edb6a5a6a07552}}. This has led to intense research on identifying restricted forms of TGDs that regain decidability, see {{cite:b6bd343...
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32492e0569f488ee3c02083498d525ee
In recent years, Deep Learning has gained popularity in computer vision and pattern recognition primarily due to Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) {{cite:c3c450f689f05c3757a86533cf9be697e32b9af6}}. DCNN includes convolutional layers, fully connected layers, pooling layers for feature extraction, image representati...
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c72317788dd811096ad73341812481ac
Here the performance of our algorithm will be shown with five examples. The first example is an artificial reaction mechanism with two reactions {{cite:574a27f4aa10a299f064f06bfc24cbbfce8434e4}}. The second one is the well-known Michaelis-Menten kinetics {{cite:caa47ed74e0d53e6b238b1ace7127dd276f731fb}} in biochemistry...
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9b91dc54e7d3727375d5a6b23cdc95b3
Concerning the expected asymmetric line profiles unique to MHD-driving process, there have been some observational hints of the expected asymmetric Fe K UFO features in NuSTAR and XMM-Newton data (e.g. a nearby Seyfert 2 AGN, MCG-03-58-007 in {{cite:2d522f0967b0895ffc052e0f96a8e68fe3aaa140}}; a lensed broad absorption ...
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Recent advances in deep learning have rapidly advanced the state-of-the-art object detection algorithms. The best mean average precision score on the popular COCO {{cite:fa15dbc50be239aa07ce96e509be919ffeed2c97}} benchmark has improved from 40 mAP to over 60 mAP in less than 4 years. However, this success required larg...
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Figure REF shows the inclusive and differential measurements performed for {{formula:15f4b116-7e65-4818-bc09-f9a3817ea2a5}} and {{formula:0e132aa9-a0b6-4b46-b0e7-54e8149984ea}} at parton level in the full phase space. The total uncertainty on the measurements is shown. The main source of uncertainty on the different...
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We follow the evaluation protocol of the study {{cite:3693ee50f8b9c3937de2798c748ff82c9ddf30f9}} by using CUB {{cite:d817b63d8db8e1b94782df9320778ef93ebf29cb}}, mini-ImageNet {{cite:57c6c53416acd7eb605bdc1727d038f543f8477b}}, and tiered-ImageNet {{cite:fda2aa7d17928b6405aa5cfe50a49dc23c92d0f9}} to evaluate the proposed...
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Many methods attempt to model the class-dependent asymmetric noise, such as with a label transition matrix {{cite:4d0d3d059003401530c49d7fa2092768df7922ef}}, by learning noise-adaption layers and performing loss-correction {{cite:02404ddf89f12dc3f40a7a5f2282b156843325bd}}, {{cite:b9d6b48c0f30caa1f1cd1dca0373338e0bcecd3...
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Quantum field theories from the same class as QCD are now experiencing dramatic changes and rapid advances in a deeper understanding of anomalies. I want to mention two crucial papers: {{cite:d464d6dce384dfe5fbce43dc688a56b4f8344694}} and {{cite:ba27b461166d4a5f804f31b3766b32bd12f933a4}}. The latter demonstrates that a...
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Overall Performance: Table REF showcases the various model performances across 10,000 TSP instances. We rerun all models again on our machine to get updated results for a fair comparison. Evidently, moving away from a learnable decoder reduces the model's predictive power; the self-attention transformer is highly cap...
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Several studies, such as {{cite:bbcd1058d564f5764af329f14d5a76bff0069f06}}, {{cite:9bd1c6d0a68764bb2914356c4e999b6d7783b090}}, {{cite:d1b7b9ce649e7646b0e765adb007142ebe81e299}}, have reviewed various oversampling approaches; nevertheless, they are not thorough and have not paid adequate attention to validating the over...
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Remark 2.1 By (REF ), it is clear that both {{formula:3aa0977d-a754-454c-9b7b-422b777d0754}} and {{formula:f72a5a23-a051-483b-a875-cf679ecfe1f4}} are surface-localized according to Definition REF . In our subsequent proof of Theorem REF , it can be seen that the transmission eigenmode corresponding to higher mode num...
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At the algorithm level, existing end-to-end methods {{cite:daff0be54bdd8e3dccf6bd13c471d193d3bf4e2f}}, {{cite:294c3dcf1567eae8e0257690bf550be0d401a32c}}, {{cite:ba42fcec8b38716507dc2d26fb8156361da49261}} score each pair of mentions only based on mention representations from the output layer of a contextualization model...
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4d3bb412e3656225bb90c9d912ed730d
We now compare the commonly used motion-forecasting datasets, i.e., nuScenes , Waymo-Open-Motion-Dataset (WOMD) {{cite:487e5d57d98d2b65856974d3899810d54886cf6c}} and Argoverse {{cite:0fc6e0679853603ef93b88f630d536a29e3df1ee}}. We individually discuss why Argoverse is best positioned to bring out the benefits of our pro...
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4389840e860c920cd39414e9bbe4a66a
We note that the non-collinearity of spins by itself does not guarantee strong magnetoelectric effect and electromagnon peaks – the crystal structure is equally important. Thus, in the layered Kagomé antiferromagnet, the iron jarosite KFe{{formula:a42993ff-0a05-4776-8fe1-d7b5e4da4fb7}} (OH){{formula:0b9f1d7d-40cd-4dfb-...
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In this work, we establish the thermodynamics for growing systems. The difficulty in developing it lies in that the change in the volume affects all reactions in it. In the conventional theory of chemical reactions, reaction fluxes are described as functions of densities of chemicals (concentrations) {{cite:e1a3a8b3f7a...
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61540d1f15e974f8ec47dab5442b5b1c
Among other things, Luo {{cite:4af449d8dfe200011a7a539de012d7078006f1ba}} further established a variational principle for vertex scaling of PL metrics on surfaces and proved that there exists some combinatorial obstructions for the existence of PL metric with constant discrete Gaussian curvature {{formula:9d82922e-f503...
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where {{formula:067861ee-a923-4627-ab3f-e761aea233e7}} , and {{formula:b0705486-20fd-45c9-8cae-e6d0a740a3b8}} indicates that {{formula:2dfc84a6-075b-46fc-8547-6a9ad4610116}} is an {{formula:df6d5f1c-546f-4e02-b90a-ebdfc06e7290}} -tuple with {{formula:08a04a5d-4ec3-4ae6-947f-fb5c6a42e9a1}} . Given {{formula:a1d45da3-b...
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As a macroscopic equilibrium model, et al. {{cite:5841204a86006be520dc5638ed012c5298a87da1}}, {{cite:a8b76ccbac51dd1605114912ab3509ba469f4a5a}} investigated stochastic differential game problems involving infinitely many players under the name “Large Population Stochastic Dynamic Games”; and independently, Lasry and Li...
i
247ce755ab84d18fa2f7ad9c0a4f33ae
In the {{formula:93fcacdc-008d-415d-a158-dca615459342}} cold dark matter model, the formation of dark matter structure is hierarchical, in the pattern that small haloes form first, and they subsequently merge to form larger ones {{cite:5714db618a289d40dfa909245669c8584ff27199}}. The relics of the merging haloes and th...
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af44511be74dc64bed46f1ff6a1434e5
Between these extreme limits, theoretically it is possible for the accretion disc to have a state with low viscosity and high advective factor. Since the viscosity is low the efficiency of angular momentum dissipation is low and the fluid particle could stay in an orbit for relatively large time. Since the advective fa...
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For the purpose of validation the results Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is plotted for all the networks under study, it is actually a probability curve which is used as a performance measurement in a classification problems related to medical field {{cite:cb76dd5013361aaebada0bd98931452b91e8a112}}. For ...
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The main contribution of this chapter is a dense mapping pipeline which is able to construct a map of the environment based on geometric and photometric information. The evaluation is based on estimating root-mean-square (RMS) error using Eq. (REF ), as well as considering relative pose error (RPE) that measures local ...
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38a7d619fedd90dc64ec78aaf28ae902
Other than these research, a few cosmologists have studied holographic DE models as other options to DE causing late-time speeding expansion of the universe {{cite:408761c4b7a761fb59d41af15741f99bc0393ed1}}, {{cite:967fc2439c52d69fc91453fa2cf950c848e89c09}}, {{cite:fdc2c74b83f0f2a57085987cc48a30c44ea87e6f}}, {{cite:75e...
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4b85fd03b658a2b433507bf894675f08
As we will argue throughout this article, this last question might in parts be answered by considering yet another apparent fine-tuning of the Higgs sector. The masses of both the Higgs and the top quark lie in an extraordinarily small window corresponding to a metastable electroweak vacuum {{cite:6825cd017e57570588a1d...
i
f46b9ca9ddf20a17031ac0eb4330a20b
Post-processing. For DTU, we get the final point clouds with the depth fusion tool from Gipuma {{cite:9face495b011364cca89f87967bdc42eb95b2550}} with consistent hyper-parameters, i.e., disparity threshold 0.1, number consistent 2, and probability threshold 0.5. For Tanks-and-Temples, to avoid adjusting hyper-parameters...
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635d3d1077c1be7dca90955bbf21b18b
Even though our linear contextual bandit setup is different from e.g., {{cite:e47f165b75bcbd325e834b872ad379784cbfe745}} for ranking, the availability of the feedback {{formula:a156c9ac-b1af-4028-b2b0-c62d6a13d9e9}} , which tells us whether item {{formula:e452ccde-8966-4605-b223-6438453efea6}} has been exposed, makes ...
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0822c0fc9648fd0a54f70fa177fb2dbc
Another crucial origin of the heavy flavor {{formula:35789e3f-a749-4b3a-bd5b-304b9123d9ee}} is the strong electromagnetic fields produced in heavy-ion collisions. It has been estimated that the magnetic field in the early stage of nuclear collisions ({{formula:f7b777a5-2aa4-47c0-a9e6-e456ad337692}} fm) can reach the ...
i
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Besides semantic anomaly detection, self-supervised methods show satisfactory performance for defect detection and spotting sensory anomalies {{cite:e14cd3f245183e99ee62a3fe36c689523e3cc249}}, {{cite:04f6b4c27462a73d5fa1e32bddc69a10eebc62bd}}, {{cite:5dcea0b2f2de9d98d1a53298d74a89d403a0138d}}. Fig. REF shows the perfo...
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Besides, to analyze the mechanism about ParC, we provide the result of two commonly used visualization scheme, Effective Receptive Field (ERF){{cite:0d2520cb6529fecb9b994b191fc89aa1a5d30dee}} and Grad-CAM{{cite:9b56d7f4a80bb1f4257011e4ba32201b6ce01f56}}. Result shows that ParC-based models are able to grab global featu...
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abf07cae4ce9c5d7322ee56ceba944ee
We gave further evidence, and developed the understanding around the filtration, by studying also attractor flows for multi-centred black holes. These should capture the spectrum of BPS states, and we find agreement with the filtration proposal. So a decay which would violate the filtration, manifested as a split attra...
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d457a11bb0ffe50aeb293bf4a7e89e24
where (REF ) follows from the tower property {{cite:07dbe9b4063c132485b12dda9f2957fed164f263}}, and () follows from the time-homogeneity of Markov process {{formula:5616afbe-5f38-4916-8535-738cac8e12fa}} .
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4952e322e947ef36307916e25ff237ce
We also conducted experiments on the VGGFace2 dataset using similar parameters with Resnet64 in SphereFace {{cite:385fd44ac9f1166c02632bcda21feb086704f5b3}} to show the results of our part fViT in Table REF . Despite adding a large amount of data augmentation, our baseline fViT perform worse than the results provided b...
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d6e8c4ccbc97b9e4f2e0b932c03dfca4
Spin-orbit coupling is a universal phenomenon that can be observed in a variety of fields in physics including classical mechanics {{cite:085c34c9df0057fd15151e60a9681229f6b2d835}}, quantum physics {{cite:210fd26fea20b96e68d1f85afe7b77d18b09964e}}, and photonics {{cite:532393182098e10455310df38ef899a5019a8246}}. In par...
i
0a75e3ab056bae88f1d5ae8bb7c0611c
The performance of a machine learning system in practice depends on a large number of considerations {{cite:423387c0737c5897fc5cafe0403819ffdb23dcd6}}. State-of-art neural network architectures for image classification contain millions of trainable parameters, and they are trained on hundreds of thousands of scans {{ci...
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ed172e8eb1ec61dd13732f97729595d0
which is similar to Equation (6) in {{cite:5e457df54a0457fdbc20d54cc4d62e33b18fa955}}, where a tight correlation was found between the widths and redward shifts of the Fe iii{{formula:43e0ae22-9535-4d07-997c-2a0ea3415cd4}} 2039–2113 blend for their quasars, and this correlation supports the gravitational interpretatio...
d
ef31c64de17b3642caf34fe5794850b1
Recently jets and jet substructure have been proposed as alternative probes for portraying the full three-dimensional (3D) image of a nucleon and enriched the content of the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) spin physics {{cite:b07ddc39b83ab9d93c4939b6dc0771e5d9789d39}}, {{cite:98c4f97874540ce3c2d777e004a730cea8b8da8...
i
a757cb479b5055a528bd03170f7edfa7
The first term accounts for local anisotropic drag that depends on the aspect ratio of the filament {{cite:b856adae0f3bc4d0fc3b357bbb8e1eb23c2cb51c}} and the second term accounts for non-local interactions {{cite:161bc5798ed767b1f6fb8d346c4c18d5a9e01e36}}. In (REF ) {{formula:31a2bb9e-04a3-4a96-9b33-f7e287d004f6}} is ...
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311fe9a198122d5d40475bd61f0ad256
More generally, we believe that continual learning with nonstationary time series is a relevant area of research. Although transfer learning is primarily concerned with transferring knowledge from a source domain to a target domain, and therefore may be used in either an offline or online setting, an increasing number ...
d
0b8028f0e81d34892a69bc3270442320
enabling them to implement minimal sufficient statistics for different {{formula:2543f8c9-7bd0-4b36-bc6e-a6ff92253f84}} -constraints on the error.To what extent the relationship between IB and deep learning holds in general is the subject of ongoing debate {{cite:9a6d46032577b493d55b96e630a8c5d9005ae7a7}}, {{cite:1bfc5...
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45db2df07524519fae4c228f15c91b3b
HiPe is able to create model-agnostic saliency maps so quickly because it is content-aware in a way that existing perturbation-based saliency mapping algorithms are not. {{cite:e158f009635edce5771202dcb7b4d816a858d96e}}, {{cite:418d8983b0140c0124f3f798768d18b3f2667d13}}, {{cite:22be4e471c0e27ead0d565a98f3d138dea8da96d}...
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5784612b77e23c2f29851815671f6982
In order to explore the impact of non-uniform scaled abundances on stellar evolutionary tracks, we construct the Stromlo Stellar TracksThe Stromlo Stellar Tracks are publicly available online at https://sites.google.com/view/stromlotracks, self-consistent stellar evolution models using the Modules for Experiments in St...
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d9046e79e7c48253216fc1a91802b114
The requirement of differentiation of the log-likelihood or surrogate functions for some of the bias-reduction methods in Table  is also another area where considerable analytical effort has been devoted to (see, for example, {{cite:a7ea71cc627d35a28f3c72c78053a0db08cf7339}} for multivariate generalized nonlinear model...
i
88c1e24fe62d630e652a930f1a9db335
As mentioned earlier, in the solid state physics interpretation of the partition function for our (0+1) dimensional {{formula:e0d9287a-d6f5-4377-870c-8d322dfb7973}} model, we consider the Euclidean time-direction as spatial dimension and let, instead of {{formula:29b0b93a-e5e0-4f73-b854-5c3f5109035a}} , the paramete {...
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74693a023fa869fab356354b0578288a
Ablation on losses of THAT. We show results of THAT with different loss functions in Table REF . We observe that compared to our full framework, removing either the contrastive loss or the normalized softmax degrades the performance slightly, yet the resulting models still outperform the standard adversarial training b...
d
111bb60a9945a3b7d20f81997c379cb8
We compared the proposed method with four well-known adversarial attack methods which are described as follows. FGSM {{cite:b1c53d022ccd058f4ad2eb4b1c5d8f907d410068}} is a gradient-based one-step {{formula:9165f77e-94fd-4a51-82d8-60051f548c78}} attack. BIM-10 {{cite:6bc778b8da4538d9c459329145a552d4e05db55a}} is an ite...
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784ff55c5505d5a617b034cfde7c6934
To test the transferability of the found pattern, we also transfer it to three other tasks: 1) language modeling on WikiText-2 {{cite:d28e2a31cfb78a22c2ed7961b13fa7a648b3e849}}, 2) German-English translation on the IWSLT-14 dataset, and 3) English-French translation on the WMT-14 dataset. On Wiki-Text-2, we compare Aut...
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ac5cdff81f8a7dcb56df6529ba606875
Theorem REF says that (REF ) are sufficient conditions for weak recovery. Meanwhile, (REF ) are almost necessary conditions for weak recovery, since if (REF ) fails, then weak recovery is impossible. These conditions are derived under model (REF ), and are dramatically different from the ones derived under stochastic ...
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4907a92b10a7fc171f946a3d814d4c25
We propose our algorithm EigenFind (alg:EigenFind) for a more efficient counterfactual search. In the previous paper, {{cite:4eeb0fb9d0f3ee1904d81485e57422e9e98a724f}} presented the AttFind algorithm which iterates over all coordinates in the StyleSpace while changing them one by one, searching for coordinates with the...
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cd590efd3b8c44f287769df37fc97ccd
Nevertheless, the computer vision community has attempted to solve the point set registration problem through consideration of outliers and missing correspondences, which are typically encountered in real-world applications. A common technique used in point set registration to robustify the optimization against outlier...
i
cb9518c2cfd18a28052f0605c88fdeb2
Starburst galaxies, that are characterized by a high star-formation rate leading to a large number of cosmic-ray-accelerating supernova remnants, and the accretion disk-fed black hole regions in galactic nuclei, so-called active galactic nuclei (AGN), are both phenomena on their own that generate high-energetic cosmic ...
i
8d72edb8e03ed3f741f6184c864e8bb6
The electronic structure calculations {{cite:c6722ce941810f1b9fae01622dccb54901b9af0b}} are performed using first-principles methods within the frame-work of DFT with Perdew-Burke Ernzerhof exchange correlation energy functional{{cite:8038bb126d5bb0cf2d83828574d3e1d09aa23a1e}} based on a generalized gradient approximat...
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5c74f1f9c8282014898c5b70a3062667
To draw conclusions about individual variables of interest in a task, one builds structured probabilistic graphical models to describe statistical relations among all variables and marginalizes out all other unobserved variables. Such exact inference computations are infeasible in general, due to exponential complexity...
i
da40a08653e084f06bf54a111f2c3b83
To the best of my knowledge, this is the first time a TSF has been shown to resolve the Einstein's Boxes paradox. The TSF resolves the paradox in the ways that Einstein and de Broglie envisioned. The transition amplitude density {{formula:bd36000b-9eaf-4be4-9c39-0e82eb505037}} “localises the particle during the propag...
d
8223a947a744ba18250dc0d9f25e7708
Nowadays, the physicists are mesmerized by the natural beauty of electron-positron-ion (e-p-i) plasmas because many painstaking observations disclosed the existence of e-p-i plasmas in various regions of our universe (such as supernovas, pulsar environments, cluster explosions {{cite:fa6b6b34414f3251f86a2fdecb60c95b314...
i
505d4bb850fbe3bf7f0701a4f6bf1045
The effect of acetylcholine, through the M-current, on the synchronization of cells has been explored using numerical simulations and phase response curves {{cite:22741ae1c7909928cd08281f8dc193b32d7d9562}}, {{cite:69514fbdd6b5b8d34693fa60484bd537670dfc88}}, {{cite:e48aa56bcd8b377bd4a33398b6f2c7fffbba58c6}}, {{cite:fa12...
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